04 Unit 4 单元话题阅读精练(阅读理解15篇+七选五5篇)---2024-2025学年高二英语重难知识&题型精练(译林版2020选择必修第二册)

Unit 4 Living with technology (译林版2020选择必修第二册) 单元话题阅读精练(阅读理解15篇+七选五5篇) Ⅰ阅读理解 Passage 1 （24-25高二上·广东深圳·期末）The technology for speech-recognition systems has advanced greatly since its appearance in the1950s. Many voice systems can understand the language when spoken at a normal conversational rate. But even the advanced human-machine interfaces (人机交互) used today are unable to trick the listeners into thinking a computer is a human. Why is this? Simply put, it’s because human beings rely on more than words to convey ideas or interpret messages, such as tones, facial expressions, body movements, and objects in the world around them. One significant recent achievement in the field of talking computers is virtual personal assistants(VPAs) on mobile phones. If you tell a mobile phone VPA that you want to schedule a lunch with a friend, it can set the appointment in your phone in seconds. The VPA can also hold a basic “conversation” and has earned fame for its elementary sense of humour. Still, the humour is preprogrammed and can be triggered only when human users speak certain key words. While the potential for “real” communication between a human and a machine may seem exciting, this possibility concerns some people. Some experts worry about people’s attachment to these machines and fear that the art of successful human-to-human conversation will be undeveloped in younger generations. They worry that people won’t be able to display the right emotion or tone in conversations because they haven’t been practising those skills. Others fear that machines will take over functions that were traditionally performed by humans, such as customer service. Another concern often associated with the development of new technology is the invasion of privacy (侵犯隐私). When people use certain speech-recognition applications, they leave behind an audio track of their speech. When you ask a VPA for directions, your speech is sent and saved to a remote server for processing. This digital trail may lead to data mining, or the collection of large quantities of personal data. For now, however, the continuing evolution of speech-recognition software is worth expecting. Leading companies in the field hope to make human communication with machines as seamless as possible, just like communicating with another human. 1．According to the text, what can a VPA do? A．Entertain users with its original jokes. B．Enable people to regard it as a human. C．Hold preprogrammed conversations. D．Display the right tones in conversations. 2．Which situation reflects the concerns mentioned in the text? A．One VPA service was priced higher for protecting users’ privacy. B．An airline bore high costs for applying VPAs to its online service. C．An app failed to offer the right direction when given spoken instructions. D．Some teenagers became more socially awkward due to the addiction to VPAs. 3．What is the purpose of the text? A．To inform readers of the double-edged quality of a new technology. B．To inspire readers to explore the future of a new technology. C．To promote the application of a new technology. D．To stress the convenience of a new technology. 4．What might be the best title of the text? A．The worries over VPAs. B．Listening to“a real person”. C．The world of technology. D．Talking to technology. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．A 4．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要围绕语音识别系统和虚拟个人助手（VPA）展开，讨论了人与机器之间的“真实”交流的可能性及其带来的担忧。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“Still, the humour is preprogrammed and can be triggered only when human users speak certain key words.(尽管如此，幽默是预先编程的，只有当人类用户说出某些关键词时才会被触发。)”可知，VPA可以进行预先编程的对话。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“Some experts worry about people’s attachment to these machines and fear that the art of successful human-to-human conversation will be undeveloped in younger generations. They worry that people won’t be able to display the right emotion or tone in conversations because they haven’t been practising those skills.(一些专家担心人们对这些机器的依赖，并担心年轻一代不会发展成功的人际交流技巧。他们担心人们在对话中无法表现出正确的情绪或语气，因为他们一直没有练习这些技能。)”可知，文中提到的担忧是人们过于依赖VPA而导致社交技能退化。故选D。 3．推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要围绕语音识别系统和虚拟个人助手（VPA）展开，讨论了人与机器之间的“真实”交流的可能性及其带来的担忧。由此可知，这篇文章的目的是告知读者一项新技术的双刃剑特性。故选A。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要围绕语音识别系统和虚拟个人助手（VPA）展开，讨论了人与机器之间的“真实”交流的可能性及其带来的担忧。选项D“与技术对话”直接概括了文章的核心内容。故选D。 Passage 2 （24-25高二上·贵州毕节·期末）Despite their threatened situation, the fact that hippos (河马) are active during the night and aggressive has made it very difficult for scientists to actually study them. To solve this problem, scientists had to get creative. They found that using low-cost drones (无人机) to observe the hippos not only made studying them easier but provided more accurate data as well. In the study, published this month in the journal PLOS ONE, scientists explore how using low-cost drones may improve not only the safety of such observations but the quality of data collected as well. The study was conducted in Botswana over a seven-day period and used a DJI Phantom 4 drone to catch aerial footage (空中镜头) of the hippos. While the sample size of this experiment was fairly small, the researchers are enthusiastic about the possibilities of such an approach in the future and hope it can be used for further hippo protection and research. Drone data could be routinely collected in different river systems, providing a guide to the numbers in hippo habitats, seasonal changes and the ability for the scientists to track the long-term situation of hippo populations. The study shows that small, commercially available drones are a simple, affordable and effective method for wildlife protection organizations to monitor threatened species. 5．What does the underlined word “it” refer to? A．the threatened situation. B．the fact. C．to actually study hippos. D．to get active. 6．What’s the main purpose of the article? A．To show the threatened situation of hippos. B．To introduce a way of studying hippos. C．To advertise a type of drones. D．To describe features of hippos. 7．What do we know about drones in the text? A．They are expensive. B．They are dangerous. C．They can make the research easier and safer. D．They can be found in the journal PLOS ONE. 8．What can we learn from the last paragraph? A．Drones make it difficult to monitor hippos. B．Drones conduct research better than scientists. C．People can never track the situation of hippos. D．The drone data is effective for wildlife protection. 【答案】5．C 6．B 7．C 8．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述了科学家使用低成本的无人机来研究河马，这种新方法不仅使研究变得更容易，而且提供了更准确的数据。 5．词句猜测题。根据第一段“Despite their threatened situation, the fact that hippos (河马) are active during the night and aggressive has made it very difficult for scientists to actually study them.(尽管河马面临着受威胁的局势，但河马在夜间活动且具有攻击性这一事实使得科学家们实际研究它们变得非常困难。)”可知，it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是“to actually study them.”，由此可知，“it”指的是“实际研究河马”这件事。故选C。 6．推理判断题。根据第一段“They found that using low-cost drones (无人机) to observe the hippos not only made studying them easier but provided more accurate data as well.(他们发现，使用低成本的无人机来观察河马，不仅使研究变得更容易，而且提供了更准确的数据。)”和第二段“scientists explore how using low-cost drones may improve not only the safety of such observations but the quality of data collected as well.(科学家们探讨了如何使用低成本的无人机不仅可以提高这种观察的安全性，而且可以提高收集数据的质量。)”可知，文章的主要目的是介绍一种使用无人机研究河马的新方法。故选B。 7．细节理解题。根据第一段“They found that using low-cost drones (无人机) to observe the hippos not only made studying them easier but provided more accurate data as well.(他们发现，使用低成本的无人机来观察河马，不仅使研究变得更容易，而且提供了更准确的数据。)”