2024年中考英语阅读长难句专项练习

1. From these studies, researchers want to find out how many bears live in New Jersey, how long they live, and how many babies they produce. · 主语：researchers · 谓语：want to find out · 宾语：how many bears live in New Jersey, how long they live, and how many babies they produce 【新词】 · researcher 研究人员 · find out 查明 · bear 熊 【整句翻译】从这些研究中，研究人员想要查明有多少熊生活在新泽西州，它们能活多久，以及它们能产多少幼崽。 2. He chose the last day of April because the first day is April Fool's Day, which celebrates lies. · 主语：He · 谓语：chose · 宾语：the last day of April · 状语：because the first day is April Fool's Day, which celebrates lies 【新词】 · April Fool's Day 愚人节 · celebrate 庆祝 · lie 谎言 【整句翻译】他选择了四月的最后一天，因为第一天是愚人节，这个节日庆祝谎言。 3. Chris is a doctor from France who has travelled to many places to organize programs that help people. · 主语：Chris · 谓语：is · 宾语：a doctor from France · 定语：who has travelled to many places to organize programs that help people 【新词】 · travel 旅行 · organize 组织 · program 项目 【整句翻译】克里斯是一位来自法国的医生，他去过很多地方组织帮助人们的项目。 4. Generally, a smart city is a city that uses digital technologies such as the Internet to improve city planning, save money and resources, and make our life convenient. · 主语：a smart city · 谓语：is · 宾语：a city · 定语：that uses digital technologies such as the Internet to improve city planning, save money and resources, and make our life convenient · 状语：Generally 【新词】 · generally 通常 · smart 智能的 · digital 数字的 · improve 改善 · resource 资源 · convenient 方便的 【整句翻译】通常，智慧城市是一个使用互联网等数字技术来改善城市规划、节省资金和资源，并使我们的生活更加方便的城市。 222222222222222222222222222222222 4. For example, its city walls, which helped keep the city safe in the past, are hundreds of years old now and look almost the same as before. · **新词】hundreds of 数以百计的 almost 几乎 · **整句翻译】例如，它的城墙在过去帮助保护城市的安全，现在已经有数百年历史了，看起来几乎和以前一样。 句子成分分析： · For example：插入语，表示举例。 · its city walls：主语。 · which helped keep the city safe in the past：定语从句，修饰主语“its city walls”。 · are hundreds of years old now：谓语部分，说明主语的状态。 · and look almost the same as before：并列谓语部分，进一步说明主语的状态。 5. Imagine seeing an empty car passing by on its way to pick up its owner, or a car full of passengers who are reading, listening to music or even sleeping. · **新词】imagine 想象 pass by 经过 pick sb. up 接某人 · **整句翻译】想象一下，看到一辆空车在去接车主的路上经过，或者一辆满载乘客的车，乘客们在看书、听音乐甚至睡觉。 句子成分分析： · Imagine：谓语动词，表示“想象”。 · seeing an empty car passing by on its way to pick up its owner：动名词短语作宾语，描述想象的内容。 · or a car full of passengers who are reading, listening to music or even sleeping：并列宾语，进一步描述想象的内容。 6. The good way of getting out of the well is to stop crying, and not to let the dirt bury you, but to shake it off and take a step up. · **新词】get out of 从……出来 well 井 bury 埋葬 shake 摇动 take a step 迈步 · **整句翻译】从井里出来的最好方法是停止哭泣，不要让泥土埋葬你，而是要抖掉泥土并迈步向上。 句子成分分析： · The good way of getting out of the well：主语，表示“从井里出来的最好方法”。 · is：系动词，表示“是”。 · to stop crying, and not to let the dirt bury you, but to shake it off and take a step up：表语，描述主语的具体内容。 7. The story began in 2000, when Haixia, who was already blind in her right eye, lost her left one after an illness. · **新词】already 已经 blind 失明的 · **整句翻译】故事始于2000年，当时Haixia右眼已经失明，在一场疾病后失去了左眼。 句子成分分析： · The story：主语。 · began：谓语动词，表示“开始”。 · in 2000：时间状语，表示“在2000年”。 · when Haixia, who was already blind in her right eye, lost her left one after an illness：时间状语从句，描述故事开始的时间背景。 8. It may be hard to believe, but the American Revolution-- the war that freed the American states from British control -- began over a cup of tea. · **新词】revolution 革命 free 解放 · **整句翻译】这可能很难相信，但美国革命——这场解放美国各州脱离英国控制的战争——始于一杯茶。 句子成分分析： · It：形式主语。 · may be hard to believe：谓语部分，表示“可能很难相信”。 · but the American Revolution-- the war that freed the American states from British control -- began over a cup of tea：真正的主语，描述美国革命的开始。 3333333333333333333333 10. To protect the stamps, some people also put the stamps into a special room which has a machine to keep the air cool and dry. 新词： · stamp 邮票 · special 特别的 · protect 保护 整句翻译： 为了保护邮票，有些人还把邮票放进一个有机器保持空气凉爽干燥的特别房间里。 句子成分分析： · To protect the stamps：不定式短语作目的状语。 · some people：主语。 · also put the stamps into a special room：谓语动词短语。 · which has a machine to keep the air cool and dry：定语从句，修饰“a special room”。 11. Also when you write your goals in your own way, you are able to make yourself realize situations that will bring you nearer to your goals. 新词： · goal 目标 · realize 意识到 · situation 情况 整句翻译： 当你以自己的方式写下目标时，你能够让自己意识到那些能让你更接近目标的情况。 句子成分分析： · Also when you write your goals in your own way：时间状语从句。 · you：主句的主语。 · are able to make yourself realize situations：谓语动词短语。 · that will bring you nearer to your goals：定语从句，修饰“situations”。 12. Oil can be used in many ways and it’s difficult to imagine what the modern world will be like without oil. 新词： · oil 石油 · imagine 想象 · modern 现代的 整句翻译： 石油可以用在很多方面，很难想象没有石油的现代世界会是什么样子。 