Unit 2 Neighbourhood 语法篇（一般将来时）（“学”&“练”）-2024-2025学年七年级英语下册学练测同步（译林版2024）

Unit 2 Neighbourhood 语法篇（一般将来时）（“学”&“练”） 一、基础知识 (一)一般将来时的两种构成形式 我们可用“will或be going to+动词原形”来谈论即将发生的事情。will与人称代词连用时，will可缩写为’ll；be going to结构中，be动词随主语的人称和数的变化而变化(am, is, are)。 注意：当主语是第一人称(I, we)时，也可以用shall来谈论即将发生的事情，但这种用法已越来越少见。不过在疑问句中同I, we连用的情况却很常见，表示征求意见或提出建议。 Shall I get some water?(征求意见) Shall we go to see the pandas?(提出建议) (二)两种形式的一般将来时用法 1. will型一般将来时的用法 【研学活动】 用法 例句 表示说话人知道或认为将会发生某事 很快就是元旦了。It will be New Year’s Day soon. 表示说话人说话时自己或他人的计划 我现在很忙。今天下午放学后我会和你谈谈。 I’m busy now. I will talk to you after school this afternoon. 我姐姐今天要来我家。她将和我呆一个星期。 My sister is coming to my home today. She will stay with me for a week. 2. be going to型一般将来时的基本用法 【研学活动】 用法 例句 表示说话人根据已有的迹象认为某事即将发生。此时不含有主观意图，主语可以是人，也可以是物或事情(包括天气) 看那些乌云！要下雨了。 Look at the dark clouds! It’s going to rain. 春节期间他们要举办十场音乐会。 They are going to hold ten concerts during the Spring Festival. 表示主观上打算在将来的某时做某事(即一种计划或打算)，通常译作“计划，打算，准备”。这种主观意图一般是经过事先安排的，其主语通常是人 “端午节就要到了,那天你打算做什么？” —The Dragon Boat Festival is coming. What are you going to do that day? “我打算去看望家乡的爷爷奶奶。” —I am going to visit my grandparents in my home village. 3. 一般将来时的句式结构 【研学活动】 句式 构成 肯定句 主语+will/be going to+动词原形+其他. 我要去打篮球。I will/am going to play basketball. 否定句 主语+will not(won’t)/be not going to+动词原形+其他. 我将不去打篮球。I won’t/am not going to play basketball. 一般疑问句及其回答 Will+主语+动词原形+其他? 肯定回答：Yes, 主语+will. 否定回答：No, 主语+will not(won’t). Be+主语+going to+动词原形+其他? 肯定回答：Yes, 主语+be. 否定回答：No, 主语+be not. 你要去打篮球吗？ —Will you play basketball?/Are you going to play basketball? 是的，我要去。—Yes, I will./Yes, I am 不，我不去。—No, I will not(won’t)./No, I am not. 特殊疑问句 ①特殊疑问词+will+主语+动词原形+其他? ②(作主语)特殊疑问词+will+动词原形+其他? ①特殊疑问词+be+主语+going to+动词原形+其他? ②(作主语)特殊疑问词+be going to+动词原形+其他? 你要去哪里打篮球？Where will you go to play basketball?/Where are you going to play basketball? 谁会去接你？Who will pick you up?/Who is going to pick you up? 4. 常与一般将来时连用的时间状语 【研学活动】 分类 举例 tomorrow系列 tomorrow, tomorrow morning/afternoon/evening/night, the day after tomorrow等等 next系列 next week/year/month/Sunday等等 this系列 this year, this Sunday, this weekend等等 in系列 in an hour, in two/a few days, in the future等等 其他 from now on, soon, some day等等 在上下文没有明显的时间状语的情况下，我们需要根据语境进行推断。 ①I hope all our friends ________(come)to the Asian Games in our city. 根据“I hope”可知“来”这个动作是对未来的预判，因此需用一般将来时，结构为will+动词原形，故填will come。句意：我希望我们所有的朋友都来我们的城市参加亚运会。 ②—It’s so cloudy. I think it ________(rain).      —I think so. 根据“It’s so cloudy. I think it ________”可知，此处指天将要下雨，be going to表示将来，故填is going to rain。句意：“天气多云。我想天要下雨了。”“我也这样认为。” 5. there be句型的一般将来时 【研学活动】 句式 构成 肯定句 There will be+主语+其他. There is(are)going to be+主语+其他. 下周五我家将有一场生日聚会。 There will be a birthday party in my house next Friday. There is going to be a birthday party in my house next Friday. 否定句 There will not(won’t)be+主语+其他. There is/are not going to be+主语+其他. 将来不会有更多污染。There won’t be more pollution in the future. 今天下午没有篮球赛。There isn’t going to be a basketball match this afternoon. 一般疑问句及其回答 Will there be+主语+其他? 肯定回答：Yes, there will. 否定回答：No, there will won’t. Is/Are there going to be+主语+其他? 肯定回答：Yes, there is/are. 否定回答：No, there isn’t/aren’t. 我认为十年后大城市的人口会减少。 —I think there will be fewer people in big cities in ten years. 是，是的。更多的人将住在农村。 —Yes, there will. More people will live in the countryside. 将会没有纸币吗? —Is there going to be no paper money? 不，不会。—No, there isn’t. 特殊疑问句 ①特殊疑问词+will there be+主语(+其他)? ②(作主语)特殊疑问词+will there be+其他? ①特殊疑问词+is/are going to be+主语(+其他)? ②(作主语)特殊疑问词+is/are going to be+其他? What will there be for dinner tonight?今晚晚餐吃什么？ ​Where is there going to be a job fair?哪里有招聘会？ 注意：在there is/are going to be ...一般将来时的句型中是用is，还是用are要随主语的单复数而定。 There are going to be over ten concerts during the Spring Festival.春节期间将有十多场音乐会。 二、难点知识 (一)现在进行时表示将来 【研学活动】 某些短暂性动词如：arrive, come, go, leave等等用现在进行时表示将来。 1. Mr. James _________(arrive)soon. As for the others, they are still sleeping. 