专题04 Unit 2 单元话题阅读精练(阅读理解15篇+七选五5篇)-2024-2025学年高一英语重难知识&题型精练(译林版2020必修第三册)

Unit 2 Natural disasters (译林版2020必修第三册) 单元话题阅读精练(阅读理解15篇+七选五5篇) Ⅰ阅读理解 Passage 1 （24-25高一上·安徽·期末） Four of the Deadliest Natural Disasters in 2023 Indeed, 2023 was host to a variety of natural disasters, some of them taking thousands of lives at once. Here are four of the deadliest natural disasters of 2023. Cyclone Mocha in Myanmar A big storm called Cyclone Mocha hit Myanmar on May 14. It caused very fast winds and sudden lightning. At least 145 people died because of it. — Many of the people who died were from a group — called Rohingya. This storm was one of the worst that Myanmar has experienced in a long time. Earthquake Joy in Nepal On November 3, a 5.6-magnitude earthquake named Joy struck western Nepal, resulting in the death of at least 157 people. Sitting at the meeting point of the Indian and Asian tectonic (地壳构造的) plates, this mountainous nation is no stranger to earthquakes. One of its most destructive earthquakes took almost 9,000 lives in 2015. Storm Daniel in Libya On September 10, a big storm named Daniel hit the city of Derna in Libya, located near the Mediterranean Sea. It brought a lot of rain and floods, and it broke two dams in the city. By October 31, it was reported that 4,352 people had died, while an additional 8,000 were missing and thought to be dead. Floods in the DRC Early May brought heavy rainfall to the eastern region of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, causing flash flooding and mudslides. The flood water killed at least 438 people and left thousands more missing or homeless. Heavy rain and extreme flooding have become increasingly common in Africa in recent years due to climate change, according to the U. N. 1．Which natural disaster caused the most deaths? A．Floods in the DRC． B．Storm Dariel in Libya. C．Earthquake Joy in Nepal. D．Cyclone Mocha in Myanmar. 2．What do the disasters that happened in Myanmar and DRC have in common? A．They happened in the same month. B．They are of the same type of disaster. C．They lasted for nearly half a week. D．They have the same number of deaths. 3．What do we know about the earthquake Joy in Nepal? A．It happened in 2015. B．It happened in summer. C．It was caused by heavy rain. D．It resulted in about 160 deaths. Passage 2 （24-25高一上·广东·期末）The 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake, in which tens of thousands of people died and hundreds of thousands injured, was the event that changed everything for China in this field. The 8.0-magnitude quake had presented the most difficult relief (救助) challenges to the country since 1949, leading to a complete review and improvement of the country’s emergency response (应对) capabilities. Since then, preventing and controlling disasters has become a top concern for the Chinese government. For earthquakes, getting an early warning is extremely important. The Chengdu High-tech Disaster Reduction Center found that a three-second early warning can lower the number of the injured by 14%; a ten-second warning, by 39%; a 20-second warning, by 63%. So in the following years China has developed an automatic (自动的) early warning system which can send out warnings to millions of people in China within just two minutes after an earthquake. In 2018, the Chinese government also created the Ministry of Emergency Management, together with civil services, the Red Cross, and the National Fire and Rescue Administration to ensure a round-the-clock emergency response. There are now 27 specialized teams for mountain, water, and air rescues, as well as earthquake relief, and seven teams for helping with international rescue efforts. Whether it is earthquake, typhoon, flood or forest fire, China has an excellent record in post-disaster recovery, as it is able to organize resources from various departments including power, water conservancy and supply, telecommunications and disease control. To reduce the effects of follow-up disasters, these departments would do their parts to repair damaged roads and railways, restore power, water supply, communication and other services to help people get back to normal life. Disaster relief requires the whole society to work together. And China sets an example of how to prevent loss and save lives by putting the people first. 4．How does this text show the importance of early warning systems? A．By using quotes. B．By giving examples. C．By listing numbers. D．By making contrast. 5．Why has the government set up the specialized teams? A．To carry out disaster relief internationally. B．To help the rescue and recovery work. C．To train local people in disaster prevention. D．To handle forest fires more effectively. 6．What can we learn from paragraph 4? A．The effects of follow-up disasters have been reduced. B．A lot of natural disasters have happened in the world. C．Disaster relief needs efforts across various departments. D．Different departments are responsible for building roads and railways. 7．What’s the main idea of this text? A．China has improved disaster response and recovery. B．China has developed an early warning system for earthquakes. C．China organized various departments for post-disaster recovery. D．China has created specialized departments to respond to earthquakes. Passage 3 （24-25高一上·山东临沂·期末）British fire-fighters are fighting against the worst wildfire they have seen. They called it a “mega-fire”, Eight different fires combined (联合) an hour’s drive north of London. Professor Blair, an environmental research expert at the University of London, said that the wildfires mainly resulted from a combination of drought (干旱), high temperatures, and strong winds. Climate change had also been identified as a contributing factor, with Britain growing hotter and hotter, drier and drier in recent years.   The number of wildfires was well above the long-term average last year, continuing a trend in place since 2022. Several destructive fires have occurred this year. Seventy-five large fires, covering at least six hectares (公顷), were recorded last year, according to analysis of data going back to 2008 by the London School of Economics (LSE). In 2018, 17 large fires were recorded. This increased to 74 in 2020, then 97 in 2021 and 138 a year later. Separate numbers got by Lord Botham, the former England cricketer, show a relevant increase in carbon dioxide emissions (二氧化碳排 放) from wildfires from 294,000 tons in 2019 to 1,363,000 tons in 2023. “While once there would be a big fire year every few years, now it is becoming yearly,” Dr Botham, another professor in environmental geography, told the reporter, “We need to be prepared for more flammable landscapes. This preparation has already started. Professional wildfire teams have been appointed in fire and rescue services up and down the country.” He added that firefighters in Britain were learning from those in Spain, South Africa and the US, which “currently face a fire risk that we might see in the coming decades”. Although the recent ban (禁令) on single-use barbecues in parts of Dorset and Hampshire would help, the limitations should extend to sky lanterns and fireworks (烟花). 8．What caused the fires according to Professor Blair? A．Hot weather and heavy rainfall. B．High temperatures and wet weather. C．Extreme weather and climate change. D．Strong winds and increasing pressure. 9．How does the author tell the terrible results caused by wildfires? A．By giving examples. B．By listing numbers. C．By asking questions. D．By interviewing experts. 10．What can we infer from Dr Botham’s statements? A．Wildfires happened yearly in the past. B．Continual wildfires led to full preparations. C．Firefighters in Britain are better trained than those in Spain. D．Professional wildfire teams will join fire and rescue services. 11．Which has the similar meaning to the underlined word “extend”? A．Enlarge. B．Experiment. C．Relate. D．Explore. Passage 4 （24-25高一上·河南新乡·期末）Southern California’s firefighters worked tirelessly on Saturday to put out a wildfire that has destroyed more than 100 buildings as strong winds calmed down and the weather was expected to stay good for the weekend. Evacuation orders were downgraded to warnings for people in several areas of Ventura County, where the mountain fire held at around 83 square kilometers and 21% of it was under control. Firefighters were aided by lighter winds, mild temperatures and low humidity (湿度), which let fuels dry out and burn off quickly, according to the National Weather Service. “We had a very successful day on the fire that broke out 3 days ago with the favorable (有利的) weather,” Ventura County Fire Department Battalion Chief Nick Cleary said on Saturday. “The fire got worse with the arrival of dry, warm and strong northeast Santa Ana winds, forcing thousands of people to evacuate and putting 3,500 buildings in danger around the community of Camarillo. More than100 buildings were destroyed and another 25 damaged,” fire officials said on Saturday after working teams fanned out to check the damage. It was reported that the damage would be at $2.4 million. Smoky air hung over the area and was expected to stay there for several days. Weather conditions would remain favorable on Sunday and Monday with low temperatures and an onshore light wind. Another round of northeast winds was expected on Tuesday, but humidity was expected to rise and winds were not expected to get as high as those that fanned the fire. The area northwest of Los Angeles has seen some of California’s most destructive fires over the years. The mountain fire burgeoned from less than 1.2 square kilometers to more than 41 square kilometers in little more than five hours on Wednesday, with winds topping 98 kph. The governor of California has announced a state of emergency in Ventura County. 12．What can we know about the fire in Ventura County? A．It wasn’t as strong as expected. B．It didn’t do much damage. C．It has been partly controlled. D．It has been completely put out. 13．When did the mountain fire start? A．On Sunday. B．On Saturday. C．On Wednesday. D．On Monday. 14．What does the underlined word “burgeoned” in the last paragraph mean? A．Stopped suddenly. B．Grew quickly. C．Appeared formally. D．Developed successfully. 15．What is the text? A．A news report. B．A short story. C．A work plan. D．A research article. Passage 5 （24-25高一上·重庆·期末）Scientists say they’ve discovered an earthquake-like event that can happen during a hurricane or other storms. Researchers called it a “stormquake” after studying events caused by earthquakes on the sea floor during such storms. Strong energy from hurricanes and serious storms can create very large waves in the ocean. “These waves then interact in some places with solid earth under the sea to cause intense seismic (地震的) source activity,” said the leader researcher Fan, a professor at Florida State University, “The exciting part is that seismic sources caused by hurricanes can last for hours or even days.” The researchers found evidence (证据) of more than 10,000 stormquakes in coastal areas of the U.S. and Canada, which have happened around sea floors containing flat land and at lower depths. But it was not known until recently that such events even existed. This is mainly because scientists studying earthquakes had generally considered ocean-caused seismic waves as “background noise”. The research found major U.S. hurricanes had produced a lot of stormquakes. One example was Hurricane Bill in 2009 in the Atlantic Ocean, causing about 300 stormquakes as it moved north. But no such activity was recorded in areas along the U.S. East Coast. The team noted that even Hurricane Sandy, one of the biggest storms in U.S. history, did not cause a single stormquake. Fan says this suggests that stormquakes are strongly influenced by the physical shape of the seafloor’s surface and seafloor conditions. Fan added that there are still “lots of unknowns” about stormquakes. But he said discovering them “suggests we are reaching a new level of understanding seismic waves”. He hopes the discovery will lead to improved study methods for hurricanes, which in the past were mainly observed from satellites in the sky. “Now we are able to understand it - or at least track part of its route - through the solid earth as well,” he said. 16．What is the characteristic of a stormquake according to this passage? A．Being seasonal. B．Being unexpected. C．Being long-lasting. D．Being global. 17．Why were stormquakes unknown to science before? A．Because they were ignored by scientists. B．Because they were hardly seen on the Earth. C．Because they were similar to common earthquakes. D．Because they generally happened in deep sea floors. 18．What message is conveyed in Paragraph 4? A．All hurricanes don’t lead to stormquakes. B．Stormquakes happen more along the East Coast. C．Stormquakes influence the sea floor’s conditions. D．Stronger hurricanes produce bigger stormquakes. 19．What is the significance of the discovery? A．Helping to predict an earthquake more exactly. B．Offering a different view on hurricane researches. C．Suggesting the richness of the seismic wave field. D．Preventing possible hurricanes and lessening losses. Passage 6 California saw a strong heatwave this year and it led to a series of wildfires. As husband, Joe, and two sons were trapped in the wildfire, wife and mother, Lisa Ebright, waited for their safe return. While Joe and his two sons, Dominic and David, were out camping on their Labor Day trip that had become a sort of family tradition, they were trapped in the area by the Creek Fire. When they first learned the wildfires spreading in their direction, Joe said no smoke could be seen in the surrounding areas. They decided to go to sleep and leave in the morning. In the meantime, the wildfires spread quickly throughout the night and in the morning, the family found that the area they were in was surrounded by thick smoke. Joe said to the reporters that, at that time, they didn’t know exactly how big the fire was nor its exact location. Because they had no way of communicating during that period, Lisa was up all night waiting for their return. Luckily, this family’s story ended happily with a reunion (团聚). However, the California wildfires are ongoing and millions of acres of land have already fallen victim to this disaster (灾难). The Creek Fire trapped hundreds of campers near the Mammoth Pool Reservoir. Joe explained that he was concerned about his wife, Lisa, waiting for their return without a way to communicate with them. He also said that they could not know how serious the wildfires were until they came back home, seeing on TV news reports and how the situation was affecting lots of families. 20．How were Joe and his two sons trapped by wildfires? A．They lived near mountains. B．They went out to put out fires. C．They went out for a family tradition. D．They caused a fire by accident when camping. 21．Why did Joe decide to sleep out when fires were coming in their direction? A．He didn’t know fires broke out. B．He lost his way in the evening. C．His wife told him it was safe. D．He thought it was safe then. 22．How did Joe know the fires were serious? A．By watching news reports. B．By seeing the fires himself. C．Through other campers. D．Through his wife. 23．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Joe escaped from fires bravely B．A family reunited after wildfires C．Wildfires affected many families D．