UNIT 3 The world of science 单元检测卷(word练习)-【勤径学升】2024-2025学年高中英语必修第三册同步练测（外研版2019）

[对应素能提升训练第76页] (本卷满分120分　考试用时90分钟) 第一部分　阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节　(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A (邢台高一期末)Some Famous People With Surprising Achievements Hedy Lamarr—Wi-Fi Austrian-born film star Hedy Lamarr was a box-office hit during the Hollywood Golden Age in the late 1930s and early 1940s.During World War II, she worked on a torpedo guidance system which forms the basis of today's Bluetooth and Wi-Fi communications.Patented (获得专利权) in 1942 together with composer George Anthiel, their “frequency hopping” device was used during the war.Surprisingly, neither Lamarr nor Anthiel profited from their invention during their lifetimes. Uri Geller—Radiation Shield (辐射防护屏) As an Israeli-British magician, Uri Geller is best-known for using “mind power” to bend spoons on live TV.However, a lesser-known achievement is his invention of a radiation shield to protect cell phone users from the radiation.Patented in 1998, the shield covers the device completely to protect users from the harmful effects of radiation from cell phones and other handheld devices. Jamie Lee Curtis—Baby Diaper (尿布) Jamie Lee Curtis was a screen legend.She has featured in many movies during her career.With a busy acting schedule, it's quite surprising that she found time to turn her hand to invention.Curtis actually patented a baby diaper during 1980s, aiming at improving the traditional diaper design. Gary Burghoff—Fishing Equipment American actor Gary Burghoff is best-known for his role in the 1970s' TV series M*A*S*H.Burghoff also has a gift for inventing things.He holds two patents for “Chum Magic”，a fishing device that draws fish toward the boat, as well as a fishing pole. [语篇导读]　这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四位名人和他们的发明。 1.When did Uri Geller get the patent on his invention? A.In 1930. B.In 1940. C.In 1970. D.In 1998. 解析　细节理解题。根据Uri Geller—Radiation Shield(辐射防护屏)中最后一句“Patented in 1998, the shield covers the device completely to protect users from the harmful effects of radiation from cell phones and other handheld devices.”可知，Uri Geller于1998年为他的发明辐射防护屏申请了专利。故选D。 答案　D 2.What do Hedy Lamarr and Jamie Lee Curtis have in common? A.They are actresses. B.They are magicians. C.They were born in Austria. D.They got their patents in 1980. 解析　细节理解题。根据Hedy Lamarr—Wi-Fi中前两句“Austrian-born film star Hedy Lamarr was a box-office hit… she worked on a torpedo guidance system which forms the basis of today's Bluetooth and Wi-Fi communications.”和Jamie Lee Curtis—Baby Diaper(尿布)中前两句“Jamie Lee Curtis was a screen legend.She has featured in many movies during her career.”可知，Hedy Lamarr 和Jamie Lee Curtis 都是女演员。故选A。 答案　A 3.Whose patent is related to fishing? A.Hedy Lamarr's. B.Uri Geller's. C.Jamie Lee Curti's. D.Gary Burghoff's. 解析　细节理解题。根据Gary Burghoff—Fishing Equipment中最后一句“He holds two patents for ‘Chum Magic’，a fishing device that draws fish toward the boat, as well as a fishing pole.”可知，Gary Burghoff的发明专利和捕鱼有关。故选D。 答案　D B (新课标Ⅱ卷)Given the astonishing potential of AI to transform our lives, we all need to take action to deal with our AI-powered future, and this is where AI by Design: A Plan for Living with Artificial Intelligence comes in. This absorbing new book by Catriona Campbell is a practical roadmap addressing the challenges posed by the forthcoming AI revolution(变革). In the wrong hands, such a book could prove as complicated to process as the computer code(代码)that powers AI but, thankfully, Campbell has more than two decades' professional experience translating the heady into the understandable. She writes from the practical angle of a business person rather than as an academic, making for a guide which is highly accessible and informative and which, by the close, will make you feel almost as smart as AI. As we soon come to learn from AI by Design, AI is already super-smart and will become more capable, moving from the current generation of “narrow-AI” to Artificial