和第二段提到“scientists explore how using low-cost drones may improve not only the safety of such observations but the quality of data collected as well.(科学家们探讨了如何使用低成本的无人机不仅可以提高这种观察的安全性，而且可以提高收集数据的质量。)”可知，无人机可以使研究河马变得更容易、更安全。故选C。 8．推理判断题。根据最后一段“The study shows that small, commercially available drones are a simple, affordable and effective method for wildlife protection organizations to monitor threatened species.(研究表明，小型、商用的无人机是野生动物保护组织监测受威胁物种的一种简单、经济且有效的方法。)”可知，无人机数据对野生动物保护很有效。故选D。 Passage 3 （24-25高二上·广东广州·期末）A major scientific achievement has been recognized with the 2024 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. This award was given to a team using machine learning to solve a big problem in biology: predicting and designing the 3D shapes of proteins. Most of this work was done at a tech company, marking a notable shift that high-level scientific research can also originate outside traditional academic settings. Proteins are crucial for our bodies and are involved in almost every biological process. The shape of a protein determines its function. If a protein is shaped incorrectly, it can cause serious diseases like Alzheimer’s and diabetes. Historically, predicting a protein’s shape from its amino acid sequence (序列) was very difficult and puzzled scientists for decades. The breakthrough happened with A-Fold, a machine learning program that can accurately predict protein structures from their amino acid sequences. This tool has changed the field, providing insights into the structure of over 200 million proteins so far. This data is expected to speed up progress in medicine and drug development, opening new ways to treat diseases. The tech company’s success with A-Fold also underscores the growing impact of artificial intelligence in various scientific domains, showing that Al can tackle complex biological problems and contribute to critical advancements in health and medicine. The Nobel Prize committee awarded this work to highlight the value of combining different areas in science, where technology and biology meet to create amazing results. This achievement not only shows what AI can do but also sets an example for future scientific projects that combine technology with traditional research to address global problems. 9．Why was the team awarded the 2024 Nobel Prize in Chemistry? A．They discovered a cure for Alzheimer’s and diabetes. B．They analyzed the functions of essential body elements. C．They worked out protein structures with a machine learning program. D．They created a new way to treat diseases through traditional research. 10．Why is the shape of a protein critical to its function? A．It leads to the development of the diseases. B．It offers insights into the structure of protein. C．It speeds up the progress of medicine and drug. D．It affects the protein’s role in biological processes. 11．What does the underlined word “underscore” in paragraph 4 mean? A．Minimize. B．Highlight. C．Question. D．Overlook. 12．What possibility does the author imply about the future of scientific research? A．A new focus on solving biological problems. B．An amazing change in academic research settings. C．An increase in joint efforts between different fields. D．A lessened dependence on machine learning techniques. 【答案】9．C 10．D 11．B 12．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了AI预测和设计蛋白质结构获诺贝尔化学奖。 9．细节理解题。根据第一段中“This award was given to a team using machine learning to solve a big problem in biology: predicting and designing the 3D shapes of proteins. (这个奖项被授予了一个使用机器学习解决生物学中一个大问题的团队：预测和设计蛋白质的3D形状。)”可知，该团队使用机器学习程序解决了蛋白质结构的问题。故选C。 10．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Proteins are crucial for our bodies and are involved in almost every biological process. The shape of a protein determines its function. (蛋白质对我们的身体至关重要，几乎参与每一个生物过程。蛋白质的形状决定了它的功能。)”可知，蛋白质的形状影响其在生物过程中的作用。故选D。 11．词句猜测题。根据第四段中“The tech company’s success with A-Fol (这家科技公司在A-Fol上的成功)”及“the growing impact of artificial intelligence in various scientific domains, showing that AI can tackle complex biological problems and contribute to critical advancements in health and medicine. (人工智能在各种科学领域日益增长的影响力，表明人工智能可以解决复杂的生物学问题，并为健康和医学领域的关键进步做出贡献。)”可知，A-Fold的成功凸显了人工智能在各个领域的影响力，因此“underscore”与选项B意思相近,意为“强调，突出”。故选B。 12．推理判断题。根据最后一段“The Nobel Prize committee awarded this work to highlight the value of combining different areas in science, where technology and biology meet to create amazing results. This achievement not only shows what AI can do but also sets an example for future scientific projects that combine technology with traditional research to address global problems. (诺贝尔奖委员会颁发这项工作是为了突出结合不同科学领域的重要性，其中技术和生物学相遇并创造出惊人的成果。这一成就不仅展示了人工智能可以做什么，也为未来结合技术与传统研究的科学项目树立了榜样，以解决全球问题。)”可知，作者暗示了未来科学研究的一个可能性是不同领域之间的合作将增加，特别是在技术和生物学交汇的领域。故选C。 Passage 4 （24-25高二上·广东珠海·期末）Smart watches have exploded in popularity in recent years and companies have been marketing these devices less as luxury products and more as essential medical devices necessities for anyone concerned about health. But do smart watches, which constantly monitor our vital signs, really lead us to better health? One recent study found that people trying to lose weight who used wearable technology to help actually lost less weight than those watch-free people. I also worry that smart watches can disturb our ability to know our own bodies. “It’s an extension of our digital culture.” said coach Brad Stulberg. “Our culture promotes the limiting belief that measurable achievement is the dominant arbiter (仲裁者) of success, and these devices play right into that,” he told me. “It’s like you’re trying to win at a game instead of living your life. Instead of learning what your body feels like, you have a number.” What he said was true of me. Sometimes I would wake up in the morning and check my smart watch to see how I slept-instead of just taking a moment to notice that I was still tired. I started to feel that my health wasn’t grounded in my own body anymore, or even in my mind. I didn’t know how my workout had gone until I opened the watch. I had been using the numbers it offered as a shortcut to feeling good enough in general. Of course these watches can be useful: for health data, reminding you to move more. But if you’re thinking of a break from the numbers, I propose a challenge for the year ahead: try getting your feedback from your body instead of a device. That’s what I did. At some point in the pandemic (疫病), I took off my watch. It left a white line on my wrist where it had spent years blocking the sun. Then I lost it and never bothered to find it. 13．What do companies prefer to advertise their smart watches as? A．Must-have items. B．High-end products. C．Life-saving devices. D．Cutting-edge monitors. 14．What does Brad Stulberg probably think of smart watches? A．They can monitor our vital signs. B．They disconnect us from our bodies. C．They represent the great digital culture. D．They can measure the success of a workout. 15．Why didn’t the author look for his smart watch? A．Because he didn’t feel himself. B．Because the pandemic stopped him. C．Because he wanted less reliance on it. D．Because there was no hope of finding it. 16．What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A．To advertise wearable smart watches. B．To report the findings of a recent study C．To suggest a break from smart devices. D．To discuss limitations of digital culture. 【答案】13．A 14．B 15．C 16．C 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讨论了智能手表在健康监测方面的作用及其可能带来的问题，作者通过个人经历和观察，对智能手表的普及及其对人体健康感知的影响进行了分析和反思，并提出了挑战和建议。 13．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Smart watches have exploded in popularity in recent years and companies have been marketing these devices less as luxury products and more as essential medical devices necessities for anyone concerned about health.