【答案】is arriving 【句意】詹姆斯不久就要到了。至于其他人，他们还在睡觉。 2. My sister’s birthday _________(come). I’m thinking about buying a nice present for her. 【答案】is coming 【句意】我妹妹生日要来了。我在考虑给我妹妹买一个不错的礼物。 3. —_________ you _________(go)to the cinema by bike?           —No. I _________(go)there on a bus. 【答案】Are, going, am going 【句意】“你要骑自行车去电影院吗？”“不。我坐公共汽车去那儿。” 4. At the beginning of July, the Greens _________(leave)for Shanghai. 【答案】are leaving 【句意】七月初格林一家将启程去上海。 (二)一般现在时表示将来 【研学活动】 在if引导的条件状语从句中用一般现在时表示将来。但是当“if(是否)”引导名词性从句时，则不可以用一般现在时表示将来(参看第7题)。在时间状语从句中也用一般现在时表示将来。 1. If her son _________(become)a doctor, she _________(be)very happy. 【答案】becomes, will be 【句意】如果她的儿子成为一名医生，她将非常高兴。 2. —I _________(get)in touch with you if I _________(arrive)in Wuhan next Monday. —OK. Catch you on that day. 【答案】will get, arrive 【句意】“如果我下周一到达武汉，我将会联系你。”“好的。那天见。” 3. I don’t know if he ________(come)tomorrow. If he ________(come), I ________(tell)you． 【答案】will come, comes, will tell 【句意】我不知道他明天会不会来。如果他来了，我就会告诉你． 4. — Dad, we _________(have)a school cleaning day next week. — If you _________(play)a part in it, you’ll set a good example to your sister. 【答案】will have/are going to have, play 【句意】“爸爸，下周我们学校有打扫日。”“如果你参与其中，你将会为你的妹妹树立一个好样。” 5. If no one _________(buy)furs, then people won’t risk breaking the law to kill wild animals any more. 【答案】buys 【句意】如果没有人买毛皮，那么人们就不会再冒险去杀死野生动物了。 6. Lily and her friends will go to climb the mountains if it ________(not rain)tomorrow. 【答案】doesn’t rain 【句意】如果明天不下雨，莉莉和她的朋友们将去爬山。 7. —Would you like to go hiking if it ________(be)fine this Saturday? —I’d love to. But nobody knows if it ________(rain). 【答案】is, will rain 【句意】“如果这个星期六天气好的话，你想去徒步旅行吗？”“我很想去。但是没人知道是否会下雨。” 8. —I don’t know when he ________(come)tomorrow. —I will call you as soon as he ________(arrive). 【答案】will come, arrives 【句意】“我不知道明天他什么时候来。”“他一来我就会告诉你的。” 9. Next month we’re going somewhere interesting as soon as the holiday ________(begin). 【答案】begins 【句意】下个月假期一开始我们就去有趣的地方。 特别注意：祈使句中谓语动词用的是原形动词，但表达的是“将来”的概念。 10. —Please don’t throw paper on the ground.   —________. A. Sorry, I don’t B. No, I don’t C. It doesn’t matter. D. Sorry, I won’t. 【答案】D 【解析】句意：“请不要把纸扔在地上。”“对不起，我不扔了。”“我将不会扔”应用将来时态，结构是will do，否定形式won’t do，故选D (三)will与be going to的区别 助动词 用法 举例 will 强调将来存在的状态 It will be New Year.很快就是新年了。 未事先思考或未计划的意图 Someone is knocking at the door. I’ll answer it.有人在敲门，我去开门。 主观意愿 I hope it will be warm tomorrow. 我希望明天会暖和起来。 be going to 事先思考或计划的意图和打算 I’m going to see him tomorrow. 我打算明天去看望他。 客观迹象可能会/要发生 Look at the clouds in the sky. There is going to be rain.看看天空中的云。要下雨了。 一、单项选择 1. —What are you saving money for? —Father’s Day is around the corner. I ________ a gift for my father. A. bought B. have bought C. was buying D. am going to buy 【答案】D 【解析】句意：“你存钱是为了什么？”“父亲节即将到来，我打算给我爸爸买一份礼物。”由“Father’s Day is around the corner.”可知，父亲节即将到来，所以存钱的目的是为了买礼物，“买礼物”还未发生，时态是一般将来时，be going to do表示打算做某事，故选D。 2. —I hope you ________ to the dinner tomorrow. —OK, I ________. A. come, do B. to come, will C. come, do D. can come, will 【答案】D 【解析】句意：“我希望你明天能来参加晚宴。”“好的，我会的。”hope有hope to do的用法，没有hope sb to do的用法，所以排除B选项；hope后可以用省略that的宾语从句，结合第一句语境可知是希望对方明天能够来，可以用can come；第二空是表示自己明天会来，应用一般将来时，故选D。 3. — ________ a football match on CCTV 5 this evening? —Yes. ________ usually football matches on Sunday evenings. A. Will there have, There have B. Will there be, There will be C. Is there, There are D. Will there be, There are 【答案】D 【解析】句意：“今晚CCTV 5会有足球比赛吗？”“有。周日晚上通常有足球比赛。”根据this evening可知用一般将来时，句子是there be句型，第一个空用Will there be；根据usually可知是一般现在时，句子是there be句型，football matches是复数形式，应用There are，故选D。 4. It ________ my sister’s birthday tomorrow. She ________ a party. A. will have, is going to be B. will be, is going to have C. is going to be, will have D. will be, is having 【答案】B 【解析】句意：明天是我妹妹的生日。她要举办一个聚会。will表示未来会发生的事情；be going to表示计划发生的事情。根据“It...my sister’s birthday tomorrow.”