General Intelligence. From there, Campbell says, will come Artificial Dominant Intelligence. This is why Campbell has set out to raise awareness of AI and its future now—several decades before these developments are expected to take place. She says it is essential that we keep control of artificial intelligence, or risk being sidelined and perhaps even worse. Campbell's point is to wake up those responsible for AI—the technology companies and world leaders—so they are on the same page as all the experts currently developing it. She explains we are at a “tipping point” in history and must act now to prevent an extinction-level event for humanity. We need to consider how we want our future with AI to pan out. Such structured thinking, followed by global regulation, will enable us to achieve greatness rather than our downfall. AI will affect us all, and if you only read one book on the subject, this is it. [语篇导读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Catriona Campbell所著AI by Design: A Plan for Living with Artificial Intelligence一书。该书作为应对AI革命挑战的实用指南，以商业视角阐述AI发展现状与前景，强调控制AI的重要性，呼吁各界协同确保人工智能安全发展，以防潜在危机。 4.What does the phrase “In the wrong hands” in paragraph 2 probably mean? A.If read by someone poorly educated. B.If reviewed by someone ill-intentioned. C.If written by someone less competent. D.If translated by someone unacademic. 解析　词句猜测题。根据第二段“such a book could prove as complicated to process as the computer code(代码)that powers AI but, thankfully, Campbell has more than two decades' professional experience translating the heady into the understandable. She writes from the practical angle of a business person rather than as an academic, making for a guide which is highly accessible and informative and which, by the close, will make you feel almost as smart as AI.(这样一本书可能会像驱动人工智能的计算机代码一样复杂，但值得庆幸的是，坎贝尔有20多年的专业经验，可以将令人兴奋的内容转化为可理解的内容。她从商业人士的实际角度而不是学者的角度出发，撰写了一本非常通俗易懂、内容丰富的指南，读完后会让你觉得自己几乎和人工智能一样聪明。)”可知，坎贝尔撰写的这本书是通俗易懂的，如果别人写这本书的话可能就不是这样了。故选C。 答案　C 5.What is a feature of AI by Design according to the text? A.It is packed with complex codes. B.It adopts a down-to-earth writing style. C.It provides step-by-step instructions. D.It is intended for AI professionals. 解析　推理判断题。根据第二段“thankfully, Campbell has more than two decades' professional experience translating the heady into the understandable. She writes from the practical angle of a business person rather than as an academic, making for a guide which is highly accessible and informative and which, by the close, will make you feel almost as smart as AI.”可知，坎贝尔在书中将令人兴奋的内容转化为可理解的内容，这本书的特点是通俗易懂，推测它采用了接地气的写作风格。故选B。 答案　B 6.What does Campbell urge people to do regarding AI development? A.Observe existing regulations on it. B.Reconsider expert opinions about it. C.Make joint efforts to keep it under control. D.Learn from prior experience to slow it down. 解析　细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“She says it is essential that we keep control of artificial intelligence, or risk being sidelined and perhaps even worse.(她说，我们必须保持对人工智能的控制，否则就有被边缘化甚至更糟的风险。)”和倒数第二段“We need to consider how we want our future with AI to pan out. Such structured thinking, followed by global regulation, will enable us to achieve greatness rather than our downfall.(我们需要考虑我们希望人工智能的未来如何发展。这种结构化的思维，加上全球监管，将使我们走向伟大，而不是走向衰败。)”可知，坎贝尔敦促人们保持对人工智能的控制，考虑人工智能的未来应如何发展，所以关于人工智能的发展，坎贝尔敦促人们共同努力将其控制住。故选C。 答案　C 7.What is the author's purpose in writing the text? A.To recommend a book on AI. B.To give a brief account of AI history. C.To clarify the definition of AI. D.To honor an outstanding AI expert. 解析　写作意图题。根据第一段“Given the astonishing potential of AI to transform our lives, we all need to take action to deal with our AI-powered future, and this is where AI by Design: A Plan for Living with Artificial Intelligence comes in. This absorbing new book by Catriona Campbell is a practical roadmap addressing the challenges posed by the forthcoming AI revolution(变革).(考虑到人工智能改变我们生活的惊人潜力，我们都需要采取行动来应对人工智能驱动的未来，这正是AI by Design: A Plan for Living with Artificial Intelligence的用武之地。