(近年来，智能手表大受欢迎，各公司在推广这类设备时，不再将其过多定位为奢侈品，而是更倾向于把它们当作任何关注健康的人必备的医疗设备。)”可知，公司在营销这些设备时，不再过多将其作为奢侈品，而是更多地作为任何关注健康的人必备的医疗设备必需品。故选A。 14．细节理解题。根据文章第二段Brad Stulberg 多说的话““It’s like you’re trying to win at a game instead of living your life. Instead of learning what your body feels like, you have a number.”(“这就好比你不是在过自己的生活，而是在试图赢得一场游戏。你不去了解自己身体的感受，取而代之的是一个数字。”)”可知，他认为使用智能手表就像在玩游戏而不是在生活，人们不再去了解自己身体的感受，取而代之的是一个数字。也就是说他认为智能手表切断了我们与自身身体感受的联系。故选B。 15．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Sometimes I would wake up in the morning and check my smart watch to see how I slept-instead of just taking a moment to notice that I was still tired. I started to feel that my health wasn’t grounded in my own body anymore, or even in my mind. I didn’t know how my workout had gone until I opened the watch.(有时我早上醒来，会查看智能手表，看看自己的睡眠情况，而不是花点时间去感受自己是否仍感到疲惫。我开始觉得自己的健康状况不再取决于我自身的身体，甚至也不取决于我的意识。在打开手表之前，我不知道自己的锻炼效果如何。)”可知，作者意识到自己过度依赖智能手表数据，影响自己对身体的感知。再根据第四段“But if you’re thinking of a break from the numbers, I propose a challenge for the year ahead: try getting your feedback from your body instead of a device.(但如果你想暂时摆脱这些数字，我提议在未来一年迎接一个挑战：尝试从自己的身体而非设备中获取反馈。)”可推测，作者摘下手表并弄丢后不再寻找，正是因为他想要减少对智能手表的依赖。故选C。 16．推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，文章开篇提出智能手表是否真能带来健康的疑问，接着通过研究、他人观点及自身经历阐述智能手表存在的问题，如干扰对自身身体的感知等。然后文章第四段“But if you’re thinking of a break from the numbers, I propose a challenge for the year ahead: try getting your feedback from your body instead of a device.(但如果你想暂时摆脱这些数字，我提议在未来一年迎接一个挑战：尝试从自己的身体而非设备中获取反馈。)”则明确建议人们摆脱智能设备的数据，从身体自身获取反馈。故选C。 Passage 5 Forgot your password or your ID? Well facial recognition (FR) technology can help. Using just their faces, people can unlock their smartphones, make payments and take the subway. FR technology has also been used to catch criminals. However, as the use of FR applications has become more widespread, the technology has caused controversy over privacy and financial security risks. A survey said that almost 65 percent of surveyed people think that FR technology is being misused. Even worse, more than 30 percent said they actually experienced financial loss as well as privacy violation due to facial information leaks and misuse. According to “Xinhua”, many application do have loopholes (漏洞) that could lead to leaks in personal and facial information data. Loopholes aren’t the only worry, though. On some online trading platforms, only 2 yuan is charged for thousands of photos of people’s face, but such trade is neither authorized nor legal. In August, two suspects were arrested in Hangzhou, Zhejiang province, for stealing and reselling personal information. This has raised concerns about the security of personal bio-information. “Physical characteristics, including facial features and fingerprints, are some of the most important identifiers for individuals. Unlike our ID which can be changed, our bio-information stays permanent for life,” Zhang Xin, a professor at the University of international Business and Economics, told CGTN. Therefore, there should be a legal framework that manages the collection, use, storage and transmission of bio-information, according to Zhang. Though China does not have specific rules relating to FR technology, the China Cyber Security Law, which came into effect in 2017, states that personal information can only be collected when individuals are informed and agree to the aims and scope (范围) of the collection. The Civil Code, which was adopted this year, also states that individuals’ permission is required before the collection and processing of personal information. And users have the right to ask to withdraw their personal information, according to Zhu Wei, assistant director of the Communication Law Research Center at the China University of Political Science and Law. Tech companies have been improving their FR algorithm (算法) and the ways in which they collect data. They are now handling security risks with more advanced technology, like federated learning that can train the algorithm without directly accessing the data the company collects. This reduces the possibility of leaks. 17．Why does the author raise a question at the beginning of the passage? A．To state FR technology’s benefits. B．To raise concerns about FR technology. C．To discuss the misuse of FR technology D．To warn people of FR technology’s risk. 18．What is the reason for personal information leaks? A．People’s lack of privacy awareness. B．The misuse of FR technology. C．Imperfection of many apps. D．Illegal offline trading of personal information. 19．What’s the feature of our bio-information? A．Easily available. B．Changeless forever. C．Changing with time. D．Under the protection. 20．What can be inferred from paragraph 4? A．China has complete laws on FR technology. B．The adoption of laws on FR technology is to protect human rights. C．It’s illegal for users to upload and withdraw their personal information. D．Some people have rights to get personal information without permission. 【答案】17．B 18．C 19．B 20．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述了面部识别技术的广泛应用、存在的隐私与安全风险及相关法规。 17．推理判断题。由文章第一段“Forgot your password or your ID? Well facial recognition (FR) technology can help. Using just their faces, people can unlock their smartphones, make payments and take the subway. FR technology has also been used to catch criminals. However, as the use of FR applications has become more widespread, the technology has caused controversy over privacy and financial security risks. A survey said that almost 65 percent of surveyed people think that FR technology is being misused. (忘记密码或身份证？面部识别（FR）技术可以提供帮助。人们只用脸就可以解锁智能手机、支付和乘坐地铁。人脸识别技术也被用于抓捕罪犯。然而，随着FR应用程序的使用越来越广泛，该技术引起了关于隐私和金融安全风险的争议。一项调查显示，近65%的受访者认为FR技术正在被滥用)”可知，作者在一开始提出问题是为了引起对人脸识别技术的担忧。故选B。 18．细节理解题。由文章第二段中“According to “Xinhua”, many application do have loopholes (漏洞) that could lead to leaks in personal and facial information data. (据新华社报道，许多应用程序确实存在漏洞，可能导致个人和面部信息数据泄露)”可知，个人信息泄露的原因是许多应用程序的不完善。故选C。 19．细节理解题。由文章第三段中““Physical characteristics, including facial features and fingerprints, are some of the most important identifiers for individuals. Unlike our ID which can be changed, our bio-information stays permanent for life,” Zhang Xin, a professor at the University of international Business and Economics, told CGTN. (对外经济贸易大学教授张欣告诉中国环球电视网：“包括面部特征和指纹在内的身体特征是个人最重要的标识符。与我们可以更改的身份证不同，我们的生物信息是永久的。”)”可知，我们的生物信息的特征是永久不变的。故选B。 20．推理判断题。由文章第四段第一句“Though China does not have specific rules relating to FR technology, the China Cyber Security Law, which came into effect in 2017, states that personal information can only be collected when individuals are informed and agree to the aims and scope (范围) of the collection. (尽管中国没有关于FR技术的具体规定，但2017年生效的《中国网络安全法》规定，只有在个人知情并同意收集目的和范围的情况下，才能收集个人信息)”可知，关于面部识别技术的法律是为了保护个人隐私权。故选B。 Passage 6 （24-25高二上·江苏扬州·期末）In the United States, hurricanes and tornadoes get names. When it comes to extreme weather, those storms tend to get an important share of people’s attention. However, hailstorms fly under the radar. Hail (冰雹) not only impacts homes and vehicles, but agriculture, costing the United States $46 billion in 2023. U.S. hail scientists are disappointed that their last major research campaign took place in the late 1970s, over 50 years ago. “It’s just this big hole,” says Adams-Selin, a hail scientist at Atmospheric and Environmental Research. As a result, a project called ICECHIP is set to change that. Some 100 researchers from four countries and 11 states are planning fieldwork in May and June of 2025 in the U.S. Central Plains states, which will be the largest ever international campaign for studying hail. Led by Adams-Selin, ICECHIP researchers hope to gather data that could improve hailstorm prediction. The campaign will rely on new technologies to perform experiments, such as high-speed videography and mobile radar. Researchers will also use balloons to deliver 3D-printed sensors (传感器) into storms to copy the movement of hailstones. A group of 24 ground-based sensors will measure the energy of falling hailstones every 500th of a second, and 3D laser scanners will record collected hailstones’ shapes. Back in the lab, ICECHIP researchers will analyze hailstones’ ice layers to determine the temperature and altitude (海拔) at which they formed — and, in turn, the paths they took through storms. ICECHIP will bring hail research “into the 21st century,” says Adams-Selin. But some technologies from the 1970s will remain, such as hail foam pads (泡沫垫) to catch hailstones and provide outlines of their sizes and shapes. “One day weather agencies will be able to provide hail warnings just as they do for other severe weather events and predict hailstorms at a low cost.” he says. 21．