信息必刷卷02（江苏专用）-2025年高考英语考前信息必刷卷

2025年高考考前信息必刷卷（江苏专用）02 英语·答案及评分标准 （满分：150分） 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 答案 C B A B C A B A C A 题号 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 答案 B C B C A B C B C A 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 题号 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 答案 C D B A D C A D C D 题号 31 32 33 34 35 答案 A A B B C 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 36. G 37. A 38. B 39. F 40. C 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 41. B 42. A 43. D 44. B 45. A 46. A 47. D 48. B 49. D 50. A 51. C 52. B 53. C 54. D 55. A 第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 56. specifically 57. where 58. extinction 59. was recognized 60. a 61. to continue 62. integrating 63. professionals 64. Despite 65. innovative 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 66. 第一节（满分15分） 【参考范文】 Sports and Health Our school English newspaper conducted a survey on how much time Senior 3 students spend on sports every day. The results show that only 4% of students play sports for more than 30 minutes. About 30% do it for 20 to 30 minutes, but 60% only play for less than 20 minutes. Sadly, 6% don’t do any sports. This is horrible! I think the main reason is that students are very busy with their studies and have less time for sports. But doing sports is so important for our health. Schools, I think, should encourage students to do more sports by having fun activities after school and making sure there are enough places to play. 应用文写作评分标准 一、评分原则 1. 本题总分为15分，按5个档次给分。 2. 评分时，先根据文章的内容和语言初步确定其所属档次，然后以该档次的要求来衡量，确定或调整档次，最后给分。 3. 词数少于60和多于100的，从总分中减去2分。 4. 评分时，应注意的主要内容为：内容要点、应用词汇和语法结构的丰富性和准确性及上下文的连贯性。 5. 拼写与标点符号是语言准确性的一个方面，评分时，应视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑。英、美拼写及词汇用法均可接受。 6. 如书写较差，以致影响交际，可将分数降低一个档次。 二、各档次的给分范围和要求 档次 描述 第五档 (13～15分) 完全完成了试题规定的任务。 - 覆盖所有内容要点。 - 应用了较多的语法结构和词汇。 - 语法结构或词汇方面有些许错误，但因尽力使用较复杂结构或较高级词汇所致；具备较强的语言运用能力。 - 有效地使用了语句间的连接成分，使全文结构紧凑。 完全达到了预期的写作目的。 第四档 (10～12分) 完全完成了试题规定的任务。 - 虽漏掉1、2个次重点，但覆盖所有主要内容。 - 应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要求。 - 语法结构或词汇方面应用基本准确，些许错误主要是因尝试较复杂语法结构或词汇所致。 - 应用简单的语句间连接成分，使全文结构紧凑。 达到了预期的写作目的。 第三档 (7～9分) 基本完成了试题规定的任务。 - 虽漏掉一些内容，但覆盖所有主要内容。 - 应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要求。 - 有一些语法结构或词汇方面的错误，但不影响理解。 - 应用简单的语句间连接成分，使全文内容连贯。 整体而言，基本达到了预期的写作目的。 第二档 (4～6分) 未适当完成试题规定的任务。 - 漏掉或未描述清楚一些主要内容，写了一些无关内容。 - 语法结构单调、词汇项目有限。 - 有一些语法结构或词汇方面的错误，影响了对写作内容的理解。 - 较少使用语句间的连接成分，内容缺少连贯性。 信息未能清楚地传达给读者。 第一档 (1～3分) 未完成试题规定的任务。 - 明显遗漏主要内容，写了一些无关内容，原因可能是未理解试题要求。 - 语法结构单调、词汇项目有限。 - 较多语法结构或词汇方面的错误，影响对写作内容的理解。 - 缺乏语句间的连接成分，内容不连贯。 信息未能传达给读者。 0分 未能传达给读者任何信息：内容太少，无法评判；写的内容均与所要求内容无关或所写内容无法看清。 67. 第二节（满分25分） 【参考范文】 Determined to find the exact answer, Aria set off to the library. She pored over books about the environment. The more she learned, the more she realized how serious the problem was. With trees being destroyed and more cars pouring into the streets, exhaust gas polluted the air severely. All these contributed to rising global temperatures, speeding up the aging process of the leaves. After weeks of research, Aria sat sadly beneath the oak tree, knowing that it was also a victim of the warming planet. “We still have time,” she said, as if reassuring the oak tree. The next day, Aria organized a meeting at the town hall, where she shared what she had learned with her friends and family. She encouraged everyone to plant trees, and switch to renewable energy. At first, not everyone understood the urgency. But Aria didn’t give up persuading them. Slowly, people around her began to change. To her joy, solar products appeared on their rooftops, and gardens were planted in backyards. Aria’s determination spread, and soon neighboring towns joined in, creating a movement that extended far beyond her small community. 读后续写评分原则 一、评分标准 1. 本题总分为25分，按七个档次进行评分。 2. 评分时，主要从续写内容、语言表达、篇章结构三个方面考虑，具体为： （1）创造内容的质量，续写的完整性及与原文情景的融洽度。 （2）所使用词汇和语法结构的准确性、恰当性和多样性。 （3）上下文的衔接和全文的连贯性。 3. 评分时，应先根据作答的具体情况确定其所属的档次，然后以该档次的要求来综合衡量，确定或调整档次，最后给分。 4. 评分时还应注意： （1）词数少于120的，酌情扣分； （2）书写较差以致影响交际的，酌情扣分； （3）单词拼写和标点符号是写作规范的重要方面，评分时应视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑，英、美拼写及词汇用法均可接受。 二、各档次的给分范围和要求 第七档（22～25分） 创造了新颖、丰富、合理的内容，富有逻辑性，续写完整，与原文情境融洽度高； 使用了多样且恰当的词汇和语法结构，表达流畅，语言错误很少，且完全不影响理解； 自然有效地使用了段落间、语句间衔接手段，全文结构清晰，前后呼应，意义连贯。 第六档（18～21分） 创造了比较丰富、合理的内容，比较有逻辑性，续写比较完整，与原文情境融洽度较高； 使用了比较多样且恰当的词汇和语法结构，表达比较流畅，有个别错误，但不影响理解； 比较有效地使用了语句间衔接手段，全文结构清晰，意义比较连贯。 第五档（15～17分） 创造了基本合理的内容，有一定的逻辑性，续写基本完整，与原文情境相关； 使用了比较恰当的词汇和语法结构，表达方式不够多样性，表达有些许错误，但基本不影响理解； 使用了语句间衔接手段，全文结构比较清晰，意义比较连贯。 第四档（11～14分） 创造了基本完整的故事内容，但有的情节不够合理或逻辑性不强，与原文情境基本相关； 使用了简单的词汇和语法结构，有部分语言错误和不恰当之处，个别部分影响理解； 有语句衔接的意识，全文结构基本清晰，意义基本连贯。 第三档（6～10分） 内容和逻辑上有一些重大问题，续写不够完整，与原文有一定程度脱节； 所用的词汇有限，语法结构单调，错误较多且比较低级，影响理解； 未能有效地使用语句间衔接手段，全文结构不够清晰，意义欠连贯。 第二档（1～5分） 内容和逻辑上有较多重大问题，或有部分内容抄自原文，续写不完整，与原文情境基本脱节； 所使用的词汇非常有限，语法结构单调，错误极多，严重影响理解。 几乎没有使用语句间衔接手段，全文结构不清晰，意义不连贯。 第一档（0分） 未作答；所写内容太少或无法看清以致无法评判；所写内容全部抄自原文或与题目要求完全不相关。 试卷第2页，共22页 1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$null 绝密★启用前 2025年高考考前信息必刷卷(江苏专用)02 英 语 (考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分) 高考·新动向 为了保持稳定，我们完全有理由相信，2025新高考仍将延续2024的命题思路，但是会“稳中求变”。怎么“求变”？笔者以为主要体现在以下三个“强化”：一是聚焦立德树人，强化高考育人功能；二是助力人才选拔培养，强化思维品质考查；三是发挥正向引导作用，强化推动高中教学提质增效。(以上参看信息卷01的说明)。除了以上三个“强化”以外，2025年是否会在“冷点”上做文章。比如：写作第一节的命题会不会出现2022年全国乙卷的图表类写作，我们拭目以待。再比如：七选五的选材历年高考多青睐说明文体裁，那么2025新高考是不是可能换成其他体裁(如：议论文)呢，我们有理由相信有这个可能。 高考·新考法 本套“考前信息必刷卷(江苏专用)”命题思路概述： 1. 体现“难度”：整套试题难度系数控制在0.6±0.01。其中，阅读理解D篇和七选五以及完形填空难度系数大约为0.4；其中阅读理解C篇的“配得感(entitlement)”话题，考生可能不甚了解，无疑给考生读懂文本带来了不小的挑战； 2. 兼顾“广度”：四选一阅读理解题兼顾了应用文(A篇)、记叙文(B篇)、议论文(C篇)和说明文(D篇)四种体裁，且“细节理解题、推理判断题、主旨大意题及词义猜测题”均有所考查； 3. 关注“冷点”：七选五选择了议论文的体裁文本；第一节写作选择了“图表类”写作的题型。 命题·大预测 四选一阅读理解题C篇探讨了“配得感(entitlement)”这一人格特质，它以过分的应得感和优越感为特征，以激发学生学习新知识的欲望。七选五旨在引领学生认识到培养批判性思维的重要性，逐步提升自己的核心素养；语法填空引导学生关注传统文化、传承中国文化；写作第一节提醒学生密切关注“冷点题型”，积累有关素材。 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分 30 分) 第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A，B，C三个选项中选择最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A，B，C三个选项中选择最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读每个小题，每小题5秒钟，听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 1. How long does it take Bus 3 to get to Los Angeles? A. Three hours. B. Four hours. C. Five hours. 【答案】C 【原文】 W: If you take bus 209 instead of bus 3, you can save an hour. M: Oh, that’s right. It only takes four hours to get to Los Angeles on bus 209. 2. Where did the man leave his wallet? A. At the supermarket. B. In the bank. C. In the classroom. 【答案】B 【原文】 W: Mark, you look worried. What’s wrong? M: I’ve lost two hundred dollars. I had planned to go to the supermarket to buy something. W: Where did you lose it? M: I left my wallet on the counter in the bank when I signed something. And then I left the bank without taking it. 3. When will the man see the doctor? A. At 11: 00 a. m. B. At 10: 00 a. m. C. At 4: 00 p. m. 【答案】A 【原文】 M: Hi, I’d like to book an appointment with the doctor, hopefully at 10 a.m. W: I’m sorry. It’s already booked up. I could fit you in an hour later or we have a free spot at four this afternoon. M: I’ll take the one in the morning, please. 4. Why does the woman come to the man? A. To check into a hotel. B. To apply for a job. C. To get a new bed. 【答案】B 【原文】 W: I’m looking for a job as a housekeeper. M: Have you worked in a hotel before? W: No, but I can make beds and I can clean very well. 5. What was the woman always worried about according to the man? A. The view of the garden. B. The safety of the man. C. The fruit of the tree. 【答案】C 【原文】 M: You’ve done a great job with the flowers in your garden. Hey, remember when you used to tell me off for climbing the apple tree. W: Yes. I was frightened you might fall out. M: Now, you thought that I damaged the apples for your apple pie. 听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。 6. What does the woman recommend? A. Opening an account. B. Closing the account. C. Checking the account. 7. What is the woman going to do next? A. Give the man some cash. B. Make a demonstration. C. Show another product. 【答案】6. A 7. B 【原文】 W: So if you’ re after a low-risk investment, I’d say go for this savings account. It’s an extremely reliable product. M: What do you mean by reliable? W: Well, you earn a fixed 3% a year. M: Can I close the account whenever I want? W: Yes, you can. M: And can I check the account online? W: Of course. And it’s a very user-friendly site. If you have a moment, I can demonstrate to you how easy it is. 听下面一段对话，回答第8至第10三个小题 8. Why did the woman go to New York? A. To have meetings. B. To go sightseeing. C. To study a program. 9. What may help avoid jet lag? A. Coffee. B. Alcohol. C. Exercise. 10. What did the woman say about most passengers? A. They preferred alcohol. B. They liked to do exercises. C. They could hardly make a choice. 【答案】8. A 9. C 10. A 【原文】 M: Hi, Gina! How was your trip to the States? W: Very busy. Having a lot of meetings, I didn't have much time to see New York. M: What a pity! Actually, I'll have a trip there too next week. W: Do you? Then take my advice, do watch the “Health in the Air” program on the plane. It really works. M: Oh, really? W: Yes, I followed the directions in the program, and when I arrived in New York, I felt good and no jet lag at all. M: Em, So, what did you do? W: Well, I didn't drink any alcohol or coffee, but a lot of water and I did some of the exercises in the program. M: How many passengers did the exercises? W: Not many. M: And how much alcohol did they drink? W: A lot! It was more popular than mineral water. M: So, basically, it's a choice. Mineral water and exercises, or alcohol and jet lag. W: That’s right! 