专题08 定语从句-2025年高考英语二轮复习零失误必刷题

专题08 定语从句 ———————————————————————————————————————————— 一、单句语法填空 1．（24-25高三上·福建·期末）In a world where nearly 800 million people a year go hungry, “food waste goes against the moral grain,” Elizabeth Royte writes in this month’s cover story. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】as 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：在一个每年有近8亿人挨饿的世界上，正如伊丽莎白·罗伊特在本月的封面故事中所写的那样，“浪费食物违背了道德准则”。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面的句子，在定语从句中作宾语，表示“正如”，应用as。故填as。 2．（23-24高三上·江苏南通·期末）As we explore the world in greater depth, we may reach a point it is impossible to run an experimental scenario in the real world due to physical, ethical or financial limitations. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】where 【详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意：当我们更深入地探索这个世界时，我们可能会到达一个点，由于物理、道德或财务的限制，我们不可能在现实世界中运行一个实验场景。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，从句中结构完整，应该用关系副词引导，先行词是point，在从句中作地点状语，用where引导。故填where。 3．（24-25高三上·全国·课后作业）In today’s competitive economy everyone is trying to do more with less, you’ve got to figure out a way to profit from the very beginning．（用适当的词填空） 【答案】where 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：在当今竞争激烈的经济中，每个人都想用更少的钱做更多的事，你必须从一开始就想办法获利。此处为定语从句修饰先行词 economy，先行词在从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词where引导。故填where。 4．（23-24高三上·福建·期末）Children should be encouraged to get involved in community activities they can gain experience for growth. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】where 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：应该鼓励孩子们参加社区活动，在那里他们可以获得成长的经验。定语从句修饰先行词activities，在从句作地点状语，故填where。 5．（24-25高三上·全国·课后作业）The rescue workers brought tents and lamps to the shelters the victims were staying. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】in which/where 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：救援人员把帐篷和灯送到了受害者所住的避难所。________ the victims were staying是定语从句，修饰the shelters，在从句缺少地点状语，应该用关系副词where或介词in加关系代词which引导该从句。故填where或in which。 6．（24-25高三上·全国·课后作业）Is there a bookstore around I can buy an English- Chinese dictionary? (用适当的词填空) 【答案】where/in which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：附近有没有书店可以买到英汉词典？此处为定语从句修饰先行词bookstore，从句缺少地点状语，故用where或in which。故填where/in which。 7．（24-25高三上·全国·课后作业）The rescue workers brought tents and lamps to the shelters the victims were staying. （用适当的词填空） 【答案】in which/where 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：救援人员把帐篷和灯送到了受害者所住的避难所。______ the victims were staying是定语从句，修饰the shelters，在从句缺少地点状语，应该用关系副词where或介词in加关系代词which引导该从句。故填where或in which。 8．（24-25高三上·全国·课后作业）A whirlpool is a small area in the sea the water is moving quickly around and objects floating near it are pulled into its centre. （用适当的词填空） 【答案】where/in which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：漩涡是海洋中的一小块区域，水在这里快速移动，附近漂浮的物体被拉到漩涡中心。_______ the water is moving quickly around是定语从句，修饰a small area。引导词在从句中作地点状语，应该用关系副词where引导该从句，也可以用介词in+which引导定语从句。故填where或in which。 9．（24-25高三·广东广州·考试）“It’s called a longevity tree in Qiandongnan, implication of hope matches China’s boosting space industry.” she said. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：“它在黔东南被称为长寿树，寓意着希望，与中国蓬勃发展的航天工业相匹配。”她说。在定语从句中不缺少主语、宾语或表语，且implication和先行词a longevity tree构成所属关系，所以应用关系代词whose表示“……的”。故填whose。 10．（24-25高三上·广东佛山·阶段练习）Even though Tu Youyou is not interested in fame, she has become a scientist work is internationally renowned. （用适当的词填空） 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：句意: 尽管屠呦呦对名声不感兴趣，她已成为一位工作享誉国际的科学家。空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词scientist，关系词在从句中作定语，scientist和work是所属关系，用关系代词whose引导从句。故填whose。 11．（24-25高三上·全国·课后作业）Nina recently finished her year-long series of runs in Chicago, thousands were attending a water conference. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】where 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：最近，尼娜在芝加哥结束了长达一年的系列跑步活动，数千人在那里参加了一个水务会议。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是Chicago，关系词替代先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。 12．（24-25高三上·全国·课后作业）Some live in remote parts of South America, way of life is in danger of disappearing.（用适当的词填空） 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：有些人生活在南美洲的偏远地区，他们的生活方式正面临消失的危险。分析句子结构可知，“way of life is in danger of disappearing.”是非限定性定语从句，先行词为some，指的是“有些人”，指人，且定语从句中缺少定语，应用关系代词whose。故填whose。 13．（24-25高三上·全国·课后作业）When you sleep, your brain sorts through everything happened during the day, trying to link new experiences to old memories. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：当你睡觉时，你的大脑会整理白天发生的一切，试图将新的经历与旧的记忆联系起来。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，修饰先行词everything，是不定代词，关系代词只用that不用which，故填that。 