卡特里奥娜·坎贝尔撰写的这本引人入胜的新书是一本实用的路线图，旨在应对即将到来的人工智能革命带来的挑战。)”和最后一段“AI will affect us all, and if you only read one book on the subject, this is it.(人工智能将影响我们所有人，如果你只读一本关于这个主题的书，那就是这本书。)”可知，本文主要介绍了Catriona Campbell所著AI by Design: A Plan for Living with Artificial Intelligence一书，所以作者写这篇文章的目的是推荐一本关于人工智能的书。故选A。 答案　A C (江西高一期末)People tend to use trees for paper making. But maybe electronics(电子)engineers are missing out on something here. “It turns out that two major building blocks of wood have a lot of electrical qualities，” says Magnus Berggren, a professor at Linköping University. His team has been working to make parts for electronics from the forest. Right now, they're focusing on two materials of trees. The first material is cellulose, which can make energy. Lignin, the second material, can store that energy, just as a battery does. The team has found when pressed, cellulose can produce electricity. Some device must then store the electricity until it's needed. Batteries can do this. But batteries aren't very green. They have harmful materials. That's where lignin comes in. Batteries cause electrons to flow from one place to another, which can produce electricity. In a typical battery, one material must give electrons. The other must accept them. Lignin can do both. A weak acid(酸)encourages lignin to produce electrons. “With a metal wire(金属线)to guide those electrons, you'll have electricity，” says Berggren. Berggren's team use this quality to create its new lignin-based battery. Typical batteries use a metal wire as a path to guide the flow of electrons into or out of the device. But since Berggren wants to make a battery of the forest, he looks for a natural way. Once again, he turns to cellulose. This natural material can serve as a wire-like path for electrons. To make it work well, Berggren lines them with another chemical known as PEDOT, which isn't from a tree. But when PEDOT is added to cellulose, they can conduct electricity like a wire. “With a weak acid, now you have a battery，” Berggren says. “And two of its three materials come from the forest.” Berggren can imagine one day having mobile phone batteries made largely from forest products. Tree-based electronics might also be useful in lighting. [语篇导读]　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了利用森林产品制作电子产品的科技新闻，介绍了研究人员利用木材中的纤维素和木质素，开发出新的基于木质素的电池，并探讨了这种电池的原理和未来应用前景。 8.What is cellulose used to do in the study? A.Act as a weak acid. B.Collect rainwater. C.Produce electricity. D.Make quality paper. 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段“The first material is cellulose, which can make energy. Lignin, the second material, can store that energy, just as a battery does. The team has found when pressed, cellulose can produce electricity.(第一种材料是纤维素，它可以制造能量。第二种材料木质素可以像电池一样储存能量。研究小组发现，当被挤压时，纤维素可以发电。)”可知，纤维素可以用来发电。故选C。 答案　C 9.Which best describes the new battery? A.Well-received. B.Eco-friendly. C.Harmful. D.Heavy. 解析　推理判断题。根据第五段“Berggren's team use this quality to create its new lignin-based battery. Typical batteries use a metal wire as a path to guide the flow of electrons into or out of the device. But since Berggren wants to make a battery of the forest, he looks for a natural way. Once again, he turns to cellulose.(Berggren的团队利用这种品质创造了新的木质素基电池。典型的电池使用金属线作为引导电子流入或流出设备的路径。但既然Berggren想要用森林做电池，他就寻找一种自然的方式。他再一次转向纤维素。)”可知，Berggren的团队所创造的新的电池是环保的。故选B。 答案　B 10.What can we expect of tree-based electronics? A.They may change farming practices. B.They might save a lot of wood. C.They would serve the elderly. D.They could light the rooms. 解析　细节理解题。根据最后一段“Tree-based electronics might also be useful in lighting.(基于树木的电子设备可能在照明方面也很有用。)”可知，利用木质纤维素产生的电能可用于照明。故选D。 答案　D 11.Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A.A Green Way to Make and Store Energy B.An Attempt to Raise Power Production C.Practical Suggestions on Planting Trees D.Recent Advances in Mobile Phones 解析　主旨大意题。