Serious fires broke out in California Passage 7 Being able to know an earthquake before it happens is the final goal for seismologists (地震学家) around the world. Now, thanks to cellphone technology, that goal has become a reality. The United States Geological Survey has created an earthquake early warning system, ShakeAlert, a phone app that can tell its users an incoming earthquake. The app gets its data from two places. The first is more than 700 machines that detect (检测) the shaking in the earth located throughout the United States. The second is user information from phones. All phones have devices which detect when a phone is being moved. When all the data from all the phone users in a given area is gathered, the app can find out when an earthquake is about to happen, and send out warning via radio waves. Radio waves are quicker than seismic waves. Though the early warning system is very useful, it is not a complete solution. As National Geographic reports, the warning for most people will come only a few seconds before the quake hits, and people close to the origin of the quake will get almost no warning at all. Forecasting (预测) earthquakes is still a very young field. “Like weather forecasting 100 years ago,” said Zhe Jia, a geophysicist, “there is still a long way to go before we can forecast earthquakes as well as we can forecast weather today.” Still, having these systems in place is a step forward. Having even a few seconds’ warning to take shelter in the event of an earthquake can mean the difference between injury and health, life and death. 24．What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us about the app? A．Its main benefits. B．Its working process. C．Its user guide. D．Its user information. 25．What is Zhe Jia’s opinion about forecasting earthquakes? A．It has a long way to go. B．It is achievable very soon. C．It has taken a big step. D．It is as good as weather forecasting. 26．What is the author’s attitude to the early warning system? A．Concerned. B．Curious. C．Disappointed. D．Supportive. 27．What is the main idea of the text? A．The harm of earthquakes. B．An earthquake warning system. C．The goal of seismologists. D．Tips on preventing earthquakes. Passage 8 （24-25高一上·河北·阶段练习）As the temperature continues to rise because of global (全球的) warming, some of this increased heat goes into the oceans, which leads to the rising of sea levels and raises temperatures at the sea surface. Scientists expect that rising sea surface temperatures could produce an increasing number of hurricanes while making them stronger than previous ones. Globally, it is uncertain whether global warming is creating more of these storms. However, there are signs of change in some areas, such as the North Atlantic. A close look at hurricane records from 1980 to 2022 shows that hurricane activity is increasing in the North Atlantic. An analysis shows that the number of hurricanes is going upward, and so is the number of major hurricanes, which have winds of 178 kilometers per hour or more. Of these years, the 2005 North Atlantic hurricane season stands out, as it had 15 hurricanes, of which 7 became major hurricanes. However, this increase is still a normal change. Many of these increases are caused by the arrival of El Niño (厄尔尼诺现象) in the Pacific Ocean — a climate phenomenon that has an effect on hurricane development in the North Atlantic. Are scientists at a point where they can argue confidently that hurricane activity is increasing? Or that global warming is causing an increase in hurricane activity? Right now the answer to both of these questions is no. Global and local hurricane records show that the increase in hurricanes in the North Atlantic does not appear in many of the other hurricane-producing areas. In fact, hurricane activity in some areas has even reduced over the same period. What’s more, there is no sign that the increase in the North Atlantic will continue. While climate science goes on studying how El Niño affects global warming, research continues to suggest that a warming ocean makes hurricanes more and more likely. However, whether these hypotheses (假说) will be proved correct remains to be seen. 28．What can we infer about the increase of hurricanes from this passage? A．It will cause sea level to rise. B．It may be a local phenomenon. C．It results in warmer sea surface. D．It often creates disastrous storms. 29．How do scientists do their research on hurricane increasing? A．By doing field observation. B．By making close observation. C．By analyzing old records. D．By grouping different hurricanes. 30．What might the follow-up research focus on? A．The direct cause of hurricanes on the Atlantic Ocean. B．The reason for the change in the number of hurricanes. C．The relationship between sea temperature and El Niño. D．The relationship between hurricanes and warming ocean. 31．What can be the best title of this text? A．Will Global Warming Be Controlled? B．Will Human Beings Face More Dangers? C．Are Hurricanes Spreading Elsewhere? D．Is the Number of Hurricanes Increasing? Passage 9 （24-25高一上·广东江门·阶段练习）It was February 2023, and Tropical Cyclone Gabrielle had been hitting New Zealand for days. While I was making breakfast for my husband Matty and my son Morgan, the power suddenly went out. Looking out the window, I saw a sea of dirty chocolate brown. In 20 minutes, our front yard was underwater. We put old clothes under the door to stop the water, but it didn’t work. Morgan lives with autism (自闭症) and didn’t understand what was happening. Within 45 minutes, floodwater moved quickly into our home. ‘We have to get Morgan up on the roof ( 房顶) !’ Matty said. As we held the ladder steady (把梯子扶稳) , Morgan carefully climbed up onto the wet roof. ‘Keep dry with your umbrella!’ I told my boy. With Morgan on the roof, Matty and I tried to put valuable things onto higher levels. The water was now higher. ‘Get on the roof!’ Matty shouted. With Matty holding the ladder steady, I made my way up. With the water reaching up to Matty’s neck, the ladder was carried away by it. I tried my best to pull him up. We could see our neighbours about 40 metres away on their roof. ‘Are we going to die, Mum?’ Morgan cried. ‘We will be okay. We just have to wait it out,’ I said. Far away I could hear helicopters. I waved hard, but no one was coming for us. Finally, at 2:30 pm, I noticed a bar of reception (一格信号) on my phone. Madly calling 911, I said, ‘We need someone now!’ An hour later, a helicopter landed in the middle of the roof, and we all carefully climbed in. The floodwaters went down, and a few days later, Matty and I visited our house. It looked terrible and smelled awful. We were able to get back a few things, such as Matty’s bikes. Three weeks later, we found a new place to live. We didn’t have much but felt so glad to be alive. 32．What happened around breakfast time? A．The electricity failed. B．The window was broken. C．The strong wind weakened. D．The sea nearby kept rising. 33．What did the author do after getting Morgan on the roof? A．She dried her valuable things. B．She went back to get an umbrella. C．She positioned the ladder in a different place. D．She moved some prized things to safer places. 34．What can we say about the author on the roof? A．She showed care for her neighbours. B．She asked for help actively. C．She got completely lost. D．She calmed herself. 35．How did the author feel after the flood? A．Regretful. B．Surprised. C．Lucky. D．Tired. Passage 10 Last September, a strange seismic signal (地震信号), lasting more than a week, attracted the attention of researchers around the world. It took 68 experts from 15 countries to discover the cause of the “USO” -Unidentified Seismic Object. The term USO is used informally by scientists for unusual seismic signals that can’t be explained, according to Kristian Svennevig, the lead author of a new report on this signal. From the start, scientists agreed this signal was not from an earthquake. Svennevig compared earthquakes to hitting piano keys with force, creating a mix of sounds that disappeared quickly. However, the unusual signal was like a single piano key producing a clear sound that lasted for nine days. Researchers tracked the signal to a huge snowslide in eastern Greenland’s Dickson fjord (峡湾), which was formed by melting (融化) ice due to climate change. Some 1.2 kilometers above the fjord, a mountaintop fell, driving more than 25 million cubic meters of rock and ice into the water-enough to fill 10,000 Olympic-sized swimming pools. The resulting tsunami (海啸) reached a height of 200 meters. The wave’s energy was caught in the rocky fjord, causing the water to move back and forth. This movement created the seismic signal. Svennevig noted that understanding this event took time. Even when they had ideas about what happened, they needed more information and improved models to support their findings. “We could only show that the tsunami was caught and kept moving inside the fjord for nine days after we used special army maps and improved our tsunami models,” Svennevig explained. To the researchers, the signal served as a wakeup call-similar events may happen with landfalls in other fjords or lakes due to climate change, which could lead to more landfalls and tsunamis in the Arctic. Understanding this event helps scientists learn more about how the Earth is changing due to global warming. There is still much to discover as we face the effects of climate change. 36．Why did Svennevig mention piano keys? A．To explain the strange signal. B．To introduce a musical instrument. C．To compare the sounds in nature. D．To give tips on playing the piano. 37．What caused the seismic signal? A．A wildfire. B．A snowslide. C．A heavy rain. D．An earthquake. 38．What can we know from Svennevig’s words? A．It’ll take much time to receive the seismic signal. B．It’s slow for scientists to find an answer to the event. C．A group of scientists was caught in the deadly tsunami. D．The researchers will make public the recent finding soon. 39．What does the author stress in the text? A．Landfalls always happen along with tsunamis. B．Scientists should keep an open mind on opinions. C．This event may shape our view on various cultures. D．The signal gives us fair warning of climate change. Passage 11 （24-25高一上·江苏苏州·阶段练习）What would you do if this happened to you? Imagine that you are a man working in your cornfield. You hear deep, long, continuous noises, which sound like thunder, but are unusually frightening. You look up, but the sky is clear. Suddenly, you feel vibrations (振动) under your feet. The next thing you know, a crack (裂缝) opens up in the ground right before you. It gives off an awful smell — like bad eggs. Then, to your shock, the ground moves upward. A volcano (火山) is being born right before your eyes! This sounds like a made-up story, but it actually happened to a man named Dionisio Pulido in 1943. He lived with his wife near the village of Paricutin, about 200 miles from Mexico City. Mr. Pulido watched smoky dust rise from the crack in the field. He and his family escaped to Paricutin. Within just 24 hours, material from the crack moved upward and created a hill — like object 164 feet high! For the next few days, the Earth sent tons of material to the surface. A soup — like mixture of dust and rock had begun to rain down on the village. But the volcano that formed in a cornfield was just getting started. Its power grew. A stream of lava (熔岩) began to make its way to Paricutin. Luckily, it took four months to reach the village. This allowed the people to escape in time. They went to the larger village nearby, but in a few weeks found that they had to escape from there as well. In the next few months, all that was left of these villages were two church towers sticking out of the tons of lava. The Paricutin volcano was active for the next nine years. Then, almost as suddenly as it began, the eruption (喷发) stopped. What was once Dionisio Pulido’s cornfield was now a 1,400 foot-high mountain. 40．What were the earliest worrying signs found by Pulido? A．Unusual sounds. B．Thick clouds. C．Awful smells. D．Strong vibrations. 41．What happened a few days after the Pulidos escaped to Paricutin? A．The crack became much smaller. B．Dust began to come out of the crack. C．The volcano began to show its power. D．It rained heavily in Paricutin. 42．What do we know about the lava coming out of the volcano? A．It moved very fast. B．It covered two villages. C．It killed hundreds of villagers. D．It remained active for several weeks. 43．What is the text mainly about? A．A volcano born in a cornfield. B．A man living next to a large volcano. C．An active volcano having existed for ten years. D．An awful dust storm happening near a volcano. Passage 12 （24-25高一上·湖南衡阳·阶段练习）A powerful earthquake hit Morocco on Friday night. The earthquake struck around 11 p.m. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) says that the earthquake had a magnitude of 6.8. But Morocco’s earthquake center recorded the earthquake was almost twice as strong. The quake was one of the most powerful ever recorded in Morocco. It was also the country’s deadliest earthquake in over 60 years. The earthquake is reported to have killed over 2,680 people so far. It has injured over 2,500 others. The earthquake was extremely dangerous because it happened at night. Marrakesh is a big city that’s popular with tourists. Many of its modern buildings seem to have survived the earthquake. But the old part of the city, called Medina, was hard hit. Medina has buildings that are over 1,000 years old. Outside of Marrakesh, the earth quake caused even more damage. In the Atlas Mountains, the earthquake’s center, there were many small villages. Some villages were nearly destroyed. Many of the people in the area live in simple houses made of mud bricks. This is a traditional way of building in Могоcco. But they are not strong enough to protect against earthquakes. Many of these houses collapsed. Some of the bricks turned to sand. Rescue workers have been working hard to save those affected by the quake. In larger cities, rescue efforts seem to be going well. But it has taken a lot longer for help to reach far areas in the mountains. Many of these villages are difficult to get to. The earthquake caused landslides, blocking roads and making these places even more difficult to reach. In some areas, telephone and electrical service were also knocked out, leaving these places completely cut off. That means that the local people in some areas far away have had to deal with the situation on their own. But more help is coming. Some countries have offered teams of experts; others have offered emergency supplies. 44．Why was the earthquake in Morocco especially dangerous according to the text? A．It was the strongest on record. B．There were too many tourists there. C．The buildings there were all too old. D．It happened when people were asleep. 45．What does the underlined word “collapsed” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．Built up. B．Fell down. C．Lasted long. D．Stood still. 46．What is Paragraph 5 mainly about? A．Causes of the earthquake. B．Terrible sights after the earthquake. C．Difficulties met with in rescuing. D．Survivors’ efforts to rebuild the city. 47．In which part of a website can the text appear? A．Culture. B．Society. C．Environment. D．Travel. Passage 13 Jason and his father were going to the grocery store by car to pick up some apples. It had been an unusual day. The sky was dark but there were few clouds. As they drove up the street, there started to be a rumbling (隆隆的) sound heard across the ground. Jason’s father immediately realized that a tornado (龙卷风) was coming. He stopped the car and told Jason to get out immediately. Jason and his father got out of the car and made their way to the closest building. By this time the wind was blowing harder, and it was hard to see or hear. Debris was falling all over the place. Jason couldn’t see his dad anymore. He also realized that he wasn’t getting to the building fast enough. He was afraid he would be picked up by the wind and thrown into the air. As he made his way towards the building, he noticed a field to his right. He could see an irrigation ditch (灌溉渠). In a panic, he scrambled  (爬) to the ditch and lay flat on the ground. More debris and objects flew overhead. His heart was beating hard, and he was nervous. He had never been in a tornado before. After a while, the winds died down and the loud roaring sound was gone. Jason slowly lifted his head and nervously looked around. What he saw was a great mess. Jason could hardly recognize the buildings in front of him because of all the damage. He stood up and with shaky legs walked to the building. Once there, he pushed the door open and went inside. It was a public building owned by the city. It was empty, but Jason could hear noises further inside. He walked into the large room and saw his dad. He ran across the room and gave him a big hug. “Jason! How are you? I’ve been worried sick about you!” said his father. “I couldn’t find you anywhere!” Jason breathed a sigh of a relief (松了一口气) and sat down. He did have a story to tell! 48．