专题4 第3讲 无提示词类——冠词、代词和介词-【步步高】2024年高考英语大二轮专题复习与增分策略（新高考）

第3讲　无提示词类——冠词、代词和介词 　　　　　　如何确定填冠词 冠词是名词的标志，当空后是名词或“形容词＋名词”，而且没有其他限定词时，一般需要用冠词。 考查方向 解题思路 针对训练 不定冠词a/an 1.在文中第一次提到可数名词单数时，一般为泛指，用不定冠词a/an。 2.在序数词前，表示“又一，再一”时，用不定冠词a/an。 3.a一般用于发音以辅音音素开头的名词前，an一般用于发音以元音音素开头的名词前(注意：并不是指以辅音字母或者元音字母开头的单词)。 1.(2023·浙江金华十校二模)In addition to a palace，other large buildings emerged from the reservoir—fortifications(防御工事) with walls and towers and an industrial site. 2.(2023·安徽蚌埠二检)Each victory has also been a reminder of their own national team’s absence from the tournament. 定冠词the 1.第二次及以后提到时表特指，用定冠词the。 2.当名词后有定语修饰时，多数情况下用定冠词the。 3.用在序数词或形容词最高级前或有only，very，same等词修饰的名词前。 4.用在朝代或“逢十”的年代前，表示“在某世纪几十年代”。 5.用于表示姓氏的复数名词前，表示“一家人”或“夫妇俩”。 6.用于世界上独一无二的事物前。 7.用于被演奏的西洋乐器前。 8.用在普通名词构成的专有名词前。 3.(2023·江西景德镇三模)Without insects，the biosphere—the living parts of the Earth—would rot because of the loss of insect decomposers(分解)． 4.(2023·湘豫名校一模)And through these measures more typical representative species in this area have been monitored under the first level of national wildlife protection. 5.The Antarctic is the only region in the world that has never been home to human civilization. 6.(2023·吉林延边二模)Yazhou pottery saw a crisis in the 1980s，as many pottery factories were closed because the daily uses of pottery were largely replaced by those made from metal and plastic. 固定搭配 1.与不定冠词a/an 连用的常见短语： have a cold/fever/try/talk/rest/break take an interest in...　take a chance make a difference　as a result all of a sudden　a waste of... a variety of　as a matter of fact　in a word in a hurry　once in a while once upon a time　have a good time keep an eye on... 2.与定冠词the连用的常见短语： on the other hand　by the way take the place of...　in the front of... all over the world　at the end of... the same (...) as　by the end of... in the beginning　at the age of... at the beginning/start of...　at the moment 7.(2023·湖南衡阳3月质诊)The young people，who nowadays have access to a wide variety of China’s cultural heritages，are carrying the responsibility of spreading Chinese culture. 8.(2023·四川成都一诊) At the age of 32，he shocked the world by finishing first in his group with a time of 9.83 seconds on the semi-final. 注意　冠词的特殊用法还有： 1．动词＋sb＋介词＋the＋身体部位，如take sb by the arm“抓住某人的手臂”。 2．抽象名词具体化：某些抽象名词可以与不定冠词连用，常见的有pleasure，surprise，comfort，danger，success，failure，duty，experience 等。 　　　　　　如何确定填代词 语法填空考查代词时，有两种考查方式，有提示词类和无提示词类，人称代词、物主代词及反身代词多以有提示词的形式出现，已经在前面做了讲解。无提示词类主要考查对前面名词指代的代词、it的用法以及不定代词。 考查方向 解题思路 针对训练 代词的指代用法 1.如果空格前出现了单数名词，并且空格处作主语或宾语，可根据指代的情况用he，she，it或者him，her，it。 2.如果空格前出现了复数名词，并且空格处作主语或宾语，可根据指代的情况用they或them。 3.如果前面出现了单数名词或者不可数名词，后面再次提到而且是特指，用that。 4.如果前面出现了复数名词，后面再次提到而且是特指，用those。 5.如果前面出现了单数名词，后面再次提到而且是泛指同名不同物的东西，用one。 1.However，the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months，more than 25,000 people were using it every day. 2.He skimmed the pages quickly，and then read them again more carefully. 3.(2023·山东淄博一模)It’s extremely dry here，with the amount of annual evaporation(蒸发) being more than 60 times that of the annual rainfall. 4.If you’re buying today’s paper from the stand，could you get one for me？ it的用法 1.指代天气、时间、距离等。 2.用作形式主语或形式宾语。 3.用在一些固定句型和固定用法中。 5.However，it was not until three decades later that Zhi left the village and went to an even more remote village school in the mountains. 6.(2023·湖北七市调研)But it is well worth the effort to put the schedule exercise into practice. 7.(2023·河南平许济洛四市二检)Another reason that has made it possible for Chinese firms to perform well in the World Cup is that China has shown good economic growth amid a global recession. 注意　 1．常用it作形式主语的句型有： It＋be＋adj.＋of/for sb＋to do sth. It is no good/no use/useless/a waste of time doing sth. It is a pity/a fact/no wonder/adj.