专题01 阅读理解之细节理解题-备战2025年高考英语二轮复习新题速递

专题01 阅读理解之细节理解题 ———————————————————————————————————————————— 1.（2025高三·全国·专题练习） Grading Policies for Introduction to Literature Grading Scale 90-100, A; 80-89, B; 70-79, C; 60-69, D; Below 60, E. Essays (60%) Your four major essays will combine to form the main part of the grade for this course: Essay 1 = 10%; Essay 2 = 15%; Essay 3 = 15%; Essay 4 = 20%. Group Assignments (30%) Students will work in groups to complete four assignments (作业) during the course. All the assignments will be submitted by the assigned date through Blackboard, our online learning and course management system. Daily Work/In-Class Writings and Tests/Group Work/Homework (10%) How many parts is a student’s final grade made up of? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five. 2.（2025高三·全国·专题练习） Photography Workshops (June 19 &July 10) Enhance your photography skills—join Yellowstone’s park photographer for a hands-on program to inspire new and creative ways of enjoying the beauty and wonder of Yellowstone. 6/19—Waterfalls&Wide Angles: meet at Artist Point. 7/10—Wildflowers &White Balance: meet at Washburn Trailhead in Chittenden parking area. Where will the participants meet for the July 10 photography workshop? A．Artist Point. B．Washburn Trailhead. C．Canyon Village Store. D．Visitor Education Center. 3．（2025高三·全国·专题练习）AGE, SKILLS, WHAT TO BRING Volunteers aged 10 and over are welcome. Read our Youth Policy Guidelines for youth under the age of 15. Bring your completed Volunteer Agreement Form. Volunteers under the age of 18 must have the parent/guardian approval section signed. We’ll be working rain or shine. Wear clothes that can get dirty. Bring layers for changing weather and a raincoat if necessary. Bring a personal water bottle, sunscreen, and lunch. No experience necessary. Training and tools will be provided. Fulfills (满足) community service requirements. What are the volunteers expected to do? A．Bring their own tools. B．Work even in bad weather. C．Wear a team uniform. D．Do at least three projects. 4．（2025高三·全国·专题练习）Goffin’s cockatoos, a kind of small parrot native to Australasia, have been shown to have similar shape-recognition abilities to a human two-year-old. Though not known to use tools in the wild, the birds have proved skillful at tool use while kept in the cage. In a recent experiment, cockatoos were presented with a box with a nut inside it. The clear front of the box had a “keyhole” in a geometric shape, and the birds were given five differently shaped “keys” to choose from. Inserting the correct “key” would let out the nut. How did the cockatoos get the nut from the box in the experiment? A．By following instructions. B．By using a tool. C．By turning the box around. D．By removing the lid. 5．（2025高三·全国·专题练习）As cities balloon with growth, access to nature for people living in urban areas is becoming harder to find. If you’re lucky, there might be a pocket park near where you live, but it’s unusual to find places in a city that are relatively wild. What phenomenon does the author describe at the beginning of the text? A．Pocket parks are now popular. B．Wild nature is hard to find in cities. C．Many cities are overpopulated. D．People enjoy living close to nature. 6．（2025高三·全国·专题练习）In the race to document the species on Earth before they go extinct, researchers and citizen scientists have collected billions of records. Today, most records of biodiversity are often in the form of photos, videos, and other digital records. Though they are useful for detecting shifts in the number and variety of species in an area, a new Stanford study has found that this type of record is not perfect. What do we know about the records of species collected now? A．They are becoming outdated. B．They are mostly in electronic form. C．They are limited in number. D．They are used for public exhibition. 7．（2024·山东·三模）How much does it cost to have one-year dancing class? Feitian Dancing CentreWould you like to master a special skill? Come here and join us! ¥50 / class (¥2,300 / year) Every Sunday (2:00 p. m. —5:00 p. m.) No. 123 on Liufu North Road A．¥50. B．¥1,300. C．¥123. D．￥2,300. 8.