可知，第一处缺少be动词作谓语，无计划含义，用will be；根据“She...a party.”可知，第二处是have a party短语，意为“举办聚会”，表示计划，用be going to have，故选B。 5. I don’t know if it ________ next week. If it________, we won’t have the party. A. will rain, will rain B. rains, will rain C. will rain, rains D. rains, rains 【答案】C 【解析】句意：我不知道下周是否会下雨。如果下雨，我们就不举行聚会了。根据“I don’t know”可知，此处if是“是否”，结合“next week”，此句时态是一般将来时，will rain符合句意；根据“we won’t have the party”可知，此处if是“如果”，遵循主将从现原则，从句时态是一般现在时，rains符合句意，故选C。 6. ________ you________ free next Sunday? Shall we go for a picnic in Nanhu Park? A. Will, are B. Will, be C. Do, be D. Are, be 【答案】B 【解析】句意：下周日你有空吗？我们去南湖公园野餐好吗？根据句中“next Sunday”可知句子时态是一般将来时，故可先排除选项C和D。句首用“will”，其后动词要用原形，故选B。 7. —Don’t forget to close all the windows before you leave. —OK, ________. A. I will B. I shall C. I won’t D. I don’t 【答案】C 【解析】句意：“在你离开之前不要忘关闭全部的窗户。”“好的，我不会的。”I will我会的；I shall我将；I won’t我不会的；I don’t我不。根据“Don’t forget to close all the windows before you leave”可知，“关闭窗户”的动作发生在未来，所以答语用一般将来时结构，结合OK可知，告诉对方不会忘记关窗户，故选C。 8. —Mum, my computer doesn’t work.   —Don’t worry. Your father________it for you after work. A. checks B. will check C. check D. going to check 【答案】B 【解析】句意：“妈妈，我的电脑出故障了。”“别担心。你爸爸下班后会给你检查的。”根据“after work”可知，此处指爸爸下班后会检查电脑，发生在将来，应为一般将来时，结构为will do或be going to do，故选B。 9. There ________ a show of singer on CCTV-3 at eight tomorrow evening. A. is going to have B. will have C. will go to be D. is going to be 【答案】D 【解析】句意：明晚八点中央电视台三套将有一档节目《歌手》。考查一般将来时态的用法。根据“There…a show of singer on CCTV-3 at eight tomorrow evening.”可知，句子为there be句型，且句子时态为一般将来时，其结构为：There is going to be/There will be，故选D。 10. I really hope you ________ to my birthday party the day after tomorrow. A. to come B. coming C. will come D. comes 【答案】C 【解析】句意：我真的希望你后天能来参加我的生日聚会。根据“hope”可知，主句为一般现在时，主现从不限，宾语从句时间状语为tomorrow，因此从句应用一般将来时，构成为will+动词原形，故选C。 11. They ________ the airport early tomorrow morning. A. will leave to B. leaves for C. are leaving for D. are leaving of 【答案】C 【解析】句意：他们明天一早就要出发去机场了。考查动词时态和动词短语。leave to留某事给……处理；leave for出发去(某地)。根据“They will”可知，该句是一般将来时，will后接动词原形，排除选项BD；根据“the airport”可知，此处指出发去机场，故选C。 12. —Are you free? I’d like you to go to the museum with me. —Sorry, there ________ some important meetings this coming weekend. A. is going to have B. is going to be C. are going to have D. are going to be 【答案】D 【解析】句意：“你有空吗？我想让你和我一起去博物馆。”“对不起，这个周末有一些重要的会议。” 分析句子结构可知，此处为there be句型，不与have连用；根据“this coming weekend”可知，时态为一般将来时，且主语为“some important meetings”，所以应填are going to be，故选D。 13. —What are you going to do next weekend? —There ________ a basketball match next Sunday. I want to watch it. A. will be B. will have C. is going to have D. are going to be 【答案】A 【解析】句意：“下个周末你打算做什么？”“下星期天将会有一场篮球赛。我想看。”根据“There”和“next Sunday”可知，本句是there be句型的一般将来时，主语是单数名词，所以结构是there will be和there is going to be，故选A。 14. I ________ as soon as I ________ in London. A. call you up; arrive B. will call you up; arrive C. call you up; will arrive D. will call you up; will arrive 【答案】B 【解析】句意：我一到伦敦就给你打电话。此处是as soon as引导的时间状语从句，主句是一般将来时，从句是一般现在时，故选B。 15. —Which team ________ the football match? —I’m not sure. The two teams both play well. Let’s wait and see. A. wins B. won C. is winning D. will win 【答案】D 【解析】句意：“哪个队将赢得这场足球赛？”“我不确定。这两个队都打得很好。让我们拭目以待。”根据“I’m not sure. The two teams both play well. Let’s wait and see.”可知，比赛胜负未定，因此不确定哪个队将赢得这场足球赛；时态用一般将来时，结构为will do，故选D。 16. —Where’s mum? —She is trying on the new dress upstairs now. She ________ it to a party. A. wears B. wore C. will wear D. is wearing 【答案】C 【解析】句意：“妈妈在哪里？”“她正在楼上试穿那件新衣服。她将穿着它去参加聚会。”根据“She is trying on the new dress upstairs now. She ... it to a party.”可知，妈妈将穿那件新衣服去聚会，时态用一般将来时，结构为will do，故选C。 17. After this exam, you ________ a wonderful holiday next month. Take it easy! A. have B. has C. had D. will have 【答案】D 【解析】句意：这次考试后，你下个月将有一个美好的假期。别紧张！根据“next month”可知，是一般将来时(will do)，故选D。 18. —It’s hot here. —I ________ and open the window. A. go B. went C. am going D. will go 【答案】D 【解析】句意：“这里很热。”