2025届高三英语二轮复习培优外刊阅读导学案： “低头族”

高三英语培优外刊阅读 班级：____________学号：____________姓名：____________ 外刊精选｜“低头族”必看：走路玩手机，危害远比你想象中多 现如今，年轻人的“手机瘾”愈发严重，总是在低头看手机的“低头族”已成为一种引发担忧的社会现象。无论是在人行道上，还是在斑马线上，都能看到很多人戴着耳机、低着头，沉迷在自己的手机世界里。一边走路一边看手机，不仅有极大的安全隐患，而且对于身体健康甚至心理感受都存在负面影响。看手机如何影响人们走路的方式？又会对我们的身心健康造成怎样的危害？ Walking and Using a Phone is Bad for Your Health Spend time on any crowded sidewalk and you'll see heads bent over and eyes cast downward. But that screen in your hand isn't just diverting your attention. It also changes your mood, your gait and your posture. When we walk and use a phone at the same time, we reflexively adjust how we move. Video footage of pedestrians has shown that people on phones walk about 10 percent slower than their undistracted counterparts. People take shorter steps and spend longer time with both feet on the ground. These changes can gum up traffic on the sidewalk. And if walking makes up a big portion of your daily physical activity, strolling more slowly may have repercussions for your fitness. Looking down at a smartphone while walking — as opposed to standing up straight — can also increase the amount of load, or force, placed on the neck and upper back muscles, which can contribute to symptoms of "text neck." A 2023 study examined the psychological effects of walking in an outdoor park while looking at a phone — or not. "Generally, when people go for a walk, they feel better afterwards, and this is what we saw in the phone-free walking group," said Elizabeth Broadbent, one of the authors of the study. "In the phone-walking groups, these effects were reversed," she added. "Instead of feeling more positive after walking, people felt less positive — less excited, less happy, less relaxed." 【词汇过关】 请写出下面文单词在文章中的中文意思。 1.sidewalk n. __________________________ 2.divert v.__________________________ 3.gait n. __________________________ 4.posture n. __________________________；v. __________________________ 5.reflexively adv. __________________________ 6.counterpart n. __________________________ 【词块学习】 请从文章中找到下面中文相对应的文词块。 1.注视，把目光投向（某处）_________________________________________ 2.使…粘住，使…运转不灵（尤指机械或系统因堵塞、积垢等而运转不灵）________________ 3.与…相反，与…截然不同_________________________________________ 4.（某事物的）心理影响/效果_________________________________________ 拓展练习阅读理解 Did you grow up in one culture, your parents came from another, and you are now living in a totally different country? 51 The term “third-culture kids (TCKs)” was invented in the 1960s by US sociologist Dr Ruth Hill Useem. She first encountered this phenomenon when she researched North American children living in India. 52 Caught between two cultures, they form their own. While growing up as third-culture kids may sound challenging, these children often benefit from their multicultural background. In general, they often reach excellent academic results. About 90 percent of them have a university degree. Ginny, aged 20, was born in the UK. Since her early childhood, she had lived abroad moving around with her parents every few years before she returned to the UK to study. When returning to the UK to go to university, she realized she had benefited a lot from her years overseas. 53 While many other undergrads seemed unable to cope on their college life, she was easy to adjust to it. 54 In fact, many hardships may arise from this’ phenomenon. A third-culture kid may not be able to adapt themselves completely to their new surroundings as expected. Instead, they may always remain an outsider in different host cultures. Besides, when they return home, the home country can prove to be more foreign than anything they came across before. The peer group they face does not match the idealized image children have of “home”. 