（2024高三·全国·专题练习）Media multitasking, such as scrolling through social media while watching a movie, may be linked to more brief failures in attention and difficulty remembering things. “Our data support the idea that we should be aware of how we engage with media,” says Kevin Paul Madore at Stanford University in California. He and his team compared people’s self-reported levels of media multitasking with their performances in a memory task, as part of a study including 80 participants aged 18 to 26. The researchers specifically tested episodic memory, which helps us recall events, by presenting the participants with images of objects on a computer and then later asking them to recall whether they had seen the objects earlier or not. At the same time, the team used EEG and eye tracking to monitor people’s attentiveness. Madore and his colleagues also asked participants to complete a questionnaire to determine how often they engage in various forms of media multitasking, such as texting while watching TV or reading while listening to music. They found that people who reported more frequent media multitasking had more brief failures in attention during the memory task, which was associated with increased difficulties with remembering. “I think conscious awareness of attentiveness and limiting potential distractions can go a long way in memory preparedness and reducing mind wandering or mind blanking,” says Madore. “Resisting media multitasking during school lectures or work zones, or limiting media multitasking to set times, could be valuable.” “Media multitasking is becoming more prominent. We don’t actually know anything about the effects yet,” says Amy Orben at the University of Cambridge. It will be important to investigate whether media multitasking causes brief attentional failure and memory failure or whether there is another factor, such as how generally distractible a person is, that could explain the association. “This could be investigated through studies that monitor people over time and this is a really interesting area that we should explore,” she says. 8．What were the research subjects asked to do? A．Monitor their attentiveness. B．Recall the content of the images. C．Describe their frequency of media multitasking. D．Answer some questions on potential distractions. 9．According to Madore, what can benefit people’s memory? A．Avoiding mind wandering. B．Restricting media multitasking. C．Engaging less with social media. D．Being aware of potential distractions. 9.（2024高三·全国·专题练习）I was 16 years old the day I skipped school for the first time. It was easily done: Both my parents left for work before my school bus arrived, so when it showed up at my house on that cold winter morning, I simply did not get on. The perfect crime! And what did I do with myself on that glorious stolen day, with no adult in charge and no limits on my activities? Did I get high? Hit the mall for shopping? Nope. I built a warm fire in the wood stove, prepared a bowl of popcorn, grabbed a blanket, and read. I was thrilled and transported by a book — it was Hemingway’s The Sun Also Rises—and I just needed to be alone with it for a little while. I ached to know what would happen to Jake Barnes and Lady Brett Ashley and Robert Cohn. I couldn’t bear the thought of sitting in a classroom taking another biology exam when I could be traveling through Spain in the 1920s with a bunch of expatriates (异乡客). I spent that day lost in words. Time fell away, as the room around me turned to mist, and my role — as a daughter, sister, teenager, and student — in the world no longer had any meaning. I had accidentally come across the key to perfect happiness: I had become completely absorbed in something I loved. Looking back on it now, I can see that some subtle things were happening to my mind and to my life while I was in that state of absorption. Hemingway’s language was quietly braiding itself into my imagination. I was downloading information about how to create simple and elegant sentences, a good and solid plot. In other words, I was learning how to write. Without realizing it, I was on the trail of my own fate. Writing now absorbs me the way reading once did and happiness is their generous side effect. What did the author think is the source of true joy? A．Reading by the fire. B．Travelling in Spain. C．Freeing herself from the roles. D．Being lost in one’s passion. 10．