14．（24-25高三上·全国·课后作业）He experimented with different styles of painting, but was most famous for his work in Cubism, which often uses acute angles and the world is represented as being constructed of cubes and rectangles. 【答案】where 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他尝试了不同风格的绘画，但最著名的是他的立体派作品，它经常使用锐角，在那里，世界是由立方体和矩形构成的。本句为定语从句修饰先行词Cubism，且先行词在本空后从句中做地点状语，故填关系副词where。故填where。 15．（2025高三·全国·专题练习）It’s the only Thai restaurant ranks among the top 10 of the world’s 50 best restaurants list. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这是一家唯一跻身于世界50佳餐厅前十名的泰国餐厅。空格处引导定语从句，先行词为Thai restaurant，指物，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，且先行词有the only修饰，应用关系代词that引导。故填that。 16．（2025高三·全国·专题练习）Their recovery has been so successful that the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service has twice attempted to de-list grizzlies, would loosen legal protections and allow them to be hunted. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：它们恢复得非常成功，以至于美国鱼类及野生动植物管理局两次试图将灰熊从名单上去掉，这将放松法律保护，允许灰熊被猎杀。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，从句缺少主语，指代将灰熊从名单上去掉这件事，用关系代词 which。故填which。 17．（2025高三·全国·专题练习）Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all was left was pure water. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：几周内，它全部被消化掉了，剩下的只有纯净的水。根据空前all和空后was left was pure water可知，空处引导定语从句，关系词在从句中作主语, 指代先行词all，all为不定代词，只能用来that引导定语从句。故填that。 18．（2025高三·全国·专题练习）Nevertheless, it contains lots of ideas beyond the passage of time, some of are still relevant today. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：然而，它包含了许多超越时间流逝的思想，其中一些仍然适用于今天。空处和空前的some of搭配，形成“代词+of+关系代词”的结构，引导非限制性定语从句，对先行词ideas作补充说明，先行词指物，作介词of的宾语，因此应用关系代词which。故填which。 19．（2025高三·全国·专题练习）For the past year, all the leftover food waste from the school has gone into composting containers rather than a landfill it would be buried and would produce planet-warming gases. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】where 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：在过去的一年里, 学校所有的剩余食物垃圾都被放进了堆肥容器，而不是填埋场，在填埋场，这些食物垃圾会被填埋，产生导致地球变暖的气体。设空处引导定语从句，在从句中作状语，先行词为a landfill，表地点， 应用关系副词where。故填where。 20．（2025高三·全国·专题练习）Sitting in Quanzhou City, the ancient Maritime Silk Road started, it has sold like hotcakes at home and abroad since the Song Dynasty. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】where 【详解】考查定语从句。句意: 它位于古代海上丝绸之路的起源地泉州，自宋代以来就在国内外畅销。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，引导词指代先行词Quanzhou City并在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where。故填where。 21．（2025高三·全国·专题练习）Many of the chemicals in fireworks are also persistent in the environment, means they stubbornly sit there instead of breaking down. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：烟花中的许多化学物质也会在环境中持续存在，这意味着它们顽固地停留在那里，而不是分解。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词指代整个主句的内容，关系词替代先行词在从句中作主语，用关系代词which。故填which。 22．（2025高三·全国·专题练习）Rankings, however, are only one reason a low value is placed on teaching in higher education. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】why 【详解】考查定语从句。句意: 然而，排名只是高等教育对教学重视程度较低的一个原因。设空处引导定语从句, 修饰先行词reason，引导词在从句中作原因状语, 应用关系副词why。故填why。 23．（2025高三·全国·专题练习）Even though Britain has a reputation for less-than-impressive cuisine, it is producing more top class chefs who appear frequently on our television screens and recipe books frequently top the best seller lists. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意: 尽管英国食物不那么令人印象深刻，但英国正在培养更多的顶级厨师，他们经常出现在我们的电视屏幕上，其食谱经常位居畅销书榜首。根据空前定语从句who appear frequently on our television screens and可知，and并列两个限制性定语从句，共同修饰先行词more top class chefs，空处引导定语从句，关系词替代先行词在从句中作recipe books的定语，用关系代词whose。故填whose。 24．（2025高三上·宁夏内蒙古·专题练习）I liked to go and watch the sunset at my local park, was a seaside area in Karachi. （用适当的词填空） 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我喜欢去当地的公园看日落，那是卡拉奇的一个海滨地区。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词 local park，在从句作主语，指物，故填which。 25．（24-25高三上·全国·课后作业）The games in the young men competed were difficult. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：年轻人参加的比赛很困难。空处引导定语从句，先行词是the games，指物，关系词在定语从句中作介词in的宾语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。 26．（24-25高三上·全国·课后作业）The students benefiting most from college are those are totally engaged (参与) in academic life. 【答案】who/that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：从大学中获益最多的学生是那些完全投入学术生活的学生。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词those，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，应用who/that引导从句，故填who或that。 27．（24-25高三上·全国·课后作业）They were well trained by their masters had great experience with caring for these animals. 