What does the underlined phrase “fly under the radar” in paragraph 1 mean? A．Move on secretly. B．Speed up violently. C．Escape people’s notice. D．Draw people’s attention. 22．Why is the project ICECHIP launched? A．To reduce effects on human lives. B．To fill the relevant research gap. C．To predict severe weather events. D．To make up for economic losses. 23．What is paragraph 4 mainly about? A．The main functions of the sensors. B．The potential results of the analysis. C．The theoretical basis of the campaign. D．The experimental methods of the research. 24．What is the best title of this passage? A．Hailstorms: a disaster bringing great losses to people’s life B．The United States: a country frequently hit by extreme weather C．ICECHIP: a project helping improve predictions of hailstorms D．Adams-Selin: a scientist devoted to doing research on hailstorms 【答案】21．C 22．B 23．D 24．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项名为ICECHIP的针对冰雹风暴的预测项目，体现科学研究对人类的帮助。 21．词义猜测题。根据划线词的上文“When it comes to extreme weather, those storms tend to get an important share of people’s attention.(当涉及到极端天气时，这些风暴往往会引起人们的很大关注)”和However可知，划线词和上文之间是转折关系，所以划线词意思应该是不被人注意，即“逃避人们的注意”。故选C项。 22．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“U.S. hail scientists are disappointed that their last major research campaign took place in the late 1970s, over 50 years ago. “It’s just this big hole,” says Adams-Selin, a hail scientist at Atmospheric and Environmental Research.(美国冰雹科学家感到失望的是，他们上一次重大的研究活动发生在20世纪70年代末，也就是50多年前。“这就是一个大洞，”大气与环境研究所的冰雹科学家亚当斯-塞林说)”可知，启动ICECHIP项目是为了填补相关研究空白。故选B项。 23．主旨大意题。根据文章第四段“The campaign will rely on new technologies to perform experiments, such as high-speed videography and mobile radar.(该运动将依靠新技术进行实验，如高速摄像和移动雷达)”和“ Back in the lab, ICECHIP researchers will analyze hailstones’ ice layers to determine the temperature and altitude (海拔) at which they formed — and, in turn, the paths they took through storms.(回到实验室后，ICECHIP的研究人员将分析冰雹的冰层，以确定它们形成的温度和高度，进而确定它们穿过风暴的路径)”可知，第四段主要介绍了本研究的实验方法。故选D项。 24．主旨大意题。通读全文，并结合第三段“As a result, a project called ICECHIP is set to change that. Some 100 researchers from four countries and 11 states are planning fieldwork in May and June of 2025 in the U.S. Central Plains states, which will be the largest ever international campaign for studying hail. Led by Adams-Selin, ICECHIP researchers hope to gather data that could improve hailstorm prediction.(因此，一个名为ICECHIP的项目将改变这一现状。来自4个国家和11个州的约100名研究人员计划于2025年5月和6月在美国中部平原各州进行实地考察，这将是有史以来规模最大的研究冰雹的国际活动。在Adams-Selin的带领下，ICECHIP的研究人员希望收集数据来改善冰雹的预测)”可知，文章主要介绍了一项名为ICECHIP的针对冰雹风暴的预测项目，体现科学研究对人类的帮助，所以C选项“ICECHIP：一个帮助改善冰雹预测的项目”能概括全文内容，适合用作文章标题。故选C项。 Passage 7 （24-25高二上·湖北·期末）Germany is at the forefront of a green energy revolution with the rise of balcony solar panels. These lightweight, plug-and-play panels are not only affordable but also easy to install, allowing everyday citizens to generate their own electricity. In Germany, individual panels can be bought for as low as 200 euros, and complete sets are about twice that cost. New laws prevent landlords from blocking solar panel installations (安装) and simplify registration requirements, making personal solar systems more attractive. There is a growing diversity of users, including older people and adult women, and many are young families concerned about climate change. Most of the solar panels are produced in China, which has dominated the global industry and reduced costs. Waltraud Borg, a Berlin rétiree, was delighted to install several on her balcony after discovering them at a sustainability trade fair. “It’s thrilling to be more independent,” she said. Each panel produces enough power for a laptop or a small fridge, and over 500,000 systems have been set up across Germany. The boom in solar panel use is partly due to new laws that have eased installation regulations. As part of its push to move away from dependence on Russian natural gas, the European Union is looking to quadruple (变成四倍) the amount of power generated through photovoltaic (光伏) sources by 2030, to 600 gigawatts (吉瓦). Germany aims to reach a third of that amount by the same year. In the first half of this year, Germany added 90 gigawatts of photovoltaic capacity, according to Rystad Energy. The so-called plug-in systems convert the direct current from the panels to alternating current for home use. Janik Nolden, founder of Solago, a German start-up, noted that most customers prefer to install the panels themselves. His company has grown rapidly, shipping products across Germany and into Austria. Plug-in solar panels are also gaining popularity in other European countries, with pricés dropping steadily. Small-scale batteries have been introduced, allowing users to store electricity for later use. Apps let users monitor their energy production, which has become a popular pastime, sparking friendly competition among neighbors. Thomas Losch, initially skeptical, became fascinated with solar power after seeing a neighbor’s setup. He now checks his app every morning to see how much energy is being generated. “I am completely hooked,” he said. “It’s a good feeling to do my bit for the environment.” 25．What advantages do balcony solar panels have based on the passage? A．They are primarily intended for use by the young. B．They have fully replaced traditional power systems. C．They are cost-effective and applied in every aspect of life. D．They can cut emissions, save on bills, and gain policy support. 26．What will be Germany’s achievement in photovoltaic capacity by 2030? A．90 gigawatts. B．150 gigawatts. C．200 gigawatts. D．600 gigawatts. 27．How do small-scale batteries boost the use of balcony solar panels? A．Enable energy storage for future use. B．Perfect competition atmosphere. C．Monitor batteries’ charging process. D．Decrease solar panel efficiency. 28．Which of the following titles is the most suitablefor the passage? A．EU's 2030 Solar Power Goals B．Small-scale batteries Dominate Market C．Balcony Solar Panels: A German Revolution D．Solar Energy: Economic and Environmental Impact 【答案】25．D 26．C 27．A 28．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了阳台太阳能电池板的兴起，让德国处于绿色能源革命的前沿。 25．细节理解题。根据第一段的句子“Germany is at the forefront of a green energy revolution with the rise of balcony solar panels.(随着阳台太阳能电池板的兴起，德国处于绿色能源革命的前沿)”和第二段的句子“In Germany, individual panels can be bought for as low as 200 euros, and complete sets are about twice that cost. New laws prevent landlords from blocking solar panel installations (安装) and simplify registration requirements, making personal solar systems more attractive. There is a growing diversity of users, including older people and adult women, and many are young families concerned about climate change.(在德国，单个太阳能电池板的价格低至200欧元，整套太阳能电池板的价格约为200欧元的两倍。新的法律禁止房东阻止太阳能电池板的安装，并简化了注册要求，使个人太阳能系统更具吸引力。用户越来越多样化，包括老年人和成年妇女，许多是关心气候变化的年轻家庭。)”