（2024高三·全国·专题练习）It is an uncomfortable fact that civilized society is almost completely dependent upon fossil fuels in nearly every aspect. Whether you believe there are hundreds of years or just a few decades left of this resource, the fact remains that it is a limited resource. At some point, fossil fuels are going to either be gone or become too expensive to realistically use. That is, when fossil fuels become too expensive to use, people will just start using something else. Though this may work well in theory, actually shifting from fossil fuels is not the same as shifting from one brand of shampoo to another. This is entirely due to the fact that humans rely so much on the infrastructure (基础设施) they have developed, which is entirely dependent upon this resource, accounting for 85% of the United State's energy use. If the world were entirely dependent upon solar energy, that would be fine because sunlight is a continuing resource. However, at the current state of things, humans are in a dangerous position owing to its complete dependence upon one single limited input. Fossil fuels are also responsible for a significant amount of land, water, and air pollution beyond their carbon dioxide (二氧化碳) production. For example, coal mining brings solid wastes to the surface that would normally remain underground and the areas around a mine can remain barren (贫瘠的) for generations due to the lack of proper topsoil. The burning of coal for energy also produces many different types of particulate (微粒的) matter that pollutes the air. Compared with fossil fuels, renewable energy is far more environmentally friendly. There exists an argument that renewable energy options are not as efficient as fossil fuels because the deployment (部署) of renewable energy equipment like the wind turbine (风力涡轮机) costs a lot of money. However, when factors such as pollution and climate change are considered, renewable energy is actually far more efficient than fossil fuels. And fossil fuels will be surely replaced by renewable energy whether it is your generation or your grandchildren's. According to paragraph 1, we know fossil fuels_______. A．are heavily depended on by humans B．are a symbol of civilized society C．are becoming more and more expensive D．can be replaced by other resources soon 11．（2024高三·全国·专题练习）In an effort to keep a little poetry in my life long after National Poetry Month passed, I decide to read at least one poem a day after scanning the newspaper over breakfast. Thanks to the free online poetry-in-your-inbox services, it’s been an easy resolution（解决办法）to keep. Poem-a-Day was started during National Poetry Month in 2016, and it focuses on new and previously unpublished poems by contemporary poets on weekdays and classic poems on weekends. Ted Kooser offers a similar service through his American Life in Poetry Series, though it’s a weekly, rather than a daily. Kooser briefly introduces each week’s poem, offering a little bit of information about the selection, the writer, and books where readers can turn to if they want more work from the featured poet. Reading at least one poem a day has been like an intellectual vitamin, giving me a small dose（剂量）of literature even on busy days when I can’t get to the novels and non-fiction on my desk beside the bed. Another benefit has been connecting with a lot of talented poets I wouldn’t otherwise know about. Poetry being what it is, even the best talents in the style can work in relative obscurity（朦胧）. Maybe the biggest benefit of reading a poem every morning has been the chance to see the familiar in new ways. Last April, I wondered if I could remind myself to read a poem each morning. Now, deep in summer, I wonder if I could ever do without it. What is Ted Kooser’s American Life in Poetry Series about? A．A daily online newspaper. B．A weekly for publishing poems. C．A free online service for reading lovers. D．A social online platform for poem lovers. 12.（2024高三下·全国·专题练习）To avoid becoming the head story on the evening news, be prepared. Before you head out on a hike, check the weather, take plenty of water, and make sure someone knows where you’ll be and when you’ll be back. Bring clothes to keep you warm when wet. Avoid cotton, which is easy to take in moisture(潮气). “To avoid getting lost, check often to make sure you’re still on the trail(路线),”says John Dill, a search-and-rescue worker at Yosemite National Park in California.