【答案】who 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：它们被它们的主人训练地很好，它们的主人在照顾这些动物方面很有经验。________ had great experience with caring for these animals.是一个定语从句，先行词为masters（主人），且从句缺主语，指人，故填who。 28．（24-25高三上·全国·课后作业）Now Irene Astbury works from 9 am to 5 pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield, she opened with her late husband Les. 【答案】which 【详解】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：现在，Irene Astbury每天从早上9点到下午5点在她和已故丈夫Les一起开的马格斯菲德的宠物店工作。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the pet shop，指物，关系词在非限制性定语从句中作opened的宾语，应用which。故填which。 29．（2025高三·全国·专题练习）This conclusion was drawn from a study (involving players of a mobile game about sea, tests 3-D navigation skills. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这一结论来自一项研究，研究对象是一款关于海洋的手机游戏的玩家，该游戏测试的是3D导航技能。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词game，在从句作主语，指物，故填which。 30．（24-25高三上·全国·课后作业）There’s enough space at Shanghai to receive this huge shipment, most of consists of coal, steel and machinery. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：上海有足够的空间来接收这批庞大的货物，其中大部分是煤炭、钢铁和机械。在非限制性定语从句中缺少介词of后的宾语，且先行词为shipment，所以应用关系代词which。故填which。 31．（2025高三·全国·专题练习）Milo especially liked going to the railway station near their home during rush hour, ________ commuting (通勤) was challenging for most people. （用适当的词填空） 【答案】when 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：Milo尤其喜欢在上下班高峰期去家附近的火车站，那时上下班对大多数人来说都是一种挑战。本空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是rush hour，关系词代替先行词在从句中作时间状语，应用关系副词when引导。故填when。 32．（2025高三·全国·专题练习）Zhao Chuang is a science artist working in Beijing, job bridges science and art by painting and sculpturing ancient extinct species. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：赵闯是一名在北京工作的科学艺术家，他的工作是通过绘画和雕塑古代灭绝物种来连接科学和艺术。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为a science artist，作从句中job的定语，表示所属关系，用关系代词whose引导从句。故填whose。 33．（2025高三·全国·专题练习）In the ten provinces and three territories make up Canada, there is great diversity in geography. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】which/that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：在组成加拿大的十个省和三个地区，地理上存在很大的差异。空处引导定语从句，先行词为the ten provinces and three territories，指物，且空处在从句中作主语，所以应用which或that引导。故填which/that。 34．（24-25高三上·全国·周测） is often the case, anything is possible for those who hang on to hope. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】As 【详解】考查as引导的非限制性定语从句。句意：通常情况下，对于那些坚持希望的人来说，一切皆有可能。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语，指代的先行词为后面整个句子，用关系代词as引导。句首单词首字母大写。故填As。 35．（2025高三下·全国·专题练习）We move in Time the same way we move in the other three dimensions. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意：我们在时间中移动的方式和我们在其他三维空间中移动的方式是一样的。该空需要一个连接词引导定语从句，修饰先行词way，并指代先行词way在从句中作方式状语，应填that或in which，该空填一个词为最佳。故填that。 36．（18-19高一上·黑龙江哈尔滨·期中）It was April 29, 2011 Prince William and Kate Middleton walked into the palace hall of the wedding ceremony. 【答案】when 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：2011年4月29日，威廉王子和凯特·米德尔顿走进婚礼大厅。去掉It was及设空处后，April 29, 2011不可以单独作时间状语，所以该句不是强调句；该空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是April 29, 2011，关系词替代先行词在从句中作时间状语，用关系副词when。故填when。 37．（2025高三上·全国·专题练习）Researchers say technology may have solved a mystery about markings at Jerusalem’s Church of the Holy Sepulchre. The special markings are thousands of crosses carved into the walls of the church, which is one of Christianity’s holiest places. As one of the world’s Christian religious centers, it is thought that the markings were graffiti created by religious travelers, most of visited the church in the past. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】whom 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：研究人员表示，技术可能已经解开了耶路撒冷圣墓教堂标记的谜团。教堂是基督教最神圣的地方之一，教堂的墙壁上雕刻着数千个十字架。作为世界上的基督教宗教中心之一，人们认为这些标记是由宗教旅行者涂鸦的，他们中的大多数人过去都去过教堂。空格处是“介词+whom/which”引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词travelers是人，因此空格处用关系代词whom，故填whom。 38．（2025高三上·全国·专题练习）Pablo Picasso is one of the most famous artists in the world, full name is really a long one, in fact a mixture of many names. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：Pablo Picasso是世界上最著名的艺术家之一，他的全名很长，实际上是许多名字的混合体。空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句，先行词artists和full name之间是所属关系，因此空格处用表所属的关系代词whose引导定语从句，故填whose。 39．（2025高三上·全国·专题练习）His reply to “Can we Chinese possibly make missiles?” was a determined “Why not? We Chinese are able to make the same things other people make.” (用适当的词填空) 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他对于“我们中国人可能制造导弹吗”的回答是坚决的“为什么不呢？我们中国人也能做别人做的东西。”空格处引导的是限制性定语从句，从句中缺少宾语，先行词things被the same修饰，结合句意，空格处用关系代词that引导定语从句。故填that。 40．