2025届高三英语二轮复习培优外刊阅读导学案：TikTok起诉美国政府“封禁法案”违宪

高三英语培优外刊阅读 班级：____________学号：____________姓名：____________ 外刊精选｜背水一战！TikTok起诉美国政府“封禁法案”违宪 当地时间5月7日，短视频平台TikTok向美国联邦法院提起诉讼，指控美国政府针对TikTok的禁令在诸多方面违反美国宪法。今年3月以来，以“保护国家安全”为名，美国国会快速推进TikTok封禁法案，美国总统拜登4月24日签署了该项法案。TikTok此番背水一战，胜诉的可能性有多大？此案关键点是什么？ TikTok Sues to Block U.S. Ban By Jacob Gershman and Meghan Bobrowsky TikTok filed a federal lawsuit Tuesday challenging the constitutionality of a new law that requires a sale or ban of the popular social-media app. Beijing-based ByteDance has said it can't and won't sell its U.S. operations by the deadline, leaving litigation as its best hope to maintain its U.S. market. "There is no question: the Act will force a shutdown of TikTok by January 19, 2025," the lawsuit states, "silencing the 170 million Americans who use the platform to communicate in ways that cannot be replicated elsewhere." For now, life on TikTok is operating as usual. Courts previously ruled against some federal and state restrictions on TikTok, but have left the First Amendment issues unsettled. In the coming litigation, the Justice Department will need to show that Congress had compelling reasons that justify the burdens on free speech that come with shutting down a popular communications platform. "They're going to have to show this is a real and actual security concern, not a hypothetical," said David Greene, a lawyer with digital civil liberties nonprofit Electronic Frontier Foundation, which opposes the ban. The Justice Department declined to comment on the lawsuit. 【词汇过关】 请写出下面文单词在文章中的中文意思。 1.sue英 [suː] 美 [suː]v. __________________________ 2.block英 [blɒk] 美 [blɑːk]v.____________________；n. ____________________ 3.file英 [faɪl] 美 [faɪl]v. __________________________ 4.lawsuit英 [ˈlɔːsuːt] 美 [ˈlɑːsuːt]n. __________________________ 5.challenge英 [ˈtʃælɪndʒ] 美 [ˈtʃælɪndʒ]v. __________________________ 6.constitutionality英 [ˌkɒnstɪtʃuːʃnˈæləti] __________________________ 7.constitution n. __________________________ 8.constitutional adj. __________________________ 9.operation英 [ˌɒprˈeɪʃn] 美 [ˌɑːpəˈreɪʃn]n. __________________________ 10.maintain英 [meɪnˈteɪn] 美 [meɪnˈteɪn]v. __________________________ 11.shutdown英 [ˈʃʌtdaʊn] 美 [ˈʃʌtdaʊn]v. __________________________ 12.silence英 [ˈsaɪləns] 美 [ˈsaɪləns]v. __________________________ 13.replicate英 [ˈreplɪkeɪt] 美 [ˈreplɪkeɪt]v.__________________________ 14.settle v. __________________________ 15.unsettled adj. __________________________ 16.compelling英 [kəmˈpelɪŋ] 美 [kəmˈpelɪŋ]adj. _______________ 17.justify英 [ˈdʒʌstɪfaɪ] 美 [ˈdʒʌstəfaɪ]v. _______________ 18.hypothetical英 [ˌhaɪpəˈθetɪkl] 美 [ˌhaɪpəˈθetɪkl]adj. _______________ 【词块学习】 请从文章中找到下面中文相对应的文词块。 1.总部位于……_________________________________________ 2.阻碍提案通过_________________________________________ 3.质疑其可靠性_________________________________________ 4.维持紧密联系_________________________________________ 5.毫无疑问，毋庸置疑（+that）_________________________________________ 6.某事的发生是没有可能的_________________________________________ 7.临时关停_________________________________________ 8.工厂关停_________________________________________ 9.让反对派噤声_________________________________________ 10.重复实验_________________________________________ 11.反对、做出不利于……的判决_________________________________________ 12.作出有利于......