句子成分分析： · Oil can be used in many ways：简单句，主语是“Oil”，谓语是“can be used”，状语是“in many ways”。 · and it’s difficult to imagine what the modern world will be like without oil：并列句，主语是“it”，谓语是“is difficult”，宾语是“to imagine what the modern world will be like without oil”。 13. (I have always loved cars.) After graduating from college, I got one, which I regarded as my favorite friend. 新词： · graduate 毕业 · regard 认为 整句翻译： （我一直喜欢汽车。）大学毕业后，我买了一辆，我把它视为我最喜欢的朋友。 句子成分分析： · After graduating from college：时间状语。 · I：主语。 · got one：谓语动词短语。 · which I regarded as my favorite friend：定语从句，修饰“one”。 13. It was invented to help blind people to learn Braille, which is a special system for the blind to read by touching. 【新词】invent 发明；blind 盲的；Braille 盲文 【整句翻译】它被发明来帮助盲人学习盲文，这是一种专门为盲人设计的通过触摸来阅读的特殊系统。 句子成分分析： · 主语：It · 谓语：was invented · 目的状语：to help blind people to learn Braille · 定语从句：which is a special system for the blind to read by touching 14. For instance, we can share our positive attitude with those who are negative or upset. 【新词】for instance 例如；share 分享；positive 积极的；attitude 态度；negative 消极的；upset 心烦的 【整句翻译】例如，我们可以与那些消极或心烦的人分享我们的积极态度。 句子成分分析： · 插入语：For instance · 主语：we · 谓语：can share · 宾语：our positive attitude · 介词短语：with those who are negative or upset 15. The more grapes a person eats, the more good luck the person will have in the year. 【新词】grape 葡萄；luck 运气 【整句翻译】一个人吃的葡萄越多，这一年他就会有越多的好运。 句子成分分析： · 主句：The more grapes a person eats · 从句：the more good luck the person will have in the year · 比较级结构：The more... the more... 16. I never saw my father home from work late or ill, nor did I ever see my father take a “night out with the boys”. 【新词】nor 也不；night out 外出 【整句翻译】我从未见过我父亲下班回家很晚或生病，也从未见过他和朋友们外出。 句子成分分析： · 主句：I never saw my father home from work late or ill · 并列句：nor did I ever see my father take a “night out with the boys” · 否定词：never, nor 17. Though she is very successful, she says that she finds it harder every year to balance her business with her family life. 【整句翻译】尽管她非常成功，她说她发现每年越来越难以平衡事业和家庭生活。 句子成分分析： · 让步状语从句：Though she is very successful · 主句：she says that she finds it harder every year to balance her business with her family life · 宾语从句：that she finds it harder every year to balance her business with her family life 18. Suddenly it was announced that the “empty” land would be improved by a lot of houses on it. 【新词】 · suddenly: 突然地 · announce: 宣布 · improve: 改善 【整句翻译】 突然宣布，这片“空地”将通过在其上建造大量房屋来改善。 【句子成分分析】 · Suddenly: 副词，修饰整个句子，表示时间。 · it: 代词，形式主语。 · was announced: 被动语态的谓语动词，表示“被宣布”。 · that the “empty” land would be improved by a lot of houses on it: 从句，作真正主语。 4. the “empty” land: 名词短语，作从句的主语。 4. would be improved: 被动语态的谓语动词，表示“将被改善”。 4. by a lot of houses on it: 介词短语，表示方式。 20. Andrew wrote down clearly all the research he had done about the area, and how the houses would affect the local environment. 【新词】 · affect: 影响 · local: 当地的 · environment: 环境 【整句翻译】 安德鲁清楚地写下了他关于该地区所做的所有研究，以及房屋将如何影响当地环境。 【句子成分分析】 · Andrew: 名词，作主语。 · wrote down clearly: 谓语动词短语，表示“清楚地写下”。 · all the research he had done about the area: 名词短语，作宾语。 3. all the research: 名词短语，作宾语的核心。 3. he had done about the area: 定语从句，修饰“research”。 · and how the houses would affect the local environment: 并列句，表示“以及房屋将如何影响当地环境”。 4. how the houses would affect the local environment: 名词从句，作并列句的宾语。 21. In the end, the land remained a safe place for birds, animals and plants that belonged there. 【新词】 · remain: 保持 · belong: 属于 【整句翻译】 最终，这片土地仍然是鸟类、动物和植物的安全栖息地，它们属于那里。 【句子成分分析】 · In the end: 副词短语，表示时间。 · the land: 名词短语，作主语。 · remained: 谓语动词，表示“保持”。 · a safe place for birds, animals and plants that belonged there: 名词短语，作表语。 4. a safe place: 名词短语，作表语的核心。 4. for birds, animals and plants: 介词短语，表示对象。 4. that belonged there: 定语从句，修饰“birds, animals and plants”。 22. Now Jason still faces many hardships in life, but he will make you believe that you can do what he has done. 【新词】 · face: 面对 · hardship: 困难 【整句翻译】 现在杰森在生活中仍然面临许多困难，但他会让你相信你能做到他所做的事情。 【句子成分分析】 · Now: 副词，表示时间。 · Jason: 名词，作主语。 · still faces: 谓语动词短语，表示“仍然面临”。 · many hardships in life: 名词短语，作宾语。 4. many hardships: 名词短语，作宾语的核心。 4. in life: 介词短语，表示范围。 · but he will make you believe that you can do what he has done: 并列句，表示转折。 5. he: 名词，作主语。 5. will make: 谓语动词短语，表示“将使”。 5. you believe: 宾语补足语，表示“你相信”。 5. that you can do what he has done: 宾语从句，作“believe”的宾语。 · you can do: 谓语动词短语，表示“你能做”。 · what he has done: 名词从句，作“do”的宾语。 22. If foreigners visit a Chinese family, they would be surprised at the warmth that they would receive as guests. 【新词】warmth 温暖 guest 客人 【整句翻译】如果外国人拜访一个中国家庭，他们会惊讶于作为客人所受到的温暖。 句子成分分析： · If foreigners visit a Chinese family：条件状语从句，其中“foreigners”是主语，“visit”是谓语，“a Chinese family”是宾语。 · they would be surprised at the warmth that they would receive as guests：主句，其中“they”是主语，“would be surprised”是谓语，“at the warmth”是介词短语作状语，“that they would receive as guests”是定语从句修饰“warmth”。 23. Have you ever heard of e-waste (electric waste), which can be produced every day? 【新词】heard of 听说 e-waste 电子垃圾 produce 生产 【整句翻译】你听说过每天都会产生的电子垃圾吗？ 句子成分分析： · Have you ever heard of e-waste：主句，其中“you”是主语，“have heard of”是谓语，“e-waste”是宾语。 · which can be produced every day：定语从句修饰“e-waste”，其中“which”是关系代词，“can be produced”是谓语，“every day”是时间状语。 24. People should protect trees, or they will find that they have lost the best friends they had in the end. 【新词】protect 保护 lose 失去 【整句翻译】人们应该保护树木，否则他们最终会发现他们失去了最好的朋友。 句子成分分析： · People should protect trees：主句，其中“people”是主语，“should protect”是谓语，“trees”是宾语。 · or they will find that they have lost the best friends they had in the end：并列句，其中“they”是主语，“will find”是谓语，“that they have lost the best friends they had in the end”是宾语从句。 25. There is a folk song called “My Old Deskmate” which is sung widely among people of different ages. 【新词】folk 民间的 widely 广泛地 【整句翻译】有一首名为《我的老同学》的民歌，在不同年龄段的人群中被广泛传唱。 句子成分分析： · There is a folk song called “My Old Deskmate” ：主句，其中“a folk song called ‘My Old Deskmate’”是主语，“is”是谓语。 · which is sung widely among people of different ages：定语从句修饰“a folk song”，其中“which”是关系代词，“is sung”是谓语，“widely among people of different ages”是状语。 26. Every body like sitting in the prams which are pushed by their mothers along the road or in the park. 【新词】pram 婴儿车 push 推 【整句翻译】每个人都喜欢坐在母亲沿着道路或在公园里推的婴儿车里。 句子成分分析： · Every body like sitting in the prams：主句，其中“every body”是主语，“like”是谓语，“sitting in the prams”是宾语。 · which are pushed by their mothers along the road or in the park：定语从句修饰“prams”，其中“which”是关系代词，“are pushed”是谓语，“by their mothers along the road or in the park”是状语。 27. He traveled across the Australian desert where temperature reached 48℃ in the day and 0℃ at night. 新词翻译: desert: 沙漠 temperature: 温度 整句翻译: 他穿越了澳大利亚的沙漠，那里的温度白天达到48℃，夜晚则降至0℃。 句子成分分析: 主语: He 谓语: traveled 状语: across the Australian desert (地点状语), where temperature reached 48℃ in the day and 0℃ at night (定语从句，修饰desert) 28. It’s an interesting and exciting book which tells us what ordinary people can do with courage and determination! 新词翻译: ordinary: 普通的 courage: 勇气 determination: 决心 整句翻译: 这是一本有趣且令人兴奋的书，它告诉我们普通人凭借勇气和决心可以做些什么！ 句子成分分析: 主语: It 谓语: is 表语: an interesting and exciting book 定语从句: which tells us what ordinary people can do with courage and determination (修饰book) 30. She shared the places she stays and the food she eats on the Internet with tens of thousands of followers. 新词翻译: share: 分享 follower: 粉丝 整句翻译: 她在互联网上与成千上万的粉丝分享她停留的地方和她吃的食物。 句子成分分析: 主语: She 谓语: shared 宾语: the places she stays and the food she eats (复合宾语，包含两个并列的宾语从句) 状语: on the Internet (地点状语), with tens of thousands of followers (伴随状语) 31. Usually, boys score higher on tests about math, while girls do better in tests about words, spelling and memory. 新词翻译: score: 得分 memory: 记忆力 整句翻译: 通常，男孩在数学测试中得分更高，而女孩在单词、拼写和记忆力测试中表现更好。 句子成分分析: 状语: Usually (时间状语) 主句1: boys score higher on tests about math 主语: boys 谓语: score 宾语: higher (比较级作宾语) 状语: on tests about math (介词短语作状语) 连词: while (表示对比) 主句2: girls do better in tests about words, spelling and memory 主语: girls 谓语: do 宾语: better (比较级作宾语) 状语: in tests about words, spelling and memory (介词短语作状语) 32. Once a dish comes, instead of lifting our chopsticks, we take out our mobiles and 整句翻译: 一旦一道菜上桌，我们不是拿起筷子，而是拿出手机并且... 句子成分分析: 状语: Once a dish comes (时间状语从句) 主句: instead of lifting our chopsticks, we take out our mobiles and ... 主语: we 谓语: take out 宾语: our mobiles 状语: instead of lifting our chopsticks (介词短语作状语) 希望这些解释对你有帮助！如果有任何进一步的问题，请随时告诉我。 32. And he waited quietly for his turn, instead of pushing the others aside, showing that he was modest. 新词： push... aside 推开 modest 谦虚的 整句翻译： 他静静地等待着轮到他，而不是把其他人推开，表现出他的谦虚。 句子成分分析： 主语 (Subject): he 谓语 (Predicate): waited 状语 (Adverbial): quietly, for his turn, instead of pushing the others aside, showing that he was modest 33. When he wrote his name, I noticed that his fingernails were clean, instead of having some untidy personal habits. 新词： notice 注意到 fingernail 指甲 untidy 不整洁的 整句翻译： 当他写名字时，我注意到他的指甲是干净的，而不是有一些不整洁的个人习惯。 句子成分分析： 主句主语 (Main Clause Subject): I 主句谓语 (Main Clause Predicate): noticed 宾语从句 (Object Clause): that his fingernails were clean, instead of having some untidy personal habits 时间状语从句 (Adverbial Clause of Time): When he wrote his name 34. All the citizens who were born before May 8, 2006 are encouraged to register. 新词： citizen 公民 encourage 鼓励 register 登记 整句翻译： 所有在2006年5月8日之前出生的公民都被鼓励登记。 句子成分分析： 主语 (Subject): All the citizens who were born before May 8, 2006 谓语 (Predicate): are encouraged 不定式短语 (Infinitive Phrase): to register 35. The answer of course is the huge influence that technology has had on our life. 