（24-25高三上·全国·课后作业）This is an exciting moment for us, our astronauts successfully landed on Mars. （用适当的词填空） 【答案】when 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：当我们的宇航员成功登陆火星时，这对我们来说是一个激动人心的时刻。本空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是 an exciting moment，关系词代替先行词在从句中作时间状语，应用关系副词when引导。故填when。 二、名校精选语法填空 1.（2024·山东威海·一模） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A new performance in Dunhuang, Northwest China’s Gansu province, revives the musical and dance scenes 41 (describe) in the murals of the Mogao Caves and 42 (offer) an immersive experience for the audience 43 (touch) the charm of the UNESCO World Heritage site. Ancient Sound of Dunhuang is based on research into the ancient musical instruments and music scores featured either on the murals 44 in ancient manuscripts of the Library Cave, or Cave 17 of the Mogao Caves. With the use of technology, it tells the story of an ancient young man’s 45 (pursue) of a musical career and involves instruments like the five-stringed pipa, panpipe and lotus flower-shaped ruan, as well as various dances, such as huxuan, which 46 (originate) in Central Asia and were popular in the Tang Dynasty(618-907). By following the footsteps of 47 young man, who was staying at Dunhuang to seek musical inspiration from the profound mural art, the audience walk through, stand or sit while 48 (explore) the immersive performance spaces. The venue is part of a homonymous (同名的) cultural tourism industry complex 49 combines immersive performing arts as well as cultural and 50 (create) products to promote the tourist economy. 【答案】 41．described 42．offers 43．to touch 44．or 45．pursuit 46．originated 47．the 48．exploring 49．that/which 50．creative 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了《敦煌妙音》重现了莫高窟壁画中的音乐和舞蹈场景，为观众提供了一种身临其境的体验，让他们感受到联合国教科文组织世界遗产的魅力。 41．考查非谓语动词。句意：在中国西北部甘肃省的敦煌，一场新的演出重现了莫高窟壁画中的音乐和舞蹈场景，为观众提供了一种身临其境的体验，让他们感受到联合国教科文组织世界遗产的魅力。此处describe与scenes构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填described。 42．考查时态。句意：在中国西北部甘肃省的敦煌，一场新的演出重现了莫高窟壁画中的音乐和舞蹈场景，为观众提供了一种身临其境的体验，让他们感受到联合国教科文组织世界遗产的魅力。此处作并列谓语，结合上文revives，可知为一般现在时，谓语用三单形式。故填offers。 43．考查非谓语动词。句意：在中国西北部甘肃省的敦煌，一场新的演出重现了莫高窟壁画中的音乐和舞蹈场景，为观众提供了一种身临其境的体验，让他们感受到联合国教科文组织世界遗产的魅力。此处touch在句中作目的状语，用不定式。故填to touch。 44．考查连词。句意：《敦煌妙音》是对图书馆洞或莫高窟第17窟壁画或古代手稿中的古代乐器和乐谱的研究。句型either…or…表示“要么……要么”。故填or。 45．考查名词。句意：它利用科技手段，讲述了一个古代年轻人追求音乐事业的故事，涉及到五弦琴、排箫和花边阮等乐器，以及各种舞蹈，如起源于中亚的胡旋，流行于唐朝（618—907）。根据上文名词所有格man’s可知，应填名词pursuit，故填pursuit。 46．考查时态。句意：它利用科技手段，讲述了一个古代年轻人追求音乐事业的故事，涉及到五弦琴、排箫和花边阮等乐器，以及各种舞蹈，如起源于中亚的胡旋，流行于唐朝（618—907）。根据后文were可知，为一般过去时。故填originated。 47．考查冠词。句意：跟随这位留在敦煌，从深邃的壁画艺术中寻求音乐灵感的年轻人的脚步，观众在沉浸式的表演空间中行走、站立或坐着，探索。此处特指上文提到的an ancient young man，应用定冠词。故填the。 48．考查非谓语动词。句意：跟随这位留在敦煌，从深邃的壁画艺术中寻求音乐灵感的年轻人的脚步，观众在沉浸式的表演空间中行走、站立或坐着，探索。此处为状语从句的省略，从句省略主语和be动词，为主动关系，故用现在分词形式。故填exploring。 49．考查定语从句。句意：该场馆是同名文化旅游产业综合体的一部分，该综合体结合了沉浸式表演艺术和文化创意产品，以促进旅游经济。定语从句修饰先行词complex，在从句作主语，指物。故填that/which。 50．考查形容词。句意：该场馆是同名文化旅游产业综合体的一部分，该综合体结合了沉浸式表演艺术和文化创意产品，以促进旅游经济。修饰名词products，应用形容词creative。故填creative。 2.（24-25高三上·河北保定·期末） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China has successfully encircled the Taklimakan Desert, known as the “Sea of Death,” with a sand-blocking green belt stretching 3,046 km. 51 (complete) on Thursday, Nov. 28, the project involved planting various trees, bushes, and other vegetation in Yutian County at the desert’s southern edge. This massive initiative took 40 years to complete the first 2,761 kilometers of the green belt. The final 285 kilometers required 52 army of 600,000 people to plant desert-tolerant species such as red willow and sacsaoul (梭梭). Alongside the green belt, efforts have been made 53 (promote) the development of sand industries to benefit local residents. Tuhti Rahman, director of the Xinjiang regional forestry and grassland bureau, said that the belt functioned 54 an ecological barrier and would guarantee the stability of agricultural production, improve the urban living environment and promote Xinjiang’s economic and social development. And China will further 55 (strength) the green belt. The Taklimakan Desert control project is a part of China’s Three-North Shelterbelt Forest Program (TSFP), 56 was launched in 1978 and is scheduled to be completed by2050. Over the past 46 years, the forest coverage rate of the TSFP-covering areas 57 (rise) from 5.05% to 13.84%. This project is a big step forward in fighting desertification 58 (global). It sets an example for similar projects in other dry areas, like Africa or the Middle East. Growing useful plants and 59 (improve) transportation in the area also show how this approach can benefit local economies and inspire 60 (solution) worldwide. 【答案】 51．Completed 52．an 53．to promote 54．as 55．strengthen 56．