“The minute you think you might not be on the trail, stop.” If you’re not alone, focusing on the needs of others can help you get rid of your own fears. Other keys to survival: staying observant and remembering to rest. The surest way to get out alive is to take basic precautions(预防措施), such as taking a set of survival equipment. It includes waterproof matches for starting a fire, a folding knife for cutting branches, and a plastic tarp(防水布) for making shelter. Generally, people who try to find their own way out get along worse than those who stay, says Richard N. Bradley, MD, of the American Red Cross. Find shelter before dark, and try to keep dry. Stay visible so that anyone searching can see you. In a wide-open area, make a signal with colorful tools, make a big X out of rocks, or dig a long shallow hole. You can go several days without eating, so in most cases, you’d better not search for food, since there are lots of poisonous plants in the wild, says Dr Bradley. You cannot survive without water, so if you run out of water, it’s usually better to drink from a stream with suspect water than to go without. 13．According to the writer, how can you avoid getting lost when you are alone? A．Make sure you don’t leave the trail. B．Remember not to stop on the trail. C．Try to look for others’ help. D．Overcome the fear of getting lost. 14．According to the passage, you may get into trouble if you _____. A．try to find food to fill your stomach in the wild B．stay in the shelter before dark C．remain where you get lost and wait for help D．drink water from the stream 15．Why does the author suggest digging a long shallow hole in a wide-open area when you get lost? A．To find some water to drink. B．To store some food you’ve brought along C．To attract the rescuer’s attention. D．To use it as a shelter. 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 1 / 15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题01 阅读理解之细节理解题 ———————————————————————————————————————————— 1.（2025高三·全国·专题练习） Grading Policies for Introduction to Literature Grading Scale 90-100, A; 80-89, B; 70-79, C; 60-69, D; Below 60, E. Essays (60%) Your four major essays will combine to form the main part of the grade for this course: Essay 1 = 10%; Essay 2 = 15%; Essay 3 = 15%; Essay 4 = 20%. Group Assignments (30%) Students will work in groups to complete four assignments (作业) during the course. All the assignments will be submitted by the assigned date through Blackboard, our online learning and course management system. Daily Work/In-Class Writings and Tests/Group Work/Homework (10%) How many parts is a student’s final grade made up of? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five. 【答案】B 【导语】这是一则广告，主要介绍了文学导论课程的评分政策。 【详解】细节理解题。根据原文的“Essays (60%)、Group Assignments (30%)和Daily Work/In-Class Writings and Tests/Groups Work/Homework (10%)”可知，学生的最终成绩由3部分组成。故选B。 2.（2025高三·全国·专题练习） Photography Workshops (June 19 &July 10) Enhance your photography skills—join Yellowstone’s park photographer for a hands-on program to inspire new and creative ways of enjoying the beauty and wonder of Yellowstone. 6/19—Waterfalls&Wide Angles: meet at Artist Point. 7/10—Wildflowers &White Balance: meet at Washburn Trailhead in Chittenden parking area. Where will the participants meet for the July 10 photography workshop? A．Artist Point. B．Washburn Trailhead. C．Canyon Village Store. D．Visitor Education Center. 【答案】B 【导语】这是一则广告，主要介绍了摄影研讨会的举办目的、时间及地点信息。 【详解】细节理解题。根据第三段的“meet at Washburn Trailhead in Chittenden parking area(在Chittenden停车场的Washburn Trailhead会面。)”可知，7月10日的摄影研讨会将在Washburn Trailhead举行。故选B。 3．（2025高三·全国·专题练习）AGE, SKILLS, WHAT TO BRING Volunteers aged 10 and over are welcome. Read our Youth Policy Guidelines for youth under the age of 15. Bring your completed Volunteer Agreement Form. Volunteers under the age of 18 must have the parent/guardian approval section signed. We’ll be working rain or shine. Wear clothes that can get dirty. Bring layers for changing weather and a raincoat if necessary. Bring a personal water bottle, sunscreen, and lunch. No experience necessary. Training and tools will be provided. Fulfills (满足) community service requirements. What are the volunteers expected to do? A．Bring their own tools. B．Work even in bad weather. C．