新词： huge 巨大的 influence 影响 整句翻译： 当然，答案是技术对我们生活产生的巨大影响。 句子成分分析： 主语 (Subject): The answer 谓语 (Predicate): is 表语 (Predicative): the huge influence that technology has had on our life 36. These activities will give you a chance to communicate with people who share 整句翻译： 这些活动将给你一个与有共同点的人交流的机会。 句子成分分析： 主语 (Subject): These activities 谓语 (Predicate): will give 间接宾语 (Indirect Object): you 直接宾语 (Direct Object): a chance to communicate with people who share 37. A boy name James Watt sat quietly by the fire, watching the lid of the kettle move up and down. 【新词】lid 盖子 kettle 壶 【整句翻译】一个名叫詹姆斯·瓦特的男孩静静地坐在火炉旁，看着壶盖上下移动。 句子成分分析： 主语 (Subject): A boy name James Watt 谓语 (Predicate): sat 状语 (Adverbial): quietly, by the fire 伴随状语 (Adverbial of Accompaniment): watching the lid of the kettle move up and down 38. Pepper is used at home or store, where we enjoy pleasure and entertainment. 【新词】pepper 胡椒 entertainment 娱乐 【整句翻译】胡椒在家里或商店里使用，我们在那里享受乐趣和娱乐。 句子成分分析： 主语 (Subject): Pepper 谓语 (Predicate): is used 状语 (Adverbial): at home or store 定语从句 (Attributive Clause): where we enjoy pleasure and entertainment 40. I would like a room where we can go and relax and play computer games and chat with friends. 【新词】relax 放松 chat 聊天 【整句翻译】我想要一个我们可以去放松、玩电脑游戏和与朋友聊天的房间。 句子成分分析： 主语 (Subject): I 谓语 (Predicate): would like 宾语 (Object): a room 定语从句 (Attributive Clause): where we can go and relax and play computer games and chat with friends 41. I would also like to have a music room where we can just go and play instruments when we want. 【新词】play instruments 演奏乐器 【整句翻译】我还想要一个音乐室，我们可以随时去演奏乐器。 句子成分分析： 主语 (Subject): I 谓语 (Predicate): would also like to have 宾语 (Object): a music room 定语从句 (Attributive Clause): where we can just go and play instruments when we want 41. One autumn, he promised to help our neighbor, who lost his arms in a traffic accident in 1999, to harvest his rice. 【新词】promise 承诺 harvest 收割 【整句翻译】一个秋天，他承诺帮助我们的邻居收割水稻，这位邻居在1999年的交通事故中失去了双臂。 句子成分分析： One autumn：时间状语，表示时间。 he：主语，指代“他”。 promised：谓语动词，表示“承诺”。 to help our neighbor：动词不定式短语作宾语，表示“帮助我们的邻居”。 who lost his arms in a traffic accident in 1999：定语从句，修饰“neighbor”，描述邻居的情况。 to harvest his rice：动词不定式短语作目的状语，表示“收割他的水稻”。 42. So it’s important for everybody to understand that you can always find a university that gives you a great education. 【新词】university 大学 【整句翻译】因此，对每个人来说，理解你可以总是找到一所能给你提供优质教育的大学是很重要的。 句子成分分析： So：连词，表示因果关系。 it：形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式短语。 is important：谓语部分，表示“是重要的”。 for everybody：介词短语，表示“对每个人来说”。 to understand：动词不定式短语，作真正主语，表示“理解”。 that you can always find a university：宾语从句，作“understand”的宾语，表示“你可以总是找到一所大学”。 that gives you a great education：定语从句，修饰“university”，表示“能给你提供优质教育的”。 43. This means that your money will go to local people, rather than to a large international company. 【新词】local 当地的 rather than 而不是 international 国际的 【整句翻译】这意味着你的钱将流向当地人民，而不是流向一家大型国际公司。 句子成分分析： This：主语，指代“这”。 means：谓语动词，表示“意味着”。 that your money will go to local people：宾语从句，表示“你的钱将流向当地人民”。 rather than：连词，表示“而不是”。 to a large international company：介词短语，表示“流向一家大型国际公司”。 44. The sea is a good place to grow plants because underwater temperature remain stable, changing little from day to night. 【新词】underwater 水下的 stable 稳定的 【整句翻译】海洋是一个种植植物的好地方，因为水下温度保持稳定，从白天到夜晚变化不大。 句子成分分析： The sea：主语，指代“海洋”。 is：谓语动词，表示“是”。 a good place：表语，表示“一个好地方”。 to grow plants：动词不定式短语，作定语，修饰“place”，表示“种植植物的”。 because underwater temperature remain stable：原因状语从句，表示“因为水下温度保持稳定”。 changing little from day to night：现在分词短语，作伴随状语，表示“从白天到夜晚变化不大”。 45. Suddenly she stopped before a store, inside which were all kinds of dolls. 【新词】suddenly 突然地 doll 玩偶 【整句翻译】突然，她在一家商店前停了下来，商店里有各种各样的玩偶。 句子成分分析： Suddenly：副词，表示“突然地”。 she：主语，指代“她”。 stopped：谓语动词，表示“停下来”。 before a store：介词短语，表示“在一家商店前”。 inside which were all kinds of dolls：定语从句，修饰“store”，表示“商店里有各种各样的玩偶”。其中，“inside which”是介词短语作关系代词，引导定语从句。 46. Most people hope to have a memory which helps them succeed in study, work and life. 【新词】memory 记忆 succeed 成功 【整句翻译】大多数人希望拥有帮助他们在学习、工作和生活中取得成功的记忆。 句子成分分析： Most people (主语) hope (谓语) to have a memory which helps them succeed in study, work and life (宾语从句) a memory (宾语从句的主语) which helps them succeed in study, work and life (定语从句，修饰memory) which (关系代词) helps (谓语) them (宾语) succeed in study, work and life (宾语补足语) 47. Human brains are like muscles that need nutrients and exercise to become stronger. 【新词】brain 大脑 muscle 肌肉 nutrient 营养 【整句翻译】人类的大脑就像肌肉一样，需要营养和锻炼才能变得更强。 句子成分分析： Human brains (主语) are (系动词) like muscles that need nutrients and exercise to become stronger (表语) like muscles (介词短语，作表语) that need nutrients and exercise to become stronger (定语从句，修饰muscles) that (关系代词) need (谓语) nutrients and exercise (宾语) to become stronger (不定式短语，作宾语补足语) 48. Eating more food rich in B vitamins and Vitamin E, such as vegetables and lean meat, helps you have a better memory. 