根据第二段“His team has been working to make parts for electronics from the forest. Right now, they're focusing on two materials of trees. The first material is cellulose, which can make energy. Lignin, the second material, can store that energy, just as a battery does. The team has found when pressed, cellulose can produce electricity.”以及第三段“Some device must then store the electricity until it's needed. Batteries can do this. But batteries aren't very green. They have harmful materials. That's where lignin comes in.(一些设备必须储存电能，以备不时之需。电池可以做到这一点。但是电池并不是很环保。他们有有害物质。这就是木质素的用武之地。)”再结合全文内容可知，文章主要讲述了利用森林产品制作电子产品，尤其是利用木质素制作电池，这种电池既环保又可持续，因此A选项“A Green Way to Make and Store Energy(一种制造和储存能源的绿色方式)”最符合文章主旨，是最佳标题。故选A。 答案　A D (浙江1月卷)The Stanford marshmallow(棉花糖)test was originally conducted by psychologist Walter Mischel in the late 1960s. Children aged four to six at a nursery school were placed in a room. A single sugary treat, selected by the child, was placed on a table. Each child was told if they waited for 15 minutes before eating the treat, they would be given a second treat. Then they were left alone in the room. Follow-up studies with the children later in life showed a connection between an ability to wait long enough to obtain a second treat and various forms of success. As adults we face a version of the marshmallow test every day. We're not tempted(诱惑)by sugary treats, but by our computers, phones, and tablets—all the devices that connect us to the global delivery system for various types of information that do to us what marshmallows do to preschoolers. We are tempted by sugary treats because our ancestors lived in a calorie-poor world, and our brains developed a response mechanism to these treats that reflected their value—a feeling of reward and satisfaction. But as we've reshaped the world around us, dramatically reducing the cost and effort involved in obtaining calories, we still have the same brains we had thousands of years ago, and this mismatch is at the heart of why so many of us struggle to resist tempting foods that we know we shouldn't eat. A similar process is at work in our response to information. Our formative environment as a species was information-poor, so our brains developed a mechanism that prized new information. But global connectivity has greatly changed our information environment. We are now ceaselessly bombarded(轰炸)with new information. Therefore, just as we need to be more thoughtful about our caloric consumption, we also need to be more thoughtful about our information consumption, resisting the temptation of the mental “junk food” in order to manage our time most effectively. [语篇导读]　这是一篇说明文。在信息化时代我们作为成年人每天都在面对棉花糖测试，信息轰炸让我们摄入了太多精神“垃圾食品”。 12.What did the children need to do to get a second treat in Mischel's test? A.Take an examination alone. B.Show respect for the researchers. C.Share their treats with others. D.Delay eating for fifteen minutes. 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段“Each child was told if they waited for 15 minutes before eating the treat, they would be given a second treat.(每个孩子都被告知，如果他们在吃之前等待15分钟，他们将得到第二次奖励。)”可知，在测试中，孩子们需要在吃之前等待15分钟才能得到第二次奖励。故选D。 答案　D 13.According to paragraph 3, there is a mismatch between . A.the calorie-poor world and our good appetites B.the shortage of sugar and our nutritional needs C.the rich food supply and our unchanged brains D.the tempting foods and our efforts to keep fit 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段“But as we've reshaped the world around us, dramatically reducing the cost and effort involved in obtaining calories, we still have the same brains we had thousands of years ago, and this mismatch is at the heart of why so many of us struggle to resist tempting foods that we know we shouldn't eat.(但是，当我们重塑了我们周围的世界，大大减少了获取卡路里的成本和努力时，我们的大脑仍然和几千年前一样，这种不匹配是我们这么多人努力抵抗我们知道不应该吃的诱人食物的核心原因。)”可知，丰富的食物供应和我们不曾改变的大脑之间存在不匹配。故选C。 答案　C 14.What does the author suggest readers do? A.Absorb new information readily. B.Be selective information consumers. C.Use diverse information sources. D.Protect the information environment. 解析　细节理解题。