听下面一段对话，回答第11至13三个小题 11. Where are the speakers? A. At a clothing store. B. At their house. C. At a travel agency. 12. How long will the speakers be on the trip? A. For two days. B. For five days. C. For seven days. 13. What does the woman suggest the man do? A. Pack more clothes. B. Test the suitcase. C. Wear his jackets. 【答案】11. B 12. C 13. B 【原文】 M: Why are you packing all your things this early? There are still five days to go before the travel. W: I know, but we’re staying there for a whole week. I just want to make sure I pack enough. Last time we went to the Bahamas I didn’t pack enough. I think I wore the same shirt for two days in a row. M: Well, it won’t be hot like our normal vacations to the Bahamas or Cabo San Lucas. Since it’s going to be cold in the Swiss alps. You will have many clothes on, no one will know if you wear the same thing twice. W: I understand that. I’m just making sure I bring the warmest clothes so I won’t be cold. You should do the same thing. Warm clothes are always larger than you think and they may not fit in your bag. M: What should I do then? W: You should pack now to see if you have enough room. M: If I don’t have enough room for everything, I will just wear all my jackets onto the plane. 听下面一段对话，回答第14至17四个小题 14. How many showings are there at the weekend? A. 4. B. 5. C. 6. 15. Why can’t the man buy tickets for the 11 pm showing tonight? A. There aren’t enough tickets left. B. A friend of his can’t make it. C. He thinks it is too late. 16. What day is it? A. Saturday. B. Friday. C. Sunday. 17. Which showing does the man end up buying tickets for? A. The noon one today. B. The 8 pm one today. C. The midnight one tomorrow. 【答案】14. C 15. A 16. B 17. C 【原文】 W: Welcome to HD Cinema. What can I do for you? M: Well … can you tell me when Zootopia is showing? W: There are five showings today, one at noon, and then 2 p. m., 5 p. m., 8 p. m. and 11 pm. At the weekend, besides these five showings, there is another showing at midnight. M: OK. I’d like six tickets for the 11 p. m. showing tonight. W: Let me see. Oh, I’m sorry, but there are only three tickets left. How about the 8 pm one? There are still 10 tickets left for that show. M: But I have a friend who won’t get off work until 8 p. m.. Is there any way that we could book tickets for tomorrow? W: Of course. What time would you like for tomorrow? M: Tomorrow is Saturday, so I think more people might want to see the movie then. How many tickets can I buy at a time? W: The limit for tickets bought in advance is 10. M: OK, I’ll have 10 tickets for the midnight show tomorrow. W: OK. 听下面一段独白，回答第18至20三个小题 18. What is the purpose of the gathering? A. To introduce the staff band. B. To celebrate the professor’s retirement. C. To announce the cancellation of exams. 19. What will Mr. Hopkins do in his free time? A. Become a gardener. B. Become a guitarist. C. Become a beekeeper. 20. What will the students do in the next semester? A. Study with a new teacher. B. Study playing the guitar. C. Study independently. 【答案】18. B 19. C 20. A 【原文】 W: I know you are all wondering why we have gathered here together. Well, I have announcements to make. You are perhaps wondering if we are finishing the term early or maybe you are hoping that I have called you all here to cancel your exams. No such luck, I am afraid. I wanted us to come together and thank our wonderful professor Tony Hopkins, before he leaves Sarah university for bigger and better things after forty years’ service. We are all going to miss him dearly. I asked professor Hopkins what he plans to do with all the extra time on his hands. Most people do something like learn a new musical instrument or take up gardening. Mr. Hopkins is going to follow a new passion. He will be swapping his suit for a full set of protective clothing and producing honey. If you are currently enrolled in one of Mr. Hopkin’s classes for next term. Don’t worry. You won’t need to study alone. I said Mr. Hopkins was almost irreplaceable but not quite. We will be introducing you to Miss Jones early next term. Now as you know, professor Hopkins loves playing the guitar. Let’s watch the step bent perform for one last time as we see farewell. 第二部分 阅读(共两节, 满分50分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A In the highly competitive college admissions landscape, extracurriculars are often the key differentiators(区分因素). Academic competitions not only highlight your intellectual abilities but also help demonstrate teamwork and problem-solving skills. The Slingshot Challenge The Slingshot Challenge is an initiative by the National Geographic Society that encourages young people aged 13 to 18 to come up with innovative solutions to environmental issues. Participants can submit a one-minute video outlining their ideas for a chance to win up to $10,000 in funding to implement their projects. Chemical Educational Foundation’s The Challenge Although it’s only open to middle school students in grades 5-8, the Chemical Education Foundation’s The Challenge is an opportunity for budding scientists to explore their interests in STEM fields! Teams of 3-4participants compete in exciting, time-based rounds of questions and responses. Additionally, teams get to create original videos to “launch a start-up company” around community-based sustainability solutions. John Locke Institute Competition The John Locke Institute is a unique essay competition for high schoolers. The top prize is one of the most exciting writing awards for high schoolers in the country. Participants can select one of three topics to address in a 2,000-word essay. The topics change from year to year but always relate to philosophy, politics, history, law, theology, economics, or psychology. National Young Composers Challenge The National Young Composers Challenge is a wonderful competition for instrumental composers between 13 and 18 years old in the United States. Participants are asked to submit one original composition, either for orchestra or for a small(2-6 instruments)ensemble. The compositions. must be under five minutes. The top three composers in each category receive cash prizes, as well as professional performances and recordings of their works! 21. Which requires participants to submit articles? A. The Slingshot Challenge B. Chemical Educational Foundation’s The Challenge C. John Locke Institute Competition D. National Young Composers Challenge 22. What do The Slingshot Challenge and National Young Composers Challenge have in common? A. Participants are required to submit videos. B. Participants focus on environmental problems. C. Winners will obtain professional suggestions. D. Winners will be financially rewarded. 23. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A. To show the process of college admission. B. To recommend contests for students. C. To stress the importance of extracurriculars. D. To demonstrate skills required for competitions. 【答案】21. C 22. D 23. B 【语篇导读】本文是一篇应用文。本文简单介绍了四个针对学生群体的课外竞赛活动。 21. 细节理解题。根据文章第四段John Locke Institute Competition部分中“The John Locke Institute is a unique essay competition for high schoolers. The top prize is one of the most exciting writing awards for high schoolers in the country.(约翰·洛克研究所是一个面向高中生的独特作文比赛。最高奖是该国高中生最激动人心的写作奖之一)”可知，约翰·洛克研究所竞赛要求参与者提交文章，故选C。 22. 细节理解题。根据文章第二段The Slingshot Challenge部分中“Participants can submit a one-minute video outlining their ideas for a chance to win up to $10,000 in funding to implement their projects.(参与者可以提交一段一分钟的视频，概述他们的想法，以获得高达10000美元的资金来实施他们的项目)”以及倒数第二段John Locke Institute Competition部分中“The top three composers in each category receive cash prizes, as well as professional performances and recordings of their works!(每个类别中排名前三位的作曲家将获得现金奖励，以及专业表演和他们的作品录音)”可知，弹弓挑战和全国青年作曲家挑战赛的共同点是获胜者将获得经济奖励，故选D。 23. 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“In the highly competitive college admissions landscape, extracurriculars are often the key differentiators(区分因素). Academic competitions not only highlight your intellectual abilities but also help demonstrate teamwork and problem-solving skills.(在竞争激烈的大学录取环境中，课外活动往往是关键的区别因素。学术竞赛不仅凸显了你的智力，还有助于展示你的团队合作和解决问题的能力)”以及后文对四个竞赛的介绍可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是为了给学生推荐竞赛，故选B。 B Susan Tsang’s journey to becoming a field biologist is as unconventional as it is inspiring. Growing up in New York City, Susan spent four hours daily on commute(通勤)to school, leaving little time for outdoor exploration. It made her an unlikely candidate for a career in field biology. Susan’s enthusiasm for the natural world was fueled during a visit to the American Museum of Natural History. The dinosaur fossils(化石)awakened her desire to explore nature, which eventually led her to pursue a PhD program focused on bat biology. Susan’s first field exploration was to Indonesia, with the task of catching wild bats. With her advisor unable to help, Susan teamed up with Sigit, an experienced local researcher. They excitedly set up net s for trapping bats near a waterfall. While preparing their equipment, they discovered a bamboo structure leaking fresh water. Thinking it might be useful for their base camp, they tried to fix it, only to have water erupt everywhere, soaking(浸湿)them completely. Unfortunately, a storm was approaching. Realizing their day was lost, they walked back to base camp. They talked and laughed, forming a deep bond. This adventure provided Susan with not only practical skills but also an invaluable lesson about adaptability and teamwork. It enhanced the significance of practical experience. She recognized that true understanding comes from directly observing the subjects of study — views that cannot be gained only from textbooks. Over the years, whenever faced with doubts regarding her capability; she remembers what her advisor told her about the experience, “The first day you came back, completely wet, yet genuinely happy. The next day you went right back out. That’s when I knew this is where you truly belonged.” Susan Tsang’s journey illustrates the transformative power of experience and perseverance. From a city girl to a committed field biologist, Susan’s success highlights the importance of pursuing one’s enthusiasm, no matter the odds. 24. What inspired Susan’s interest for the natural world? A. A museum visit. B. Her daily trip to school. C. A field exploration. D. Her childhood education. 