精品解析：辽宁省沈阳市法库县2024-2025学年八年级上学期期末英语试题

2024-2025学年度第一学期八年级期末考试 英语试卷 （本试卷共65小题 满分120分 考试时长120分钟） 注意：所有试题必须在答题卡上作答，在本试卷上作答无效 第一部分 听力试题 （共30分） 一、短对话理解（共8小题；每小题1.5分，共12分） 听下面8段短对话。每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. When did the woman go home yesterday? A. At 6 p. m. B. At 7 p. m. C. At 8 p. m. 2. What are the two speakers mainly talking about? A. An English Week. B. Learning new words. C. English Corner. 3. Who has a poor memory now? A. Jim. B. Mary. C. Tim. 4. What present did Bob give Daisy for her birthday? A. A. bike. B. A camera. C. An encyclopaedia. 5. Which programme does Sarah think is boring? A. The sports programme. B. The history programme. C. The TV shopping programme. 6. What does the man probably mean? A. Computers are cleverer than human beings. B. Human beings are cleverer than computers. C Computers can do more things than human beings. 7. Where can the man find the book about some old inventions? A. On the first shelf. B. On the second shelf. C. On the third shelf. 8. Why does the girl feel sorry for the Trojans? A. Because the Greeks captured their city ten year ago. B. Because the Greeks tricked them. C. Because they lost their city in one night. 二、长对话理解 （共12小题；每小题1.5分，共18分） 听下面4段长对话。每段对话后有三道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。 听第9段材料，回答第9至11题。 9. What class will Harry have this Sunday? A. An English class. B. A Maths class. C. A History class. 10. Where does Sara plan to go this Sunday? A. To the library. B. To the cinema. C. To the sports centre. 11. What day is it today? A. Thursday. B. Friday. C. Saturday. 听第10段材料，回答第12至14题。 12. Who does the woman need to buy school things for? A. Her students. B. Her daughter. C. Her son. 13. How much does the blue pencil box cost? A. 13 yuan. B. 14 yuan. C. 15 yuan. 14. How many kinds of school things does the woman buy in total? A. 2. B. 3. C. 4. 听第11段材料，回答第15 至17题。 15. Where did Eric go during his exchange visit? A. To Hangzhou. B. To Suzhou. C. To Guizhou. 16. What street food does Eric like best in China? A. Tanghulu. B. Jianbing. C. Naicha. 17. What does Eric think of the food in China? A. As cheap as the food in America. B. As expensive as the food in America. C. Cheaper than the food in America. 听第12段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. How does the boy go home? A. By bike. B. By bus. C. On foot. 19. How often does the girl go home by bus? A. Sometimes. B. Usually. C. Always. 20. What does the boy think of walking? A. Tiring. B. Funny. C. Good. 第二部分 笔试试题 （共90分） 选择题（共50分） 三、阅读理解（共20小题，每小题2分；满分40分） 第一节 阅读下面语言材料，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Traditionally, we take the subway with our subway cards or by scanning QR codes (扫描二维码) on our smartphones. But now, people traveling on the Beijing Daxing Airport Express subway have a new way to take a ride—they can scan their palms (手掌). To enjoy the service, people need to register (登记) their palm prints on machines in subway stations along the Daxing Airport Express subway line. Then they have to activate (激活) the palm-scanning function on their smartphones. Once they do this, they can scan their palms at ticket gates to pass through. After they finish the travel, the payment service on their smartphones will pay the money for their ride. Many people welcome the new technology. They think it helps them to travel faster and more easily. They don’t have to take out their subway cards or smartphones when they want to pass through the ticket gates. And they no longer have to worry when they forget their subway cards or when their smartphones run out of battery. What’s more, the palm-scanning technology is very friendly to old people and those who have special needs. Those people may not use smartphones well. This technology makes it possible for them to take the subway without using smartphones. Besides Beijing, the palm-scanning technology is also in service in the subway station of Shenzhen. And there are hopes that it can be used in more places like stores and restaurants in the future. 1. Traditional ways of paying for the subway ride include scanning ________. A. subway cards and ID cards B. ID cards and palms C. palms and subway cards D. QR codes and subway cards 2. If a person wants to enjoy the palm-scanning service, he should follow the order of ________. ①register his palm prints ② scan his palm at the ticket gate ③activate the palm-scanning function A. ①③② B. ②①③ C. ③②① D. ①②③ 3. What’s Paragraph 3 mainly about? A. The rules of the palm-scanning technology. B. The history of the palm-scanning technology. C. The good points of the palm-scanning technology. D. The uses of the palm-scanning technology. 4. What’s the writer’s purpose in writing the text? A. To tell us something about a new technology. B. To share his experience on the Beijing subway. C. To show how technology helps him in his life. D. To encourage more subway-takings in Beijing. 【答案】1. D 2. A 3. C 4. A 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了现在人们可以通过扫描手掌，乘坐北京大兴机场快线地铁。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Traditionally, we take the subway with our subway cards or by scanning QR codes (扫描二维码) on our smartphones.”可知，传统的地铁支付方式包括扫描二维码和地铁卡，故选D。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据“To enjoy the service, people need to register (登记) their palm prints on machines in subway stations along the Daxing Airport Express subway line. Then they have to activate (激活) the palm-scanning function on their smartphones. Once they do this, they can scan their palms at ticket gates to pass through.”可知，如果一个人想要享受扫描手掌服务，人们需要在大兴机场快线沿线地铁站的机器上登记他们的掌纹，然后，他们必须激活智能手机上的手掌扫描功能，他们就可以在检票口扫描他们的手掌来通过。因此正确的顺序为：①③②，故选A。 3题详解】 主旨大意题。根据“Many people welcome the new technology. They think it helps them to travel faster and more easily.”