可知，文章中提到的阳台太阳能板的优势包括减少排放、节省费用和政策支持。故选D项。 26．细节理解题。根据第三段的句子“As part of its push to move away from dependence on Russian natural gas, the European Union is looking to quadruple (变成四倍) the amount of power generated through photovoltaic (光伏) sources by 2030, to 600 gigawatts (吉瓦). Germany aims to reach a third of that amount by the same year.(作为摆脱对俄罗斯天然气依赖的努力的一部分，欧盟正寻求到2030年将光伏发电的发电量增加四倍，达到600吉瓦。德国的目标是到同年达到这一数字的三分之一。)”可知，到2030年，德国的光伏发电将达到200吉瓦。故选C项 27．细节理解题。根据最后一段的第一句“Small-scale batteries have been introduced, allowing users to store electricity for later use.(小型电池已经被引入，允许用户储存电力以供以后使用。)”可知，小型电池可以存储能量以备将来使用，这促进了阳台太阳能电池板的使用。故选A项。 28．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了阳台太阳能电池板的兴起，让德国处于绿色能源革命的前沿。所以用C项“Balcony Solar Panels: A German Revolution(阳台太阳能电池板：德国革命)”作为本文的题目，与文章主题相符合。故选C项。 Passage 8 （24-25高二上·江苏常州·期末）Scientists have made a significant breakthrough in the field of genetic editing with the discovery of a new CRISPR system, named CRISPR-CasX. This new system offers potential advantages over the existing CRISPR-Cas9 technology, making it more precise and efficient in editing genes. The research was conducted by a team of scientists from leading institutions around the world. CRISPR-Cas9 has revolutionized the field of gene editing since its discovery in 2012, allowing scientists to make precise changes to the DNA of living organisms. However, it has some limitations, such as the potential for off-target effects and the need for complex delivery systems. CRISPR-CasX, on the other hand, offers a more streamlined approach. Unlike CRISPR-Cas9, which requires a separate enzyme (酶) to cut the DNA, CRISPR-CasX uses a single protein that both fixes to the target DNA and makes the necessary cuts. This makes it more efficient and reduces the risk of off-target effects. The researchers tested CRISPR-CasX in a variety of cell types, including human cells, and found that it was able to edit genes with high precision and efficiency. They also demonstrated that CRISPR-CasX could be used to correct mutations (突变) in genes associated with genetic diseases, such as cystic fibrosis and Huntington’s disease. One of the most exciting potential applications of CRISPR-CasX is in the field of gene therapy. By using this new system, scientists could potentially develop new treatments for a wide range of genetic diseases, including those that are currently incurable. Additionally, CRISPR-CasX could be used to enhance the effectiveness of existing gene therapies by reducing the risk of off-target effects and improving the delivery of gene-editing tools. The discovery of CRISPR-CasX is a major step forward in the field of genetic editing and holds great promise for the future of gene therapy. However, as with any new technology, there are still many challenges to overcome before it can be used safely and effectively in humans. The researchers hope that their findings will inspire further research and development in this exciting new area of biology. 29．What does the underlined word “revolutionized” in paragraph 2 most probably mean? A．Analysed. B．Transformed. C．Threatened. D．Examined. 30．What advantage does the CRISPR-CasX system have over CRISPR-Cas9? A．It can be used to edit more genes at once. B．It can be used to treat patients with genetic diseases. C．It requires no cuts when editing genes. D．It doesn’t need a separate enzyme to cut the DNA． 31．Which of the following is mentioned as a potential application of CRISPR-CasX? A．Blocking the delivery of gene-editing tools. B．Replacing the current gene therapies. C．Treating currently incurable genetic diseases. D．Increasing off-target effects in gene therapy. 32．What is the last paragraph mainly about? A．The future of genetic editing. B．The disadvantage of CRISPR-CasX. C．The challenges CRISPR-CasX has brought. D．The impact of the discovery of CRISPR-CasX. 【答案】29．B 30．D 31．C 32．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家在基因编辑领域取得的重大突破——发现了一种名为CRISPR-CasX的新型CRISPR系统，并详细阐述了该系统相较于现有的CRISPR-Cas9技术在基因编辑方面的潜在优势、应用前景以及面临的挑战。 29．词句猜测题。根据划线单词所在句“CRISPR-Cas9 has revolutionized the field of gene editing since its discovery in 2012, allowing scientists to make precise changes to the DNA of living organisms.(自2012年被发现以来，CRISPR-Cas9彻底……了基因编辑领域，使科学家能够对活生物体的DNA进行精确修改)”中的“allowing scientists to make precise changes to the DNA of living organisms”可推测，划线单词和“改变”相似。选项B“transformed”，意为“彻底改变”与此相符。故选B。 30．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Unlike CRISPR-Cas9, which requires a separate enzyme (酶) to cut the DNA, CRISPR-CasX uses a single protein that both fixes to the target DNA and makes the necessary cuts.(与CRISPR-Cas9不同，CRISPR-Cas9需要一种单独的酶来切割DNA，而CRISPR-CasX使用一种单一蛋白质，该蛋白质既能附着到目标DNA上，又能进行必要的切割)”可知，CRISPR-Cas9需要单独的酶来切割DNA，而CRISPR-CasX使用单一蛋白质就能完成附着和切割，不需要单独的酶，这是CRISPR-CasX相对于CRISPR-Cas9的优势。故选D。 31．细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“By using this new system, scientists could potentially develop new treatments for a wide range of genetic diseases, including those that are currently incurable.(通过使用这种新系统，科学家们有可能开发出针对多种遗传疾病的新疗法，包括目前无法治愈的疾病)”可知，通过使用CRISP-CasX系统，科学家有可能开发出针对包括目前无法治愈的多种遗传疾病的新疗法。故选C。 32．主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“The discovery of CRISPR-CasX is a major step forward in the field of genetic editing and holds great promise for the future of gene therapy. However, as with any new technology, there are still many challenges to overcome before it can be used safely and effectively in humans. The researchers hope that their findings will inspire further research and development in this exciting new area of biology.(CRISPR-CasX的发现是基因编辑领域向前迈出的重要一步，对基因治疗的未来发展充满希望。然而，与任何新技术一样，在它能够安全有效地应用于人类之前，仍有许多挑战需要克服。研究人员希望他们的发现能激发在这个令人兴奋的生物学新领域开展更多的研究与开发工作)”可知，最后一段提到CRISPR-CasX 的发现是基因编辑领域的重大进步，对基因治疗未来充满希望，同时也指出应用前有挑战，整体是在阐述这一发现的影响。故选D。 Passage 9 Imagine a future where the streets are crowded with vehicles, but strangely quiet as no one is behind the wheel. Drivers are relaxed in the backseats, reading, working, or even sleeping while their autonomous cars move smoothly through both cities and the countryside. In this near future, self-driving cars which rely on advanced sensors, cameras, and artificial intelligence, enabling vehicles to navigate roads without human intervention, are expected to bring significant changes to road traffic. One of the main advantages of self-driving cars is improved safety. Human error is a major cause of road accidents, but self-driving cars can remove this factor by reacting more quickly and accurately in emergency situations, reducing the number of crashes and saving lives. Self-driving cars can also improve traffic flow and reduce congestion(阻塞). They can communicate with each other, refining their routes and movements based on real-time traffic data. This leads to smoother travels, fewer delays, and better employment of road resources. Moreover, self-driving technology has the potential to provide greater flexibility for people who are unable to drive due to age, disability, or other reasons, expanding their access to work, social activities, and essential services. However, the widespread adoption of self-driving cars also faces several challenges. One key issue is responsibility. Determining who is responsible in the event of an accident involving a self-driving car, whether it’s the manufacturer, the software developer, or the owner, is a complex legal question that needs to be resolved. There are also concerns about job displacement, as many professions related to driving may be affected by the rise of self-driving vehicles. Additionally, cyber security and data privacy are crucial considerations, as self-driving cars collect and send large amounts of data. In conclusion, while the future of self-driving holds great promise for transforming road traffic and improving our lives, it also requires careful consideration of the associated challenges to ensure its safe and responsible integration into society. 