which 57．has risen 58．globally 59．improving 60．solutions 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国成功围绕塔克拉玛干沙漠建立了一条长达3, 046公里的防沙绿色屏障，以及这项工程对当地的经济和生态的积极影响。 51．考查非谓语动词。句意：在11月28日星期四完成后，这个项目涉及在沙漠南缘的于田县种植各种树木、灌木和其他植被。分析句子结构可知，句子已有谓语动词为involved，此处需要非谓语动词，the project与complete为被动关系，用过去分词作状语，表示被动和完成。首字母大写。故填Completed。 52．考查冠词。句意：最后的285公里需要一支60万人的队伍去种植耐沙植物，比如红柳和梭梭。这里指“一支队伍”，表示泛指，用不定冠词，army是以元音音素开头的单词，所以用an。故填an。 53．考查非谓语动词。句意：与绿带一起，还有促进沙产业发展的努力，以惠及当地居民。此处为make efforts to do sth意为“努力做某事”，所以此处使用动词不定式形式。故填to promote。 54．考查介词。句意：新疆地区林业和草原局局长图赫提·拉赫曼表示，该带具有生态屏障的功能，将保证农业生产的稳定，改善城市生活环境，促进新疆的经济和社会发展。此处为固定短语function as意为“起……作用”。故填as。 55．考查动词。句意：中国将进一步加强绿带建设。will后需用动词原形，故填strengthen。 56．考查定语从句。句意：塔克拉玛干沙漠控制工程是中国“三北”防护林工程的一部分，该工程于1978年启动，计划于2050年完成。分析句子结构可知，先行词为China’s Three-North Shelterbelt Forest Program (TSFP)，关系词在从句中作主语，指物，用关系代词which引导定语从句。故填which。 57．考查现在完成时态。句意：在过去的46年里，覆盖地区的森林覆盖率从5.05%上升到了13.84%。根据句意，由于时间段为“过去的46年”，所以需用现在完成时态，主语为the forest coverage rate，谓语需用单数。故填has risen。 58．考查副词。句意：这个项目在全球范围内抗击沙漠化方面是向前迈出的一大步。修饰动词用副词，globally意为“全球地”。故填globally。 59．考查非谓语动词。句意：在该地区种植有用的植物和改善交通也展示了这种方法如何惠及地方经济，并激励全球的解决方案。此处与growing并列，是非谓语动词做主语，通常用动名词形式。故填improving。 60．考查名词复数。句意：同上。根据空前置于inspire后的此处为名词，solution为可数名词，前面没有冠词或数量词，应填复数形式作宾语。故填solutions。 3.（2024·浙江·二模） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 For most of us, popcorn is synonymous (同义的) with movie theaters. We go to the movies, buy a popcorn, and enjoy the show 61 even thinking twice about it. But, why? Why do we always eat popcorn at the movies? One reason for popcorn’s increasing 62 (popular) was its mobility: in 1885, the first steam-powered popcorn maker hit the streets, invented by Charles Cretor. The mobile nature of the machine made 63 the perfect production machine to serve customers 64 (attend) outdoor sporting events, or circuses and 65 (fair). Not only was popcorn mobile, but it could be mass-produced without a kitchen, an advantage 66 another crunchy snack — the potato chip — lacked. Another reason for its dominance over other snacks was its appealing smell when 67 (heat). But it wasn’t super fancy to movie theatres at first as they didn’t allow such a loud and messy food into their performances. 68 relationship between popcorn and the movies was really set in stone during World War II. Things like chocolate and sugar were limited during the war while salt and popcorn kernels were never limited. So the country’s favorite go-to-movie snack was even 69 (available) and popular. Ever since, popcorn and movies 70 (continue) to be as iconic as any duo (二重奏) out there. 【答案】 61．without 62．popularity 63．it 64．attending 65．fairs 66．that/which 67．heated 68．The 69．more available 70．have continued 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了爆米花总是和看电影联系在一起的原因。 61．考查介词。句意：我们去看电影，买个爆米花，不假思索地欣赏电影。根据前文“For most of us, popcorn is synonymous (同义的) with movie theaters.(对我们大多数人来说，爆米花就是电影院的代名词)”可知，此处是指不假思索地欣赏电影，所以应用介词without表示“没有”。故填without。 62．考查名词。句意：爆米花越来越受欢迎的一个原因是它的移动性：1885年，查尔斯·克雷特发明了第一台蒸汽动力爆米花机。此处作宾语，应用名词popularity表示“受欢迎”。故填popularity。 63．考查代词。句意：机器的移动特性使其成为完美的生产机器，为参加户外体育赛事或马戏团和博览会的客户服务。根据“the perfect production machine”可知，此处是指使这种机器成为完美的生产机器，代指the machine应用代词it。故填it。 64．考查现在分词。句意：机器的移动特性使其成为完美的生产机器，为参加户外体育赛事或马戏团和博览会的客户服务。动词attend意为“参加”，和谓语之间没有连词，和逻辑主语customers构成主动关系，所以应用现在分词形式作后置定语。故填attending。 65．考查名词复数。句意：机器的移动特性使其成为完美的生产机器，为参加户外体育赛事或马戏团和博览会的客户服务。fair意为“博览会”，为可数名词，根据“outdoor sporting events, or circuses”可知，此处应用复数形式。故填fairs。 66．考查定语从句。句意：爆米花不仅可以移动，而且可以在没有厨房的情况下批量生产，这是另一种脆脆的零食——薯片——所缺乏的优势。在定语从句中缺少宾语，且先行词为advantage，所以应用关系代词which或that。故填which/that。 67．考查过去分词。句意：它在其他零食中占据主导地位的另一个原因是它在加热时散发出诱人的气味。动词heat意为“加热”，和逻辑主语“爆米花”构成被动关系，所以应用过去分词形式作状语。故填heated。 68．考查冠词。句意：爆米花和电影之间的关系在第二次世界大战期间确实是板上钉钉的。根据“between popcorn and the movies”可知，此处特指爆米花和电影之间的关系，所以应用定冠词the。句首首字母应大写。故填The。 69．考查比较级。句意：因此，这个国家最受欢迎的电影小吃变得更容易买到，也更受欢迎。在even后形容词available应用比较级。根据前文“Things like chocolate and sugar were limited during the war while salt and popcorn kernels were never limited.(像巧克力和糖这样的东西在战争期间是限制的，而盐和爆米花仁则从来没有限制过。)”可知，此处是指更容易买到。故填more available。 70．考查现在完成时。句意：从那以后，爆米花和电影就像任何一对搭档一样，一直是标志性的。根据ever since可知，此处应用现在完成时，主语popcorn and movies是复数，助动词用have。故填have continued。 4.