25. What does paragraph 3 mainly describe about Susan’s first field experience? A. Its objective. B. Its discovery. C. Its approach. D. Its challenge. 26. How did the trip to Indonesia influence Susan? A. She changed her understanding of nature. B. It brought her doubts about her capability. C. She developed a sense of career belonging. D. It deepened knowledge gained in the book. 27. What accounted for Susan’s change? A. The power of passion. B. The pursuit of perfection. C. The return to the wild. D. The contribution to biology. 【答案】24. A 25. D 26. C 27. A 【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述的是Susan Tsang从一个城市女孩成长为一名致力于野外生物学的研究者，通过她的首次野外考察经历，展示了热情和坚持如何引领她找到职业归属感。 24. 细节理解题。根据第二段“Susan’s enthusiasm for the natural world was fueled during a visit to the American Museum of Natural History. The dinosaur fossils(化石)awakened her desire to explore nature, which eventually led her to pursue a PhD program focused on bat biology.(Susan对自然世界的热情是在参观美国自然历史博物馆时被点燃的。恐龙化石唤醒了她探索自然的欲望，这最终促使她攻读专注于蝙蝠生物学的博士学位)”可知，一次博物馆参观激发了Susan对自然世界的兴趣，故选A项。 25. 主旨大意题。根据第三段中的“With her advisor unable to help, Susan teamed up with Sigit, an experienced local researcher. They excitedly set up net s for trapping bats near a waterfall. While preparing their equipment, they discovered a bamboo structure leaking fresh water. Thinking it might be useful for their base camp, they tried to fix it, only to have water erupt everywhere, soaking(浸湿)them completely. Unfortunately, a storm was approaching. Realizing their day was lost, they walked back to base camp.(由于她的导师无法提供帮助，苏珊与当地一位经验丰富的研究员西格特合作。他们兴奋地在瀑布附近布下捕捉蝙蝠的网。在准备设备时，他们发现了一个漏水的竹结构。他们认为这可能对他们的大本营有用，就试图修理它，结果到处都是水，把他们完全浸湿了。不幸的是，一场暴风雨即将来临。意识到这一天已经完了，他们走回了大本营)”可知，本段讲述了Susan首次去印尼野外探险抓蝙蝠，在准备设备时遇到竹子结构漏水弄湿自己，又遇暴风雨等情况，说明这次经历充满挑战。所以第三段主要描述了Susan首次野外经历的挑战，故选D项。 26. 推理判断题。根据第四段中“Over the years, whenever faced with doubts regarding her capability; she remembers what her advisor told her about the experience, ‘The first day you came back, completely wet, yet genuinely happy. The next day you went right back out. That’s when I knew this is where you truly belonged.’(多年来，每当她对自己的能力产生怀疑时，她就会想起导师对这次经历说的话：“你第一天回来时全身湿透，但却真心开心。第二天你又马上出去了。那时我就知道这才是你真正属于的地方”)”可知，去印尼的这次旅行让Susan产生了一种职业归属感，故选C项。 27. 推理判断题。通读全文，结合第二段提到博物馆参观激发她对自然的兴趣，以及最后一段“Susan Tsang’s journey illustrates the transformative power of experience and perseverance. From a city girl to a committed field biologist, Susan’s success highlights the importance of pursuing one’s enthusiasm, no matter the odds.(Susan Tsang的经历展示了经验和毅力的变革力量。从一个城市女孩成长为一名专注的野外生物学家，Susan的成功凸显了无论困难多大都要追求自己热情所在的重要性)”可推知，是热情的力量促使Susan发生了改变，故选A项。 C The next time you’re feeling depressed or angry at the world, ask yourself if you’ve really been dealt a poor hand — or if, just maybe, you were expecting too much. That’s one message that can be drawn from a recent study on entitlement, a personality trait characterized by exaggerated feelings of deservingness and superiority. Entitlement may lead to constant disappointment, say researchers from Case Western Reserve University. The authors reached these conclusions after analyzing more than 170 academic papers. They found that people who possess high levels. of entitlement consistently fall victim to a three-part cycle: First, they don’t always get everything they think they deserve, leaving them constantly vulnerable to unmet expectations. Those unmet expectations are then perceived as injustices, leading to emotions like anger and sadness. Finally, to justify those emotions, entitled people reassure themselves of their own specialness. This helps them feel better temporarily, but ultimately starts the process all over again. At extreme levels, entitled people repeatedly expose themselves to the risk of feeling frustrated and disappointed with life. They also tend to suffer from poor relationships, interpersonal conflicts, and depression, says co-author Julie Exline, PhD, a professor of psychological sciences at Case Western Reserve. “So much of entitlement is about competition — being better or more deserving than other people, ”she told Health. com. “It really sets in opposition to society, and it can be very isolating. ” “It’s not easy for true narcissists(自恋者)to see themselves for what they are, or to change their way of thinking.” Exline says. But she does believe that, for many well-intentioned people, feelings of entitlement can be controlled. “Conditioning yourself to think about other people and what they deserve—and also being willing to admit your own faults and weaknesses — can help you feel more connected to others, ” she says. We should be also aware that not all feelings of entitlement are wrong or bad: We shouldn’t just lower our standards or stop expecting things we truly do deserve, just so we can be happier. But if you do notice that you’ve developed an overblown sense of self — and it’s causing you to be annoyed or not get along with others — you can definitely try to do something about it. 28. What causes entitled people to be trapped in a three-part cycle? A. Consistent negative emotions. B. A strong sense of self-awareness. C. Constant self-pity and helplessness. D. Unrealistic expectations and frustration. 29. What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A. The reason for entitlement. B. The benefits of competition. C. The negative effects of entitlement. D. The importance of connecting with others. 30. What might be Exline’s suggestion for entitled people? A. Change your mindset to one of competitiveness. B. Focus on your own achievements and superiority. C. Prioritize personal goals over considering others’ needs. D. Place yourself into others’ position and reflect on yourself. 31. Which word best describes the author’s attitude to entitlement? A. Balanced. B. Critical. C. Supportive. D. Tolerant. 【答案】28. D 29. C 30. D 31. A 【语篇导读】这是一篇议论文。文章探讨了“配得感(entitlement)”这一人格特质，它以过分的应得感和优越感为特征。文章强调，虽然配得感可能导致问题，但并非所有配得感都是错误的，关键在于平衡期望与现实，以及学会考虑他人的需求和感受。 28. 细节理解题。根据第二段“They found that people who possess high levels. of entitlement consistently fall victim to a three-part cycle: First, they don’t always get everything they think they deserve, leaving them constantly vulnerable to unmet expectations. Those unmet expectations are then perceived as injustices, leading to emotions like anger and sadness. Finally, to justify those emotions, entitled people reassure themselves of their own specialness. This helps them feel better temporarily, but ultimately starts the process all over again.(他们发现拥有高水平的人。他们总是会陷入一个由三部分组成的循环：首先，他们并不总是得到他们认为应得的一切，这让他们总是容易受到无法实现的期望的伤害。这些未满足的期望被认为是不公平的，导致愤怒和悲伤等情绪。最后，为了证明这些情绪是合理的，有权利的人对自己的特殊性进行了自我安慰。这会让他们暂时感觉好一些，但最终还是会重新开始这个过程)” 可知，是不切实际的期望和挫折感导致了他们落入三部曲循环中，故选D。 29. 主旨大意题。根据第三段“At extreme levels, entitled people repeatedly expose themselves to the risk of feeling frustrated and disappointed with life. They also tend to suffer from poor relationships, interpersonal conflicts, and depression, says co-author Julie Exline, PhD.(在极端情况下，配得感的人往往反复让自己感到沮丧和对生活失望。他们还有糟糕的人际关系、冲突以及抑郁问题)”可知，第三段主要讨论了配得感的负面影响，包括导致人际关系差、人际冲突和抑郁，故选C。 30. 推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“Conditioning yourself to think about other people and what they deserve —and also being willing to admit your own faults and weaknesses—can help you feel more connected to others.(让自己去思考他人及他们的需要，同时愿意承认自己的缺点和弱点，可以帮助你与他人建立更深的联系)可知，Exline的建议是要站在他人立场上思考问题，并进行自我反思，故选D。 31. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“We should be also aware that not all feelings of entitlement are wrong or bad: We shouldn’t just lower our standards or stop expecting things we truly do deserve, just so we can be happier. But if you do notice that you’ve developed an overblown sense of self — and it’s causing you to be annoyed or not get along with others — you can definitely try to do something about it.(我们也应该意识到，并非所有的配得感都是错误的或不好的：我们不应该降低我们的标准或停止期待我们真正应得的东西，只是为了让我们更快乐。但是，如果你确实注意到你已经形成了一种过度的自我意识，并且它导致你感到烦恼或无法与他人相处——你绝对可以尝试做些什么)”可知，作者提倡对配得感有一个全面的看法，既不全盘否定，也不盲目肯定，而是寻求一个平衡点，故选A。 