的判决_________________________________________ 13.悬而未决_________________________________________ 14.司法部_________________________________________ 15.有力的证据_________________________________________ 16.为你自己的行为作辩护_________________________________________ 17.言论自由_________________________________________ 18.猜想，猜测（名词）_________________________________________ 19.一个假定的例子_________________________________________ 20.电子前哨基金会_________________________________________ 21.拒绝回应，拒绝表态_________________________________________ 拓展练习阅读理解 The world cheered when 12 boys and their football coach, who had been trapped in a cave in northern Thailand for over two weeks, were rescued on July 10. The coach, a 25-year-old former monk named Ekapol Chantawong, reportedly taught the boys meditation to pass the time, stay calm, and conserve energy. 46 So, what exactly is meditation, and can it truly be beneficial? Meditation, a practice with roots in various philosophies, fundamentally involves mindfulness of the present moment. In mindfulness meditation, individuals strive to shift attention away from distracting thoughts and focus only on the here and now. 47 Even briefly silencing one’s mind amidst work pressures or digital distractions requires practice. Meditation contributes to improving not just mental, but physical health as well. Studies have shown that it can increase immune function and reduce chronic pain. Meditation has also proven to be effective in decreasing instances of depression, anxiety and stress. It can also sharpen your mind, help your focus and attention, and improve your memory. 48 49 A few minutes each day can make a difference. Set aside both time and space, because rushing through it would defeat the purpose. Wear comfortable clothing and find a quiet spot away from distractions like TVs or pets. Sit cross-legged on the floor or upright in a chair, avoiding lying down to prevent sleepiness. As you settle, breathe deeply and observe your immediate sensations without judgment. Initially, it might be tough to quiet the noise in your head. 50 Over time, meditation will definitely become a comfortable and rewarding practice, fostering inner peace and enhancing overall wellbeing. A．Keep practicing and don’t give up! B．To embark on a meditation journey, start small. C．Guided meditations can help beginners get started. D．Mindfulness can be applied to everyday activities. E．Despite its simplicity, mastering this technique can be challenging. F．That is why some schools have started teaching mindfulness techniques. G．This practice did help them maintain mental strength during hardship. 外刊精选答案 【词汇过关】 请写出下面文单词在文章中的中文意思。 1.sue英 [suː] 美 [suː]v. 对……提起诉讼、控告 2.block英 [blɒk] 美 [blɑːk]v. 阻塞，阻止，拦截；盖帽（篮球用语）；n. 块状物；街区 3.file英 [faɪl] 美 [faɪl]v. 正式提起（诉讼、指控） 4.lawsuit英 [ˈlɔːsuːt] 美 [ˈlɑːsuːt]n. 诉讼 5.challenge英 [ˈtʃælɪndʒ] 美 [ˈtʃælɪndʒ]v. 质疑 6.constitutionality英 [ˌkɒnstɪtʃuːʃnˈæləti] 美 [ˌkɑːnstətuːʃnˈæləti]n. 合宪性 7.constitution n. 宪法 8.constitutional adj. 合乎宪法的 9.operation英 [ˌɒprˈeɪʃn] 美 [ˌɑːpəˈreɪʃn]n. 业务，经营 10.maintain英 [meɪnˈteɪn] 美 [meɪnˈteɪn]v. 维持，保有 11.shutdown英 [ˈʃʌtdaʊn] 美 [ˈʃʌtdaʊn]v. 关闭，停止运营 12.silence英 [ˈsaɪləns] 美 [ˈsaɪləns]v. 噤声 13.replicate英 [ˈreplɪkeɪt] 美 [ˈreplɪkeɪt]v. 复制，使复现 14.settle v. 安置，决议已定，落听 15.unsettled adj. 动荡的，悬而未决的 16.compelling英 [kəmˈpelɪŋ] 美 [kəmˈpelɪŋ]adj. 