根据最后一段“Therefore, just as we need to be more thoughtful about our caloric consumption, we also need to be more thoughtful about our information consumption, resisting the temptation of the mental ‘junk food’ in order to manage our time most effectively.(因此，就像我们需要更仔细地考虑我们的热量消耗一样，我们也需要更仔细地考虑我们的信息消耗，抵制精神“垃圾食品”的诱惑，以便最有效地管理我们的时间。)”可知，作者建议读者做选择性信息消费者。故选B。 答案　B 15.Which of the following is the best title for the text? A.Eat Less, Read More B.The Bitter Truth about Early Humans C.The Later, the Better D.The Marshmallow Test for Grownups 解析　标题归纳题。根据第二段“As adults we face a version of the marshmallow test every day. We're not tempted(诱惑)by sugary treats, but by our computers, phones, and tablets—all the devices that connect us to the global delivery system for various types of information that do to us what marshmallows do to preschoolers.(作为成年人，我们每天都要面对棉花糖测试。诱惑我们的不是甜食，而是我们的电脑、手机和平板电脑——所有这些将我们与全球信息传递系统连接起来的设备，它们对我们的作用就像棉花糖对学龄前儿童的作用一样。)”结合文章主要内容可知，D选项“成人棉花糖测试”最符合文章标题。故选D。 答案　D 第二节　(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Modern robots are important to space exploration and are being used in different way for several important reasons. 16 Aside from the earth, just about every surface in the solar system is unsafe for humans to explore.The air on most other planets is thin for humans, making it necessary to wear a space suit and oxygen equipment.The temperatures on these surfaces are much too hot or much too cold for any humans.Plus, there would be radiation, bad weather, and a lack of gravity. 17 They can survive much longer under these conditions. Robots are designed for collecting scientific data. 18 Important scientific projects from detecting minerals, analyzing ground samples, to finding water are all performed much quicker and accurately by robots. The use of robots has made the cost of space exploration much less expensive than it would cost for humans to do the work.In order to successfully send humans into space, we would need to build a vehicle that can not only carry humans, but also enough food and water to keep them alive for the duration of the trip.Moreover, robots have no problems working for hours on end. 19 Robots don't require food or water and they never need a bathroom break. Over the past 30 years or so, there have been many different types of robots used successfully in the exploration of space. 20 They have both been successful with experiments on soil and rocks and have even found evidence of water in Mars' history. A.Robots never complain. B.Robots make great explorers. C.This is because it is moving around the earth. D.Robots have much less limitation in these areas. E.Perhaps the most famous are Spirit and Opportunity. F.They can process information much more efficiently. G.There are some robots which are used to put the satellite back. [语篇导读]　这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了现代机器人对于空间探索的几个重要的原因。 16.解析　根据上文“Modern robots are important to space exploration and are being used in different way for several important reasons.”可知，接下来谈论的内容为现代机器人对于空间探索的几个重要的原因。下文 “Aside from the earth, just about every surface in the solar system is unsafe for humans to explore.”可知，地球之外的其他星球对人类来说都是不安全的。因而此处论说的内容为机器人可以探索地球之外的其他星球，即机器人是伟大的探险家。故选B。 答案　B 17.解析　根据上文“The temperatures on these surfaces are much too hot or much too cold for any humans.Plus, there would be radiation, bad weather, and a lack of gravity.”下文 “They can survive much longer under these conditions.”可知地球之外的其他星球上的环境条件恶劣，可机器人在这种情况下能活得更久，所以空白处的内容为机器人在这些地方的受限条件小。故选D。 答案　D 18.解析　根据下文“Important scientific projects from detecting minerals, analyzing ground samples, to finding water are all performed much quicker and accurately by robots.”可知，机器人对数据的处理既快速且准确。所以空白处的内容是机器人处理信息的能力更高效。故选F。 答案　F 19.解析　根据上文“Moreover, robots have no problems working for hours on end.”下文“Robots don't require food or water and they never need a bathroom break.”可知，机器人的工作是持续的，同时它们对食物、水等人类必需的东西是不需要的，这是使用机器人工作的优点。因而空白处的内容应该也是讲述机器人的优点。选项A“Robots never complain.”符合题意，故选A。 答案　A 20.解析　根据上文“Over the past 30 years or so, there have been many different types of robots used successfully in the exploration of space.”