可知，第三段主要介绍了手掌扫描技术的优点。故选C。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据“But now, people traveling on the Beijing Daxing Airport Express subway have a new way to take a ride—they can scan their palms (手掌).”可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是告诉我们一些关于手掌扫描的新技术的事情。故选A。 B Clothing is an important part of any culture and each country in the world has its own traditional clothes. Chinese culture has a history of more than 5,000 years, so the traditional Chinese clothing also has a long history. ★ Hanfu Hanfu is the traditional clothing of the Han people. It first appeared in China more than 3,000 years ago. But it disappeared with the beginning of the Qing dynasty (朝代). Now more and more young people start to enjoy wearing it. Wang Yue, a mother of two, was a fan of hanfu. She said each suit had its own cultural background and learning about it gave her a better understanding of traditional culture. ★Tangzhuang Tangzhuang is a type of Chinese jacket. The Tang dynasty was famous in the world, so the overseas Chinese were called “Tang people”, and their clothes were called “Tangzhuang”. Tangzhuang is made in different colors, the most common are red, dark blue, gold and black. It shows good luck and wishes. ★Qipao (Cheongsam) Qipao is a traditional Chinese dress. It first appeared in China in the 1920s. Qipao is made of silk, and Chinese women like to wear it because it can show their beauty. Song Meiling loved Qipao by nature. She always wore different qipao for different seasons. 5. Why did Wang Yue like hanfu? A. It had a long history. B. It had many different colors. C. It could help her understand the culture. D. It was the clothing of the Han people. 6. What was Tangzhuang named from? A. The overseas Chinese. B. A type of Chinese jacket. C. The people in the Tang dynasty. D. Good luck and wishes. 7. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. Few people enjoy wearing hanfu now. B. Tangzhuang is popular only for its special color. C. Qipao first appeared in China in the 1920s. D. The traditional clothing named after famous people. 8. What is the purpose (目的) of this text? A. To remember history of traditional Chinese clothing. B. To find out the differences of traditional Chinese clothing. C. To show the culture of traditional Chinese clothing. D. To show people’s love of traditional clothing. 【答案】5. C 6. A 7. C 8. C 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国的传统服饰。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据“She said each suit had its own cultural background and learning about it gave her a better understanding of traditional culture.”可知，因为汉服可以帮助她了解文化。故选C。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据“The Tang dynasty was famous in the world, so the overseas Chinese were called ‘Tang people’, and their clothes were called ‘Tangzhuang’”可知，唐装的名字来自于海外华人。故选A。 【7题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Qipao is a traditional Chinese dress. It first appeared in China in the 1920s.”可知，旗袍最早出现在中国是在20世纪20年代。故选C。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据“Clothing is an important part of any culture and each country in the world has its own traditional clothes. Chinese culture has a history of more than 5,000 years, so the traditional Chinese clothing also has a long history.”可知，文章主要是为了展示中国传统服饰文化。故选C。 C Do you think you have a good memory (记忆) ? It is difficult to say exactly what memory is. Even scientists who have been studying memory for many years say that they are still trying to find out what it is. We do know that memory is not just one thing stored (存储) somewhere in the brain (大脑). Memory is made up of small pieces of information stored all over the brain. The human brain is very small and light. But it needs about 20% of the oxygen (氧气) that our body takes in. We can’t think well if our brain isn’t getting enough oxygen, so always make sure there is enough oxygen in the air when you need to learn or remember something! Why do you forget things sometimes? The main reason for forgetting something is that you did not learn it well enough in the beginning. For example, if you meet some new people and right away forget their names, it is because you didn’t record (记录) the names when you heard them. No one can remember everything, but everyone can learn how to improve their memory. Here are some ways: ●When you want to remember something, tell a friend about it. This way the new information becomes more memorable. Later on, think about the conversation with your friend. It will help you remember the information. ●Don’t over-train your brain. When you’ve remembered a list of new vocabulary, stop studying. It’s better to study a lot of material (材料) for a short time than a small part of material for a lot of time! But remember: you do have to practise your new vocabulary as soon as possible! ●If you have to remember something big, break it down into smaller parts. It’s easier to remember 198756430387 if you break it into four smaller bits: 198-756-430-387. ●If you want to remember a piece of information, and you can’t, don’t get angry. Relax when you study! Try to enjoy yourself. You are learning new things every minute. You will remember better if you are happy and relaxed. In short, none of (没有一个) the ways can make your memory 100% perfect, but all of them are helpful. 9. Where is memory stored in your brain? A. In the left brain. B. All over the brain. C. In the right brain. D. Some parts of the brain. 10. Which of the following sentences is true according to the passage? A. We can make our memory 100% perfect. B. We can break the big information into big parts. C. We should spend a lot of time studying a small part of material. D. We’ll forget things if we don’t learn them well in the beginning. 