UNIT 9 Section Ⅴ Lesson 3-【金版新学案】2024-2025学年高中英语必修第三册同步课堂高效讲义教师用书（北师大版2019）

Section Ⅴ　Lesson 3 Step One：Pre-reading If you were going to meet a memory expert，what questions would you ask him/her? (1) Does age play a role in the human’s brain ability to store and recall information？ (2) Is there any special food that helps memory？ Step Two：While-reading Ⅰ.Read for the main idea The text mainly tells us ________． A．the kinds of memory B．the secrets of memory C．some questions about memory D．the ways to improve memory 答案：B Ⅱ.Read for the structure Read the passage quickly and fill in the blanks. Ⅲ.Read for details Read the passage carefully and choose the best answers. 1．Which of the following statements can’t account for the reason why we can remember events in our childhood? A．We remember things that have strong emotional connections. B．We often have strong feelings the first time we experience things. C．We retell events to fix experiences in our memories. D．The brainpower in one’s childhood is stronger than that in the youth. 2．According to the passage，how can we memorise detailed learning materials? ①focus on the important ideas ②be curious about what we learn ③learn important information by heart in the morning ④ask questions about what we learn ⑤group similar ideas or information together A．①②④ B．①②④⑤ C．②③④⑤ D．②③⑤ 3．What implication does The Forgetting Curve give us? A．We should recite as much as possible in the early morning. B．We should review what we’ve learnt as much as possible. C．We should review the material periodically. D．We should wait to review everything before exams. 4．At what age does our memory reach its full power? A．16.　　　 B．25. C．40.　　　 D．20. 答案：1－4 DBCB 学生用书第118页 Step Three：Post-reading Ⅰ.难句解构 1． 尝试翻译　这是因为我们第一次经历事物时，常常会产生强烈的恐惧感或兴奋感。 2． 尝试翻译　拥有照相记忆能力的人多年后仍然可以记住某一张图片、某本书或某个事件的每一个细节，但没有人能证明真有人有照相记忆能力。 Ⅱ.佳句仿写 1．教材佳句　They are both good at remembering particular things for a limited time. (个人专长) 学后仿写　He is good at solving complex math problems quickly and efficiently. 他擅长快速高效地解决复杂的数学问题。 2．教材佳句　When remembering something new, try to connect it to our emotions.(建议) 学后仿写　When speaking in public， try to maintain eye contact with the audience. 在公共场合发言时，尝试与观众保持眼神接触。 Ⅲ.品质升华 1．Why are childhood memories often very emotional？(Critical Thinking 批判性思维) Because when we experience things for the first time，we often have strong feelings of fear or excitement. 2．Are there any answers given by Jemima Gryaznov that are not convincing to you? What are your doubts？(Creative Thinking 创造性思维) The answers he gave were so convincing that I didn’t have any questions. ◎ ①childhood/ˈtʃaɪldhʊd/n.童年，儿童时代 ②emotional/ɪˈməʊʃənəl/adj.情感上的；情绪上的 emotion n．情感，情绪，激情 emotionally adv.情绪上，情感上 ③excitement/ɪkˈsaɪtmənt/n.兴奋，激动 to one’s excitement 使某人兴奋的是 in excitement 兴奋地 excite vt.使兴奋；使激动 excited adj.兴奋的，激动的 exciting adj.令人激动的，使人兴奋的 ④as a result 作为结果 ⑤retell vt.复述，重述 ⑥fix sth in one’s memory/mind 牢记某事 fix one’s attention/mind on ...把注意力/思想集中在…… ⑦photographic/ˌfəʊtəˈɡræfɪk/adj. 详细准确的；摄影的；照片的 ⑧prove vt.