D Dreams have fascinated people for years, yet we struggle to understand their purpose. Some theories suggest dreams help us deal with emotions, solve problems or manage hidden desires. Others suggest they clean up brain waste or make memories stronger. David Eagleman, a neuroscientist at Stanford University, suggests another theory. It takes into account that the human brain has an ability called neuroplasticity(神经可塑性)—certain areas are able to take on new tasks. He argues the brain distributes its resources by “carrying out a do-or-die competition” for brain territory where sensory areas “gain or lose neural territory when inputs slow, stop or shift”. “For example, people who lose sight or hearing show heightened sensitivity in the remaining senses,” says Eagleman. When we sleep, we can smell, hear and feel, but visual information is absent - except during rapid eye movement(REM)sleep. About 90 minutes after falling sleep, we enter REM sleep. It begins when neurons in your brain stem signal the beginning of two important tasks. Activity of these neurons, for one, paralyze motor nerves, hampering the sleeper’s acting out what is happening in the dream. Also, they send messages directly to the visual cortex(皮层), which starts the dreaming process. As long as the neurons in the visual cortex are actively performing their job, they won’t be taken over by nearby neurons that process other sensory information. Dreams are the brain’s way of fighting the takeover from other senses. Eagleman argues that the more plastic the brain is, the more necessary REM sleep is for performing a defense. For babies to develop properly, they must sleep a lot, spending almost 50 percent of their time in REM sleep. But as people age, their brains become less flexible. At the same time, adults spend less time on REM sleep. Deirdre Leigh Barrett, a psychologist at Harvard University, says, “Eagleman’s theory is very convincing.” However, some dream researchers have different views. They think although the blind mole rat does not see, it still experiences REM sleep. Yet some evolutionary adaptations are features that were useful in the past but have become less significant as animals have evolved. So perhaps there was no pressure for blind mole rats to lose REM activity as they evolved without vision. 32. Why does Eagleman mention the example in paragraph 2? A. To show the brain is highly adaptive. B. To prove the neurons can repair themselves. C. To explain the significance of the five senses. D. To illustrate the unevenness of the brain resource. 33 What does the underlined word “hampering” in paragraph 3 mean? A. Conducting. B. Preventing. C. Spotting. D. Stimulating. 34. What can be inferred from Eagleman’s statements in paragraph 4? A. Brain plasticity increases as people get older. B. REM sleep and brain plasticity are interrelated. C. Adults need more sleep to keep fit than babies. D. People’s aging process has little effect on REM sleep. 35. What do some dream researchers think of Eagleman’s theory? A. Its application is limited. B. Its theoretical basis is novel. C. It lacks credibility. D. It agrees with evolutionary laws. 【答案】32. A 33. B 34. B 35. C 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了斯坦福大学神经科学家David Eagleman关于梦的新理论——梦是大脑抵抗其他感官接管的方式，快速眼动睡眠对于执行这种防御是必要的，大脑的可塑性和快速眼动睡眠是相互关联的。 32. 推理判断题。根据第二段中“David Eagleman, a neuroscientist at Stanford University, suggests another theory. It takes into account that the human brain has an ability called neuroplasticity(神经可塑性)—certain areas are able to take on new tasks. He argues the brain distributes its resources by ‘carrying out a do-or-die competition’ for brain territory where sensory areas ‘gain or lose neural territory when inputs slow, stop or shift’.(斯坦福大学的神经学家David Eagleman提出了另一种理论。它考虑到人类大脑有一种被称为神经可塑性的能力——某些区域能够承担新的任务。他认为，大脑通过“一场你死我活的竞争”来分配资源，当输入变慢、停止或转移时，感觉区域会“获得或失去神经区域”)”可知，Eagleman提出了人类大脑有一种被称为神经可塑性的能力，即能够承担新的任务。然后通过举例“For example, people who lose sight or hearing show heightened sensitivity in the remaining senses(例如，失去视力或听力的人在其余感官上表现出更高的敏感性)”来说明大脑在资源分配过程中，当某一感官输入信息改变时，其他感官能够进行调整，展示了大脑具有高度的可塑性和适应性，故选A项。 33. 词义猜测题。根据划线词所在句“Activity of these neurons, for one, paralyze motor nerves, hampering the sleeper’s acting out what is happening in the dream.(一方面，这些神经元的活动会使运动神经麻痹，hampering睡眠者将梦中发生的事情付诸行动)” 中“paralyze motor nerves”可推知，运动神经麻痹就会“阻止”睡眠者把梦中的行为表现出来 ，所以hampering意思是“阻止”，与Preventing同义，故选B项。 34. 推理判断题。根据第四段“Eagleman argues that the more plastic the brain is, the more necessary REM sleep is for performing a defense. For babies to develop properly, they must sleep a lot, spending almost 50 percent of their time in REM sleep. But as people age, their brains become less flexible. At the same time, adults spend less time on REM sleep.(伊格曼认为，大脑的可塑性越强，快速眼动睡眠对于进行防御就越有必要。为了让婴儿正常发育，他们必须大量睡眠，几乎 50% 的时间都处于快速眼动睡眠状态。但随着人们年龄的增长，他们的大脑变得不那么灵活。与此同时，成年人在快速眼动睡眠上花费的时间更少)”可知，大脑可塑性和快速眼动睡眠之间存在关联，大脑可塑性越强，快速眼动睡眠越必要，故选B项。 35 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“However, some dream researchers have different views. They think although the blind mole rat does not see, it still experiences REM sleep.(然而，一些梦境研究者有不同的看法。他们认为，尽管鼹鼠看不见，但它仍然会经历快速眼动睡眠)”可知，一些梦境研究者发现尽管鼹鼠看不见，但它们仍然会经历快速眼动睡眠，这与Eagleman的理论相矛盾。由此推知，一些梦境研究者认为Eagleman的理论缺乏可信度，故选C项。 第二节(共5小题；每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 In psychology, the word “prove” is used carefully, much like a painter applies each brushstroke(笔触)with great care. Unlike the strong conclusions in physical sciences, psychological research builds a bigger picture through many small studies. ___36___ His discovery was not a sudden breakthrough but the result of hard and detailed work. Similarly, Elizabeth Loftus’s research doubts how accurate witness reports are. Instead of calling it “unreliable,” researchers use terms like “potential unreliability.” ___37___ So, they use words like “demonstrate” and “suggest” to show the uncertainty in their conclusions. ___38___ Instead, I teach my students to think critically about how to use it, much like a gardener who cares for plants. When students first use the word, I encourage them to think about factors that could challenge their conclusions. For example, I might ask them, “How do we know that not all participants had false memories?” Or, for French students, “Why might these findings not apply to French culture?” This approach helps students grasp the complexity of psychological research and develop critical thinking skills. It encourages them to reflect and analyze, helping them communicate their findings with accuracy. ___39___ In psychology, “proving” something is like building a symphony. ___40___ In education, teaching critical thinking and clear language use is essential for understanding the core of psychological research. A. This indicates that findings might change. B. In my classroom, I do not ban the word “prove.” C. Each piece of evidence adds to a larger understanding. D. Psychological theories are often revised as new evidence emerges. E. As a teacher, I often remind my students to use this word appropriately. F. This method also builds appreciation for the depth of psychological inquiry. G. For example, Eric Kandel spent years studying sea animals to learn how memory works. 【答案】36. G 37. A 38. B 39. F 40. C 【语篇导读】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了心理学研究中“证明”一词的谨慎使用，及其对学生批判性思维培养的重要性。 36. 由上文“Unlike the strong conclusions in physical sciences, psychological research builds a bigger picture through many small studies.(与物理科学中的强烈结论不同，心理学研究是通过许多小型研究来构建一个更大的图景)”可知，心理学研究是通过累积多个小研究的成果来形成整体理解的。本空应对心理学研究是如何通过长时间和细致的工作来取得成果的进行举例说明。G选项“For example, Eric Kandel spent years studying sea animals to learn how memory works.(例如，埃里克·坎德尔花了数年时间研究海洋动物，以了解记忆的工作原理)”提供了一个具体的例子，说明心理学研究是如何通过长时间和细致的工作来取得成果的。这与上文的观点相吻合，即通过多个小研究来构建对某一领域的整体理解，故选G。 37. 由上文“Similarly, Elizabeth Loftus’s research doubts how accurate witness reports are. Instead of calling it “unreliable,” researchers use terms like “potential unreliability.”(同样，伊丽莎白·洛夫图斯的研究对目击者报告的准确性表示怀疑。研究人员没有称其为“不可靠”，而是使用诸如“可能不可靠”之类的术语)”可知，心理学研究在表达结论时倾向于使用较为谨慎的措辞，本空应强调这么作的原因。A选项“This indicates that findings might change.(这表明研究结果可能会改变)”进一步说明了心理学研究结论的不确定性，即研究结果可能会随着新的证据或研究的深入而发生变化。这与上文的观点一致，即心理学研究在表达结论时更注重谨慎和不确定性，故选A。 38. 由下文“It encourages them to reflect and analyze, helping them communicate their findings with accuracy.(相反，我教我的学生批判性地思考如何使用它，就像园丁照顾植物一样)”可知，作者在教学上采取了一种不同于传统禁止某些词汇使用的做法，本空应强调作者的教学方法。B选项“In my classroom, I do not ban the word “prove.”(在我的课堂上，我不禁止使用“证明”这个词)”直接引出了下文的内容，即作者在教学上对于“证明”这个词的开放态度，故选B。 39. 由上文“This approach helps students grasp the complexity of psychological research and develop critical thinking skills. It encourages them to reflect and analyze, helping them communicate their findings with accuracy.(这种方法帮助学生掌握心理学研究的复杂性，并培养他们的批判性思维能力。它鼓励学生进行反思和分析，帮助他们准确地传达自己的发现)”可知，作者的教学方法有助于学生掌握心理学研究的复杂性，并培养他们的批判性思维能力，本空应继续强调这种做法的好处。F选项“This method also builds appreciation for the depth of psychological inquiry.(这种方法还增强了对心理学探究深度的欣赏)”进一步强调了这种教学方法的积极作用，即不仅有助于学生掌握知识和技能，还能增强他们对心理学研究的兴趣和欣赏。这与上文的观点相辅相成，符合题意，故选F。 40. 由上文“In psychology, “proving” something is like building a symphony.(在心理学中，“证明”某件事就像创作一部交响乐)”可知，心理学中的“证明”是一个复杂而细致的过程，需要多个元素和部分的协同作用，本空应强调每个部分对于整体的作用。C选项“Each piece of evidence adds to a larger understanding.(每一份证据都增加了对整体的理解)”与上文的比喻相呼应，即每一份证据就像交响乐中的一个音符，共同构成了对某一问题的整体理解。这与上文的观点一致，即心理学中的“证明”是一个需要累积多个证据和研究的过程，故选C。 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 When Michael Armus set foot into the Bank of the West in Woodland, California, he felt the tension. “Something’s not right.” None of the clerks greeted him as usual. As Armus ___41___ the clerk windows, he noticed the three employees with similar ___42___ looks on their faces and a man pulled his T-shirt up to hide his face. “This is a(n)___43___,” thought Armus. Minutes earlier, the man gave the clerk a note to ask for cash, claiming to have a gun. Armus realized that he had seen this guy before! He ___44___ the robber as someone on a street corner reading aloud from his Bible. Abruptly, instead of being scared, Armus felt ___45___ for him, and a thought ___46___ his mind: “Maybe I can help.” He walked over to the man, Eduardo Plasencia, and calmly asked, “What’s wrong?” Shocked and panicked, Plasencia looked at Armus and ___47___, “There is nothing in this town for me. Nothing!” “I heard something in his voice,” Armus said. “I imagined how ___48___ he was when throwing away his ___49___ like this. I’ve been down and out also. But I got another chance.” ___50___ everyone, he put his arm around Plasencia and said, “Let’ s go outside and talk about this.” Remarkably, Plasencia agreed and the two walked out of the bank. On the outside, Armus gave the man a ___51___, and Plasencia began to sob in his embrace. The two might have stood like that for hours ___52___ the police had not shown up. It turned out that Plasencia, who was ___53___ charged with attempted robbery, never had a gun. But Armus didn’t know that. The Woodland police spoke highly of Armus’ brave deed. However, he was far more  ___54___, simply saying, “The world needs more compassion, and love ___55___ all things.” 