11. According to the passage, the writer probably agrees with ________. A. sharing new information with friends B. remembering long numbers by writing C. learning at least 100 new words at a time D. getting angry when can’t remember some information 12. What does the writer mainly talk about in the passage? A. What the human brain is and where memory is stored. B. When we think well and how we remember everything. C. Why we forget something and how we improve our memory. D. What memory is made up of and who can have a good memory. 【答案】9. B 10. D 11. A 12. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了记忆的存储位置、遗忘的原因以及提高记忆力的方法。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Memory is made up of small pieces of information stored all over the brain.”可知，记忆是由储存在大脑各处的小块信息组成的，也就是说记忆储存在你整个大脑里。故选B。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Why do you forget things sometimes? The main reason for forgetting something is that you did not learn it well enough in the beginning.”可知，如果一开始没有学好，我们就会忘记它。故选D。 【11题详解】 细节理解题。根据“When you want to remember something, tell a friend about it. This way the new information becomes more memorable.”可知，作者认为当你想记住某件事时，就把它告诉朋友，这样的话新信息就更容易被记住。故选A。 【12题详解】 主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了记忆的形成原理，为什么容易忘记事情以及怎样提高记忆力。故选C。 D Today, we consider zero as a common number. Few of us know zero has an unusual history. Yes, zero is, in fact, very different from the other numbers. At first, there were only the numbers one to nine. Zero first appeared in India about 2,000 years ago. Many other ancient cultures didn’t mark nothingness. However, the ancient Indians were the first to consider nothingness a number. Little by little, global communication became more common. Finally, zero was brought out of India. It was accepted as an Arabic numeral (数字). During the 13th century, Arabic numerals were introduced into the West. However, Westerners had been used to using Roman numerals. Arabic numerals were not popular. This was especially true for zero. Since there was no zero in Roman numerals, people found it hard to accept the new number. Dishonest business people could easily turn a “0” into a “6” or a “9”. So some people believed zero would cause much trouble. Zero was also considered an unlucky number. That’s because it is close to negative numbers (负数) — the idea of having debts (负债). Florence, Italy, even didn’t allow people to use zero all over the city. It was not until the 15th century that zero and the other Arabic numerals were fully accepted. Business people played an important role. Just think about doing calculations using Roman numerals. You can hardly do any trade (买卖), can you? 13. When did zero first appear? A. In the 14th century. B. In the 15th century. C. About 2,000 years ago. D. During the 13th century. 14. Why did some people think of zero as an unlucky number? A. Because it could be easily turned into a “6” or a “9”. B. Because it was useless in doing trade. C. Because there’s no zero in Roman numerals. D. Because it is close to negative numbers. 15. From the text we can know that ________. A. zero was accepted as a Roman numeral B. the ancient Indians invented zero C. zero is an unusual number all the time D. people could use zero in Florence when it first appeared 16. How is the text organized? (①= Paragraph 1,②= Paragraph 2,…) A. B. C. D. 【答案】13. C 14. D 15. B 16. D 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了数字“0”的产生和应用。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Zero first appeared in India about 2,000 years ago.”可知，零最早出现在2000年前的印度。故选C。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Zero was also considered an unlucky number. That’s because it is close to negative numbers (负数) — the idea of having debts (负债).”可知，有些人认为零是一个不吉利的数字的原因是因为它接近负数。故选D。 【15题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Zero first appeared in India about 2,000 years ago.”可知，古印度人发明了零。故选B。 【16题详解】 篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段总体概括主要内容；第二段到第四段分别介绍不同时期的“0”，D项符合。故选D。 阅读短文，从所给的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，其中有一个多余的选项。 “I want to know how to speak English well. What can I do?” Bill asks this question like many students do. I ask him, “____17____” He answers, “I only learn English from my English teacher in the English lessons.” The first thing I will say is that it is not enough! If you want to speak English well, you have to practise more. You should speak to your friends, classmates, and other people as often as possible. ____18____ In my lessons I usually ask my students how they feel about speaking English, and they often say “nervous” “scared” or some words like these. The second piece of advice I can give is to relax. ____19____ If you can’t think of the right words to use, don’t worry about it. Just say what you want to say. Speaking English well isn’t just about practising your speaking. ____20____ You can listen to some English programmes. As long as you work hard, you can speak English well. A. How do you learn English? B. Don’t worry about making mistakes. C. It is also important to listen to English. D. Why is English important in our daily life? E. Speaking is the best way to learn a language. 【答案】17. A 18. E 19. B 20. C 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了学习英语的方法。 【17题详解】 根据“He answers, ‘I only learn English from my English teacher in the English lessons.’”可知，此处询问学习英语的方法，A项“你是怎么学英语的？”符合语境，故选A。 【18题详解】 根据“You should speak to your friends, classmates, and other people as often as possible.”可知，此处表示多说英语是学习英语的好方法，E项“说是学习一门语言的最好方法。”符合语境，故选E。 【19题详解】 根据“If you can’t think of the right words to use, don’t worry about it.”可知，此处表示不要担心出错，B项“不要担心犯错误。”符合语境，故选B。 【20题详解】 根据“You can listen to some English programmes.”可知，此处表示要听英语，C项“听英语也很重要。”