精品解析：重庆市第八中学校2024-2025学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题

重庆八中2024—2025学年度（上）高二年级期末考试 英语试题 （试题满分：150分考试时间：120分钟） 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从试题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What will the woman take with her? A. A sports bag. B. A suitcase. C. A backpack. 2. Why did the man call off his trip? A. The weather was bad. B. He wasn't interested in it. C. There was an urgent situation. 3. What will the woman do? A. Collect some plants. B. Go to work in the lab. C. Deliver some materials. 4. How does the man feel about his grandmother's moving in? A. Appreciative. B. Surprised. C. Anxious. 5. Where is the woman's book now? A. On a bed. B. On a desk. C. In a chest. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What is the man's primary concern about the investment? A. The profit. B. The safety. C. The flexibility. 7. What is the woman going to do? A. Show the man a website. B. Give the man a user guide. C. Open an account for the man. 听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。 8 Where are the speakers? A. In the man's house. B. On a plane. C. At an airport. 9. What does the woman suggest the man do? A. Use the fast check-in service. B. Take the blue suitcase on board. C. Let his children go through security first. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. What is Simon's main job responsibility? A. Selling products. B. Developing software. C. Providing customer support. 11. What is the function of the software? A. To analyze market trends. B. To work out production costs. C. To manage relations with customers. 12. How many employees work at Simon's company? A. 3. B. 12. C. 13. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. What are Nicole and Anthony? A. Film actors. B. News reporters. C. Radio presenters. 14. What is the speakers' opinion on the new James Bond actor? A. He was good but not the best. B. He was a typical James Bond actor. C. He made the character unbelievable. 15. Which does Nicole think was good about the movie? A. The music. B. The story. C. The special effects. 16. What rating does Anthony give the movie? A. Two stars. B. Four stars. C. Five stars. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. What is Tim mainly talking about? A The career of him and Sam. B. The development of his musical talent. C. The experiences of being twin brothers. 18. When was Tim born? A. In January. B. In October. C. In December. 19. What is probably the physical difference between the twins? A. The hair. B. The build. C. The voice. 20. What can we learn about Tim? A. He is less confident than Sam. B. He is not interested in going out. C. He is going to put out Soul Brothers. 第二部分 阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Meet Yellowstone’s Four Mammal Friends Bison Bison, which are herbivores (食草动物), can reach a weight of 2,000 pounds. Despite their large size, they are highly agile (敏捷的), capable of running at speeds up to 30 mph and jumping vertically (垂直地) up to six feet. In 1902, America’s wild bison had decreased to only two dozen due to over-hunting. Conservation efforts increased the Yellowstone bison population to 4,800 in 2023. See them in Hayden, Lamar and Pelican valleys. Gray Wolf Gray wolves had gone extinct in Yellowstone until 14 were reintroduced in 1995. Today, approximately 108 wolves live here. These social animals live in groups and can be gray, white or black. They hunt elk, deer and bison near dawn and dusk thanks to their excellent night vision. For your best chance of seeing them, head to Lamar or Hayden valleys or Blacktail Deer Plateau in the early morning. Elk Up to 20,000 elk summer in Yellowstone, but most move to lower altitude in the winter months. Elk are a large member of the deer family and can be identified by their size and white legs. Mating season, known as “the rut”, occurs each fall when male elk fight with each other for females. It’s characterized by their haunting bugling sound. In the summer, see them in Cascade Meadows, Madison Canyon and Lamar Valley. Grizzly Bear One of two species of bears in Yellowstone, grizzlies are big. They can weigh up to 700pounds and have a distinctive hump between their shoulders. Grizzlies are omnivores (杂食动物) and will eat bugs, plants, fish and mammals. Approximately 150 live in Yellowstone and if you’re lucky, you may spot them in the Hayden and Lamar valleys, north of Mount Washington and between Fishing Bridge and the East Entrance. 1. What is the reason for the decline of America’s wild bison population by 1902? A. Habitat loss. B. Climate change. C. Infectious disease. D. Unlimited hunting. 2. Which statement is TRUE about gray wolves in Yellowstone? A. They were reintroduced in 1902. B. They mainly hunt during the midday. C. They can only be found in Lamar Valley. D. They live in packs and can have different colors. 3. Where are you most likely to encounter all the four mammals in Yellowstone? A. Madison Canyon. B. Lamar Valley. C. Pelican Valley. D. Hayden Valley. B Every so often, Margo Jimenez says, her husband would come home from work with injuries. “One day, he came home with a black eye, his glasses were broken, and he had bites on his arm,” Margo recalled. “I said, ‘Well, did you report it?’ He said, ‘No.’ I said, ‘Why not?’ He said, ‘Margo, because it happens all the time.’” Fred Jimenez worked as a special education instructional assistant for the Northside Independent School District in San Antonio. He helped students with disabilities meet their learning and physical needs, and his job involved everything from diaper changes (换尿布) to helping students with hands-on instruction to managing violent outbursts. On Feb.7, a violent outburst sent him to the hospital when a high school student with a cognitive pushed him, causing a fall that led to a brain bleed. Kreusel, a teacher who worked with Fred, has taught middle schoolers with cognitive disabilities for the past 15 years. She said she loves her students, and doesn’t blame them for hurting her. Many of them have their own triggers, and Kreusel says she does her best to learn them. But she isn’t always able to avoid an outburst. “The student may be aggressive, but it doesn’t mean they are targeting you because they hate you,” Kreusel said. “It’s usually something that has happened, and they might be nonverbal. They can’t express it, and they just blow up.” According to the U. S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, most students with developmental disabilities aren’t any more aggressive than other students. But for some, their disability can lead to frustration and, in turn, aggression. That can make it harder for school districts to hire special education staff, at a time when schools across the country are struggling to fill these positions. And a recent federal survey found, nationwide, special education vacancies (空缺) are the most difficult for schools to fill. She thinks she and her colleagues will continue to get hurt until the district hires more instructional assistants and pays them well enough that they’re willing to stay. 4. How does the author start the passage? A. By making up a sad story. B. By presenting a conversation. C. By describing a family conflict. D. By providing statistics about injuries. 5. What can we learn about Fred's job? A. It requires little patience and skills. B It may involve unexpected risks of injury. C. It demands a significant amount of physical labor. D. It aims to improve students’ academic performance. 6. What kind of person is Kreusel? A. Loving and devoted. B. Humorous and gentle. C. Ambitious and sociable. D. Creative and outgoing. 