41. A. left B. approached C. broke D. cleaned 42. A. worried B. amazed C. indifferent D. curious 43. A. experiment B. accident C. theft D. robbery 44. A. appointed B. recognized C. mistook D. described 45. A. sympathy B. admiration C. anger D. gratitude 46. A. crossed B. fixed C. disturbed D. escaped 47. A. sighed B. whispered C. explained D. shouted 48. A. content B. desperate C. excited D. nervous 49. A. property B. dream C. waste D. life 50. A. Surprising B. Annoying C. Depressing D. Satisfying 51. A. kiss B. blow C. hug D. kick 52. A. when B. if C. unless D. once 53. A. casually B. unfortunately C. eventually D. suddenly 54. A. cautious B. gentle C. efficient D. modest 55. A. overcomes B. unites C. proves D. witnesses 【答案】 41. B 42. A 43. D 44. B 45. A 46. A 47. D 48. B 49. D 50. A 51. C 52. B 53. C 54. D 55. A 【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述一名叫做Armus的男子去银行期间，遇到一个熟识的人，因生活不顺遂抢劫银行，但Armus不惧危险，并劝解该男子停止犯罪，并最终劝解成功的故事。 41. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当阿穆斯走近柜台窗口时，他注意到三名员工脸上都带着类似的担忧表情，一名男子把他的T恤拉起来遮住脸。A. left离开；B. approached接近，靠近；C. broke折断；D. cleaned清洁。根据上文“When Michael Armus set foot into the Bank of the West in Woodland”可知，Armus进入银行办理业务，需要走进柜台窗口，故选B。 42. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. worried担忧的；B. amazed惊讶的；C. indifferent不感兴趣的；D. curious好奇的。根据下文“Minutes earlier, the man gave the clerk a note to ask for cash, claiming to have a gun.”可知，此处男子持枪抢劫，因此柜员是惊恐害怕的，所以脸上的表情是担忧害怕，故选A。 43. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“这是抢劫，”阿姆斯想。A. experiment实验；B. accident意外；C. theft偷盗；D. robbery抢劫。根据上文“Minutes earlier, the man gave the clerk a note to ask for cash, claiming to have a gun.”可知，此处Armus能判断出男子是在持枪抢劫，故选D。 44. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：阿穆斯意识到他以前见过这个家伙！他认出那个强盗是在街角大声朗读《圣经》的人。A. appointed指定；B. recognized认出；C. mistook误认为；D. described描述。根据上文“Armus realized that he had seen this guy before!”可知，此处Armus认出了抢劫男子，故选B。 45. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：突然，Armus非但不害怕，反而同情他，一个念头闪过他的脑海：“也许我能帮上忙。” A. sympathy同情；B. admiration欣赏；C. anger愤怒；D. gratitude感恩。根据下文“Maybe I can help.”可知，Armus对该男子产生怜悯之心，因此想要帮助该男子，故选A。 46. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：突然，Armus非但不害怕，反而同情他，一个念头闪过他的脑海：“也许我能帮上忙。” A. crossed(表情，想法)闪过，略过；B. fixed修理；D. disturbed打扰；B. escaped逃跑。根据下文“‘Maybe I can help.’He walked over to the man, Eduardo Plasencia, and calmly asked, ‘What’s wrong?’”可知，Armus思考之后打算帮助劝解这名男子。因此此处表示这一想法在Armus脑海中闪过，故选A。 47. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Plasencia又震惊又惊慌，看着阿莫斯喊道：“这个镇上没有我的东西。没有什么!” A. sighed叹气；B. whispered耳语；C. explained解释；D. shouted嚷叫。根据上文“Shocked and panicked”以及下文“There is nothing in this town for me. Nothing!”可知，一无所有的Plasencia此时惊恐害怕，因此会大声嚷叫，故选D。 48. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我可以想象他这样丢掉性命是多么绝望。我也曾穷困潦倒过。A. content满意的；B. desperate绝望的；C. excited兴奋的；D. nervous紧张的。根据下文“There is nothing in this town for me. Nothing!”可知，Plasencia因为一无所有而感到绝望，故选B。 49. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我可以想象他这样丢掉性命是多么绝望。我也曾穷困潦倒过。A. property财产，所有物；B. dream梦想；C. waste垃圾；D. life生命。根据上文“There is nothing in this town for me. Nothing!”可知，Plasencia一无所有，因此绝望之下冒生命危险抢劫犯罪，故选D。 50. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：令所有人吃惊的是，他搂着Plasencia说：“我们出去谈谈这件事吧。” A. Surprising使震惊；B. Annoying使恼怒；C. Depressing使压抑；D. Satisfying使满意。根据上文“Minutes earlier, the man gave the clerk a note to ask for cash, claiming to have a gun.”以及下文“he put his arm around Plasencia”可知，在面临Plasencia 声称持枪抢劫时，Armus依然走上前去拥抱，想要劝解他。这一行为在其他人看来是极具危险的行为，让人震惊，故选A。 51. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在外面，Armus给了那个人一个拥抱，Plasencia在他怀里开始哭泣。A. kiss吻；B. blow鞠躬；C. hug拥抱；D. kick踢。根据下文“Plasencia began to sob in his embrace.”可知，此处Armus拥抱了Plasencia，故选C。 52. 考查连词词义辨析。句意：如果警察没有出现，这两个人可能就那样站了好几个小时。A. when当……时；B. if如果；C. unless除非；D. once一旦。此处连词引导的是状语从句，根据主句“The two might have stood like that for hours”及从句“the police had not shown up.”，可知，在警察出现之前，Armus一直在劝解Plasencia。因此此处表达如果警察没有到来，Armus可能会一直陪伴劝解 Plasencia，故选B。 53. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：结果发现，最终被指控抢劫未遂的Plasencia从未拥有枪支。A. casually随意地；B. unfortunately不幸地；C. eventually最终；D. suddenly突然地。根据下文“The Woodland police spoke highly of Armus’ brave deed.”可知，警察最终到达现场处理了这一事件，故选C。 54. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：警方高度赞扬了Armus的英勇行为。然而，他要谦虚得多，只是说：“世界需要更多的爱，爱能战胜一切。” A. cautious谨慎的；B. gentle绅士的；C. efficient有效的；D. modest谦逊的。根据下文“simply saying, “The world needs more compassion”可知，Armus并未强调是自己的功劳，而是因为对Plasencia的同情及爱，才成功劝解Plasencia停止抢劫。因此可知，Armus很谦逊，故选D。 55. 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。 A. overcomes克服，战胜；B. unites团结；C. proves证明；D. witnesses见证。根据上文“he put his arm around Plasencia and said, “Let’ s go outside and talk about this.” Remarkably, Plasencia agreed and the two walked out of the bank.”可知，因为Armus对Plasencia的同情，并对他进行劝解，最终Plasencia终止抢劫的行为。由此可知，此处是爱帮助Plasencia克服了犯罪行为，最终停止犯罪，故选A。 第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分 ，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Filigree Mosaic(花丝镶嵌)art is a traditional Chinese handicraft that began during the Spring and Autumn Period and flourished in the Ming and Qing dynasties. Four main crafts, ___56___(specific)including making fine metal threads, adding jewels, carving designs, and shaping the base, are involved in the art, ___57___ a product needs to go through about 100 procedures. By the mid-20th century, this art had been nearly lost. In the 1950s, five Beijing companies joined to create a factory, which had revived this traditional art from almost ___58___(extinct). Filigree Mosaic art ___59___ (recognize)as a national-level intangible cultural heritage in 2008. Dong Ruijing, ___60___ Beijing native born in 1970, began learning the art at age 15. In 2006, he set up his own team ___61___(continue)developing the art. For more than three decades, Dong and his apprentices(徒弟)have been dedicated to the innovation of the art, ___62___(integrate)it with other crafts such as lacquer carving and enamel art. In 2023, he launched a project on cultivating(培养)new-generation Filigree Mosaic ___63___ (professional)in Beijing, Tianjin, and Hebei. ___64___ the challenges, his passion for the traditional art drives him to keep the tradition alive. He believes the future of Filigree Mosaic art lies in creating ___65___(innovate)designs that suit modern tastes and everyday use. 【答案】 56. specifically 57. where 58. extinction 59. was recognized 60. a 61. to continue 62. integrating 63. professionals 64. Despite 65. innovative 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了花丝镶嵌这一中国传统手工艺的发展历程、制作工艺，还讲述了董瑞京为传承和创新该技艺所做的努力。 56. 考查副词。句意：这项艺术涉及四种主要工艺，具体包括制作精细的金属丝、添加珠宝、雕刻图案和塑造底座，其中一件产品需要经过大约100道工序。提示词修饰介词短语“including making fine metal threads...”,副词specifically作状语，意为“具体地”，故填specifically。 57. 考查定语从句。句意：这项艺术涉及四种主要工艺，具体包括制作精细的金属丝、添加珠宝、雕刻图案和塑造底座，其中一件产品需要经过大约100道工序。“... a product needs to go through about 100 procedures”是一个非限定性定语从句，修饰先行词the art，关系词将其代入从句中作地点状语，表示“在这项艺术中”，是抽象地点状语，用关系副词where引导从句，故填where。 58. 考查名词。句意：20世纪50年代，北京的五家公司联合创办了一家工厂，使这一传统艺术从几乎灭绝的状态中得以复兴。提示词作介词from后宾语，用名词extinction，意为“灭绝，消亡”，不可数名词，故填extinction。 59. 考查时态语态。句意：2008年，花丝镶嵌艺术被认定为国家级非物质文化遗产。recognize(认可，承认)是谓语动词，与主语Filigree Mosaic art之间是被动关系，结合时间状语“in 2008”可知，讲述过去的事情用一般过去时态，主语是不可数名词，谓语动词用单数形式，故填was recognized。 60. 考查冠词。句意：董瑞京，一位1970年出生的北京本地人，15岁开始学习这项艺术。可数名词native在句中表示“一位本地人”，泛指，且Beijing的发音是以辅音音素开头，所以用不定冠词a修饰，故填a。 61. 考查非谓语动词。句意：2006年，他成立了自己的团队来继续发展这项艺术。根据句意，“(continue)developing the art”是“set up his own team”的目的，用不定式作目的状语，故填to continue。 62. 考查非谓语动词。句意：三十多年来，董和他的徒弟们一直致力于这项艺术的创新，将其与漆雕、珐琅等其他工艺相结合。“(integrate)it with other crafts such as lacquer carving and enamel art”作伴随状语，integrate(结合)是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语Dong and his apprentices之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词表主动，故填integrating。 63. 考查名词。句意：2023年，他在北京、天津和河北发起了一个培养新一代花丝镶嵌专业人才的项目。可数名词professional作宾语，意为“人才”，结合常识和句意，要培养的新一代花丝镶嵌专业人才不止一人，用复数形式表示泛指，故填professionals。 64. 考查介词。句意：尽管面临挑战，但他对传统艺术的热情驱使他让这一传统延续下去。根据句意，名词“the challenges”与后文“his passion for the traditional art drives him to keep the tradition alive”有让步转折关系，用介词despite(尽管)构成介宾短语作状语；句首单词首字母大写，故填Despite。 65. 考查形容词。句意：他认为花丝镶嵌艺术的未来在于创造适合现代品味和日常使用的创新设计。提示词修饰名词designs，用形容词innovative作定语，表示“创新的”，故填innovative。 第四部分 写作(共两节, 满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 66. 学校英文报就高三学生体育锻炼情况开展调查。请你根据图表内容，以“Sports and Health”为题写一篇短文。 内容包括：1. 调查结果； 2. 概述原因； 3. 你的看法。 每日体育运动时长调查结果 注意：1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡上的相应位置作答。 Sports and Health __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Sports and Health Our school English newspaper conducted a survey on how much time Senior 3 students spend on sports every day. The results show that only 4% of students play sports for more than 30 minutes. About 30% do it for 20 to 30 minutes, but 60% only play for less than 20 minutes. Sadly, 6% don’t do any sports. This is horrible! I think the main reason is that students are very busy with their studies and have less time for sports. But doing sports is so important for our health. Schools, I think, should encourage students to do more sports by having fun activities after school and making sure there are enough places to play. 