符合语境，故选C。 四、完形填空（共10小题，每小题1分；满分10分） Once there was a boy called Meng Ke. His dad died, so he lived ____21____ with his mum, Mengmu. Mengmu wanted her son to study and make progress. But Meng Ke was a naughty boy. He followed the children next door to climb the tree to catch birds, jump into the ____22____ to catch fish, and steal melons. Mengmu thought, “My son doesn’t study hard because the living place isn’t good.” Then they moved to a house next to a ____23____. People moved around the market, talking and bargaining (讨价还价), while sellers ____24____ at the top of their voices, trying to attract (吸引) customers. Meng Ke saw this and ____25____ himself by acting like a seller. He learned to bow to the passers-by, welcoming them to buy his things and even bargained just like other sellers. Mengmu didn’t like it and told ____26____, “No, this is not the right place to raise my child either.” So she took Meng Ke away from the market. At last they moved to a new place beside the school. There Meng Ke saw the good pupils. He ____27____ from their manners (举止). He saw the students ____28____ books and he did so. Soon he developed an interest in writing and asked the teacher for ____29____. Mengmu thought the school was the ____30____ place she had been looking for. Later, Meng Ke grew up to be a well-mannered, knowledgeable man. 21. A. alone B. lonely C. loudly D. suddenly 22. A. forest B. river C. field D. park 23. A. zoo B. museum C. restaurant D. market 24. A. shouted B. looked C. smiled D. knocked 25. A. helped B. enjoyed C. told D. did 26 A. myself B. yourself C. herself D. himself 27. A. heard B. learned C. kept D. came 28. A. buying B. selling C. reading D. making 29. A. mistakes B. advice C. medicine D. money 30. A. difficult B. terrible C. strange D. right 【答案】21. A 22. B 23. D 24. A 25. B 26. C 27. B 28. C 29. B 30. D 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了“孟母三迁”的故事。孟子小时候是一个非常调皮的孩子，为了让孟子有一个良好的成长环境，孟母带着孟子三次搬家。 【21题详解】 句意：他的父亲去世了，因此他和他的母亲孟母单独生活。 alone单独地；lonely孤独的；loudly大声地；suddenly突然地。根据“His dad died”可知，孟子的父亲去世了，所以此处表示孟子和母亲单独生活，故选A。 【22题详解】 句意：他跟着隔壁家的孩子爬树抓鸟，跳进河里抓鱼，并且偷瓜。 forest森林；river河流；field田地；park公园。根据空后的“to catch fish”可知，空格处应填river，表示跳进河里抓鱼，故选B。 【23题详解】 句意：然后他们搬到了一个市场旁边的房子里。 zoo动物园；museum博物馆；restaurant餐馆；market市场。根据下文“People moved around the market”可知，空格处应填market与下文呼应，故选D。 【24题详解】 句意：人们在市场周围走动，交谈，讨价还价，同时商贩声嘶力竭地喊叫，尽力吸引顾客。 shouted喊叫；looked看；smiled微笑；knocked敲。根据空后的“at the top of their voices”可知，指的是竭地喊叫，故选A。 【25题详解】 句意：孟轲见了，就扮演卖主，玩得很开心。 helped帮助；enjoyed享受；told告诉；did做。结合选项和空后的“himself”可知，空格处应填enjoyed，构成短语enjoy oneself “玩得开心”，故选B。 【26题详解】 句意：孟母不喜欢这样，并且告诉她自己：“不，这也不是养育我孩子合适的地方。” myself我自己；yourself你自己；herself她自己；himself他自己。根据“Mengmu didn’t like it and told ..., ‘No, this is not the right place to raise my child either.’ ”可知，主语是孟母，是孟母对她自己说的话，用反身代词herself。故选C。 【27题详解】 句意：他从他们的举止中学习。 heard听见；learned学习；kept保持；came来。结合选项和空后“from”可知，空格处应填learned，构成短语learn from “从……中学习”，故选B。 【28题详解】 句意：他看见学生读书，他也这么做。 buying买；selling卖；reading阅读；making制作。根据“He saw the students...books”可知， 此处表示他看见学生读书，read books表示“读书，看书”，故选C。 【29题详解】 句意：很快他对写作产生了兴趣，并且向老师寻求建议。 mistakes错误；advice建议；medicine药品；money钱。结合选项和“asked the teacher for...”可知，此处表示向老师寻求建议，故选B。 【30题详解】 句意：孟母认为学校是她一直寻找的合适的地方。 difficult困难的；terrible糟糕的；strange陌生的；right适合的。根据“There Meng Ke saw the good pupils. He...from their manners (举止). He saw the students... books and he did so. Soon he developed an interest in writing...”可知，搬到学校附近之后，孟轲养成了爱学习的好习惯，因此孟母认为学校是适合养育孩子的地方，故选D。 非选择题（共40分） 五、语篇填空（共10 小题，每小题1分；满分10分） 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 Mo Yan is one of the most popular Chinese writers today. Many of ____31____ (he) books are bestsellers (畅销书). And his three books, including Red Sorghum, have been made into movies. Mo Yan was born in Gaomi, Shandong Province in 1955. There ____32____ (be) six people in his family. They are his parents, his two brothers ____33____ his sister. As a child, he went to the primary school in his village, and because ____34____ the poor family, he had to leave school and worked on the farm. ____35____ 1976, he joined the army and worked for the army. Five years later, he started writing and finished his first three ____36____ (novel). Later, he wrote ____37____ (many) than thirty famous books. His novel, Red Sorghum, came out in 1986, and it was made into a film by Zhang Yimou. It was his ____38____ (one) big success. Mo Yan ____39____ (win) the Nobel Prize for Literature in 2012, and he is the first one who got this prize in China. He also wrote some books after he won the Nobel Prize. He has a daughter, Guan Xiaoxiao. And his daughter is also a _____40_____ (write). Now he lives with his wife and his daughter in Beijing happily. In his free time, he goes on his writing. 【答案】31. his 32 are 33. and 34. of 35. In 36. novels 37. more 38. first 39. won 40. writer 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了作家莫言的生活经历以及他的成就。 【31题详解】 句意：他的许多书都是畅销书。he“他”，是主格形式，修饰名词books，用形容词性物主代词his，故填his。 【32题详解】 句意：他家有六口人。there be“有”，句子为一般现在时，主语six people是复数形式，谓语用复数形式are，故填are。 【33题详解】 句意：他们是他的父母，他的两个兄弟和他的妹妹。此处连接并列名词作表语，是肯定句，用连词and，故填and。 【34题详解】 句意：小时候，他上的是村里的小学，因为家境贫寒，他不得不辍学下乡务农。because of“因为”，是介词短语，故填of。 【35题详解】 句意：在1976年，他加入军队，为军队工作。表示在某一年，用介词in，故填In。 【36题详解】 句意：五年后，他开始写作并完成了他的前三部小说。novel“小说”，是名词，有数词three修饰，用复数名词，故填novels。 【37题详解】 句意：后来，他写了三十多本名著。many“很多”，根据“than”可知，此处用比较级，故填more。 【38题详解】 句意：这是他第一次大获成功。one“一”，是基数词，根据句意，这是他的第一次成功，因此用序数词first，故填first。 【39题详解】 句意：莫言在2012年获得了诺贝尔文学奖，他是中国第一个获得这个奖项的人。win“获得”，根据“in 2012”可知，此处用一般过去时，故填won。 【40题详解】 句意：他的女儿也是一名作家。write“写作”，是动词，有不定冠词a修饰，用单数名词writer“作家”，故填writer。 六、阅读与表达（共4小题，61—63小题，每小题2分，64小题4分；满分10分） 阅读短文，然后根据内容回答问题。 