焦点 04 阅读理解之说明文-备战2025年中考英语新课标（核心素养）一轮复习之题型特训（江苏连云港）

焦点014 阅读理解之说明文 备战2025年中考英语新课标（核心素养）一轮复习之题型特训 【基础题】 A Imagine you are in a boat far out at sea. Suddenly, you hear a loud, deep, and beautiful song. Just as you are starting to enjoy it, the song ends. Then, it starts again. Who is out there making such music? It sounds like the music that people make. But in fact, this music is made by some species of whales. According to scientists, some whales express their feelings of loneliness through these songs. They may even sing the songs to show their sadness over the loss of a loved one. Each of these whale songs can last from a few minutes to half an hour, and it is then repeated. The singing can go on for hours, or even days. It is very loud, and can be heard over great distances. What is more amazing is that whales from the same social group sing the same song at the same time even when they are very far apart (相隔). On the other hand, whales that belong to different social groups sing different songs even when they are together. The music may change over time, but whales belonging to the same group always sing the same songs. Research shows that this helps the whales to communicate important information to one another within the group. Although scientists have been studying whale songs for a long time, they continue to wonder why whales sing. They also haven’t found out the different meanings of these songs. But maybe this is not a bad thing, for the beauty of nature often lies in its mystery. And the mystery could be part of the reason why the song sounds so beautiful to the human ear. 1．What’s the purpose of the first paragraph? A．To draw the readers’ interest. B．To tell the readers about a story. C．To express the main idea. D．To provide the background. 2．What can we know from the passage? A．Whales express their all feelings through singing. B．Whales in the same sea area sing the same songs. C．Whales in the same group can communicate well. D．Whales sing so loud that they influence each other. 3．What does the underlined word “this” in the last Paragraph mean? A．Scientists have studied whale songs for a long time. B．Scientists have divided the whales into different groups. C．Scientists haven’t completely known what whale songs mean. D．Scientists haven’t clearly known how long whale songs can last. 4．What may be the best title of the passage? A．The recent research on whale songs B．The meanings of whale songs C．The communication among whales D．Scientists and different whales 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．C 4．A 【难度】0.85 【知识点】音乐与舞蹈、科普知识、说明文、濒危生物 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了鲸鱼通过歌声表达情感，同时也是一种社交的方式。 1．主旨大意题。根据“Imagine you are in a boat far out at sea. Suddenly, you hear a loud, deep, and beautiful song. Just as you are starting to enjoy it, the song ends. Then, it starts again. Who is out there making such music?”可知，第一段通过想象你坐在远海的一艘船上，听到一首又响亮、又深沉、又优美的歌，引出本文的主题——鲸鱼唱歌，目的是吸引读者的兴趣，故选A。 2．推理判断题。根据“The music may change over time, but whales belonging to the same group always sing the same songs. Research shows that this helps the whales to communicate important information to one another within the group.”可知，同一组的鲸鱼可以很好地交流，故选C。 3．词义猜测题。根据“They also haven’t found out the different meanings of these songs. But maybe this is not a bad thing, for the beauty of nature often lies in its mystery.”可知，他们也没有发现这些歌曲的不同含义。但也许这并不是一件坏事，因为大自然的美丽往往在于它的神秘。“this”指的是科学家们还不知道鲸鱼的歌声意味着什么，故选C。 4．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了科学家对鲸鱼歌声的研究，包括鲸鱼歌声的特点、同一群体鲸鱼歌声相同的现象以及科学家对鲸鱼歌声含义还未完全了解等内容，A选项“关于鲸鱼歌声的最新研究”最能概括文章内容。故选A。 B Have you ever wondered why so many apps are free to use? After all, they cost money to run. Well, instead of paying with money, you’re paying by sharing your personal data (数据). Then businesses buy and use the data so that they can show you target ads. What happened to personal information online? Many free apps get paid by businesses who want to know about the users of the apps. What a business wants is the exact information about customers. Data brokers (数据分析员) collect your data—everything from your name, location and education level to the topics you search for, the websites you visit and the people you follow. And then, sell them to businesses. ▲ The data is valuable. Businesses can use the information from data brokers to target their ads. It means they will show their ads to the people who are most likely to be interested in their products or services. What can we do about it? Many countries have made laws to protect personal information. For example, a law in the United States says businesses must get parents’ permission (许可) to collect personal data from kids under 13. China’s law on personal information protection came into effect on November 1st, 2021. At the same time, we should try to protect our data. If an app asks for something like your location, consider saying “No”first. In short, information about you is very valuable. Try to protect it. 1．According to the passages, how can people use some apps for free? A．By sharing their personal data. B．By buying and using the data. C．By showing the target ads. D．By talking with friends. 2．According to the passage, which picture can describe how businesses show us target ads? A． B． C． D． 2．Which of the following can be put in the “ ▲ ”? A．What are the people interested in? B．Why do businesses show their ads? C．Why do businesses want the data? D．What are the new products? 3．Who’s the passage written for? A．Businessmen. B．App users. C．Lawyers. D．Data brokers. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．B 【难度】0.85 【知识点】数字与数据、说明文、信息安全 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了APP上呈现的广告引出我们的个人信息被企业收集和贩卖，进而指出我们应该高度重视和保护个人信息。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“instead of paying with money, you’re paying by sharing your personal data”可知，通过分享你的个人数据来免费使用一些软件。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“Data brokers collect your data—everything from your name, location and education level to the topics you search for, the websites you visit and the people you follow. And then, sell them to businesses”及第五段“Businesses can use the information from data brokers to target their ads”可知，用户使用那些应用软件，然后数据分析员收集你的所有数据，然后把它们卖给企业，企业再定投广告。此思路对应图片B，故选B。 3．主旨大意题。通读第五段，主要介绍了企业为什么需要这些数据和这些数据的用途，选项C“为什么企业想要这些数据”，符合段落大意，故选C。 4．推理判断题。阅读全文，本文介绍了为什么用户能够免费使用应用程序，因此这篇文章的阅读对象是应用程序的使用者，故选B。 