＋that... It seems/appears/turns out/occurs to sb＋that... It is said/reported/believed/...＋that... It takes sb some time/money to do sth. 2．常用it作形式宾语的句型有： 主语＋think/believe/suppose/consider/make/keep/...＋it＋补语＋to do sth/that... 主语＋like/hate/love/appreciate/...＋it＋从句。 3．其他固定句型和用法： It is/was＋被强调部分＋that＋其他。 When it comes to...当谈到…… as sb puts it正如某人所言 make it成功 　　　　　　如何确定填介词 当空格后出现的是名词、代词或动名词，且这些词不作主语、定语或表语时，需要考虑填介词。 考查方向 解题思路 针对训练 时间名词前的介词 年月周前要用in，日子前面却要禁。 遇到几号要用on，上午下午又是in。 要说某日上下午，用on换in才能行。 午夜黄昏须用at，黎明用它也不错。 at也用在时分前。 1.(2023·安徽蚌埠二检)Saudi Arabia sprang the first Asian surprise in Qatar on Nov.22，a 2-1 defeat of Lionel Messi’s Argentina. 表示地点和方式的介词 在……里，用in； 在……上，用on/over/above等； 穿过……，用through/across； 通过……方式，用by； 借助……工具，用with等。 2.(2023·湖南邵阳二模)The ground floor tends to be used as storage space for firewood and farming equipment.Livestock stay on the ground floor，while people always live over/above it. 3.(2023·辽宁抚顺一模)The lamp posts outside the store have also been decorated with braille street signs. “介词＋n.”搭配 by accident，in trouble，in spite of，in honour of，in search of，in vain，in turn，in return，at risk，on board，for free，on average等。 4.(2023·河南郑州一检)Zhang Xiaohong，Wang Fa’s head coach，founded the club in 2014，selecting around 20 talented local children and training them for free. “v.＋介词”搭配 remind sb of sth，rob sb of sth，go back to/date from，exchange...for...，run out of，account for，agree with，turn...into...等。 5.(2023·河南平许济洛四市二检)Besides，China has built an 800 MW photovoltaic station，constantly turning the abundant sunshine into electricity for the stadium in the Middle East. “adj.＋介词”搭配 be famous for，be curious about，be proud of，be rich in，due to，be devoted to，be fond of 等。 6.(2023·吉林白山二模)However，survival of coral reefs has been challenged due to changes in the maritime environment. Group 1　达标练 1．(2023·江西赣州一模)As it is purely and fairly clear and rich in color，there goes the saying that no water is worth your attention after your visit to Jiuzhaigou. 2．(2023·安徽黄山二检)Zhou has been offered opportunities to go abroad and exchange experience with peers overseas. 3．(2023·安徽池州质监)It has won the love of the majority of people in China and been regarded as one of the best matches for rice. 4．(2023·广东梅州二模)She wrote in the video，“My grandpa accompanied me as I grew up and I will accompany him as he grows old.” 5．(2023·福建福州质检)Chen says，“I feel it our responsibility to communicate about the charm of the primitive inscription with the younger generations and foreigners.” 6．(2023·海南万宁二模)After the books are returned，a 24-hour smart sorting line will allow them to be back on the shelves quickly. 7．(2023·广东江门一模)When the rover finally approached the object，it turned out to be a rabbit-shaped rock.What an interesting coincidence! 8．(2023·河北石家庄质检)It was a custom for people to hang peach wood charms to drive away evil spirits during the Spring Festival. 9．(2023·湖南株洲一模)One day，when we look up at the sky，we may find that many satellites in the vast universe are looking back at us. 10．(2023·陕西榆林一模)A living tree is thus an important storage site for carbon which might otherwise be added to the levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. Group 2　真题练 1．(2023·全国甲)She warns of the environmental dangers facing society，and she teaches that people must take responsibility for saving their environment. 2．(2023·全国乙)From Buddhist temples to museums，narrow hutong to royal palaces，it is home to more than 3,000 years of glorious history even down to its layout，with the city keeping its carefully built system of ring roads. 3．(2023·新课标Ⅰ)There，you’ll find them prepared differently—more dumpling and less soup，and the wrappers are pressed by hand rather than rolled. 4．