33．What’s the main idea of paragraph 1? A．The busy street scenes in the future. B．The development of AI in various industries. C．The future of road traffic with autonomous cars. D．The advanced sensors and cameras used in future vehicles. 34．How do self-driving cars improve traffic flow? A．By using AI to navigate the roads. B．By sending signals during operation. C．By exchanging real-time traffic data. D．By reacting quickly in emergency situations. 35．What’s the main concern of the adoption of self-driving cars? A．Who is to blame for an accident. B．Network security issues. C．Individual privacy leakage. D．The rising unemployment rate. 36．What’s the author’s attitude towards self- driving cars? A．Critical. B．Cautious. C．Unfavorable. D．Indifferent. 【答案】33．C 34．C 35．A 36．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了自动驾驶汽车的未来发展、优势、面临的挑战以及其对社会的潜在影响，旨在为读者提供关于自动驾驶汽车技术的全面理解和思考。 33．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“In this near future, self-driving cars which rely on advanced sensors, cameras, and artificial intelligence, enabling vehicles to navigate roads without human intervention, are expected to bring significant changes to road traffic.(在这个不远的将来，自动驾驶汽车依靠先进的传感器、摄像头和人工智能，能够在无需人类干预的情况下在道路上行驶，有望给道路交通带来重大变革。)”以及全段内容可知，第一段描绘了自动驾驶汽车在未来道路上行驶的场景，指出自动驾驶汽车将给道路交通带来重大变化，主要围绕未来道路交通和自动驾驶汽车展开。故选C。 34．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“They can communicate with each other, refining their routes and movements based on real-time traffic data. This leads to smoother travels, fewer delays, and better employment of road resources.(它们可以相互通信，并根据实时交通数据优化行驶路线和动作。这将带来更顺畅的出行体验，减少延误，更好地利用道路资源。)”可知，自动驾驶汽车可以相互通信，根据实时交通数据优化路线和行动，从而改善交通流。故选C。 35．细节理解题。根据文章第五段“One key issue is responsibility. Determining who is responsible in the event of an accident involving a self-driving car, whether it’s the manufacturer, the software developer, or the owner, is a complex legal question that needs to be resolved. (一个关键问题是责任归属。在涉及自动驾驶汽车的事故中，确定责任方究竟是制造商、软件开发方还是车主，是一个复杂的法律问题，亟待解决。)”可知，责任归属，即在自动驾驶汽车事故中确定谁该负责，是一个关键且复杂的问题，这是自动驾驶汽车广泛应用面临的主要担忧之一。故选A。 36．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“In conclusion, while the future of self-driving holds great promise for transforming road traffic and improving our lives, it also requires careful consideration of the associated challenges to ensure its safe and responsible integration into society. (总之，尽管自动驾驶的未来在改变道路交通和改善我们的生活方面充满希望，但也需要仔细考虑相关挑战，以确保其安全、可靠地融入社会。)”以及全文内容可知，作者既认可自动驾驶汽车在改变道路交通和改善生活方面的巨大潜力，同时也强调了需要仔细考虑其面临的责任归属、就业影响、网络安全等相关挑战，以确保其安全、可靠地融入社会，这种态度体现了谨慎性。故选B。 Passage 10 Imagine this: You pick up your phone for a video call with a friend. You can also smell the cookies they just baked. It sounds like a joke, but could it actually happen? Smells are created by tiny molecules (分子) that float through the air and reach your nose. Your nose then sends signals to your brain, which identifies the smell. So, could your phone send these smell molecules to you? Scientists are developing digital smell technology that uses a small number of different cartridges (暗盒), each containing a specific smell. Just like how pixels (像素) mix three colors to create images, these cartridges could mix to create different smells. Smells produced by a future phone could be created using digital codes. Each smell could have a specific recipe made up of different amounts of the ingredients in the cartridges. When you receive a digital smell code, your phone could mix tiny amounts of the different smells from the cartridges to create the desired smell. This mix would then be released through a small vent (出口) on the phone, allowing you to smell it. Creating a phone that can produce smells involves several challenges. One is designing a system producing thousands of different smells using only a few cartridges. Another is how to control how strong a smell should be and how long a phone should emit it. And phones will also need to sense smells near them and convert (转变) those to digital codes. The cartridges should also be easy to refill and safe to breathe. These problems make it a tricky but exciting area of research. Scientists are working hard to make smell phones a reality. Maybe one day you’ll be able to not only see and hear your friend’s birthday party over the phone but also smell the candles they blew out! 37．Why does the writer mention “pixels” in the passage? A．To explain how cartridges work clearly. B．To distinguish the cartridges from pixels. C．To make a contrast between images and smells. D．To promote the new digital smell technology. 38．What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A．The application of the smell-phone technology. B．The functions of smell codes produced by a phone. C．The difference between cartridges and digital codes. D．The principles of producing smells by future phones. 39．How many challenges are mentioned in para. 4? A．2. B．3. C．4. D．5. 40．What’s the author’s attitude to the possibility of smell phones? A．Indifferent. B．Dismissive. C．Unclear. D．Optimistic. 【答案】37．A 38．D 39．C 40．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了数字气味技术以及制造能产生气味的手机所面临的挑战和科学家们为此做出的努力，暗示了气味手机有望成为现实。37．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Just like how pixels (像素) mix three colors to create images, these cartridges could mix to create different smells.(就像像素混合三种颜色来创建图像一样，这些暗盒可以混合产生不同的气味。)”可知，作者提到“像素”是为了通过类比，更清楚地解释暗盒是如何工作的，即暗盒像像素混合颜色一样混合产生不同气味。可推理出作者提及“像素”是为了清楚地解释暗盒的工作原理，故选A项。 38．主旨大意题。根据第三段“Smells produced by a future phone could be created using digital codes.(未来手机产生的气味可以用数字代码来创建)”是该段的主题句，再根据“Each smell could have a specific recipe made up of different amounts of the ingredients in the cartridges. When you receive a digital smell code, your phone could mix tiny amounts of the different smells from the cartridges to create the desired smell. This mix would then be released through a small vent (出口) on the phone, allowing you to smell it.(每种气味都可以有一个特定的配方，由墨盒中不同成分的不同量组成。当你收到一个数字气味代码时，你的手机可以从墨盒中混合少量不同的气味来创造所需的气味。然后，这种混合气味会通过手机上的一个小型通风口释放出来，让你能够闻到它)”可知本段接着详细说明了每种气味如何由暗盒中不同成分的特定配方组成，当接收到数字气味代码时，手机如何混合暗盒中的不同气味并通过小出口释放，从而产生所需气味。所以第三段主要讲述的是未来手机产生气味的原理，故选D项。 39．细节理解题。根据第四段“One is designing a system producing thousands of different smells using only a few cartridges. Another is how to control how strong a smell should be and how long a phone should emit it. And phones will also need to sense smells near them and convert (转变) those to digital codes. The cartridges should also be easy to refill and safe to breathe.(一是设计一个仅使用几个暗盒就能产生数千种不同气味的系统。另一个是如何控制气味的强度以及手机应该散发气味的时长。而且手机还需要感知附近的气味并将其转换为数字代码。这些暗盒还应该易于补充且呼吸安全。)”可知，本段一共提到了四个挑战，分别是设计能产生多种气味的系统、控制气味强度和散发时长、将感知到的气味转换为数字代码以及保证暗盒易于补充和呼吸安全。故选C项。 40．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Scientists are working hard to make smell phones a reality. Maybe one day you’ll be able to not only see and hear your friend’s birthday party over the phone but also smell the candles they blew out!(科学家们正在努力使气味手机成为现实。也许有一天，你不仅可以通过手机看到和听到朋友的生日派对，还可以闻到他们吹灭的蜡烛的味道)”可知，作者认为科学家们的努力会让气味手机成为现实，并且对未来使用气味手机的场景进行了积极的设想，由此可以推断出作者对气味手机的可能性持乐观态度，故选D项。 