7. What can we infer from the last paragraphs? A. Aggression is the main cause of workplace injury. B. Special education vacancies are declining nationwide. C. Workplace injuries in special education are a concern. D. Special students are more aggressive than other students. C Using naturally-occurring resources for construction, such as wood and bamboo, have been used for centuries. However, there is one naturally-available resource that is commonly found in our lives and has great potential but has not been very well explored: sodium chloride, also known as table salt. In the past, salt was often viewed as a precious product because surface salt was hard to come by and difficult to obtain. Nowadays, salt is an affordable, common product. It is excellent at storing heat and humidity and is antibacterial and fire-resistant. Additionally, because of its structure, it is hard to permeate. It also has many qualities that make it versatile (多用途的) in the food, chemical and health industries. Raw salt materials have been used throughout history, especially in areas near salt flats. Written records of cities, such as Getta near Damascus and Taghaza in Mali, show those buildings were primarily made of salt blocks. This material was used because of the location’s classness to salt mines and lack of other viable construction materials. Atelier Luma, a French design firm, has developed a process of creating sustainable salt cladding panels. They also intend to strengthen the local salt industry through the production of this material. Saltwater from the Rhône river delta (三角洲) in southern France has been used to produce salt throughout history. Through extensive research, Atelier Luma designers used this local resource to their advantage. They developed a way of growing crystallized salt panels using a metal mesh submerged underwater, maximizing the natural salt crystallization (结晶化) process that occurs there. Atelier Luma’s salt panels can be seen at Frank Gehry’s tower at Luma Arles, specifically at the Wall of Salt. This is the first large-scale application of salt cladding. Through increased exploration of salt as a building material, salt-based materials could serve as viable alternatives to traditional construction materials. Because of increased seawater desalination (淡化) and potash (钾肥) mining for agricultural fertilizers, there is an abundance of salt that is produced as a by-product of these processes. This has resulted in the resource becoming more easily available than at any other time in history. 8. Why was salt used for building in Getta and Taghaza? A. Because salt was a versatile product. B. Because salt proved available and practical. C. Because salt blocks prevented the spread of disease. D. Because salt was lighter than other building materials. 9. Which of the following is correct about Atelier Luma? A. It is located in the Rhone river delta. B. It pioneers the way of developing salt panels. C. It maximizes natural salt production in France. D. It applies salt cladding panels for the first time. 10. Which characteristic of salt is stressed in the last paragraph? A. Abundance. B. Desalination. C. Durability. D. Strength. 11. What would be the best title of the passage? A. The Past and Present of Salt Industry. B. Salt: The Most Sustainable Building Material. C. Atelier Luma: A Promising Design Company. D. The Rise of Salt as an Eco-Friendly Building Material. D Hibernation (冬眠) is a classic topic of science fiction. In movies such as 2001: A Space Odyssey, Alien, or Passengers, crew members are put into a state of sleep to take year-long journeys to space. Now a new study from Washington University has shown that human hibernation may soon become a reality. The research team carried out tests on rats — animals that do not naturally hibernate. They first identified a group of neurons (神经元) in a deep brain region, which were found to be involved in controlling body temperature during hibernation. They showed that, in mice, these neurons could be stimulated using ultrasound (超声波), which was delivered through a helmet without causing an injury. When receiving the ultrasound, the mice showed a drop in body temperature of about3°C, and their heart rates fell by about 47%. When the ultrasound system was switched off, they woke up again. The result was “surprising and fascinating”, said Hong Chen, a professor who led the work. Researchers are also trying to determine how to harness the power of hibernation to help humans. They believe that it could be key to addressing health conditions like heart disease, and Alzheimer’s. Furthermore, hibernation’s ability to slow aging, which was observed in bats, could benefit space exploration, enabling longer missions with less food requirements. Research in animals also suggests that bodies of hibernating astronauts might lose less bone and muscle, making them fit and ready to start challenging exploration soon after they wake up. By unlocking the secrets of this remarkable process, researchers may uncover ways to improve human health, as well as gain new insights into the natural world. Therefore, the exploration of hibernation is an exciting area that is sure to yield numerous benefits in the years to come. The scientists now plan to look at how lowered body temperature might affect the cognitive abilities of humans. “Our next experiments will test working memory in monkeys. This is important because while astronauts physically hibernate as they fly into deep space, their brain still needs to be working,” said Chen. 12. How did researchers put rats into hibernation? A By lowering their body temperature. B. By activating specific brain neurons. C. By putting a regular helmet on them. D. By using ultrasound through an operation. 13. What does the underlined word “harness” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Employ. B. Challenge. C. Overlook. D. Discover. 14. What advantage might hibernation bring to humans? A. It improves people’s mental health. B. It predicts a variety of heart diseases. C. It helps astronauts keep physically fit. D. It enables astronauts to build up muscle. 15. What’s the purpose of the last paragraph? A. To point out the significance of the study. B. To bring out the focus of follow-up studies. C. To discuss other factors affecting hibernation. D. To explain practical applications of the finding. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Go Gardening Gardening provides numerous benefits beyond just fresh vegetables and flowers. It can also aid in weight management, fitness, and mental sharpness. There are more advantages. It’s a fun workout. ____16____ But if you find the idea of working in a garden a bit dull, knowing it's doing you good physically might make it more entertaining. You plant seeds, pull up weeds, move pots, and push a lawnmower (剪草机) etc. ____17____ Even better, whatever your age, it is an activity with a purpose — and one that might keep you in motion longer than traditional exercise. It reduces your risk of heart disease. Even though gardening may not involve high-intensity exercise, it still provides heart-health benefits. ____18____ The benefits come from a combination of physical exercise and the stress reduction that ‘playing in the dirt’ provides. ____19____ Having dirt under your fingernails may be a sign of poor hygiene (卫生), but scientists say it could also be a mark of good health. Thanks to beneficial bacteria found in soil, gardening may improve your immune system, helping you get sick less and fight off infections easier, according to research that includes a 2015 study published in the international journal Immuno Targets and Therapy. It increases co-ordination (配合) and strength. Hand and finger strength, flexibility and coordination are essential for everyday tasks like opening jars, carrying packages and picking up children. ____20____ A. It boosts your immune system. B. It helps you stay fit physically and mentally. C. It’s nice to get out in the garden on a sunny day to give it a tidy. D. In fact, gardening can contribute to reducing the risk of a heart attack. E. Gardening is a great way to maintain those fine motor (肌肉运动的) skills and muscles. F. The gardening tasks actually provide a whole-body workout for adults over 65 years old. G. More than just good exercise for your body, gardening provides a workout for your brain. 