(2023·新课标Ⅰ)The meat should be fresh with a touch of sweetness，and the surrounding soup hot，clear and delicious. 5．(2023·新课标Ⅱ)And who do they speak English with/to? 6．(2023·新课标Ⅱ)Not the pandas，even though the language used for the medical training instructions is actually English. 7．(2023·浙江1月)In contrast to the court life and upper-class culture represented by the Forbidden City，the Summer Palace，and the Temple of Heaven，the hutongs reflect the culture of grassroots Beijingers. 8．(2022·全国乙)May 21st this year marks the first International Tea Day，which was named officially by the United Nations on November 27th,2019. 9．(2020·浙江7月改编)My parents made it a point for their two kids to spend time outside，no matter the weather or season. 10．(2020·江苏改编)But it was the effects deep within the fat cells that may have been the most significant，the researchers found. A (2023·湖北武汉武昌区5月质检) The AI-powered ChatGPT has drawn great interest from investors hungry for the next big thing in Tech.Created by OpenAI，a private company backed by Microsoft，ChatGPT 1.___________ (estimate) to have reached 100 million monthly active users just two months after launch，making it the 2. (fast) growing consumer application in history.But its popularity has also made it 3. target for regulation，attracting the attention of US lawmakers with questions about its impact on education and national security.Congressman Ted Lieu，said that 4. he was excited about the Chatbot，he was also shocked by AI，specially AI that is left unchecked. One law firm focused on AI 5. (responsible) pointed to the national security concerns.It wrote of evil leaders，non-state actors and malicious(恶意的) state actors 6.__________(use) these systems to generate information that could be wrong or could be harmful.At this point much of the recent concern about ChatGPT has come 7. (main) from educators who focus on cheating and plagiarism(剽窃)．Others have voiced concern that their computer program could also be used to spread false information. In a statement OpenAI said，“ChatGPT’s free use by everyone is consistent 8.__________ the principles of democratization information.We don’t want 9. to be used for misleading purpose in schools or anywhere else，so we are trying to find ways to help anyone identify texts 10. (generate) by that system.” 语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。ChatGPT的受欢迎程度引起了美国立法者的注意，他们质疑它对教育和国家安全的影响。 1．答案　was estimated 解析　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。主语ChatGPT与谓语动词estimate构成被动关系，且描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时的被动语态，谓语用单数。故填was estimated。 2．答案　fastest 解析　考查副词的最高级。根据定冠词the以及句意可知，应用最高级形式修饰形容词growing。故填fastest。 3．答案　a 解析　考查冠词。此处表示泛指，用不定冠词，且target是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。 4．答案　although/though/while 解析　考查状语从句。结合句意可知，空处引导让步状语从句，表示“虽然”，应用although，though或while。故填although/though/while。 5．答案　responsibility 解析　考查名词。作介词的宾语，表示“责任”应用名词responsibility。故填responsibility。 6．答案　using 解析　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，use与逻辑主语evil leaders，non-state actors and malicious state actors构成主动关系，故用现在分词作后置定语。故填using。 7．答案　mainly 解析　考查副词。修饰动词应用副词mainly作状语。故填mainly。 8．答案　with 解析　考查介词。短语be consistent with表示“符合，与……一致”。故填with。 9．答案　it 解析　考查代词。此处指前文提到的ChatGPT，应用代词it。故填it。 10．答案　generated 解析　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，generate与逻辑主语texts构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填generated。 B (2023·江西新余二模) Up to now，the two episodes of Three Bodies released 1. (gain) more than 100 million views on the website.The latest animated(动画的) version of China’s award-winning sci-fi novel The Three-Body Problem has become a quick hit online，adding to the list of popular 2._____________(domestic) produced animations. 