证明，证实 proof n．证明，证据 ⑨digit/ˈdɪdʒɪt/n.(0～9的任何一个)数字 ⑩detailed adj.详细的，精细的 ⑪helicopter/ˈheləkɒptə/n.直升机 ⑫publish/ˈpʌblɪʃ/vt.&vi.出版；刊登；发表 publishing n．出版(业) a publishing house 出版社 ⑬curve/kɜːv/n.曲线，弧线 ⑭sharp/ʃɑːp/adj.急剧的，猛烈的；尖的，锋利的 ⑮timely/ˈtaɪmli/adj.及时的，适时的 ⑯revisit n.& vt.重游，再访 此处意为“复习”。 ⑰significantly adv.有重大意义地，显著地，明显地 significant adj.有重大意义的，显著的 significance n．重要性，意义 ⑱up to 达到(某数量、程度等)，至多有 人物小传 1．Daniel Tammet 丹尼尔·塔梅，英国人，有超常的运算能力和记忆力。可以背到圆周率小数点后22 514位。 2．Stephen Wiltshire 斯蒂芬·威尔夏，英国人，拥有惊人的记忆和绘画天赋，有“人肉照相机”之称。 3．Hermann Ebbinghaus 赫尔曼·艾宾浩斯(1850－1909)，德国心理学家。艾宾浩斯一生致力于有关记忆的实验心理学研究，在1885年出版了《关于记忆》一书，提出了著名的“艾宾浩斯遗忘曲线”。 ◎ THE SECRETS OF YOUR MEMORY Memory expert Jemima Gryaznov answers some of the most common questions about memory. 1 Why can I remember events in my childhood①but not[1] what happened last week? We remember things that have strong connections in our mind，especially emotional② connections.Childhood memories are often very emotional.This is because when we experience things for the first time，we often have strong feelings of fear or excitement③.[2] Also，interesting or funny stories from our childhood are often told again and again.As a result④， we remember them much better，as retelling⑤ events helps fix experiences in our memories⑥.What can we learn from all this？When remembering something new，try to connect it to our emotions.It is important to connect it with what we already know.Also，we can try to retell what we have learnt to a few others. 学生用书第119页 [1]画线部分省略了与前文重复的部分，完整形式应为but I can not remember。表示并列或比较时，常采用省略结构以简化句子。 [2]画线部分为较为复杂的主从复合句。because引导表语从句，其中when引导时间状语从句。 2 Do some people really have a photographic⑦ memory? A person with a photographic memory could remember every detail of a picture，a book or an event many years later，but no one has proved⑧ that there are people who really have photographic memories.Yet，there are some people who do have [3]amazing memories.For example，Daniel Tammet can remember the first 22，514 digits⑨ of pi (π) and Stephen Wiltshire can draw a detailed⑩ picture of a city from memory after flying over it in a helicopter⑪ .They are both good at remembering particular things for a limited time.As most of us do not have amazing memories like them，when memorising detailed learning materials，we simply need to focus on the important ideas and be curious about what we learn.Asking questions about what we learn also helps with memorisation.Another effective technique to remember things is to group similar ideas or information together so that they can be easily connected to things that are already known. [3]强调谓语动词时，可用“do/does/did＋动词原形”，表示“确实，务必”。 3 Why do I forget the new words that I learnt yesterday? Don’t worry.This is natural for many people.In 1885，Hermann Ebbinghaus published⑫ a book called Memory and presented a famous forgetting curve⑬.According to him，the sharpest⑭ loss of memory occurs during the very early period after learning.This means timely⑮ review during this period，with a few revisits⑯ to what is learnt，can significantly⑰ help us to remember the information.Therefore，one of the golden rules to increase how much we remember is to review the material periodically，especially during the first day after learning.This “spaced review”soon after learning helps build stronger memories and it is more effective than waiting to review everything before exams. 