C It’s common to carry things on bikes, trains and even planes. But do you know small drones (无人机) can help carry packages to your home? For two years, Google has been working hard in their secret research lab. Their latest project is called Project Wing. Project Wing is Google’s invention of a drone delivery service. It is half plane and half helicopter and is slightly bigger than a seagull. It can deliver packages to buyers by drone to door. The first drone test was made on a farm in Warwick, Australia. It sent sweets and dog treats to a farmer. The drone flew to the farm, hovered (盘旋), and dropped the package with a wire. Delivery is here! The best thing about drone delivery services is that delivery time will be greatly cut down. You’ll be able to order what you like online in the morning. And by noontime, the delivery drone will land your package. Throughout history, there have been different kinds of inventions that have helped people move things around, said Astro Teller, lead scientist of Google Wing, to CNN. Teller thinks Google drones will be the next big step. Interestingly, drones are not that young. The US has been using armed drones since 2002. But drones may also get another use. Film companies have asked to use drones to shoot videos from the sky. Yet Google’s delivery drones won’t be able to fly to buyers any time soon. However, Google has proved that drone delivery is possible. And with Amazon announcing their drone delivery service last year, the further research is going on to make delivery drones safe and suitable for buyers. 1．What is Project Wing? A．Armed drones. B．Google’s invention. C．New apple APP. D．Wings to help people fly. 2．What’s the usage of the drone in Project Wing according to the passage? A．Taking photos. B．Delivering packages. C．Ordering online. D．Hovering in the sky. 3．The best thing about drone delivery services is that ________. A．delivery time will be greatly cut down. B．drop the package with a wire. C．deliver the packages to the door. D．land your package. 4．From the text we know that ________. A．The first drone test was made in a company in Australia B．You can order things online and get them by drone quickly C．Astro Teller thinks Google will have another big step about delivery D．Film companies can’t use drones to shoot videos 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．A 4．B 【难度】0.85 【知识点】发明与创造、说明文 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了谷歌的无人机送货服务项目。 1．细节理解题。根据“Project Wing is Google’s invention of a drone delivery service.”可知，Project Wing是谷歌发明的无人机送货服务。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“It is half plane and half helicopter and is slightly bigger than a seagull. It can deliver packages to buyers by drone to door.”可知，无人机可以送货。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“The best thing about drone delivery services is that delivery time will be greatly cut down.”可知，无人机送货服务的最大优点是大大缩短送货时间。故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据“You’ll be able to order what you like online in the morning. And by noontime, the delivery drone will land your package.”可推知，你可以在网上订购东西，然后用无人机迅速送货。故选B。 【提升题】 A Poems from Tang and Song dynasties, operas from Yuan Dynasty, and novels from Ming and Qing dynasties are very famous in China’s history. Today, I’d like to recommend a famous poet and writer in the mid-Tang Dynasty, Liu Yuxi（772-842）. Song of Autumn is one of his poems. Just as shown in the first line of the poem, most ancient poets liked to describe autumn as a sad time, but in this poem the season appears differently. In Liu’s eyes, autumn, full of life and hope, is even better than spring morning. He describes the bright scene of a crane riding the clouds and flying into the blue sky. With his poems paying special attention to expressing personal feelings, as well as the daily life of common people, Liu wrote poems with beautiful music-like words. You may feel it in this poem. Though being translated thoughtfully by experienced Xu Yuanchong, the poem still reads not so beautifully as that in Chinese. I personally think that English is sometimes not so powerful as Chinese. Here is another example, in Liu’s essay An Eulogium on a Humble Cell (《陋室铭》), with less than 100 words, he shows a lively picture of his humble cell. However, it also shows how he was pleased with the poor and simple life. People may find it strange that one can feel happy living in such a humble cell. Learning from his famous sentence, “Be fragrant because of my virtues (斯是陋室, 惟吾德馨)”, I think to be a respectable man is more important than to live in big houses, to wear beautiful clothes, to enjoy delicious food, and even to gain knowledge. 1．Which dynasty is the poem Song of Autumn written in? A．Tang. B．Song. C．Yuan. D．Ming. 2．According to Paragraph 2, which best describes Liu Yuxi? A．Strange. B．Honest. C．Lonely. D．Hopeful. 3．Influenced by Liu Yuxi, which of the following does the writer think is the most important? A．To pay no attention to others. B．To have many good qualities. C．To live a poor and simple life. D．To live in a comfortable house. 4．What’s the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．B 4．A 【难度】0.65 【知识点】历史人物、中华文化、说明文 【导语】本文介绍著名诗人刘禹锡的两首诗歌——《秋词》和《陋室铭》，从诗歌中展现出刘禹锡的个人特色以及作者的感悟。 1．细节理解题。根据“Today, I’d like to recommend a famous poet and writer in the mid-Tang Dynasty, Liu Yuxi（772-842）.”可知，《秋词》是唐代诗人刘禹锡写的，故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“In Liu’s eyes, autumn, full of life and hope, is even better than spring morning.”可知刘禹锡是充满希望的，故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“I think to be a respectable man is more important than to live in big houses, to wear beautiful clothes, to enjoy delicious food, and even to gain knowledge.”可知，作者认为做一个受人尊敬的人比住大房子，穿漂亮的衣服，享受美味的食物，甚至获得知识更重要。即要有好的品质。故选B。 4．篇章结构题。本文介绍著名诗人刘禹锡的两首诗歌。第一段总的介绍诗人刘禹锡，第二三四段分别介绍了诗人的诗歌及特点；是总分结构，故选A。 B ①As a saying goes, “When one drinks water, one must not forget where it comes from.” However, many teenagers only care more about themselves instead of other things. Gratifyingly, little Ming is an exceptional. The boy who lived in Zhengzhou by the Yellow River, asked his mother a question which was puzzling him “Mum, why isn’t our water dirty? Why does it taste so fresh?” His mother smiled, and told him “That’s because the water in our house comes from the Dan River in the south, by means of the South-to-North Water Diversion (转移) Project.” What is the South-to-North Water Diversion Project? ②As early as 1952, Chairman Mao Zedong pointed out “There is plenty of water in the south of our country, but a shortage of water in the north. If possible, we should borrow some water from the south.” This was the first time the great idea of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project had been mentioned. This project, as its name suggests, simply means ________. How is the water diverted? ③From the plan for the project, you can discover that most of the water will come from the Yangtze River. This is because the Yangtze River is China’s largest river basin, where water resources are constantly stable. You can also discover that the whole project is divided into western, central and eastern routes, to be completed one after the other, starting with the eastern one. And a close look at the plan will show that the Yangtze River’s water is extracted (抽取) by a pumping station, and is sent through a channel over one thousand kilometers to Tianjin and other places nearby. ④China’s great water diversion project has transferred nearly 30 billion cubic meters of water in the past five years. The first part of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project’s central route has directly helped over 120 million people since it went into operation on Dec. 12, 2014, according to the Ministry of Water Resources. 