The Wright brothers and the first plane In 12 seconds in the year 1903, two young Americans changed the world forever. That was the length of the first successful flight (飞行) of Orville Wright and Wilbur Wright’s plane. Wilbur was born in 1867 and Orville in 1871. The Wright brothers developed a strong interest in flight from early childhood. They taught themselves maths and engineering. They started their flying experiments with big kites and gliders (滑翔机) and finally decided to make their own plane. The two brothers worked very hard to make a small engine and a propeller (螺旋桨) for their plane. Their first plane weighed 340 kilograms. Its wings were 12 metres wide. On 17 December, 1903, Orville sat in the plane and made the first successful flight at Kitty Hawk, North Carolina. His flight lasted for only 12 seconds and only covered 37 metres, but this was the first time when human beings successfully sent something heavier than the air into the sky with powered flight. Wilbur also flew the plane on the same day. In the last flight of the day, Wilbur flew for 59 seconds and covered a distance of 260 metres. The Wright brothers improved their plane, and by 1909, it could fly for 32 kilometres. The Wright brothers are surely among the most important inventors of the 20th century. 41. What were the Wright brothers very interested in from early childhood? __________________________________________ 42. When did the first successful flight take place? __________________________________________ 43. How long did Orville Wright and Wilbur Wright’s first successful flight last? __________________________________________ 44. How do you think the invention of the first plane? Why do you think so? Write 30words or more. __________________________________________ 【答案】41. Flight. 42. On 17 December, 1903. 43. 12 seconds. 44. I think it is a great invention for human beings. If there wasn’t the invention of the flight, it would not be so easy to travel to very far places. The invention of the flight let people find a faster way to go far. 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了莱特兄弟发明了第一架飞机的故事。 【41题详解】 根据“The Wright brothers developed a strong interest in flight from early childhood.”可知，莱特兄弟从小就对飞行很感兴趣，故填Flight. 【42题详解】 根据“On 17 December, 1903, Orville sat in the plane and made the first successful flight at Kitty Hawk, North Carolina.”可知，第一次成功的飞行发生在1903年12月17日。故填On 17 December, 1903. 【43题详解】 根据“His flight lasted for only 12 seconds and only covered 37 metres, but this was the first time when human beings successfully sent something heavier than the air into the sky with powered flight.”可知，奥维尔·莱特和威尔伯·莱特的第一次成功飞行持续了12秒，故填12 seconds. 【44题详解】 开放性习题，答案不唯一，参考答案为：I think it is a great invention for human beings. If there wasn’t the invention of the flight, it would not be so easy to travel to very far places. The invention of the flight let people find a faster way to go far. 七、书面表达（满分20分） 45. 亲爱的同学们，八年级上学期即将结束，在这个学期中，丰富多彩的学校生活一定给你留下了很多美好的回忆。假设你是李辉，请你用英语给你的笔友 Tom回封邮件，向他讲述一次你最喜欢的活动。 内容包括：1. 活动名称。 2. 活动过程。 3. 你的收获。 注意：1. 词数80-100，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 2. 短文须包括所给内容信息。可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 3. 文中不要出现考生和相关人物的真实校名和姓名。 Dear Tom, I’m happy to know you are interested in our school life. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hui 【答案】例文 Dear Tom, I’m happy to know you are interested in our school life. I want to tell you about my favorite activity this semester—the School Science Fair. The Science Fair was held last month, and it was amazing! I worked with my friend on a project about green energy. We built a small model of a wind turbine and explained how it produced electricity. Many students and teachers visited our stand, and we answered their questions. It was exciting to see so many creative projects from other classes. Through this activity, I learned a lot about teamwork and the importance of green energy. It also inspired my confidence in public speaking. I can’t wait to hear about your school activities too! Yours, Li Hui 【解析】 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇应用文，为电子邮件。 ②时态：时态为“一般过去时”； ③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏“信息提示”中一次你最喜欢的活动的介绍要点，适当添加细节，并突出写作重点。 [写作步骤] 第一步，表明写作意图。借用“假设你是李辉，请你用英语给你的笔友 Tom回封邮件，向他讲述一次你最喜欢的活动。”来引出重点介绍的内容； 第二步，具体阐述写作内容。从“活动名称、活动过程、你的收获等”几个方面重点介绍一次你最喜欢的活动的具体情况； 第三步，书写结语，表达“我也迫不及待地想听听你们学校的活动”的愿望。 [亮点词汇] ①be interested in对……感兴趣； ②work with与……合作； ③can’t wait to do sth等不及做某事； ④hear about听说。 [高分句型] ①It was exciting to see so many creative projects from other classes. (It is+形容词+to do sth句型) ②I can’t wait to hear about your school activities too! (动词不定式作宾语) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024-2025学年度第一学期八年级期末考试 英语试卷 （本试卷共65小题 满分120分 考试时长120分钟） 注意：所有试题必须在答题卡上作答，在本试卷上作答无效 第一部分 听力试题 （共30分） 一、短对话理解（共8小题；每小题1.5分，共12分） 听下面8段短对话。每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. When did the woman go home yesterday? A. At 6 p. m. B. At 7 p. m. C. At 8 p. m. 2. What are the two speakers mainly talking about? A. An English Week. B. Learning new words. C. English Corner. 3. Who has a poor memory now? A. Jim. B. Mary. C. Tim. 4. What present did Bob give Daisy for her birthday? A. A. bike. B. A camera. C. An encyclopaedia. 5. Which programme does Sarah think is boring? A. The sports programme. B. The history programme. C. The TV shopping programme. 6. What does the man probably mean? A. Computers are cleverer than human beings. B. Human beings are cleverer than computers. C. Computers can do more things than human beings. 7. Where can the man find the book about some old inventions? A. On the first shelf. B. On the second shelf. C. On the third shelf. 8. Why does the girl feel sorry for the Trojans? A. Because the Greeks captured their city ten year ago. B. Because the Greeks tricked them. C. Because they lost their city in one night. 二、长对话理解 （共12小题；每小题1.5分，共18分） 听下面4段长对话。