第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 When I was little, my family lived in my Nana’s old house, surrounded by gardens and flowers. On the back porch Nana had dozens of potted plants hanging on hooks. She watered them, talked to them and ____21____ them. In winter, she brought them inside and placed them on shelves by the windows. With a little water and a lot of ____22____, she kept them alive and green during the coldest months. As a boy I was puzzled by all the ____23____ she put into them. I understood the vegetable gardens. They helped to ____24____ the family all winter long. I even understood the flowers around the house. They were pretty and ____25____ so sweet in the summer months. The reason she put so much effort into caring for those potted plants, however, ____26____ me. They didn’t give us any food and they ____27____ had flowers on them. They remained a ____28____ to my child’s mind. Now as I’ve grown ____29____ I am beginning to understand why my Nana had those potted plants. It is the same reason I have so many pictures of ______30______ and forests hanging in my home. They ______31______ me during the dark, cold, winter months full of bare trees and yellow grass that light, love, and growth still ______32______. They convey a message that ______33______ will come again. Today I see Nana’s potted plants in a new ______34______. They were worth every bit of the love and care she put into them. Although she is in Heaven now, Nana ______35______ my greatest reminder in every stage of my life. 21. A. sold B. tended C. controlled D. described 22. A. interest B. curiosity C. love D. duty 23. A. efforts B. money C. stress D. skills 24. A. feed B. unite C. cheer D. organize 25. A. felt B. tasted C. looked D. smelled 26. A. frustrated B. excited C. reassured D. escaped 27 A. always B. occasionally C. barely D. completely 28. A. mystery B. promise C. explanation D. burden 29. A. smarter B. older C. stronger D. happier 30. A. sunrises B. deserts C. buildings D. trains 31. A. warn B. confirm C. remind D. impress 32. A. change B. pass C. stop D. exist 33. A. spring B. summer C. autumn D. winter 34. A. world B. manner C. direction D. house 35. A. serves as B. contributes to C. agrees on D. sets up 第二节单词拼写（满分15分） 根据首字母或中文提示，用选择性必修一 Unit1-4 中单词的正确形式填空。 36. Marie Curie c______ herself to her groundbreaking research in radioactivity (放射现象). (根据首字母单词拼写) 37. ______ (显然), the restaurant is fully booked, so we’ll need to make a reservation next time. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 38. There are groups of Amish people who live happily in the a______ of new technology. (根据首字母单词拼写) 39. Everyone has different ______ (喜好) when it comes to choosing a favorite type of music. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 40. The serene beauty of the sunset made us feel ______ (幸运的) to witness nature’s wonders. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 41. The children ______ (逗乐) by the magic show, their eyes wide with wonder. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 42. The school enforced a b______ on mobile phones during exams to maintain focus. (根据首字母单词拼写) 43. Despite their i______ appearance, the sisters had very different personalities. (根据首字母单词拼写) 44. The police officer ______ (目睹) the entire accident and provided a detailed report. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 45. The two nations have been engaged in c______ over territorial boundaries for decades. (根据首字母单词拼写) 请用所学知识完成以下单句语法填空。 46. I______ (fly) to New York at this time the day after tomorrow. (所给词的适当形式填空) 47. I worked at a panda conservation center in China, ______ saw a significant increase in panda population numbers. (用适当的词填空) 48. ______ (defeat) in the competition made her reevaluate her strategy. (所给词的适当形式填空) 49. The old man told the story as if he ______ (live) through the ancient times. (所给词的适当形式填空) 50. They spent hours preparing for the presentation, only ______ (inform) that it had been rescheduled. (所给词的适当形式填空) 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 应用文写作（满分15分） 51. 假定你是李华，你的美国朋友Peter寒假要来中国旅游，他希望你推荐一家中国主题公园，请你给他写一封邮件，内容包括： 1. 主题公园的名字和位置； 2. 你推荐的理由； 3. 表示欢迎。 注意：1. 词数80左右；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Peter, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节 读后续写（满分25分） 52. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写一段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 In today’s world, where negativity often takes center stage, it’s easy to overlook the simple acts of kindness that can bring joy to someone’s life. I recently had a personal experience that reminded me of this during a particularly challenging week. My week had been filled with problems, from work-related stress to unexpected bills and broken items. By the time I needed to go to the store for a few essentials, I was already feeling overwhelmed and at my breaking point. Despite my desire to just go home and relax, I made the trip across town to the store. When I arrived, I found the parking lot packed, which only added to my frustration. To make matters worse, the person next to my intended parking spot seemed to think their small car was entitled (有资格) to take up two spaces. After finally finding a spot, I realized that I had left my purse, including my debit card (借记卡) and checkbook (支票簿), at home. Fortunately, I had a small amount of cash and my coupon (优惠券) book, so I decided to go inside and make the best of it. The store was bustling with people, but I managed to find the items I needed and got in line to check out. However, the line seemed to move at a snail’s pace, and my patience was wearing thin. As I waited, I couldn’t help but feel my stress levels rising. That’s when I noticed an old lady standing behind me in line. She seemed to sense my anxiety and cast a kind smile at me. I awkwardly returned the smile and continued to wait. After a seemingly endless wait, it was finally my turn to check out. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右：2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 However, what happened next was out of my expectation. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ As I was about to return for more cash, I suddenly felt a tap on my shoulder. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 听力1-5: ACCAC 6-10: BACAA 11-15: BBCBA 16-20: BCBCA 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 重庆八中2024—2025学年度（上）高二年级期末考试 英语试题 （试题满分：150分考试时间：120分钟） 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从试题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What will the woman take with her? A. A sports bag. B. A suitcase. C. A backpack. 2. Why did the man call off his trip? A. The weather was bad. B. He wasn't interested in it. C. There was an urgent situation. 3. What will the woman do? A. Collect some plants. B. Go to work in the lab. C. Deliver some materials. 4. How does the man feel about his grandmother's moving in? A. Appreciative. B. Surprised. C. Anxious. 5. Where is the woman's book now? A. On a bed. B. On a desk. C. In a chest. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What is the man's primary concern about the investment? A. The profit. B. The safety. C. The flexibility. 7. What is the woman going to do? A. Show the man a website. B. Give the man a user guide. C. Open an account for the man. 听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。 8. Where are the speakers? A. In the man's house. B. On a plane. C. At an airport. 9. What does the woman suggest the man do? A. Use the fast check-in service. B. Take the blue suitcase on board. C. Let his children go through security first. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. What is Simon's main job responsibility? A. Selling products. B. Developing software. C. Providing customer support. 11. What is the function of the software? A. To analyze market trends. B. To work out production costs. C. To manage relations with customers. 12. How many employees work at Simon's company? A. 3. B. 12. C. 13. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. What are Nicole and Anthony? A. Film actors. B. News reporters. C. Radio presenters. 14. What is the speakers' opinion on the new James Bond actor? A. He was good but not the best. B. He was a typical James Bond actor. C. He made the character unbelievable. 15. Which does Nicole think was good about the movie? A. The music. B. The story. C. The special effects. 16. What rating does Anthony give the movie? A. Two stars. B. Four stars. C. Five stars. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. What is Tim mainly talking about? A. The career of him and Sam. B. The development of his musical talent. C. The experiences of being twin brothers. 18. When was Tim born? A. In January. B. In October. C. In December. 19. What is probably the physical difference between the twins? A. The hair. B. The build. C. The voice. 20. What can we learn about Tim? A. He is less confident than Sam. B. He is not interested in going out. C. He is going to put out Soul Brothers. 