From Paragraph 1, we can get the ________ of the story. A．background B．development C．climax (most exciting part) D．ending 49．Which of the following is the right order according to the passage? ① Jason nervously looked around from the irrigation ditch. ② Jason ran across the room and gave his father a big hug. ③ Jason got out of the car. ④ Jason noticed a field to his right. A．②①③④ B．③④①② C．④①②③ D．③①②④ 50．The underlined word “Debris” in Paragraph 2 probably means ________. A．parts of the tornado B．apple pies C．broken pieces D．drop of rain 51．The story tells us that when we are in danger, ________. A．we should wait patiently until help comes B．we should work hard to make our dreams come true C．we should be brave enough to change nature D．we should be quick-thinking and believe in ourselves Passage 14 There is a growing hope in the field of earthquake prediction (预测) due to artificial intelligence (AI), which is challenging the widely accepted belief that earthquake prediction is impossible. Through a test carried out in China, a team of researchers from the University of Texas, Austin have developed an AI algorithm (算法) that can predict 70% of earthquakes up to seven days in advance. The research team believes that their method worked well because they used a simple machine learning method. Based on the team’s understanding of earthquake physics, the AI was provided with a set of data on earthquake, and then taught itself by using a five-year earthquake record database. After the learning process, the AI was able to predict earthquakes by listening and analyzing signs of incoming earthquakes within the background rumblings (隆隆声) in the Earth. This achievement undoubtedly marks a milestone (里程碑) in the field of AI-powered earthquake prediction research. “Earthquakes arrive without warning,” explains Alexandros Savvaidis, a lead researcher at the Texas Seismological Network Program (TexNet). “It’s a matter of milliseconds, and the only thing you can control is how well you are prepared. Even with the 70% accuracy, this is a huge achievement which could help reduce economic and human losses and contribute to earthquake preparation worldwide.” Although it remains to be seen whether this method will be as effective in other areas, the researchers believe that if used in areas with more earthquake tracking networks, their Al algorithms deliver even more accurate predictions. The next step is to test AI in Texas, since UT’s Bureau TexNethas 300 earthquake stations and a continuous recording history of over 6 years, making it an excellent testing ground for these purposes. In the long run, the authors hope to combine the AI system with physics-based models. This combined strategy could be particularly important in situations where data is poor or lacking. “There’s still a long way to go, but many advances like this, taken together, are what drive science forward,” said Scott Tinker, the bureau’s director. 52．How does the AI algorithm predict earthquakes? A．By using algorithms to collect data. B．By identifying data from the satellites. C．By analyzing background sounds in the Earth. D．By understanding earthquake physics. 53．What does Alexandros Savvaidis intend to show? A．The ways to reduce losses in earthquake. B．The significance of developing the AI prediction. C．The importance of earthquake preparation. D．The limitations of current earthquake prediction methods. 54．What does the follow-up research focus on? A．Combining the system with physics-based models. B．Applying the AI approach to other fields. C．Improving earthquake tracking networks in Texas. D．Conducting tests of AI in Texas. 55．Which of the following might be the best title for the passage? A．AI: Reducing Earthquake Losses B．AI: Stopping Earthquake from Happening C．AI: Rewriting the Earthquake Preparation Rules D．AI: Predicting 70% Earthquakes Passage 15 A large flood caused by heavy rains and melting mountain snow recently hit America’s Yellowstone National Park. It caused widespread damage and resulted in many changes. It changed the path of a river popular for fishing and also devastated hundreds of homes, bridges and roadways in nearby communities. It drove more than 10, 000 visitors out of the park. Luckily, no one was reported hurt. However, the park could remain closed for up to one week. The water also washed away camp structures, flooded small towns and cut power to parts of southern Montana and northern Wyoming. The Yellowstone River was running at a historically high level of 4. 9 meters as it flowed past Billings, Montana’s largest city. The city got its water from the river and was forced to close its treatment plant (工厂) because it couldn’t operate effectively with water levels that high. Billings officials said the city only had a 24-hour supply of water. They were asking people to save water until the river could drop and the plant could restart operations. Yellowstone officials said, “The northern half of the park is likely to remain closed over the summer. This will greatly affect local economies that depend on summer tourists. But we have faith in the park repairs and economic recovery.” 56．What does the underlined word “devastated” mean in Paragraph 2? A．Ruined. B．Promoted. C．Challenged. D．Demanded. 57．What can we learn from Paragraph 2? A．The flood lasted quite long. B．The flood left bad effects. C．The flood was caused for some reasons. D．The flood killed 10, 000 visitors. 58．What happened to the treatment plant in Billings after the flood? A．It needed new equipment to supply water. B．It cut down the city’s water supply for 24 hours. C．It was forced to operate in 24 hours. D．It stopped working. 59．What’s the Yellowstone officials’ attitude to the park repairs and economic recovery? A．Positive. B．Doubtful. C．Uncertain. D．Curious. Ⅱ阅读理解七选五 Passage 1 （24-25高一上·广东肇庆·期末）Natural disasters can strike at any time, and schools are no exception. Here are some steps for students to take to survive when a natural disaster hits schools. 1 . Every student should have a personal emergency kit that includes essential items such as a flashlight, batteries, a first-aid kit, water, and non-perishable food. Keeping this kit at hand can ensure students are always prepared. Practice regular drills. Regular disaster drills are just as important as fire drills. They help students learn what to do in real emergency situations. Schools should conduct such drills regularly to ensure that students know what to do when a real disaster occurs. 2 . Identify safe areas. Knowing where safe zones are in the school can be a lifesaver. 3 . Examples include hallways, under desks, or designated shelter areas. These areas should be predetermined within the school and they can provide the best protection during different types of disasters. Understand the risk types. 4 For example, coastal areas are more likely to experience hurricanes, and landslides are a threat in mountainous areas. Therefore, schools should teach students knowledge about the specific type of threat in their local area so that they can take appropriate action during a disaster. Take action in different situations. Students should stay calm and take immediate action based on different situations. For example, during a tornado, they should move to the lowest floor of the building and take cover under stable furniture. 5 . Earthquakes require us to drop to the ground, take cover under a table, and hold on until the shake stops. By following these steps, students can increase their chances of survival and minimize the impact. A．Offer immediate care B．Prepare an emergency kit C．Different areas may face different types of natural disasters D．In the event of a flood, students should move to higher grounds E．After a disaster, schools should check on all students and staff F．These drills will help students react quickly and minimize the risk G．When a disaster hits, students should head to the nearest safe area quickly Passage 2 What to do when your home is flooded The biggest threat (威胁) in a hurricane (飓风) is not the wind, but the water. Flooding from heavy rain can happen just at any time, anywhere, as climate change makes violent downpours more common. As the water falls back, the long, slow process of recovery begins. 6 , and how to start picking up the pieces when the water is gone. Turn off the electricity and gas. The Federal Emergency Management Agency says the first thing you should do is check for things like damaged power, gas lines and cracks in the foundation to make sure it’s safe to go inside. If it is, and there’s no standing water in the house, turn off the electricity. 7 . And put distance between you and the house. Do not go in the floodwater. 8 . It may get you an electric shock, and there are often ruins, sewage and poisonous chemicals in it. So, if you can wait for the water to fall back or for help to come, that’s your best bet, says Jennifer Horney, a professor at the University of Delaware who studies the public-health impacts of disasters. 9 . Use your cellphone to take a ton of pictures of the outside and the inside of your house. You’re documenting the damage and trying to show how high the water got. That’s important for making an insurance claim or applying for federal assistance. From this article, you can have a good understanding of how to deal with a flooded home. 10 . A．Take photos B．Floodwater is dangerous C．Remember to buy insurance D．Floodwater is undrinkable without heat treatment. E．Here’s what you need to know to prepare for floodwater F．Also, there is much knowledge about how to prevent flooding in the future G．If you smell natural gas, or hear an airflow ound, contact the fire department immediately Passage 3 Earthquakes can strike without warning. But many injuries and deaths from this kind of natural disaster can be prevented if people follow these safety tips. If you’re inside a building, stay there! One of the most dangerous things to do in an earthquake is to try to leave a building. 11 Drop to the ground. Get under an object that is not easily damaged. Hold on to it until the shaking stops. You can also get to a corner formed by two walls with your arms over your head. If you’re in bed when the quake hits, stay there and protect your head with a pillow. 12 Don’t take shelter under a tree, streetlights, electric poles or tall buildings. If you are driving, stop as quickly as possible and stay away from overpasses (立交桥), buildings, bridges or anything else that might fall or collapse beneath you. 13 If you are trapped in ruins, cover your mouth with a handkerchief or a piece of clothing. Use your cell phone to call for help if possible. Don’t shout. Shouting can cause you to breathe in dust. 14 Be prepared for aftershocks. 15 However, sometimes they even happen months later. Therefore, if you are not in a safe position (位置) after the first shock, you should move quickly but carefully to a safer place. A．If you’re outside, go to an open space. B．Don’t get into a panic and stay calm. C．Don’t park your car under a tree or any tall object. D．Tap on a pipe or the wall so rescuers can find you. E．Most injuries happen when people inside buildings try to go out. F．They can happen in the first hours after the earthquake. G．Take a good hold of your cell phone in the building. Passage 4 A tsunami can occur after an earthquake, an underwater landslide, or a volcanic eruption. Large amounts of water are displaced and form into walls of water. The name, tsunami, means harbor (海港) wave. 16 But when a tsunami reaches shallow water, it can build up to an enormous height before hitting the shore. Some of these waves look like four-floor buildings. They are also fast. 17 People have little warning when tsunamis hit. In the Pacific Rim countries, the population knows to be careful after an earthquake or volcanic activity. 18 Underwater shelves (陆架) form where rivers empty into an ocean. Seismic (地震的) activity can cause the shelf to break. A tsunami can result from the displaced water. Japan is the unlucky recipient (接受者) of the most tsunamis. Next in line are Chile and Hawaii. 19 In 1958, a couple named Bill and Vivian Swanson were fishing in an Alaskan bay (海湾). At ten o’clock, they felt the boat shake and saw a rock avalanche shower down from a nearby mountain. The resulting wave moved toward their boat at a speed of 100 miles an hour. Luckily, they had enough time to escape. Since 1900, more than 380, 000 people have lost their lives to these great waves. 20 Scientists, however, are working to develop new ways of discovering tsunamis so that better warning systems can be created. A．It has caused great sea waves. B．A tsunami can travel as fast as an airplane. C．At sea, the waves are not usually a problem. D．A great wave called a tsunami has caused the damage. E．United States citizens have often felt the power of these great waves. F．Because tsunamis are not everyday events, people can easily forget their power. G．But an underwater landslide is hidden until the tsunami it causes moves toward shore. Passage 5 The thought of a natural disaster can be frightening, but preparing for the most likely disasters, such as tornadoes, hurricanes, floods, fires, and winter storms, is necessary. 21 You can develop an emergency plan for your family in case of a natural disaster, including household information, out-of-town contacts and school, workplace, and childcare contact information and emergency first aid. Add your evacuation routes and shelter plans as well. More importantly, you have to monitor potential (潜在的) disasters. 22 Watch news and weather reports in your region so that you can be aware of potential disasters in the area. You can also download apps for your smart phone that will warn you of potential disasters near your location. 23 If your family is at risk for exposure to a natural disaster, explain to them what’s happening. Review your emergency preparedness plan so that everyone knows what to do in the event of a disaster. Thirdly, track the progress of forthcoming disasters. Check back with your news station frequently so that you’ll be aware of changes in weather or conditions that could alter the course of a disaster. 24 In this way, you’ll be well informed of what’s happening. Finally, evacuate before disaster strikes, if possible. If danger is coming in your area, evacuate before it strikes. 25 So be sure to follow their instructions. If you aren’t able to evacuate, shelter in place until it’s safe to leave the area. A．For instance, creating a plan is a good idea. B．Make a contact card for each member of the family. C．Secondly, prepare family members for what may happen. D．You may not know what kind of disaster is about to strike. E．To achieve this, firstly, identify potential threatening situations. F．Your local authority may order evacuations if a natural disaster is coming. G．