Unit 4 Honesty 讲义 2024-2025学年沪教版（五四学制）（2024）七年级英语下册

7BUnit4 Honesty 词汇词组练习 1.重点单词 音标 单词 词性 中文释义 /spel/ v. 拼写;用字母拼写 /'tʃæmpɪən/ n. 冠军;第一名 /'wɪnə/ n. 获胜的人;优胜者 /preɪz/ v. 表扬;赞扬;称赞 /mɪ'steɪk/ n. （言语或行为上的）错误,失误 /truːθ/ n. 真相;实情;事实;真实情况 /laɪ/ n. 谎言;谎话 /dɪ'sɪʒ(ə)n/ n. 决定;抉择 /sə'dʒestʃ(ə)n/ n. 建议;提议 /'trʌb(ə)l/ n. 问题;困难 /əd'vaɪs/ n. 建议;意见 /'kɒləm/ n. 专栏;栏目 /ʌn'lʌkili/ adv. 不幸地;遗憾地;倒霉地 /'kɒpɪ/ v./n. 抄袭//（书、报纸等的）一本, 一册,一份 /ɪk'spleɪn/ v. 解释;说明 /lend/ v. 借给;借出 /ˌæksɪˈdentəlɪ/ adv. 意外地;偶然地 /spɪl/ v. （使）洒出,泼出,溢出 /'keəlɪs/ adj. 不小心的;不仔细的;粗心的 /'æksɪdənt/ n. 意外;偶然的事 /ə'nʌðə/ der. 又一;再一 /'laɪftaɪm/ n. 一生;终身;有生之年 /beɪs/ n. 巴斯鱼,鲈鱼 /'fɪʃəmən/ n. 渔民;钓鱼的人 /'aɪlənd/ n. 岛 /taɪ/ v. 系;拴 /beɪt/ n. 鱼饵;诱饵 /'præktɪs/ v. 练习;训练 /kɑːst/ v. 投（钓线）; 抛（钓钩） /pəʊl/ n. 杆子;棍;杖 /'dʌb(ə)l/ v. 把…对折;折叠 /end/ n. 尽头;末梢 /lɪft/ v. 举起;抬起 /'hæns(ə)m/ adj. 美观的;悦目的 像…一样的 /'enɪweə/ adv. 在任何地方 /ðəʊ/ conj. 虽然;尽管;即使 尽管;虽然 /hʊk/ n. 钩;钓钩;鱼钩 /lɪp/ n. 嘴唇 /'ləʊə/ v. 把…放低;使…降下 /dɪsə'pɪə/ v. 消失;不见 /'vɪlɪdʒ/ n. 村庄:村镇 依照:根据 /pə'hæps/ adv. 可能;大概;也许 /tʃiːt/ v. 欺骗;蒙骗 /teə/ n. 眼泪;泪珠;泪水 2.重点词组表达 第一组 1.撒了一个谎 2.说实话 3.犯一个错误 4.做决定 5.提出建议 6.造成影响 7.看时间 8.下一个冠军 9.他们表扬了我的诚实。 10.我在一本故事书中遇到过这个单词。 第二组 1.担心 2.赢得一等奖 3.一个写作比赛 4.感到愧疚 5.向……道歉 6.说实话 7.洒了一杯水 8.对……诚实 9.我知道你不是故意的。 10.诚实为上策。 第三组 1.鲈鱼捕捞季 2.保护鱼类 3.限制捕捞 4.练习抛钓线 5.把鱼放回 6.弯曲 7.没有选择 8.一个成功的建筑师 9.一次又一次 10.和……一样大 11.他系上鱼饵,练习抛钓线。 12.他们去了相同地方钓鱼。 第四组 1.It is a____________ (一生的教训)，and you mustn't forget it. 2. The government made some laws to____________(保护鱼类). 3. Look! The pole is____________(弯曲).The fish must be very big. 4. The swimming pool in the central park is____________(最大的一个)in our city. 5. The lady told the police that she saw____________(奇怪的事情) last night. 6. Tom's father told him that he____________(没有其他选择)but to put the fish back. 7. Every day he went fishing with his ten-year-old son____________(相同的地方). 8. The tree is____________ (和……一样高)the wall, and it will grow higher. 第五组 1.编故事 2.等候物主 3.在公共汽车站 4.好的结果 5.把手机交给警察 6.太多找零 7.你是接受了帮助还是拒绝了? 8.你是告诉她真话还是撒了个善意的谎? 第六组 1. The accident____________(发生) at the entrance of a cinema two days ago. 2.____________(一个当地男孩)offered to help them find a place to stay. 3. People told the police that the young man____________(骗他们钱)。 4. The students____________(承诺) to do something to protect the water. 5.____________(在回来的路上)，Tom saw a car accident and called the police. 6. When the girl knew the truth, she left for home____________(流着泪). 7. The reporter____________(被深深感动)by the story, and posted it on the internet. 8. Luckily, a doctor on the train____________(提供帮助), and the sick lady was saved. 第七组 1.He____________(在……方面疏忽)small matters. 2. You must keep____________(你所说的),or they won't trust you. 3. If you tell a lie, you have to____________(记得一切) in order to cover up the lie. 4. The boy always tells lies, so nobody____________(相信他). 5. The students will____________(签名)on the honesty contract. 6. Let's write down your ideas and____________(与……分享)your classmates. 第八组 1.警察表扬了孩子们的诚实。 