第二部分 阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Meet Yellowstone’s Four Mammal Friends Bison Bison, which are herbivores (食草动物), can reach a weight of 2,000 pounds. Despite their large size, they are highly agile (敏捷的), capable of running at speeds up to 30 mph and jumping vertically (垂直地) up to six feet. In 1902, America’s wild bison had decreased to only two dozen due to over-hunting. Conservation efforts increased the Yellowstone bison population to 4,800 in 2023. See them in Hayden, Lamar and Pelican valleys. Gray Wolf Gray wolves had gone extinct in Yellowstone until 14 were reintroduced in 1995. Today, approximately 108 wolves live here. These social animals live in groups and can be gray, white or black. They hunt elk, deer and bison near dawn and dusk thanks to their excellent night vision. For your best chance of seeing them, head to Lamar or Hayden valleys or Blacktail Deer Plateau in the early morning. Elk Up to 20,000 elk summer in Yellowstone, but most move to lower altitude in the winter months. Elk are a large member of the deer family and can be identified by their size and white legs. Mating season, known as “the rut”, occurs each fall when male elk fight with each other for females. It’s characterized by their haunting bugling sound. In the summer, see them in Cascade Meadows, Madison Canyon and Lamar Valley. Grizzly Bear One of two species of bears in Yellowstone, grizzlies are big. They can weigh up to 700pounds and have a distinctive hump between their shoulders. Grizzlies are omnivores (杂食动物) and will eat bugs, plants, fish and mammals. Approximately 150 live in Yellowstone and if you’re lucky, you may spot them in the Hayden and Lamar valleys, north of Mount Washington and between Fishing Bridge and the East Entrance. 1. What is the reason for the decline of America’s wild bison population by 1902? A. Habitat loss. B. Climate change. C. Infectious disease. D. Unlimited hunting. 2. Which statement is TRUE about gray wolves in Yellowstone? A. They were reintroduced in 1902. B. They mainly hunt during the midday. C. They can only be found in Lamar Valley. D. They live in packs and can have different colors. 3. Where are you most likely to encounter all the four mammals in Yellowstone? A. Madison Canyon. B. Lamar Valley. C. Pelican Valley. D. Hayden Valley. 【答案】1. D 2. D 3. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了美国黄石公园内的四种哺乳动物。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Bison部分中“In 1902, America’s wild bison had decreased to only two dozen due to over-hunting. (1902年，由于过度捕猎，北美野生野牛的数量已减少到仅剩24头)”可知，1902年北美野牛数量下降的原因是无限制的狩猎。故选D项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Gray Wolf部分中“These social animals live in groups and can be gray, white or black. (这些群居动物以群体的方式生活，它们的毛色可能是灰色、白色或黑色)”可知，黄石公园的灰狼群居，有不同的颜色。故选D项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Bison部分中“See them in Hayden, Lamar and Pelican valleys. (在黄石国家公园的海登谷地、拉马尔山谷和鹈鹕谷可以看到它们)”、Gray Wolf部分中“For your best chance of seeing them, head to Lamar or Hayden valleys or Blacktail Deer Plateau in the early morning. (为了增加看到它们的最佳机会，请在清晨前往拉马尔山谷、海登谷地或黑尾鹿高原)”、Elk部分中“In the summer, see them in Cascade Meadows, Madison Canyon and Lamar Valley. (在夏季，可以在喀斯喀特草甸、麦迪逊峡谷和拉马尔山谷看到它们)”和Grizzly Bear部分中“Approximately 150 live in Yellowstone and if you’re lucky, you may spot them in the Hayden and Lamar valleys, north of Mount Washington and between Fishing Bridge and the East Entrance. (大约有150头生活在黄石公园内，如果你足够幸运，可能会在海登谷地、拉马尔山谷、华盛顿山以北以及钓鱼桥和东入口之间的区域看到它们)”可知，在拉马尔山谷，我们最有可能遇到黄石公园的所有四种哺乳动物。故选B项。 B Every so often, Margo Jimenez says, her husband would come home from work with injuries. “One day, he came home with a black eye, his glasses were broken, and he had bites on his arm,” Margo recalled. “I said, ‘Well, did you report it?’ He said, ‘No.’ I said, ‘Why not?’ He said, ‘Margo, because it happens all the time.’” Fred Jimenez worked as a special education instructional assistant for the Northside Independent School District in San Antonio. He helped students with disabilities meet their learning and physical needs, and his job involved everything from diaper changes (换尿布) to helping students with hands-on instruction to managing violent outbursts. On Feb.7, a violent outburst sent him to the hospital when a high school student with a cognitive pushed him, causing a fall that led to a brain bleed. Kreusel, a teacher who worked with Fred, has taught middle schoolers with cognitive disabilities for the past 15 years. She said she loves her students, and doesn’t blame them for hurting her. Many of them have their own triggers, and Kreusel says she does her best to learn them. But she isn’t always able to avoid an outburst. “The student may be aggressive, but it doesn’t mean they are targeting you because they hate you,” Kreusel said. “It’s usually something that has happened, and they might be nonverbal. They can’t express it, and they just blow up.” According to the U. S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, most students with developmental disabilities aren’t any more aggressive than other students. But for some, their disability can lead to frustration and, in turn, aggression. That can make it harder for school districts to hire special education staff, at a time when schools across the country are struggling to fill these positions. And a recent federal survey found, nationwide, special education vacancies (空缺) are the most difficult for schools to fill. She thinks she and her colleagues will continue to get hurt until the district hires more instructional assistants and pays them well enough that they’re willing to stay. 4. How does the author start the passage? A. By making up a sad story. B. By presenting a conversation. C. By describing a family conflict. D. By providing statistics about injuries. 5. What can we learn about Fred's job? A. It requires little patience and skills. B. It may involve unexpected risks of injury. C. It demands a significant amount of physical labor. D. It aims to improve students’ academic performance. 6. What kind of person is Kreusel? A. Loving and devoted. B. Humorous and gentle. C. Ambitious and sociable. D. Creative and outgoing. 7. What can we infer from the last paragraphs? A. Aggression is the main cause of workplace injury. B. Special education vacancies are declining nationwide. C. Workplace injuries in special education are a concern. D. Special students are more aggressive than other students. 【答案】4. B 5. B 6. A 7. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是新闻报道。报道了特殊教育工作者在工作中面临的暴力和伤害问题。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Every so often, Margo Jimenez says, her husband would come home from work with injuries. “One day, he came home with a black eye, his glasses were broken, and he had bites on his arm,” Margo recalled. “I said, ‘Well, did you report it?’ He said, ‘No.’ I said, ‘Why not?’ He said, ‘Margo, because it happens all the time.’”(Margo Jimenez说，她的丈夫经常带着伤下班回家。“有一天，他带着黑眼圈回家，眼镜碎了，手臂上有咬痕，”Margo回忆说。“我说，‘好吧，你报告了吗？’他说：‘不。’我说：‘为什么不呢？’他说，‘Margo，因为这种事经常发生。’”)”可知，作者通过展示一段对话开始这篇文章。故选B项。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“Fred Jimenez worked as a special education instructional assistant for the Northside Independent School District in San Antonio. He helped students with disabilities meet their learning and physical needs, and his job involved everything from diaper changes (换尿布) to helping students with hands-on instruction to managing violent outbursts. On Feb.7, a violent outburst sent him to the hospital when a high school student with a cognitive pushed him, causing a fall that led to a brain bleed.(Fred Jimenez是圣安东尼奥北部独立学区的一名特殊教育教学助理。他帮助残疾学生满足他们的学习和身体需求，他的工作涉及方方面面，从换尿布到帮助学生进行动手指导，再到控制暴力爆发。2月7日，一名患有认知障碍的高中生推了他一下，结果他摔倒，脑出血，导致他被送往医院)”可知，Fred的工作可能涉及意外的伤害风险。故选B项。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“Kreusel, a teacher who worked with Fred, has taught middle schoolers with cognitive disabilities for the past 15 years. She said she loves her students, and doesn’t blame them for hurting her. Many of them have their own triggers, and Kreusel says she does her best to learn them. But she isn’t always able to avoid an outburst. “The student may be aggressive, but it doesn’t mean they are targeting you because they hate you,” Kreusel said. “It’s usually something that has happened, and they might be nonverbal. They can’t express it, and they just blow up.”(Kreusel是一位和Fred一起工作的老师，在过去的15年里，她一直在教授有认知障碍的中学生。她说她爱她的学生，不怪他们伤害她。他们中的许多人都有自己的触发因素，Kreusel说她尽最大努力去了解他们。但她并不总是能够避免爆发。Kreusel说：“学生可能很有攻击性，但这并不意味着他们因为讨厌你而针对你。”“这通常是已经发生的事情，他们可能是非语言的。他们无法表达自己的情绪，就会大发雷霆。”)”可知，Kreusel爱她的学生并且坚持15年，所以Kreusel一个有爱心且专注的人。故选A项。