Sign up to receive alerts or updates from your local government or weather service. ( 21 / 23 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 2 Natural disasters (译林版2020必修第三册) 单元话题阅读精练(阅读理解15篇+七选五5篇) Ⅰ阅读理解 Passage 1 （24-25高一上·安徽·期末） Four of the Deadliest Natural Disasters in 2023 Indeed, 2023 was host to a variety of natural disasters, some of them taking thousands of lives at once. Here are four of the deadliest natural disasters of 2023. Cyclone Mocha in Myanmar A big storm called Cyclone Mocha hit Myanmar on May 14. It caused very fast winds and sudden lightning. At least 145 people died because of it. — Many of the people who died were from a group — called Rohingya. This storm was one of the worst that Myanmar has experienced in a long time. Earthquake Joy in Nepal On November 3, a 5.6-magnitude earthquake named Joy struck western Nepal, resulting in the death of at least 157 people. Sitting at the meeting point of the Indian and Asian tectonic (地壳构造的) plates, this mountainous nation is no stranger to earthquakes. One of its most destructive earthquakes took almost 9,000 lives in 2015. Storm Daniel in Libya On September 10, a big storm named Daniel hit the city of Derna in Libya, located near the Mediterranean Sea. It brought a lot of rain and floods, and it broke two dams in the city. By October 31, it was reported that 4,352 people had died, while an additional 8,000 were missing and thought to be dead. Floods in the DRC Early May brought heavy rainfall to the eastern region of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, causing flash flooding and mudslides. The flood water killed at least 438 people and left thousands more missing or homeless. Heavy rain and extreme flooding have become increasingly common in Africa in recent years due to climate change, according to the U. N. 1．Which natural disaster caused the most deaths? A．Floods in the DRC． B．Storm Dariel in Libya. C．Earthquake Joy in Nepal. D．Cyclone Mocha in Myanmar. 2．What do the disasters that happened in Myanmar and DRC have in common? A．They happened in the same month. B．They are of the same type of disaster. C．They lasted for nearly half a week. D．They have the same number of deaths. 3．What do we know about the earthquake Joy in Nepal? A．It happened in 2015. B．It happened in summer. C．It was caused by heavy rain. D．It resulted in about 160 deaths. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章列举了2023年四个最严重的自然灾害，并描述了它们的发生时间、地点、伤亡情况等。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“At least 145 people died because of it.(至少145人因此丧生)”；第三段“On November 3, a 5.6-magnitude earthquake named Joy struck western Nepal, resulting in the death of at least 157 people.(11月3日，尼泊尔西部发生5.6级“乔伊”地震，造成至少157人死亡)”；第四段“By October 31, it was reported that 4,352 people had died, while an additional 8,000 were missing and thought to be dead.(截至10月31日，据报道已有4352人死亡，另有8000人失踪，据信已经死亡)”以及最后一段“The flood water killed at least 438 people and left thousands more missing or homeless.(洪水造成至少438人死亡，数千人失踪或无家可归)”可知，利比亚达里尔风暴造成死亡人数最多。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“A big storm called Cyclone Mocha hit Myanmar on May 14.(5月14日，一场名为“摩卡”的强风暴袭击了缅甸)”以及最后一段“Early May brought heavy rainfall to the eastern region of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, causing flash flooding and mudslides. (5月初，刚果民主共和国东部地区遭遇强降雨，引发山洪和泥石流)”可知，发生在缅甸和刚果民主共和国的灾难的共同之处是发生在同一个月。故选A。 3．细节理解题。第三段“On November 3, a 5.6-magnitude earthquake named Joy struck western Nepal, resulting in the death of at least 157 people.(11月3日，尼泊尔西部发生5.6级“乔伊”地震，造成至少157人死亡)”可知，Joy造成大约160例死亡。故选D。 Passage 2 （24-25高一上·广东·期末）The 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake, in which tens of thousands of people died and hundreds of thousands injured, was the event that changed everything for China in this field. The 8.0-magnitude quake had presented the most difficult relief (救助) challenges to the country since 1949, leading to a complete review and improvement of the country’s emergency response (应对) capabilities. Since then, preventing and controlling disasters has become a top concern for the Chinese government. For earthquakes, getting an early warning is extremely important. The Chengdu High-tech Disaster Reduction Center found that a three-second early warning can lower the number of the injured by 14%; a ten-second warning, by 39%; a 20-second warning, by 63%. So in the following years China has developed an automatic (自动的) early warning system which can send out warnings to millions of people in China within just two minutes after an earthquake. In 2018, the Chinese government also created the Ministry of Emergency Management, together with civil services, the Red Cross, and the National Fire and Rescue Administration to ensure a round-the-clock emergency response. There are now 27 specialized teams for mountain, water, and air rescues, as well as earthquake relief, and seven teams for helping with international rescue efforts. Whether it is earthquake, typhoon, flood or forest fire, China has an excellent record in post-disaster recovery, as it is able to organize resources from various departments including power, water conservancy and supply, telecommunications and disease control. To reduce the effects of follow-up disasters, these departments would do their parts to repair damaged roads and railways, restore power, water supply, communication and other services to help people get back to normal life. Disaster relief requires the whole society to work together. And China sets an example of how to prevent loss and save lives by putting the people first. 4．How does this text show the importance of early warning systems? A．By using quotes. B．By giving examples. C．By listing numbers. D．By making contrast. 5．Why has the government set up the specialized teams? A．To carry out disaster relief internationally. B．To help the rescue and recovery work. C．To train local people in disaster prevention. D．To handle forest fires more effectively. 6．What can we learn from paragraph 4? A．The effects of follow-up disasters have been reduced. B．A lot of natural disasters have happened in the world. C．Disaster relief needs efforts across various departments. D．Different departments are responsible for building roads and railways. 7．What’s the main idea of this text? A．China has improved disaster response and recovery. B．China has developed an early warning system for earthquakes. C．China organized various departments for post-disaster recovery. D．China has created specialized departments to respond to earthquakes. 【答案】4．C 5．B 6．C 7．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国在灾害应对和恢复方面的改进，包括建立早期预警系统以及专门的救援队伍，以提升应急响应能力。 4．推理判断题。根据第二段“The Chengdu High-tech Disaster Reduction Center found that a three-second early warning can lower the number of the injured by 14%; a ten-second warning, by 39%; a 20-second warning, by 63%.(成都高科技减灾中心发现，三秒钟的预警可以将受伤人数减少14%；10秒警告，39%；20秒的警告，63%)”可知，本文通过列出数据来展示预警系统的重要性。故选C项。 5．细节理解题。根据第三段“In 2018, the Chinese government also created the Ministry of Emergency Management, together with civil services, the Red Cross, and the National Fire and Rescue Administration to ensure a round-the-clock emergency response.(2018年，中国政府还创建了应急管理部，联合民政部门、红十字会及国家消防救援局，确保全天候的应急响应)”以及第四段“Whether it is earthquake, typhoon, flood or forest fire, China has an excellent record in post-disaster recovery, as it is able to organize resources from various departments including power, water conservancy and supply, telecommunications and disease control.(无论是地震、台风、洪水还是森林火灾，中国在灾后恢复方面都有着出色的记录，因为它能够组织电力、水利和供应、电信和疾病控制等各部门的资源)”可知，政府建立专业队伍是为了协助救援和恢复工作。故选B项。 6．细节理解题。根据第四段“To reduce the effects of follow-up disasters, these departments would do their parts to repair damaged roads and railways, restore power, water supply, communication and other services to help people get back to normal life.(为了减少后续灾害的影响，这些部门将尽其所能修复受损的公路和铁路，恢复电力、供水、通信和其他服务，帮助人们恢复正常生活)”可知，灾后救助需要多个部门的共同努力。故选C项。 7．主旨大意题。根据第一段“The 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake, in which tens of thousands of people died and hundreds of thousands injured, was the event that changed everything for China in this field. The 8.0-magnitude quake had presented the most difficult relief (救助) challenges to the country since 1949, leading to a complete review and improvement of the country’s emergency response (应对) capabilities. Since then, preventing and controlling disasters has become a top concern for the Chinese government.(2008年汶川地震造成数万人死亡，数十万人受伤，这一事件改变了中国在这一领域的一切。8.0级地震给该国带来了自1949年以来最困难的救援挑战，导致对该国应急响应能力的全面审查和改进。从那时起，预防和控制灾害就成为中国政府最关心的问题)”以及文章内容可知，文章主要介绍了中国在灾害应对和恢复方面的改进，包括建立早期预警系统以及专门的救援队伍，以提升应急响应能力。故选A项。 Passage 3 （24-25高一上·山东临沂·期末）British fire-fighters are fighting against the worst wildfire they have seen. They called it a “mega-fire”, Eight different fires combined (联合) an hour’s drive north of London. Professor Blair, an environmental research expert at the University of London, said that the wildfires mainly resulted from a combination of drought (干旱), high temperatures, and strong winds. Climate change had also been identified as a contributing factor, with Britain growing hotter and hotter, drier and drier in recent years.   The number of wildfires was well above the long-term average last year, continuing a trend in place since 2022. Several destructive fires have occurred this year. Seventy-five large fires, covering at least six hectares (公顷), were recorded last year, according to analysis of data going back to 2008 by the London School of Economics (LSE). In 2018, 17 large fires were recorded. This increased to 74 in 2020, then 97 in 2021 and 138 a year later. Separate numbers got by Lord Botham, the former England cricketer, show a relevant increase in carbon dioxide emissions (二氧化碳排 放) from wildfires from 294,000 tons in 2019 to 1,363,000 tons in 2023. “While once there would be a big fire year every few years, now it is becoming yearly,” Dr Botham, another professor in environmental geography, told the reporter, “We need to be prepared for more flammable landscapes. This preparation has already started. Professional wildfire teams have been appointed in fire and rescue services up and down the country.” He added that firefighters in Britain were learning from those in Spain, South Africa and the US, which “currently face a fire risk that we might see in the coming decades”. Although the recent ban (禁令) on single-use barbecues in parts of Dorset and Hampshire would help, the limitations should extend to sky lanterns and fireworks (烟花). 8．What caused the fires according to Professor Blair? A．Hot weather and heavy rainfall. B．High temperatures and wet weather. C．Extreme weather and climate change. D．Strong winds and increasing pressure. 9．How does the author tell the terrible results caused by wildfires? A．By giving examples. B．By listing numbers. C．By asking questions. D．By interviewing experts. 10．What can we infer from Dr Botham’s statements? A．Wildfires happened yearly in the past. B．Continual wildfires led to full preparations. C．Firefighters in Britain are better trained than those in Spain. D．Professional wildfire teams will join fire and rescue services. 11．Which has the similar meaning to the underlined word “extend”? A．Enlarge. B．Experiment. C．Relate. D．Explore. 【答案】8．C 9．B 10．B 11．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了英国正面临严重野火，并分析其成因、危害及应对举措，强调问题严峻性与应对必要性。 8．细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Professor Blair, an environmental research expert at the University of London, said that the wildfires mainly resulted from a combination of drought (干旱), high temperatures, and strong winds. Climate change had also been identified as a contributing factor, with Britain growing hotter and hotter, drier and drier in recent years.(伦敦大学的环境研究专家布莱尔教授说，野火主要是由干旱、高温和强风共同作用造成的。气候变化也被认为是一个促成因素，近年来英国变得越来越热、越来越干燥。)”可知，野火是由极端天气（干旱、高温、强风）和气候变化导致的。故选C项。 9．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Several destructive fires have occurred this year. Seventy-five large fires, covering at least six hectares (公顷), were recorded last year, according to analysis of data going back to 2008 by the London School of Economics (LSE). In 2018, 17 large fires were recorded. This increased to 74 in 2020, then 97 in 2021 and 138 a year later. Separate numbers got by Lord Botham, the former England cricketer, show a relevant increase in carbon dioxide emissions (二氧化碳排放) from wildfires from 294,000 tons in 2019 to 1,363,000 tons in 2023.(今年发生了几起毁灭性的火灾。根据伦敦经济学院（LSE）对 2008 年以来数据的分析，去年记录了 75 起大面积火灾，面积至少为 6 公顷。2018 年，记录了 17 起大面积火灾。2020 年增加到 74 起，2021 年增加到 97 起，一年后增加到 138 起。前英格兰板球运动员博瑟姆勋爵得到的另一组数据显示，野火造成的二氧化碳排放量从 2019 年的 29.4 万吨增加到 2023 年的 136.3 万吨。)” 可知，作者通过列举不同年份火灾的数量以及二氧化碳排放量的数字，来说明野火造成的可怕后果。故选B项。 10．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“‘While once there would be a big fire year every few years, now it is becoming yearly, ’ Dr Botham, another professor in environmental geography, told the reporter, ‘We need to be prepared for more flammable landscapes. This preparation has already started. Professional wildfire teams have been appointed in fire and rescue services up and down the country.’(环境地理学的另一位教授博瑟姆博士告诉记者：‘曾经每隔几年就会有一次大火灾年，现在每年都在发生。我们需要为更多易燃的环境做好准备。这种准备已经开始了。全国各地的消防和救援部门都已经任命了专业的野火扑救队伍’。)”可知 ，由于野火不断发生，所以人们开始做充分的准备，比如任命专业的野火扑救队伍。故选B项。 11．词句猜测题。根据最后一段“Although the recent ban ( 禁令) on single-use barbecues in parts of Dorset and Hampshire would help, the limitations should extend to sky lanterns and fireworks (烟花).(尽管最近在多塞特郡和汉普郡的部分地区对一次性烧烤的禁令会有所帮助，但这些限制应该 到孔明灯和烟花。)”中to sky lanterns and fireworks可知，这里指将禁令扩大到孔明灯和烟花，推测extend表示“扩大”的意思，与A选项Enlarge意思相近。故选A项。 Passage 4 （24-25高一上·河南新乡·期末）Southern California’s firefighters worked tirelessly on Saturday to put out a wildfire that has destroyed more than 100 buildings as strong winds calmed down and the weather was expected to stay good for the weekend. Evacuation orders were downgraded to warnings for people in several areas of Ventura County, where the mountain fire held at around 83 square kilometers and 21% of it was under control. Firefighters were aided by lighter winds, mild temperatures and low humidity (湿度), which let fuels dry out and burn off quickly, according to the National Weather Service. “We had a very successful day on the fire that broke out 3 days ago with the favorable (有利的) weather,” Ventura County Fire Department Battalion Chief Nick Cleary said on Saturday. “The fire got worse with the arrival of dry, warm and strong northeast Santa Ana winds, forcing thousands of people to evacuate and putting 3,500 buildings in danger around the community of Camarillo. More than100 buildings were destroyed and another 25 damaged,” fire officials said on Saturday after working teams fanned out to check the damage. It was reported that the damage would be at $2.4 million. Smoky air hung over the area and was expected to stay there for several days. Weather conditions would remain favorable on Sunday and Monday with low temperatures and an onshore light wind. Another round of northeast winds was expected on Tuesday, but humidity was expected to rise and winds were not expected to get as high as those that fanned the fire. The area northwest of Los Angeles has seen some of California’s most destructive fires over the years. The mountain fire burgeoned from less than 1.2 square kilometers to more than 41 square kilometers in little more than five hours on Wednesday, with winds topping 98 kph. The governor of California has announced a state of emergency in Ventura County. 12．What can we know about the fire in Ventura County? A．It wasn’t as strong as expected. B．It didn’t do much damage. C．It has been partly controlled. D．It has been completely put out. 13．When did the mountain fire start? A．On Sunday. B．On Saturday. C．On Wednesday. D．On Monday. 14．What does the underlined word “burgeoned” in the last paragraph mean? A．Stopped suddenly. B．Grew quickly. C．Appeared formally. D．Developed successfully. 15．What is the text? A．A news report. B．A short story. C．A work plan. D．A research article. 【答案】12．C 13．C 14．B 15．A 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了南加州的消防员在周末扑灭了一场摧毁一百多栋建筑的火灾。 12．细节理解题。根据第一段“Evacuation orders were downgraded to warnings for people in several areas of Ventura County, where the mountain fire held at around 83 square kilometers and 21% of it was under control.(文图拉县几个地区的疏散令被降级为警告，那里的山火面积约为83平方公里，21%的地区得到了控制)”可知，部分火势已得到控制。故选C。 13．细节理解题。