Wear a team uniform. D．Do at least three projects. 【答案】B 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章详细说明了志愿者活动的参与条件、所需物品、天气准备、个人物品要求以及是否需要经验等关键信息，旨在向潜在参与者提供清晰的活动参与指南。 【详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“We’ll be working rain or shine. (我们将风雨无阻地工作)”可知，身为志愿者，即使天气不好也要工作。故选B项。 4．（2025高三·全国·专题练习）Goffin’s cockatoos, a kind of small parrot native to Australasia, have been shown to have similar shape-recognition abilities to a human two-year-old. Though not known to use tools in the wild, the birds have proved skillful at tool use while kept in the cage. In a recent experiment, cockatoos were presented with a box with a nut inside it. The clear front of the box had a “keyhole” in a geometric shape, and the birds were given five differently shaped “keys” to choose from. Inserting the correct “key” would let out the nut. How did the cockatoos get the nut from the box in the experiment? A．By following instructions. B．By using a tool. C．By turning the box around. D．By removing the lid. 【答案】B 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了研究发现一些鸟类具有使用工具的能力。 【详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二句话“Though not known to use tools in the wild, the birds have proved skillful at tool use while kept in the cage.(虽然人们不知道这些鸟在野外会使用工具，但在笼子里，它们已经证明了它们使用工具的技巧。)”以及文章最后“and the birds were given five differently shaped “keys” to choose from. Inserting the correct “key” would let out the nut.(并且研究人员给了这些鸟五种不同形状的“钥匙”供它们选择。插入正确的“钥匙”将打开螺母)”可知，凤头鹦鹉可以使用正确的“钥匙”来打开盒子，即使用工具从盒子里拿到坚果。故选B项。 5．（2025高三·全国·专题练习）As cities balloon with growth, access to nature for people living in urban areas is becoming harder to find. If you’re lucky, there might be a pocket park near where you live, but it’s unusual to find places in a city that are relatively wild. What phenomenon does the author describe at the beginning of the text? A．Pocket parks are now popular. B．Wild nature is hard to find in cities. C．Many cities are overpopulated. D．People enjoy living close to nature. 【答案】B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了随着城市的快速发展，城市居民越来越难以接触到自然环境。 【详解】细节理解题。根据所给段落内容“As cities balloon with growth, access to nature for people living in urban areas is becoming harder to find. If you’re lucky, there might be a pocket park near where you live, but it’s unusual to find places in a city that are relatively wild.(随着城市的飞速发展，生活在城市地区的人们越来越难以接近大自然。如果你幸运的话，你住的地方附近可能会有一个袖珍公园，但在城市里找到相对天然的地方是罕见的)”可知，文章开头作者讲述了一种现象，在城市里，人们很难找到天然的自然。故选B。 6．（2025高三·全国·专题练习）In the race to document the species on Earth before they go extinct, researchers and citizen scientists have collected billions of records. Today, most records of biodiversity are often in the form of photos, videos, and other digital records. Though they are useful for detecting shifts in the number and variety of species in an area, a new Stanford study has found that this type of record is not perfect. What do we know about the records of species collected now? A．They are becoming outdated. B．They are mostly in electronic form. C．They are limited in number. D．They are used for public exhibition. 【答案】B 【导语】 这是一篇说明文。主要说明了为了在地球上的物种灭绝之前记录它们，研究人员和公民科学家已经收集了数十亿条记录。 【详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Today, most records of biodiversity are often in the form of photos, videos, and other digital records. (今天，大多数生物多样性的记录通常以照片、视频和其他数字记录的形式出现)”可知，现在收集的物种记录大多是以电子形式存在的。故选B。 7．（2024·山东·三模）How much does it cost to have one-year dancing class? Feitian Dancing CentreWould you like to master a special skill? Come here and join us! ¥50 / class (¥2,300 / year) Every Sunday (2:00 p. m. —5:00 p. m.) No. 123 on Liufu North Road A．¥50. B．¥1,300. C．¥123. D．￥2,300. 【答案】D 【详解】细节理解题。根据¥2,300 / year可知，一年的舞蹈课，2300元，故选D。 8.