（24-25高三上·重庆·阶段练习） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 Two researchers who helped lay the foundations for modern artificial intelligence have been awarded the 2024 Nobel prize in physics. Inspired by the workings of the brain, professor John Hopfield and Geoffrey Hinton built artificial neural (神经的) networks that store and retrieve memories like the human brain, and learn from information 71 (feed) into them. Hinton, 76, often referred to as “the godfather of AI”, made headlines last year 72 he quit Google and warned about the dangers of machines outsmarting humans. The scientists’ pioneering work demonstrated 73 computer programs that draw on neural networks and statistics could form the basis for an entire field, which paved the way for swift and accurate language translation, facial 74 (recognize) systems, and the generative AI. Hopfield, 91, 75 (honour) for building “an associative memory that can store and reconstruct images and other types of patterns in data”, while Hinton invented a method that can “independently discover properties in data”, 76 important feature of the large artificial neural networks 77 use today. Having technology 78 (smart) than humans would be “wonderful in many respects”, Hinton said, leading to 79 (substance) improvements in healthcare, better digital assistants, and productivity. “But we also have to worry about a number of possible bad 80 (consequence), particularly the threat of these things getting out of control,” he added. 【答案】 71．fed 72．when 73．that 74．recognition 75．was honoured 76．an 77．in 78．smarter 79．substantial 80．consequences 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道，文章主要介绍两位为现代人工智能奠定基础的研究人员John Hopfield和Geoffrey Hinton被授予2024年诺贝尔物理学奖。 71．考查非谓语动词。句意：受大脑运作的启发，John Hopfield教授和Geoffrey Hinton建立了人工神经网络，可以像人脑一样存储和检索记忆，并从输入的信息中学习。feed和information之间是动宾关系，使用过去分词作后置定语，故填fed。 72．考查定语从句。句意：现年76岁的Hinton常被称为“人工智能教父”，去年他退出谷歌，并警告说机器比人类更聪明的危险，这使他成为头条新闻。空处引导定语从句，先行词是last year，关系词在从句中作时间状语，使用关系副词when引导，故填when。 73．考查宾语从句。句意：这些科学家们的开创性工作表明，利用神经网络和统计数据的计算机程序可以构成整个领域的基础，为快速准确的语言翻译、面部识别系统和生成式人工智能铺平了道路。空处引导宾语从句，从句结构、意义完整，使用连接词that引导，故填that。 74．考查名词。句意：同上。此处使用名词recognition作定语，修饰名词systems，故填recognition。 75．考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：91岁的Hopfield因建立了“一种可以存储和重建数据中图像和其他类型模式的联想记忆”而获奖，而Hinton则发明了一种可以“独立发现数据属性”的方法，这是当今使用的大型人工神经网络的一个重要特征。honour和主语Hopfield之间是被动关系，且句子是描述过去发生的事情，使用一般过去时的被动语态，主语表示单数意义，故填was honoured。 76．考查冠词。句意：同上。feature是可数名词单数，表示泛指，使用不定冠词修饰，且important是以元音音素开头，故填an。 77．考查介词。句意：同上。in use“在使用中”，故填in。 78．考查形容词比较级。句意：Hinton说，拥有比人类更聪明的技术“在很多方面都很棒”，这将带来医疗保健、更好的数字助理和生产力的大幅改善。根据than可知此处使用形容词比较级，故填smarter。 79．考查形容词。句意：同上。空处修饰名词improvements，应用形容词作定语，故填substantial。 80．考查名词复数。句意：他说：“但是我们也必须担心一些可能的不良后果，特别是这些事情失去控制的威胁。”consequence是可数名词，由a number of可知应用名词复数形式，故填consequences。 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 1 / 15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题08 定语从句 ———————————————————————————————————————————— 一、单句语法填空 1．（24-25高三上·福建·期末）In a world where nearly 800 million people a year go hungry, “food waste goes against the moral grain,” Elizabeth Royte writes in this month’s cover story. 2．（23-24高三上·江苏南通·期末）As we explore the world in greater depth, we may reach a point it is impossible to run an experimental scenario in the real world due to physical, ethical or financial limitations. 3．（24-25高三上·全国·课后作业）In today’s competitive economy everyone is trying to do more with less, you’ve got to figure out a way to profit from the very beginning． 4．（23-24高三上·福建·期末）Children should be encouraged to get involved in community activities they can gain experience for growth. 5．（24-25高三上·全国·课后作业）The rescue workers brought tents and lamps to the shelters the victims were staying. 6．（24-25高三上·全国·课后作业）Is there a bookstore around I can buy an English- Chinese dictionary? 7．（24-25高三上·全国·课后作业）The rescue workers brought tents and lamps to the shelters the victims were staying. 8．（24-25高三上·全国·课后作业）A whirlpool is a small area in the sea the water is moving quickly around and objects floating near it are pulled into its centre. 9．（24-25高三·广东广州·考试）“It’s called a longevity tree in Qiandongnan, implication of hope matches China’s boosting space industry.” she said. 10．（24-25高三上·广东佛山·阶段练习）Even though Tu Youyou is not interested in fame, she has become a scientist work is internationally renowned. 11．（24-25高三上·全国·课后作业）Nina recently finished her year-long series of runs in Chicago, thousands were attending a water conference. 12．（24-25高三上·全国·课后作业）Some live in remote parts of South America, way of life is in danger of disappearing. 13．（24-25高三上·全国·课后作业）When you sleep, your brain sorts through everything happened during the day, trying to link new experiences to old memories. 14．（24-25高三上·全国·课后作业）He experimented with different styles of painting, but was most famous for his work in Cubism, which often uses acute angles and the world is represented as being constructed of cubes and rectangles. 15．（2025高三·全国·专题练习）It’s the only Thai restaurant ranks among the top 10 of the world’s 50 best restaurants list. 16．（2025高三·全国·专题练习）Their recovery has been so successful that the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service has twice attempted to de-list grizzlies, would loosen legal protections and allow them to be hunted. 