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“According to the U. S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, most students with developmental disabilities aren’t any more aggressive than other students. But for some, their disability can lead to frustration and, in turn, aggression. That can make it harder for school districts to hire special education staff, at a time when schools across the country are struggling to fill these positions. And a recent federal survey found, nationwide, special education vacancies (空缺) are the most difficult for schools to fill. She thinks she and her colleagues will continue to get hurt until the district hires more instructional assistants and pays them well enough that they’re willing to stay.(根据美国疾病控制和预防中心的数据，大多数有发育障碍的学生并不比其他学生更具攻击性。但对一些人来说，他们的残疾会导致沮丧，进而导致攻击性。在全国各地的学校都在努力填补这些职位的时候，这可能会使学区更难雇用特殊教育人员。最近的一项联邦调查发现，在全国范围内，特殊教育职位的空缺是学校最难填补的。她认为，她和她的同事们将继续受到伤害，直到学区雇佣更多的教学助理，并支付足够高的工资，让他们愿意留下来)”可知，特殊教育中的工伤是一个令人担忧的问题。故选C项。 C Using naturally-occurring resources for construction, such as wood and bamboo, have been used for centuries. However, there is one naturally-available resource that is commonly found in our lives and has great potential but has not been very well explored: sodium chloride, also known as table salt. In the past, salt was often viewed as a precious product because surface salt was hard to come by and difficult to obtain. Nowadays, salt is an affordable, common product. It is excellent at storing heat and humidity and is antibacterial and fire-resistant. Additionally, because of its structure, it is hard to permeate. It also has many qualities that make it versatile (多用途的) in the food, chemical and health industries. Raw salt materials have been used throughout history, especially in areas near salt flats. Written records of cities, such as Getta near Damascus and Taghaza in Mali, show those buildings were primarily made of salt blocks. This material was used because of the location’s classness to salt mines and lack of other viable construction materials. Atelier Luma, a French design firm, has developed a process of creating sustainable salt cladding panels. They also intend to strengthen the local salt industry through the production of this material. Saltwater from the Rhône river delta (三角洲) in southern France has been used to produce salt throughout history. Through extensive research, Atelier Luma designers used this local resource to their advantage. They developed a way of growing crystallized salt panels using a metal mesh submerged underwater, maximizing the natural salt crystallization (结晶化) process that occurs there. Atelier Luma’s salt panels can be seen at Frank Gehry’s tower at Luma Arles, specifically at the Wall of Salt. This is the first large-scale application of salt cladding. Through increased exploration of salt as a building material, salt-based materials could serve as viable alternatives to traditional construction materials. Because of increased seawater desalination (淡化) and potash (钾肥) mining for agricultural fertilizers, there is an abundance of salt that is produced as a by-product of these processes. This has resulted in the resource becoming more easily available than at any other time in history. 8. Why was salt used for building in Getta and Taghaza? A. Because salt was a versatile product. B. Because salt proved available and practical. C. Because salt blocks prevented the spread of disease. D. Because salt was lighter than other building materials. 9. Which of the following is correct about Atelier Luma? A. It is located in the Rhone river delta. B. It pioneers the way of developing salt panels. C. It maximizes natural salt production in France. D. It applies salt cladding panels for the first time. 10. Which characteristic of salt is stressed in the last paragraph? A. Abundance. B. Desalination. C. Durability. D. Strength. 11. What would be the best title of the passage? A. The Past and Present of Salt Industry. B. Salt: The Most Sustainable Building Material. C. Atelier Luma: A Promising Design Company. D. The Rise of Salt as an Eco-Friendly Building Material. 【答案】8. B 9. B 10. A 11. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文。主要介绍了盐作为一种自然存在的资源，在建筑材料方面的潜力和应用。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“It is excellent at storing heat and humidity and is antibacterial and fire-resistant. Additionally, because of its structure, it is hard to permeate. It also has many qualities that make it versatile (多用途的) in the food, chemical and health industries. Raw salt materials have been used throughout history, especially in areas near salt flats. Written records of cities, such as Getta near Damascus and Taghaza in Mali, show those buildings were primarily made of salt blocks. This material was used because of the location's classness to salt mines and lack of other viable construction materials. (它在储存热量和湿度方面非常出色，并且具有抗菌和防火性能。此外，由于其结构，它很难渗透。它还具有许多特性，使其在食品、化学和健康行业中用途广泛。历史上一直使用原盐材料，特别是在盐滩附近的地区。大马士革附近的盖塔和马里的塔加扎等城市的文字记录显示，这些建筑主要是用盐块建造的。使用这种材料是因为该地点与盐矿相似，并且缺乏其他可行的建筑材料。)”可知，盖塔和塔加扎的建筑要用盐是因为盐被证明是可用和实用的。故选B项。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Atelier Luma, a French design firm, has developed a process of creating sustainable salt cladding panels. They also intend to strengthen the local salt industry through the production of this material. Saltwater from the Rhône river delta (三角洲) in southern France has been used to produce salt throughout history. Through extensive research, Atelier Luma designers used this local resource to their advantage. They developed a way of growing crystallized salt panels using a metal mesh submerged underwater, maximizing the natural salt crystallization (结晶化) process that occurs there. (法国设计公司Atelier Luma开发了一种创造可持续盐包覆板的工艺。他们还打算通过生产这种材料来加强当地的盐业。历史上，法国南部Rhône河三角洲的盐水一直被用来生产盐。通过广泛的研究，Atelier Luma设计师充分利用了当地的资源。他们开发了一种使用水下金属网生长结晶盐板的方法，最大限度地发挥了在水下发生的自然盐结晶过程。)”可知，Atelier Luma开创了开发盐板的方式。故选B项。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Through increased exploration of salt as a building material, salt-based materials could serve as viable alternatives to traditional construction materials. Because of increased seawater desalination (淡化) and potash (钾肥) mining for agricultural fertilizers, there is an abundance of salt that is produced as a by-product of these processes. This has resulted in the resource becoming more easily available than at any other time in history. (通过对盐作为建筑材料的进一步探索，盐基材料可以作为传统建筑材料的可行替代品。由于海水淡化和钾肥开采的增加，作为这些过程的副产品产生了大量的盐。这导致资源变得比历史上任何时候都更容易获得。)”可知，本段主要强调了盐资源的丰富。故选A项。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Using naturally-occurring resources for construction, such as wood and bamboo, have been used for centuries. However, there is one naturally-available resource that is commonly found in our lives and has great potential but has not been very well explored: sodium chloride, also known as table salt. (使用天然资源进行建筑，如木材和竹子，已经使用了几个世纪。然而，有一种自然资源在我们的生活中随处可见，具有巨大的潜力，但尚未得到很好的开发：氯化钠，也被称为食盐。)”以及纵观全文可知，本文主要讲述盐作为一种自然存在的资源，在建筑材料方面的潜力和应用，所以D项“盐作为环保建筑材料的兴起”是本文最好的标题。故选D项。 D Hibernation (冬眠) is a classic topic of science fiction. In movies such as 2001: A Space Odyssey, Alien, or Passengers, crew members are put into a state of sleep to take year-long journeys to space. Now a new study from Washington University has shown that human hibernation may soon become a reality. The research team carried out tests on rats — animals that do not naturally hibernate. They first identified a group of neurons (神经元) in a deep brain region, which were found to be involved in controlling body temperature during hibernation. They showed that, in mice, these neurons could be stimulated using ultrasound (超声波), which was delivered through a helmet without causing an injury. When receiving the ultrasound, the mice showed a drop in body temperature of about3°C, and their heart rates fell by about 47%. When the ultrasound system was switched off, they woke up again. The result was “surprising and fascinating”, said Hong Chen, a professor who led the work. Researchers are also trying to determine how to harness the power of hibernation to help humans. They believe that it could be key to addressing health conditions like heart disease, and Alzheimer’s. Furthermore, hibernation’s ability to slow aging, which was observed in bats, could benefit space exploration, enabling longer missions with less food requirements. Research in animals also suggests that bodies of hibernating astronauts might lose less bone and muscle, making them fit and ready to start challenging exploration soon after they wake up. By unlocking the secrets of this remarkable process, researchers may uncover ways to improve human health, as well as gain new insights into the natural world. Therefore, the exploration of hibernation is an exciting area that is sure to yield numerous benefits in the years to come. The scientists now plan to look at how lowered body temperature might affect the cognitive abilities of humans. “Our next experiments will test working memory in monkeys. This is important because while astronauts physically hibernate as they fly into deep space, their brain still needs to be working,” said Chen. 12. How did researchers put rats into hibernation? A. By lowering their body temperature. B. By activating specific brain neurons. C. By putting a regular helmet on them. D. By using ultrasound through an operation. 