精品解析：吉林省东北师范大学附属中学2024-2025学年高三下学期开学英语试题

2024-2025学年东北师大附中高三年级(英语)科试卷 下学期假期作业验收考试 考试时长: 120分钟 满分: 150分 第I卷 选择题(满分95分) 第一部分 听力(1-20小题)在笔试结束后进行。 听力(共两节, 满分30分) 第一节(共5小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What’s the relationship between the two speakers? A. Husband and wife. B. Teacher and student. C. Shop assistant and customer. 2. What does the woman want to do? A. Get her car fixed. B. Ask for directions. C. Look for a gas station. 3. When does the restaurant stop serving breakfast? A. At 10:20. B. At 10:40. C. At 10:45. 4. Where does the conversation take place? A. In a teahouse. B. In a kitchen. C. In an office. 5. What will the speakers do for the weekend? A. Go shopping. B. Enjoy some food. C. Go hiking. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟; 听完后, 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料, 回答第6、7题。 6. How did the thief probably get into the house? A. Through the window. B. Through the back door. C. Through the front door. 7. What will the woman probably do next? A. Report to the police. B. Get the damaged lock repaired. C. Write down a list of lost things. 听第7段材料, 回答第8至10题。 8. What is Steve busy doing right now? A. Writing music. B. Forming a band. C. Preparing for examinations. 9 Why does Steve choose the music hall for the concert? A. The sound effect there will be good. B. There is enough space for the audience. C. It’s the only place that hasn’t been booked yet. 10. When will the concert take place? A. Next Tuesday. B. Next Thursday. C. Next weekend. 听第8段材料, 回答第11至13题。 11. What has the weather been like in the UK recently? A. Rainy. B. Hot. C. Windy, 12. What is the problem with humans according to Aimee? A. Not respecting science. B. Denying climate change. C. Doing bad things to the earth. 13. What is the man’s attitude towards the climate change theory? A. Supportive. B. Doubtful. C. Critical. 听第9段材料, 回答第14至17题。 14. Why does Jane get sunburnt easily? A. She has very fair skin. B. She sunbathes too much. C. She never wears sunscreen cream. 15. What does the man like? A. Sunbathing on the beach. B. Swimming in the sea. C. Sitting in the shade. 16. What does the man think of diving? A. It’s boring. B. It’s stress-free. C. It’s eye-opening. 17. Why does the Danish girl swim when there is ice in the sea? A. She loves the special feeling. B. She wants to attract followers. C. She thinks it’s good for health. 听第10段材料, 回答第18至20题。 18. What is Simplified Speech? A. A language learning program. B. An interactive game show. C. A public speaking program. 19. What is the rat race? A. Unhurried life. B. Fierce competition. C. Successful business. 20. What can the interactive text allow you to do? A Express whatever you like freely. B. Listen to the recording from any point. C. Learn about the details of a chosen topic. 第二部分 阅读(共两节, 满分50分) 第一节(共15小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。 A Whether you want to cook like a professional, or just do something fun for a team-building exercise, New York offers various cooking classes to fit your appetite. Here are four venues (场所) with classes year-round to help release your inner chef. Mille-Feuille Students come from all over to study and taste the two specialties — croissant and macaron — in the back of chef Olivier Dessyn’s popular Greenwich Village Bakery. Classes accommodate no more than eight students and run 1-1.5 hours, and everyone gets to bring home their finished baked goods and dough to practice more at home. Don’t-miss class: Both! Abigail’s Kitchen Chef Abigail Hitchcock is a renowned culinary authority who has appeared on shows like Chopped. Most lessons are limited to 10 students and are 3 hours long, though Shop-and-Cook classes, where students visit some of New York’s best international markets, are 5 hours. Don’t-miss class: Fresh Pasta is Hitchcock’s most popular class, featuring homemade pasta and seasonal sauces. Home Cooking New York For the past two decades, aspiring cooks have sought out Jennifer Clair’s classes. Clair, a professional cook and former magazine food editor, offers classes (2.5 hours) in two modern, fully stocked kitchen lofts downtown. While kids aged 12-15 can attend with an adult, there are kids-only weekend and holiday classes as well. Don’t-miss class: Six Basic Cooking Techniques, where you’ ll learn knife skills, meat cookery and vegetable roasting. Taste Buds Kitchen Taste Buds is the leading cooking school for kids by day, but at night it transforms into a space for grown-ups to cook up for fun. Kids’ popular class — Junior Chef — happens after school and on weekends. Most are 2 hours, but look for more in-depth, longer classes for holiday camps. Don’t-miss class: Sushi & Dumplings. 1. Which of the following offers the shortest class? A. Mille-Feuille. B. Abigail’s Kitchen. C. Taste Buds Kitchen. D. Home Cooking New York. 2. What do Home Cooking New York and Taste Buds Kitchen have in common? A. Both offer classes for kids on weekends. B. Both feature famous chefs in New York. C. Both involve making sushi and dumplings. D. Both are equipped with traditional kitchens. 3. In which section of a magazine can the text probably be found? A. Entertainment. B. Cuisine. C. Travel. D. Sports. 【答案】1. A 2. A 3. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章为想要学习厨艺的人介绍了纽约市内四个厨艺学习项目。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Mille-Feuille部分中“Classes accommodate no more than eight students and run 1-1.5 hours, (课程最多容纳8名学生，时间为1-1.5小时)”可知，Mille-Feuille的课程时长为1-1.5小时；根据Abigail’s Kitchen部分中“Most lessons are limited to 10 students and are 3 hours long, (大多数课程限制为10名学生，时长为3小时)”可知，Abigail’s Kitchen的课程时长为3小时；根据Home Cooking New York部分中“Clair, a professional cook and former magazine food editor, offers classes (2.5 hours) in two modern, fully stocked kitchen lofts downtown. (Clair是一名专业厨师和前杂志食品编辑，在市中心的两个现代化、储备充足的厨房里提供课程（2.5小时）)”可知，Home Cooking New York的课程时长为2.5小时；根据Taste Buds Kitchen部分中“Most are 2 hours, but look for more in-depth, longer classes for holiday camps. (大多数是2小时，但度假营有更深入、更长的课程)”可知，Taste Buds Kitchen的课程时长为2小时，所以课堂时间最短的是Mille-Feuille。故选A。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Home Cooking New York部分中“While kids aged 12-15 can attend with an adult, there are kids-only weekend and holiday classes as well.(虽然12-15岁孩子可以和成年人一起参加，但也有周末和假期的只对儿童开放的课程)”和Taste Buds Kitchen部分中“Kids’ popular class— Junior Chef— happens after school and on weekends.(孩子们最喜欢的课程——初级厨师——安排在放学后和周末)”可知，这两个场所共同之处在于，都在周末提供针对孩子们的厨艺课程。故选A。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。总览全文，尤其是根据第一段“Whether you want to cook like a professional, or just do something fun for a team- building exercise, New York offers various cooking classes to fit your appetite. Here are four venues (场所) with classes year-round to help release your inner chef.(无论你是想像专业人士一样做饭，还是只是为了团队建设而做一些有趣的事情，纽约都能提供各种烹饪课程来满足你的食欲。这里有四个场所全年都有课程，可以帮助你解放内心的厨师天分)”可知，文章主要是介绍了几个厨艺课程项目，由此推知，可能选自杂志的烹饪版块。故选B。 B When I was a child I was often told what not to eat. “You don’t want to get fat” was on constant repeat throughout my childhood. It really messed up my relationship with food — something that took me years to overcome. Because of this, I’m careful not to connect what my kids weigh with their worth as people. I encourage my daughter to make healthy snack choices and often dissuade (劝阻) her from a second dessert. But one day when I heard her saying “I think I’m too fat,” my heart sank. It made me wonder if giving her advice on snacks was having an unintentionally negative impact. According to Charlotte Markey, a professor of psychology, food is one of the rare subjects where, as parents, saying less is more. “There are so many things in parenting that are good to talk through, but I’m not convinced that food is one of them,” she says. “It just creates some worries and insecurities in kids that aren’t necessarily healthy.” Instead, she recommends applying a well-known concept among nutrition experts called the “Division of Responsibility,” where parents provide a variety of mostly healthy foods to their kids at fixed times, and the kids themselves decide what and how much they want to consume — even if that means occasionally eating more cookies than carrots. Allowing kids to eat what they want also exposes them to the natural consequences of their decisions. “When your child says, ‘My stomach hurts.’ you can say, ‘Well you had a lot of sugary foods and you might feel better if you made some other choices,’” says Markey. “Let them feel like they have some control over it.” I’ve been trying out these strategies and I’ve found that when I’m less restrictive, they do make-better decisions. “Feeding is a long game,” says Markey: “The food you have available makes a hugo difference. Even if they don’t eat it, they’re seeing it. And then all of a sudden it clicks.” 4. What can be inferred about the author from the first paragraph? A. She is upset by her kids weight. B. She is critical of the way she was fed. C. She is interested in making food. D. She is particular about what she eats. 5. Which of the following would Markey disapprove of? A. Allowing kids to eat cookies occasionally. B. Offering various foods to kids at fixed times. C. Explaining to kids the risks of taking snacks. D. Talking with kids about school at mealtimes. 6. What should kids do according to the “Division of Responsibility”? A. Make diet decisions on their own. B. Share their food with other kids. C. Eat up what is provided for them. D. Help their parents do the dishes. 7. What does the author think of the strategies she has been following? A. Costly. B. Complex. C. Workable. D. Contradictory. 【答案】4 B 5. C 6. A 7. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者童年时被灌输食物观念的不良影响，心理学家Markey建议采用“责任划分”原则，作者尝试后发现策略可行。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“When I was a child I was often told what not to eat. ‘You don’t want to get fat’ was on constant repeat throughout my childhood. It really messed up my relationship with food — something that took me years to overcome.(当我还是个孩子的时候，我经常被告知什么不能吃。“你不想变胖”在我的童年里不断重复。这真的破坏了我与食物的关系 —— 这是我花了多年时间才克服的问题)”可知，作者童年时被灌输的饮食观念对她产生了不良影响，由此可推断出她对自己小时候被喂养的方式持批评态度。故选B项。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“‘There are so many things in parenting that are good to talk through, but I’m not convinced that food is one of them,’ she says. ‘It just creates some worries and insecurities in kids that aren’t necessarily healthy.’(她说：“在养育孩子的过程中，有很多事情值得讨论，但我不认为食物是其中之一。这只会给孩子们带来一些不一定健康的担忧和不安全感。”)”可知，Markey不赞成和孩子谈论食物相关内容。C选项“向孩子解释吃零食的风险”属于和孩子谈论食物相关，是Markey会不赞成的。故选C项。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Instead, she recommends applying a well-known concept among nutrition experts called the ‘Division of Responsibility,’ where parents provide a variety of mostly healthy foods to their kids at fixed times, and the kids themselves decide what and how much they want to consume(相反，她建议应用营养专家中一个著名的概念，即“责任划分”，父母在固定的时间为孩子提供各种主要是健康的食物，而孩子自己决定想吃什么和吃多少)”可知，根据“责任划分”原则，孩子应该自己做饮食决定。故选A项。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“I’ve been trying out these strategies and I’ve found that when I’m less restrictive, they do make better decisions.(我一直在尝试这些策略，我发现当我不那么严格限制时，他们确实会做出更好的决定)”可知，作者一直在尝试这些策略，且孩子们确实会做出更好的决定。由此推知，她会认为所遵循的策略是可行的。故选C项。 C A novel design approach to gardening has been gaining in popularity worldwide. Referred to as matrix planting, this approach aims for nature to do a lot more of the heavy lifting in the garden, and even some of the designing. Eschewing fertilizers (化肥) and power tools, it’s based on an elegantly simple principle: tó garden more like nature does. The concept was born when German city planners sought to plant large areas of parkland after World War II in a reproducible way that would need minimal maintenance. Planners created planting mixes that could be used modularly (模块化) in a matrix garden, plants with similar cultural needs are grouped so that they will grow together above and below ground, forming a cooperative ecosystem that conserves water and discourages weeds. Dutch plantsman and designer Piet Oudolf’s gardens popularized this style, adding artistic flavors to the planting mixes while playing with color and form, including four-season interest and serving the needs of wildlife. Beautiful year-round, they invite you to enjoy the smallest detail, from the sound of grasses in the gentle wind to the sculpture of odd-looking seed heads. It takes a lot of thought to look this natural. While matrix gardens appear wild, they are carefully planned, with cultural needs the first consideration. Led by the concept of “right plant, right place,”, they match plants that enjoy the same soil, sun and weather conditions, and arrange them according to their patterns of growth. The benefits are substantial for both gardener and planet. With human inputs dramatically reduced, the garden’s ecology can develop well. Established, matrix gardens should not need the life support we give most gardens: fertilizer, dividing, regular watering. Compared to traditional garden plots, they increase carbon absorption, reduce stormwater runoff and boost habitat and biodiversity significantly. 8. What does the underlined word “Eschewing” in the first paragraph mean? A. Running out of. B. Keeping away from. C. Putting up with. D. Taking advantage of. 9. Why was the idea of matrix planting introduced? A. To control weeds in large gardens. B. To bring in foreign species of plants. C. To conserve soil and water resources. D. To develop low-maintenance parkland. 10. Which of the following best describes Pict Oudolf’s gardens? A. Traditional. B. Odd-looking. C. Tasteful. D. Well-protected. 11. Which of the following can be a suitable title for the text? A. The future of gardening is WILD. B. Nature treats all lives as EQUALS. C. Matrix gardens need more CARE. D. Old garden plots work WONDERS. 【答案】8. B 9. D 10. C 11. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种新型园艺设计方法——矩阵种植。 【8题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词所在句“Eschewing fertilizers and power tools, it’s based on an elegantly simple principle: to garden more like nature does. (Eschewing化肥和电动工具，它基于一个极其简单的原则：更像大自然那样进行园艺)”中“to garden more like nature does”可推知，这种园艺方式接近自然的方式，由此推知，它不会使用化肥和电动工具，故划线词Eschewing有“远离、避开”之意，与B项“Keeping away from”意思相近。故选B项。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“The concept was born when German city planners sought to plant large areas of parkland after World War II in a reproducible way that would need minimal maintenance. Planners created planting mixes that could be used modularly in a matrix garden, plants with similar cultural needs are grouped so that they will grow together above and below ground, forming a cooperative ecosystem that conserves water and discourages weeds. (第二次世界大战后，德国城市规划者试图以一种可复制的方式种植大面积的公园，这一概念诞生了，这种方式需要最少的维护。规划者创造了可以在矩阵花园中模块化使用的混合种植，具有相似文化需求的植物被组合在一起，这样它们就可以在地上和地下一起生长，形成一个合作的生态系统，既能节约用水，又能抑制杂草生长)”可知，德国城市规划者尝试用可复制的方式种植大面积的公园，这种方式需要最少的维护，然后矩阵种植出现了，它可以形成一个合作的生态系统，既能节约用水，又能抑制杂草生长。由此可知，引入矩阵种植是为了开发低维护的公园绿地。故选D项。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“Dutch plantsman and designer Piet Oudolf’s gardens popularized this style, adding artistic flavors to the planting mixes while playing with color and form, including four season interest and serving the needs of wildlife. (荷兰植物学家兼设计师Piet Oudolf的花园推广了这种风格，在种植组合中增添了艺术气息，同时玩转颜色和形态，兼顾四季景致并满足野生动物的需求)”可推知，Piet Oudolf的花园有艺术气息，很有品味。故选C项。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段中“A novel design approach to gardening has been gaining in popularity worldwide. Referred to as matrix planting, this approach aims for nature to do a lot more of the heavy lifting in the garden, and even some of the designing. (一种新颖的园艺设计方法在全球范围内越来越受欢迎。这种方法被称为矩阵种植，其目标是让大自然在花园中承担更多繁杂的工作，甚至参与一些设计)”和最后一段中“The benefits are substantial for both gardener and planet. With human inputs dramatically reduced, the garden’s ecology can develop well. (这对园丁和地球都有巨大的好处。随着人类投入的大幅减少，花园的生态系统可以良好发展)”可知，矩阵种植让花园更自然、野生，这代表了园艺未来的方向。