2.她所有单词都拼对了,成了赢家。 3.我的同桌从自行车上摔下来,磕伤了腿。 4.不幸的是,詹姆斯意外删掉了他电脑中一个重要文档。 5.我们必须对周围的人诚实。 6.这是我见过的最高的木塔。 7.即使没有人看着我们,也要遵守规则。 8.男孩非常喜欢这部卡通片,他一遍又一遍地观看。 3.词汇梳理 Write the words according to their grammatical forms(根据词性要求写出单词) 1._______________v.获胜 _______________n.获胜的人;优胜者 2._______________v.说谎;躺 n.谎言;谎话 _______________n.说谎者;撒谎者 3._______________adj.真实的 _______________n.真相;实情;事实;真实情况 _______________adv.真正地;真实地 4._______________n.意外;偶然的事 _______________adj.意外的;偶然的 _______________adv.意外地;偶然地 5._______________v.决定;选择 _______________n.决定;选择 6._______________v.建议;提议 _______________n.建议;提议(可数) 7._______________v.建议 _______________n.建议;意见(不可数) 8._______________v.解释;说明 _______________n.解释;说明 9._______________v.惩罚;惩处 _______________n.惩罚 10._______________v.钓鱼 _______________n.渔民;钓鱼的人 11._______________adj.低的 _______________v.把……放低;使……降下 12_______________v.欺骗;蒙骗;作弊 _______________n.骗子 13._______________n.运气;好运 _______________adj.幸运的;好运的 _______________adv.幸运地;好运地 _______________adv.不幸地;遗憾地;倒霉地 14._______________adj.诚实的;真诚的 _______________adj.不诚实的;不真诚的 _______________n.诚实;真诚 _______________n.不诚实;不真诚 15._______________v出现 _______________v.消失;不见 _______________n.外貌;外表 _______________n.消失;失踪 16._______________v.关心;喜爱;照料 n.照顾 _______________adj.小心的 _______________adj.不小心的;粗心的 【语法梳理】 Word partner 常见搭配 Verb + noun make money noise friends a difference a mistake a decision It is not easy to make money in a strange city. The children next door made a lot of noise. I'm sure the honest boy can make many friends. You will make a difference if you tell the truth. She said that she made a few mistakes in the exam. Think over the matter and make a decision. tell a story a joke a lie the truth the difference the time The old man tells his grandson a story every day. Someone told a joke and people burst out laughing. The boy never tells a lie to his parents. I think the man is telling the truth. Nobody can tell the difference between the two pictures. The little girl is learning to tell the time. 拓展 1.turn短语 turn in ① 归还 ②提交；上交=hand in turn up ① 出现，到达 ② 开大音量 turn on 打开 turn off 关掉 （煤气、水、电、 收音机、电视机等） turn out ① 证明是，结果是=prove ②生产 turn down ① 调小 ② 拒绝 turn into 把……变成……;译成 turn over ① 翻身，翻转 ② 移交，交付 in turn 依次，轮流 2.有关look的短语  look after = take care of 照顾，照看   have a look = take a look 看一看     have a look at +n = take a look at+ n 看一看某物  look up 查阅资料，字典     look down on/ upon 看不起，轻视  look for 寻找（着重寻找的过程） look out of…从…向外看  look out at sth 向外看某物  look into 调查    look over 检查   look up and down 上下打量  look up 向上看  look down  向下看  3. thank thank you / thanks for + n / v-ing 因…而感谢  thanks to...