13. What does the underlined word “harness” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Employ. B. Challenge. C. Overlook. D. Discover. 14. What advantage might hibernation bring to humans? A. It improves people’s mental health. B. It predicts a variety of heart diseases. C. It helps astronauts keep physically fit. D. It enables astronauts to build up muscle. 15 What’s the purpose of the last paragraph? A. To point out the significance of the study. B. To bring out the focus of follow-up studies. C. To discuss other factors affecting hibernation. D. To explain practical applications of the finding. 【答案】12. B 13. A 14. C 15. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。这篇文章介绍了一项来自华盛顿大学的研究，显示人类冬眠可能很快成为现实。研究人员认为，利用冬眠的力量可能有助于解决心脏病和阿尔茨海默病等健康问题，并在太空探索中带来好处，如减少食物需求和保护骨骼肌肉。他们计划进一步研究降低体温对人类认知能力的影响。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“They first identified a group of neurons (神经元) in a deep brain region, which were found to be involved in controlling body temperature during hibernation. They showed that, in mice, these neurons could be stimulated using ultrasound (超声波), which was delivered through a helmet without causing an injury.( 他们首先确定了大脑深部区域的一组神经元，这些神经元被发现与冬眠期间控制体温有关。他们证明，在老鼠身上，可以用超声波刺激这些神经元，超声波通过头盔传递而不会造成伤害。)”以及第三段中“When receiving the ultrasound, the mice showed a drop in body temperature of about3°C, and their heart rates fell by about 47%. When the ultrasound system was switched off, they woke up again.(当接受超声波时，小鼠的体温下降了约3°C，心率下降了约47%。当超声波系统被关闭时，他们又醒了。)”可知，研究者首先确定老鼠大脑中控制体温相关的神经元，通过超声波刺激这些神经元，导致老鼠体温下降，由此进入冬眠。由此推断通过刺激老鼠大脑中的神经元可以让老鼠冬眠。故选B。 【13题详解】 词义猜测题。根据第四段划线词后内容“the power of hibernation to help humans(冬眠帮助人类的力量)”以及后文“They believe that it could be key to addressing health conditions like heart disease, and Alzheimer’s. (他们认为，这可能是解决心脏病和阿尔茨海默病等健康问题的关键。)”可知，研究者正在研究使用冬眠来帮助人类解决心脏病和阿尔茨海默病等健康问题，故人类正在努力尝试利用冬眠。故划线词与A选项“Employ.(利用)”为同义词。故选A。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中“ Research in animals also suggests that bodies of hibernating astronauts might lose less bone and muscle, making them fit and ready to start challenging exploration soon after they wake up. (对动物的研究也表明，冬眠的宇航员的身体可能会失去更少的骨骼和肌肉，使他们在醒来后很快就能开始具有挑战性的探索。)”可知，冬眠的宇航员的身体可能会损失更少的骨骼肌肉，使他们在苏醒后能够保持健康，并且可以立即开始具有挑战性的探索任务即冬眠帮助宇航员保持身体健康。故选C。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中““Our next experiments will test working memory in monkeys. This is important because while astronauts physically hibernate as they fly into deep space, their brain still needs to be working,” said Chen.(“我们的下一个实验将测试猴子的工作记忆。这很重要，因为当宇航员在太空深处飞行时，他们的身体处于冬眠状态，他们的大脑仍然需要工作。”)”可知，最后一段强调的是下一阶段将在猴子身上展开研究，由此最后一段的目的是引出后续研究的重点。故选B。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Go Gardening Gardening provides numerous benefits beyond just fresh vegetables and flowers. It can also aid in weight management, fitness, and mental sharpness. There are more advantages. It’s a fun workout. ____16____ But if you find the idea of working in a garden a bit dull, knowing it's doing you good physically might make it more entertaining. You plant seeds, pull up weeds, move pots, and push a lawnmower (剪草机) etc. ____17____ Even better, whatever your age, it is an activity with a purpose — and one that might keep you in motion longer than traditional exercise. It reduces your risk of heart disease. Even though gardening may not involve high-intensity exercise, it still provides heart-health benefits. ____18____ The benefits come from a combination of physical exercise and the stress reduction that ‘playing in the dirt’ provides. ____19____ Having dirt under your fingernails may be a sign of poor hygiene (卫生), but scientists say it could also be a mark of good health. Thanks to beneficial bacteria found in soil, gardening may improve your immune system, helping you get sick less and fight off infections easier, according to research that includes a 2015 study published in the international journal Immuno Targets and Therapy. It increases co-ordination (配合) and strength. Hand and finger strength, flexibility and coordination are essential for everyday tasks like opening jars, carrying packages and picking up children. ____20____ A. It boosts your immune system. B It helps you stay fit physically and mentally. C. It’s nice to get out in the garden on a sunny day to give it a tidy. D. In fact, gardening can contribute to reducing the risk of a heart attack. E. Gardening is a great way to maintain those fine motor (肌肉运动的) skills and muscles. F. The gardening tasks actually provide a whole-body workout for adults over 65 years old. G. More than just good exercise for your body, gardening provides a workout for your brain. 【答案】16. C 17. F 18. D 19. A 20. E 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了从事园艺的好处。 【16题详解】 根据后文“But if you find the idea of working in a garden a bit dull, knowing it's doing you good physically might make it more entertaining.(但如果你觉得在花园里工作有点无聊，知道它对你的身体有好处可能会让它更有趣)”可知，本空与下文为转折关系，要说跟“在花园里工作好”有关的话题，故C项“It’s nice to get out in the garden on a sunny day to give it a tidy.(在一个阳光明媚的日子里到花园里去整理一下真是太好了)”能引起下文，符合题意。故选C项。 【17题详解】 根据前文“You plant seeds, pull up weeds, move pots, and push a lawnmower (剪草机) etc.(你播种，拔草，搬花盆，推割草机等等)”可知，此处介绍了一些园艺活动，由下文“Even better, whatever your age, it is an activity with a purpose--and one that might keep you in motion longer than traditional exercise.(更棒的是，无论你的年龄多大，这都是一项有目的的活动——它可能会让你比传统运动保持更长时间的运动)”可知，本空要说跟“园艺活动与年龄”有关的话题，故F选项“The gardening tasks actually provide a whole-body workout for adults over 65 years old.(园艺工作实际上为65岁以上的成年人提供了一种全身锻炼)”能承上启下，符合题意。故选F项。 【18题详解】 由小标题“It reduces your risk of heart disease.(它能降低你患心脏病的风险)”可知，本段主要介绍了园艺降低心脏病风险，故D项“In fact, gardening can contribute to reducing the risk of a heart attack.(事实上，园艺有助于降低心脏病发作的风险)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选D项。 【19题详解】 空处为本段小标题，由下文“Having dirt under your fingernails may be a sign of poor hygiene (卫生), but scientists say it could also be a mark of good health. Thanks to beneficial bacteria found in soil, gardening may improve your immune system, helping you get sick less and fight off infections easier, according to research that includes a 2015 study published in the international journal Immuno Targets and Therapy.(指甲里有脏东西可能是不卫生的表现，但科学家表示，这也可能是身体健康的标志。根据一项研究，包括2015年发表在国际期刊《免疫目标与治疗》上的一项研究，由于土壤中发现的有益细菌，园艺可以改善你的免疫系统，帮助你少生病，更容易抵抗感染)”可知，本段主要介绍了园艺工作能增强免疫系统，故A项“It boosts your immune system.(它能增强你的免疫系统)”可以作为小标题。故选A项。 【20题详解】 由小标题“It increases co-ordination (配合) and strength.(它能增强协调性和力量)”及上文“Hand and finger strength, flexibility and coordination are essential for everyday tasks like opening jars, carrying packages and picking up children.(手和手指的力量、灵活性和协调性对于打开罐子、搬运包裹和接孩子等日常工作至关重要)”可知，园艺工作能增强协调性和力量，故E项“Gardening is a great way to maintain those fine motor (肌肉运动的) skills and muscles.(园艺是保持这些精细运动技能和肌肉的好方法)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选E项。 