下文“They have both been successful with experiments on soil and rocks and have even found evidence of water in Mars' history.” both此处指“两个机器人”，所以空白处应该是举例说明成功探索太空的两个机器人。选项E“Perhaps the most famous are Spirit and Opportunity.”符合题意，故选E。 答案　E 第二部分　语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节　(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 (江苏盐城五校联盟高一期末)Earlier this month, I bought a new smart phone. I didn't 21 it much at first, only to get a call from my daughter. Soon, however, I found it 22 to surf the Internet on the smart phone than my large computer. Even with my 23 time I quickly found myself spending more and more of it on this phone. Yesterday when I was 24 short videos on TikTok, suddenly a long and white nose 25 its way between me and my phone. 26 ，I put the phone down, took my glasses off and petted my dog. Soon we were hugging, and romping(嬉闹)around in the house. And I 27 something too. There was a feeling in my heart: a wonderful mixture of love, laughter, and 28 . It was a 29 that I hadn't gotten once during all that time I had spent on my phone. It's strange how it took a dog to 30 me of what is important. I 31 to spend less time on my phone and more time doing the 32 things in life like hugging my children, talking to my friends and even playing with my dog. 33 is here to stay. But we shouldn't let it control us or our 34 . We should use it only when it 35 us to do the important things like loving each other or making this world better. [语篇导读]　本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己买了新的智能手机后，发现自己不知不觉中上瘾了。狗的介入提醒了作者，让作者意识到：不应该让科技控制我们，而应该让科技帮助我们使生活更美好。 21.A.desire B.like C.use D.care 解析　考查动词辨析。句意：一开始我没怎么用，只是接我女儿的电话。A.desire(渴望)；B.like(喜欢)；C.use(用)；D.care(关心)。结合前文“I bought a new smart phone”及“only to get a call from my daughter”可知，作者买了一部新的智能手机，开始时没有太多地使用它。故选C 答案　C 22.A.cheaper B.easier C.safer D.slower 解析　考查形容词辨析。句意：然而很快，我发现用智能手机上网比用我的大型电脑更容易。A.cheaper(更便宜的)；B.easier(更容易的)；C.safer(更安全的)；D.slower(更慢的)。结合下文“ I quickly found myself spending more and more of it on this phone.”可知，作者花在玩手机的时间越来越多，使用智能手机比用电脑更容易。故选B。 答案　B 23.A.limited B.special C.free D.waiting 解析　考查形容词辨析。句意：尽管时间有限，我很快发现自己在这部手机上花费的时间越来越多。A.limited(有限的)；B.special(特别的)；C.free(自由的)；D.waiting(等待的)。结合“even”及“I quickly found myself spending more and more of it on this phone”可知，作者对手机已经上瘾，所以此处表示即使时间很有限。故选A。 答案　A 24.A.taking down B.pointing at C.speaking of D.checking out 解析　考查动词短语辨析。句意：昨天当我在 TikTok上查看短视频时，突然一个又长又白的鼻子挡在我和手机之间。A.taking down(写下)；B.pointing at(指向)；C.speaking of(谈到)；D.checking out(浏览)。结合“short videos on TikTok”可知，作者用手机在TikTok上浏览视频。故选D。 答案　D 25.A.pushed B.felt C.lost D.followed 解析　考查动词辨析。句意：昨天当我在 TikTok 上查看短视频时，突然一个又长又白的鼻子挡在我和手机之间。A.pushed(推)；B.felt(感觉)；C.lost(失去)；D.followed(跟随)。结合下文“I put the phone down, took my glasses off and petted my dog.”可知，在作者浏览视频时，狗挤到了中间。push one's way“挤过来”。故选A。 答案　A 26.A.Shaking B.Laughing C.Running D.Clapping 解析　考查动词辨析。句意：我笑着放下电话，摘下眼镜，抚摸着我的狗。A.Shaking(摇晃)；B.Laughing(笑)；C.Running(跑)；D.Clapping(鼓掌)。结合前文“Yesterday when I was 24 short videos on TikTok, suddenly a long and white nose”及下文“Soon we were hugging, and romping”可知，狗狗凑过来看作者浏览视频，作者应该是笑着把手机放下。故选B。 答案　B 27.A.proved B.revised C.noticed D.changed 解析　考查动词辨析。句意：我也注意到了一些事。A.proved(证明)；B.revised(复习)；C.noticed(注意)；D.changed(改变)。结合上文狗凑过来看作者浏览视频及下文“There was a feeling in my heart: a wonderful mixture of love, laughter”可知，作者注意到了爱和欢笑。故选C。 答案　C 28.A.respect B.patience C.trust D.joy 解析　考查名词辨析。句意：我的心中有一种感觉：爱、欢笑和喜悦的完美结合。A.respect(尊重)；B.patience(耐心)；C.trust(信赖)；D.joy(喜悦)。结合前文“Soon we were hugging, and romping(嬉闹)around in the house.”可知，作者和狗狗之间的嬉笑让人感到喜悦。故选D。 答案　D 29.A.feeling B.fantasy C.solution D.response 解析　考查名词辨析。句意：这是一种我在手机上度过的所有时间里从未有过的感觉。A.feeling(情感)；B.fantasy(幻想)；C.solution(解决方法)；D.response(回应)。结合上文“Soon we were hugging, and romping(嬉闹)around in the house.”及“a wonderful mixture of love, laughter”可知，狗狗的介入让作者意识到了爱、欢笑和喜悦，这种情感在用手机时从没有出现过。故选A。 答案　A 30.A.cure B.remind C.clear D.warn 解析　考查动词辨析。句意：真奇怪，一只狗怎么能提醒我什么才是重要的。A.cure(治愈)；B.remind(提醒)；C.clear(清理)；D.warn(警告)。结合上文“Soon we were hugging, and romping(嬉闹)around in the house.”