由于，多亏  thanks to one's help=because of one's help 由于某人的帮忙    thanks for one's help 谢谢某人的帮助  4.alone，lonely alone adj 独自一人（无感情色彩，只是陈述事实）在句中只做表语   lonely adj 孤独的，寂寞的（形容人感到孤独寂寞，带有感情色彩）  5. pleasant, pleased, pleasing  pleasant常用作定语，a pleasant trip pleased和 pleasing常用作表语，pleased主语常为人，pleasing主语常为物   pleasure n 愉快，快乐，高兴  be pleased with sb /sth 对某人、事感到欣喜的，满意的  be pleased to do sth 乐意做某事  it’s one’s pleasure to do sth 做某事是某人的荣幸  6.stop，forget，remember stop to do sth 意为“停下（正在做的事情）去做其他的事”   stop doing sth 意为 “停止（正在）做的事情”  forget to do sth 忘记要去做某事   forget doing sth 忘记已经做过的事     remember to do sth  记得要去做某事  remember doing sth 记得已经做过的事     go on doing sth = keep on doing sth = carry on doing sth 继续做某事（同一件事）     go on to do sth 接着干别的事 7.make make A out of B  用B制造A   make sth for sb 为某人制造某物  do sth for sb为某人做某事     be made of sth 由…制造（看得出原材料） be made from sth由…制造（看不出原材料）     be made by sb 由某人制造  8.say，speak，talk，tell say 强调说的具体内容 eg .can you say the story in English ?  speak 指说话的能力，后经常跟语言的种类 eg. Can you speak English ?  tell 告诉，讲诉  tell sb about sth 告诉某人有关有事  tell sb to do sth 叫某人做某事    tell sb not to do sth 叫某人不要做某事  talk 交谈，谈话  talk with sb 与某人交谈  talk to sb 给某人说（侧重于一方说，别一方在听）talk abou sth 谈论某事  9.pay，spend，cost，take sb pay + 金钱 + for sth  某人为…付…钱     Sb spend + 时间/ 金钱 + on sth     Sb spend + 时间 / 金钱 + (in) doing sth   Sth cost sb 金钱  主语是物 It takes/took sb + 时间 + to do sth   10.instead，instead of  instead adv 代替 单独使用，放于句首或句末  instead of + n/ pron/v-ing 介词短语 意为“代替…而不是…”放于句中 would like to do sth = want to do sth=feel like doing 想要做某事   would like sb to do sth = want sb to do sth 想要某人做某事   11.hope，wish hope to do sth 希望做某事  hope + 从句   wish to do sth 希望做某事 wish sb to do sth 希望某人做某事 12.get get on/off(the bus) 上/下车    get up 起床  get ready for 为...作准备  get oneself dressed 自己穿衣服 get well (better) 身体好     get in 进入，收集 get sb.sth.=get sth.for sb. 为某人买某物  get on well with sb/sth. 与某人相处很好，...进展顺利   13.send send sb. away 开除、解雇某人      send for sb. 派人去请某人 send up 发射       send sth to sb = send sb sth 把某物寄给某人          14.hear hear from sb= receive a letter from sb 收到...的来信  hear of 听说            15.到达某地的几种表达法   get to +名词  get +副词(不用to)     reach+名词/副词 reach后不接宾语不能单独使用  e.g. Do you know when he will reach? (错误)  arrive in/at +大/小地点 （后接副词，不用at/in）      e.g. get to Shanghai、reach Shanghai 、arrive in Shanghai到达上海  e.g. reach home、get home、arrive home 到家                    16. end by the end of +过去时间 （用于过去完成时）到...末为止   by the end of +将来时间 （用于一般将来时）到...末为止  at the end of+地点 在...尽头 in the end= at last 最后，终于   at the beginning of 在…的开端，开始   in the beginning 开始= at first       17.much too+形容词／副词原级 实在太...     too much+不可数名词 相当多的...  too many+可数名词的复数  18. sell sell out 售完 卖完 on sell 打折  in sell 当季  19. finish doing sth. 做完某事  complete to do sth 完成某事 be always doing 老是干某事       20. look for 寻找（着重指过程）   find 找到；发现（着重指结果）   find out （经过查询，研究）找到结果，发现秘密      search sb 搜身  search sp for sb/sth 为了搜查某人、物而搜寻某地  21.up 短语 take up 1) 开始从事 2) 占用 pick up 1）拾起 2) 收拾 3) 学到;获得 look up 1)查阅，查考 2) 向上看 set up 建立 give up 放弃 make up 组成；编造；化妆 stay up 熬夜 put up 张贴，举起 22. help each other 互相帮助 help yourself 请自便 can’t help smiling 忍不住笑 give a helping hand 伸出援助之手 God help me 上帝保佑我 23. set it up 建立它，设立它 set off 出发，动身，启程 set down the fact 记下事实 set back 耽搁，使推迟 24. look forward to