“我去把窗户打开。”考查动词时态。根据“It’s hot here.”及结合语境可知，此处表示将要发生的动作，用一般将来时，故选D。 19. —________ you________ him tomorrow? —Yes, I am. A. Are, visiting B. Do, visit C. Will, visit D. Are, going to visit 【答案】D 【解析】句意：“你打算明天去拜访他吗？”“是的。”根据“tomorrow”和答语“Yes, I am”可知，此处用be going to do表达一般将来时，故选D。 20. —What is your plan for the coming Mother’s Day? —I ________ a big dinner for my mother. A. make B. am making C. made D. am going to make 【答案】D 【解析】句意：“你对即将到来的母亲节有什么计划？”“我要为我妈妈做一顿丰盛的晚餐。”make一般现在时；am making现在进行时；made一般过去时；am going to make一般将来时。根据问题“What is your plan for the coming Mother’s Day?”可知，动作发生在将来，因此用一般将来时，故选D。 21. Mike is cleaning his bike now. He ________ it to the park with his friends. A. rides B. will ride C. riding D. ride 【答案】B 【解析】句意：迈克正在清洗他的自行车。他将和他的朋友们骑着它去公园。根据“Mike is cleaning his bike now.”可知现在正在洗自行车，由此推出骑自行车去公园是将来发生的事情，用一般将来时will ride，故选B。 22. —Mary, a girl is waiting for you at the gate of our neighbourhood. —Oh, that’s Lily. We ________ the history museum together soon. A. are going B. visit C. shall visit D. went 【答案】C 【解析】句意：“玛丽，一个女孩正在我们小区门口等你。”“哦，那是莉莉。我们马上要一起参观历史博物馆。”are going现在进行时；visit参观，动词；shall visit一般将来时；went进行，动词go的过去式。根据语境和“soon”可知，我们马上要一起参观历史博物馆，时态为一般将来时，谓语用“will/shall+动词原形”的结构，主语为We，助动词用shall，visit“参观”，动词，故选C。 23. —Why are you in such a hurry? —John is waiting for me. We ___________ a football match. A. are going to watch B. watch C. are watching D. watched 【答案】A 【解析】句意：“你为什么这么着急？”“约翰在等我。我们要去看一场足球赛。”根据“John is waiting for me. We...a football match.”可知约翰在等着一起去看足球赛，由此可知“看足球赛”是将来的动作，用一般将来时be going to do，故选A。 24.—________ a sports meeting next week because of the bad weather. —What a pity! A. There won’t have B. There won’t be C. There will have D. There will be 【答案】B 【解析】句意：“由于天气不好，下周不会有运动会。”“ 真遗憾！”根据“What a pity!”可知，下周不会开运动会，A和C形式错误，D是肯定句，应用There won’t be“将不会有”，故选B。 25. —Excuse me, what time does the next train to Shanghai leave? —Just a minute. I ________ it for you. A. check B. checked C. will check D. checking 【答案】C 【解析】句意：“打扰一下，下一班去上海的火车什么时候开？”“请稍等。我帮你查一下。”根据前句“Just a minute.”语境可知，空处的动作发生在将来，故应用一般将来时，构成形式为：will do，故选C。 26. We hope there ________ a war in the world. Everyone can live a happy life. A. will not have B. is not going to be C. is not going to have D. will be not 【答案】B 【解析】句意：我们希望世界上将没有战争。每个人都过着幸福的生活。根据“We hope there ... a war in the world.”可知，此处应用一般将来时的否定形式，表达“将没有”，由“there”可知，不能与have连用，故排除选项A、C，there be结构的一般将来时的否定形式为there is not going to be/there will not be，因此选项B正确，故选B。 27. ________ an opera show next week? —Yes, ________. A. Will there be, there won’t B. Will there have, there has C. Is there, there are D. Is there going to be, there is 【答案】D 【解析】句意：“下周有歌剧演出吗？”“是的，有。”根据“next week”可知此处是there be结构的一般将来时there will be/there be going to be；其肯定的答语为根据“Yes, there will/Yes, there is”可知此处结构是there is going to be。故选D。 28. Michael ________ in a school in Yunnan from February to June next year. A. teach B. taught C. will teach D. was teaching 【答案】C 【解析】句意：米迦勒将于明年二月至六月在云南的一所学校任教。根据时间状语next year判断，句子的时态为一般将来时态，故答案为C。 29. — ________ Mr Zheng ________ Beijing last week? — No, but he ________ Beijing with his son next year. A. Did, visit, visits B. Did, visit, will visit C. Does, visit, visits D. Will, visit, will visit 【答案】B 【解析】句意：“上周郑先生参观北京了吗？”“没有，他明年将和他儿子去参观北京。”根据时间状语last week(上周)第一句时态应用一般过去时态；第二句根据时间状语next year(明年)可知时态应用一般将来时态，故选B。 30. —It’s so cloudy. I think it ________.     —I think so. A. rain B. rains C. is going to rain D. is raining 【答案】C 【解析】句意：“天太阴了。我想天要下雨了。”“我也这样认为。”根据“It’s so cloudy. I think it”可知，此处指天将要下雨，be going to表示将来，故选C。 31. —Don’t keep the lights on when they’re not in use! —Sorry, I ________. A. don’t B. won’t C. will D. am not 【答案】B 【解析】句意：“灯不用的时候不要一直开着！”“对不起，我以后不会了。”许诺不会出现那种情况，用一般将来时(表示意愿)，故选B。 32. If I ________ free tomorrow, I ________ fishing. A. am, go B. will be, will go C. am, will go D. am, am 【答案】C 【解析】句意：如果明天我有空，我将去钓鱼。根据“If I...free tomorrow, I...fishing.”