学生用书第120页 4 I’m 16，but I sometimes forget things.Is my memory getting worse? Definitely not.Our memory reaches its full power at the age of 25.At that point，we can remember up to⑱ 200 pieces of information in a second.After this age，however，the brain starts to get smaller.By the age of 40，we lose 10，000 brain cells every day.By middle age，our memory is significantly worse than when we were young.So take it easy.You are at a good age in terms of your memory.Make good use of it! ◎ 你记忆的秘密 记忆专家杰迈玛·格里耶兹诺夫回答了一些关于记忆的最常见的问题。 1为什么我记得童年时期的一些事却不记得上周发生的事情？ 我们会记住头脑中有较强关联的事情，特别是情感联系。童年记忆往往非常感性。这是因为我们第一次经历事物时，常常会产生强烈的恐惧感或兴奋感。另外，我们童年时期有趣或好笑的故事总是讲了又讲。因此，我们能更好地记住这些经历，因为复述事件能加强我们对事件的印象。我们能从这一切中学到什么？记住新事物时，试着把它和我们的情感联系起来。把它和我们已经知道的联系起来是很重要的。此外，我们可以试着把我们学到的东西复述给其他人听。 2真的有人有照相记忆能力吗？ 拥有照相记忆能力的人多年后仍然可以记住某一张图片、某本书或某个事件的每一个细节，但没有人能证明真的有人有照相记忆能力。然而，有些人的确记忆力惊人。例如，丹尼尔·塔梅可以记住圆周率的前22 514位数，而斯蒂芬·威尔夏可以坐直升飞机俯瞰一个城市，而后凭记忆画出这个城市的详细图片。他们都善于在有限的时间内记住特定的事物。因为我们大多数人都没有像他们那样惊人的记忆力，在记忆详细的学习材料时，我们只需要把注意力集中在重要的想法上并对于我们所学到了什么保持好奇心，对我们所学的内容提出问题也有助于记忆。另一个有效的记忆技巧是将相似的想法或信息组合在一起，这样就可以很容易地把它们和已知的东西联系在一起。 3为什么我会忘记昨天学的新词？ 别担心。这对许多人来说是很正常的。1885年，赫尔曼·艾宾浩斯出版了《关于记忆》一书，提出了著名的遗忘曲线。根据他的说法，最显著的遗忘出现在学习之后的最初阶段。这意味着在这一阶段及时复习，多次回顾所学内容，可以极大地帮助我们记住这些内容。因此，增加我们记忆量的黄金法则之一是定期复习材料，尤其是在学习后的第一天。这种在学习后不久进行的“间隔复习”有助于建立更强的记忆，而且比等到考试前复习所有东西更有效。 学生用书第121页 4我16岁，但有时会忘记事情。我的记忆力是在变差吗？ 当然不是。我们的记忆在25岁时达到顶峰。那时，我们可以在一秒钟内记住多达200条信息。然而，此后大脑就开始变小。到了40岁，我们每天会损失10 000个脑细胞。到了中年，我们的记忆力会明显比年轻的时候差。所以放轻松。就你的记忆力而言，你正处于一个很好的年龄，好好利用它！ ◎阅读单词——识记 1．odd digits 　奇数 2．helicopter rescue 　直升机救援 3．memorisation exercises 　记忆练习 4．cell division 　细胞分裂 5．periodically update 　定期地更新 ◎核心单词——练通 1．in my childhood 在我的童年时代 2．publish a book 出版一本书 3．timely assistance 　及时的援助 4．smooth curve 　平滑的曲线 5．a unique drawing technique 　一种独特的绘画技巧 ◎拓展单词——用活 1．arrangement n．计划；安排→arrange vt.& vi.整理，布置；安排，筹备 2．emotional adj.情感上的；情绪上的→emotion n．情感，强烈的感情，感激，情绪 3．excitement n．兴奋，激动→excite vt.使兴奋；使激动→excited adj.兴奋的；激动的→exciting adj.令人兴奋的；使人激动的 4．photographic adj.详细准确的；照片的；摄影的→photograph n．照片 v．摄影，为……照相→photography n．摄影；摄影术→photographer n．摄影师 5．sharp adj.急剧的，猛烈的；尖的，锋利的→sharply adv.尖刻地；严厉地；猛烈地→sharpen vt.(使)变得锋利；使明朗；(使)提高，改善 arrange v．安排；排列；整理 [＋-ment] →arrangement n．计划；安排 ①govern v．统治→government n．政府 ②agree v．同意→agreement n．协议；契约 ③equip v．装备→equipment n．装备 ④develop v．发展→development n．发展 ◎重点短语——再现 第一组　汉译英 1．作为结果 as a result 2．多达；直到；取决于 up to 3．在……方面 in terms of 4．充分利用 make good use of 5．集中注意力于，关注 focus on 第二组　英译汉 6．for the first time 第一次 7．connect...to 把 …… 连接 / 联系起来 8．take it easy 放轻松 ◎典型句式——默背 1．句型公式　 This is because ...“这是因为……” 教材原句　 This is because(这是因为) when we experience things for the first time，we often have strong feelings of fear or excitement. 2．