Passage 11 （24-25高二上·湖南长沙·期末）Each Olympic Games features athletes pushing the boundaries of human limits, but the Paris Olympics are particularly notable in this regard. At the Paris Olympics, records were broken through group improvement rather than individual breakthroughs. In the men’s 10,000 meters, 13 athletes broke the record, with Joshua Cheptegei winning in 26:43.14. The women’s 400 meters final saw all nine athletes finish under 50 seconds. The amazing purple track may account for that. The purple runway of the Paris Olympics is inspired by lavender fields in Provence, southern France. This color not only symbolizes the romance and elegance of France, but also shows the natural scenery and cultural heritage of France. The design concept and purpose of the purple runway is to bring a sense of freshness and a unique viewing experience through non-traditional color selection. Alain Blondel, the head of athletics for the Paris Olympics, noted that this design not only creates a strong visual contrast between the track and the spectators during television broadcasts, highlighting the athletes, but also helps athletes perform better. Purple is considered a cool color, which can create a sense of calm and stability. Unlike blue, another cool color, purple also includes elements of red, a warm color that adds a sense of energy and expansion. This combination of red’s warmth and blue’s coolness gives purple a balanced effect — it calms without being too soft, helping to maintain a steady yet motivated emotional state. This runway is not only eye-catching for its unique color, but also hides the secrets of high technology. The runway is made of high-tech materials developed by Mondo, which have excellent durability and elasticity, and can provide the best competitive condition. Kipchoge, the marathon world record holder, praised the impact and resilience of the runway. Track and field legend Carl Lewis also conducted a comprehensive test of the runway. He believed that the runway can maintain stable performance in all climate conditions and that athletes all over the world would love this track full of creativity and technology. 41．How does the author prove his point in the first paragraph? A．By making comparisons. B．By analyzing causes. C．By presenting opinions. D．By giving examples. 42．What contributes to the excellent performance of the Paris Olympians? A．The unconventional color of the runway. B．The beautiful scenery of France. C．The romantic atmosphere in Paris. D．The motivation of Olympic spirit. 43．What advantage does purple have according to the passage? A．Creating a sense of calm and stability like blue. B．Helping athletes to develop a balanced personality. C．Having a stronger sense of energy in comparison with red. D．Contributing to keeping a stable yet encouraged state. 44．What is the last paragraph mainly about? A．The technological virtue of the purple track. B．The outstanding performance of great athletes. C．The promising future of the purple runway. D．The overall quality tests on the new runway. 【答案】41．D 42．A 43．D 44．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了巴黎奥运会的紫色跑道，解释了背后的科学原理和技术。 41．推理判断题。根据第一段“In the men’s 10,000 meters, 13 athletes broke the record, with Joshua Cheptegei winning in 26:43.14. The women’s 400 meters final saw all nine athletes finish under 50 seconds.(在男子一万米比赛中，13名运动员打破了纪录，约书亚·切普特盖以26分43秒14的成绩夺冠。女子400米决赛中，所有9名运动员都跑进了50秒)”可知，作者通过具体的例子来解释他的观点。故选D项。 42．细节理解题。根据第三段“Alain Blondel, the head of athletics for the Paris Olympics, noted that this design not only creates a strong visual contrast between the track and the spectators during television broadcasts, highlighting the athletes, but also helps athletes perform better.(巴黎奥运会田径主管阿兰·布隆德尔指出，这种设计不仅在电视转播时在跑道和观众之间创造了强烈的视觉对比，突出了运动员，还有助于运动员取得更好的成绩)”可知，跑道的非传统颜色促成了巴黎奥运会选手的出色表现。故选A项。 43．细节理解题。根据第四段“Purple is considered a cool color, which can create a sense of calm and stability. Unlike blue, another cool color, purple also includes elements of red, a warm color that adds a sense of energy and expansion. This combination of red’s warmth and blue’s coolness gives purple a balanced effect — it calms without being too soft, helping to maintain a steady yet motivated emotional state.(紫色被认为是冷色，它能给人一种平静和稳定的感觉。与另一种冷色蓝色不同，紫色也包含了红色的元素，红色是一种温暖的颜色，增加了能量和扩张的感觉。红色的温暖和蓝色的凉爽的结合给紫色带来了一种平衡的效果——它使人平静而又不太柔和，有助于保持一种稳定而积极的情绪状态)”可知，紫色有助于保持稳定但受鼓励的状态。故选D项。 44．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“This runway is not only eye-catching for its unique color, but also hides the secrets of high technology. The runway is made of high-tech materials developed by Mondo, which have excellent durability and elasticity, and can provide the best competitive condition.(这条跑道不仅因其独特的颜色而引人注目，而且还隐藏着高科技的秘密。跑道采用蒙多研发的高科技材料，具有优异的耐久性和弹性，可以提供最佳的比赛条件)”可知，本段主要讲的是紫色跑道的技术优点。故选A项。 Passage 12 Building with 3D printing technology is sparking widespread interest in the construction industry. Besides reducing waste and our impact on the environment, it can speed up construction from weeks, or months, to days. Projects that use simple raw materials like soil, straw, and even salt, can be built in a fraction of the time and cost of traditional construction. Walls are built up layer by layer using an industrial 3D building printer. Construction waste is reduced as little as possible and, because the printers are mobile, they can be set up quickly where they are needed. Home design can be customized easily, giving architects more creative freedom. Companies use recycled products and eco-friendly cement to reduce carbon dioxide emissions and make building more sustainable. By using a range of simple, readily available or even waste materials like plastic in the mix, it then reduces the chance of materials being unavailable or too costly. Most construction uses conventional methods, but 3D printing is growing steadily. Community building takes on new meaning with the creation of a neighborhood of 10 3D printed homes in Tabasco, Mexico, aimed at tackling global homelessness. Families in the area live on less than $3 a day and New Story says its aim is to provide shelter for the more than one billion people without homes around the world. African island state Madagascar is hosting one of the world’s most forward-thinking school building projects. Non-profit Thinking Huts is using 3D printing technology to provide schools where children have little or no access to education. Schools are built using local materials and low carbon concrete in under a week. Beehive-inspired designs allow buildings to be easily expanded, and each school will include gardens built into the walls and solar panels on the roof for power. 45．What can replace the underlined word “fraction” in paragraph 1? A．Small part. B．New piece. C．Large amount. D．Complete waste. 46．What does the author think of 3D printed buildings compared with traditional ones? A．More classical. B．More complex. C．More expensive. D．More eco-friendly. 47．What is the purpose of the examples in the last two paragraphs? A．To show 3D printing is growing steadily. B．To show how to use 3D printing technology. C．To introduce where 3D printed buildings lie. D．To introduce more advantages of 3D printing. 48．Where can we read this text most likely? A．In a culture and art newspaper. B．On an athletic sports program. C．On a scientific research website. D．In a trade and marketing magazine. 【答案】45．A 46．D 47．A 48．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了3D打印技术在建筑行业的应用，包括其优势（减少浪费、对环境影响小、加速建造、降低成本、使用多种材料、定制性强等）以及一些应用实例。 45．词义猜测题。根据第一段“Besides reducing waste and our impact on the environment, it can speed up construction from weeks, or months, to days.( 除了减少浪费和我们对环境的影响外，它还可以加快建筑速度从几周或几个月到几天)”以及“Projects that use simple raw materials like soil, straw, and even salt, can be built in a … of the time and cost of traditional construction.(使用土壤、稻草甚至盐等简单原材料的项目，可以在传统建筑所需时间和成本的……内建成)”可知，3D打印技术可以加快建筑速度从几周或几个月到几天，且使用土壤、稻草甚至盐等简单原材料，由此可推理出此处是指3D打印建筑技术比传统建筑技术所需时间和成本更少，所以“fraction”意思是“小部分”。故选A项。 46．推理判断题。根据第二段“Walls are built up layer by layer using an industrial 3D building printer. Construction waste is reduced as little as possible(使用工业3D建筑打印机逐层建造墙壁。尽可能减少建筑垃圾)”以及第三段“Companies use recycled products and eco-friendly cement to reduce carbon dioxide emissions and make building more sustainable.