每段对话后有三道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。 听第9段材料，回答第9至11题。 9 What class will Harry have this Sunday? A. An English class. B. A Maths class. C. A History class. 10. Where does Sara plan to go this Sunday? A. To the library. B. To the cinema. C. To the sports centre. 11. What day is it today? A. Thursday. B. Friday. C. Saturday. 听第10段材料，回答第12至14题。 12. Who does the woman need to buy school things for? A. Her students. B. Her daughter. C. Her son. 13. How much does the blue pencil box cost? A. 13 yuan. B. 14 yuan. C. 15 yuan. 14. How many kinds of school things does the woman buy in total? A. 2. B. 3. C. 4. 听第11段材料，回答第15 至17题。 15. Where did Eric go during his exchange visit? A. To Hangzhou. B. To Suzhou. C. To Guizhou. 16. What street food does Eric like best in China? A. Tanghulu. B. Jianbing. C. Naicha. 17. What does Eric think of the food in China? A. As cheap as the food in America. B. As expensive as the food in America. C. Cheaper than the food in America. 听第12段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. How does the boy go home? A. By bike. B. By bus. C. On foot. 19. How often does the girl go home by bus? A. Sometimes. B. Usually. C. Always. 20. What does the boy think of walking? A. Tiring. B. Funny. C. Good. 第二部分 笔试试题 （共90分） 选择题（共50分） 三、阅读理解（共20小题，每小题2分；满分40分） 第一节 阅读下面语言材料，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Traditionally, we take the subway with our subway cards or by scanning QR codes (扫描二维码) on our smartphones. But now, people traveling on the Beijing Daxing Airport Express subway have a new way to take a ride—they can scan their palms (手掌). To enjoy the service, people need to register (登记) their palm prints on machines in subway stations along the Daxing Airport Express subway line. Then they have to activate (激活) the palm-scanning function on their smartphones. Once they do this, they can scan their palms at ticket gates to pass through. After they finish the travel, the payment service on their smartphones will pay the money for their ride. Many people welcome the new technology. They think it helps them to travel faster and more easily. They don’t have to take out their subway cards or smartphones when they want to pass through the ticket gates. And they no longer have to worry when they forget their subway cards or when their smartphones run out of battery. What’s more, the palm-scanning technology is very friendly to old people and those who have special needs. Those people may not use smartphones well. This technology makes it possible for them to take the subway without using smartphones. Besides Beijing, the palm-scanning technology is also in service in the subway station of Shenzhen. And there are hopes that it can be used in more places like stores and restaurants in the future. 1. Traditional ways of paying for the subway ride include scanning ________. A. subway cards and ID cards B. ID cards and palms C. palms and subway cards D. QR codes and subway cards 2. If a person wants to enjoy the palm-scanning service, he should follow the order of ________. ①register his palm prints ② scan his palm at the ticket gate ③activate the palm-scanning function A. ①③② B. ②①③ C. ③②① D. ①②③ 3. What’s Paragraph 3 mainly about? A The rules of the palm-scanning technology. B. The history of the palm-scanning technology. C. The good points of the palm-scanning technology. D. The uses of the palm-scanning technology. 4. What’s the writer’s purpose in writing the text? A. To tell us something about a new technology. B. To share his experience on the Beijing subway. C. To show how technology helps him in his life. D. To encourage more subway-takings in Beijing. B Clothing is an important part of any culture and each country in the world has its own traditional clothes. Chinese culture has a history of more than 5,000 years, so the traditional Chinese clothing also has a long history. ★ Hanfu Hanfu is the traditional clothing of the Han people. It first appeared in China more than 3,000 years ago. But it disappeared with the beginning of the Qing dynasty (朝代). Now more and more young people start to enjoy wearing it. Wang Yue, a mother of two, was a fan of hanfu. She said each suit had its own cultural background and learning about it gave her a better understanding of traditional culture. ★Tangzhuang Tangzhuang is a type of Chinese jacket. The Tang dynasty was famous in the world, so the overseas Chinese were called “Tang people”, and their clothes were called “Tangzhuang”. Tangzhuang is made in different colors, the most common are red, dark blue, gold and black. It shows good luck and wishes. ★Qipao (Cheongsam) Qipao is a traditional Chinese dress. It first appeared in China in the 1920s. Qipao is made of silk, and Chinese women like to wear it because it can show their beauty. Song Meiling loved Qipao by nature. She always wore different qipao for different seasons. 5. Why did Wang Yue like hanfu? A. It had a long history. B. It had many different colors. C. It could help her understand the culture. D. It was the clothing of the Han people. 6. What was Tangzhuang named from? A. The overseas Chinese. B. A type of Chinese jacket. C. The people in the Tang dynasty. D. Good luck and wishes. 7. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. Few people enjoy wearing hanfu now. B. Tangzhuang is popular only for its special color. C. Qipao first appeared in China in the 1920s. D. The traditional clothing named after famous people. 