句型公式　 It is＋形容词＋to do sth 教材原句　 It is important to connect it(与它联系起来是很重要的)with what we already know. 3．句型公式　 动词-ing形式作主语 教材原句　 Asking questions about what we learn (对我们所学的东西提出问题) also helps with memorisation. 学生用书第122页 Ⅰ.核心词汇练全 　arrangement n．计划；安排 (教材原句) facts and arrangements 事实和安排 (1)make arrangements for 为……做出安排 (2)arrange vt. 筹备；安排；整理 arrange sth for sb 为某人安排某事 arrange(for sb) to do sth 安排(某人)做某事 佳句　If you are interested，please sign up at the office before 5：00 p.m.next Thursday so that we will make necessary arrangements.(应用文写作之告知信) 如果你感兴趣的话，下周四下午5点前请到办公室报名，以便我们做必要的安排。 [温馨提示]　1．表示“安排某人做某事”用arrange for sb to do sth 而不用arrange sb to do sth； 2．make arrangements for 中的arrangement 常用复数形式。 单句语法填空/应用文写作之告知信 ①I’ve arranged to go (go) with him to tomorrow’s football match. ②He arranged for me to go down to London one day a week. ③The local newspaper made arrangements (arrange) for an interview with Professor Stein. ④我想告诉你，我和我的同学已安排好下周六重阳节去拜访附近的敬老院。 I’d like to tell you that my classmates and I have arranged to visit the nearby nursing home next Saturday for the Double Ninth Festival. 巧学助记　We have arranged a special dinner for the guests，and we hope the arrangement will be accepted. 我们为客人安排了一顿特别的晚餐，我们希望这个安排能被接受。 　excitement n．兴奋，激动 (教材原句) This is because when we experience things for the first time，we often have strong feelings of fear or excitement. 这是因为我们第一次经历事物时，常常会产生强烈的恐惧感或兴奋感。 (1)to one’s excitement 令某人兴奋的是 with excitement 兴奋地 (2)excite vt. 使兴奋；使激动 (3)excited adj. 感到兴奋的，激动的 be excited about/at/by 对……感到兴奋 be excited to do sth 对做某事感到兴奋 (4)exciting adj. 令人兴奋的，使人激动的 佳句　 Now，every year when my husband pulls our camper out of the garage，we are filled with a sense of excitement.(读后续写之情绪描写) 现在，每年当我丈夫把我们的露营车从车库里拖出来时，我们都充满了兴奋的感觉。 单句语法填空/句式升级 ①Excited (excite) about your coming，I can hardly wait to give you some recommendations. ②Upon seeing the doll，Julie let out a cry of excitement (excite)，saying repeatedly that it was the sweetest gift she had ever received. ③I’ve got an exciting (excite) job，which makes me very happy. ④He was so excited that he held it tightly，rushing into the house. →So excited was he that he held it tightly，rushing into the house.(倒装) 学生用书第123页 　as a result 作为结果 (教材原句)As a result，we remember them much better，as retelling events helps fix experiences in our memories. 因此，我们能更好地记住这些经历，因为复述事件能加强我们对事件的印象。 (1)as a result of 由于……，作为……的结果 without result 没有结果；白费 (2)result from 由……造成；因……而产生 result in 导致；造成 佳句　The growers destroyed this forest.As a result，many species are quickly dying out.(应用文写作之演讲稿) 种植者毁坏了这里的森林。结果，很多物种正在迅速灭绝。 [温馨提示]　1．result in的主语是“起因”，宾语是“结果”； 2．result from的主语是“结果”，宾语是“起因”； 3．表示“导致”的词语还有： cause，lead to，contribute to等。 单句语法填空/一句多译 ①Their wedding has been postponed as a result of the epidemic. ②It’s reported that the accident resulted in two deaths. ③It has been discovered that the traffic accident resulted from the driver’s careless driving. ④他突然头痛，结果他未能去参加宴会。