（2024高三·全国·专题练习）Media multitasking, such as scrolling through social media while watching a movie, may be linked to more brief failures in attention and difficulty remembering things. “Our data support the idea that we should be aware of how we engage with media,” says Kevin Paul Madore at Stanford University in California. He and his team compared people’s self-reported levels of media multitasking with their performances in a memory task, as part of a study including 80 participants aged 18 to 26. The researchers specifically tested episodic memory, which helps us recall events, by presenting the participants with images of objects on a computer and then later asking them to recall whether they had seen the objects earlier or not. At the same time, the team used EEG and eye tracking to monitor people’s attentiveness. Madore and his colleagues also asked participants to complete a questionnaire to determine how often they engage in various forms of media multitasking, such as texting while watching TV or reading while listening to music. They found that people who reported more frequent media multitasking had more brief failures in attention during the memory task, which was associated with increased difficulties with remembering. “I think conscious awareness of attentiveness and limiting potential distractions can go a long way in memory preparedness and reducing mind wandering or mind blanking,” says Madore. “Resisting media multitasking during school lectures or work zones, or limiting media multitasking to set times, could be valuable.” “Media multitasking is becoming more prominent. We don’t actually know anything about the effects yet,” says Amy Orben at the University of Cambridge. It will be important to investigate whether media multitasking causes brief attentional failure and memory failure or whether there is another factor, such as how generally distractible a person is, that could explain the association. “This could be investigated through studies that monitor people over time and this is a really interesting area that we should explore,” she says. 8．What were the research subjects asked to do? A．Monitor their attentiveness. B．Recall the content of the images. C．Describe their frequency of media multitasking. D．Answer some questions on potential distractions. 9．According to Madore, what can benefit people’s memory? A．Avoiding mind wandering. B．Restricting media multitasking. C．Engaging less with social media. D．Being aware of potential distractions. 【答案】8．C 9．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。研究发现同时处理多个多媒体任务可能导致记忆力变差，文章介绍了这项研究开展的过程以及研究人员指出限制媒体多任务可以有助于人们的记忆，未来的研究最可能关注媒体多任务处理是否会引起注意力不集中的问题。 8．细节理解题。根据第二段中“He and his team compared people’s self-reported levels of media multitasking with their performances in a memory task, as part of a study including 80 participants aged 18 to 26.(他和他的团队对80名年龄在18岁至26岁之间的参与者进行了一项研究，将他们自我报告的媒体多任务处理水平和他们在记忆任务中的表现进行了比较)”可知，研究对象被要求描述他们对媒体多任务处理的频率。故选C。 9．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段““I think conscious awareness of attentiveness and limiting potential distractions can go a long way in memory preparedness and reducing mind wandering or mind blanking,” says Madore. “Resisting media multitasking during school lectures or work zones, or limiting media multitasking to set times, could be valuable.”(Madore说：“我认为，有意识地意识到注意力的集中，限制潜在的干扰，对记忆准备和减少神游或思维空白大有帮助。在学校讲座或工作区域抵制媒体多任务处理，或将媒体多任务处理限制在特定时间，可能是有价值的。”)”可知，Madore认为限制媒体多任务可以有助于人们的记忆。故选B。 9.（2024高三·全国·专题练习）I was 16 years old the day I skipped school for the first time. It was easily done: Both my parents left for work before my school bus arrived, so when it showed up at my house on that cold winter morning, I simply did not get on. The perfect crime! And what did I do with myself on that glorious stolen day, with no adult in charge and no limits on my activities? Did I get high? Hit the mall for shopping? Nope. I built a warm fire in the wood stove, prepared a bowl of popcorn, grabbed a blanket, and read. I was thrilled and transported by a book — it was Hemingway’s The Sun Also Rises—and I just needed to be alone with it for a little while. I ached to know what would happen to Jake Barnes and Lady Brett Ashley and Robert Cohn. I couldn’t bear the thought of sitting in a classroom taking another biology exam when I could be traveling through Spain in the 1920s with a bunch of expatriates (异乡客). I spent that day lost in words. Time fell away, as the room around me turned to mist, and my role — as a daughter, sister, teenager, and student — in the world no longer had any meaning. I had accidentally come across the key to perfect happiness: I had become completely absorbed in something I loved. Looking back on it now, I can see that some subtle things were happening to my mind and to my life while I was in that state of absorption. Hemingway’s language was quietly braiding itself into my imagination. I was downloading information about how to create simple and elegant sentences, a good and solid plot. In other words, I was learning how to write. Without realizing it, I was on the trail of my own fate. Writing now absorbs me the way reading once did and happiness is their generous side effect. What did the author think is the source of true joy? A．