the days 盼望那些日子 look around the school 环视学校 look up to my father 钦佩我的父亲 look round the cat 回头看那只猫 25. put away all your things 把所有的东西都放回原处 put together a model plane 组装飞机模型 put up an argument 提出论据 put your coat on 把外套穿上 put forward 提前 put aside 撇开；储存……备用 26. at once 立即，马上 all at once 突然，骤然 for once 仅此一次 once upon a time 从前，很久之前 27. after class 下课 after all 毕竟，终归 after-effect （药物的）后效，后作用 the day after tomorrow 后天 28. stay at home‘待在家 stay late 待到很晚 stay behind 留下来 ’ stay away from my daughter 离我女儿远一点 stay up 熬夜 29. in the past thirty years 在过去的三十年里（） 30. make some dumplings 做饺子 31. cut up the meat 切碎肉 cut off power切断电源 cut down the trees 砍倒树木 cut in 插嘴 32. listen to her 听她的 33. have sweet snacks 吃甜食 34. be bad for your body 对你的身体有害 be good for your study 对你的学习有好处 be of good use 有用的 35. make a call 打电话 call back 回电话 a long-distance call 长途电话 （be）on call 随叫随到 36. have your bad teeth pulled out 拔牙 pull together 齐心合力 pull back 撤离 pull her down 让她扫兴 pull off this clothes 脱下衣服 37. cut up the meat cut away all the dead branches from the tree 把这棵树上的枯枝全部砍掉 cut in on our conversation 打断我们的谈话 cut back 削减；缩减 38. use up the money use your head 用完钱 make better use of our time 好好利用我们的时间 come into use 开始使用 39. join in the charity 加入慈善团体 call him up 打电话给他 put your heart into it 用心去做它 put off the date 推迟日期 put up the paper 张贴纸张 40. the first to interview the pop star 第一介采访流行明星的人 at first 首先 first of all 首先 41. in and after class 课上与课下 42. have a cold 感冒 43. a chance to acquire knowledge 一个获得知识的机会 44. from here to the train station 从这到火车站 45. take off 起飞 take in knowledge吸收知识 take up room 占据空间 46. go wrong 坏了 go bad 变质了 go hungry挨饿 【例题精讲】 1．I ________ at 6 a.m., so I can leave for school at 7 a.m. A．get up B．put up C．take after D．get on 2．There are a lot of ways to keep healthy. ________, we can do more exercise and eat less junk food. A．To our surprise B．In the end C．For example D．In fact 3．Ann often helps me ________ maths after school. A．for B．with C．on D．by 4．They often ________ at 5:40 in the morning. A．wake up me B．wake me up C．wakes me up D．wakes up me 5．He lights a candle, but soon the wind ________. A．blows out it B．blows it out C．calls up it D．calls it up 6．My sister usually ________ at about 7 a.m. A．go to school B．goes to school C．go school D．goes school 7．Look ________ the rabbits. They are very cute. A．in B．on C．at D．of 8．—My brother is ________ drawing, but he isn’t good ________ it. —Well, maybe he needs more practice (练习). A．good at; at B．interested in; for C．interested in; at D．good at; with 9．It’s traditional to ________at the birthday party in China. A．write a letter B．play games C．make a wish D．plant a tree 10．The teachers are very nice. You can always ________ them ________ help. A．buy; for B．ask; for C．thank; for D．get; for 【巩固提供】 1.“Who ________ the sports meeting next week?” The class teacher asked our monitor. A．is interested in B．is careful with C．is responsible for D．