令人信服的 17.justify英 [ˈdʒʌstɪfaɪ] 美 [ˈdʒʌstəfaɪ]v. 证明……是合理的、正当的 18.hypothetical英 [ˌhaɪpəˈθetɪkl] 美 [ˌhaɪpəˈθetɪkl]adj. 假设的 【词块学习】 请从文章中找到下面中文相对应的文词块。 1.地点+based总部位于…… 2.block the proposal 阻碍提案通过 3.challenge the credibility 质疑其可靠性 4.maintain close contacts 维持紧密联系 5.there is no question（+that）毫无疑问，毋庸置疑 6.there is no question of something 某事的发生是没有可能的 7.a temporary shutdown 临时关停 8.the shutdown of the factory 工厂关停 9.silence the opposition 让反对派噤声 10.replicate the experiment 重复实验 11.rule against反对、做出不利于……的判决 12.rule for/in favor somebody 作出有利于......的判决 13.leave something unsettled悬而未决 14.Justice Department司法部 15.compelling evidence 有力的证据 16.justify your behaviors/justify yourself 为你自己的行为作辩护 17.free speech言论自由 18.hypothesis n. 猜想，猜测 19.a hypothetical example 一个假定的例子 20.Electronic Frontier Foundation电子前哨基金会 21.decline to comment拒绝回应，拒绝表态 【全文翻译】 TikTok一纸诉状，力图阻拦美国禁令 周二，TikTok提起了联邦诉讼，质疑“不卖就禁”这条新生效法令的合宪性，该法令要求出售或禁用这款流行的社交媒体app。总部位于北京的字节跳动公司（ByteDance）表示，它不能也不会在截止日期之前出售其美国业务，因此这场诉讼成为该公司保住美国市场的最大希望。 “毫无疑问，该法案将迫使TikTok在2025年1月19日前关停，”该诉讼称，“此举将让1.7亿使用该平台进行交流的美国人噤声，而这种交流方式在其他平台无法复制。” 目前，TikTok上的生活一切照旧。法院此前曾做出裁定，判决过某些联邦级别和州一级对TikTok的禁令为无效，但（封禁TikTok涉及的）宪法第一修正案问题悬而未决。 在接下来的诉讼中，美国司法部将需要证明美国国会能给出令人信服的理由，证明关停一个深受大众喜爱的通讯平台，对言论自由造成的负担是正当合理的。 大卫·格林（David Greene）是非营利组织电子前哨基金会（Electronic Frontier Foundation）一名专注于数字公民自由的律师，该组织反对这项禁令，格林说道：“他们必须证明安全隐患是一个真实存在的问题，而非某种假设。 ” 美国司法部对该诉讼不予置评。 46．G 47．E 48．F 49．B 50．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了冥想的定义、好处以及如何开始练习冥想。 46．根据上文“The coach, a 25-year-old former monk named Ekapol Chantawong, reportedly taught the boys meditation to pass the time, stay calm, and conserve energy.(据报道，25岁的教练埃卡波·占塔旺曾是一名僧人，他教这些男孩冥想，以消磨时间、保持冷静和保存能量)”推知空处陈述冥想的作用。选项G“这种做法确实帮助他们在困难时期保持精神力量”符合题意。故选G。 47．根据上文“Meditation, a practice with roots in various philosophies, fundamentally involves mindfulness of the present moment. In mindfulness meditation, individuals strive to shift attention away from distracting thoughts and focus only on the here and now.(冥想是一种根植于各种哲学的练习，从根本上说，它涉及到对当下的专注。在正念冥想中，人们努力将注意力从分散注意力的想法中转移出来，只关注此时此地)”以及后文“Even briefly silencing one’s mind amidst work pressures or digital distractions requires practice.(即使是在工作压力或数字干扰下短暂地让自己的大脑安静下来，也需要练习)”可知，尽管冥想有其哲学根源和看似简单的本质，但要真正精通却需要时间和努力，说明冥想具有复杂性和挑战性。E选项“尽管这个方法很简单，但是掌握它却很有挑战性”符合语境，故选E。 48．根据前一句“It can also sharpen your mind, help your focus and attention, and improve your memory.(它还可以使你的思维敏捷，帮助你集中注意力，提高你的记忆力)”提到冥想对提高注意力、记忆力等方面的益处，因此需要一个句子来进一步解释这些益处的影响。选项F“这就是为什么一些学校开始教授正念技巧”与前文衔接紧密。故选F。 49．根据后文“A few minutes each day can make a difference. Set aside both time and space, because rushing through it would defeat the purpose. Wear comfortable clothing and find a quiet spot away from distractions like TVs or pets. Sit cross-legged on the floor or upright in a chair, avoiding lying down to prevent sleepiness. As you settle, breathe deeply and observe your immediate sensations without judgment.(每天只花几分钟就能带来不同。留出时间和空间，因为匆匆而过会破坏目的。穿舒适的衣服，找一个安静的地方，远离电视或宠物等干扰。盘腿坐在地板上或坐在椅子上，避免躺下，以免困。静下心来，深呼吸，不加评判地观察自己的即时感受)”可知，这一段开始介绍如何开始冥想。选项B“开始冥想之旅，从小处开始”告诉读者开始冥想旅程要从小事做起，符合题意，开启下文。故选B。 50．根据上文“Initially, it might be tough to quiet the noise in your head.(一开始，可能很难让你头脑中的噪音安静下来)”提到一开始可能会很难让头脑安静下来，因此需要一个鼓励性的句子来激励读者继续练习。选项A“坚持练习，不要放弃！”符合题意。故选A。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$