17．（2025高三·全国·专题练习）Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all was left was pure water. 18．（2025高三·全国·专题练习）Nevertheless, it contains lots of ideas beyond the passage of time, some of are still relevant today. 19．（2025高三·全国·专题练习）For the past year, all the leftover food waste from the school has gone into composting containers rather than a landfill it would be buried and would produce planet-warming gases. 20．（2025高三·全国·专题练习）Sitting in Quanzhou City, the ancient Maritime Silk Road started, it has sold like hotcakes at home and abroad since the Song Dynasty. 21．（2025高三·全国·专题练习）Many of the chemicals in fireworks are also persistent in the environment, means they stubbornly sit there instead of breaking down. 22．（2025高三·全国·专题练习）Rankings, however, are only one reason a low value is placed on teaching in higher education. 23．（2025高三·全国·专题练习）Even though Britain has a reputation for less-than-impressive cuisine, it is producing more top class chefs who appear frequently on our television screens and recipe books frequently top the best seller lists. 24．（2025高三上·宁夏内蒙古·专题练习）I liked to go and watch the sunset at my local park, was a seaside area in Karachi. 25．（24-25高三上·全国·课后作业）The games in the young men competed were difficult. 26．（24-25高三上·全国·课后作业）The students benefiting most from college are those are totally engaged (参与) in academic life. 27．（24-25高三上·全国·课后作业）They were well trained by their masters had great experience with caring for these animals. 28．（24-25高三上·全国·课后作业）Now Irene Astbury works from 9 am to 5 pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield, she opened with her late husband Les. 29．（2025高三·全国·专题练习）This conclusion was drawn from a study (involving players of a mobile game about sea, tests 3-D navigation skills. 30．（24-25高三上·全国·课后作业）There’s enough space at Shanghai to receive this huge shipment, most of consists of coal, steel and machinery. 31．（2025高三·全国·专题练习）Milo especially liked going to the railway station near their home during rush hour, ________ commuting (通勤) was challenging for most people. 32．（2025高三·全国·专题练习）Zhao Chuang is a science artist working in Beijing, job bridges science and art by painting and sculpturing ancient extinct species. 33．（2025高三·全国·专题练习）In the ten provinces and three territories make up Canada, there is great diversity in geography. 34．（24-25高三上·全国·周测） is often the case, anything is possible for those who hang on to hope. 35．（2025高三下·全国·专题练习）We move in Time the same way we move in the other three dimensions. 36．（18-19高一上·黑龙江哈尔滨·期中）It was April 29, 2011 Prince William and Kate Middleton walked into the palace hall of the wedding ceremony. 37．（2025高三上·全国·专题练习）Researchers say technology may have solved a mystery about markings at Jerusalem’s Church of the Holy Sepulchre. The special markings are thousands of crosses carved into the walls of the church, which is one of Christianity’s holiest places. As one of the world’s Christian religious centers, it is thought that the markings were graffiti created by religious travelers, most of visited the church in the past. 38．（2025高三上·全国·专题练习）Pablo Picasso is one of the most famous artists in the world, full name is really a long one, in fact a mixture of many names. 39．（2025高三上·全国·专题练习）His reply to “Can we Chinese possibly make missiles?” was a determined “Why not? We Chinese are able to make the same things other people make.” 40．（24-25高三上·全国·课后作业）This is an exciting moment for us, our astronauts successfully landed on Mars. 二、名校精选语法填空 1.（2024·山东威海·一模） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A new performance in Dunhuang, Northwest China’s Gansu province, revives the musical and dance scenes 41 (describe) in the murals of the Mogao Caves and 42 (offer) an immersive experience for the audience 43 (touch) the charm of the UNESCO World Heritage site. Ancient Sound of Dunhuang is based on research into the ancient musical instruments and music scores featured either on the murals 44 in ancient manuscripts of the Library Cave, or Cave 17 of the Mogao Caves. With the use of technology, it tells the story of an ancient young man’s 45 (pursue) of a musical career and involves instruments like the five-stringed pipa, panpipe and lotus flower-shaped ruan, as well as various dances, such as huxuan, which 46 (originate) in Central Asia and were popular in the Tang Dynasty(618-907). By following the footsteps of 47 young man, who was staying at Dunhuang to seek musical inspiration from the profound mural art, the audience walk through, stand or sit while 48 (explore) the immersive performance spaces. The venue is part of a homonymous (同名的) cultural tourism industry complex 49 combines immersive performing arts as well as cultural and 50 (create) products to promote the tourist economy. 