3． (call) The Three-Body Animation，the 15-episode series is based on the second book of Liu Cixin’s trilogy(三部曲) and has gained praise from fans online after being released on Dec.10.The “Three-Body” series is Liu’s best-selling science-fiction trilogy,4._________has since gained a massive following home and abroad.Due to the growing desire 5. the sci-fi type in China，Liu’s works have been adapted into various 6.__________(form)，including animations，games，films，and TV series. A previous animation based on the “Three-Body” series also appeared as a hit when it 7.__________(release)．In 2020，the movie，The Wandering Earth，based on Liu’s short story of the same name，became one of the most 8. (influence) movies in China，and the sci-fi movie lovers elected 9. the most moving one of the year.One global streaming platform is also releasing 10. adaptation of “The Three-Body Problem” series next. 语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了刘慈欣的小说《三体》的改编版本很受观众的喜爱。 1．答案　have gained 解析　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。由Up to now可知，句子应用现在完成时，主语是复数，助动词应用have。故填have gained。 2．答案　domestically 解析　考查副词。此处应用副词修饰过去分词produced。故填domestically。 3．答案　Called 解析　考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语，此处应用非谓语动词作状语，主语the 15-episode series和动词call之间是被动关系，应用过去分词形式，单词位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Called。 4．答案　which 解析　考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词The “Three-Body” series，指物，且关系词在从句中作主语。故填which。 5．答案　for 解析　考查介词。固定搭配the/a desire for表示“对……的渴望”。故填for。 6．答案　forms 解析　考查名词的复数。由various可知，应用名词的复数形式作宾语。故填forms。 7．答案　was released 解析　考查动词的时态和语态。根据主句为过去时，when引导的时间状语从句也用过去时，it与release之间为被动关系，故填was released。 8．答案　influential 解析　考查形容词。此处应用形容词influential和the most构成最高级，作定语，修饰名词movies。故填influential。 9．答案　it 解析　考查代词。此处应用代词it代指上文提到的The Wandering Earth，作宾语。故填it。 10．答案　an 解析　考查冠词。此处表示“一个改编版”，表示泛指，应用不定冠词来修饰，且adaptation的发音是以元音音素开头。故填an。 强化练(二十六)　语法填空(3) A You may think，salt is just a simple cooking element.Actually，salt is much more than that.Without salt our muscles would not move，and our heart would not beat.Salt means life. But do not think rubbing salt in a wound will help.Doing that would be painful and not heal the wound.To rub salt in a wound is an idiom that means to 1. (purpose) make a bad situation 2. (bad)． Early 3. (explore) understood that if they could keep food fresh，they could travel longer distances.So they made good use of salt to preserve food and explored the world. Salt was so important that it 4. (trade) pound-for-pound for gold in the past. Today，people still use “to be worth one’s salt” 5. (describe) a person who is useful and valuable.A person might also be called “the salt of the earth”，6. means he or she is dependable and trustworthy. In many old stories，spilled salt is a sign 7. bad luck and trouble.Even today，if some people spill salt，then they will throw 8. over their shoulder.They believe 9.___________ (throw) salt behind them scares the devil. But these stories about bad luck should be taken with a grain of salt.In other words，listen to a story or 10. explanation with suspicion and distrust. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章说明了盐不仅是生活必需品，还有其他重要的作用，并介绍了一些与盐相关的习语和习俗。 1．答案　purposefully 解析　考查副词。此处修饰动词make，应用副词形式。故填purposefully。 2．答案　worse 解析　考查形容词的比较级。根据“to rub salt in a wound(在伤口上撒盐)”以及常识可知，这样做会让情况变得更糟糕，因此应用bad的比较级worse。 3．答案　explorers 解析　考查名词。设空处在句中作主语，应用名词形式；根据句意以及空后的they可知，应用explorer“探险家”的复数形式。故填explorers。 4．答案　was traded 解析　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。设空处在句中作谓语，和句子的主语it为被动关系；结合时间状语in the past可知，应用一般过去时的被动语态，且主语是第三人称单数形式。故填was traded。 5．答案　to describe 解析　考查非谓语动词。设空处在句中作非谓语，use sth to do sth意为“用……来做某事”。故填to describe。 6．答案　which 解析　考查定语从句。