可知，表示如果明天我有空，我将去钓鱼。if的条件状语从句里，如果主句使用一般将来时，那么在从句中使用一般现在时，故选C。 33. There _______ any classes tomorrow if there ______ too much snow. A. isn’t going to be, is going to be B. isn’t going to have, is C. aren’t going to be, is D. aren’t going to be, is going to be 【答案】C 【解析】句意：如果明天雪下得很大，明天将不会有课。If引导的条件状语从句，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时，there be句型的将来时是There be going to be+主语+其他。根据第一个空主语是复数，谓语动词用there aren’t going to be；第二个空用一般现在时态，主语是snow单数，谓语动词用单数，从句用一般现在时态，故填is。根据句意，故选C。 34. —I don’t know when Susan ________. —Don’t worry. When she ________, I will then you. A. comes, will come B. will come, comes C. come, comes D. has come, comes 【答案】B 【解析】句意：“我不知道苏珊什么时候来。”“不要担心。她来了，我就去接你。”第一空是宾语从句，表示“苏珊什么时候来”，应用一般将来时；第二空是when引导的时间状语从句，在主句为一般将来时的情况下，从句应用一般现在时，故选B。 35. — David, remember not to leave your homework at home and ________ it to school tomorrow. —________, I ________, Miss Zhao. A. take, No, won’t B. take, Yes, will C. bring, No, won’t D. bring, Yes, will 【答案】D 【解析】句意：“大卫，记得别把作业落在家里，明天带到学校来。” “好的，赵老师，我会的。”考查祈使句的回答和动词辨析。take强调把东西从说话者所在处带到别处；bring强调把东西从别处带到说话者所在处。根据语境可知，老师提醒David不要忘记带作业到学校，因此这里应用bring“带来”，排除A和B；然后，David的回答应该是肯定的，表示他会记住带作业，所以第二个空用“Yes”；第三个空用“will”，表示他会这样做，排除C，故选D。 二、句型转换 1. Students will use paper to finish their homework.(改为否定句) Students _____________ paper to finish their homework. 【答案】won’t use 2. They go swimming at the weekend.(用this weekend 代替at the weekend改写句子) ___________________________ this weekend. 【答案】They will go swimming 3. There are going to be some interesting TV plays on TV next month.(改为一般疑问句) _________________________________________ on TV next month? 【答案】Are there going to any interesting TV plays 4. They are going to do shopping tomorrow afternoon.(对划线部分提问) ___________________________ tomorrow afternoon? 【答案】What are they going to do 5. We will finish the homework this afternoon. (改为一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答) —___________________ the homework this afternoon? —________, _________. 【答案】Will you finish, yes, we will/No, we won’t 三、补全对话 用括号内所给动词的适当形式补全对话 A: Hey, Susan! May Day ___1___(come)! What ___2___ you ___2___(do)? B: I ___3___(climb)the Great Wall. ___4___you ___4___(go)with me? A: Sorry, Susan. I can’t go with you. I ___5___(visit)Shanghai Disneyland. B: Really? Whom/Who are you going to go with? A: My brother. He ___6___(study)in Shanghai now. He ___7___(buy)the tickets for us next week. B: Sounds really nice. When ___8___ you ___8___(leave)for Shanghai? A: On the evening of April 30. And I ___9___(come)back on the afternoon of May 3. B: Have a good time! A: Thank you. I ___10___(bring)you a gift when I’m back. B: Thanks. 【答案】 1. is coming 2. will, do 3. am going to/will climb 4. Can, go 5. will visit 6. is studying 7. will buy 8. are, leaving 9. will come 10. will bring/am going to bring 【语篇导读】本文是A和B之间的一则对话。对话主要谈论各自的五一出行计划。 【解析】 1. 用现在进行时表示将来，故填is coming。填will come也对。 2. 根据上文“May Day is coming!”可知，此处表示将来时的事情，句子时态为一般将来时，此处应用助动词will+动词原形，故填will do。 3. 根据上文“May Day is coming!”可知，此处表示将来时的事情，句子时态为一般将来时，故填am going to/will climb。 4. 根据下文“Sorry, Susan. I can’t go with you.”可知，此处询问对方是否能和自己一起去，Can you…“你 能……”，固定句式，此处询问对方是否能和自己一起去，此句为一般疑问句，此处应用动词原形，故填Can, go。 5. 此处表示将来的事情，句子时态为一般将来时，故填will visit。 6. 根据句中的时间状语“now”，用现在进行时，故填is studying。 7. 根据“next week”可知，句子时态为一般将来时，故填will buy。 8. 此处表示将来的事情，句子时态为一般将来时，leave是表示位移的动词，用现在进行时表示将来，主语为you，be动词用are，故填are, leaving。 9. 根据“on the afternoon of May 3”可知，句子时态为一般将来时，故填will come。 10. when引导的时间状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，主语为“I”，be动词用am，故填will bring/am going to bring。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 2 Neighbourhood 语法篇（一般将来时）（“学”&“练”） 一、基础知识 (一)一般将来时的两种构成形式 我们可用“will或be going to+动词原形”来谈论即将发生的事情。will与人称代词连用时，will可缩写为’ll；be going to结构中，be动词随主语的人称和数的变化而变化(am, is, are)。 注意：当主语是第一人称(I, we)时，也可以用shall来谈论即将发生的事情，但这种用法已越来越少见。不过在疑问句中同I, we连用的情况却很常见，表示征求意见或提出建议。 