is good at 2.Be careful when you get __________ the bus. A．down B．off C．up D．into 3.The disabled soldier ________ the bus with the help of Paul’s father. A．got off B．took off C．gave off D．set off 4.In order to learn English well, I often talk with my classmates ________ English. A．with B．in C．on D．by 5.Everyone should be careful _________ all electrical appliances everywhere. A．at B．to C．for D．with 6.We won! The honor (荣誉) belongs _________ all the members of our football team. A．to B．of C．at D．for 7.If you don’t know the meaning of the word, you can _________ the word in the dictionary. A．look after B．look for C．look at D．look up 8.It is said there will be a heavy rain tomorrow, so we have no choice but to ________ the school sports meeting. A．put off B．take off C．keep off D．set off 9.Peter will go on a trip with his family members ________ the end of the month. A．in B．on C．at D．by 10.I’ve told my mother many times not to ring me when I am ________ work, but she never listens. A．in B．on C．at D．to For Wh- questions 针对特殊疑问句 Alternative 1 选择部分 1 Conjunction or 连词 or Alternative 2 选择部分2 Question mark 问号 Whose bike scratched the side of your car, Tom's or Ben's ？ Which story do you prefer The Adventures of Pinocchio or Alice's Adventures in Wonderland ？ We use alternative questions to present a closed choice between two or more answers.我们用选择疑问句询问两个或更多选项的选择。 e.g. A: Should I tell him the truth or keep the secret? B: You should tell him the truth. A: Which shirt did he choose, the white one, the red one or the blue one? B: The white one. Notes: 1.To form alternative questions, we use the conjunction or to separate the answer choices.选择疑问句中，两个选项之间用or分隔. 2.To answer alternative questions, we cannot use short answers such as "yes" or "no".We start the answer straight away with an alternative.回答选择疑问句时，不能用 yes 或 no 之类的简短回答,而是要从选项中选择一项来回答。 拓展 1． 选择疑问句的含义： 提出两个或两个以上的情况或事物来让听话人对它作出判断或选择，这样疑问句就叫选择疑问句。这样的疑问句不能用 yes 或 no 来回答，只能从句子中选择一部分作为问题的答案。选择疑问句，or 前面的部分读升调，or 后⾯的部分读降调。 如：—Are you a soldier or a worker? 你是士兵还是工人？—I’m a worker. 我是工人。 2． 选择疑问句的结构：选择疑问句有两种结构形式： 1.一般疑问句 + or + 一般疑问句？ 如： Have you been there or will you go there? 你是已经去过那儿，还是将要去那儿？ Can you speak English or can she speak English? 是你会讲英语还是她会讲英语？ 当or后面的疑问句与or前面的疑问句有相同部分时，相同部分一般省略。 如： Will you go to work in Shanghai or (will you go to work ) in Shen zhen after your graduation? 你毕业以后是在上海工作还是去深圳工呢？ 2.Which / Who 所引导的特殊疑问句，A or B? 如：Which do you like better, this one or that one?你更喜欢哪一个，这一个还是那个？ Who are you waiting for, Li Lei or Li Ming? 你在等谁，是李蕾还是李明？ 注意： or之后如果是单数可数名词，必须要加上冠词。 三．选择疑问句的回答 1.不用yes或者no回答，问什么就选择一个回答。 2.回答时常用不定代词回答。 常用的不定代词有 all （三者或三者以上都） both （二者都）either （者中任意之一）neither （二者都不）none （三者或三者以上都不）。在运用时要由上下文的语境来决定使用哪一个不定代词。 1.— Are you going to borrow a dictionary or a magazine?— . A. Yes, a dictionary B. No, a magazine C. A magazine D . Yes, both 2.— Would you like chicken noodles or beef noodles?— . I’d like tomato noodles. A. Either B. Neither C. Both D. None 3.