第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 When I was little, my family lived in my Nana’s old house, surrounded by gardens and flowers. On the back porch Nana had dozens of potted plants hanging on hooks. She watered them, talked to them and ____21____ them. In winter, she brought them inside and placed them on shelves by the windows. With a little water and a lot of ____22____, she kept them alive and green during the coldest months. As a boy I was puzzled by all the ____23____ she put into them. I understood the vegetable gardens. They helped to ____24____ the family all winter long. I even understood the flowers around the house. They were pretty and ____25____ so sweet in the summer months. The reason she put so much effort into caring for those potted plants, however, ____26____ me. They didn’t give us any food and they ____27____ had flowers on them. They remained a ____28____ to my child’s mind. Now as I’ve grown ____29____ I am beginning to understand why my Nana had those potted plants. It is the same reason I have so many pictures of ______30______ and forests hanging in my home. They ______31______ me during the dark, cold, winter months full of bare trees and yellow grass that light, love, and growth still ______32______. They convey a message that ______33______ will come again. Today I see Nana’s potted plants in a new ______34______. They were worth every bit of the love and care she put into them. Although she is in Heaven now, Nana ______35______ my greatest reminder in every stage of my life. 21. A. sold B. tended C. controlled D. described 22. A. interest B. curiosity C. love D. duty 23. A. efforts B. money C. stress D. skills 24. A. feed B. unite C. cheer D. organize 25. A. felt B. tasted C. looked D. smelled 26. A. frustrated B. excited C. reassured D. escaped 27. A. always B. occasionally C. barely D. completely 28. A. mystery B. promise C. explanation D. burden 29. A. smarter B. older C. stronger D. happier 30. A. sunrises B. deserts C. buildings D. trains 31. A. warn B. confirm C. remind D. impress 32. A. change B. pass C. stop D. exist 33. A. spring B. summer C. autumn D. winter 34. A. world B. manner C. direction D. house 35. A. serves as B. contributes to C. agrees on D. sets up 【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. A 25. D 26. D 27. C 28. A 29. B 30. A 31. C 32. D 33. A 34. B 35. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了小时候作者对奶奶精心照料盆栽的努力感到不解，因为它们既不能食用也很少开花；如今作者明白，这些盆栽在寒冬中传递希望与爱，成为她对自己一生的温暖提醒。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她给它们浇水、和它们说话、精心照料它们。A. sold出售；B. tended照料；C. controlled控制；D. described描述。根据下文“The reason she put so much effort into caring for those potted plants”可知，奶奶精心照料这些盆栽。故选B。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：用一点水和满满的爱，她在最寒冷的月份里让它们保持生机和翠绿。A. interest兴趣；B. curiosity好奇；C. love爱；D. duty责任。根据下文“They were worth every bit of the love and care she put into them.”可知，奶奶对这些盆栽倾注了满满的爱。故选C。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为一个男孩，我对她为这些盆栽付出的所有努力感到困惑。A. efforts努力；B. money金钱；C. stress压力；D. skills技能。根据下文“The reason she put so much effort into caring for those potted plants”可知，作者对奶奶为盆栽付出的所有努力感到困惑。故选A。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：整个冬天，它们都在帮家里提供食物。A. feed为……提供食物；B. unite团结；C. cheer欢呼；D. organize组织。根据上文“I understood the vegetable gardens.”可知，菜园里的蔬菜可以在冬天为家里提供食物。故选A。 25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：它们很漂亮，在夏天闻起来很香。A. felt感觉；B. tasted品尝起来；C. looked看起来；D. smelled闻起来。根据上文“I even understood the flowers around the house.”和下文“so sweet in the summer months”可知，房子周围的花在夏天盛开，闻起来很香。故选D。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，她为何如此努力地照顾那些盆栽，我却无法理解。A. frustrated使沮丧；B. excited使兴奋；C. reassured使安心；D. escaped未被注意。根据上文“I understood the vegetable gardens.”、“I even understood the flowers around the house.”和表示转折的“however”可知，作者虽然能理解菜园、房子周围的花存在的意义，但是无法理解盆栽存在的意义，不知道奶奶努力地照顾它们的理由，escape sb.可表示“被某人忽视，某人不理解”的意思。故选D。 【27题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：它们没有给我们任何食物，也几乎没有开花。A. always总是；B. occasionally偶尔；C. barely几乎不；D. completely完全。根据上文“I even understood the flowers around the house.”和表示转折的“however”可知，那些盆栽与房子周围的花情况是不同的，它们几乎不会开花。故选C。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：它们在我幼小的心灵中始终是个谜。A. mystery谜；B. promise承诺；C. explanation解释；D. burden负担。根据下文“Now as I’ve grown ____9____ I am beginning to understand why my Nana had those potted plants.”可知，如今作者才开始明白奶奶为什么会养那些盆栽，因此当时在作者幼小的心灵中它们始终是个谜。故选A。 【29题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如今，随着我逐渐长大，我开始明白奶奶为什么会养那些盆栽。A. smarter更聪明的；B. older年纪更大的；C. stronger更强壮的；D. happier更快乐的。根据上文“my child’s mind”可推知，与幼小的心灵相对的应该是作者年纪变大，即逐渐长大。故选B。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这和我家里挂着许多日出和森林照片的原因是一样的。A. sunrises日出；B. deserts沙漠；C. buildings建筑；D. trains火车。根据下文“They ____11____ me during the dark, cold, winter months full of bare trees and yellow grass that light, love, and growth still ____12____.”可知，作者所挂图片的内容与光明、爱和生长相关，因此是许多日出和森林照片。故选A。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：它们在黑暗、寒冷、满是光秃秃的树木和枯黄草地的冬季提醒我，光明、爱和生长依然存在。A. warn警告；B. confirm确认；C. remind提醒；D. impress使留下深刻印象。根据上文“It is the same reason I have so many pictures of ____10____ and forests hanging in my home.”可推知，作者家里挂着这些照片的意义是提醒自己重要的信息。故选C。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：它们在黑暗、寒冷、满是光秃秃的树木和枯黄草地的冬季提醒我，光明、爱和生长依然存在。A. change改变；B. pass通过；C. stop停止；D. exist存在。根据上文“during the dark, cold, winter months full of bare trees and yellow grass that light, love, and growth still”可推知，黑暗、寒冷、满是光秃秃的树木和枯黄草地的冬季是一片萧条孤寂的景象，与之形成强烈对比的是光明、爱和生长的存在。故选D。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：它们传递着一个信息：春天会再次到来。A. spring春天；B. summer夏天；C. autumn秋天；D. winter冬天。根据上文“light, love, and growth”可推知，与光明、爱和生长密切相关的季节是春天。故选A。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：今天，我以一种新的方式看待奶奶的盆栽。A. world世界；B. manner方式；C. direction方向；D. house房子。根据下文“They were worth every bit of the love and care she put into them.”可知，现在作者认为那些盆栽值得奶奶投入的每一分爱和关怀，因此是以一种新的方式看待它们。故选B。 【35题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：虽然她现在在天堂，但奶奶在我生命的每个阶段都是我最大的提醒者。A. serves as充当；B. contributes to为……贡献；C. agrees on同意；D. sets up建立。根据下文“my greatest reminder in every stage of my life”可推知，奶奶是充当作者生命每个阶段的最大提醒者，提醒着他上文提到的道理。故选A。 第二节单词拼写（满分15分） 根据首字母或中文提示，用选择性必修一 Unit1-4 中单词的正确形式填空。 36. Marie Curie c______ herself to her groundbreaking research in radioactivity (放射现象). (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】committed##ommitted 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：玛丽·居里致力于她在放射性方面的开创性研究。本句缺少谓语，所以空处应填动词，根据句意和所给首字母，应是commit意为“承诺”，commit oneself to doing sth.固定搭配，意为“致力于做某事”，描述已发生的事，用一般过去时。故填committed。 37. ______ (显然), the restaurant is fully booked, so we’ll need to make a reservation next time. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】Apparently##Obviously 【解析】 【详解】考查副词。句意：很明显，这家餐厅已经订满了，所以我们下次需要预订。根据汉语提示“显然”可知，此处为副词apparently/obviously，作状语，修饰整个句子，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Apparently/Obviously。 38. There are groups of Amish people who live happily in the a______ of new technology. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】absence##bsence 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：有一群阿米什人在缺乏新技术的情况下快乐地生活着。根据句意“缺乏”和首字母提示可知，此处为名词absence，表抽象概念，不可数。故填absence。 39. Everyone has different ______ (喜好) when it comes to choosing a favorite type of music. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】preferences 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：在选择最喜欢的音乐类型时，每个人都有不同的偏好。根据汉语提示“喜好”可知，此处为名词preference，作宾语，different修饰可数名词复数。故填preferences。 40. The serene beauty of the sunset made us feel ______ (幸运的) to witness nature’s wonders. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】blessed 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：日落的宁静之美使我们有幸目睹了大自然的奇观。结合“to witness nature’s wonders”可知，“幸运的”应用形容词blessed，作表语，带有感恩或幸福的意味。故填blessed。 41. The children ______ (逗乐) by the magic show, their eyes wide with wonder. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】were amused 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：孩子们被魔术表演逗乐了，惊奇地睁大了眼睛。“逗乐”应用动词amuse，空处作句子的谓语，句子应该是叙述过去发生的事情，时态应用一般过去时，amuse和主语The children之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，且主语是复数，be动词应用were。故填were amused。 42. The school enforced a b______ on mobile phones during exams to maintain focus. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】ban##an 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：为了集中注意力，学校在考试期间禁止使用手机。根据句意“禁令”和首字母提示可知，此处为名词ban，作宾语，不定冠词a修饰单数可数名词。故填ban。 43. Despite their i______ appearance, the sisters had very different personalities. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】identical##dentical 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：尽管这对姐妹长得一模一样，但她们的性格却截然不同。空处作修饰appearance的定语，结合“the sisters had very different personalities”和首字母提示可推知，形容词identical“完全相同的”符合题意，表示“长得一模一样”。故填identical。 44. The police officer ______ (目睹) the entire accident and provided a detailed report. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】witnessed 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：警察目击了整个事故，并提供了详细的报告。