55 As a part of the growing “culture”, TCKs may find it a great challenge for them to feel at home in many places. A．If so, then you are a third-culture kid. B．Yet being a third-culture kid is not always easy. C．The languages picked up abroad were really useful. D．The only problem was that she caught the travel bug. E．This often makes it hard for them to form their own identity. F．After many years, these kids still could not adapt to their host culture. G．These children often get along well with those who suffer from the same confusion. 外刊精选答案 【词汇过关】 请写出下面文单词在文章中的中文意思。 1.sidewalk n. 人行道 2.divert v. 转移（注意力、资金等）；使（河流）改道 3.gait n. 步态，行走的方式 4.posture n. 姿势；态度，立场；v. 故作姿态 5.reflexively adv. 反射地，自动地（指动作或反应是下意识的或即时的） 6.counterpart n. 对应物；配对物；与…相等的人或物；副本 【词块学习】 请从文章中找到下面中文相对应的文词块。 1.cast your eyes 注视，把目光投向（某处） 2.gum up 使…粘住，使…运转不灵（尤指机械或系统因堵塞、积垢等而运转不灵） 3.as opposed to 与…相反，与…截然不同 4.the psychological effects of (something) （某事物的）心理影响/效果 【全文翻译】 走路玩手机有害身体健康 只要在拥挤的人行道上走上一会儿，你就会看到有很多人低着头、眼睛朝下看着。 但是，手中的屏幕不仅仅会转移你的注意力。它还会影响你的情绪、步态和姿势。 边走路边玩手机时，我们会不自觉地调整走路的方式。行人监控视频显示，边走路边打电话的人，要比专心走路的人走得慢10%，步子更小，双脚着地的时间也更长。 这些改变会阻碍人行道上的交通。此外，如果步行是你日常锻炼中很重要的一部分，那么步行速度变慢可能会对健康产生不良影响。 走路时不挺直上身，而是低头看手机，也会增加颈部和上背部肌肉的负担或压力，导致出现“颈椎病”的症状。（译者注：text neck直译为“短信脖”，指的是长时间低头使用电子设备引起的颈椎疾病。） 2023年的一项研究调查了在户外公园散步时，看手机和不看手机带给人的不同感受。该研究的作者之一伊丽莎白·布罗德本特（Elizabeth Broadbent）说：“一般来说，在散步结束后，人们的感觉会变好，而这是我们在不拿手机散步那组人身上所观察到的情况。” “在拿着手机散步的小组中，这些效果完全反过来了。”她补充说道，“散步结束后，人们不但没有感觉更积极，反而积极性、兴奋感、开心程度和放松程度都下降了。” 51．A 52．F 53．C 54．B 55．E 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了“第三文化孩子”（TCKs）的概念及其特点。 51．上文“Did you grow up in one culture, your parents came from another, and you are now living in a totally different country? (你是否在一种文化中长大，你的父母来自另一种文化，而你现在生活在一个完全不同的国家？)”提出了一个问题：“你是在一种文化中长大，父母来自另一种文化，而现在生活在一个完全不同的国家吗？”这个问题实际上是在描述“第三文化孩子（TCKs）”的特征。A选项“If so, then you are a third-culture kid. (如果是这样，那么你就是一个第三文化孩子。)”直接回应了这个问题，为下文详细解释“第三文化孩子”这一概念做了铺垫。故选A。 52．上文“She first encountered this phenomenon when she researched North American children living in India. (当她研究生活在印度的北美儿童时，她第一次遇到了这种现象。)”以及后文“Caught between two cultures, they form their own. (在两种文化之间，他们形成了自己的文化。)” 提到了一位美国社会学家在研究生活在印度的北美儿童时首次发现了“第三文化孩子”的现象，并对这类孩子进行了介绍。F选项“After many years, these kids still could not adapt to their host culture. (多年后，这些孩子仍然无法适应他们的寄宿文化。)”承上启下，these kids与下文的they形成呼应，进一步对“第三文化孩子”情况进行说明及他们不能适应当地文化，符合语境。故选F。 53．上文“Ginny, aged 20, was born in the UK. Since her early childhood, she had lived abroad moving around with her parents every few years before she returned to the UK to study. When returning to the UK to go to university, she realized she had benefited a lot from her years overseas. (Ginny今年20岁，出生于英国。她从小就住在国外，每隔几年就和父母一起搬来搬去，后来才回到英国学习。当她回到英国上大学时，她意识到自己在海外的这些年受益匪浅。)”提到Ginny在海外生活多年后回到英国上大学，意识到她从海外生活中受益匪浅。C选项“The languages picked up abroad were really useful. (在国外学到的语言真的很有用。)”与上文的“受益匪浅”相呼应，且符合Ginny作为“第三文化孩子”可能具备的多语言能力，并解释了这种能力如何帮助她在大学生活中轻松适应。故选C。 54．下文提到“In fact, many hardships may arise from this’ phenomenon. (事实上，这种‘现象’可能会带来很多困难。)”，暗示了前文提到的“第三文化孩子”的某些方面并非总是积极的或容易的。B选项“Yet being a third-culture kid is not always easy. (然而，作为一个第三文化孩子并不总是容易的。)”直接引出了下文要讨论的内容，即“第三文化孩子”可能面临的挑战和困难。故选B。 55．上文“The peer group they face does not match the idealized image children have of “home”. (他们面对的同龄人群体与孩子们对“家”的理想形象不符。)”提到“第三文化孩子”在回到祖国时可能会感到陌生，因为他们所面对的同龄群体与他们对“家”的理想化形象不符。E选项“This often makes it hard for them to form their own identity. (这通常使他们很难形成自己的身份认同。)”与上文的描述相呼应，解释了这种不符可能导致的问题，即“第三文化孩子”在多种文化中挣扎，可能很难在任何地方找到身份认同。故选E。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$