— Which do you like better, Math or Physics?— . I’m interested in them and quite good at them. A. Both B. None C. Either D. All 4.—When shall we go to the museum, this afternoon or tomorrow morning?— is OK. I’m free these days. A. Both B. All C. Either D. Neither 5.— Which do you like best, coffee, water or juice?— . I only like tea. A. Both B. Either C. Neither D. None 6.— What would like, milk or coffee?— . Just a cup of tea. A. Both B. Either C. Neither D. None 7.— Which do you like better, skating or skiing?— of them. I like running. A. All B. Both C. Either D. Neither 8.— Do you want tea or coffee?— . I really don’t mind. A. Both B. None C. Either D. Neither 9.— Do you like the pop star Wu Yi fan or the move star Lu Han?— . I am not their fan. A. Both B. Either C. Neither D. All 【课后作业】 基础巩固 1．We are middle school students and it’s not good for us to ________ school. A．be sure of B．be late for C．be happy about D．for sure 2．Most students spend too much time ________ computer games. A．plays B．play C．playing D．played 3．Please help me ________ the pictures on the wall, Mike. A．sit down B．get up C．put up D．live in 4．I’m glad ________ hear that. A．for B．to C．in D．at 5．—Mother’s birthday is next week. Can you ________ a good gift (礼物) for her? —Yes, a nice hat is OK. A．come on B．think about C．look at D．play with 6.Teenagers have all kinds of dreams. ________, some students want to go to the moon someday. A．In fact B．Such as C．For example D．All in all 7.Eating vegetables is ________ our health. A．good for B．good with C．good at D．good to 8．—Help your brother ________, Anne.—OK, but where are his sweater and trousers? A．brush his teeth B．take a shower C．get dressed D．eat breakfast 9.The young bus driver saw a ________ in the front of the bus and let the old woman ________ down. A．sit; sit B．seat; sit C．sit; sat D．sat; seat 10．—Tom, look at your room! There are toys everywhere. —Sorry, mom! I will ________ at once. A．dry them up B．wake them up C．tidy them up D．make them up 拔高题 11.Although the man was new here, he knew quite ________ about the people in the city. A．lot B．a lot C．few D．a few 12.Once a year, people take part in the “_________Lights” activity to help save energy. A．Show off B．Turn off C．Put off D．Take off 13.We ________ the poor people ________ a lot of goods. A．gave, to B．provided, with C．offered, to D．sent, for 14.The fire alarm suddenly ______ before he ran downstairs to the exit. A．went off B．turned out C．took off D．went out 15.If you don’t know the words, you can ________ in the dictionary. A．deal with them B．deal them with C．look up them D．look them up 16.Mrs Brown’s teaching style is similar __________ that of most other teachers. A．for B．at C．from D．to 17.My sister is ________ me in some ways. For example, both of us like music. A．the same as B．different from C．similar to D．familiar with 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$