及“a wonderful mixture of love, laughter”可知，狗狗的介入让作者意识到了爱、欢笑和乐趣，提醒了作者什么重要。故选B。 答案　B 31.A.hesitated B.happened C.promised D.refused 解析　考查动词辨析。句意：我承诺少花点时间在手机上，多花点时间做生活中重要的事情，比如拥抱孩子、和朋友聊天，甚至和我的狗玩耍。A.hesitated(犹豫)；B.happened(发生)；C.promised(承诺)；D.refused(拒绝)。结合上文“It's strange how it took a dog to 30 me of what is important.”可知，狗狗的介入提醒作者知道什么重要，所以作者承诺在手机上少花点时间。故选C。 答案　C 32.A.regular B.normal C.important D.extreme 解析　考查形容词辨析。句意：我承诺少花点时间在手机上，多花点时间做生活中重要的事情，比如拥抱孩子、和朋友聊天，甚至和我的狗玩耍。A.regular(有规律的)；B.normal(普通的)；C.important(重要的)；D.extreme(极端的)。结合上文“It's strange how it took a dog to 30 me of what is important.”可知，作者承诺在手机上少花点时间，多花时间做重要的事。故选C。 答案　C 33.A.Communication B.Technology C.Friendship D.Inspiration 解析　考查名词辨析。句意：科技将永远存在。A.Communication(沟通)；B.Technology(科技)；C.Friendship(友谊)；D.Inspiration(启发)。结合前文提到作者买了智能手机并对它上瘾可知，此处指智能手机类似的科技。故选B。 答案　B 34.A.energy B.talent C.future D.time 解析　考查名词辨析。句意：但我们不应该让它控制我们或我们的时间。A.energy(精力)；B.talent(天赋)；C.future(未来)；D.time(时间)。结合上文“I quickly found myself spending more and more of it on this phone”可知，不应让手机控制我们的时间。故选D。 答案　D 35.A.expects B.invites C.requires D.helps 解析　考查动词辨析。句意：我们应该只在它帮助我们做重要的事情时才使用它，比如彼此相爱或者让这个世界变得更好。A.expects(期待)；B.invites(邀请)；C.requires(要求)；D.helps(帮助)。结合“to do the important things like loving each other or making this world better”可知，科技帮助我们做重要的事情。故选D。 答案　D 第二节　(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 (常州高一期末)Aeronautics(航空学)specialists from the University of South Australia spent months studying the dragonfly's flight, creating 3D models from digital images, to build a winged drone(无人机). Study leader Javaan Chahl believes that winged drones 36. (base)on the dragonfly's shape and movement will simply be 37. (flexible)and energy efficient, compared to the previous ones. Chahl's team used 38. special photography technique to classify the wing shapes of 75 different dragonfly species from museum collections. Their wings are long, light and hard. Plus, their long bodies give them excellent stability and balance, 39. (make)it possible for winged drones to deliver awkward loads 40. undertake long observation missions. Investigating the way that dragonflies remain stable during flight actually 41. (reveal) the techniques they use to get themselves out of tricky situations. Dragonflies are found to be able to perform upside-down backflips to regain balance and normal flight, when they find themselves upside down mid-air. This special skill can even 42. (perform)while dragonflies are unconscious, meaning it is a passive stability mechanism similar in concept 43. planes that are designed to glide to 44. (safe)with their engines turned off. Engineers are looking to copy dragonfly wings to create safer ones 45. can right themselves. [语篇导读]　这是一篇说明文。南澳大利亚大学的航空专家花了几个月的时间研究蜻蜓的飞行，从数字图像中创建3D模型，建造了一架有翼无人机。研究负责人Javaan Chahl认为，与之前的无人机相比，基于蜻蜓形状和运动的有翼无人机将更加灵活和节能。 36.解析　考查非谓语动词。句意：研究负责人Javaan Chahl认为，与之前的无人机相比，基于蜻蜓形状和运动的有翼无人机将更加灵活和节能。be based on意为“基于”，省略be动词，过去分词作定语。故填based。 答案　based 37.解析　考查形容词比较级。句意：研究负责人Javaan Chahl认为，与之前的无人机相比，基于蜻蜓形状和运动的有翼无人机将更加灵活和节能。根据后文compared to the previous ones可知，此处应用比较级，在前面加more。故填more flexible。 答案　more flexible 38.解析　考查冠词。句意：Chahl的团队使用了一种特殊的摄影技术，对博物馆收藏的75种不同蜻蜓的翅膀形状进行了分类。此处technique为泛指，且special是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。 答案　a 39.解析　考查非谓语动词。句意：此外，它们的长身体使它们具有出色的稳定性和平衡性，使有翼无人机能够运送笨拙的负载并执行长期观察任务。分析句子结构可知，此处make在句中作结果状语，应用现在分词。故填making。 答案　making 40.解析　考查连词。句意：此外，它们的长身体使它们具有出色的稳定性和平衡性，使有翼无人机能够运送笨拙的负载并执行长期观察任务。结合前后文语境可知为并列关系，应用连词and。故填and。 答案　and 41.解析　考查时态和主谓一致。句意：研究蜻蜓在飞行过程中保持稳定的方式，实际上揭示了它们用来摆脱棘手情况的技术。根据后文use可知为一般现在时，主语为动名词短语，谓语用单数形式。故填reveals。 答案　reveals 42.解析　考查语态。句意：这种特殊的技能甚至可以在蜻蜓无意识的情况下进行，这意味着它是一种被动的稳定机制，在概念上类似于飞机在关闭引擎的情况下滑翔到安全的地方。perform与主语This special skill之间为动宾关系，用被动语态，且前面有情态动词。故填be performed。 答案　be performed 43.解析　考查介词。句意：这种特殊的技能甚至可以在蜻蜓无意识的情况下进行，这意味着它是一种被动的稳定机制，在概念上类似于飞机在关闭引擎的情况下滑翔到安全的地方。similar to意为“类似于”。故填to。 答案　to 44.解析　考查名词。句意：这种特殊的技能甚至可以在蜻蜓无意识的情况下进行，这意味着它是一种被动的稳定机制，在概念上类似于飞机在关闭引擎的情况下滑翔到安全的地方。作宾语，应用名词safety, 不可数。故填safety。 答案　safety 45.解析　考查定语从句。句意：工程师们正试图复制蜻蜓的翅膀，以制造出更安全的、可以自我矫正的翅膀。