8. What is the purpose (目的) of this text? A. To remember history of traditional Chinese clothing. B. To find out the differences of traditional Chinese clothing. C. To show the culture of traditional Chinese clothing. D. To show people’s love of traditional clothing. C Do you think you have a good memory (记忆) ? It is difficult to say exactly what memory is. Even scientists who have been studying memory for many years say that they are still trying to find out what it is. We do know that memory is not just one thing stored (存储) somewhere in the brain (大脑). Memory is made up of small pieces of information stored all over the brain. The human brain is very small and light. But it needs about 20% of the oxygen (氧气) that our body takes in. We can’t think well if our brain isn’t getting enough oxygen, so always make sure there is enough oxygen in the air when you need to learn or remember something! Why do you forget things sometimes? The main reason for forgetting something is that you did not learn it well enough in the beginning. For example, if you meet some new people and right away forget their names, it is because you didn’t record (记录) the names when you heard them. No one can remember everything, but everyone can learn how to improve their memory. Here are some ways: ●When you want to remember something, tell a friend about it. This way the new information becomes more memorable. Later on, think about the conversation with your friend. It will help you remember the information. ●Don’t over-train your brain. When you’ve remembered a list of new vocabulary, stop studying. It’s better to study a lot of material (材料) for a short time than a small part of material for a lot of time! But remember: you do have to practise your new vocabulary as soon as possible! ●If you have to remember something big, break it down into smaller parts. It’s easier to remember 198756430387 if you break it into four smaller bits: 198-756-430-387. ●If you want to remember a piece of information, and you can’t, don’t get angry. Relax when you study! Try to enjoy yourself. You are learning new things every minute. You will remember better if you are happy and relaxed. In short, none of (没有一个) the ways can make your memory 100% perfect, but all of them are helpful. 9. Where is memory stored in your brain? A. In the left brain. B. All over the brain. C. In the right brain. D. Some parts of the brain. 10. Which of the following sentences is true according to the passage? A. We can make our memory 100% perfect. B. We can break the big information into big parts. C. We should spend a lot of time studying a small part of material. D. We’ll forget things if we don’t learn them well in the beginning. 11. According to the passage, the writer probably agrees with ________. A. sharing new information with friends B. remembering long numbers by writing C. learning at least 100 new words at a time D. getting angry when can’t remember some information 12. What does the writer mainly talk about in the passage? A. What the human brain is and where memory is stored. B. When we think well and how we remember everything. C Why we forget something and how we improve our memory. D. What memory is made up of and who can have a good memory. D Today, we consider zero as a common number. Few of us know zero has an unusual history. Yes, zero is, in fact, very different from the other numbers. At first, there were only the numbers one to nine. Zero first appeared in India about 2,000 years ago. Many other ancient cultures didn’t mark nothingness. However, the ancient Indians were the first to consider nothingness a number. Little by little, global communication became more common. Finally, zero was brought out of India. It was accepted as an Arabic numeral (数字). During the 13th century, Arabic numerals were introduced into the West. However, Westerners had been used to using Roman numerals. Arabic numerals were not popular. This was especially true for zero. Since there was no zero in Roman numerals, people found it hard to accept the new number. Dishonest business people could easily turn a “0” into a “6” or a “9”. So some people believed zero would cause much trouble. Zero was also considered an unlucky number. That’s because it is close to negative numbers (负数) — the idea of having debts (负债). Florence, Italy, even didn’t allow people to use zero all over the city. It was not until the 15th century that zero and the other Arabic numerals were fully accepted. Business people played an important role. Just think about doing calculations using Roman numerals. You can hardly do any trade (买卖), can you? 13. When did zero first appear? A. In the 14th century. B In the 15th century. C. About 2,000 years ago. D. During the 13th century. 14. Why did some people think of zero as an unlucky number? A. Because it could be easily turned into a “6” or a “9”. B. Because it was useless in doing trade. C. Because there’s no zero in Roman numerals. D. Because it is close to negative numbers. 15. From the text we can know that ________. A. zero was accepted as a Roman numeral B. the ancient Indians invented zero C. zero is an unusual number all the time D. people could use zero in Florence when it first appeared 16. How is the text organized? (①= Paragraph 1,②= Paragraph 2,…) A. B. C. D. 阅读短文，从所给的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，其中有一个多余的选项。 “I want to know how to speak English well. What can I do?” Bill asks this question like many students do. I ask him, “____17____” He answers, “I only learn English from my English teacher in the English lessons.” The first thing I will say is that it is not enough! If you want to speak English well, you have to practise more. You should speak to your friends, classmates, and other people as often as possible. ____18____ In my lessons I usually ask my students how they feel about speaking English, and they often say “nervous” “scared” or some words like these. The second piece of advice I can give is to relax. ____19____ If you can’t think of the right words to use, don’t worry about it. Just say what you want to say. Speaking English well isn’t just about practising your speaking. ____20____ You can listen to some English programmes. As long as you work hard, you can speak English well. A. How do you learn English? B Don’t worry about making mistakes. C. It is also important to listen to English. D. Why is English important in our daily life? E. Speaking is the best way to learn a language. 