Shall I get some water?(征求意见) Shall we go to see the pandas?(提出建议) (二)两种形式的一般将来时用法 1. will型一般将来时的用法 【研学活动】 用法 例句 表示说话人知道或认为将会发生某事 很快就是元旦了。It ________ New Year’s Day soon. 表示说话人说话时自己或他人的计划 我现在很忙。今天下午放学后我会和你谈谈。 I’m busy now. I ________ to you after school this afternoon. 我姐姐今天要来我家。她将和我呆一个星期。 My sister is coming to my home today. She ________ with me for a week. 2. be going to型一般将来时的基本用法 【研学活动】 用法 例句 表示说话人根据已有的迹象认为某事即将发生。此时不含有主观意图，主语可以是人，也可以是物或事情(包括天气) 看那些乌云！要下雨了。 Look at the dark clouds! _________________. 春节期间他们要举办十场音乐会。 They _________________ ten concerts during the Spring Festival. 表示主观上打算在将来的某时做某事(即一种计划或打算)，通常译作“计划，打算，准备”。这种主观意图一般是经过事先安排的，其主语通常是人 “端午节就要到了,那天你打算做什么？” —The Dragon Boat Festival is coming. What ____________ _______ that day? “我打算去看望家乡的爷爷奶奶。” —I ________________ my grandparents in my home village. 3. 一般将来时的句式结构 【研学活动】 句式 构成 肯定句 主语+will/be going to+动词原形+其他. 我要去打篮球。I _________________ basketball. 否定句 主语+will not(won’t)/be not going to+动词原形+其他. 我将不去打篮球。I _________________. 一般疑问句及其回答 Will+主语+动词原形+其他? 肯定回答：Yes, 主语+will. 否定回答：No, 主语+will not(won’t). Be+主语+going to+动词原形+其他? 肯定回答：Yes, 主语+be. 否定回答：No, 主语+be not. 你要去打篮球吗？ —_________________ basketball?/_________________ basketball? 是的，我要去。—_________________ 不，我不去。—_________________. 特殊疑问句 ①特殊疑问词+will+主语+动词原形+其他? ②(作主语)特殊疑问词+will+动词原形+其他? ①特殊疑问词+be+主语+going to+动词原形+其他? ②(作主语)特殊疑问词+be going to+动词原形+其他? 你要去哪里打篮球？_________________ basketball?/_________________ basketball? 谁会去接你？_________________?/_________________? 4. 常与一般将来时连用的时间状语 【研学活动】 分类 举例 tomorrow系列 tomorrow, tomorrow morning/afternoon/evening/night, the day after tomorrow等等 next系列 next week/year/month/Sunday等等 this系列 this year, this Sunday, this weekend等等 in系列 in an hour, in two/a few days, in the future等等 其他 from now on, soon, some day等等 在上下文没有明显的时间状语的情况下，我们需要根据语境进行推断。 ①I hope all our friends ________(come)to the Asian Games in our city. ②—It’s so cloudy. I think it ________(rain).      —I think so. 5. there be句型的一般将来时 【研学活动】 句式 构成 肯定句 There will be+主语+其他. There is(are)going to be+主语+其他. 下周五我家将有一场生日聚会。 __________________________________ in my house next Friday. __________________________________ in my house next Friday. 否定句 There will not(won’t)be+主语+其他. There is/are not going to be+主语+其他. 将来不会有更多污染。_________________ more pollution in the future. 今天下午没有篮球赛。_________________ a basketball match this afternoon. 一般疑问句及其回答 Will there be+主语+其他? 肯定回答：Yes, there will. 否定回答：No, there will won’t. Is/Are there going to be+主语+其他? 肯定回答：Yes, there is/are. 否定回答：No, there isn’t/aren’t. 我认为十年后大城市的人口会减少。 —I think _________________ fewer people in big cities in ten years. 是，是的。更多的人将住在农村。 —_________________. More people will live in the countryside. 将会没有纸币吗? —_________________ no paper money? 不，不会。—_________________. 特殊疑问句 ①特殊疑问词+will there be+主语(+其他)? ②(作主语)特殊疑问词+will there be+其他? ①特殊疑问词+is/are going to be+主语(+其他)? ②(作主语)特殊疑问词+is/are going to be+其他? _________________ for dinner tonight?今晚晚餐吃什么？ ​_________________a job fair?哪里有招聘会？ 注意：在there is/are going to be ...一般将来时的句型中是用is，还是用are要随主语的单复数而定。 There are going to be over ten concerts during the Spring Festival.春节期间将有十多场音乐会。 二、难点知识 (一)现在进行时表示将来 【研学活动】 某些短暂性动词如：arrive, come, go, leave等等用现在进行时表示将来。 1. Mr. James _________(arrive)soon. As for the others, they are still sleeping. 2. My sister’s birthday _________(come). I’m thinking about buying a nice present for her. 3. —_________ you _________(go)to the cinema by bike?           —No. I _________(go)there on a bus. 4. At the beginning of July, the Greens _________(leave)for Shanghai. (二)一般现在时表示将来 【研学活动】 在if引导的条件状语从句中用一般现在时表示将来。但是当“if(是否)”引导名词性从句时，则不可以用一般现在时表示将来(参看第7题)。在时间状语从句中也用一般现在时表示将来。 1. If her son _________(become)a doctor, she _________(be)very happy. 2. —I _________(get)in touch with you if I _________(arrive)in Wuhan next Monday. —OK. Catch you on that day. 3. I don’t know if he ________(come)tomorrow. If he ________(come), I ________(tell)you． 