根据第一段“Southern California’s firefighters worked tirelessly on Saturday to put out a wildfire that has destroyed more than 100 buildings as strong winds calmed down and the weather was expected to stay good for the weekend.(周六，南加州的消防队员不知疲倦地扑灭了一场野火，这场野火已经摧毁了100多座建筑，强风逐渐平息，预计周末天气将保持良好)”以及第二段““We had a very successful day on the fire that broke out 3 days ago with the favorable (有利的) weather,” Ventura County Fire Department Battalion Chief Nick Cleary said on Saturday.(文图拉县消防部门营长尼克·克利里周六表示：“我们在3天前爆发的大火中度过了非常成功的一天，天气很好。”)”可知，该火灾发生在三天前，即发生在周三。故选C。 14．词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“from less than 1.2 square kilometers to more than 41 square kilometers in little more than five hours(在5个多小时内从不足1.2平方公里扩大到超过41平方公里)”可知，五个多小时的时间里，火灾面积从不到1.2平方公里猛增到41平方公里以上。由此可知，划线词burgeoned意为“迅速发展”。故选B。 15．推理判断题。根据第一段“Southern California’s firefighters worked tirelessly on Saturday to put out a wildfire that has destroyed more than 100 buildings as strong winds calmed down and the weather was expected to stay good for the weekend.(周六，南加州的消防队员不知疲倦地扑灭了一场野火，这场野火已经摧毁了100多座建筑，强风逐渐平息，预计周末天气将保持良好)”结合下文对火势控制、起火时间、影响范围等的具体介绍推知，本文属于新闻报道。故选A。 Passage 5 （24-25高一上·重庆·期末）Scientists say they’ve discovered an earthquake-like event that can happen during a hurricane or other storms. Researchers called it a “stormquake” after studying events caused by earthquakes on the sea floor during such storms. Strong energy from hurricanes and serious storms can create very large waves in the ocean. “These waves then interact in some places with solid earth under the sea to cause intense seismic (地震的) source activity,” said the leader researcher Fan, a professor at Florida State University, “The exciting part is that seismic sources caused by hurricanes can last for hours or even days.” The researchers found evidence (证据) of more than 10,000 stormquakes in coastal areas of the U.S. and Canada, which have happened around sea floors containing flat land and at lower depths. But it was not known until recently that such events even existed. This is mainly because scientists studying earthquakes had generally considered ocean-caused seismic waves as “background noise”. The research found major U.S. hurricanes had produced a lot of stormquakes. One example was Hurricane Bill in 2009 in the Atlantic Ocean, causing about 300 stormquakes as it moved north. But no such activity was recorded in areas along the U.S. East Coast. The team noted that even Hurricane Sandy, one of the biggest storms in U.S. history, did not cause a single stormquake. Fan says this suggests that stormquakes are strongly influenced by the physical shape of the seafloor’s surface and seafloor conditions. Fan added that there are still “lots of unknowns” about stormquakes. But he said discovering them “suggests we are reaching a new level of understanding seismic waves”. He hopes the discovery will lead to improved study methods for hurricanes, which in the past were mainly observed from satellites in the sky. “Now we are able to understand it - or at least track part of its route - through the solid earth as well,” he said. 16．What is the characteristic of a stormquake according to this passage? A．Being seasonal. B．Being unexpected. C．Being long-lasting. D．Being global. 17．Why were stormquakes unknown to science before? A．Because they were ignored by scientists. B．Because they were hardly seen on the Earth. C．Because they were similar to common earthquakes. D．Because they generally happened in deep sea floors. 18．What message is conveyed in Paragraph 4? A．All hurricanes don’t lead to stormquakes. B．Stormquakes happen more along the East Coast. C．Stormquakes influence the sea floor’s conditions. D．Stronger hurricanes produce bigger stormquakes. 19．What is the significance of the discovery? A．Helping to predict an earthquake more exactly. B．Offering a different view on hurricane researches. C．Suggesting the richness of the seismic wave field. D．Preventing possible hurricanes and lessening losses. 【答案】16．C 17．A 18．A 19．B 【导语】本文是篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种类似地震的自然现象——“风暴地震”，介绍了其形成过程、特点和影响其形成的条件，这一发现有助于改进飓风研究方法。 16．细节理解题。根据第二段“The exciting part is that seismic sources caused by hurricanes can last for hours or even days. (令人兴奋的是，飓风引起的震源可以持续数小时甚至数天。)”可知，风暴地震的显著特征是持续时间长。故选C。 17．推理判断题。根据第三段中“This is mainly because scientists studying earthquakes have generally considered ocean-caused seismic waves as ‘background noise’. (这主要是因为研究地震的科学家通常认为海洋地震波是‘背景噪音’。)”可知，以前的科学对风暴地震一无所知，是因为他们曾经被科学家当成“背景噪音”忽视了。故选A。 18．细节理解题。根据第四段中“The team noted that even Hurricane Sandy, one of the most costly storms in U.S. history, did not cause a single stormquake. Fan says this suggests that stormquakes are strongly influenced by the physical shape of the seafloor’s surface and seafloor conditions. (研究小组指出，即使是飓风桑迪，美国历史上最严重的风暴之一，也没有造成风暴地震。Fan说，这说明风暴地震的形成受海底表面物理形状和海底条件的影响很大。)”可推知，并不是所有的飓风都带来风暴地震。故选A。 19．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“He hopes the discovery will lead to improved study methods for hurricanes, which in the past have mainly been observed from satellites in the sky. (他希望这一发现将有助于改进研究飓风的方法，过去主要是通过空中卫星观测飓风。)”可知，这个发现的意义是为研究飓风提供了另一个角度。故选B。 Passage 6 California saw a strong heatwave this year and it led to a series of wildfires. As husband, Joe, and two sons were trapped in the wildfire, wife and mother, Lisa Ebright, waited for their safe return. While Joe and his two sons, Dominic and David, were out camping on their Labor Day trip that had become a sort of family tradition, they were trapped in the area by the Creek Fire. When they first learned the wildfires spreading in their direction, Joe said no smoke could be seen in the surrounding areas. They decided to go to sleep and leave in the morning. In the meantime, the wildfires spread quickly throughout the night and in the morning, the family found that the area they were in was surrounded by thick smoke. Joe said to the reporters that, at that time, they didn’t know exactly how big the fire was nor its exact location. Because they had no way of communicating during that period, Lisa was up all night waiting for their return. Luckily, this family’s story ended happily with a reunion (团聚). However, the California wildfires are ongoing and millions of acres of land have already fallen victim to this disaster (灾难). The Creek Fire trapped hundreds of campers near the Mammoth Pool Reservoir. Joe explained that he was concerned about his wife, Lisa, waiting for their return without a way to communicate with them. He also said that they could not know how serious the wildfires were until they came back home, seeing on TV news reports and how the situation was affecting lots of families. 20．How were Joe and his two sons trapped by wildfires? A．They lived near mountains. B．They went out to put out fires. C．They went out for a family tradition. D．They caused a fire by accident when camping. 21．Why did Joe decide to sleep out when fires were coming in their direction? A．He didn’t know fires broke out. B．He lost his way in the evening. C．His wife told him it was safe. D．He thought it was safe then. 22．How did Joe know the fires were serious? A．By watching news reports. B．By seeing the fires himself. C．Through other campers. D．Through his wife. 23．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Joe escaped from fires bravely B．A family reunited after wildfires C．Wildfires affected many families D．Serious fires broke out in California 【答案】20．C 21．D 22．A 23．B 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲述的是加利福尼亚州遭遇强烈热浪引发的一系列野火事件，其中重点描述了一个家庭——丈夫Joe和他的两个儿子在劳动节露营时遭遇Creek Fire被困，而妻子Lisa则焦急等待他们平安归来的故事。 20．细节理解题。根据第二段“While Joe and his two sons, Dominic and David, were out camping on their Labor Day trip that had become a sort of family tradition, they were trapped in the area by the Creek Fire.(在劳动节假期，Joe带着两个儿子外出露营，这本是他们家的一种传统。然而，他们却遭遇了Creek Fire，被困在了当地。)”可知，Joe和他的两个儿子是参加家庭传统活动时被野火困住了。故选C。 21．细节理解题。根据第二段“When they first learned the wildfires spreading in their direction, Joe said no smoke could be seen in the surrounding areas. They decided to go to sleep and leave in the morning.(当他们第一次得知野火向他们的方向蔓延时，Joe说周围地区没有看到烟雾。他们决定先睡一觉，明早再走。)”可知，当大火朝他们的方向逼近时，Joe决定先睡一觉，是因为他觉得那是安全的。故选D。 22．细节理解题。根据最后一段“He also said that they could not know how serious the wildfires were until they came back home, seeing on TV news reports and how the situation was affecting lots of families.(他还说，他们直到回家后在电视新闻报道中看到野火的严重情况，以及这场灾难给许多家庭带来的影响，才意识到火势的严峻。)”可知，Joe通过看新闻报道知道火灾很严重。故选A。 23．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“As husband, Joe, and two sons were trapped in the wildfire, wife and mother, Lisa Ebright, waited for their safe return.(当丈夫乔和两个儿子被困在大火中时，妻子和母亲Lisa Ebright等待着他们的安全归来。)”和最后一段“Luckily, this family’s story ended happily with a reunion (团聚).(幸运的是，这个家庭的故事以团圆而圆满结束。)”可知，本文主要讲的是加利福尼亚州遭遇强烈热浪引发的一系列野火事件，其中重点描述了一个家庭——丈夫Joe和他的两个儿子在劳动节露营时遭遇Creek Fire被困，而妻子Lisa则焦急等待他们平安归来的故事，因此最恰当的标题是B选项“A family reunited after wildfires(一个家庭在野火后团聚)”。故选B。 Passage 7 Being able to know an earthquake before it happens is the final goal for seismologists (地震学家) around the world. Now, thanks to cellphone technology, that goal has become a reality. The United States Geological Survey has created an earthquake early warning system, ShakeAlert, a phone app that can tell its users an incoming earthquake. The app gets its data from two places. The first is more than 700 machines that detect (检测) the shaking in the earth located throughout the United States. The second is user information from phones. All phones have devices which detect when a phone is being moved. When all the data from all the phone users in a given area is gathered, the app can find out when an earthquake is about to happen, and send out warning via radio waves. Radio waves are quicker than seismic waves. Though the early warning system is very useful, it is not a complete solution. As National Geographic reports, the warning for most people will come only a few seconds before the quake hits, and people close to the origin of the quake will get almost no warning at all. Forecasting (预测) earthquakes is still a very young field. “Like weather forecasting 100 years ago,” said Zhe Jia, a geophysicist, “there is still a long way to go before we can forecast earthquakes as well as we can forecast weather today.” Still, having these systems in place is a step forward. Having even a few seconds’ warning to take shelter in the event of an earthquake can mean the difference between injury and health, life and death. 24．What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us about the app? A．Its main benefits. B．Its working process. C．Its user guide. D．Its user information. 25．What is Zhe Jia’s opinion about forecasting earthquakes? A．It has a long way to go. B．It is achievable very soon. C．It has taken a big step. D．It is as good as weather forecasting. 26．What is the author’s attitude to the early warning system? A．Concerned. B．Curious. C．Disappointed. D．Supportive. 27．What is the main idea of the text? A．The harm of earthquakes. B．An earthquake warning system. C．The goal of seismologists. D．Tips on preventing earthquakes. 【答案】24．B 25．A 26．D 27．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一个地震预警系统ShakeAlert，它是一个可以告诉用户即将发生地震的手机应用程序。 24．主旨大意题。根据第二段的描述“When all the data from all the phone users in a given area is gathered, the app can find out when an earthquake is about to happen, and send out warning via radio waves. Radio waves are quicker than seismic waves.(当收集到特定地区所有手机用户的所有数据后，该应用程序可以发现地震即将发生的时间，并通过无线电波发出警报。无线电波比地震波快)”可知，本段主要介绍了这个应用程序的工作过程。故选B。 25．推理判断题。根据第三段中“there is still a long way to go before we can forecast earthquakes as well as we can forecast weather today.(我们要像预测今天的天气那样预测地震，还有很长的路要走)”可知，地球物理学家Zhe Jia认为预测地震还有很长的路要走。故选A。 26．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Still, having these systems in place is a step forward. Having even a few seconds’ warning to take shelter in the event of an earthquake can mean the difference between injury and health, life and death.(尽管如此，拥有这些系统是向前迈出的一步。在地震发生时，哪怕有几秒钟的预警时间躲起来，也可能意味着受伤与健康、生与死的区别)”可知，作者对于这个早期地震预警系统持支持态度。故选D。 27．主旨大意题。根据全文描述，结合第一段中“The United States Geological Survey has created an earthquake early warning system, ShakeAlert, a phone app that can tell its users an incoming earthquake.(美国地质调查局创建了一个地震预警系统ShakeAlert，这是一个可以告诉用户即将发生地震的手机应用程序)”可知，本文主要介绍了一个地震预警系统ShakeAlert，一个可以告诉用户即将发生地震的手机应用程序，让监测地震成为现实。故选B。 Passage 8 （24-25高一上·河北·阶段练习）As the temperature continues to rise because of global (全球的) warming, some of this increased heat goes into the oceans, which leads to the rising of sea levels and raises temperatures at the sea surface. Scientists expect that rising sea surface temperatures could produce an increasing number of hurricanes while making them stronger than previous ones. Globally, it is uncertain whether global warming is creating more of these storms. However, there are signs of change in some areas, such as the North Atlantic. A close look at hurricane records from 1980 to 2022 shows that hurricane activity is increasing in the North Atlantic. An analysis shows that the number of hurricanes is going upward, and so is the number of major hurricanes, which have winds of 178 kilometers per hour or more. Of these years, the 2005 North Atlantic hurricane season stands out, as it had 15 hurricanes, of which 7 became major hurricanes. However, this increase is still a normal change. Many of these increases are caused by the arrival of El Niño (厄尔尼诺现象) in the Pacific Ocean — a climate phenomenon that has an effect on hurricane development in the North Atlantic. Are scientists at a point where they can argue confidently that hurricane activity is increasing? Or that global warming is causing an increase in hurricane activity? Right now the answer to both of these questions is no. Global and local hurricane records show that the increase in hurricanes in the North Atlantic does not appear in many of the other hurricane-producing areas. In fact, hurricane activity in some areas has even reduced over the same period. What’s more, there is no sign that the increase in the North Atlantic will continue. While climate science goes on studying how El Niño affects global warming, research continues to suggest that a warming ocean makes hurricanes more and more likely. However, whether these hypotheses (假说) will be proved correct remains to be seen. 28．What can we infer about the increase of hurricanes from this passage? A．It will cause sea level to rise. B．It may be a local phenomenon. C．It results in warmer sea surface. D．It often creates disastrous storms. 29．How do scientists do their research on hurricane increasing? A．By doing field observation. B．By making close observation. C．By analyzing old records. D．By grouping different hurricanes. 30．What might the follow-up research focus on? A．The direct cause of hurricanes on the Atlantic Ocean. B．The reason for the change in the number of hurricanes. C．The relationship between sea temperature and El Niño. D．The relationship between hurricanes and warming ocean. 31．What can be the best title of this text? A．Will Global Warming Be Controlled? B．Will Human Beings Face More Dangers? C．Are Hurricanes Spreading Elsewhere? D．Is the Number of Hurricanes Increasing? 【答案】28．B 29．C 30．D 31．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了全球变暖背景下，飓风活动是否增加以及其原因的科学研究和争议。 28．推理判断题。根据第四段中“Global and local hurricane records show that the increase in hurricanes in the North Atlantic does not appear in many of the other hurricane-producing areas. In fact, hurricane activity in some areas has even reduced over the same period.(全球和当地的飓风记录显示，北大西洋飓风的增加并没有出现在许多其他产生飓风的地区。事实上，在同一时期，一些地区的飓风活动甚至有所减少)”可知，北大西洋飓风的增加并没有在全球范围内普遍出现，由此可推断出，飓风的增加可能是一种局部现象。故选B项。 29．细节理解题。根据第二段中“A close look at hurricane records from 1980 to 2022 shows that hurricane activity is increasing in the North Atlantic. An analysis shows that the number of hurricanes is going upward, and so is the number of major hurricanes, which have winds of 178 kilometers per hour or more.