2.（24-25高三上·河北保定·期末） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China has successfully encircled the Taklimakan Desert, known as the “Sea of Death,” with a sand-blocking green belt stretching 3,046 km. 51 (complete) on Thursday, Nov. 28, the project involved planting various trees, bushes, and other vegetation in Yutian County at the desert’s southern edge. This massive initiative took 40 years to complete the first 2,761 kilometers of the green belt. The final 285 kilometers required 52 army of 600,000 people to plant desert-tolerant species such as red willow and sacsaoul (梭梭). Alongside the green belt, efforts have been made 53 (promote) the development of sand industries to benefit local residents. Tuhti Rahman, director of the Xinjiang regional forestry and grassland bureau, said that the belt functioned 54 an ecological barrier and would guarantee the stability of agricultural production, improve the urban living environment and promote Xinjiang’s economic and social development. And China will further 55 (strength) the green belt. The Taklimakan Desert control project is a part of China’s Three-North Shelterbelt Forest Program (TSFP), 56 was launched in 1978 and is scheduled to be completed by2050. Over the past 46 years, the forest coverage rate of the TSFP-covering areas 57 (rise) from 5.05% to 13.84%. This project is a big step forward in fighting desertification 58 (global). It sets an example for similar projects in other dry areas, like Africa or the Middle East. Growing useful plants and 59 (improve) transportation in the area also show how this approach can benefit local economies and inspire 60 (solution) worldwide. 3.（2024·浙江·二模） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 For most of us, popcorn is synonymous (同义的) with movie theaters. We go to the movies, buy a popcorn, and enjoy the show 61 even thinking twice about it. But, why? Why do we always eat popcorn at the movies? One reason for popcorn’s increasing 62 (popular) was its mobility: in 1885, the first steam-powered popcorn maker hit the streets, invented by Charles Cretor. The mobile nature of the machine made 63 the perfect production machine to serve customers 64 (attend) outdoor sporting events, or circuses and 65 (fair). Not only was popcorn mobile, but it could be mass-produced without a kitchen, an advantage 66 another crunchy snack — the potato chip — lacked. Another reason for its dominance over other snacks was its appealing smell when 67 (heat). But it wasn’t super fancy to movie theatres at first as they didn’t allow such a loud and messy food into their performances. 68 relationship between popcorn and the movies was really set in stone during World War II. Things like chocolate and sugar were limited during the war while salt and popcorn kernels were never limited. So the country’s favorite go-to-movie snack was even 69 (available) and popular. Ever since, popcorn and movies 70 (continue) to be as iconic as any duo (二重奏) out there. 4.（24-25高三上·重庆·阶段练习） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 Two researchers who helped lay the foundations for modern artificial intelligence have been awarded the 2024 Nobel prize in physics. Inspired by the workings of the brain, professor John Hopfield and Geoffrey Hinton built artificial neural (神经的) networks that store and retrieve memories like the human brain, and learn from information 71 (feed) into them. Hinton, 76, often referred to as “the godfather of AI”, made headlines last year 72 he quit Google and warned about the dangers of machines outsmarting humans. The scientists’ pioneering work demonstrated 73 computer programs that draw on neural networks and statistics could form the basis for an entire field, which paved the way for swift and accurate language translation, facial 74 (recognize) systems, and the generative AI. Hopfield, 91, 75 (honour) for building “an associative memory that can store and reconstruct images and other types of patterns in data”, while Hinton invented a method that can “independently discover properties in data”, 76 important feature of the large artificial neural networks 77 use today. Having technology 78 (smart) than humans would be “wonderful in many respects”, Hinton said, leading to 79 (substance) improvements in healthcare, better digital assistants, and productivity. “But we also have to worry about a number of possible bad 80 (consequence), particularly the threat of these things getting out of control,” he added. 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 1 / 15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$