分析句子结构可知，此处引导定语从句，修饰先行词ones, 在从句中作主语，指物。故填which/that。 答案　which/that 第三部分　写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节　(满分15分) 假如你是李华，请根据下列表格中的内容写一篇实验报告。 实验目的 查明铝(aluminium)在空气中加热后重量是否会发生变化 实验器材 铝片、本生灯(a Bunsen burner)、天平、坩埚(a crucible)、坩埚钳(tongs) 实验步骤 1.把铝片放在坩埚里，然后放在天平上称重； 2.点燃酒精灯，将盛有铝片的坩埚移到酒精灯上，加热三分钟； 3.再称坩埚和铝片的重量。 实验结果 比加热前略重些 实验结论 铝在空气中加热后，重量会发生变化 注意：写作词数应为80左右。 [参考范文] Today we carried out an experiment, whose aim was to find out if there is a change in weight after aluminium is heated.To carry out the experiment, we prepared the following equipment：pieces of aluminium, a Bunsen burner, a balance, a crucible and a pair of tongs. The stages were as follows.First, we put the pieces of aluminium in the crucible.Then we put the crucible on the balance and weighed it.Next, we lighted the Bunsen burner.After that, we held the crucible with aluminium in it over the Bunsen flame.Finally, we put the crucible with the aluminium in it on the balance and weighed it again.We found it weighed a little more than before. We drew a conclusion that there is a change in weight after aluminium is heated. 第二节　(满分25分) 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 When I was a kid, I came across a basic series of questions every time I was introduced to a person.Most were easy：“How old are you？” “What grade are you in？” “What do you want to be when you grow up？” But there was one question that troubled me：“What do your parents do？” Dad was a computer programmer, so that one was easy enough.“My dad works on computers, ” I would say.But mom's job was hard to explain.She called herself a “nurse practitioner”. Mom explained it easier to make me understand.“You can say I teach nursing，” she said.“My mom teaches nurses, ” I would repeat what she had said to me. When that answer led to even more questions, my response became simpler, “My mom is a nurse, ” though I was finally left wondering what it was she actually did.It definitely demanded a lot of time and energy and was important to the injured.I got my first clue about what mom actually did when having a late-night trip with her to the hospital in Central Phoenix. Mom was called in to make rounds unexpectedly that night.It was dark outside and almost time for me to go to bed, so I was shocked when she asked if I wanted to come along with her.I loved the way the light from the streetlamps passed through the car.Being amazed at the view from the front seat, I didn't say much.Some soft music was played on the radio in the car, which made me feel relaxed.When we arrived at the hospital, mom guided me through the parking garage and led me to a small emergency waiting room.There was only a row of white chairs along each wall and a TV which weighed roughly three hundred pounds. 注意：1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式作答。 Paragraph 1： My mom handed me a bag of chocolate and left the emergency room to make her rounds. Paragraph 2： On the drive home, I asked mom if she had seen a man whose arms were injured badly. [参考范文] Paragraph 1： My mom handed me a bag of chocolate and left the emergency room to make her rounds.There was nothing to do, so I started to observe the only other person in this waiting room.I went to him and said, “Hi, my name's Monica.What's yours？” He answered me and we talked a lot.I noticed that his arms were injured badly.Before long, he was taken to the treatment room.And I stayed there alone by myself until my mom came back. Paragraph 2： On the drive home, I asked mom if she had seen a man whose arms were injured badly.She gave me a positive response and told me that the man would be fine after an operation.I felt proud of her when I realized that my mom or one of her students would be there when the man woke up.And I realized mom was a real-life superhero, who devoted all her energy to her work in the hospital.She was a nurse practitioner—an educator and a caretaker.And what she did made a difference, which even a kid could see. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$