(仔细查看1980年至2022年的飓风记录显示，北大西洋的飓风活动正在增加。一项分析显示，飓风的数量正在上升，强大飓风(风速达到或超过每小时178公里)的数量也在上升)”可知，科学家们是通过分析过去的飓风记录来研究飓风增加的。故选C项。 30．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“While climate science goes on studying how El Niño affects global warming, research continues to suggest that a warming ocean makes hurricanes more and more likely. However, whether these hypotheses (假说) will be proved correct remains to be seen.(尽管气候科学仍在研究厄尔尼诺现象如何影响全球变暖，但研究不断表明，海洋变暖使飓风发生的可能性越来越大。然而，这些假说是否会被证明是正确的，仍有待观察)”可知，后续的研究可能会继续关注海洋变暖和飓风之间的关系。故选D项。 31．主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段中“Scientists expect that rising sea surface temperatures could produce an increasing number of hurricanes while making them stronger than previous ones. Globally, it is uncertain whether global warming is creating more of these storms.(科学家预计，上升的海表面温度可能会导致产生越来越多的飓风，同时使这些飓风比以前的更强。然而，从全球范围来看，全球变暖是否正在制造更多的此类风暴仍不确定)”可知，文章开篇提到全球变暖可能使飓风数量增加等情况，接着围绕北大西洋飓风活动的增减情况以及科学界对于飓风数量是否真的在增加等相关问题进行探讨，一直在围绕飓风数量是否增加这一核心话题展开论述。所以最佳标题应该是“Is the Number of Hurricanes Increasing?(飓风的数量在增加吗？)”。故选D项。 Passage 9 （24-25高一上·广东江门·阶段练习）It was February 2023, and Tropical Cyclone Gabrielle had been hitting New Zealand for days. While I was making breakfast for my husband Matty and my son Morgan, the power suddenly went out. Looking out the window, I saw a sea of dirty chocolate brown. In 20 minutes, our front yard was underwater. We put old clothes under the door to stop the water, but it didn’t work. Morgan lives with autism (自闭症) and didn’t understand what was happening. Within 45 minutes, floodwater moved quickly into our home. ‘We have to get Morgan up on the roof ( 房顶) !’ Matty said. As we held the ladder steady (把梯子扶稳) , Morgan carefully climbed up onto the wet roof. ‘Keep dry with your umbrella!’ I told my boy. With Morgan on the roof, Matty and I tried to put valuable things onto higher levels. The water was now higher. ‘Get on the roof!’ Matty shouted. With Matty holding the ladder steady, I made my way up. With the water reaching up to Matty’s neck, the ladder was carried away by it. I tried my best to pull him up. We could see our neighbours about 40 metres away on their roof. ‘Are we going to die, Mum?’ Morgan cried. ‘We will be okay. We just have to wait it out,’ I said. Far away I could hear helicopters. I waved hard, but no one was coming for us. Finally, at 2:30 pm, I noticed a bar of reception (一格信号) on my phone. Madly calling 911, I said, ‘We need someone now!’ An hour later, a helicopter landed in the middle of the roof, and we all carefully climbed in. The floodwaters went down, and a few days later, Matty and I visited our house. It looked terrible and smelled awful. We were able to get back a few things, such as Matty’s bikes. Three weeks later, we found a new place to live. We didn’t have much but felt so glad to be alive. 32．What happened around breakfast time? A．The electricity failed. B．The window was broken. C．The strong wind weakened. D．The sea nearby kept rising. 33．What did the author do after getting Morgan on the roof? A．She dried her valuable things. B．She went back to get an umbrella. C．She positioned the ladder in a different place. D．She moved some prized things to safer places. 34．What can we say about the author on the roof? A．She showed care for her neighbours. B．She asked for help actively. C．She got completely lost. D．She calmed herself. 35．How did the author feel after the flood? A．Regretful. B．Surprised. C．Lucky. D．Tired. 【答案】32．A 33．D 34．B 35．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章作者一家人在热带气旋导致的洪水灾害中的经历，包括洪水来袭时的紧急应对措施、在屋顶等待救援的紧张过程以及灾后重建生活的情景。 32．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“While I was making breakfast for my husband Matty and my son Morgan, the power suddenly went out.(当我正在为丈夫Matty和儿子Morgan做早餐时，突然停电了)”可知，早餐时间发生了电力故障。故选A。 33．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“With Morgan on the roof, Matty and I tried to put valuable things onto higher levels.(Morgan上了屋顶后，Matty和我试着把贵重物品放到更高的地方)”可知，作者把Morgan弄到屋顶上之后，把一些珍贵的东西搬到了更安全的地方。故选D。 34．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Far away I could hear helicopters. I waved hard, but no one was coming for us. Finally, at 2:30 pm, I noticed a bar of reception (一格信号) on my phone. Madly calling 911, I said, ‘We need someone now! ’ An hour later, a helicopter landed in the middle of the roof, and we all carefully climbed in.(远处，我能听到直升机的声音。我使劲挥手，但没有人过来救我们。终于，在下午2点30分，我注意到手机上有一格信号。我疯狂地拨打911，说：“我们现在需要人救援！”一个小时后，一架直升机降落在屋顶中央，我们小心翼翼地爬了进去)”可知，作者在屋顶的时候积极寻求帮助。故选B。 35．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Three weeks later, we found a new place to live. We didn't have much but felt so glad to be alive.(三个星期后，我们找到了一个新住处。我们虽然没什么财产，但能活下来就感到很庆幸)”可知，作者一家三周后在别处找到了住处，虽然他们没什么财产，但能活下来就感到很庆幸，这说明作者感到幸运。故选C。 Passage 10 Last September, a strange seismic signal (地震信号), lasting more than a week, attracted the attention of researchers around the world. It took 68 experts from 15 countries to discover the cause of the “USO” -Unidentified Seismic Object. The term USO is used informally by scientists for unusual seismic signals that can’t be explained, according to Kristian Svennevig, the lead author of a new report on this signal. From the start, scientists agreed this signal was not from an earthquake. Svennevig compared earthquakes to hitting piano keys with force, creating a mix of sounds that disappeared quickly. However, the unusual signal was like a single piano key producing a clear sound that lasted for nine days. Researchers tracked the signal to a huge snowslide in eastern Greenland’s Dickson fjord (峡湾), which was formed by melting (融化) ice due to climate change. Some 1.2 kilometers above the fjord, a mountaintop fell, driving more than 25 million cubic meters of rock and ice into the water-enough to fill 10,000 Olympic-sized swimming pools. The resulting tsunami (海啸) reached a height of 200 meters. The wave’s energy was caught in the rocky fjord, causing the water to move back and forth. This movement created the seismic signal. Svennevig noted that understanding this event took time. Even when they had ideas about what happened, they needed more information and improved models to support their findings. “We could only show that the tsunami was caught and kept moving inside the fjord for nine days after we used special army maps and improved our tsunami models,” Svennevig explained. To the researchers, the signal served as a wakeup call-similar events may happen with landfalls in other fjords or lakes due to climate change, which could lead to more landfalls and tsunamis in the Arctic. Understanding this event helps scientists learn more about how the Earth is changing due to global warming. There is still much to discover as we face the effects of climate change. 36．Why did Svennevig mention piano keys? A．To explain the strange signal. B．To introduce a musical instrument. C．To compare the sounds in nature. D．To give tips on playing the piano. 37．What caused the seismic signal? A．A wildfire. B．A snowslide. C．A heavy rain. D．An earthquake. 38．What can we know from Svennevig’s words? A．It’ll take much time to receive the seismic signal. B．It’s slow for scientists to find an answer to the event. C．A group of scientists was caught in the deadly tsunami. D．The researchers will make public the recent finding soon. 39．What does the author stress in the text? A．Landfalls always happen along with tsunamis. B．Scientists should keep an open mind on opinions. C．This event may shape our view on various cultures. D．The signal gives us fair warning of climate change. 【答案】36．A 37．B 38．B 39．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是受气候变化影响，格陵兰岛东部迪克森峡湾的一次巨大雪崩，从而产生了地震信号。 36．推理判断题。由文章第三段“Svennevig compared earthquakes to hitting piano keys with force, creating a mix of sounds that disappeared quickly. However, the unusual signal was like a single piano key producing a clear sound that lasted for nine days.(Svennevig将地震比作用力敲击钢琴键，创造出一种很快消失的混合声音。然而，这个不寻常的信号就像一个钢琴琴键发出的清晰声音，持续了九天。)”可知，Svennevig提到钢琴琴键来解释这个奇怪的信号。故选A项。 37．细节理解题。与文章第四段“Researchers tracked the signal to a huge snowslide in eastern Greenland’s Dickson fjord (峡湾), which was formed by melting (融化) ice due to climate change. Some 1.2 kilometers above the fjord, a mountaintop fell, driving more than 25 million cubic meters of rock and ice into the water-enough to fill 10,000 Olympic-sized swimming pools.(研究人员将信号追踪到格陵兰岛东部迪克森峡湾的一场巨大雪崩，这场雪崩是由气候变化导致的冰川融化形成的。在峡湾上方约1.2公里处，一座山顶坍塌，将2500多万立方米的岩石和冰块冲入水中，足以填满1万个奥运会标准游泳池。)”可知，格陵兰岛东部迪克森峡湾的一场巨大雪崩引发了这种异常的地震信号。故选B项。 38．推理判断题。由文章倒数第二段“Svennevig noted that understanding this event took time. Even when they had ideas about what happened, they needed more information and improved models to support their findings. (Svennevig指出，理解这一事件需要时间。即使他们对发生的事情有想法，他们也需要更多的信息和改进的模型来支持他们的发现。)”可知，科学家们需要更多的信息和改进的模型来支持他们的发现，由此可推断，科学家们要找到这一事件的答案很缓慢。故选B项。 39．推理判断题。由文章最后一段“To the researchers, the signal served as a wakeup call-similar events may happen with landfalls in other fjords or lakes due to climate change, which could lead to more landfalls and tsunamis in the Arctic. Understanding this event helps scientists learn more about how the Earth is changing due to global warming. There is still much to discover as we face the effects of climate change.(对于研究人员来说，这个信号是一个警钟，由于气候变化，其他峡湾或湖泊的登陆也可能发生类似的事件，这可能会导致北极更多的登陆和海啸。了解这一事件有助于科学家更多地了解地球如何因全球变暖而变化。面对气候变化的影响，我们仍有许多发现。)”可知，作者强调，这一信号是为我们提供了气候变化的警告。故选D项。 Passage 11 （24-25高一上·江苏苏州·阶段练习）What would you do if this happened to you? Imagine that you are a man working in your cornfield. You hear deep, long, continuous noises, which sound like thunder, but are unusually frightening. You look up, but the sky is clear. Suddenly, you feel vibrations (振动) under your feet. The next thing you know, a crack (裂缝) opens up in the ground right before you. It gives off an awful smell — like bad eggs. Then, to your shock, the ground moves upward. A volcano (火山) is being born right before your eyes! This sounds like a made-up story, but it actually happened to a man named Dionisio Pulido in 1943. He lived with his wife near the village of Paricutin, about 200 miles from Mexico City. Mr. Pulido watched smoky dust rise from the crack in the field. He and his family escaped to Paricutin. Within just 24 hours, material from the crack moved upward and created a hill — like object 164 feet high! For the next few days, the Earth sent tons of material to the surface. A soup — like mixture of dust and rock had begun to rain down on the village. But the volcano that formed in a cornfield was just getting started. Its power grew. A stream of lava (熔岩) began to make its way to Paricutin. Luckily, it took four months to reach the village. This allowed the people to escape in time. They went to the larger village nearby, but in a few weeks found that they had to escape from there as well. In the next few months, all that was left of these villages were two church towers sticking out of the tons of lava. The Paricutin volcano was active for the next nine years. Then, almost as suddenly as it began, the eruption (喷发) stopped. What was once Dionisio Pulido’s cornfield was now a 1,400 foot-high mountain. 40．What were the earliest worrying signs found by Pulido? A．Unusual sounds. B．Thick clouds. C．Awful smells. D．Strong vibrations. 41．What happened a few days after the Pulidos escaped to Paricutin? A．The crack became much smaller. B．Dust began to come out of the crack. C．The volcano began to show its power. D．It rained heavily in Paricutin. 42．What do we know about the lava coming out of the volcano? A．It moved very fast. B．It covered two villages. C．It killed hundreds of villagers. D．It remained active for several weeks. 43．What is the text mainly about? A．A volcano born in a cornfield. B．A man living next to a large volcano. C．An active volcano having existed for ten years. D．An awful dust storm happening near a volcano. 【答案】40．A 41．C 42．B 43．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。1943年的一天，墨西哥的一块玉米田里突然形成了一座火山。 40．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“You hear deep, long, continuous noises, which sound like thunder, but are unusually frightening. (你会听到低沉、漫长、连续的声音，听起来像雷声，但异常可怕。)”可知，Pulido 最早发觉的不好的迹象是奇怪的声音。故选A项。 41．推理判断题。根据第三段“Mr. Pulido watched smoky dust rise from the crack in the field. He and his family escaped to Paricutin. Within just 24 hours, material from the crack moved upward and created a hill—like object 164 feet high! For the next few days, the Earth sent tons of material to the surface. A soup—like mixture of dust and rock had begun to rain down on the village. But the volcano that formed in a cornfield was just getting started. Its power grew.(Pulido先生看着烟尘从田野的缝隙中升起。他和他的家人逃到了帕里科廷。在短短24小时内，裂缝中的物质向上移动，形成了一个164英尺高的山状物体！在接下来的几天里，地球向地表输送了大量物质。一股由灰尘和岩石混合而成的汤状混合物开始像雨点一样落在村子里。但在玉米田中形成的火山才刚刚开始。它的力量增长了。)”可知，在Pulido一家逃到帕里库廷村的几天之后，该火山就开始显示出了它的威力。故选C项。 42．推理判断题。根据第四段中的“In the next few months, all that was left of these villages were two church towers sticking out of the tons of lava.(在接下来的几个月里，这些村庄只剩下两座从数吨熔岩中伸出的教堂塔楼。)”以及上下文可推知，该火山喷射出的岩浆吞没了两个村庄(帕里库廷村和它附近的一个大村庄)。故选B项。 43．主旨大意题。通读全文特别是最后一段“The Paricutin volcano was active for the next nine years. Then, almost as suddenly as it began, the eruption(喷发) stopped. What was once Dionisio Pulido’s cornfield was now a 1,400 foot — high mountain.(帕里科廷火山在接下来的九年里一直处于活动状态。然后，几乎和开始时一样突然，火山爆发停止了。曾经是Dionisio Pulido的玉米地，现在是一座1400英尺高的山。)”可知，本文讲述了帕里库廷火山于1943年在墨西哥的一块玉米田里形成的过程，所以A项A volcano born in a cornfield.(一座生于玉米地的火山。)最符合文意。故选A项。 Passage 12 （24-25高一上·湖南衡阳·阶段练习）A powerful earthquake hit Morocco on Friday night. The earthquake struck around 11 p.m. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) says that the earthquake had a magnitude of 6.8. But Morocco’s earthquake center recorded the earthquake was almost twice as strong. The quake was one of the most powerful ever recorded in Morocco. It was also the country’s deadliest earthquake in over 60 years. The earthquake is reported to have killed over 2,680 people so far. It has injured over 2,500 others. The earthquake was extremely dangerous because it happened at night. Marrakesh is a big city that’s popular with tourists. Many of its modern buildings seem to have survived the earthquake. But the old part of the city, called Medina, was hard hit. Medina has buildings that are over 1,000 years old. Outside of Marrakesh, the earth quake caused even more damage. In the Atlas Mountains, the earthquake’s center, there were many small villages. Some villages were nearly destroyed. Many of the people in the area live in simple houses made of mud bricks. This is a traditional way of building in Могоcco. But they are not strong enough to protect against earthquakes. Many of these houses collapsed. Some of the bricks turned to sand. Rescue workers have been working hard to save those affected by the quake. In larger cities, rescue efforts seem to be going well. But it has taken a lot longer for help to reach far areas in the mountains. Many of these villages are difficult to get to. The earthquake caused landslides, blocking roads and making these places even more difficult to reach. In some areas, telephone and electrical service were also knocked out, leaving these places completely cut off. That means that the local people in some areas far away have had to deal with the situation on their own. But more help is coming. Some countries have offered teams of experts; others have offered emergency supplies. 44．Why was the earthquake in Morocco especially dangerous according to the text? A．It was the strongest on record. B．There were too many tourists there. C．The buildings there were all too old. D．It happened when people were asleep. 45．What does the underlined word “collapsed” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．Built up. B．Fell down. C．Lasted long. D．Stood still. 46．What is Paragraph 5 mainly about? A．Causes of the earthquake. B．Terrible sights after the earthquake. C．