A选项“The future of gardening is WILD (园艺的未来是野生自然)”能概括文章内容，适合做标题。故选A项。 D The abdominal cerebrum theory (肠脑理论) is a concept that suggests the gut (肠) has a complex network of neurons capable of independent action and decision-making, which is called the “second brain”. This theory stresses the importance of the enteric (肠道的) nervous system (ENS), which is responsible for controlling digestion, but recent research suggests it may play a larger role in overall health and well-being. The ENS consists of over 100 million neurons. These neurons communicate with each other and with the central nervous system (CNS), allowing for both local reflexes and coordination with the CNS. One of the most convincing aspects of the abdominal cerebrum theory is the ENS’s ability to function autonomously. While it receives input from the CNS, it can operate independently, regulating processes such as blood flow and gut movement. This nature demonstrates its resemblance to a “second brain”. The gut-brain axis is a bidirectional communication network linking the ENS and the CNS. This interaction goes beyond mere signaling; it involves neurotransmitters like serotonin(90% of which is produced in the gut) and dopamine. These chemicals influence mood, anxiety, and even cognition, suggesting that gut health directly impacts mental health. Emerging research indicates that conditions like tiredness, and even depression and anxiety are linked to an imbalance in the gut microbiota (肠道菌群). The ENS also plays a crucial role in diseases such as obesity and diabetes. Despite its appeal, the abdominal cerebrum theory faces several criticisms. Some argue that while the theory acknowledges the ENS is complex, labeling it as a “second brain” may oversimplify or mislead. Others point out that more research is needed to fully understand its precise role in various health conditions. Moreover, translating basic research into clinical applications remains challenging. The interplay between genetics, lifestyle factors, and environmental influences complicates efforts to develop targeted therapies based on the theory. 12. Why is the gut often called the “second brain”? A. Because it contains millions of neurons. B. Because it can function independently. C. Because it controls all body functions. D. Because it impacts overall well-being. 13. Which of the following is among the functions of the ENS? A. Controlling the operation of the CNS. B. Disturbing the performance of the CNS. C. Regulating digestion and gut movement. D. Coordinating blood flow and muscle movement. 14. According to paragraph 4, what can be learnt about neurotransmitters? A. They are mostly produced in the brain. B. They impact both mood and cognition. C. They are not important for gut health. D. They only affect our physical health. 15. Why is the theory criticized? A. Because it has no prospects of clinic applications. B. Because it denies the complexity of the ENS. C. Because it may cause misunderstanding. D. Because it hasn’t been studied so far. 【答案】12. B 13. C 14. B 15. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要解释了什么是“肠脑理论”以及肠被称为“第二大脑”的原因。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“The abdominal cerebrum theory (肠脑理论) is a concept that suggests the gut (肠) has a complex network of neurons capable of independent action and decision-making, which is called the “second brain”.(肠脑理论是一个概念，认为肠道有一个复杂的神经元网络，能够独立行动和决策，被称为“第二大脑”)”和第三段中“One of the most convincing aspects of the abdominal cerebrum theory is the ENS’s ability to function autonomously.(肠脑理论最引人注目的方面之一是肠神经系统能够自主地发挥作用)”可知，肠之所以被称为“第二大脑”, 是因为它能够独立运作。故选 B。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“This theory stresses the importance of the enteric (肠道的) nervous system (ENS), which is responsible for controlling digestion, but recent research suggests it may play a larger role in overall health and well-being.(这一理论强调了肠道神经系统（ENS）的重要性，它负责控制消化，但最近的研究表明，它可能在整体健康和福祉中发挥更大的作用)”以及第三段“While it receives input from the CNS, it can operate independently, regulating processes such as blood flow and gut movement. This nature demonstrates its resemblance to a “second brain”.(当它接受来自中枢神经系统的输入时，它可以独立运作，调节血液流动和肠道运动等过程。这种特性表明了它与“第二大脑”的相似之处)”可知，肠神经系统的功能是调节消化、血液循环和肠道蠕动。故选 C。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“These chemicals influence mood, anxiety, and even cognition, suggesting that gut health directly impacts mental health.(这些化学物质会影响情绪、焦虑，甚至认知，这表明肠道健康直接影响心理健康)”可知，神经递质会影响情绪和认知。故选B。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Some argue that while the theory acknowledges the ENS is complex, labeling it as a “second brain” may oversimplify or mislead.(一些人认为，虽然该理论承认ENS是复杂的，但将其称为“第二大脑”可能过于简化或误导)”可知，该理论受到批评的主要原因是因为这可能会引起误解。故选 C。 第二节(共5小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分) 根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 One of the most common mistakes in communication is trying to do too much. ____16____ There’s no value in delivering any kind of communication, whether written, spoken, formal, or informal, if the message doesn’t come across clearly. Being clear and brief — while maintaining interest and including everything your listeners need to know — is a high-level communication skill. Here are some tips worth following in order to communicate more effectively. ●Keep your audience in mind. Your audience will naturally be more interested and engaged when you tailor your communications to their interests. ____17____ This will engage their desire to understand and interact with the information. ●Don’t use ten words when one will do Even the most engaged and committed audience will eventually get bored. Keeping your message simple and clear will make it easier for people to understand. ____18____ However, they’re hearing it for the first time. Keep it simple. ●____19____ If you’ve ever worked as an instructor, manager, trainer or coach, you’ll know that there are few better ways to learn new information than to teach it. Ask the audience to contribute their ideas or to take a role in explaining new concepts and policies to others. Allow them to lead discussions and meetings to develop their communication skills. ●Consider the best method to deliver your message. If the information you’re communicating isn’t urgent, consider sending an email. Written communication will give your audience more time to review it, think it over, and follow up with questions. ____20____ Building effective communication skills takes time, but the effects are worth the effort. A. Be patient. B. Get the audience involved. C. The best messages are often simple. D. Speak directly to what matters to them. E. You may be surprised by what your listeners offer. F. It will also give them a handy record to refer back to. G. As the speaker, you already know what you’re going to say. 【答案】16. C 17. D 18. G 19. B 20. F 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章指出沟通中常见错误是试图表达过多，随后给出有效沟通的建议，如顾及受众、简洁表达、让受众参与及选对传达方式。 【16题详解】 上文“One of the most common mistakes in communication is trying to do too much.(沟通中最常见的错误之一就是试图做太多)”指出沟通时易犯的错误是试图做太多，下文“There’s no value in delivering any kind of communication, whether written, spoken, formal, or informal, if the message doesn’t come across clearly.(如果信息传达不清晰，那么无论是书面的、口头的、正式的还是非正式的交流都没有价值)”强调信息清晰的重要性。C选项“The best messages are often simple.(最好的信息往往是简单的)”承上启下，说明沟通应简洁，避免因内容过多导致信息不清晰，上下文逻辑连贯。故选C项。 【17题详解】 上文“Your audience will naturally be more interested and engaged when you tailor your communications to their interests.(当你根据受众的兴趣来调整你的沟通内容时，他们自然会更感兴趣并更投入)”表明根据受众兴趣沟通的好处。D选项“Speak directly to what matters to them.(直接谈论对他们重要的事情)”是对上文的进一步阐释，按受众兴趣沟通就是要谈及他们关心之事，这样能激发其理解和互动的欲望，与上下文衔接紧密。故选D项。 【18题详解】 上文“Even the most engaged and committed audience will eventually get bored. Keeping your message simple and clear will make it easier for people to understand.(即使是最投入、最专注的听众最终也会感到厌烦。保持信息简单明了会让人们更容易理解)”强调信息要简洁易懂，下文“However, they’re hearing it for the first time. Keep it simple.(然而，他们是第一次听到这些内容。