【新词】rich in 富含 vitamin 维生素 lean meat 瘦肉 【整句翻译】吃更多富含B族维生素和维生素E的食物，如蔬菜和瘦肉，有助于你拥有更好的记忆力。 句子成分分析： Eating more food rich in B vitamins and Vitamin E, such as vegetables and lean meat (动名词短语，作主语) Eating (动名词) more food (宾语) rich in B vitamins and Vitamin E (形容词短语，作定语) such as vegetables and lean meat (介词短语，作插入语) helps (谓语) you (宾语) have a better memory (宾语补足语) 50. In the waters, you can meet all kinds of colorful fish and many other living things that you can’t name. 【新词】colorful 五颜六色的 living things 生物 name 命名 【整句翻译】在水中，你可以遇到各种五颜六色的鱼和许多其他你叫不出名字的生物。 句子成分分析： In the waters (介词短语，作状语) you (主语) can meet (谓语) all kinds of colorful fish and many other living things that you can’t name (宾语) all kinds of colorful fish and many other living things (并列名词短语) that you can’t name (定语从句，修饰living things) that (关系代词) you (主语) can’t name (谓语) 51. The worst job I’ve ever done was at an egg-packing factory. 【新词】worst 最差的 pack 打包 【整句翻译】我做过的最差的工作是在一家鸡蛋包装厂。 句子成分分析： The worst job I’ve ever done (主语) The worst job (名词短语) I’ve ever done (定语从句，修饰job) I (主语) have ever done (谓语) was (系动词) at an egg-packing factory (介词短语，作表语) 51. If we do not read, it will be hard for us to improve our ability to think widely, to have an imagination. 新词： improve: 提高 ability: 能力 imagination: 想象力 整句翻译： 如果我们不阅读，我们将很难提高我们广泛思考的能力，很难拥有想象力。 句子成分分析： If we do not read：条件状语从句，主语是“we”，谓语是“do not read”。 it will be hard for us：主句的主语是“it”，谓语是“will be”，表语是“hard”，介词短语“for us”作状语。 to improve our ability to think widely, to have an imagination：不定式短语作真正的主语，解释说明“it”所指代的内容。 52. When I talked with him, I noticed that his clothes were carefully brushed, his hair in nice order, and his teeth as white as milk. 新词： notice: 注意到 brush: 刷 as white as milk: 像牛奶一样白 整句翻译： 当我和他谈话时，我注意到他的衣服被仔细地刷过，头发整齐，牙齿像牛奶一样白。 句子成分分析： When I talked with him：时间状语从句，主语是“I”，谓语是“talked”，介词短语“with him”作状语。 I noticed：主句的主语是“I”，谓语是“noticed”。 that his clothes were carefully brushed, his hair in nice order, and his teeth as white as milk：宾语从句，主语分别是“his clothes”，“his hair”，“his teeth”，谓语分别是“were brushed”，“in nice order”，“as white as milk”。 53. According to this discovery, scientists say that people accept the colors they like, and refuse the colors they hate. 新词： discovery: 发现 accept: 接受 refuse: 拒绝 整句翻译： 根据这一发现，科学家们说人们接受他们喜欢的颜色，拒绝他们讨厌的颜色。 句子成分分析： According to this discovery：介词短语作状语。 scientists say：主句的主语是“scientists”，谓语是“say”。 that people accept the colors they like, and refuse the colors they hate：宾语从句，主语是“people”，谓语分别是“accept”和“refuse”，宾语分别是“the colors they like”和“the colors they hate”。 54. Frank walked along the tidy gravel walks, and looked at everything, but touched noting that he saw. 新词： tidy: 整洁的 gravel: 碎石 整句翻译： 弗兰克沿着整洁的碎石小路走着，看着一切，但没有碰他看到的任何东西。 句子成分分析： Frank walked along the tidy gravel walks：主句的主语是“Frank”，谓语是“walked”，介词短语“along the tidy gravel walks”作状语。 and looked at everything：并列谓语，谓语是“looked”，介词短语“at everything”作宾语。 but touched noting that he saw：并列谓语，谓语是“touched”，宾语是“noting”，定语从句“that he saw”修饰“noting”。 55. Frank saw and felt how much happier a boy may be by not meddling with what does not belong to him. 整句翻译： 弗兰克看到并感受到，一个男孩如果不干涉不属于他的事情，可能会多么快乐。 句子成分分析： Frank saw and felt：主句的主语是“Frank”，谓语是“saw and felt”。 how much happier a boy may be by not meddling with what does not belong to him：宾语从句，主语是“a boy”，谓语是“may be”，介词短语“by not meddling with what does not belong to him”作状语。 56. The best way to collect is to have a special album to put your collection in and to write what each thing means to you. 新词： collect: 收集 album: 相册 整句翻译： 收集的最好方法是有一个专门的相册来存放你的收藏品，并写下每件东西对你来说的意义。 句子成分分析： The best way to collect: 主语（名词短语） is: 系动词 to have a special album to put your collection in and to write what each thing means to you: 表语（不定式短语） 57. He took off his cap when he came in, and answered my questions quickly and respectfully; showing that he was polite. 新词： take off: 脱下 respectfully: 尊敬地 整句翻译： 当他进来时，他脱下了帽子，并迅速而恭敬地回答了我的问题；这表明他很有礼貌。 句子成分分析： He: 主语 took off his cap: 谓语和宾语（动词短语） when he came in: 时间状语从句 and answered my questions quickly and respectfully: 并列谓语和宾语（动词短语） showing that he was polite: 现在分词短语作伴随状语 58. One secret of voluntary work is to avoid thinking about money because that is where the problem lies. 新词： avoid: 避免 lie: 存在 整句翻译： 志愿工作的秘诀之一是避免考虑金钱，因为问题就出在这里。 句子成分分析： One secret of voluntary work: 主语（名词短语） is: 系动词 to avoid thinking about money: 表语（不定式短语） because that is where the problem lies: 原因状语从句 60. If you visit France today, it is not a surprise to meet street artists in the city or come across a singer in the subway. 新词： surprise: 惊讶 come across: 偶遇 subway: 地铁 整句翻译： 如果你今天去法国，遇到城市里的街头艺术家或在地铁里偶遇歌手并不令人惊讶。 