【导语】本篇书面表达属于图表作文。要求考生根据学校英文报对高三学生体育锻炼情况的调查结果，以“Sports and Health”为题写一篇短文，需涵盖调查结果、概述原因及个人看法。 【详解】 【词汇积累】 开展调查：conduct a survey → carry out a survey 表明：show → indicate 糟糕的：horrible → awful 确保：make sure → ensure/guarantee 【句式拓展】 原 句：Sadly, 6% don’t do any sports. This is horrible! 拓展句：Sadly, 6% don’t do any sports, which is horrible! 【高分句型】 1. The results show that only 4% of students play sports for more than 30 minutes. (运用了连接词that引导宾语从句) 2. I think the main reason is that students are very busy with their studies and have less time for sports. (运用了省略了连接词that的宾语从句和连接词that引导表语从句) 第二节(满分25分) 67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 In a quiet town located between rolling hills and vast forests lived a girl named Aria. She had grown up surrounded by nature’s wonders — the sparkling(波光粼粼的)river that flowed through the town, the towering trees that whispered secrets in the wind, and the fields that burst into colors every spring. Aria’s favorite spot was a towering oak tree at the edge of the forest, which her grandmother used to say had been standing there for over a hundred years. For as long as she could remember, Aria had found peace beneath its branches. It was her place where the world felt right, and everything seemed eternal. But over the years, things started to change. The village with towering trees had been replaced by a place with modern buildings and shopping centers, where plastic bags and waste can be seen everywhere. The paths hidden in the town had been turned into broad roads. Winters grew warmer, the river ran lower, and the once-lively fields seemed to lose their energy. Every season felt different, more unpredictable than the last. One day, as Aria sat beneath the oak tree, she noticed something that made her upset. The tree, which had once been full of life, had begun to lose its leaves far earlier than usual. It wasn’t autumn, yet the leaves were dry and brittle(脆弱的), falling one by one with wind. She pressed her hand against the trunk. It seemed weaker somehow, as if the tree was trying to hold on. “Why are you losing your leaves?” Aria whispered to the oak. Of course, the tree didn’t answer, but deep down, she knew the cause. For years, Aria had heard talks of climate change—on the news, in her school, in conversations between her parents — but it always felt distant, like something happening far away. Now, it was right here in front of her, affecting the place she loved most. 注意：1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: Determined to find the exact answer, Aria set off to the library. ____________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: The next day, Aria organized a meeting at the town hall, where she shared what she had learned with her friends and family. ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Determined to find the exact answer, Aria set off to the library. She pored over books about the environment. The more she learned, the more she realized how serious the problem was. With trees being destroyed and more cars pouring into the streets, exhaust gas polluted the air severely. All these contributed to rising global temperatures, speeding up the aging process of the leaves. After weeks of research, Aria sat sadly beneath the oak tree, knowing that it was also a victim of the warming planet. “We still have time,” she said, as if reassuring the oak tree. The next day, Aria organized a meeting at the town hall, where she shared what she had learned with her friends and family. She encouraged everyone to plant trees, and switch to renewable energy. At first, not everyone understood the urgency. But Aria didn’t give up persuading them. Slowly, people around her began to change. To her joy, solar products appeared on their rooftops, and gardens were planted in backyards. Aria’s determination spread, and soon neighboring towns joined in, creating a movement that extended far beyond her small community. 【文本解读】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Aria成长于自然美景环绕的小镇，她最爱的橡树出现异常，Aria意识到是气候变化所致，决心探寻答案并采取行动。 【详解】 【续写衔接】 ①第一段首句“Aria决心找到确切的答案，便出发去了图书馆”可知，第一段可描写Aria在图书馆展开研究，详细描述她的学习过程、发现的问题以及对橡树现状的理解。 ②第二段首句“第二天，Aria在市政厅组织了一次会议，与朋友和家人分享了她所学到的知识”可知，第二段可描写 Aria将自己的发现分享给大家，详细描述人们的反应、Aria的劝说以及最终引发的改变。 【续写线索】去图书馆研究——发现环境问题——橡树是受害者——组织会议分享——起初遭质疑 ——坚持劝说——人们开始改变——影响扩大 【词汇激活】 行为类： ①研究：pore over/research into ②导致：contribute to/lead to ③劝说：persuade/convince 情绪类： ①伤心地：sadly/sorrowfully ②开心：joy/pleasure/delight 【高分句型】 1. The more she learned, the more she realized how serious the problem was. (运用了the+比较级，the+比较级结构和how引导的宾语从句) 2. Aria’s determination spread, and soon neighboring towns joined in, creating a movement that extended far beyond her small community.(运用了现在分词短语作状语) 试卷第2页，共22页 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 1 / 2 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 绝密★启用前 2025年高考考前信息必刷卷(江苏专用)02 英 语 (考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分) 高考·新动向 为了保持稳定，我们完全有理由相信，2025新高考仍将延续2024的命题思路，但是会“稳中求变”。怎么“求变”？笔者以为主要体现在以下三个“强化”：一是聚焦立德树人，强化高考育人功能；二是助力人才选拔培养，强化思维品质考查；三是发挥正向引导作用，强化推动高中教学提质增效。(以上参看信息卷01的说明)。除了以上三个“强化”以外，2025年是否会在“冷点”上做文章。比如：写作第一节的命题会不会出现2022年全国乙卷的图表类写作，我们拭目以待。再比如：七选五的选材历年高考多青睐说明文体裁，那么2025新高考是不是可能换成其他体裁(如：议论文)呢，我们有理由相信有这个可能。 高考·新考法 本套“考前信息必刷卷(江苏专用)”命题思路概述： 1. 体现“难度”：整套试题难度系数控制在0.6±0.01。其中，阅读理解D篇和七选五以及完形填空难度系数大约为0.4；其中阅读理解C篇的“配得感(entitlement)”话题，考生可能不甚了解，无疑给考生读懂文本带来了不小的挑战； 2. 兼顾“广度”：四选一阅读理解题兼顾了应用文(A篇)、记叙文(B篇)、议论文(C篇)和说明文(D篇)四种体裁，且“细节理解题、推理判断题、主旨大意题及词义猜测题”均有所考查； 3. 关注“冷点”：七选五选择了议论文的体裁文本；第一节写作选择了“图表类”写作的题型。 命题·大预测 四选一阅读理解题C篇探讨了“配得感(entitlement)”这一人格特质，它以过分的应得感和优越感为特征，以激发学生学习新知识的欲望。七选五旨在引领学生认识到培养批判性思维的重要性，逐步提升自己的核心素养；语法填空引导学生关注传统文化、传承中国文化；写作第一节提醒学生密切关注“冷点题型”，积累有关素材。 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分 30 分) 第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A，B，C三个选项中选择最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A，B，C三个选项中选择最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读每个小题，每小题5秒钟，听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 1. How long does it take Bus 3 to get to Los Angeles? A. Three hours. B. Four hours. C. Five hours. 2. Where did the man leave his wallet? A. At the supermarket. B. In the bank. C. In the classroom. 3. When will the man see the doctor? A. At 11: 00 a. m. B. At 10: 00 a. m. C. At 4: 00 p. m. 4. Why does the woman come to the man? A. To check into a hotel. B. To apply for a job. C. To get a new bed. 5. What was the woman always worried about according to the man? A. The view of the garden. B. The safety of the man. C. The fruit of the tree. 听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。 6. What does the woman recommend? A. Opening an account. B. Closing the account. C. Checking the account. 7. What is the woman going to do next? A. Give the man some cash. B. Make a demonstration. C. Show another product. 听下面一段对话，回答第8至第10三个小题 8. Why did the woman go to New York? A. To have meetings. B. To go sightseeing. C. To study a program. 9. What may help avoid jet lag? A. Coffee. B. Alcohol. C. Exercise. 10. What did the woman say about most passengers? A. They preferred alcohol. B. They liked to do exercises. C. They could hardly make a choice. 听下面一段对话，回答第11至13三个小题 11. Where are the speakers? A. At a clothing store. B. At their house. C. At a travel agency. 12. How long will the speakers be on the trip? A. For two days. B. For five days. C. For seven days. 13. What does the woman suggest the man do? A. Pack more clothes. B. Test the suitcase. C. Wear his jackets. 听下面一段对话，回答第14至17四个小题 14. How many showings are there at the weekend? A. 4. B. 5. C. 6. 15. Why can’t the man buy tickets for the 11 pm showing tonight? A. There aren’t enough tickets left. B. A friend of his can’t make it. C. He thinks it is too late. 16. What day is it? A. Saturday. B. Friday. C. Sunday. 17. Which showing does the man end up buying tickets for? A. The noon one today. B. The 8 pm one today. C. The midnight one tomorrow. 听下面一段独白，回答第18至20三个小题 18. What is the purpose of the gathering? A. To introduce the staff band. B. To celebrate the professor’s retirement. C. To announce the cancellation of exams. 19. What will Mr. Hopkins do in his free time? A. Become a gardener. B. Become a guitarist. C. Become a beekeeper. 20. What will the students do in the next semester? A. Study with a new teacher. B. Study playing the guitar. C. Study independently. 第二部分 阅读(共两节, 满分50分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A In the highly competitive college admissions landscape, extracurriculars are often the key differentiators(区分因素). Academic competitions not only highlight your intellectual abilities but also help demonstrate teamwork and problem-solving skills. The Slingshot Challenge The Slingshot Challenge is an initiative by the National Geographic Society that encourages young people aged 13 to 18 to come up with innovative solutions to environmental issues. Participants can submit a one-minute video outlining their ideas for a chance to win up to $10,000 in funding to implement their projects. Chemical Educational Foundation’s The Challenge Although it’s only open to middle school students in grades 5-8, the Chemical Education Foundation’s The Challenge is an opportunity for budding scientists to explore their interests in STEM fields! Teams of 3-4participants compete in exciting, time-based rounds of questions and responses. Additionally, teams get to create original videos to “launch a start-up company” around community-based sustainability solutions. John Locke Institute Competition The John Locke Institute is a unique essay competition for high schoolers. The top prize is one of the most exciting writing awards for high schoolers in the country. Participants can select one of three topics to address in a 2,000-word essay. The topics change from year to year but always relate to philosophy, politics, history, law, theology, economics, or psychology. National Young Composers Challenge The National Young Composers Challenge is a wonderful competition for instrumental composers between 13 and 18 years old in the United States. Participants are asked to submit one original composition, either for orchestra or for a small(2-6 instruments)ensemble. The compositions. must be under five minutes. The top three composers in each category receive cash prizes, as well as professional performances and recordings of their works! 