1．The writer’s main purpose in writing the first paragraph is ________. A．to introduce the topic and catch readers’ attention B．to explain the reason for the clean and sweet water clearly C．to tell the readers what the people’s life in Zhengzhou is like D．to show the route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project 2．Which sentence should go on the empty line in Paragraph 2? A．diverting water from the Yangtze River to the Yellow River. B．diverting water from the Yellow River to the Yangtze River. C．diverting water from North China to the southern parts of the country. D．diverting water from South China to the northern parts of the country. 3．According to the passage, the correct order is ________. ①over 120 million people have benefited from the project. ②the great project started with the eastern route. ③on Dec. 12, 2014 the project was put into use. ④Chairman Mao Zedong advised to borrow water from the south. ⑤the situation of water shortage in the north was very serious. A．④⑤②③① B．⑤④②③① C．⑤④①②③ D．④⑤①②③ 4．What’s the best title for this passage? A．Three routes of the Water Diversion Project B．The South-to-North Water Diversion Project C．Little Ming’s Question and Mum’s Answer D．The report from the Ministry of Water Resources 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．B 4．B 【难度】0.65 【知识点】科普知识、说明文 【导语】本文介绍了南水北调工程及其实施情况。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段“…Mum, why isn’t our water dirty? Why does it taste so fresh…”可知，通过小明的问题和妈妈的回答将话题引到南水北调工程，所以第一段的目的是在介绍主题，吸引读者的注意。故选A。 2．推理判断题。根据第二段“‘If possible, we should borrow some water from the south. ’ This was the first time the great idea of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project had been mentioned.”可知毛主席提出了向南方借点水的建议及南水北调工程的伟大构想，故选项D“从南方调水到北方”符合语境。故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据第二段“but a shortage of water in the north. If possible, we should borrow some water from the south”可知北方缺水的情况非常严重，毛主席建议向南方借水；根据第三段“starting with the eastern one.”可知伟大的工程始于东线；根据第四段“The first part of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project’s central route has directly helped over 120 million people since it went into operation on Dec. 12, 2014, according to the Ministry of Water Resources.”可知2014年12月12日，该项目投入使用，超过1.2亿人从该项目中受益；正确顺序是⑤④②③①。 故选B。 4．最佳标题题。本文介绍了南水北调工程及其实施情况，以选项B “南水北调工程”为标题最合适。故选B。 C On December 2, China Medja Group introduced the official mascot (吉祥物) for the 2025 Spring Festival Gala (春晚): “Si Shengsheng”. This cheerful mascot brings good wishes to Chinese people around the world, hoping that everyone has a new year filled with health, happiness, and good luck. The mascot “Si Shengsheng” is inspired (启发) by Chinese traditional culture. Its design is based on the ancient character (汉字) “巳” from the oracle bone script, which represents the Year of the Snake. With a cute and classic look, it shows both modern charm and historical meaning. Connected to the gala’s theme, “Si Si Ru Yi, Sheng Sheng Bu Xi” (Year of the Snake, Keep Your Spirits Awake), “Si Shengsheng” is full of good energy. The shape of its head and the spiral (螺旋) on its cheeks are inspired by the gilded (镀金的) silver Ruyi from the Tang Dynasty found in Famen Temple, which symbolizes “happiness from beginning to end.” The bat-shaped decoration on its head and the longevity knot on its tail add more wishes for prosperity (繁荣) and good luck. The mascot’s eyebrows and eyes, inspired by a bronze snake-shaped artifact (青铜器) from the Sanxingdui Ruins, which shows the rich variety of Chinese culture. The back has woven branch patterns, symbolizing (象征) endless life, while flowers like magnolias (海棠花) and peonies (牡丹花) show the arrival of spring. The mascot’s main color is bright green, symbolizing the new life of spring. Its color scheme (组合) includes traditional Chinese colors like parrot green, turquoise blue, lapis lazuli, lotus white, and mandarin orange, mixing together to create a lively and festive mood. As “Si Shengsheng” is introduced, the 2025 Spring Festival Gala is getting closer. The mascot invites everyone to join this big celebration and welcome the Year of the Snake with joy and good fortune! 1．What is the meaning behind the mascot of the coming new year? A．It celebrates traditional Chinese culture. B．It welcomes the arrival of spring. C．It brings good wishes for health, happiness and good luck. D．It symbolizes endless energy. 2．Where does the designer get the inspiration (灵感)? A．From the Sanxingdui Ruins only. B．From Chinese historical buildings. C．From modern art and designs. D．From Chinese traditional culture and the character “已”. 3．What is the third paragraph mainly about? A．The cultural inspiration behind the mascot. B．The shape and the meaning of the mascot. C．The process of designing the mascot. D．The meaning of the mascot's name. 4．Which of the following shows the right structure (结构) of the passage? A．①/②③④⑤ B．①②③④/⑤ C．①/②③④/⑤ D．①②/③④/⑤ 【答案】21．C 22．D 23．B 24．C 【难度】0.65 【知识点】科普知识、中华文化、说明文、传统节日 【导语】本文介绍了2025年春晚的官方吉祥物“Si Shengsheng”。该吉祥物从中国传统文化中汲取灵感，代表着蛇年并带来了健康、幸福与好运的祝福。 1．细节理解题。根据原文第一段“This cheerful mascot brings good wishes to Chinese people around the world, hoping that everyone has a new year filled with health, happiness, and good luck.”,这句话直接表明了吉祥物的意义是带来健康、幸福和好运的祝福。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“Its design is based on the ancient character ‘巳’ from the oracle bone script, which represents the Year of the Snake.”,这直接说明了吉祥物的设计灵感来源于中国传统文化和“巳”字。故选D。 3．主旨大意题。根据“The shape of its head and the spiral (螺旋) on its cheeks”和“The bat-shaped decoration on its head and the longevity knot (长寿结) on its tail add more wishes for prosperity (繁荣) and good luck. ...”可知，第三段详细描绘了吉祥物的外观和象征意义，故选B。 4．篇章结构题。文章首先介绍了吉祥物的基本背景和主题 (①)，然后详细描述了吉祥物的设计灵感及其文化元素(②③④)，最后总结了吉祥物的意义并展望了2025年春晚的到来 (⑤)。因此，正确的结构是①/②③④/⑤。故选C。 