句子成分分析： If you visit France today: 条件状语从句 it: 形式主语 is not a surprise: 系表结构（系动词+表语） to meet street artists in the city or come across a singer in the subway: 真正的主语（不定式短语） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ ( 中考英语 阅读 长难句训练 ) ( 学校：_________ 姓名：_________ 班级：_________ No pains, no gains. 一分耕耘一分收获 。 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 【划分句子成分】 用“‖”划分主语和谓语； 用“~”标出宾语； 用“（）”标出定语； 用“[ ]”标出状语； 用“< >”标出补语 1. From these studies, researchers want to find out how many bears live in New Jersey, how long they live, and how many babies they produce. 【新词】researcher __________ find out _________ bear __________ 【整句翻译】__________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 2. He chose the last day of April because the first day is April Fool’s Day, which celebrates lies. 【新词】April Fool’s Day __________ celebrate _________ lie __________ 【整句翻译】__________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 3. Chris is a doctor from France who has travelled to many places to organize programs that help people. 【新词】travel __________ organize_________ program __________ 【整句翻译】__________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 4. Generally, a smart city is a city that uses digital technologies such as the Internet to improve city planning, save money and resources, and make our life convenient. 【新词】generally __________ smart _________ digital__________ improve____________ resource _________ convenient__________ 【整句翻译】__________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 5. For example, its city walls, which helped keep the city safe in the past, are hundreds of years old now and look almost the same as before. 【新词】hundreds of __________ almost _________ 【整句翻译】__________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 6. Imagine seeing an empty car passing by on its way to pick up its owner, or a car full of passengers who are reading, listening to music or even sleeping. 【新词】imagine __________ pass by _________ pick sb. up__________ 【整句翻译】__________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 7. The good way of getting out of the well is to stop crying, and not to let the dirt bury you, but to shake it off and take a step up. 【新词】get out of_______ well ______ bury_____ shake ______ take a step_____ 【整句翻译】__________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 8. The story began in 2000, when Haixia, who was already blind in her right eye, lost her left one after an illness. 【新词】already _________ blind __________ 【整句翻译】__________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 9. It may be hard to believe, but the American Revolution-- the war that freed the American states from British control -- began over a cup of tea. 【新词】revolution _________ free__________ 【整句翻译】__________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 10. To protect the stamps, some people also put the stamps into a special room which has a machine to keep the air cool and dry. 【新词】stamp _________ special __________ protect _______ 【整句翻译】__________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 11. Also when you write your goals in your own way, you are able to make yourself realize situations that will bring you nearer to your goals. 【新词】goal _________ realize __________ situation ________ 【整句翻译】__________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 12. Oil can be used in many ways and it’s difficult to imagine what the modern world will be like without oil. 【新词】oil _________ imagine __________ modern________ 【整句翻译】__________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 13. (I have always loved cars.) After graduating from college, I got one, which I regarded as my favorite friend. 【新词】graduate_________ regard __________ 【整句翻译】__________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 14. It was invented to help blind people to learn Braille, which is a special system for the blind to read by touching. 【新词】invent _________ blind __________ Braille ________ 【整句翻译】__________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 15. For instance, we can share our positive attitude with those who are negative or upset. 【新词】for instance _________ share ______ positive_______ attitude_______ negative________ upset__________ 【整句翻译】__________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 16. The more grapes a person eats, the more good luck the person will have in the year. 【新词】grape _________ luck__________ 【整句翻译】__________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 17. I never saw my father home from work late or ill, nor did I ever see my father take a “night out with the boys”. 【新词】nor _________ night out__________ 【整句翻译】__________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 18. Though she is very successful, she says that she finds it harder every year to balance her business with her family life. 