21. Which requires participants to submit articles? A. The Slingshot Challenge B. Chemical Educational Foundation’s The Challenge C. John Locke Institute Competition D. National Young Composers Challenge 22. What do The Slingshot Challenge and National Young Composers Challenge have in common? A. Participants are required to submit videos. B. Participants focus on environmental problems. C. Winners will obtain professional suggestions. D. Winners will be financially rewarded. 23. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A. To show the process of college admission. B. To recommend contests for students. C. To stress the importance of extracurriculars. D. To demonstrate skills required for competitions. B Susan Tsang’s journey to becoming a field biologist is as unconventional as it is inspiring. Growing up in New York City, Susan spent four hours daily on commute(通勤)to school, leaving little time for outdoor exploration. It made her an unlikely candidate for a career in field biology. Susan’s enthusiasm for the natural world was fueled during a visit to the American Museum of Natural History. The dinosaur fossils(化石)awakened her desire to explore nature, which eventually led her to pursue a PhD program focused on bat biology. Susan’s first field exploration was to Indonesia, with the task of catching wild bats. With her advisor unable to help, Susan teamed up with Sigit, an experienced local researcher. They excitedly set up net s for trapping bats near a waterfall. While preparing their equipment, they discovered a bamboo structure leaking fresh water. Thinking it might be useful for their base camp, they tried to fix it, only to have water erupt everywhere, soaking(浸湿)them completely. Unfortunately, a storm was approaching. Realizing their day was lost, they walked back to base camp. They talked and laughed, forming a deep bond. This adventure provided Susan with not only practical skills but also an invaluable lesson about adaptability and teamwork. It enhanced the significance of practical experience. She recognized that true understanding comes from directly observing the subjects of study — views that cannot be gained only from textbooks. Over the years, whenever faced with doubts regarding her capability; she remembers what her advisor told her about the experience, “The first day you came back, completely wet, yet genuinely happy. The next day you went right back out. That’s when I knew this is where you truly belonged.” Susan Tsang’s journey illustrates the transformative power of experience and perseverance. From a city girl to a committed field biologist, Susan’s success highlights the importance of pursuing one’s enthusiasm, no matter the odds. 24. What inspired Susan’s interest for the natural world? A. A museum visit. B. Her daily trip to school. C. A field exploration. D. Her childhood education. 25. What does paragraph 3 mainly describe about Susan’s first field experience? A. Its objective. B. Its discovery. C. Its approach. D. Its challenge. 26. How did the trip to Indonesia influence Susan? A. She changed her understanding of nature. B. It brought her doubts about her capability. C. She developed a sense of career belonging. D. It deepened knowledge gained in the book. 27. What accounted for Susan’s change? A. The power of passion. B. The pursuit of perfection. C. The return to the wild. D. The contribution to biology. C The next time you’re feeling depressed or angry at the world, ask yourself if you’ve really been dealt a poor hand — or if, just maybe, you were expecting too much. That’s one message that can be drawn from a recent study on entitlement, a personality trait characterized by exaggerated feelings of deservingness and superiority. Entitlement may lead to constant disappointment, say researchers from Case Western Reserve University. The authors reached these conclusions after analyzing more than 170 academic papers. They found that people who possess high levels. of entitlement consistently fall victim to a three-part cycle: First, they don’t always get everything they think they deserve, leaving them constantly vulnerable to unmet expectations. Those unmet expectations are then perceived as injustices, leading to emotions like anger and sadness. Finally, to justify those emotions, entitled people reassure themselves of their own specialness. This helps them feel better temporarily, but ultimately starts the process all over again. At extreme levels, entitled people repeatedly expose themselves to the risk of feeling frustrated and disappointed with life. They also tend to suffer from poor relationships, interpersonal conflicts, and depression, says co-author Julie Exline, PhD, a professor of psychological sciences at Case Western Reserve. “So much of entitlement is about competition — being better or more deserving than other people, ”she told Health. com. “It really sets in opposition to society, and it can be very isolating. ” “It’s not easy for true narcissists(自恋者)to see themselves for what they are, or to change their way of thinking.” Exline says. But she does believe that, for many well-intentioned people, feelings of entitlement can be controlled. “Conditioning yourself to think about other people and what they deserve—and also being willing to admit your own faults and weaknesses — can help you feel more connected to others, ” she says. We should be also aware that not all feelings of entitlement are wrong or bad: We shouldn’t just lower our standards or stop expecting things we truly do deserve, just so we can be happier. But if you do notice that you’ve developed an overblown sense of self — and it’s causing you to be annoyed or not get along with others — you can definitely try to do something about it. 28. What causes entitled people to be trapped in a three-part cycle? A. Consistent negative emotions. B. A strong sense of self-awareness. C. Constant self-pity and helplessness. D. Unrealistic expectations and frustration. 29. What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A. The reason for entitlement. B. The benefits of competition. C. The negative effects of entitlement. D. The importance of connecting with others. 30. What might be Exline’s suggestion for entitled people? A. Change your mindset to one of competitiveness. B. Focus on your own achievements and superiority. C. Prioritize personal goals over considering others’ needs. D. Place yourself into others’ position and reflect on yourself. 31. Which word best describes the author’s attitude to entitlement? A. Balanced. B. Critical. C. Supportive. D. Tolerant. D Dreams have fascinated people for years, yet we struggle to understand their purpose. Some theories suggest dreams help us deal with emotions, solve problems or manage hidden desires. Others suggest they clean up brain waste or make memories stronger. David Eagleman, a neuroscientist at Stanford University, suggests another theory. It takes into account that the human brain has an ability called neuroplasticity(神经可塑性)—certain areas are able to take on new tasks. He argues the brain distributes its resources by “carrying out a do-or-die competition” for brain territory where sensory areas “gain or lose neural territory when inputs slow, stop or shift”. “For example, people who lose sight or hearing show heightened sensitivity in the remaining senses,” says Eagleman. When we sleep, we can smell, hear and feel, but visual information is absent - except during rapid eye movement(REM)sleep. About 90 minutes after falling sleep, we enter REM sleep. It begins when neurons in your brain stem signal the beginning of two important tasks. Activity of these neurons, for one, paralyze motor nerves, hampering the sleeper’s acting out what is happening in the dream. Also, they send messages directly to the visual cortex(皮层), which starts the dreaming process. As long as the neurons in the visual cortex are actively performing their job, they won’t be taken over by nearby neurons that process other sensory information. Dreams are the brain’s way of fighting the takeover from other senses. Eagleman argues that the more plastic the brain is, the more necessary REM sleep is for performing a defense. For babies to develop properly, they must sleep a lot, spending almost 50 percent of their time in REM sleep. But as people age, their brains become less flexible. At the same time, adults spend less time on REM sleep. Deirdre Leigh Barrett, a psychologist at Harvard University, says, “Eagleman’s theory is very convincing.” However, some dream researchers have different views. They think although the blind mole rat does not see, it still experiences REM sleep. Yet some evolutionary adaptations are features that were useful in the past but have become less significant as animals have evolved. So perhaps there was no pressure for blind mole rats to lose REM activity as they evolved without vision. 