Reading by the fire. B．Travelling in Spain. C．Freeing herself from the roles. D．Being lost in one’s passion. 【答案】D 【详解】这是一篇记叙文。作者通过讲述自己因为被海明威的作品吸引而逃学的事说明海明威的风格对自己影响很大。 1.细节理解题。根据第四段“I had accidentally come across the key to perfect happiness: I had become completely absorbed in something I loved.（我偶然发现了完美幸福的关键：我已经完全沉浸在我喜欢的事情中。）”可知，作者认为真正快乐的源泉是沉浸于自己所爱的东西中。故选D项。 10．（2024高三·全国·专题练习）It is an uncomfortable fact that civilized society is almost completely dependent upon fossil fuels in nearly every aspect. Whether you believe there are hundreds of years or just a few decades left of this resource, the fact remains that it is a limited resource. At some point, fossil fuels are going to either be gone or become too expensive to realistically use. That is, when fossil fuels become too expensive to use, people will just start using something else. Though this may work well in theory, actually shifting from fossil fuels is not the same as shifting from one brand of shampoo to another. This is entirely due to the fact that humans rely so much on the infrastructure (基础设施) they have developed, which is entirely dependent upon this resource, accounting for 85% of the United State's energy use. If the world were entirely dependent upon solar energy, that would be fine because sunlight is a continuing resource. However, at the current state of things, humans are in a dangerous position owing to its complete dependence upon one single limited input. Fossil fuels are also responsible for a significant amount of land, water, and air pollution beyond their carbon dioxide (二氧化碳) production. For example, coal mining brings solid wastes to the surface that would normally remain underground and the areas around a mine can remain barren (贫瘠的) for generations due to the lack of proper topsoil. The burning of coal for energy also produces many different types of particulate (微粒的) matter that pollutes the air. Compared with fossil fuels, renewable energy is far more environmentally friendly. There exists an argument that renewable energy options are not as efficient as fossil fuels because the deployment (部署) of renewable energy equipment like the wind turbine (风力涡轮机) costs a lot of money. However, when factors such as pollution and climate change are considered, renewable energy is actually far more efficient than fossil fuels. And fossil fuels will be surely replaced by renewable energy whether it is your generation or your grandchildren's. According to paragraph 1, we know fossil fuels_______. A．are heavily depended on by humans B．are a symbol of civilized society C．are becoming more and more expensive D．can be replaced by other resources soon 【答案】A 【详解】这是一篇议论文。本文主要通过陈述化石燃料这种资源的减少、不可再生和对环境的危害，让人们意识到使用可再生能源是一个必然的、势不可挡的趋势。 1.细节理解题。根据第一段的It is an uncomfortable fact that civilized society is almost completely dependent upon fossil fuels in nearly every aspect.可知文明社会几乎在每个方面都完全依赖化石燃料，即人类几乎完全依靠化石燃料。A. are heavily depended on by humans(人类严重依靠化石燃料)符合以上说法，故选A项。 11．（2024高三·全国·专题练习）In an effort to keep a little poetry in my life long after National Poetry Month passed, I decide to read at least one poem a day after scanning the newspaper over breakfast. Thanks to the free online poetry-in-your-inbox services, it’s been an easy resolution（解决办法）to keep. Poem-a-Day was started during National Poetry Month in 2016, and it focuses on new and previously unpublished poems by contemporary poets on weekdays and classic poems on weekends. Ted Kooser offers a similar service through his American Life in Poetry Series, though it’s a weekly, rather than a daily. Kooser briefly introduces each week’s poem, offering a little bit of information about the selection, the writer, and books where readers can turn to if they want more work from the featured poet. Reading at least one poem a day has been like an intellectual vitamin, giving me a small dose（剂量）of literature even on busy days when I can’t get to the novels and non-fiction on my desk beside the bed. Another benefit has been connecting with a lot of talented poets I wouldn’t otherwise know about. Poetry being what it is, even the best talents in the style can work in relative obscurity（朦胧）. Maybe the biggest benefit of reading a poem every morning has been the chance to see the familiar in new ways. Last April, I wondered if I could remind myself to read a poem each morning. Now, deep in summer, I wonder if I could ever do without it. What is Ted Kooser’s American Life in Poetry Series about? A．