【新词】though _________ successful __________ balance _________ 【整句翻译】__________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 19. Suddenly it was announced that the “empty” land would be improved by a lot of houses on it. 【新词】suddenly _________ announce __________ improve_________ 【整句翻译】__________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 20. Andrew wrote down clearly all the research he had done about the area, and how the houses would affect the local environment. 【新词】affect _________ local __________ environment ________ 【整句翻译】__________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 21. In the end, the land remained a safe place for birds, animals and plants that belonged there. 【新词】remain_________ belong __________ 【整句翻译】__________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 22. Now Jason still faces many hardships in life, but he will make you believe that you can do what he has done. 【新词】face _________ hardship __________ 【整句翻译】__________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 23. If foreigners visit a Chinese family, they would be surprised at the warmth that they would receive as guests. 【新词】warmth _________ guest __________ 【整句翻译】__________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 24. Have you ever heard of e-waste (electric waste),which can be produced every day? 【新词】heard of _________ e-waste __________ produce ________ 【整句翻译】__________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 25. People should protect trees, or they will find that they have lost the best friends they had in the end. 【新词】protect _________ lose __________ 【整句翻译】__________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 26. There is a folk song called “My Old Deskmate” which is sung widely among people of different ages. 【新词】folk _________ widely __________ 【整句翻译】__________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 27. Every body like sitting in the prams which are pushed by their mothers along the road or in the park. 【新词】pram _________ push __________ 【整句翻译】__________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 28. He traveled across the Australian desert where temperature reached 48℃ in the day and 0℃ at night. 【新词】desert_________ temperature_________ 【整句翻译】__________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 29. It’s an interesting and exciting book which tells us what ordinary people can do with courage and determination! 【新词】ordinary _________ courage _________ determination__________ 【整句翻译】__________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 30. She shared the places she stays and the food she eats on the Internet with tens of thousands of followers. 【新词】share _________ follower _________ 【整句翻译】__________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 31. Usually, boys score higher on tests about math, while girls do better in tests about words, spelling and memory. 【新词】score _________ memory _________ 【整句翻译】__________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 32. Once a dish comes, instead of lifting our chopsticks, we take out our mobiles and click. 【新词】instead of _________ lift ______ click ________ 【整句翻译】__________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 33. And he waited quietly for his turn, instead of pushing the others aside, showing that he was modest. 【新词】push... aside _________ modest _________ 【整句翻译】__________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 34. When he wrote his name, I noticed that his fingernails were clean, instead of having some untidy personal habits. 【新词】notice _________ fingernail _________ untidy _________ 【整句翻译】__________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 35. All the citizens who were born before May 8, 2006 are encouraged to register. 【新词】citizen _________ encourage _________ register __________ 【整句翻译】__________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 36. The answer of course is the huge influence that technology has had on our life. 【新词】huge_________ influence _________ 【整句翻译】__________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 37. These activities will give you a chance to communicate with people who share similar interests. 【新词】chance _________ communication _________ similar ________ 【整句翻译】__________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 38. A boy name James Watt sat quietly by the fire, watching the lid of the kettle move up and down. 【新词】lid _________ kettle _________ 【整句翻译】__________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 39. Pepper is used at home or store, where we enjoy pleasure and entertainment. 