保持简单)”再次提醒要简洁。G选项“As the speaker, you already know what you’re going to say.(作为演讲者，你已经知道自己要说什么了)”说明演讲者熟悉内容，而听众是首次接触，所以信息要简单，与上下文逻辑相符。故选G项。 【19题详解】 下文“If you’ve ever worked as an instructor, manager, trainer or coach, you’ll know that there are few better ways to learn new information than to teach it. Ask the audience to contribute their ideas or to take a role in explaining new concepts and policies to others. Allow them to lead discussions and meetings to develop their communication skills.(如果你曾经担任过讲师、经理、培训师或教练，你就会知道，没有什么比教别人更好的学习新信息的方法了。让听众贡献他们的想法，或者让他们扮演向别人解释新概念和政策的角色。让他们主持讨论和会议以提高他们的沟通技巧)”着重强调让听众参与到沟通中来。B选项“Get the audience involved.(让听众参与进来)”能概括这部分内容，适合作小标题。故选B项。 【20题详解】 上文“If the information you’re communicating isn’t urgent, consider sending an email. Written communication will give your audience more time to review it, think it over, and follow up with questions.(如果您传达的信息不紧急，考虑发送电子邮件。书面沟通将给您的受众更多时间来回顾、思考并跟进问题)”说明了邮件沟通的好处。F选项“It will also give them a handy record to refer back to.(它还会给他们一个方便参考的记录)”进一步补充了邮件沟通能提供方便参考的记录这一好处，与上文逻辑一致。故选F项。 第三部分语言运用 第一节(共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分) 阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Ellie Walker, a 22-year-old employee at the British grocery chain Sainsbury’s, experienced something extraordinary. Known for her ____21____ behavior, Ellie enjoyed the daily chat with customers but never ____22____ how deeply these interactions could impact her life. It was during one of these ____23____ conversations that Ellie encountered Edwin Holmes, an 86-year-old regular ____24____. Their interaction took a turn when Edwin told Ellie about his loneliness, ____25____ that he had no one to spend Christmas with. This ____26____ made Ellie feel sympathy for Edwin, as she couldn’t ____27____ the thought of Edwin spending the festive season ____28____. Moved by Edwin’s situation, Ellie ____29____ to extend a gesture (表示) of kindness. She invited him to join her for a Christmas meal, hoping to create a memorable and joyous _____30_____ for both of them. It was a simple _____31_____, but one that meant much for Edwin. The Christmas dinner was a special and emotional event. Edwin _____32_____, looking neat in a suit, with a bunch of flowers in hand for Ellie. It was a moment of genuine connection, taking the usual customer-employee relationship to a different level. Ellie’s _____33_____ to Edwin was more than just a kind gesture; it was a lifeline. From that _____34_____ Christmas dinner, a beautiful friendship developed. Ellie and Edwin began meeting regularly for coffee, sharing stories and enjoying each other’s _____35_____. Their relationship, which started with casual conversations in a grocery store, had grown into a meaningful friendship. 21. A. suspicious B. friendly C. changeable D. odd 22. A. anticipated B. assessed C. required D. consulted 23. A. lengthy B. pointless C. routine D. secret 24. A. agent B. candidate C. donor D. customer 25. A. revealing B. securing C. doubting D. predicting 26. A. pressure B. discovery C. signature D. trick 27. A. block B. express C. bear D. push 28. A. abroad B. comfortably C. noisily D. alone 29. A. determined B. agreed C. begged D. hesitated 30. A. adventure B. phase C. start D. experience 31. A. mission B. act C. style D. plot 32. A. called out B. cheered up C. showed up D. settled down 33. A. solution B. invitation C. approach D. contribution 34. A. quick B. annual C. memorable D. farewell 35. A. challenge B. forgiveness C. recognition D. company 【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 24. D 25. A 26. B 27. C 28. D 29. A 30. D 31. B 32. C 33. B 34. C 35. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了从杂货店里的随意交谈开始，艾莉和老顾客埃德温·霍姆斯发展了一段有意义和持久的友谊。 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：埃莉以友好的行为著称，她喜欢每天和顾客聊天，但从未预料到这些互动会对她的生活产生如此深远的影响。A. suspicious怀疑的；B. friendly友好的；C. changeable可改变的；D. odd奇怪的。根据后文“Ellie enjoyed the daily chat with customers”可知，喜欢和顾客聊天说明友好。故选B。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：埃莉以友好的行为著称，她喜欢每天和顾客聊天，但从未预料到这些互动会对她的生活产生如此深远的影响。A. anticipated预期；B. assessed评估；C. required要求；D. consulted咨询。根据后文“how deeply these interactions could impact her life”可知，互动是因为友好，她没有预料到这些互动会对她的生活产生如此深远的影响。故选A。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在一次例行谈话中，艾莉遇到了86岁的老顾客埃德温·霍姆斯。A. lengthy漫长的；B. pointless毫无意义的；C. routine常规的；D. secret秘密的。根据上文“Ellie enjoyed the daily chat with customers”可知，埃莉喜欢每天和顾客聊天，所以是例行的常规聊天。故选C。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在一次例行谈话中，艾莉遇到了86岁的老顾客埃德温·霍姆斯。A. agent代理人；B. candidate候选人；C. donor捐赠者；D. customer顾客。根据上文“Ellie enjoyed the daily chat with customers”可知，埃德温·霍姆斯是她的老顾客。故选D。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当埃德温告诉艾莉他的孤独时，他们的互动发生了变化，他透露没有人可以和他一起过圣诞节。A. revealing揭露；B. securing确保；C. doubting怀疑；D. predicting预测。根据后文“that he had no one to spend Christmas with”可知，埃德温透露没有人可以和他一起过圣诞节。故选A。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这一发现让艾莉对埃德温产生了同情，因为她无法忍受埃德温独自度过节日。A. pressure压力；B. discovery发现；C. signature签名；D. trick诡计。上文埃德温提到透露没有人可以和他一起过圣诞节，即发现了这一情况让艾莉对埃德温产生了同情，故选B。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这一发现让艾莉对埃德温产生了同情，因为她无法忍受埃德温独自度过节日。A. block阻塞；B. express表达；C. bear忍受；D. push推。根据后文“the thought of Edwin spending the festive season”指她无法忍受埃德温独自度过节日。故选C。 【28题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：这一发现让艾莉对埃德温产生了同情，因为她无法忍受埃德温独自度过节日。A. abroad在国外；B. comfortably舒适地；C. noisily吵闹地；D. alone单独地。根据上文“he had no one to spend Christmas with.”可知，埃德温独自度过节日。故选D。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：埃莉被埃德温的处境所感动，她决定向埃德温表示善意。A. determined决定；B. agreed同意；C. begged恳求；D. hesitated犹豫。根据后文“to extend a gesture of kindness”可知，埃莉决定向埃德温表示善意。故选A。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她邀请他和她一起吃圣诞大餐，希望为他们俩创造一个难忘而快乐的经历。A. adventure冒险；B. phase阶段；C. start开始；D. experience经历。根据上文“She invited him to join her for a Christmas meal, hoping to create a memorable and joyous”可知，邀请一起吃饭是为希望创造一个难忘而快乐的经历。故选D。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一个简单的举动，但对埃德温来说意义重大。A. mission任务；B. act举动，行为；C. style风格；D. plot情节。指上文“She invited him to join her for a Christmas meal”邀请一起吃圣诞大餐的举动。故选B。 【32题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：埃德温出现了，穿着西装，看上去很整洁，手里拿着一束花送给艾莉。A. called out召唤；B. cheered up欢呼；C. showed up出现；D. settled down决定。根据后文“looking neat in a suit”可知，埃德温出现了，穿着西装，看上去很整洁，故选C。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：埃莉邀请埃德温不仅仅是一种友好的姿态；这是一条生命线。A. solution解决方案；B. invitation邀请；C. approach方法；D. contribution贡献。呼应上文“She invited him to join her for a Christmas meal”指埃莉邀请埃德温吃圣诞大餐。故选B。 【34题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：从那次难忘的圣诞晚餐开始，一段美好的友谊发展了起来。A. quick快速的；B. annual年度的；C. memorable难忘的；D. farewell告别的。根据上文“more than just a kind gesture; it was a lifeline”可知，这是一次难忘的圣诞晚餐，是一条生命线。故选C。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：埃莉和埃德温开始定期见面喝咖啡，分享故事，享受彼此的陪伴。A. challenge挑战；B. forgiveness原谅；C. recognition认可；D. company陪伴。根据上文“Ellie and Edwin began meeting regularly for coffee, sharing stories and enjoying each other’s”可知，两人开始经常见面，享受彼此的陪伴。故选D。 第II卷非选择题(满分55分) 第二节(共 20小题; 满分30分) I. 选择正确的短语并用其适当形式完成句子。(共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分15分) 选择正确的短语并用其适当形式完成句子 draw up for fear of at the expense of complain about in detail correspond with be engaged in critical of by chance in exchange for 36. We’d better discuss everything ________ before we work out the plan. 37. We’d better ________ a rough contract and then talk it over at our next meeting. 38. It is illegal for a public official to ask people for gifts or money ________ favors to them. 39. A study shows the students who ________ after-school activities are happier than whose who are not. 40. People often don’t do what they really want to ________ failure. 41. Modernity is usually achieved ________ elegance. 42. Perhaps most of us aren’t as extreme at fault-finding, but when we’re honest, we can be sharply ________ the world. 