【拔高题】 A ①Gu Jinling, a 12-year-old girl from Beijing, has become a social media influencer with over 2.5 million followers, catching fans with her special Chinese-style costume dances. Viewers are crazy about her beautiful costumes and the rich classical culture in her performances. They are also amazed by her excellent dance skills at such a young age. However, as online users jokingly say, Gu is already an “old artist”. She began learning dance at the age of 3 and has been practicing for nearly 10 years. ②Gu trained in ballet at first but began learning Chinese classical dance at the age of 6, attracted by its costumes, which she found “even prettier” than those of ballet. However, learning classical dance well needs a deep understanding of traditional Chinese culture. ③Gu’s home is filled with books on Chinese wall paintings, which she studies the expressions and actions of the shown characters. When visiting different cities, she often visits museums, closely watching the main points in ancient sculptures. ④For Gu, paying attention to details is important in catching the key points of ancient Chinese style. For example, in the classic Dunhuang dance pose “Rebound Pipa” (反抱琵琶), the eyes must look downward before looking far away, creating a sense of paying no attention to the world. The “Floating Clouds” dance movement, which covers the use of long silk ribbons, requires unusual control to achieve the good effect. ⑤Another challenging character of Dunhuang dance is the changes of foot positions, including flexed (弯曲) feet, pointed feet, toes (脚趾) flexed on a pointed foot, and toes flexed on a flexed foot. “I don’t feel much pain doing these movements because years of practice have made them natural,” Gu said. ⑥However, a child’s body is naturally more flexible, and movements that once came easily now require greater effort and practice. Since last year, Gu has spent more time mastering basic dance skills and so on. 1．What’s Paragraph 1 mainly about? A．What dance skills Gu uses. B．How many followers Gu has had. C．What makes Gu a social media influencer. D．How long Gu has practiced Chinese classical dance. 2．The writer mentions Gu’s classic Dunhuang dance ________. A．to describe the dance is very beautiful B．to explain Gu puts a lot of effort into it C．to prove this dance is very difficult D．to show Gu pays attention to details 3．What does the underlined word “them” refer to in the second last paragraph? A．Feet. B．Toes. C．Foot positions. D．Feet and toes. 4．Which of the following shows the structure of the passage? A．①/②③④/⑤⑥ B．①/②③/④⑤/⑥ C．①②/③④/⑤⑥ D．①②/③④⑤/⑥ 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．C 4．B 【难度】0.4 【知识点】音乐与舞蹈、其他著名人物、说明文 【导语】本文主要介绍了来自北京的12岁女孩顾景林。她拥有超过250万粉丝，因其中国风服饰和舞蹈表演而受到关注。文章主要围绕顾景林的舞蹈生涯、她对中国古典舞的热爱和努力，以及她在表演中的细节关注等展开介绍。 1．细节理解题。根据“Gu Jinling, a 12-year-old girl from Beijing, has become a social media influencer with over 2.5 million followers, catching fans with her special Chinese-style costume dances.”可知，本段主要介绍了顾景林成为网红的原因。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“For Gu, paying attention to details is important in catching the key points of ancient Chinese style.”可知，注意细节是把握中国古代风格的关键。故选D。 3．词句猜测题。根据“Another challenging character of Dunhuang dance is the changes of foot positions,”和“I don’ t feel much pain doing these movements because years of practice have made them natural,”可知，them指代前文的脚的位置。故选C。 4．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段介绍了顾景林的个人背景、第二、三段介绍了谷景林的舞蹈训练经历、家庭环境；第四、五段介绍了顾景林表演中国古典舞的细节及练习敦煌舞的特点；第六段介绍了她对基本功的练习，结构为①/②③/④⑤/⑥。故选B。 B If you’re missing an amazing party for your aunt’s birthday that you promised your mum you would attend, you’ll probably get “FOMO”—the fear of missing out. It’s impossible to attend every social event in the calendar, but sometimes it really annoys you when you have prior (先前的) engagements (约定) and you know you’re missing out on something great. But some people feel the opposite. Rather than feeling FOMO, they take joy in missing out. They don’t feel the need to attend everything, and instead find comfort in either sticking to their original plans or staying at home alone. In a blog post, Kristen Fuller said “JOMO” is basically the emotionally intelligent antidote to “FOMO” and it is “about being present and being satisfied with where you are in life.” Some people are born with it, others learn to accept it. Here are the different ways JOMO can show itself: 1. Living in the moment If you constantly worry about missing out on something, you cannot enjoy yourself wherever you are. This isn’t a healthy way to live your life, and Fuller wrote that you shouldn’t compare yourself to other people’s lives or experiences. “JOMO allows us to be who we are in the present moment, which is the secret to finding happiness,” she said. “When you free up that competitive and anxious space in your brain, you have so much more time, energy and emotion to realize your true priorities (首要事情).” 2. Switching off In an article, writer Justin Bariso discovered JOMO after he published his first book. He found it hard to switch off, worrying that his editor (编辑) would contact him for rewrites, or he would miss an important email. It wasn’t until he was abroad with his family and his daughter asked him to play that be thought: “What am I doing?” “Did I really want to go to Starbucks to sit in front of my computer, responding to emails from people I barely know, when instead I could be spending time with my family on a beautiful beach?” he wrote. 3. Enjoying your own company Some people are simply born with the ability to switch off, and not worry about what they could be missing out on. For them, being alone is important, and it doesn’t matter if they’re missing out on the party of the year. Others don’t necessarily need the space on a biological level, but they don’t feel the need to compare their lives to others. These are the people who aren’t involved in social media, and find joy in what they have, rather than focusing on what they don’t. 1．Which of the following proves that you feel JOMO? A．You spare a day for yourself every week to do some reading and writing. B．You constantly check your emails to make sure you keep up with your work. C．You cancel your original appointment and attend a party later. D．You always work hard in order to create a better future for your family. 2．What does the underlined word “antidote” in Paragraph 4 mean? A．A requirement to improve the situation. B．A way to take away the bad effects of something. C．An experiment to test the effect of something. D．A method to keep a balance between two things. 3．What is the cause of FOMO? A．Some people were born with big competitive space in their brains. B．People are not able to switch off the electronic equipment they use. C．People tend to focus on what others have instead of what they own. D．Some people spend too much time making friends on social media. 4．Which is the proper title of this article? A．Differences between FOMO and JOMO B．Your Choice: FOMO or JOMO C．JOMO: A Way to Deal with Fear D．JOMO: Find Happiness in Not Being Involved 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．D 【难度】0.4 【知识点】科普知识、说明文 【导语】本文介绍了“JOMO”（错失的快乐）与“FOMO”（错失恐惧）的区别，并解释了JOMO的几种体现方式，鼓励人们珍惜当下，享受不参与社交活动的快乐。 1．推理判断题。根据“Rather than feeling FOMO, they take joy in missing out. They don’t feel the need to attend everything, and instead find comfort in either sticking to their original plans or staying at home alone.”