设空处引导非限制性定语从句且在从句中作主语，先行词是前面整个主句。故填which。 7．答案　of 解析　考查介词。此处a sign和bad luck and trouble是所属关系。故填of。 8．答案　it 解析　考查代词。设空处作throw的宾语，指代的是前面提到过的salt，不可数，因此用代词it来代替。故填it。 9．答案　throwing 解析　考查非谓语动词。设空处在宾语从句中作主语，应用动名词形式。故填 throwing。 10．答案　an 解析　考查冠词。与前面的a story并列，泛指“一个解释”，用不定冠词，而explanation的发音以元音音素开头，因此用an。 B (2023·江西景德镇二模) Argentina in the late nineteenth century was an exciting place.Around 1870，it was experiencing an economic boom，and the capital，Buenos Aires，attracted many people coming here 1. (seek) jobs.These jobs didn’t pay well，and the people felt lonely and disappointed with their new life in the city.As the 2. (happy) newcomers mixed together in the poor parts of the city，the dance 3. (know) as the tango came into being. At the beginning the tango was 4. dance of the lower classes.It was danced in the bars and streets.Gradually，the dance spread into the upper classes of Argentinean society and became 5. (respectable)． In Europe at this time，strong interest in dance from around the world was beginning.The interest in international dance was 6. (especial) evident in Paris.Every kind of dance from ballet to belly dancing could be found on the stages of the Paris theaters.After tango dances from Argentina 7. (arrive) in Europe，they began to draw the interest of the public as they performed their exciting dance in cafes.8. not everyone approved of the new dance，saying it was a little too shocking，the dance did find enough supporters to make 9._____________popular. The 10. (popular) of the tango continued to grow in many other parts of the world.Soldiers who returned to the United States from World War Ⅰ brought the tango to North America.Then it spread to other countries. 1．答案　to seek 解析　考查非谓语动词。结合句意和句子结构可知，此处应用不定式作目的状语，即人们到这里的目的是寻找工作。故填to seek。 2．答案　unhappy 解析　考查形容词。此处应填形容词作定语，根据上文“the people felt lonely and disappointed with their new life in the city”可知，这些新来者是不开心的，故应用unhappy。故填unhappy。 3．答案　known 解析　考查非谓语动词。主句中已有谓语came into being且无连词，故空处应填非谓语动词，know和逻辑主语dance之间为被动关系，应用过去分词，作后置定语。故填known。 4．答案　a 解析　考查冠词。dance“舞蹈”是可数名词，此处为泛指，应用不定冠词修饰，且dance的发音是以辅音音素开头。故填a。 5．答案　more respectable 解析　考查形容词的比较级。空处应填形容词作表语，此处是把探戈传入阿根廷上流社会和从前相比，因此应用比较级。故填more respectable。 6．答案　especially 解析　考查副词。修饰形容词evident应用所给词的副词形式。故填especially。 7．答案　arrived 解析　考查动词的时态。空处为时间状语从句的谓语动词，陈述过去的事情，应用一般过去时。故填arrived。 8．答案　Though/Although/While 解析　考查连词。结合句意和句子结构可知，此处应用though/although/while引导让步状语从句，表示上下文的转折让步关系，且位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Though/Although/While。 9．答案　it 解析　考查代词。make后缺少宾语，结合句意，此处指代上文提到的the dance。故填it。 10．答案　popularity 解析　考查名词。根据空前的the和空后的of可知，空处应填名词，与后边的the tango构成名词所有格。故填popularity。 C (2023·浙江义乌5月适应性考试) Limiting the screen time of teenagers is not as effective as intended.A report 1.___________ (release) Tuesday showed that the “teenager mode” on 20 Chinese major video platforms，including TikTok，Bilibili，and iQIYI,2. (lack) relevant contents for minors as required，with some showing empty pages with no videos.Instead of adding more educational and knowledge-based videos in the feed，many were filled with food 3. (recommend)． Introduced in 2019 by China’s top Internet watchdog，a 40-minute daily time use on young users was carried out 4. no nighttime browsing was allowed.These features aimed to restrict the screen time of minors，limiting their access 5. harmful contents. With the 6. (grow) popularity of short video apps，there have been concerns about the overuse of 7. (they) and their impact on young users.A 2022 report by the China Internet Network Information Center said that nearly 40% of teenage Internet users encountered “8. (healthy) and negative information”． Over the years，academic experts and analysts 9. (criticize) video platforms for ignoring the flaws(缺陷) in their operating systems，though industry insiders claim that a shortage of content tailored toward teenage users has posed 10. additional challenge.While urging for regulatory efforts，some experts warned that too many restrictions could cause opposite effects. 