【新词】pepper _________ entertainment _________ 【整句翻译】__________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 40. I would like a room where we can go and relax and play computer games and chat with friends. 【新词】relax _________ chat _________ 【整句翻译】__________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 41. I would also like to have a music room where we can just go and play instruments when we want. 【新词】play instruments _________ 【整句翻译】__________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 42. One autumn, he promised to help our neighbor, who lost his arms in a traffic accident in 1999, to harvest his rice. 【新词】promise _________ harvest _________ 【整句翻译】__________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 43. So it’s important for everybody to understand that you can always find a university that gives you a great education. 【新词】university _________ 【整句翻译】__________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 44. This means that your money will go to local people, rather than to a large international company. 【新词】local _________ rather than _________ international _________ 【整句翻译】__________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 45. The sea is a good place to grow plants because underwater temperature remain stable, changing little from day to night. 【新词】underwater _________ stable _________ 【整句翻译】__________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 46. Suddenly she stopped before a store, inside which were all kinds of dolls. 【新词】suddenly _________ doll _________ 【整句翻译】__________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 47. Most people hope to have a memory which helps then succeed in study, work and life. 【新词】memory _________ succeed _________ 【整句翻译】__________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 48. Human brains are like muscles that need nutrients and exercise to become stronger. 【新词】brain _________ muscle _________ nutrient ________ 【整句翻译】__________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 49. Eating more food rich in B vitamins and Vitamin E, such as vegetables and lean meat, helps you have a better memory. 【新词】rich in _________ vitamin _______ lean meat ________ 【整句翻译】__________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 50. In the waters, you can meet all kinds of colorful fish and many other living things that you can’t name. 【新词】colorful _________ living things _________ name ________ 【整句翻译】__________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 51. The worst job I’ve ever done was at an egg-packing factory. 【新词】worst_________ pack _________ 【整句翻译】__________________________________________________________ 52. If we do not read, it will be hard for us to improve our ability to think widely, to have an imagination. 【新词】improve _________ ability _________ imagination_________ 【整句翻译】__________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 53. When I talked with him, I noticed that his clothes were carefully brushed, his hair in nice order, and his teeth as white as milk. 【新词】notice _________ brush _________ as white as milk ________ 【整句翻译】__________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 54. According to this discovery, scientists say that people accept the colors they like, and refuse the colors they hate. 【新词】discovery _________ accept _________ refuse _________ 【整句翻译】__________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 55. Frank walked along the tidy gravel walks, and looked at everything, but touched noting that he saw. 【新词】tidy _________ gravel _________ 【整句翻译】__________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 56. Frank saw and felt how much happier a boy may be by not meddling with what does not belong to him. 【新词】meddle _________ belong to _________ 【整句翻译】__________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 57. The best way to collect is to have a special album to put your collection in and to write what each thing means to you. 【新词】collect _________ album _________ 【整句翻译】__________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 58. He took off his cap when he came in, and answered my questions quickly and respectfully; showing that he was polite. 【新词】take off_________ respectfully _________ 【整句翻译】__________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 59. One secret of voluntary work is to avoid thinking about money because that is where the problem lies. 【新词】avoid ________ lie _________ 【整句翻译】__________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 60. If you visit France today, it is not a surprise to meet street artists in the city or come across a singer in the subway. 【新词】surprise _________ come across _________ subway ________ 【整句翻译】__________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$