Difficulties met with in rescuing. D．Survivors’ efforts to rebuild the city. 47．In which part of a website can the text appear? A．Culture. B．Society. C．Environment. D．Travel. 【答案】44．D 45．B 46．C 47．B 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了在摩洛哥发生的一场强震，此次地震造成了严重损失。震中位置偏远，给救援工作带来不便，当地人民进行自救，外界救援也在赶来。 44． 细节理解题。根据第二段中“The earthquake was extremely dangerous because it happened at night. ( 这次地震非常危险，因为它发生在夜间)”可知，地震极其危险是因为发生在晚上，这是人们睡觉的时间。故选D项。 45．词句猜测题。根据第三段画线词前“But they are not strong enough to protect against earthquakes.( 但它的强度不足以抵御地震)”和画线词后“Some of the bricks turned to sand.( 一些砖块变成了沙子)”可知，画线词所在句子应该意为“许多房屋都倒塌了”。故画线词词义与B项“倒塌”意思一致。故选B项。 46．主旨大意题。根据第五段内容“But it has taken a lot longer for help to reach far areas in the mountains. Many of these villages are difficult to get to. The earthquake caused landslides, blocking roads and making these places even more difficult to reach. In some areas, telephone and electrical service were also knocked out, leaving these places completely cut off. That means that the local people in some areas far away have had to deal with the situation on their own.( 但是，帮助到达山区的偏远地区需要更长的时间。许多这样的村庄很难到达。地震导致山体滑坡，道路堵塞，使这些地方更加难以到达。在一些地区，电话和电力服务也被中断，使这些地方完全被隔绝。这意味着，在一些遥远地区的当地人不得不自己处理这种情况。)”可知，本段讲述救援遇到的困难。故选C项。 47．推理判断题。根据第一段内容“A powerful earthquake hit Morocco on Friday night. The earthquake struck around 11 p.m. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) says that the earthquake had a magnitude of 6.8. But Morocco’s earthquake center recorded the earthquake was almost twice as strong.(周五晚上，摩洛哥发生强烈地震。地震发生在晚上11点左右。美国地质调查局(USGS)表示，这次地震的震级约为6.8级。但摩洛哥地震中心记录的地震强度几乎是这个数字的两倍。)”并通读全文可知，本文是新闻报道，介绍了摩洛哥发生了强烈地震，因此应出现在网站的“社会”部分。故选B项。 Passage 13 Jason and his father were going to the grocery store by car to pick up some apples. It had been an unusual day. The sky was dark but there were few clouds. As they drove up the street, there started to be a rumbling (隆隆的) sound heard across the ground. Jason’s father immediately realized that a tornado (龙卷风) was coming. He stopped the car and told Jason to get out immediately. Jason and his father got out of the car and made their way to the closest building. By this time the wind was blowing harder, and it was hard to see or hear. Debris was falling all over the place. Jason couldn’t see his dad anymore. He also realized that he wasn’t getting to the building fast enough. He was afraid he would be picked up by the wind and thrown into the air. As he made his way towards the building, he noticed a field to his right. He could see an irrigation ditch (灌溉渠). In a panic, he scrambled  (爬) to the ditch and lay flat on the ground. More debris and objects flew overhead. His heart was beating hard, and he was nervous. He had never been in a tornado before. After a while, the winds died down and the loud roaring sound was gone. Jason slowly lifted his head and nervously looked around. What he saw was a great mess. Jason could hardly recognize the buildings in front of him because of all the damage. He stood up and with shaky legs walked to the building. Once there, he pushed the door open and went inside. It was a public building owned by the city. It was empty, but Jason could hear noises further inside. He walked into the large room and saw his dad. He ran across the room and gave him a big hug. “Jason! How are you? I’ve been worried sick about you!” said his father. “I couldn’t find you anywhere!” Jason breathed a sigh of a relief (松了一口气) and sat down. He did have a story to tell! 48．From Paragraph 1, we can get the ________ of the story. A．background B．development C．climax (most exciting part) D．ending 49．Which of the following is the right order according to the passage? ① Jason nervously looked around from the irrigation ditch. ② Jason ran across the room and gave his father a big hug. ③ Jason got out of the car. ④ Jason noticed a field to his right. A．②①③④ B．③④①② C．④①②③ D．③①②④ 50．The underlined word “Debris” in Paragraph 2 probably means ________. A．parts of the tornado B．apple pies C．broken pieces D．drop of rain 51．The story tells us that when we are in danger, ________. A．we should wait patiently until help comes B．we should work hard to make our dreams come true C．we should be brave enough to change nature D．we should be quick-thinking and believe in ourselves 【答案】48．A 49．B 50．C 51．D 【导语】本文为一篇记叙文，讲述Jason和爸爸在路途上遇到了龙卷风，Jason和父亲走散，但是他凭着思考，相信自己，最后找到了爸爸的故事。 48．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Jason and his father were going to the grocery store by car to pick up some apples.(杰森和他的父亲开车去杂货店买一些苹果)”及“The sky was dark but there were few clouds. As they drove up the street, there started to be a rumbling (隆隆的) sound heard across the ground.(天空很暗，但云层很少。当他们开车驶过街道时，地面上开始传来隆隆的声音)”可知，本段交代了故事发生的背景。故选A。 49．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“He stopped the car and told Jason to get out immediately.(他把车停了下来，让杰森马上下车)”可知，杰森首先下了车；根据文章第三段“As he made his way towards the building, he noticed a field to his right. (当他朝那栋楼走去时，他注意到右边有一块地)”可知，然后杰森注意到右边有一块地；根据文章第四段“Jason slowly lifted his head and nervously looked around.(杰森慢慢抬起头，紧张地环顾四周)”可知，接着杰森紧张地环顾四周；根据倒数第三段“He walked into the large room and saw his dad. He ran across the room and gave him a big hug.(他走进那个大房间，看见了他的爸爸。他跑过房间，给了他一个大大的拥抱)”可知，最后杰森给了爸爸一个拥抱。因此，顺序为③④①②。故选B。 50．词句猜测题。根据文章第二段“Jason’s father immediately realized that a tornado (龙卷风) was coming.(杰森的父亲立刻意识到龙卷风就要来了)”及“By this time the wind was blowing harder, and it was hard to see or hear.(这时风刮得更大了，看不见也听不见了)”可推知，龙卷风要来，风刮得很大，所以碎片到处都是，划线词与broken pieces为近义词。故选C。 51．推理判断题。根据文章讲述Jason和爸爸在路途上遇到了龙卷风，Jason和父亲走散，但是他凭着思考，相信自己，最后找到了爸爸的故事，因此，文章想要告诉我们，当遇到困难时，我们应该思维敏捷，相信自己。故选D。 Passage 14 There is a growing hope in the field of earthquake prediction (预测) due to artificial intelligence (AI), which is challenging the widely accepted belief that earthquake prediction is impossible. Through a test carried out in China, a team of researchers from the University of Texas, Austin have developed an AI algorithm (算法) that can predict 70% of earthquakes up to seven days in advance. The research team believes that their method worked well because they used a simple machine learning method. Based on the team’s understanding of earthquake physics, the AI was provided with a set of data on earthquake, and then taught itself by using a five-year earthquake record database. After the learning process, the AI was able to predict earthquakes by listening and analyzing signs of incoming earthquakes within the background rumblings (隆隆声) in the Earth. This achievement undoubtedly marks a milestone (里程碑) in the field of AI-powered earthquake prediction research. “Earthquakes arrive without warning,” explains Alexandros Savvaidis, a lead researcher at the Texas Seismological Network Program (TexNet). “It’s a matter of milliseconds, and the only thing you can control is how well you are prepared. Even with the 70% accuracy, this is a huge achievement which could help reduce economic and human losses and contribute to earthquake preparation worldwide.” Although it remains to be seen whether this method will be as effective in other areas, the researchers believe that if used in areas with more earthquake tracking networks, their Al algorithms deliver even more accurate predictions. The next step is to test AI in Texas, since UT’s Bureau TexNethas 300 earthquake stations and a continuous recording history of over 6 years, making it an excellent testing ground for these purposes. In the long run, the authors hope to combine the AI system with physics-based models. This combined strategy could be particularly important in situations where data is poor or lacking. “There’s still a long way to go, but many advances like this, taken together, are what drive science forward,” said Scott Tinker, the bureau’s director. 52．How does the AI algorithm predict earthquakes? A．By using algorithms to collect data. B．By identifying data from the satellites. C．By analyzing background sounds in the Earth. D．By understanding earthquake physics. 53．What does Alexandros Savvaidis intend to show? A．The ways to reduce losses in earthquake. B．The significance of developing the AI prediction. C．The importance of earthquake preparation. D．The limitations of current earthquake prediction methods. 54．What does the follow-up research focus on? A．Combining the system with physics-based models. B．Applying the AI approach to other fields. C．Improving earthquake tracking networks in Texas. D．Conducting tests of AI in Texas. 55．Which of the following might be the best title for the passage? A．AI: Reducing Earthquake Losses B．AI: Stopping Earthquake from Happening C．AI: Rewriting the Earthquake Preparation Rules D．AI: Predicting 70% Earthquakes 【答案】52．C 53．B 54．D 55．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是德克萨斯大学奥斯汀分校的研究小组通过在中国进行的一项测试，开发了一种可以提前7天预测70%的地震的人工智能算法。 52．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“After the learning process, the AI was able to predict earthquakes by listening and analyzing signs of incoming earthquakes within the background rumblings (隆隆声) in the Earth. (在学习过程中，人工智能在地球的背景隆隆声中，通过倾听和分析即将发生地震的征兆，预测出了地震。)”可知，人工智能通过分析地球的背景声音预测地震。故选C项。 53．推理判断题。根据第三段中Alexandros Savvaidis所说的“It’s a matter of milliseconds, and the only thing you can control is how well you are prepared. Even with the 70% accuracy, this is a huge achievement which could help reduce economic and human losses and contribute to earthquake preparation worldwide. (这只是几毫秒的问题，你唯一能控制的就是你准备得有多好。甚至准确率达到70%，这也是一项巨大的成就，可以帮助减少经济和人员损失，并为全球的地震准备做出贡献。)”可知，Alexandros Savvaidis认为预测地震的准确率达到70%的人工智能可以帮助减少损失，为防震做出贡献；再结合本段的主题句“This achievement undoubtedly marks a milestone (里程碑) in the field of AI-powered earthquake prediction research. (这一成就无疑是人工智能地震预测研究领域的一个里程碑。)”可知，该项成就是人工智能地震预测研究的里程碑，所以Alexandros Savvaidis想表明的是开发人工智能预测的意义。故选B项。 54．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The next step is to test AI in Texas, since UT’s Bureau TexNethas 300 earthquake stations and a continuous recording history of over 6 years, making it an excellent testing ground for these purposes. (下一步是在德克萨斯州测试人工智能，因为德州调查局有300个地震台站，连续记录历史超过6年，使其成为这些目的的绝佳试验场。)”可知，下一步研究将在德克萨斯州测试人工智能。故选D项。 55．主旨大意题。根据首段中的“Through a test carried out in China, a team of researchers from the University of Texas, Austin have developed an AI algorithm (算法) that can predict 70% of earthquakes up to seven days in advance. (德克萨斯大学奥斯汀分校的研究小组通过在中国进行的一项测试，开发出了一种人工智能算法，可以提前7天预测70%的地震。)”以及下文中对该项研究的介绍可知，本文主要介绍的是德克萨斯大学奥斯汀分校的研究小组通过在中国进行的一项测试，开发了一种可以提前7天预测70%的地震的人工智能算法，所以标题“AI：预测70%的地震”概括了本文主题，适合为最佳标题。故选D项。 Passage 15 A large flood caused by heavy rains and melting mountain snow recently hit America’s Yellowstone National Park. It caused widespread damage and resulted in many changes. It changed the path of a river popular for fishing and also devastated hundreds of homes, bridges and roadways in nearby communities. It drove more than 10, 000 visitors out of the park. Luckily, no one was reported hurt. However, the park could remain closed for up to one week. The water also washed away camp structures, flooded small towns and cut power to parts of southern Montana and northern Wyoming. The Yellowstone River was running at a historically high level of 4. 9 meters as it flowed past Billings, Montana’s largest city. The city got its water from the river and was forced to close its treatment plant (工厂) because it couldn’t operate effectively with water levels that high. Billings officials said the city only had a 24-hour supply of water. They were asking people to save water until the river could drop and the plant could restart operations. Yellowstone officials said, “The northern half of the park is likely to remain closed over the summer. This will greatly affect local economies that depend on summer tourists. But we have faith in the park repairs and economic recovery.” 56．What does the underlined word “devastated” mean in Paragraph 2? A．Ruined. B．Promoted. C．Challenged. D．Demanded. 57．What can we learn from Paragraph 2? A．The flood lasted quite long. B．The flood left bad effects. C．The flood was caused for some reasons. D．The flood killed 10, 000 visitors. 58．What happened to the treatment plant in Billings after the flood? A．It needed new equipment to supply water. B．It cut down the city’s water supply for 24 hours. C．It was forced to operate in 24 hours. D．It stopped working. 59．What’s the Yellowstone officials’ attitude to the park repairs and economic recovery? A．Positive. B．Doubtful. C．Uncertain. D．Curious. 【答案】56．A 57．B 58．D 59．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了美国黄石公园遭遇大洪水造成的破坏和影响。 56．词义猜测题。根据第一段“It caused widespread damage and resulted in many changes.(它造成了广泛的破坏，并导致了许多变化)”及第二段划线词后文“hundreds of homes, bridges and roadways in nearby communities(附近社区数百座房屋、桥梁和道路)”可推知，devastated意思与“毁坏”ruined相近。故选A。 57．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“It changed the path of a river popular for fishing and also devastated hundreds of homes, bridges and roadways in nearby communities. It drove more than 10, 000 visitors out of the park. Luckily, no one was reported hurt. However, the park could remain closed for up to one week. The water also washed away camp structures, flooded small towns and cut power to parts of southern Montana and northern Wyoming.(它改变了一条常用于捕鱼的河流的路径，也毁掉了附近社区的数百座房屋、桥梁和道路。它把一万多名游客赶出了公园。幸运的是，没有人受伤。然而，该公园可能会关闭长达一周。洪水还冲毁了营地建筑，淹没了小城镇，并切断了蒙大拿州南部和怀俄明州北部部分地区的电力供应)”可知，洪水产生了恶劣的影响。故选B。 58．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“The city got its water from the river and was forced to close its treatment plant (工厂) because it couldn’t operate effectively with water levels that high.(该市从这条河取水，并被迫关闭了处理厂，因为它无法在如此高的水位下有效运行)”可知，比林斯市的处理厂由于洪水被强行关闭。故选D。 59．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“The northern half of the park is likely to remain closed over the summer. This will greatly affect local economies that depend on summer tourists. But we have faith in the park repairs and economic recovery.(整个夏天，公园的北半部可能会继续关闭。这将对依赖夏季游客的地方经济产生巨大影响。但我们对公园的修复和经济复苏有信心)”可推知，黄石的官员对于公园维修和经济复苏仍然持有积极态度。故选A。 Ⅱ阅读理解七选五 Passage 1 （24-25高一上·广东肇庆·期末）Natural disasters can strike at any time, and schools are no exception. Here are some steps for students to take to survive when a natural disaster hits schools. 1 . Every student should have a personal emergency kit that includes essential items such as a flashlight, batteries, a first-aid kit, water, and non-perishable food. Keeping this kit at hand can ensure students are always prepared. Practice regular drills. Regular disaster drills are just as important as fire drills. They help students learn what to do in real emergency situations. Schools should conduct such drills regularly to ensure that students know what to do when a real disaster occurs. 2 . Identify safe areas. Knowing where safe zones are in the school can be a lifesaver. 3 . Examples include hallways, under desks, or designated shelter areas. These areas should be predetermined within the school and they can provide the best protection during different types of disasters. Understand the risk types. 4 For example, coastal areas are more likely to experience hurricanes, and landslides are a threat in mountainous areas. Therefore, schools should teach students knowledge about the specific type of threat in their local area so that they can take appropriate action during a disaster. Take action in different situations. Students should stay calm and take immediate action based on different situations. For example, during a tornado, they should move to the lowest floor of the building and take cover under stable furniture. 5 . Earthquakes require us to drop to the ground, take cover under a table, and hold on until the shake stops. By following these steps, students can increase their chances of survival and minimize the impact. A．Offer immediate care B．Prepare an emergency kit C．Different areas may face different types of natural disasters D．In the event of a flood, students should move to higher grounds E．