“目睹”应用动词witness，作谓语，结合“provided”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，witness应用过去式的形式。故填witnessed。 45. The two nations have been engaged in c______ over territorial boundaries for decades. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】conflicts##onflicts##conflict##onflict 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：这两个国家在领土边界问题上的冲突已经持续了几十年。空前是介词，所以空处应填名词作宾语，根据句意和所给首字母，应是conflict意为“冲突”，为可数名词，此处单复数皆可。故填conflicts或者conflict。 请用所学知识完成以下单句语法填空。 46. I______ (fly) to New York at this time the day after tomorrow. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】will be flying 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：后天这个时候我将正在飞往纽约。fly作本句谓语，根据时间状语at this time the day after tomorrow可知，表示将来某个时间点正在进行的动作，用将来进行时。故填will be flying。 47. I worked at a panda conservation center in China, ______ saw a significant increase in panda population numbers. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】which 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我在中国的一个熊猫保护中心工作，那里的熊猫数量显著增加。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词 a panda conservation center，指物，关系词在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词which引导。故填which。 48. ______ (defeat) in the competition made her reevaluate her strategy. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】Being defeated 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在比赛中被打败使她重新评估自己的策略。分析句子结构可知，此处应用动名词短语作句子的主语，defeat“打败”，动词词性，此处表示“被打败”，所以应用动名词的完成被动式being done，defeat的过去分词为defeated，故填Being defeated。 49. The old man told the story as if he ______ (live) through the ancient times. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】had lived 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：老人讲起这个故事来就好像他经历过古代似的。as if引导的从句，需用虚拟语气，此处表达与过去事实相反，结构为as if + 过去完成时（had + 过去分词）。故填had lived。 50. They spent hours preparing for the presentation, only ______ (inform) that it had been rescheduled. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to be informed 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他们花了好几个小时准备报告，结果却被告知报告改期了。此处是固定搭配：only to do意为“不料(却)……,结果(却)……”，inform和逻辑主语they之间是被动关系，所以用不定式的被动语态。故填to be informed。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 应用文写作（满分15分） 51. 假定你是李华，你的美国朋友Peter寒假要来中国旅游，他希望你推荐一家中国主题公园，请你给他写一封邮件，内容包括： 1. 主题公园的名字和位置； 2. 你推荐的理由； 3. 表示欢迎。 注意：1. 词数80左右；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Peter, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】One possible version: Dear Peter, I’m so excited to hear that you’re planning to visit China this winter! I’d like to recommend a fantastic Chinese theme park for you to experience during your stay: the Splendid China Folk Village, located in Shenzhen, Guangdong Province. This park is an excellent representation of China’s rich history, culture, and diverse ethnic groups. It features over 100 miniature replicas of famous Chinese landmarks, such as the Great Wall, the Terracotta Warriors, and the Potala Palace. Additionally, the Folk Village displays the traditional customs and architecture of 56 ethnic groups, allowing you to immerse yourself in various aspects of Chinese culture all in one place. I believe you’ll find this park to be both informative and entertaining, making it a must-visit destination during your trip. I look forward to welcoming you to China and sharing more of our beautiful country with you! Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。题目要求学生以李华的身份，给寒假要来中国旅游的美国朋友Peter写一封邮件，为他推荐一家中国主题公园，应首先告知公园的名字和位置，再详细说明推荐的理由，最后表示欢迎。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 极好的：fantastic → incredible/marvelous 有名的：famous → well-known/renowned 展示：display → show/exhibit/showcase 使某人能够做某事：allow sb. to do → enable sb. to do 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Additionally, the Folk Village displays the traditional customs and architecture of 56 ethnic groups, allowing you to immerse yourself in various aspects of Chinese culture all in one place. 拓展句：Additionally, the Folk Village displays the traditional customs and architecture of 56 ethnic groups, which allows you to immerse yourself in various aspects of Chinese culture all in one place. 【点睛】[高分句型1] I’m so excited to hear that you’re planning to visit China this winter! (运用了that引导宾语从句) [高分句型2] I believe you’ll find this park to be both informative and entertaining, making it a must-visit destination during your trip. (运用了that引导宾语从句并被省略、现在分词making作状语) 第二节 读后续写（满分25分） 52. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写一段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 In today’s world, where negativity often takes center stage, it’s easy to overlook the simple acts of kindness that can bring joy to someone’s life. I recently had a personal experience that reminded me of this during a particularly challenging week. My week had been filled with problems, from work-related stress to unexpected bills and broken items. By the time I needed to go to the store for a few essentials, I was already feeling overwhelmed and at my breaking point. Despite my desire to just go home and relax, I made the trip across town to the store. When I arrived, I found the parking lot packed, which only added to my frustration. To make matters worse, the person next to my intended parking spot seemed to think their small car was entitled (有资格) to take up two spaces. After finally finding a spot, I realized that I had left my purse, including my debit card (借记卡) and checkbook (支票簿), at home. Fortunately, I had a small amount of cash and my coupon (优惠券) book, so I decided to go inside and make the best of it. The store was bustling with people, but I managed to find the items I needed and got in line to check out. However, the line seemed to move at a snail’s pace, and my patience was wearing thin. As I waited, I couldn’t help but feel my stress levels rising. That’s when I noticed an old lady standing behind me in line. She seemed to sense my anxiety and cast a kind smile at me. I awkwardly returned the smile and continued to wait. After a seemingly endless wait, it was finally my turn to check out. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右：2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 However, what happened next was out of my expectation. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ As I was about to return for more cash, I suddenly felt a tap on my shoulder. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 However, what happened next was out of my expectation. As the cashier scanned my items, I discovered that the total cost exceeded the amount of cash I had on hand. Embarrassment and confusion filled me as I attempted to explain my situation to the cashier, who seemed increasingly frustrated. Meanwhile, the patience of the people waiting behind me in line began to wear thin. Just when I thought things couldn’t get any worse, a sense of hopelessness began to set in, and I contemplated having to return home to retrieve more money. As I was about to return for more cash, I suddenly felt a tap on my shoulder. It was the elderly woman who had been standing behind me in line. With a warm smile, she handed me some money and reassuringly said, “Don’t worry, dear. We all have tough days.” Her kindness deeply touched me, and I thanked her with all the sincerity I could muster before paying for my items. As I left the store, I felt a profound sense of gratitude and realized that even the smallest acts of kindness can have a significant impact on someone’s day. This simple gesture of goodwill truly brightened my spirits, and it inspired me to pay it forward by helping others whenever I can. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，作者的生活很不顺利，到处都是问题。到超市买东西时，作者发现没带钱包，当作者尽力购买好东西，因为结账队伍缓慢移动，作者的耐心逐渐耗尽，压力不断上升。就在这时，作者注意到身后一位老太太，她似乎察觉到了作者的焦虑，投来一个善意的微笑。作者尴尬地回以微笑，继续等待结账。 【详解】1. 段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“然而，接下来发生的事情出乎我的意料。”可知，第一段可描写作者准备结账时发现带的钱不够了以及作者的反应。 ②由第二段首句内容“正当我准备回去取更多的现金时，我突然感到有人拍了拍我的肩膀。”可知，第二段可描写身后的老太太给作者钱帮作者付账以及作者的感激之情。 2. 续写线索：发现钱不够——感到尴尬——准备回去取钱——老太太给作者钱——表达感激之情——决心帮助他人传递善良。 3. 词汇激活 行为类 ①递：hand/give ②激励：inspire/encourage ③感动：touch/move 情绪类 ①沮丧的：frustrated/disappointed ②感激：gratitude/appreciation 【点睛】[高分句型1]As the cashier scanned my items, I discovered that the total cost exceeded the amount of cash I had on hand.(that引导的宾语从句) [高分句型2]It was the elderly woman who had been standing behind me in line.(it was+强调部分+who引导强调句型) 听力1-5: ACCAC 6-10: BACAA 11-15: BBCBA 16-20: BCBCA 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$