可知，具有JOMO的人不觉得有必要参加所有活动，而是享受独处的快乐，可推知，选项A“你每周都会抽出一天时间来阅读和写作。”符合。故选A。 2．词句猜测题。根据“‘JOMO’ is basically the emotionally intelligent antidote to ‘FOMO’ and it is ‘about being present and being satisfied with where you are in life.’”可推知，JOMO是解决FOMO的一种方法或缓解策略，所以划线部分的含义是“一种消除事物不良影响的方法”。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据“you shouldn’t compare yourself to other people’s lives or experiences”以及“For them, being alone is important, and it doesn’t matter if they’re missing out on the party of the year.”可以推测出，FOMO是因为人们更关注别人拥有的，而不是自己已经拥有的。故选C。 4．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文对FOMO和JOMO进行了比较，并讨论了选择JOMO可能带来的心灵安慰，所以选项D“JOMO：在不参与中寻找快乐”更符合。故选D。 C Beijing Opera is the most representative of all Chinese traditional dramatic art forms and the largest Chinese opera form. Having a history of about 200 years, it is developed from absorbing (吸收) many other dramatic forms, mostly from the local drama “Huiban”, which was popular in South China during the 18th century. It is a scenic (戏剧的) art integrating music, performance, literature, aria, and face painting. Theatrical art forms in many other countries do not present singing, dancing and spoken parts in one single drama. An opera singer, for example, neither dances nor speaks on stage; there are no singing or dancing parts in a modern play; in a dance drama, the dancer has no speaking role and does not sing either. Traditional Chinese drama, including Beijing Opera, is a kind of entertainment which includes spoken parts, singing, dancing and acrobatics. In addition to its presence in China, Beijing Opera has spread to many other places. Mei Lanfang, one of the most famous performers (表演者) of all time, was the first to introduce Beijing Orem to foreigners and made highly successful tours to foreign countries. “You will be puzzled (困惑的) all the way through and a little bored from time to time; but you will be charmed and interested. You will be strongly attracted to Beijing Opera even if you know nothing of the dramatic background.” This is how one American traveller described his first experience in watching Beijing Opera. Beijing Opera is China’s national opera and it is full of Chinese cultural traditions. Welcome to China and enjoy Beijing Opera! 1．What makes Beijing Opera different from theatrical art forms in many other countries? A．It has one opera singer on stage. B．It has one dancer who has no speaking role. C．It has already spread to many other countries. D．It includes spoken parts, singing, dancing and acrobatics. 2．People think Mei Lanfang played an important role in spread of Beijing Opera because ________. A．he made many tours to a foreign country B．he was a famous Beijing Opera performer C．he was the first to introduce Beijing Opera to foreigners D．He made Beijing Opera different from other theatrical art forms 3．From Paragraph 4 we know that the American traveller ________. A．felt bored all the way B．thought highly of Beijing Opera C．found Beijing Opera interesting at first D．knew the background of Beijing Opera 4．What is probably the best title for this passage? A．Beijing Opera. B．Local drama. C．An opera singer. D．A modern play. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．B 4．A 【难度】0.4 【知识点】电影与戏剧、中华文化、说明文 【导语】本文主要讲述了中国传统艺术——京剧，主要介绍了京剧的一些特点，同时介绍了它与外国戏剧形式的不同之处。 1．细节理解题。根据“Theatrical art forms in many other countries do not present singing, dancing and spoken parts in one single drama... Traditional Chinese drama, including Beijing Opera, is a kind of entertainment which includes spoken parts, singing, dancing and acrobatics.”可知，京剧包含说、唱、跳舞和杂技，这是其他许多国家的戏剧不包含的。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“Mei Lanfang, one of the most famous performers (表演者) of all time, was the first to introduce Beijing Orem to foreigners and made highly successful tours to foreign countries.”可知，梅兰芳之所以在京剧传播中发挥了重要作用，是因为他是第一个向外国人介绍京剧的人。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据“You will be puzzled (困惑的) all the way through and a little bored from time to time; but you will be charmed and interested. You will be strongly attracted to Beijing Opera even if you know nothing of the dramatic background.”可知，这个美国旅行者对京剧评价很高。故选B。 4．最佳标题题。本文主要介绍了中国传统艺术——京剧。故选A。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 焦点014 阅读理解之说明文 备战2025年中考英语新课标（核心素养）一轮复习之题型特训 【基础题】 A Imagine you are in a boat far out at sea. Suddenly, you hear a loud, deep, and beautiful song. Just as you are starting to enjoy it, the song ends. Then, it starts again. Who is out there making such music? It sounds like the music that people make. But in fact, this music is made by some species of whales. According to scientists, some whales express their feelings of loneliness through these songs. They may even sing the songs to show their sadness over the loss of a loved one. Each of these whale songs can last from a few minutes to half an hour, and it is then repeated. The singing can go on for hours, or even days. It is very loud, and can be heard over great distances. What is more amazing is that whales from the same social group sing the same song at the same time even when they are very far apart (相隔). On the other hand, whales that belong to different social groups sing different songs even when they are together. The music may change over time, but whales belonging to the same group always sing the same songs. Research shows that this helps the whales to communicate important information to one another within the group. Although scientists have been studying whale songs for a long time, they continue to wonder why whales sing. They also haven’t found out the different meanings of these songs. But maybe this is not a bad thing, for the beauty of nature often lies in its mystery. And the mystery could be part of the reason why the song sounds so beautiful to the human ear. 1．What’s the purpose of the first paragraph? A．To draw the readers’ interest. B．To tell the readers about a story. C．To express the main idea. D．To provide the background. 2．What can we know from the passage? A．Whales express their all feelings through singing. B．Whales in the same sea area sing the same songs. C．Whales in the same group can communicate well. D．Whales sing so loud that they influence each other. 3．What does the underlined word “this” in the last Paragraph mean? A．Scientists have studied whale songs for a long time. B．Scientists have divided the whales into different groups. C．Scientists haven’t completely known what whale songs mean. D．Scientists haven’t clearly known how long whale songs can last. 4．What may be the best title of the passage? A．The recent research on whale songs B．The meanings of whale songs C．The communication among whales D．