A daily online newspaper. B．A weekly for publishing poems. C．A free online service for reading lovers. D．A social online platform for poem lovers. 【答案】C 【详解】这是一篇记叙文。这篇文章讲述了作者如何爱上早上读一首诗的故事。 细节理解题。根据第三段“Ted Kooser offers a similar service through his American Life in Poetry Series, though it’s a weekly, rather than a daily.”泰德·库瑟(Ted Kooser)通过他的《美国生活》(American Life in Poetry)系列作品提供了类似的服务，尽管它是周刊，而不是日报。以及上文提到的免费在线poetry-in-your-inbox服务，可知，Ted Kooser的美国生活诗歌系列是为阅读爱好者提供的免费在线服务。故选C项。 12.（2024高三下·全国·专题练习）To avoid becoming the head story on the evening news, be prepared. Before you head out on a hike, check the weather, take plenty of water, and make sure someone knows where you’ll be and when you’ll be back. Bring clothes to keep you warm when wet. Avoid cotton, which is easy to take in moisture(潮气). “To avoid getting lost, check often to make sure you’re still on the trail(路线),”says John Dill, a search-and-rescue worker at Yosemite National Park in California.“The minute you think you might not be on the trail, stop.” If you’re not alone, focusing on the needs of others can help you get rid of your own fears. Other keys to survival: staying observant and remembering to rest. The surest way to get out alive is to take basic precautions(预防措施), such as taking a set of survival equipment. It includes waterproof matches for starting a fire, a folding knife for cutting branches, and a plastic tarp(防水布) for making shelter. Generally, people who try to find their own way out get along worse than those who stay, says Richard N. Bradley, MD, of the American Red Cross. Find shelter before dark, and try to keep dry. Stay visible so that anyone searching can see you. In a wide-open area, make a signal with colorful tools, make a big X out of rocks, or dig a long shallow hole. You can go several days without eating, so in most cases, you’d better not search for food, since there are lots of poisonous plants in the wild, says Dr Bradley. You cannot survive without water, so if you run out of water, it’s usually better to drink from a stream with suspect water than to go without. 13．According to the writer, how can you avoid getting lost when you are alone? A．Make sure you don’t leave the trail. B．Remember not to stop on the trail. C．Try to look for others’ help. D．Overcome the fear of getting lost. 14．According to the passage, you may get into trouble if you _____. A．try to find food to fill your stomach in the wild B．stay in the shelter before dark C．remain where you get lost and wait for help D．drink water from the stream 15．Why does the author suggest digging a long shallow hole in a wide-open area when you get lost? A．To find some water to drink. B．To store some food you’ve brought along C．To attract the rescuer’s attention. D．To use it as a shelter. 【答案】13．A 14．A 15．C 【详解】这是一篇说明文。文章提供了一些人们在迷路的情况下如何自救的一些建议。 细节理解题。根据第二段““To avoid getting lost, check often to make sure you’re still on the trail(路线),”says John Dill, a search-and-rescue worker at Yosemite National Park in California.”（“为了避免迷路，经常检查以确保你仍在路上,”加利福尼亚州约塞米蒂国家公园的搜救人员约翰·迪尔说。）可知，你一个人的时候能避免迷路的方法就是确保你没有离开道路。故选A项。 细节理解题。根据最后一段“You can go several days without eating, so in most cases, you’d better not search for food, since there are lots of poisonous plants in the wild, says Dr Bradley.”（布拉德利博士说，你可以连续几天不吃东西，所以在大多数情况下，你最好不要寻找食物，因为野外有很多有毒植物。）可知，如果你试着在野外寻找食物填饱肚子，很有可能会食物中毒，换句话说就是你会给自己惹麻烦。故选A项。 细节理解题。根据第四段“Stay visible so that anyone searching can see you.In a wide-open area, make a signal with colorful tools, make a big X out of rocks, or dig a long shallow hole.”（保持可见，以便任何搜索者都能看到您。在开阔的区域，用五颜六色的工具发出信号，用岩石做一个大X，或者挖一个长而浅的洞。）可知，作者建议你迷路时在开阔的地方挖一个浅而长的洞的原因是吸引救援人员的注意。故选C项。 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 1 / 15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$