43. She still ________ friends she met in Majorca nine years ago. 44. An artist who was recently traveling on a ferry (渡船) to the southern island discovered ________a long lost antique Greek vase. 45. How many adults, who now ________ the long drives to work, eagerly drove for hours at a time when they first obtained their driver’s licenses. 【答案】36. in detail 37. draw up 38. in exchange for 39. are engaged in 40. for fear of 41. at the expense of 42. critical of 43. corresponds with 44. by chance 45. complain about 【解析】 【36题详解】 考查介词短语。句意：在制定计划之前，我们最好详细讨论所有事情介词短语“in detail”表示“详细地”，能够准确体现出在制定计划前对事情进行深入讨论的要求，符合此语境。故填in detail。 【37题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：我们最好起草一份粗略的合同，然后在下次会议上再详细讨论。在商业或事务往来中，合同是明确双方权利和义务的重要文件，在正式确定之前，通常需要先拟定一个初步的版本以供后续讨论和完善。动词短语“draw up”有“起草；拟定”的意思，情态动词“had better”后接动词原形。故填draw up。 【38题详解】 考查介词短语。句意：公职人员向人们索要礼物或钱财以换取对他们的关照是违法的。公职人员本应公正履行职责，而索要财物并给予关照这种行为违背了职业操守和法律规定，存在一种财物与关照的交换关系。介词短语“in exchange for”表示“作为……的交换；换取”，体现了这种不当的交易关系。故填in exchange for。 【39题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：一项研究表明，参加课外活动的学生比不参加的学生更快乐。空处为定语从句的谓语动词，动词短语“be engaged in”表示“参与；从事”符合，句子描述的是一般情况，用一般现在时态，先行词“students”是复数名词，所以用“are engaged in”来表示学生参与课外活动的状态。故填are engaged in。 【40题详解】 考查介词短语。句意：人们常常因为害怕失败而不去做他们真正想做的事情。介词短语“for fear of”表示“由于害怕；生怕”，很好地解释了人们这种因恐惧失败而退缩的心理和行为。故填for fear of。 【41题详解】 考查介词短语。句意：现代性通常是以牺牲优雅为代价来实现的。介词短语“at the expense of”表示“以……为代价”，准确地描述了现代性实现与优雅丧失之间的这种权衡关系。故填at the expense of。 【42题详解】 考查形容词短语。句意：也许我们大多数人在挑毛病方面没有那么极端，但说实话，我们可能会对这个世界吹毛求疵。形容词短语“be critical of”表示“对……挑剔；对……持批评态度”，这里描述人们对世界容易产生挑剔、批评的态度。故填critical of。 【43题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：她仍然和九年前在马略卡岛认识的朋友们保持通信。动词短语“correspond with”表示“与……通信；与……相一致”，作主句谓语，描述目前的情况，用一般现在时态，主语“she”是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数形式corresponds with。故填corresponds with。 【44题详解】 考查介词短语。句意：一位最近乘坐渡轮前往南部岛屿的艺术家偶然发现了一只失传已久的古希腊花瓶。介词短语“by chance”表示“偶然；意外地”，符合艺术家发现花瓶这种意外的情况。故填by chance。 【45题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：现在有多少成年人抱怨开车上班路途遥远，而当初他们刚拿到驾照时却渴望一次开上几个小时。空处为从句谓语动词，结合“the long drives to work”可知，动词短语“complain about”表示“抱怨；投诉”符合，句子描述现在的情况用一般现在时态，主语who(即先行词adults)是复数名词，谓语用动词原形。故填complain about。 II. 语法填空(共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分15分) 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 46. The ___(disappear) of the wolves had many unexpected results. (所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】disappearance 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意:狼群的消失带来了许多意想不到的结果。根据句意可知，此处在句中作主语且由定冠词The修饰，应用名词disappearance，不可数名词。故填disappearance。 47. It is this that distinguished humans ________ machines. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】from 【解析】 【详解】考查介词。句意：正是这一点将人类和机器区分开来。“distinguish...from...”是固定短语，意为“区分……和……；辨别……与……”。故填from。 48. Mike isn’t a good citizen, because he often attempts to escape ________ (fine) whenever he breaks traffic regulations. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】being fined 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：迈克不是一个好公民，因为每当他违反交通规则时，他经常试图逃避被罚款。“escape doing sth.”是固定用法，表示“逃避做某事”，其后用动名词作宾语，又因fine (罚款)与其逻辑主语he之间是被动关系，应用动名词的被动式being fined作宾语。故填being fined。 49. ________ the eve of the Lantern Festival, all the lanterns are hung up. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】On 【解析】 【详解】考查介词。句意：在元宵节前夕，所有的灯笼都挂起来了。“在具体某一天的前夕”要用介词on，此处指在元宵节前夕，是具体某一天的前夕；句首单词首字母大写。故填On。 50. Listening is thus an active, not a passive, behavior_________(consist) of hearing, understanding and remembering. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】consisting 【解析】 【分析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：因此说倾听是一个由听，理解，记忆构成的主动行为，而不是被动的行为。所给词consist ，与of连用，表示 “由……组成”，不及物动词，无被动形式。分析句子可知，该空需用动词现在分词形式作后置定语，修饰空前名词behavior。故填consisting。 51. What is important is feeding a baby in the best way, though it may cause some ________ (convenience). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】inconvenience 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：重要的是以最好的方式喂养婴儿，尽管这可能会带来一些不便。空处作宾语，根据语境可知，喂养婴儿的最佳方式可能会带来“不便”，应用提示词的反义词inconvenience作宾语，不可数名词。故填inconvenience。 52. Her teacher demanded that homework ________ (hand) in on time. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】should be handed##be handed 【解析】 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：她的老师要求作业要按时交。demand表示“要求”时，其后的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，即从句谓语使用“should+动词原形”，其中should可以省略。在本句中，demand后宾语从句要使用虚拟语气，从句中主语“homework”和谓语“hand in”之间是被动关系，所以要用被动形式“(should) be+过去分词”，即(should) be handed。故填(should) be handed。 53. When the polluting industries argue that we’ve lost the battle to control carbon pollution and have no choice but ________ (adapt), it’s a nonsense designed to make the case for business as usual. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to adapt 【解析】 【详解】考查不定式。句意：当污染行业声称我们在控制碳排放污染的战斗中已经落败，除了去适应别无他法时，这不过是为了让一切照旧而编造的无稽之谈。“have no choice but to do sth.”是固定搭配，表示“除了……别无选择”，用动词不定式作介词but的宾语。故填to adapt。 54. ________________ (compare) to other alternatives, it’s comfortable and relaxing. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】Compared 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语。句意：与其他选择相比，它是舒适和放松的。分析句子结构可知，句中已有系动词is，空处需填非谓语动词作状语，主语it和compare为逻辑动宾关系，应使用其过去分词形式。位于句首时，首字母需大写。故填Compared。 55. At this point, ________ is not clear why dogs seem to be equipped with the ability to recognize different facial expressions in humans. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】it 【解析】 【详解】考查形式主语it。句意：目前，还不清楚为什么狗似乎具备识别人类不同面部表情的能力。分析句子可知，真正的主语是“why dogs seem to be equipped with the ability to recognize different facial expressions in humans”，为了避免句子头重脚轻，设空从使用it作形式主语。故填it。 III. 读后续写(满分25分) 56. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。 It was a beautiful sunny day. I had just finished my final exams and was looking forward to a relaxing summer vacation. My parents had promised to take me to my favorite beach for a week-long getaway. We packed our bags, loaded the car, and set off on our journey. The drive to the beach was long but pleasant. We sang along to our favorite songs, played car games, and stopped at a few interesting places along the way. As we got closer to the beach, I could smell the salty sea air and feel the excitement building up inside me. Finally, we arrived at our beachfront hotel. It was a charming little place with a swimming pool and direct access to the beach. We checked in, unpacked our things, and immediately headed for the beach. The sand was warm and soft under my feet, and the waves were crashing gently on the shore. I couldn’t wait to jump in and go for a swim. I was having a great time splashing around in the water when suddenly I felt a sharp pain in my leg. I cried out in pain and tried to swim back to the shore. My parents, who were sitting on the beach, saw me struggling and rushed into the water to help me. When they pulled me out, they saw that my leg was bleeding. It seemed that I had been cut by something sharp in the water. My father quickly carried me back to the hotel and called for a doctor. The doctor examined my leg and said that the cut was deep and needed stitches. I was terrified at the thought of getting stitches. I had always been afraid of needles. 注意: 1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右； 2. 续写部分分为两段, 每段的开头语已为你写好。 Paragraph 1: The doctor prepared the necessary equipment and told me to lie down. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: After getting the stitches, I was feeling a bit better but still a little down. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Paragraph 1: The doctor prepared the necessary equipment and told me to lie down. I was trembling with fear as I watched the doctor pick up the needle. My heart was pounding so hard that I could hear it in my ears. My parents stood by my side, holding my hands tightly and trying to comfort me. The doctor tried to calm me down, saying that it wouldn’t hurt too much. With great courage, I closed my eyes and gritted my teeth. As the needle went through my skin, I let out a small cry, but I endured the pain. After what seemed like an eternity, the doctor finally finished stitching up my wound. Paragraph 2: After getting the stitches, I was feeling a bit better but still a little down. I thought my beach vacation was ruined. However, my parents had other plans. They brought me a delicious ice cream to cheer me up. Then, they sat with me on the beach, and we watched the beautiful sunset. The sky was painted in shades of orange, pink, and purple. They told me stories and made me laugh. Although I couldn’t swim, I could still enjoy the gentle sea breeze and the sound of the waves. I realized that even with a little setback, this vacation could still be wonderful. 【解析】 【导语】本文以一次海滩度假为线索展开，讲述“我”期末考试结束后，和父母前往海滩度假，游泳时腿部被划伤，医生检查后表示需要缝针，而“我”害怕打针。 【详解】1. 段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“医生准备好了必要的设备，让我躺下。”可知，第一段可描写“我”因害怕缝针而紧张，在父母安慰下鼓起勇气忍受疼痛，最终医生完成了缝针。 ②由第二段首句内容“缝完针后，我感觉好了一点，但还是有点沮丧。”可知，第二段可描写父母为安慰“我”采取的行动，让“我”意识到即便有小挫折，假期依然可以很美好。 2. 续写线索：准备缝针——忍受疼痛——缝针完成——父母安慰——感受美好 3. 词汇激活： 行为类 ①安慰：comfort/console/soothe ②忍受：endure/put up with/bear ③完成：finish/complete 情绪类 ①颤抖：tremble/shiver  ②美好：wonderful/splendid/marvelous 【点睛】[高分句型1] I was trembling with fear as I watched the doctor pick up the needle.(运用了从属连词as引导时间状语从句) [高分句型2] My parents stood by my side, holding my hands tightly and trying to comfort me.(运用了现在分词作伴随状语) [高分句型3] Although I couldn’t swim, I could still enjoy the gentle sea breeze and the sound of the waves.(运用了从属连词although引导让步状语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024-2025学年东北师大附中高三年级(英语)科试卷 下学期假期作业验收考试 考试时长: 120分钟 满分: 150分 第I卷 选择题(满分95分) 第一部分 听力(1-20小题)在笔试结束后进行。 听力(共两节, 满分30分) 第一节(共5小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What’s the relationship between the two speakers? A. Husband and wife. B. Teacher and student. C. Shop assistant and customer. 2. What does the woman want to do? A. Get her car fixed. B. Ask for directions. C. Look for a gas station. 3. When does the restaurant stop serving breakfast? A. At 10:20. B. At 10:40. C. At 10:45. 4. Where does the conversation take place? A. In a teahouse. B. In a kitchen. C. In an office. 5. What will the speakers do for the weekend? A. Go shopping. B. Enjoy some food. C. Go hiking. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟; 听完后, 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料, 回答第6、7题。 6. How did the thief probably get into the house? A. Through the window. B. Through the back door. C. Through the front door. 7. What will the woman probably do next? A. Report to the police. B. Get the damaged lock repaired. C. Write down a list of lost things. 听第7段材料, 回答第8至10题。 8. What is Steve busy doing right now? A. Writing music. B. Forming a band. C. Preparing for examinations. 9. Why does Steve choose the music hall for the concert? A. The sound effect there will be good. B. There is enough space for the audience. C. It’s the only place that hasn’t been booked yet. 10. When will the concert take place? A. Next Tuesday. B. Next Thursday. C. Next weekend. 听第8段材料, 回答第11至13题。 11. What has the weather been like in the UK recently? A. Rainy. B. Hot. C. Windy, 12. What is the problem with humans according to Aimee? A. Not respecting science. B. Denying climate change. C. Doing bad things to the earth. 13. What is the man’s attitude towards the climate change theory? A. Supportive. B. Doubtful. C. Critical. 听第9段材料, 回答第14至17题。 14. Why does Jane get sunburnt easily? A. She has very fair skin. B. She sunbathes too much. C. She never wears sunscreen cream. 15. What does the man like? A. Sunbathing on the beach. B. Swimming in the sea. C. Sitting in the shade. 16. What does the man think of diving? A. It’s boring. B. It’s stress-free. C. It’s eye-opening. 17. Why does the Danish girl swim when there is ice in the sea? A. She loves the special feeling. B. She wants to attract followers. C. She thinks it’s good for health. 听第10段材料, 回答第18至20题。 18. What is Simplified Speech? A. A language learning program. B. An interactive game show. C. A public speaking program. 19. What is the rat race? A. Unhurried life. B. Fierce competition. C. Successful business. 20 What can the interactive text allow you to do? A. Express whatever you like freely. B. Listen to the recording from any point. C. Learn about the details of a chosen topic. 第二部分 阅读(共两节, 满分50分) 第一节(共15小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。 A Whether you want to cook like a professional, or just do something fun for a team-building exercise, New York offers various cooking classes to fit your appetite. Here are four venues (场所) with classes year-round to help release your inner chef. Mille-Feuille Students come from all over to study and taste the two specialties — croissant and macaron — in the back of chef Olivier Dessyn’s popular Greenwich Village Bakery. Classes accommodate no more than eight students and run 1-1.5 hours, and everyone gets to bring home their finished baked goods and dough to practice more at home. Don’t-miss class: Both! Abigail’s Kitchen Chef Abigail Hitchcock is a renowned culinary authority who has appeared on shows like Chopped. Most lessons are limited to 10 students and are 3 hours long, though Shop-and-Cook classes, where students visit some of New York’s best international markets, are 5 hours. Don’t-miss class: Fresh Pasta is Hitchcock’s most popular class, featuring homemade pasta and seasonal sauces. Home Cooking New York For the past two decades, aspiring cooks have sought out Jennifer Clair’s classes. Clair, a professional cook and former magazine food editor, offers classes (2.5 hours) in two modern, fully stocked kitchen lofts downtown. While kids aged 12-15 can attend with an adult, there are kids-only weekend and holiday classes as well. Don’t-miss class: Six Basic Cooking Techniques, where you’ ll learn knife skills, meat cookery and vegetable roasting. Taste Buds Kitchen Taste Buds is the leading cooking school for kids by day, but at night it transforms into a space for grown-ups to cook up for fun. Kids’ popular class — Junior Chef — happens after school and on weekends. Most are 2 hours, but look for more in-depth, longer classes for holiday camps. Don’t-miss class: Sushi & Dumplings. 1. Which of the following offers the shortest class? A. Mille-Feuille. B. Abigail’s Kitchen. C. Taste Buds Kitchen. D. Home Cooking New York. 2. What do Home Cooking New York and Taste Buds Kitchen have in common? A. Both offer classes for kids on weekends. B. Both feature famous chefs in New York. C. Both involve making sushi and dumplings. D. Both are equipped with traditional kitchens. 3. In which section of a magazine can the text probably be found? A. Entertainment. B. Cuisine. C. Travel. D. Sports. B When I was a child I was often told what not to eat. “You don’t want to get fat” was on constant repeat throughout my childhood. It really messed up my relationship with food — something that took me years to overcome. Because of this, I’m careful not to connect what my kids weigh with their worth as people. I encourage my daughter to make healthy snack choices and often dissuade (劝阻) her from a second dessert. But one day when I heard her saying “I think I’m too fat,” my heart sank. It made me wonder if giving her advice on snacks was having an unintentionally negative impact. According to Charlotte Markey, a professor of psychology, food is one of the rare subjects where, as parents, saying less is more. “There are so many things in parenting that are good to talk through, but I’m not convinced that food is one of them,” she says. “It just creates some worries and insecurities in kids that aren’t necessarily healthy.” Instead, she recommends applying a well-known concept among nutrition experts called the “Division of Responsibility,” where parents provide a variety of mostly healthy foods to their kids at fixed times, and the kids themselves decide what and how much they want to consume — even if that means occasionally eating more cookies than carrots. Allowing kids to eat what they want also exposes them to the natural consequences of their decisions. “When your child says, ‘My stomach hurts.’ you can say, ‘Well you had a lot of sugary foods and you might feel better if you made some other choices,’” says Markey. “Let them feel like they have some control over it.” I’ve been trying out these strategies and I’ve found that when I’m less restrictive, they do make-better decisions. “Feeding is a long game,” says Markey: “The food you have available makes a hugo difference. Even if they don’t eat it, they’re seeing it. And then all of a sudden it clicks.” 4. What can be inferred about the author from the first paragraph? A. She is upset by her kids weight. B. She is critical of the way she was fed. C. She is interested in making food. D. She is particular about what she eats. 5. Which of the following would Markey disapprove of? A Allowing kids to eat cookies occasionally. B. Offering various foods to kids at fixed times. C. Explaining to kids the risks of taking snacks. D. Talking with kids about school at mealtimes. 6. What should kids do according to the “Division of Responsibility”? A. Make diet decisions on their own. B. Share their food with other kids. C. Eat up what is provided for them. D. Help their parents do the dishes. 7. What does the author think of the strategies she has been following? A. Costly. B. Complex. C. Workable. D. Contradictory. C A novel design approach to gardening has been gaining in popularity worldwide. Referred to as matrix planting, this approach aims for nature to do a lot more of the heavy lifting in the garden, and even some of the designing. Eschewing fertilizers (化肥) and power tools, it’s based on an elegantly simple principle: tó garden more like nature does. The concept was born when German city planners sought to plant large areas of parkland after World War II in a reproducible way that would need minimal maintenance. Planners created planting mixes that could be used modularly (模块化) in a matrix garden plants with similar cultural needs are grouped so that they will grow together above and below ground, forming a cooperative ecosystem that conserves water and discourages weeds. Dutch plantsman and designer Piet Oudolf’s gardens popularized this style, adding artistic flavors to the planting mixes while playing with color and form, including four-season interest and serving the needs of wildlife. Beautiful year-round, they invite you to enjoy the smallest detail, from the sound of grasses in the gentle wind to the sculpture of odd-looking seed heads. It takes a lot of thought to look this natural. While matrix gardens appear wild, they are carefully planned, with cultural needs the first consideration. Led by the concept of “right plant, right place,”, they match plants that enjoy the same soil, sun and weather conditions, and arrange them according to their patterns of growth. The benefits are substantial for both gardener and planet. With human inputs dramatically reduced, the garden’s ecology can develop well. Established, matrix gardens should not need the life support we give most gardens: fertilizer, dividing, regular watering. Compared to traditional garden plots, they increase carbon absorption, reduce stormwater runoff and boost habitat and biodiversity significantly. 8. What does the underlined word “Eschewing” in the first paragraph mean? A. Running out of. B. Keeping away from. C. Putting up with. D. Taking advantage of. 9. Why was the idea of matrix planting introduced? A. To control weeds in large gardens. B. To bring in foreign species of plants. C. To conserve soil and water resources. D. To develop low-maintenance parkland. 10. Which of the following best describes Pict Oudolf’s gardens? A. Traditional. B. Odd-looking. C. Tasteful. D. Well-protected. 11. Which of the following can be a suitable title for the text? A. The future of gardening is WILD. B. Nature treats all lives as EQUALS. C. Matrix gardens need more CARE. D. Old garden plots work WONDERS. D The abdominal cerebrum theory (肠脑理论) is a concept that suggests the gut (肠) has a complex network of neurons capable of independent action and decision-making, which is called the “second brain”. This theory stresses the importance of the enteric (肠道的) nervous system (ENS), which is responsible for controlling digestion, but recent research suggests it may play a larger role in overall health and well-being. The ENS consists of over 100 million neurons. These neurons communicate with each other and with the central nervous system (CNS), allowing for both local reflexes and coordination with the CNS. One of the most convincing aspects of the abdominal cerebrum theory is the ENS’s ability to function autonomously. While it receives input from the CNS it can operate independently, regulating processes such as blood flow and gut movement. This nature demonstrates its resemblance to a “second brain”. The gut-brain axis is a bidirectional communication network linking the ENS and the CNS. This interaction goes beyond mere signaling; it involves neurotransmitters like serotonin(90% of which is produced in the gut) and dopamine. These chemicals influence mood, anxiety, and even cognition, suggesting that gut health directly impacts mental health. Emerging research indicates that conditions like tiredness, and even depression and anxiety are linked to an imbalance in the gut microbiota (肠道菌群). The ENS also plays a crucial role in diseases such as obesity and diabetes. Despite its appeal, the abdominal cerebrum theory faces several criticisms. Some argue that while the theory acknowledges the ENS is complex, labeling it as a “second brain” may oversimplify or mislead. Others point out that more research is needed to fully understand its precise role in various health conditions. Moreover, translating basic research into clinical applications remains challenging. The interplay between genetics, lifestyle factors, and environmental influences complicates efforts to develop targeted therapies based on the theory. 12. Why is the gut often called the “second brain”? A. Because it contains millions of neurons. B. Because it can function independently. C. Because it controls all body functions. D. Because it impacts overall well-being. 13. Which of the following is among the functions of the ENS? A. Controlling the operation of the CNS. B. Disturbing the performance of the CNS. C. Regulating digestion and gut movement. D. Coordinating blood flow and muscle movement. 14. According to paragraph 4, what can be learnt about neurotransmitters? A. They are mostly produced in the brain. B. They impact both mood and cognition. C. They are not important for gut health. D. They only affect our physical health. 15. Why is the theory criticized? A. Because it has no prospects of clinic applications. B. Because it denies the complexity of the ENS. C. Because it may cause misunderstanding. D. Because it hasn’t been studied so far. 