4. — Dad, we _________(have)a school cleaning day next week. — If you _________(play)a part in it, you’ll set a good example to your sister. 5. If no one _________(buy)furs, then people won’t risk breaking the law to kill wild animals any more. 6. Lily and her friends will go to climb the mountains if it ________(not rain)tomorrow. 7. —Would you like to go hiking if it ________(be)fine this Saturday? —I’d love to. But nobody knows if it ________(rain). 8. —I don’t know when he ________(come)tomorrow. —I will call you as soon as he ________(arrive). 9. Next month we’re going somewhere interesting as soon as the holiday ________(begin). 特别注意：祈使句中谓语动词用的是原形动词，但表达的是“将来”的概念。 10. —Please don’t throw paper on the ground.   —________. A. Sorry, I don’t B. No, I don’t C. It doesn’t matter. D. Sorry, I won’t. (三)will与be going to的区别 助动词 用法 举例 will 强调将来存在的状态 It will be New Year.很快就是新年了。 未事先思考或未计划的意图 Someone is knocking at the door. I’ll answer it.有人在敲门，我去开门。 主观意愿 I hope it will be warm tomorrow. 我希望明天会暖和起来。 be going to 事先思考或计划的意图和打算 I’m going to see him tomorrow. 我打算明天去看望他。 客观迹象可能会/要发生 Look at the clouds in the sky. There is going to be rain.看看天空中的云。要下雨了。 一、单项选择 1. —What are you saving money for? —Father’s Day is around the corner. I ________ a gift for my father. A. bought B. have bought C. was buying D. am going to buy 2. —I hope you ________ to the dinner tomorrow. —OK, I ________. A. come, do B. to come, will C. come, do D. can come, will 3. — ________ a football match on CCTV 5 this evening? —Yes. ________ usually football matches on Sunday evenings. A. Will there have, There have B. Will there be, There will be C. Is there, There are D. Will there be, There are 4. It ________ my sister’s birthday tomorrow. She ________ a party. A. will have, is going to be B. will be, is going to have C. is going to be, will have D. will be, is having 5. I don’t know if it ________ next week. If it________, we won’t have the party. A. will rain, will rain B. rains, will rain C. will rain, rains D. rains, rains 6. ________ you________ free next Sunday? Shall we go for a picnic in Nanhu Park? A. Will, are B. Will, be C. Do, be D. Are, be 7. —Don’t forget to close all the windows before you leave. —OK, ________. A. I will B. I shall C. I won’t D. I don’t 8. —Mum, my computer doesn’t work.   —Don’t worry. Your father________it for you after work. A. checks B. will check C. check D. going to check 9. There ________ a show of singer on CCTV-3 at eight tomorrow evening. A. is going to have B. will have C. will go to be D. is going to be 10. I really hope you ________ to my birthday party the day after tomorrow. A. to come B. coming C. will come D. comes 11. They ________ the airport early tomorrow morning. A. will leave to B. leaves for C. are leaving for D. are leaving of 12. —Are you free? I’d like you to go to the museum with me. —Sorry, there ________ some important meetings this coming weekend. A. is going to have B. is going to be C. are going to have D. are going to be 13. —What are you going to do next weekend? —There ________ a basketball match next Sunday. I want to watch it. A. will be B. will have C. is going to have D. are going to be 14. I ________ as soon as I ________ in London. A. call you up; arrive B. will call you up; arrive C. call you up; will arrive D. will call you up; will arrive 15. —Which team ________ the football match? —I’m not sure. The two teams both play well. Let’s wait and see. A. wins B. won C. is winning D. will win 16. —Where’s mum? —She is trying on the new dress upstairs now. She ________ it to a party. A. wears B. wore C. will wear D. is wearing 17. After this exam, you ________ a wonderful holiday next month. Take it easy! A. have B. has C. had D. will have 18. —It’s hot here. —I ________ and open the window. A. go B. went C. am going D. will go 19. —________ you________ him tomorrow? —Yes, I am. A. Are, visiting B. Do, visit C. Will, visit D. Are, going to visit 20. —What is your plan for the coming Mother’s Day? —I ________ a big dinner for my mother. A. make B. am making C. made D. am going to make 21. Mike is cleaning his bike now. He ________ it to the park with his friends. A. rides B. will ride C. riding D. ride 22. —Mary, a girl is waiting for you at the gate of our neighbourhood. —Oh, that’s Lily. We ________ the history museum together soon. A. are going B. visit C. shall visit D. went 23. —Why are you in such a hurry? —John is waiting for me. We ___________ a football match. A. are going to watch B. watch C. are watching D. watched 24.—________ a sports meeting next week because of the bad weather. —What a pity! A. There won’t have B. There won’t be C. There will have D. There will be 25. —Excuse me, what time does the next train to Shanghai leave? —Just a minute. I ________ it for you. A. check B. checked C. will check D. checking 26. We hope there ________ a war in the world. Everyone can live a happy life. A. will not have B. is not going to be C. is not going to have D. will be not 27. ________ an opera show next week? —Yes, ________. A. Will there be, there won’t B. Will there have, there has C. Is there, there are D. Is there going to be, there is 28. Michael ________ in a school in Yunnan from February to June next year. A. teach B. taught C. will teach D. was teaching 29. — ________ Mr Zheng ________ Beijing last week? — No, but he ________ Beijing with his son next year. A. Did, visit, visits B. Did, visit, will visit C. Does, visit, visits D. Will, visit, will visit 30. —It’s so cloudy. I think it ________.     —I think so. A. rain B. rains C. is going to rain D. is raining 31. —Don’t keep the lights on when they’re not in use! —Sorry, I ________. A. don’t B. won’t C. will D. am not 32. If I ________ free tomorrow, I ________ fishing. A. am, go B. will be, will go C. am, will go D. am, am 33. There _______ any classes tomorrow if there ______ too much snow. A. isn’t going to be, is going to be B. isn’t going to have, is C. aren’t going to be, is D. aren’t going to be, is going to be 34. —I don’t know when Susan ________. —Don’t worry. When she ________, I will then you. A. comes, will come B. will come, comes C. come, comes D. has come, comes 35. — David, remember not to leave your homework at home and ________ it to school tomorrow. —________, I ________, Miss Zhao. A. take, No, won’t B. take, Yes, will C. bring, No, won’t D. bring, Yes, will 二、句型转换 1. Students will use paper to finish their homework.(改为否定句) Students _____________ paper to finish their homework. 2. They go swimming at the weekend.(用this weekend 代替at the weekend改写句子) ___________________________ this weekend. 3. There are going to be some interesting TV plays on TV next month.(改为一般疑问句) _________________________________________ on TV next month? 4. They are going to do shopping tomorrow afternoon.(对划线部分提问) ___________________________ tomorrow afternoon? 5. We will finish the homework this afternoon. (改为一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答) —___________________ the homework this afternoon? —________, _________. 三、补全对话 用括号内所给动词的适当形式补全对话 A: Hey, Susan! May Day ___1___(come)! What ___2___ you ___2___(do)? B: I ___3___(climb)the Great Wall. ___4___you ___4___(go)with me? A: Sorry, Susan. I can’t go with you. I ___5___(visit)Shanghai Disneyland. B: Really? Whom/Who are you going to go with? A: My brother. He ___6___(study)in Shanghai now. He ___7___(buy)the tickets for us next week. B: Sounds really nice. When ___8___ you ___8___(leave)for Shanghai? A: On the evening of April 30. And I ___9___(come)back on the afternoon of May 3. B: Have a good time! A: Thank you. I ___10___(bring)you a gift when I’m back. B: Thanks. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$