Scientists and different whales B Have you ever wondered why so many apps are free to use? After all, they cost money to run. Well, instead of paying with money, you’re paying by sharing your personal data (数据). Then businesses buy and use the data so that they can show you target ads. What happened to personal information online? Many free apps get paid by businesses who want to know about the users of the apps. What a business wants is the exact information about customers. Data brokers (数据分析员) collect your data—everything from your name, location and education level to the topics you search for, the websites you visit and the people you follow. And then, sell them to businesses. ▲ The data is valuable. Businesses can use the information from data brokers to target their ads. It means they will show their ads to the people who are most likely to be interested in their products or services. What can we do about it? Many countries have made laws to protect personal information. For example, a law in the United States says businesses must get parents’ permission (许可) to collect personal data from kids under 13. China’s law on personal information protection came into effect on November 1st, 2021. At the same time, we should try to protect our data. If an app asks for something like your location, consider saying “No”first. In short, information about you is very valuable. Try to protect it. 1．According to the passages, how can people use some apps for free? A．By sharing their personal data. B．By buying and using the data. C．By showing the target ads. D．By talking with friends. 2．According to the passage, which picture can describe how businesses show us target ads? A． B． C． D． 2．Which of the following can be put in the “ ▲ ”? A．What are the people interested in? B．Why do businesses show their ads? C．Why do businesses want the data? D．What are the new products? 3．Who’s the passage written for? A．Businessmen. B．App users. C．Lawyers. D．Data brokers. C It’s common to carry things on bikes, trains and even planes. But do you know small drones (无人机) can help carry packages to your home? For two years, Google has been working hard in their secret research lab. Their latest project is called Project Wing. Project Wing is Google’s invention of a drone delivery service. It is half plane and half helicopter and is slightly bigger than a seagull. It can deliver packages to buyers by drone to door. The first drone test was made on a farm in Warwick, Australia. It sent sweets and dog treats to a farmer. The drone flew to the farm, hovered (盘旋), and dropped the package with a wire. Delivery is here! The best thing about drone delivery services is that delivery time will be greatly cut down. You’ll be able to order what you like online in the morning. And by noontime, the delivery drone will land your package. Throughout history, there have been different kinds of inventions that have helped people move things around, said Astro Teller, lead scientist of Google Wing, to CNN. Teller thinks Google drones will be the next big step. Interestingly, drones are not that young. The US has been using armed drones since 2002. But drones may also get another use. Film companies have asked to use drones to shoot videos from the sky. Yet Google’s delivery drones won’t be able to fly to buyers any time soon. However, Google has proved that drone delivery is possible. And with Amazon announcing their drone delivery service last year, the further research is going on to make delivery drones safe and suitable for buyers. 1．What is Project Wing? A．Armed drones. B．Google’s invention. C．New apple APP. D．Wings to help people fly. 2．What’s the usage of the drone in Project Wing according to the passage? A．Taking photos. B．Delivering packages. C．Ordering online. D．Hovering in the sky. 3．The best thing about drone delivery services is that ________. A．delivery time will be greatly cut down. B．drop the package with a wire. C．deliver the packages to the door. D．land your package. 4．From the text we know that ________. A．The first drone test was made in a company in Australia B．You can order things online and get them by drone quickly C．Astro Teller thinks Google will have another big step about delivery D．Film companies can’t use drones to shoot videos 【提升题】 A Poems from Tang and Song dynasties, operas from Yuan Dynasty, and novels from Ming and Qing dynasties are very famous in China’s history. Today, I’d like to recommend a famous poet and writer in the mid-Tang Dynasty, Liu Yuxi（772-842）. Song of Autumn is one of his poems. Just as shown in the first line of the poem, most ancient poets liked to describe autumn as a sad time, but in this poem the season appears differently. In Liu’s eyes, autumn, full of life and hope, is even better than spring morning. He describes the bright scene of a crane riding the clouds and flying into the blue sky. With his poems paying special attention to expressing personal feelings, as well as the daily life of common people, Liu wrote poems with beautiful music-like words. You may feel it in this poem. Though being translated thoughtfully by experienced Xu Yuanchong, the poem still reads not so beautifully as that in Chinese. I personally think that English is sometimes not so powerful as Chinese. Here is another example, in Liu’s essay An Eulogium on a Humble Cell (《陋室铭》), with less than 100 words, he shows a lively picture of his humble cell. However, it also shows how he was pleased with the poor and simple life. People may find it strange that one can feel happy living in such a humble cell. Learning from his famous sentence, “Be fragrant because of my virtues (斯是陋室, 惟吾德馨)”, I think to be a respectable man is more important than to live in big houses, to wear beautiful clothes, to enjoy delicious food, and even to gain knowledge. 1．Which dynasty is the poem Song of Autumn written in? A．Tang. B．Song. C．Yuan. D．Ming. 2．According to Paragraph 2, which best describes Liu Yuxi? A．Strange. B．Honest. C．Lonely. D．Hopeful. 3．Influenced by Liu Yuxi, which of the following does the writer think is the most important? A．To pay no attention to others. B．To have many good qualities. C．To live a poor and simple life. D．To live in a comfortable house. 4．