After a disaster, schools should check on all students and staff F．These drills will help students react quickly and minimize the risk G．When a disaster hits, students should head to the nearest safe area quickly 【答案】1．B 2．F 3．G 4．C 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些帮助学生应对自然灾害的措施。 1．空格处是该段的主题句。根据下文的内容“Every student should have a personal emergency kit that includes essential items such as a flashlight, batteries, a first-aid kit, water, and non-perishable food. Keeping this kit at hand can ensure students are always prepared.(每个学生都应该有一个个人应急包，包括必需品，如手电筒，电池，急救箱，水和不易腐烂的食物。把这个工具箱放在手边可以确保学生随时准备好。)”可知，本段主要是说每个学生都应该准备一个应急包。所以，B项“Prepare an emergency kit(准备一个应急包)”可以作为主题句，填入空格处。故选B项。 2．空格前的句子“Regular disaster drills are just as important as fire drills. They help students learn what to do in real emergency situations. Schools should conduct such drills regularly to ensure that students know what to do when a real disaster occurs.(定期的灾难演练和消防演练一样重要。他们帮助学生学习在真正的紧急情况下该怎么做。学校应该定期进行这样的演习，以确保学生知道当真正的灾难发生时该怎么做。)”是说学校应该进行定期的灾难演练和消防演练。空格处的句子应该接着说这些演练的意义。所以，F项“These drills will help students react quickly and minimize the risk(这些训练将帮助学生快速反应并将风险降到最低)”填入空格处，符合语境。故选F项。 3．空格前的句子“Identify safe areas. Knowing where safe zones are in the school can be a lifesaver.(确定安全区域。知道学校里的安全区域在哪里可以帮上大忙。)”说明了确定安全区的意义，空格处的句子应该接着说当灾难发生时，学生应该怎样利用安全区。所以，G项“When a disaster hits, students should head to the nearest safe area quickly(当灾难发生时，学生应迅速前往最近的安全区域)”填入空格处，符合语境。故选G项。 4．根据空格后的例子“For example, coastal areas are more likely to experience hurricanes, and landslides are a threat in mountainous areas.(例如，沿海地区更有可能经历飓风，而山体滑坡是山区的威胁。)”可知，空格处的句子应该提到不同地区有不同的自然灾害。所以，C项“Different areas may face different types of natural disasters(不同的地区可能面临不同类型的自然灾害)”填入空格处，符合语境。故选C项。 5．根据该部分的主题句“Take action in different situations.(在不同的情况下采取行动。)”和空格前后的例子“For example, during a tornado, they should move to the lowest floor of the building and take cover under stable furniture.(例如，在龙卷风期间，他们应该移动到建筑物的最低层，并躲在稳定的家具下。)”、“Earthquakes require us to drop to the ground, take cover under a table, and hold on until the shake stops.(地震需要我们蹲下到地上，躲在桌子下面，坚持到震动停止。)”可知，空格处的句子也应该是涉及到某种自然灾害和面对这种灾害时的正确做法。所以D项“In the event of a flood, students should move to higher grounds(万一发生洪水，学生们应该搬到地势较高的地方去)”填入空格处，符合语境。故选D项。 Passage 2 What to do when your home is flooded The biggest threat (威胁) in a hurricane (飓风) is not the wind, but the water. Flooding from heavy rain can happen just at any time, anywhere, as climate change makes violent downpours more common. As the water falls back, the long, slow process of recovery begins. 6 , and how to start picking up the pieces when the water is gone. Turn off the electricity and gas. The Federal Emergency Management Agency says the first thing you should do is check for things like damaged power, gas lines and cracks in the foundation to make sure it’s safe to go inside. If it is, and there’s no standing water in the house, turn off the electricity. 7 . And put distance between you and the house. Do not go in the floodwater. 8 . It may get you an electric shock, and there are often ruins, sewage and poisonous chemicals in it. So, if you can wait for the water to fall back or for help to come, that’s your best bet, says Jennifer Horney, a professor at the University of Delaware who studies the public-health impacts of disasters. 9 . Use your cellphone to take a ton of pictures of the outside and the inside of your house. You’re documenting the damage and trying to show how high the water got. That’s important for making an insurance claim or applying for federal assistance. From this article, you can have a good understanding of how to deal with a flooded home. 10 . A．Take photos B．Floodwater is dangerous C．Remember to buy insurance D．Floodwater is undrinkable without heat treatment. E．Here’s what you need to know to prepare for floodwater F．Also, there is much knowledge about how to prevent flooding in the future G．If you smell natural gas, or hear an airflow ound, contact the fire department immediately 【答案】6．E 7．G 8．B 9．A 10．F 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了家中遭遇洪水时应采取的行动。 6．由上文“As the water falls back, the long, slow process of recovery begins.(随着水位回落，漫长而缓慢的恢复过程开始了。)”可知，接下来应介绍关于洪水的准备和康复过程，E项（这是你需要知道的关于准备应对洪水的事情）切题，且引出了下文“and how to start picking up the pieces when the water is gone.(以及如何在水没了的时候开始收拾残局。)”，E项的“prepare for floodwater”包含了下文的“start picking up the pieces when the water is gone”，且E项提供了接下来段落的主题，即在面对洪水时需要了解的事项。故选E。 7．上文“The Federal Emergency Management Agency says the first thing you should do is check for things like damaged power, gas lines and cracks in the foundation to make sure it’s safe to go inside. If it is, and there’s no standing water in the house, turn off the electricity.(联邦紧急事务管理局表示，你应该做的第一件事是检查是否有损坏的电力、天然气管道和地基裂缝，以确保进入内部是安全的。如果是这样，而且房子里没有积水，就关掉电源。)”提到进入房子前的安全检查和必须采取的安全措施。G项（如果你闻到天然气味，或听到气流声，立即联系消防部门）与上文一致，它指出了在检查房屋安全时，遇到特定危险情况时的具体行动建议。故选G。 8．上文“Do not go in the floodwater.(不要进入洪水中。)”警告读者不要进入洪水中。B项（洪水很危险）承接上文，直接指出了“不要进入洪水中”的原因是洪水很危险。故选B。 9．下文“Use your cellphone to take a ton of pictures of the outside and the inside of your house. You’re documenting the damage and trying to show how high the water got.That’s important for making an insurance claim or applying for federal assistance.(用你的手机拍很多房子内外的照片。你正在记录损坏情况，并努力展示水位有多高。这对于提出保险索赔或申请联邦援助非常重要。)”可以看出，这里讲述的是用手机拍照记录损失以申请赔偿。A项（拍照）符合语境，引出下文“拍照”这一行为。故选A。 10．上文“From this article, you can have a good understanding of how to deal with a flooded home.(从这篇文章中，你可以很好地了解如何处理被淹的房子。)”可知，本文旨在介绍如何应对家庭洪水。F项（此外，还有很多关于如何防止未来洪水发生的知识）指出除了处理洪水外，还可以了解如何预防洪水。故选F。 Passage 3 Earthquakes can strike without warning. But many injuries and deaths from this kind of natural disaster can be prevented if people follow these safety tips. If you’re inside a building, stay there! One of the most dangerous things to do in an earthquake is to try to leave a building. 11 Drop to the ground. Get under an object that is not easily damaged. Hold on to it until the shaking stops. You can also get to a corner formed by two walls with your arms over your head. If you’re in bed when the quake hits, stay there and protect your head with a pillow. 12 Don’t take shelter under a tree, streetlights, electric poles or tall buildings. If you are driving, stop as quickly as possible and stay away from overpasses (立交桥), buildings, bridges or anything else that might fall or collapse beneath you. 13 If you are trapped in ruins, cover your mouth with a handkerchief or a piece of clothing. Use your cell phone to call for help if possible. Don’t shout. Shouting can cause you to breathe in dust. 14 Be prepared for aftershocks. 15 However, sometimes they even happen months later. Therefore, if you are not in a safe position (位置) after the first shock, you should move quickly but carefully to a safer place. A．If you’re outside, go to an open space. B．Don’t get into a panic and stay calm. C．Don’t park your car under a tree or any tall object. D．Tap on a pipe or the wall so rescuers can find you. E．Most injuries happen when people inside buildings try to go out. F．They can happen in the first hours after the earthquake. G．Take a good hold of your cell phone in the building. 【答案】11．E 12．A 13．C 14．D 15．F 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了地震时保持安全的一些技巧。 11．上文“One of the most dangerous things to do in an earthquake is to try to leave a building. (地震时最危险的事情之一就是试图离开建筑物。)”指出，地震时试图离开建筑物是最危险的；E项“Most injuries happen when people inside buildings try to go out.(大多数伤害发生在建筑物内的人试图出去的时候。)”承接前文，指出建筑物内的人试图离开建筑物时容易造成伤害，阐述了地震时试图离开建筑物是最危险的原因；E选项中的“when people inside buildings try to go out”与上文中的“try to leave a building”相对应。故选E。 12．设空处为段首句；后文“Don’t take shelter under a tree, streetlights, electric poles or tall buildings. If you are driving, stop as quickly as possible and stay away from overpasses (立交桥), buildings, bridges or anything else that might fall or collapse beneath you. (不要躲在树下、路灯下、电线杆下或高层建筑下。如果你正在开车，请尽快停车，并远离立交桥、建筑物、桥梁或任何可能在你身下倒塌的东西。)”讲述了一些在户外的安全做法。再结合第二段首句“If you’re inside a building, stay there! (如果你在建筑物里，就待在那里！)”可知，第二段讲述了在建筑物内的做法，本段主要阐述在户外时应该怎么做，A项“If you’re outside, go to an open space.(如果你在外面，就去空旷的地方。)”引领下文，符合语境。故选A。 13．上文“If you are driving, stop as quickly as possible and stay away from overpasses (立交桥), buildings, bridges or anything else that might fall or collapse beneath you. (如果你正在开车，请尽快停车，并远离立交桥、建筑物、桥梁或任何可能在你身下倒塌的东西。)”讲述了开车时应该立即停车，远离可能坍塌的立交桥、建筑物、桥梁等之上；C项“Don’t park your car under a tree or any tall object.(不要把车停在树下或任何高的物体下。)”承接前文，阐述停车时的注意事项，不要停在任何高的物体之下，符合语境。故选C。 14．上文“If you are trapped in ruins, cover your mouth with a handkerchief or a piece of clothing. Use your cell phone to call for help if possible. Don’t shout. Shouting can cause you to breathe in dust.(如果你被困在废墟中，用手帕或一块衣服捂住嘴。如果可能的话，用手机打电话求助。不要喊。大喊大叫会让你吸入灰尘。)”阐述了被困废墟下的注意事项，指出不能大喊呼救，因为这会让你吸入灰尘；D选项“Tap on a pipe or the wall so rescuers can find you.(轻敲管道或墙壁，这样救援人员就能找到你。)”承接上文，介绍了求救的方式，符合语境。故选D。 15．根据上文“Be prepared for aftershocks. (为余震做好准备。)”和下文“However, sometimes they even happen months later. (然而，有时它们甚至会在几个月后发生。)”可知，空处和下文形成转折关系，指出余震会在短时间内发生，F项“They can happen in the first hours after the earthquake.(它们可能在地震后的最初几个小时内发生。)”符合语境，选项中的代词“They”指代上文的“aftershocks”。故选F。 Passage 4 A tsunami can occur after an earthquake, an underwater landslide, or a volcanic eruption. Large amounts of water are displaced and form into walls of water. The name, tsunami, means harbor (海港) wave. 16 But when a tsunami reaches shallow water, it can build up to an enormous height before hitting the shore. Some of these waves look like four-floor buildings. They are also fast. 17 People have little warning when tsunamis hit. In the Pacific Rim countries, the population knows to be careful after an earthquake or volcanic activity. 18 Underwater shelves (陆架) form where rivers empty into an ocean. Seismic (地震的) activity can cause the shelf to break. A tsunami can result from the displaced water. Japan is the unlucky recipient (接受者) of the most tsunamis. Next in line are Chile and Hawaii. 19 In 1958, a couple named Bill and Vivian Swanson were fishing in an Alaskan bay (海湾). At ten o’clock, they felt the boat shake and saw a rock avalanche shower down from a nearby mountain. The resulting wave moved toward their boat at a speed of 100 miles an hour. Luckily, they had enough time to escape. Since 1900, more than 380, 000 people have lost their lives to these great waves. 20 Scientists, however, are working to develop new ways of discovering tsunamis so that better warning systems can be created. A．It has caused great sea waves. B．A tsunami can travel as fast as an airplane. C．At sea, the waves are not usually a problem. D．A great wave called a tsunami has caused the damage. E．United States citizens have often felt the power of these great waves. F．Because tsunamis are not everyday events, people can easily forget their power. G．But an underwater landslide is hidden until the tsunami it causes moves toward shore. 【答案】16．C 17．B 18．G 19．E 20．F 【导语】本文是说明文。文章介绍了海啸的特点及危害。 16．根据本空后的“But when a tsunami reaches shallow water, it can build up to an enormous height before hitting the shore. (但当海啸到达浅水区时，它可以在到达海岸之前积聚到巨大的高度)”可知，空处与下文是转折关系，由此可推断，本空应描述“海浪还未到达浅水区时的情况”，C项“在海上，海浪通常不是问题”符合语境。C项中的“At sea”与本空后的“shallow water”及“the shore”形成对比。故选C。 17．本空前“They are also fast. (它们速度也非常快)”提到海啸速度非常快，B项“海啸的速度可以和飞机一样快”与“海啸的速度”相关，是对上文进一步说明。故选B。 18．本空前“In the Pacific Rim countries, the population knows to be careful after an earthquake or volcanic activity. (在环太平洋国家，人们知道在地震或火山活动后要小心)”介绍人们在地震和火山爆发后会小心提防，本空后“Underwater shelves (陆架) form where rivers empty into an ocean. Seismic (地震的) activity can cause the shelf to break. A tsunami can result from the displaced water. (在河流流入海洋的地方形成了水下大陆架。地震活动会导致架子断裂。海啸可能是由移位的水引起的)”介绍海底滑坡是如何引发海啸的。由此可知，本空内容应与“海底滑坡引发的海啸”相关，说明上文人们在在地震和火山爆发后小心提防的是海啸，G项“但海底滑坡是隐藏的，直到它引起的海啸向海岸移动”符合语境。故选G。 19．本空前“Japan is the unlucky recipient (接受者) of the most tsunamis. Next in line are Chile and Hawaii. (日本是遭遇最多海啸的倒霉国家。紧随其后的是智利和夏威夷)”介绍了日本、智利及夏威夷容易遭受海啸袭击；本空后“In 1958, a couple named Bill and Vivian Swanson were fishing in an Alaskan bay (海湾). At ten o’clock, they felt the boat shake and saw a rock avalanche shower down from a nearby mountain. (1958年，Bill和Vivian Swanson夫妇在阿拉斯加海湾钓鱼。十点钟的时候，他们感到船在摇晃，并看到附近山上有一场岩石雪崩)”描述了Swanson夫妇在阿拉斯加海湾遭遇海啸的经历。由此可推断，本空应描述“美国遭受海啸袭击的情况”，E项“美国公民经常感受到这些巨浪的力量”符合语境，故选E。 20．根据上文几段及空前一句“Since 1900, more than 380, 000 people have lost their lives to these great waves. (自1900年以来，超过38万人在这些巨浪中丧生)”的描述可知，海啸的威力很大，而且海啸来临前，人们几乎感觉不到征兆，因此，许多人因遭遇海啸而丧命；结合本空后的“Scientists, however, are working to develop new ways of discovering tsunamis so that better warning systems can be created. (然而，科学家们正在努力开发发现海啸的新方法，以便建立更好的预警系统)”可知，本空内容与下文是转折关系，F项“因为海啸并不会经常发生，所以人们很容易忘记其威力”符合语境。故选F。 Passage 4 The thought of a natural disaster can be frightening, but preparing for the most likely disasters, such as tornadoes, hurricanes, floods, fires, and winter storms, is necessary. 21 You can develop an emergency plan for your family in case of a natural disaster, including household information, out-of-town contacts and school, workplace, and childcare contact information and emergency first aid. Add your evacuation routes and shelter plans as well. More importantly, you have to monitor potential (潜在的) disasters. 22 Watch news and weather reports in your region so that you can be aware of potential disasters in the area. You can also download apps for your smart phone that will warn you of potential disasters near your location. 23 If your family is at risk for exposure to a natural disaster, explain to them what’s happening. Review your emergency preparedness plan so that everyone knows what to do in the event of a disaster. Thirdly, track the progress of forthcoming disasters. Check back with your news station frequently so that you’ll be aware of changes in weather or conditions that could alter the course of a disaster. 24 In this way, you’ll be well informed of what’s happening. Finally, evacuate before disaster strikes, if possible. If danger is coming in your area, evacuate before it strikes. 25 So be sure to follow their instructions. If you aren’t able to evacuate, shelter in place until it’s safe to leave the area. A．For instance, creating a plan is a good idea. B．Make a contact card for each member of the family. C．Secondly, prepare family members for what may happen. D．You may not know what kind of disaster is about to strike. E．To achieve this, firstly, identify potential threatening situations. F．Your local authority may order evacuations if a natural disaster is coming. G．Sign up to receive alerts or updates from your local government or weather service. 【答案】21．D 22．E 23．C 24．G 25．F 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章建议家庭制定一个应急计划，以防发生自然灾害。 21．上文“The thought of a natural disaster can be frightening, but preparing for the most likely disasters, such as tornadoes, hurricanes, floods, fires, and winter storms, is necessary. (想到自然灾害可能会让人害怕，但为最可能发生的灾难做好准备，如龙卷风、飓风、洪水、火灾和冬季风暴，是必要的)”说明各种各样的自然灾害都有可能发生，选项D“你可能不知道什么样的灾难即将来临。”承接上文，说明自然灾害是无常的，人们可能不知道会遇到什么样的灾难。故选D项。 22．上文“More importantly, you have to monitor potential (潜在的) disasters. (更重要的是，你必须监控潜在的灾难)”说明监控潜在灾难的重要性，选项E“要做到这一点，首先，识别潜在威胁的情况。”承接上文，建议识别潜在威胁的情况。选项中potential threatening situations和上文中potential disasters语义一致。故选E项。 23．下文“If your family is at risk for exposure to a natural disaster, explain to them what’s happening. Review your emergency preparedness plan so that everyone knows what to do in the event of a disaster. (如果你的家人有遭受自然灾害的风险，向他们解释要发生什么。回顾你的应急准备计划，以便每个人都知道在灾难发生时该做什么)”建议要让家人对灾难都有所准备，选项C“其次，让家庭成员为可能发生的事情做好准备。”概括本段大意，说明要让家人有所准备。故选C项。 24．下文“In this way, you’ll be well informed of what’s happening. (用这种方法，你会很清楚将会发生什么事)”说明这种方法能清楚将来会发生什么事，选项G“注册接收当地政府或气象服务的警报或更新。”和下文存在因果关系。下文中this way指选项中所提供的方法，语义一致。故选G项。 25．下文“So be sure to follow their instructions. (所以一定要听从他们的指示)”说明要听从指挥，选项F“如果自然灾害即将来临，当地政府可能会下令疏散。”和下文存在因果关系。下文中代词their指代选项中Your local authority，语义一致。故选F项。 ( 35 / 40 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$