第二节(共5小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分) 根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 One of the most common mistakes in communication is trying to do too much. ____16____ There’s no value in delivering any kind of communication, whether written, spoken, formal, or informal, if the message doesn’t come across clearly. Being clear and brief — while maintaining interest and including everything your listeners need to know — is a high-level communication skill. Here are some tips worth following in order to communicate more effectively. ●Keep your audience in mind. Your audience will naturally be more interested and engaged when you tailor your communications to their interests. ____17____ This will engage their desire to understand and interact with the information. ●Don’t use ten words when one will do. Even the most engaged and committed audience will eventually get bored. Keeping your message simple and clear will make it easier for people to understand. ____18____ However, they’re hearing it for the first time. Keep it simple. ●____19____ If you’ve ever worked as an instructor, manager, trainer or coach, you’ll know that there are few better ways to learn new information than to teach it. Ask the audience to contribute their ideas or to take a role in explaining new concepts and policies to others. Allow them to lead discussions and meetings to develop their communication skills. ●Consider the best method to deliver your message. If the information you’re communicating isn’t urgent, consider sending an email. Written communication will give your audience more time to review it, think it over, and follow up with questions. ____20____ Building effective communication skills takes time, but the effects are worth the effort. A. Be patient. B. Get the audience involved. C. The best messages are often simple. D. Speak directly to what matters to them. E. You may be surprised by what your listeners offer. F. It will also give them a handy record to refer back to. G. As the speaker, you already know what you’re going to say. 第三部分语言运用 第一节(共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分) 阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Ellie Walker, a 22-year-old employee at the British grocery chain Sainsbury’s, experienced something extraordinary. Known for her ____21____ behavior, Ellie enjoyed the daily chat with customers but never ____22____ how deeply these interactions could impact her life. It was during one of these ____23____ conversations that Ellie encountered Edwin Holmes, an 86-year-old regular ____24____. Their interaction took a turn when Edwin told Ellie about his loneliness, ____25____ that he had no one to spend Christmas with. This ____26____ made Ellie feel sympathy for Edwin, as she couldn’t ____27____ the thought of Edwin spending the festive season ____28____. Moved by Edwin’s situation, Ellie ____29____ to extend a gesture (表示) of kindness. She invited him to join her for a Christmas meal, hoping to create a memorable and joyous _____30_____ for both of them. It was a simple _____31_____, but one that meant much for Edwin. The Christmas dinner was a special and emotional event. Edwin _____32_____, looking neat in a suit, with a bunch of flowers in hand for Ellie. It was a moment of genuine connection, taking the usual customer-employee relationship to a different level. Ellie’s _____33_____ to Edwin was more than just a kind gesture; it was a lifeline. From that _____34_____ Christmas dinner, a beautiful friendship developed. Ellie and Edwin began meeting regularly for coffee, sharing stories and enjoying each other’s _____35_____. Their relationship, which started with casual conversations in a grocery store, had grown into a meaningful friendship. 21. A. suspicious B. friendly C. changeable D. odd 22. A. anticipated B. assessed C. required D. consulted 23 A. lengthy B. pointless C. routine D. secret 24. A. agent B. candidate C. donor D. customer 25. A. revealing B. securing C. doubting D. predicting 26. A. pressure B. discovery C. signature D. trick 27. A. block B. express C. bear D. push 28. A. abroad B. comfortably C. noisily D. alone 29. A. determined B. agreed C. begged D. hesitated 30. A. adventure B. phase C. start D. experience 31. A. mission B. act C. style D. plot 32. A. called out B. cheered up C. showed up D. settled down 33. A. solution B. invitation C. approach D. contribution 34. A. quick B. annual C. memorable D. farewell 35. A. challenge B. forgiveness C. recognition D. company 第II卷非选择题(满分55分) 第二节(共 20小题; 满分30分) I. 选择正确的短语并用其适当形式完成句子。(共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分15分) 选择正确的短语并用其适当形式完成句子 draw up for fear of at the expense of complain about in detail correspond with be engaged in critical of by chance in exchange for 36. We’d better discuss everything ________ before we work out the plan. 37. We’d better ________ a rough contract and then talk it over at our next meeting. 38. It is illegal for a public official to ask people for gifts or money ________ favors to them. 39. A study shows the students who ________ after-school activities are happier than whose who are not. 40. People often don’t do what they really want to ________ failure. 41. Modernity is usually achieved ________ elegance. 42. Perhaps most of us aren’t as extreme at fault-finding, but when we’re honest, we can be sharply ________ the world. 43. She still ________ friends she met in Majorca nine years ago. 44. An artist who was recently traveling on a ferry (渡船) to the southern island discovered ________a long lost antique Greek vase. 45. How many adults, who now ________ the long drives to work, eagerly drove for hours at a time when they first obtained their driver’s licenses. II. 语法填空(共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分15分) 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 46. The ___(disappear) of the wolves had many unexpected results. (所给词的适当形式填空） 47. It is this that distinguished humans ________ machines. (用适当的词填空) 48. Mike isn’t a good citizen, because he often attempts to escape ________ (fine) whenever he breaks traffic regulations. (所给词的适当形式填空) 49. ________ the eve of the Lantern Festival, all the lanterns are hung up. (用适当的词填空) 50. Listening is thus an active, not a passive, behavior_________(consist) of hearing, understanding and remembering. (所给词的适当形式填空) 51. What is important is feeding a baby in the best way, though it may cause some ________ (convenience). (所给词的适当形式填空) 52. Her teacher demanded that homework ________ (hand) in on time. (所给词的适当形式填空) 53. When the polluting industries argue that we’ve lost the battle to control carbon pollution and have no choice but ________ (adapt), it’s a nonsense designed to make the case for business as usual. (所给词的适当形式填空) 54. ________________ (compare) to other alternatives, it’s comfortable and relaxing. （所给词的适当形式填空） 55. At this point, ________ is not clear why dogs seem to be equipped with the ability to recognize different facial expressions in humans. (用适当的词填空) III. 读后续写(满分25分) 56. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。 It was a beautiful sunny day. I had just finished my final exams and was looking forward to a relaxing summer vacation. My parents had promised to take me to my favorite beach for a week-long getaway. We packed our bags, loaded the car, and set off on our journey. The drive to the beach was long but pleasant. We sang along to our favorite songs, played car games, and stopped at a few interesting places along the way. As we got closer to the beach, I could smell the salty sea air and feel the excitement building up inside me. Finally, we arrived at our beachfront hotel. It was a charming little place with a swimming pool and direct access to the beach. We checked in, unpacked our things, and immediately headed for the beach. The sand was warm and soft under my feet, and the waves were crashing gently on the shore. I couldn’t wait to jump in and go for a swim. I was having a great time splashing around in the water when suddenly I felt a sharp pain in my leg. I cried out in pain and tried to swim back to the shore. My parents, who were sitting on the beach, saw me struggling and rushed into the water to help me. When they pulled me out, they saw that my leg was bleeding. It seemed that I had been cut by something sharp in the water. My father quickly carried me back to the hotel and called for a doctor. The doctor examined my leg and said that the cut was deep and needed stitches. I was terrified at the thought of getting stitches. I had always been afraid of needles. 注意: 1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右； 2. 续写部分分为两段, 每段的开头语已为你写好。 Paragraph 1: The doctor prepared the necessary equipment and told me to lie down. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: After getting the stitches, I was feeling a bit better but still a little down. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$