语篇解读　这是一篇新闻报道。报告显示，中国主要视频平台的“青少年模式”缺乏适合未成年人的相关内容。 1．答案　released 解析　考查非谓语动词。主句已有谓语动词showed，故空处填非谓语动词作后置定语，逻辑主语report和release之间是被动关系，且该动作已经完成，故用过去分词表被动和完成。故填released。 2．答案　lacked 解析　考查动词的时态。空处为宾语从句的谓语动词，结合主句为一般过去时可知，从句也用一般过去时。故填lacked。 3．答案　recommendations 解析　考查名词。空处应填名词作宾语，recommendation“推荐”是可数名词，此处指很多推荐，故应用复数形式。故填recommendations。 4．答案　and 解析　考查连词。“a 40-minute daily time use on young users was carried out”和“no nighttime browsing was allowed”是两项规定，它们是并列关系，应用and连接。故填and。 5．答案　to 解析　考查介词。结合句意可知，表达“接触，访问”用access to。故填to。 6．答案　growing 解析　考查形容词。修饰名词popularity，应用形容词growing表示“增长的”，作定语。故填growing。 7．答案　them 解析　考查代词。作宾语，指代上文提到的“short video apps”应用宾格代词them。故填them。 8．答案　unhealthy 解析　考查形容词。和下文中的negative并列作定语，应用形容词unhealthy表示“不健康的”。故填unhealthy。 9．答案　have criticized 解析　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。空处为主句谓语动词，结合语境和时间状语Over the years可知，用现在完成时，主语academic experts and analysts是复数，助动词用have。故填have criticized。 10．答案　an 解析　考查冠词。challenge“挑战”是可数名词单数形式，此处为泛指，应用不定冠词修饰，且additional的发音是元音音素开头。故填an。 D Harmonious，elegant and emotional，these romantic features make Kunqu Opera one of the most loved art forms in China. Born in Suzhou，East China’s Jiangsu Province，Kunqu Opera distinguished 1.___________(it) by the superb techniques of its rhythmic patterns and 2. (become) widely popular during the Ming Dynasty.During the Mid-Autumn Festival in Ming and Qing dynasties，opera groups often gathered in Suzhou,3. (stage) theatrical performances in ancient China. Combining songs performed in the Suzhou dialect,4. (grace) body movements，martial arts and dance，Kunqu Opera uses a 5. (vary) of movements to express specific emotions.It also pays careful attention to each detail.Wonderful movements enliven the fingertips and unique 6. (tune) produce a rich and poetic world. Kunqu Opera had a dominant influence on many forms of opera in China thereafter，including Peking Opera,7. is about 200 years old.It is hence known 8. the mother of all Chinese operas. As a typical example of Chinese culture，stories performed in Kunqu Opera have transcended time and space.The Peony Pavilion,9. (write) by playwright Tang Xianzu，who is often compared to Shakespeare，is still loved by fans from around the world. A living heritage is 10. endless dialogue between the present and the past，and Kunqu Opera is a carrier to pass that legacy on. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了关于昆曲的一些知识，包括它的起源、发展、特点以及对中国戏曲形式产生的影响等。 1．答案　itself 解析　考查反身代词。此句的主语和宾语都是Kunqu Opera，故宾语用反身代词itself。故填itself。 2．答案　became 解析　考查动词时态。由and可知，空处的动词与前文中动词distinguished并列作谓语，根据句中时间状语“during the Ming Dynasty”可知，空处应使用一般过去时。故填became。 3．答案　staging 解析　考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语gathered，空处需使用非谓语动词作状语，stage和主语“opera groups”之间为主动关系，应使用现在分词形式。故填staging。 4．答案　graceful 解析　考查形容词。分析句子结构可知，空处需使用形容词graceful“优美的”作定语修饰名词短语body movements。故填graceful。 5．答案　variety 解析　考查固定搭配。固定搭配a variety of，意为“各种各样的……”。故填variety。 6．答案　tunes 解析　考查名词复数。根据空后的谓语动词“produce”可知，空处应使用名词复数作主语，tune为可数名词，应用复数形式。故填tunes。 7．答案　which 解析　考查非限制性定语从句。分析句子结构可知，该空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为Peking Opera，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，故填which。 8．答案　as 解析　考查介词。固定短语be known as，意为“被认为是”，故填as。 9．答案　written 解析　考查非谓语动词。根据句子结构可知，句中已有谓语is，所以此空用非谓语动词作后置定语，且与其逻辑主语The Peony Pavilion为被动关系，应使用过去分词。故填written。 10．答案　an 解析　考查冠词。dialogue为可数名词，此处表泛指，且endless的发音以元音音素开头，故用不定冠词an。故填an。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$