(用result的相关短语) →He had a sudden headache.As a result，he wasn’t able to attend the party. →He wasn’t able to attend the party as a result of his sudden headache. →His sudden headache resulted in his not being able to attend the party. →His not being able to attend the party resulted from his sudden headache. 　take it easy 放轻松 (教材原句) So take it easy. 所以放轻松。 take things easy 放松，休息，别过分劳累 take one’s time 别着急；慢慢来 take sth seriously 重视某事；对某事严肃对待 take ...for granted 认为……理所当然 take ...as ... 把……当作…… 佳句　Whenever I feel bad，Dad will tell me to take it easy，saying that everything will be all right.(应用文写作之日记) 每当我心情不好的时候，爸爸就会叫我放轻松，说一切都会好的。 用take的相关短语填空/应用文写作之建议信 ①Take your time； we still have 20 minutes left. ②We should be grateful to our parents’ love instead of taking it for granted． ③Don’t take what he says seriously．He likes making fun of others. ④不要想当然地认为你能把这项工作做得十分完美；认真对待，并做好充分准备。 You should not take it for granted that you can do the work perfectly.Take it seriously and make enough preparations. 一词多义——sharp A．adj.灵敏的，敏锐的　B．adj.锋利的，锐利的　C．adj.突然的，剧烈的　D．adj.鲜明的，明显的　E．adj.尖酸的，刻薄的　F．adv.(用于表时间的词语后，表示准时)……整 ①We are leaving at 5 o’clock sharp. F ②Don’t touch the sharp knife or you’ll hurt yourself. B ③His sharp words seemed to hurt her very much. E ④Shops are reporting a sharp rise in sales of organic produce. C ⑤Some of these kids are pretty sharp when it comes to maths. A ⑥The warm weather was in sharp contrast to last year’s cold temperature. D 学生用书第124页 Ⅱ.典型句式讲透 　句型公式：This is because...“这是因为……” (教材原句)This is because when we experience things for the first time，we often have strong feelings of fear or excitement. 这是因为我们第一次经历事物时，常常会产生强烈的恐惧感或兴奋感。 本句中This is because...意为“这是因为……”，其中because 引导表语从句。 (1)That’s why...意为“那就是……的原因”，why引导表语从句。 (2)That’s because...意为“那是因为……”，because引导表语从句。 (3)The reason why...is/was that...意为“……的原因是……”，why引导定语从句，that引导表语从句。 (4)在句型“That’s why/because...”中，why后强调结果，because后强调原因。 (5)在句型“The reason why...is/was that...”中，表语从句只能用that引导，不能用because。 佳句　He wants to find another job.This is because he can’t put up with the pressure here any more.(应用文写作之告知信) 他想另找一份工作，这是因为他再也无法忍受这里的压力了。 单句语法填空/应用文写作之道歉信 ①He did not study hard.That is why he failed in the last exam. ②She wouldn’t like to go out today.That is because she doesn’t feel well. ③The reason why he always failed was that he was lazy. ④汤姆今天早晨睡过头了，那就是他上班迟到的原因。 Tom overslept this morning.That is why he was late for work. 　句型公式：动词-ing形式(短语)作主语 (教材原句)Asking questions about what we learn also helps with memorisation. 对我们所学的内容提出问题也有助于记忆。 (1)动词-ing形式(短语)作主语往往表示比较笼统的、一般的或习惯性的动作，谓语动词用单数形式； (2)动词-ing形式(短语)作主语时，有时用it作形式主语，而把动词-ing形式(短语)后置，常见结构： It is useless/no use/no good/a waste of time＋doing sth 做某事是无用的/没有用的/没有好处的/浪费时间的 (3)动词-ing形式(短语)作主语时可以有自己的逻辑主语，构成动词-ing形式的复合结构。 佳句　Putting your foot down will surely help you achieve your goals. 脚踏实地肯定会帮助你实现目标。,补全句子/应用文写作之建议信 ①Doing housework(做家务) brings many benefits to children. ②Listening to musicmakes me relaxed(使我感到放松) after a busy day. ③Learning to drive(学习驾驶) is usually a nervous experience for beginners. ④后悔过去的错误是没有用的。 It is no use regretting your past mistakes． 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$