What’s the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． B ①As a saying goes, “When one drinks water, one must not forget where it comes from.” However, many teenagers only care more about themselves instead of other things. Gratifyingly, little Ming is an exceptional. The boy who lived in Zhengzhou by the Yellow River, asked his mother a question which was puzzling him “Mum, why isn’t our water dirty? Why does it taste so fresh?” His mother smiled, and told him “That’s because the water in our house comes from the Dan River in the south, by means of the South-to-North Water Diversion (转移) Project.” What is the South-to-North Water Diversion Project? ②As early as 1952, Chairman Mao Zedong pointed out “There is plenty of water in the south of our country, but a shortage of water in the north. If possible, we should borrow some water from the south.” This was the first time the great idea of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project had been mentioned. This project, as its name suggests, simply means ________. How is the water diverted? ③From the plan for the project, you can discover that most of the water will come from the Yangtze River. This is because the Yangtze River is China’s largest river basin, where water resources are constantly stable. You can also discover that the whole project is divided into western, central and eastern routes, to be completed one after the other, starting with the eastern one. And a close look at the plan will show that the Yangtze River’s water is extracted (抽取) by a pumping station, and is sent through a channel over one thousand kilometers to Tianjin and other places nearby. ④China’s great water diversion project has transferred nearly 30 billion cubic meters of water in the past five years. The first part of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project’s central route has directly helped over 120 million people since it went into operation on Dec. 12, 2014, according to the Ministry of Water Resources. 1．The writer’s main purpose in writing the first paragraph is ________. A．to introduce the topic and catch readers’ attention B．to explain the reason for the clean and sweet water clearly C．to tell the readers what the people’s life in Zhengzhou is like D．to show the route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project 2．Which sentence should go on the empty line in Paragraph 2? A．diverting water from the Yangtze River to the Yellow River. B．diverting water from the Yellow River to the Yangtze River. C．diverting water from North China to the southern parts of the country. D．diverting water from South China to the northern parts of the country. 3．According to the passage, the correct order is ________. ①over 120 million people have benefited from the project. ②the great project started with the eastern route. ③on Dec. 12, 2014 the project was put into use. ④Chairman Mao Zedong advised to borrow water from the south. ⑤the situation of water shortage in the north was very serious. A．④⑤②③① B．⑤④②③① C．⑤④①②③ D．④⑤①②③ 4．What’s the best title for this passage? A．Three routes of the Water Diversion Project B．The South-to-North Water Diversion Project C．Little Ming’s Question and Mum’s Answer D．The report from the Ministry of Water Resources C On December 2, China Medja Group introduced the official mascot (吉祥物) for the 2025 Spring Festival Gala (春晚): “Si Shengsheng”. This cheerful mascot brings good wishes to Chinese people around the world, hoping that everyone has a new year filled with health, happiness, and good luck. The mascot “Si Shengsheng” is inspired (启发) by Chinese traditional culture. Its design is based on the ancient character (汉字) “巳” from the oracle bone script, which represents the Year of the Snake. With a cute and classic look, it shows both modern charm and historical meaning. Connected to the gala’s theme, “Si Si Ru Yi, Sheng Sheng Bu Xi” (Year of the Snake, Keep Your Spirits Awake), “Si Shengsheng” is full of good energy. The shape of its head and the spiral (螺旋) on its cheeks are inspired by the gilded (镀金的) silver Ruyi from the Tang Dynasty found in Famen Temple, which symbolizes “happiness from beginning to end.” The bat-shaped decoration on its head and the longevity knot on its tail add more wishes for prosperity (繁荣) and good luck. The mascot’s eyebrows and eyes, inspired by a bronze snake-shaped artifact (青铜器) from the Sanxingdui Ruins, which shows the rich variety of Chinese culture. The back has woven branch patterns, symbolizing (象征) endless life, while flowers like magnolias (海棠花) and peonies (牡丹花) show the arrival of spring. The mascot’s main color is bright green, symbolizing the new life of spring. Its color scheme (组合) includes traditional Chinese colors like parrot green, turquoise blue, lapis lazuli, lotus white, and mandarin orange, mixing together to create a lively and festive mood. As “Si Shengsheng” is introduced, the 2025 Spring Festival Gala is getting closer. The mascot invites everyone to join this big celebration and welcome the Year of the Snake with joy and good fortune! 1．What is the meaning behind the mascot of the coming new year? A．It celebrates traditional Chinese culture. B．It welcomes the arrival of spring. C．It brings good wishes for health, happiness and good luck. D．It symbolizes endless energy. 2．Where does the designer get the inspiration (灵感)? A．From the Sanxingdui Ruins only. B．From Chinese historical buildings. C．From modern art and designs. D．From Chinese traditional culture and the character “已”. 3．What is the third paragraph mainly about? A．The cultural inspiration behind the mascot. B．The shape and the meaning of the mascot. C．The process of designing the mascot. D．The meaning of the mascot's name. 4．Which of the following shows the right structure (结构) of the passage? A．①/②③④⑤ B．①②③④/⑤ C．①/②③④/⑤ D．①②/③④/⑤ 【拔高题】 A ①Gu Jinling, a 12-year-old girl from Beijing, has become a social media influencer with over 2.5 million followers, catching fans with her special Chinese-style costume dances. Viewers are crazy about her beautiful costumes and the rich classical culture in her performances. They are also amazed by her excellent dance skills at such a young age. However, as online users jokingly say, Gu is already an “old artist”. She began learning dance at the age of 3 and has been practicing for nearly 10 years. ②Gu trained in ballet at first but began learning Chinese classical dance at the age of 6, attracted by its costumes, which she found “even prettier” than those of ballet. However, learning classical dance well needs a deep understanding of traditional Chinese culture. ③Gu’s home is filled with books on Chinese wall paintings, which she studies the expressions and actions of the shown characters. When visiting different cities, she often visits museums, closely watching the main points in ancient sculptures. ④For Gu, paying attention to details is important in catching the key points of ancient Chinese style. For example, in the classic Dunhuang dance pose “Rebound Pipa” (反抱琵琶), the eyes must look downward before looking far away, creating a sense of paying no attention to the world. The “Floating Clouds” dance movement, which covers the use of long silk ribbons, requires unusual control to achieve the good effect. ⑤Another challenging character of Dunhuang dance is the changes of foot positions, including flexed (弯曲) feet, pointed feet, toes (脚趾) flexed on a pointed foot, and toes flexed on a flexed foot. “I don’t feel much pain doing these movements because years of practice have made them natural,” Gu said. ⑥However, a child’s body is naturally more flexible, and movements that once came easily now require greater effort and practice. Since last year, Gu has spent more time mastering basic dance skills and so on. 1．