Unit1 Helping those in need知识单- 2024-2025学年沪教牛津版八年级英语下册

U1 Helping those in need词汇 Vocabulary 1. (为....)筹募资金 raise money (for... ) 2. 举手 raise/put up one’s hand 3. 抚养孩子 raise children 4. n. 准许，2种表达；v. 准许 permission=agreement；permit 5. 允许某人做某事 permit/allow sb to do sth 6. 能做某事，3种表达 be able to do sth=can do sth=have the ability to do sth 7. v. 主动提出，3种表达 offer=provide=supply 8. 提供给某人某物，4种表达 offer sb sth= offer sth to sb provide sb with sth= provide sth for sb 9. 主动提出做某事 offer to do sth 10. 受……折磨 suffer from 11. serious 3种含义 adj. 严肃的; 严重的; 认真的 12. n. 疾病；adj. 有病的 illness；ill=sick 13. v. 组织；n. 组织；n. 组织者；adj. 有组织的 organize；organization；organizer；organized 14. 表达某人自己(思想感情)；表达某人的感情 express oneself；express one’s feelings 15. n. 痛苦；adj. 痛苦的；adj. 无痛的 pain；painful；painless 16. 辨析lonely和alone lonely 强调人内心孤单感受，可以放在名词前 alone 强调身边没人，不能放在名词前 17. 感到孤独 feel lonely 18. n. 困难, 3种表达；adj. 困难的 difficulty=problem=trouble；difficult 19. 在(做)某方面有困难 have difficulty/trouble （in）doing/with sth 20. un. 高兴，3种表达；adj. 高兴的，3种表达 joy= happiness=pleasure；joyful=happy=pleasant 21. 使某人高兴的是…… to one’s joy 22. un. 宁静，和平；adj. 和平的，安静的 peace；peaceful 23. v. 受伤，过去式及过去分词 hurt-hurt—hurt 24. 伤到自己 hurt oneself 25. n. 勇气，2种表达；v. 鼓励 courage=braveness；encourage 26. 鼓励某人做某事 encourage sb to do sth 27. 情绪高╱低 be in high/low spirits 28. v. 支付，过去式及过去分词 pay-paid-paid 29. 4个“花费”表达 (1) 人+pay+钱+for sth 花…（钱）买某物 (2) 人+ spend + 钱/时间 + on /(in) doing + sth (3) 物 + cost +人+钱 某物花去某人…（钱） (4) It takes sb +钱/时间+to do sth 花费某人...钱/时间做某事 30. 偿清（债务）；注意(做)某事 pay off；pay attention to (doing)sth 31.为了做… in order to do sth U1 语法 Grammar 一、动词不定式 1. 形式： eg. Tell them not to play football in the street. Let the boy not go. 2. 用法: 在句中可作主宾表定状补语 (1) 作主语: ① 置于句首: eg. To look after the old is our duty. ② it作形式主语, 真正的主语(不定式)置于句后: It+be +名词+ to do sth eg. It is our duty to look after the old. 照顾老人是我们的职责。 It+ be +形容词+ for sb+ to do sth eg. It is necessary for us to study English. 学习英语对于我们来说是必要的。 It + be +形容词+ of sb + to do sth eg. It is very kind of you to say that. 你这么说真是太好了。 It takes sb +时间/钱 +to do sth It seems/appears(似乎) +形容词+ to do sth eg. It seems impossible to save money. 省钱似乎是不可能的。 (2) 作宾语 ① 固定短语中:V+to do eg. I want to tell you a story. 我想告诉你一个故事。 ②“特殊疑问词 (what, when, whether, how) +to do” eg. I want to know how to study well. 我想知道如何学好。 I don't know when to go on vacation. 我不知道什么时候去度假。 (3) 作表语: 放在系动词(be)后 eg. My work is to teach you English. (4) 作(后置)定语: 放在所修饰名词/代词后面 eg. I'd like something to eat. 我想吃点东西。 It's a good place to have fun. 这是一个很好的娱乐场所。 (5) 作状语 ① 目的状语: to do可与in order to do或so as to do 转换, so as to不用在句首 eg. He ran so fast to catch the first bus. 他跑得那么快, 为了赶上第一班公交。 ② 结果状语 eg. He searched the room to find nothing. 他搜查了房间, 什么也没找到。 ③ 原因状语: 在某些喜怒哀乐等的形容词后作原因状语 eg. I am glad/happy to see you. 很高兴见到你。 (6) 作宾语补足语: ①带“to”不定式做宾补: 固定搭配: V+sb+ to do sth eg. The teacher often tells Jim not to spend too much time playing computer games. 老师经常告诉吉姆不要花费太多时间玩电脑游戏。 ②不带 “to”不定式作宾补: 感官系V: feel/ hear/ see/ watch/ notice sb do sth 使役V: make/ let/ have sb do sth 主动语态: V+ sb do sth (省略to) 被动语态: sb + be +V-ed + to do sth (还原to) 主动: The boss makes the workers do a lot of work. 被动: The workers was made to do a lot of work. 那个老板让工人做很多工作。 U1 写作 Writing 【话题】帮助他人 【范文1】 上周你和你的同学们参加了志愿者服务活动。你准备向校报投稿，介绍你们的活动经历，鼓励更多同学积极参与。请根据以下提示，写一篇短文进行投稿。 Voluntary work At school… In the old people’s home… … 注意： 1. 可在思维导图内容提示的基础上适当拓展信息； 2. 词数 80词左右 【答案1】 My classmates and I took part in some voluntary activities last week and I would like to share them with you. We helped clean up at school and hand out leaflets to let students take care of the environment. We also helped some grade students with their studies. 上周，我和同学们参加了一些志愿者活动，我想和大家分享一下。我们协助学校进行清洁，并分发传单，鼓励学生爱护环境。我们还帮助一些小学生学习。 Then in the afternoon we went to the old people’s home. We helped them wash clothes and cook. They told us some stories about their time. We also told them some interesting stories. 下午，我们去了敬老院。我们帮他们洗衣服和做饭。他们给我们讲了一些他们那个时代的故事。我们还给他们讲了一些有趣的故事。 Although we were tired, we were happy. If I have the chance, I will take part in such activity again. 虽然我们很累，但我们很快乐。如果有机会，我会再次参加这样的活动。 【范文2】 假设上周末你们班开展了以“Helping the left-behind children (留守儿童)”为主题的活动，请你写一篇短文，介绍此次活动，内容包括： 要点：1.周六开展学习活动：①帮助孩子学习英语；②…… 2.周日进行娱乐活动：①带孩子参观当地景点；②…… 3.你的感受。 Last weekend, our class organized an activity to help the left-behind children. 上周末，我们班组织了一次帮助留守儿童的活动。 On Saturday, we focused on learning activities. We helped the children learn English by teaching them basic vocabulary and grammar. Additionally, we organized some fun interactive games to make the learning process more enjoyable.On Sunday, it was all about entertainment. We took the children to visit local attractions, allowing them to explore and have a good time. We also prepared some outdoor activities such as sports and group games to promote teamwork and physical activity. 周六，我们专注于学习活动。我们通过教孩子们基本的词汇和语法来帮助他们学习英语。此外，我们还组织了一些有趣的互动游戏，使学习过程更加愉快。周日，一切都是为了娱乐。我们带孩子们参观了当地的景点，让他们探索并度过了一段美好的时光。我们还准备了一些户外活动，如运动和团体游戏，以促进团队合作和体育活动。 This activity not only brought joy to the left-behind children but also gave me a sense of achievement. It made me realize the importance of giving and how small actions can make a big difference to someone's life. I hope to have more opportunities to contribute to such meaningful events in the future. 这次活动不仅给留守儿童带来了欢乐，也给我带来了成就感。这让我意识到给予的重要性，以及小小的行动如何对一个人的生活产生巨大的影响。我希望将来有更多的机会为这些有意义的活动做出贡献。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$