32. Why does Eagleman mention the example in paragraph 2? A. To show the brain is highly adaptive. B. To prove the neurons can repair themselves. C. To explain the significance of the five senses. D. To illustrate the unevenness of the brain resource. 33 What does the underlined word “hampering” in paragraph 3 mean? A. Conducting. B. Preventing. C. Spotting. D. Stimulating. 34. What can be inferred from Eagleman’s statements in paragraph 4? A. Brain plasticity increases as people get older. B. REM sleep and brain plasticity are interrelated. C. Adults need more sleep to keep fit than babies. D. People’s aging process has little effect on REM sleep. 35. What do some dream researchers think of Eagleman’s theory? A. Its application is limited. B. Its theoretical basis is novel. C. It lacks credibility. D. It agrees with evolutionary laws. 第二节(共5小题；每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 In psychology, the word “prove” is used carefully, much like a painter applies each brushstroke(笔触)with great care. Unlike the strong conclusions in physical sciences, psychological research builds a bigger picture through many small studies. ___36___ His discovery was not a sudden breakthrough but the result of hard and detailed work. Similarly, Elizabeth Loftus’s research doubts how accurate witness reports are. Instead of calling it “unreliable,” researchers use terms like “potential unreliability.” ___37___ So, they use words like “demonstrate” and “suggest” to show the uncertainty in their conclusions. ___38___ Instead, I teach my students to think critically about how to use it, much like a gardener who cares for plants. When students first use the word, I encourage them to think about factors that could challenge their conclusions. For example, I might ask them, “How do we know that not all participants had false memories?” Or, for French students, “Why might these findings not apply to French culture?” This approach helps students grasp the complexity of psychological research and develop critical thinking skills. It encourages them to reflect and analyze, helping them communicate their findings with accuracy. ___39___ In psychology, “proving” something is like building a symphony. ___40___ In education, teaching critical thinking and clear language use is essential for understanding the core of psychological research. A. This indicates that findings might change. B. In my classroom, I do not ban the word “prove.” C. Each piece of evidence adds to a larger understanding. D. Psychological theories are often revised as new evidence emerges. E. As a teacher, I often remind my students to use this word appropriately. F. This method also builds appreciation for the depth of psychological inquiry. G. For example, Eric Kandel spent years studying sea animals to learn how memory works. 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 When Michael Armus set foot into the Bank of the West in Woodland, California, he felt the tension. “Something’s not right.” None of the clerks greeted him as usual. As Armus ___41___ the clerk windows, he noticed the three employees with similar ___42___ looks on their faces and a man pulled his T-shirt up to hide his face. “This is a(n)___43___,” thought Armus. Minutes earlier, the man gave the clerk a note to ask for cash, claiming to have a gun. Armus realized that he had seen this guy before! He ___44___ the robber as someone on a street corner reading aloud from his Bible. Abruptly, instead of being scared, Armus felt ___45___ for him, and a thought ___46___ his mind: “Maybe I can help.” He walked over to the man, Eduardo Plasencia, and calmly asked, “What’s wrong?” Shocked and panicked, Plasencia looked at Armus and ___47___, “There is nothing in this town for me. Nothing!” “I heard something in his voice,” Armus said. “I imagined how ___48___ he was when throwing away his ___49___ like this. I’ve been down and out also. But I got another chance.” ___50___ everyone, he put his arm around Plasencia and said, “Let’ s go outside and talk about this.” Remarkably, Plasencia agreed and the two walked out of the bank. On the outside, Armus gave the man a ___51___, and Plasencia began to sob in his embrace. The two might have stood like that for hours ___52___ the police had not shown up. It turned out that Plasencia, who was ___53___ charged with attempted robbery, never had a gun. But Armus didn’t know that. The Woodland police spoke highly of Armus’ brave deed. However, he was far more  ___54___, simply saying, “The world needs more compassion, and love ___55___ all things.” 41. A. left B. approached C. broke D. cleaned 42. A. worried B. amazed C. indifferent D. curious 43. A. experiment B. accident C. theft D. robbery 44. A. appointed B. recognized C. mistook D. described 45. A. sympathy B. admiration C. anger D. gratitude 46. A. crossed B. fixed C. disturbed D. escaped 47. A. sighed B. whispered C. explained D. shouted 48. A. content B. desperate C. excited D. nervous 49. A. property B. dream C. waste D. life 50. A. Surprising B. Annoying C. Depressing D. Satisfying 51. A. kiss B. blow C. hug D. kick 52. A. when B. if C. unless D. once 53. A. casually B. unfortunately C. eventually D. suddenly 54. A. cautious B. gentle C. efficient D. modest 55. A. overcomes B. unites C. proves D. witnesses 第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分 ，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Filigree Mosaic(花丝镶嵌)art is a traditional Chinese handicraft that began during the Spring and Autumn Period and flourished in the Ming and Qing dynasties. Four main crafts, ___56___(specific)including making fine metal threads, adding jewels, carving designs, and shaping the base, are involved in the art, ___57___ a product needs to go through about 100 procedures. By the mid-20th century, this art had been nearly lost. In the 1950s, five Beijing companies joined to create a factory, which had revived this traditional art from almost ___58___(extinct). Filigree Mosaic art ___59___ (recognize)as a national-level intangible cultural heritage in 2008. Dong Ruijing, ___60___ Beijing native born in 1970, began learning the art at age 15. In 2006, he set up his own team ___61___(continue)developing the art. For more than three decades, Dong and his apprentices(徒弟)have been dedicated to the innovation of the art, ___62___(integrate)it with other crafts such as lacquer carving and enamel art. In 2023, he launched a project on cultivating(培养)new-generation Filigree Mosaic ___63___ (professional)in Beijing, Tianjin, and Hebei. ___64___ the challenges, his passion for the traditional art drives him to keep the tradition alive. He believes the future of Filigree Mosaic art lies in creating ___65___(innovate)designs that suit modern tastes and everyday use. 第四部分 写作(共两节, 满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 66. 学校英文报就高三学生体育锻炼情况开展调查。请你根据图表内容，以“Sports and Health”为题写一篇短文。 内容包括：1. 调查结果； 2. 概述原因； 3. 你的看法。 每日体育运动时长调查结果 注意：1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡上的相应位置作答。 Sports and Health __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节(满分25分) 67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 In a quiet town located between rolling hills and vast forests lived a girl named Aria. She had grown up surrounded by nature’s wonders — the sparkling(波光粼粼的)river that flowed through the town, the towering trees that whispered secrets in the wind, and the fields that burst into colors every spring. Aria’s favorite spot was a towering oak tree at the edge of the forest, which her grandmother used to say had been standing there for over a hundred years. For as long as she could remember, Aria had found peace beneath its branches. It was her place where the world felt right, and everything seemed eternal. But over the years, things started to change. The village with towering trees had been replaced by a place with modern buildings and shopping centers, where plastic bags and waste can be seen everywhere. The paths hidden in the town had been turned into broad roads. Winters grew warmer, the river ran lower, and the once-lively fields seemed to lose their energy. Every season felt different, more unpredictable than the last. One day, as Aria sat beneath the oak tree, she noticed something that made her upset. The tree, which had once been full of life, had begun to lose its leaves far earlier than usual. It wasn’t autumn, yet the leaves were dry and brittle(脆弱的), falling one by one with wind. She pressed her hand against the trunk. It seemed weaker somehow, as if the tree was trying to hold on. “Why are you losing your leaves?” Aria whispered to the oak. Of course, the tree didn’t answer, but deep down, she knew the cause. For years, Aria had heard talks of climate change—on the news, in her school, in conversations between her parents — but it always felt distant, like something happening far away. Now, it was right here in front of her, affecting the place she loved most. 注意：1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: Determined to find the exact answer, Aria set off to the library. ____________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: The next day, Aria organized a meeting at the town hall, where she shared what she had learned with her friends and family. ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 试卷第2页，共22页 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 1 / 2 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$