四、完形填空（共10小题，每小题1分；满分10分） Once there was a boy called Meng Ke. His dad died, so he lived ____21____ with his mum, Mengmu. Mengmu wanted her son to study and make progress. But Meng Ke was a naughty boy. He followed the children next door to climb the tree to catch birds, jump into the ____22____ to catch fish, and steal melons. Mengmu thought, “My son doesn’t study hard because the living place isn’t good.” Then they moved to a house next to a ____23____. People moved around the market, talking and bargaining (讨价还价), while sellers ____24____ at the top of their voices, trying to attract (吸引) customers. Meng Ke saw this and ____25____ himself by acting like a seller. He learned to bow to the passers-by, welcoming them to buy his things and even bargained just like other sellers. Mengmu didn’t like it and told ____26____, “No, this is not the right place to raise my child either.” So she took Meng Ke away from the market. At last they moved to a new place beside the school. There Meng Ke saw the good pupils. He ____27____ from their manners (举止). He saw the students ____28____ books and he did so. Soon he developed an interest in writing and asked the teacher for ____29____. Mengmu thought the school was the ____30____ place she had been looking for. Later, Meng Ke grew up to be a well-mannered, knowledgeable man. 21. A. alone B. lonely C. loudly D. suddenly 22. A. forest B. river C. field D. park 23. A. zoo B. museum C. restaurant D. market 24. A. shouted B. looked C. smiled D. knocked 25. A. helped B. enjoyed C. told D. did 26. A. myself B. yourself C. herself D. himself 27. A. heard B. learned C. kept D. came 28. A. buying B. selling C. reading D. making 29. A. mistakes B. advice C. medicine D. money 30. A. difficult B. terrible C. strange D. right 非选择题（共40分） 五、语篇填空（共10 小题，每小题1分；满分10分） 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 Mo Yan is one of the most popular Chinese writers today. Many of ____31____ (he) books are bestsellers (畅销书). And his three books, including Red Sorghum, have been made into movies. Mo Yan was born in Gaomi, Shandong Province in 1955. There ____32____ (be) six people in his family. They are his parents, his two brothers ____33____ his sister. As a child, he went to the primary school in his village, and because ____34____ the poor family, he had to leave school and worked on the farm. ____35____ 1976, he joined the army and worked for the army. Five years later, he started writing and finished his first three ____36____ (novel). Later, he wrote ____37____ (many) than thirty famous books. His novel, Red Sorghum, came out in 1986, and it was made into a film by Zhang Yimou. It was his ____38____ (one) big success. Mo Yan ____39____ (win) the Nobel Prize for Literature in 2012, and he is the first one who got this prize in China. He also wrote some books after he won the Nobel Prize. He has a daughter, Guan Xiaoxiao. And his daughter is also a _____40_____ (write). Now he lives with his wife and his daughter in Beijing happily. In his free time, he goes on his writing. 六、阅读与表达（共4小题，61—63小题，每小题2分，64小题4分；满分10分） 阅读短文，然后根据内容回答问题。 The Wright brothers and the first plane In 12 seconds in the year 1903, two young Americans changed the world forever. That was the length of the first successful flight (飞行) of Orville Wright and Wilbur Wright’s plane. Wilbur was born in 1867 and Orville in 1871. The Wright brothers developed a strong interest in flight from early childhood. They taught themselves maths and engineering. They started their flying experiments with big kites and gliders (滑翔机) and finally decided to make their own plane. The two brothers worked very hard to make a small engine and a propeller (螺旋桨) for their plane. Their first plane weighed 340 kilograms. Its wings were 12 metres wide. On 17 December, 1903, Orville sat in the plane and made the first successful flight at Kitty Hawk, North Carolina. His flight lasted for only 12 seconds and only covered 37 metres, but this was the first time when human beings successfully sent something heavier than the air into the sky with powered flight. Wilbur also flew the plane on the same day. In the last flight of the day, Wilbur flew for 59 seconds and covered a distance of 260 metres. The Wright brothers improved their plane, and by 1909, it could fly for 32 kilometres. The Wright brothers are surely among the most important inventors of the 20th century. 41. What were the Wright brothers very interested in from early childhood? __________________________________________ 42. When did the first successful flight take place? __________________________________________ 43. How long did Orville Wright and Wilbur Wright’s first successful flight last? __________________________________________ 44. How do you think the invention of the first plane? Why do you think so? Write 30words or more. __________________________________________ 七、书面表达（满分20分） 45. 亲爱的同学们，八年级上学期即将结束，在这个学期中，丰富多彩的学校生活一定给你留下了很多美好的回忆。假设你是李辉，请你用英语给你的笔友 Tom回封邮件，向他讲述一次你最喜欢的活动。 内容包括：1. 活动名称。 2. 活动过程。 3. 你的收获。 注意：1. 词数80-100，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 2. 短文须包括所给内容信息。可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 3. 文中不要出现考生和相关人物的真实校名和姓名。 Dear Tom, I’m happy to know you are interested in our school life. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hui 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$