What’s Paragraph 1 mainly about? A．What dance skills Gu uses. B．How many followers Gu has had. C．What makes Gu a social media influencer. D．How long Gu has practiced Chinese classical dance. 2．The writer mentions Gu’s classic Dunhuang dance ________. A．to describe the dance is very beautiful B．to explain Gu puts a lot of effort into it C．to prove this dance is very difficult D．to show Gu pays attention to details 3．What does the underlined word “them” refer to in the second last paragraph? A．Feet. B．Toes. C．Foot positions. D．Feet and toes. 4．Which of the following shows the structure of the passage? A．①/②③④/⑤⑥ B．①/②③/④⑤/⑥ C．①②/③④/⑤⑥ D．①②/③④⑤/⑥ B If you’re missing an amazing party for your aunt’s birthday that you promised your mum you would attend, you’ll probably get “FOMO”—the fear of missing out. It’s impossible to attend every social event in the calendar, but sometimes it really annoys you when you have prior (先前的) engagements (约定) and you know you’re missing out on something great. But some people feel the opposite. Rather than feeling FOMO, they take joy in missing out. They don’t feel the need to attend everything, and instead find comfort in either sticking to their original plans or staying at home alone. In a blog post, Kristen Fuller said “JOMO” is basically the emotionally intelligent antidote to “FOMO” and it is “about being present and being satisfied with where you are in life.” Some people are born with it, others learn to accept it. Here are the different ways JOMO can show itself: 1. Living in the moment If you constantly worry about missing out on something, you cannot enjoy yourself wherever you are. This isn’t a healthy way to live your life, and Fuller wrote that you shouldn’t compare yourself to other people’s lives or experiences. “JOMO allows us to be who we are in the present moment, which is the secret to finding happiness,” she said. “When you free up that competitive and anxious space in your brain, you have so much more time, energy and emotion to realize your true priorities (首要事情).” 2. Switching off In an article, writer Justin Bariso discovered JOMO after he published his first book. He found it hard to switch off, worrying that his editor (编辑) would contact him for rewrites, or he would miss an important email. It wasn’t until he was abroad with his family and his daughter asked him to play that be thought: “What am I doing?” “Did I really want to go to Starbucks to sit in front of my computer, responding to emails from people I barely know, when instead I could be spending time with my family on a beautiful beach?” he wrote. 3. Enjoying your own company Some people are simply born with the ability to switch off, and not worry about what they could be missing out on. For them, being alone is important, and it doesn’t matter if they’re missing out on the party of the year. Others don’t necessarily need the space on a biological level, but they don’t feel the need to compare their lives to others. These are the people who aren’t involved in social media, and find joy in what they have, rather than focusing on what they don’t. 1．Which of the following proves that you feel JOMO? A．You spare a day for yourself every week to do some reading and writing. B．You constantly check your emails to make sure you keep up with your work. C．You cancel your original appointment and attend a party later. D．You always work hard in order to create a better future for your family. 2．What does the underlined word “antidote” in Paragraph 4 mean? A．A requirement to improve the situation. B．A way to take away the bad effects of something. C．An experiment to test the effect of something. D．A method to keep a balance between two things. 3．What is the cause of FOMO? A．Some people were born with big competitive space in their brains. B．People are not able to switch off the electronic equipment they use. C．People tend to focus on what others have instead of what they own. D．Some people spend too much time making friends on social media. 4．Which is the proper title of this article? A．Differences between FOMO and JOMO B．Your Choice: FOMO or JOMO C．JOMO: A Way to Deal with Fear D．JOMO: Find Happiness in Not Being Involved C Beijing Opera is the most representative of all Chinese traditional dramatic art forms and the largest Chinese opera form. Having a history of about 200 years, it is developed from absorbing (吸收) many other dramatic forms, mostly from the local drama “Huiban”, which was popular in South China during the 18th century. It is a scenic (戏剧的) art integrating music, performance, literature, aria, and face painting. Theatrical art forms in many other countries do not present singing, dancing and spoken parts in one single drama. An opera singer, for example, neither dances nor speaks on stage; there are no singing or dancing parts in a modern play; in a dance drama, the dancer has no speaking role and does not sing either. Traditional Chinese drama, including Beijing Opera, is a kind of entertainment which includes spoken parts, singing, dancing and acrobatics. In addition to its presence in China, Beijing Opera has spread to many other places. Mei Lanfang, one of the most famous performers (表演者) of all time, was the first to introduce Beijing Orem to foreigners and made highly successful tours to foreign countries. “You will be puzzled (困惑的) all the way through and a little bored from time to time; but you will be charmed and interested. You will be strongly attracted to Beijing Opera even if you know nothing of the dramatic background.” This is how one American traveller described his first experience in watching Beijing Opera. Beijing Opera is China’s national opera and it is full of Chinese cultural traditions. Welcome to China and enjoy Beijing Opera! 1．What makes Beijing Opera different from theatrical art forms in many other countries? A．It has one opera singer on stage. B．It has one dancer who has no speaking role. C．It has already spread to many other countries. D．It includes spoken parts, singing, dancing and acrobatics. 2．People think Mei Lanfang played an important role in spread of Beijing Opera because ________. A．he made many tours to a foreign country B．he was a famous Beijing Opera performer C．he was the first to introduce Beijing Opera to foreigners D．He made Beijing Opera different from other theatrical art forms 3．From Paragraph 4 we know that the American traveller ________. A．felt bored all the way B．thought highly of Beijing Opera C．found Beijing Opera interesting at first D．knew the background of Beijing Opera 4．What is probably the best title for this passage? A．Beijing Opera. B．Local drama. C．An opera singer. D．A modern play. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$