(公司使用回收产品和环保水泥来减少二氧化碳排放，使建筑更加可持续)”可知3D打印技术尽可能减少建筑垃圾，使建筑更加可持续，可推理出作者认为3D打印建筑比传统建筑更环保。故选D项。 47．推理判断题。根据第四段“Community building takes on new meaning with the creation of a neighborhood of 10 3D printed homes in Tabasco, Mexico, aimed at tackling global homelessness. Families in the area live on less than $3 a day and New Story says its aim is to provide shelter for the more than one billion people without homes around the world. (墨西哥塔巴斯科州的一个社区建造了10栋3D打印房屋，旨在解决全球无家可归问题。该地区的家庭每天收入不足3美元，New Story表示其目标是为全球超过十亿无家可归的人提供庇护所)”及第五段“African island state Madagascar is hosting one of the world’s most forward-thinking school building projects. Non-profit Thinking Huts is using 3D printing technology to provide schools where children have little or no access to education. Schools are built using local materials and low carbon concrete in under a week. Beehive-inspired designs allow buildings to be easily expanded, and each school will include gardens built into the walls and solar panels on the roof for power(非洲岛国马达加斯加正在承办世界上最具前瞻性的学校建设项目之一。非营利组织Thinking Huts利用3D打印技术，在儿童教育机会极少或根本没有的地区提供学校。这些学校的建设使用当地材料和低碳混凝土，不到一周就能建成。受蜂巢启发的设计使建筑易于扩展，每所学校都将包括嵌入墙壁的花园以及屋顶上的太阳能电池板以供电力)”可知，墨西哥塔巴斯科州的一个社区建造了10栋3D打印房屋，旨在解决全球无家可归问题。且非营利组织Thinking Huts利用3D打印技术，在儿童教育机会极少或根本没有的地区提供学校，由此可推理出后两段的目的是为了说明第三段结尾“ 3D printing is growing steadily. (3D打印建筑正在稳步增长)”的观点，故选A项。 48．推理判断题。根据第一段“Building with 3D printing technology is sparking widespread interest in the construction industry.(使用3D打印技术进行建筑正在建筑行业引起广泛关注)”、第二段“Walls are built up layer by layer using an industrial 3D building printer. Construction waste is reduced as little as possible(使用工业3D建筑打印机逐层建造墙壁。尽可能减少建筑垃圾)”以及第三段“Companies use recycled products and eco-friendly cement to reduce carbon dioxide emissions and make building more sustainable.(公司使用回收产品和环保水泥来减少二氧化碳排放，使建筑更加可持续)”可知，文章主要介绍了3D打印建筑的优势，可推理出这篇文章很可能来自一个科学研究的网站。故选C项。 Passage 13 A new simulation (模拟) technology developed by the University of Bristol enables effective remote control of lunar robots for moon dust collection, and potentially reducing the cost and complexity of lunar missions. Teleoperated robots for collecting moon dust are one step closer to reality, thanks to this new research. Alongside a boom in lunar lander missions this decade, several organizations are now researching how best to extract valuable resources, such as oxygen and water, from readily available materials such as lunar regolith (风化层). Remote handling of regolith will be an essential step in these activities, as it would first need to be collected from the Moon’s surface. Traditional methods for collecting and analyzing lunar samples often require human intervention or complex robotic systems, which can be affected by communication delays. This new approach uses a simulation to control physical robots, improving the efficiency and effectiveness of remote operations on the Moon and revolutionizing how lunar resources are collected and managed. Using a virtual model of regolith can also reduce the barriers to entry for people looking to develop lunar robots. Instead of needing to invest in expensive simulants (模拟物), or have access to facilities, people developing lunar robots could use this simulation to carry out initial tests on their systems. Future work should focus on improving the simulation and overcoming non-technical barriers, like whether human operators trust that the system will work. Overall, the ongoing development of this technology will be critical to the success of upcoming lunar missions and the broader goal of establishing a sustained human presence on the Moon. 49．Why does the author mention traditional methods in the third paragraph? A．To provide some examples. B．To introduce the new system. C．To analyze the difficulties they met. D．To highlight the advantages of the new technology. 50．What challenge might human operators need to address? A．Developing lunar robots. B．Collecting materials. C．Trusting the system. D．Investing in expensive facilities. 51．What is the future of this new simulation technology? A．Limited. B．Promising. C．Uncertain. D．Challenging. 52．What is the main idea of the passage? A．An innovative lunar robot is developed by scientists. B．Cutting-edge technology enables effective remote control of robots. C．Astronauts successfully extract lunar regolith in lunar lander missions. D．A groundbreaking simulation technology brings us closer to lunar research. 【答案】49．D 50．C 51．B 52．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了布里斯托大学开发的一项新的模拟技术，该技术能够实现对月球机器人的有效远程控制，用于月球灰尘收集，并可能降低月球任务的成本和复杂性。 49．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Traditional methods for collecting and analyzing lunar samples often require human intervention or complex robotic systems, which can be affected by communication delays.(收集和分析月球样本的传统方法往往需要人工干预或复杂的机器人系统，这些系统可能会受到通信延迟的影响)”可知，作者在第三段提到传统方法需要人工干预或复杂的机器人系统，并且可能受到通信延迟的影响。紧接着，文章第四段“This new approach uses a simulation to control physical robots, improving the efficiency and effectiveness of remote operations on the Moon and revolutionizing how lunar resources are collected and managed.(这种新方法使用模拟来控制实体机器人，提高了月球远程操作的效率和有效性，并彻底改变了月球资源的收集和管理方式)”中介绍了新的方法，即使用模拟来控制实体机器人，提高了月球远程操作的效率和有效性，并彻底改变了月球资源的收集和管理方式。因此，作者提到传统方法是为了与新方法形成对比，从而突出新技术的优势。故选D。 50．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Future work should focus on improving the simulation and overcoming non-technical barriers, like whether human operators trust that the system will work.(未来的工作应侧重于改进模拟技术并克服非技术障碍，比如人类操作者是否信任该系统能正常工作)”可知，人类操作者面临的一个挑战是信任系统，即确保他们相信这个新的模拟技术能够有效地控制月球机器人并完成任务。故选C。 51．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Overall, the ongoing development of this technology will be critical to the success of upcoming lunar missions and the broader goal of establishing a sustained human presence on the Moon.(总的来说，这项技术的持续开发对于即将进行的月球任务的成功以及更广泛的在月球上建立持续人类存在的目标至关重要)”可知，作者认为这项新的模拟技术有着良好的发展前景，对于未来的月球任务和目标至关重要。故选B。 52．主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知，文章开篇指出布里斯托大学开发的一种新模拟技术能实现对月球机器人的有效远程控制以进行月球尘埃收集，有望降低月球任务的成本和复杂性，接着介绍了在月球着陆任务增多的背景下，提取月球风化层等资源时远程操作的重要性，以及传统收集分析月球样本方法的局限，然后阐述了这种新模拟技术的优势，比如利用风化层虚拟模型可降低开发月球机器人的门槛等，最后提及未来工作的重点及该技术对未来月球任务成功和人类在月球长期存在这一目标的重要性。选项D“A groundbreaking simulation technology brings us closer to lunar research.(一项开创性的模拟技术使我们离月球研究更近了一步)”准确概括了文章围绕新的模拟技术在助力月球机器人远程操作、降低开发门槛以及对未来月球任务等方面发挥作用，从而推动月球研究向前发展这一核心内容，符合主旨。故选D。 Passage 14 （24-25高二上·广西玉林·阶段练习）Extremely authentic-looking prosthetic (假体的) eyes can now be 3D-printed in a small part of the time it would normally take to produce the eyes by hand, scientists demonstrate in a new study. The new technology can create a prosthetic eye in just 90 minutes, compared with the eight hours it would normally take a skilled technician, or ocularist (假眼制造商), to produce one by hand. The 3D-printed eyes require five times less labor to make than traditional methods, the scientists behind the technology wrote in a new paper published in the journal Nature Communications. The 3D-printed eyes also look more natural than traditional prostheses; this could help improve a patient’s self-confidence in using the devices. “Patients are very conscious about wearing a prosthesis, and they don’t want others to notice,” Johann Reinhard, lead study author and a researcher at the Fraunhofer Institute for Computer Graphics Research in Germany, told us. “With these more realistic eyes, it might help them to participate more in society,” he said. The new printing approach involves taking a specialized image of a patient’s empty eye socket and of their healthy eye. These images are then processed and used to draft blueprints that can be sent to be 3D-printed in the lab. These 3D-printed eyes closely copy the color, size and structure of the patient’s healthy eye and are particularly good at capturing the colored part of the eye, known as the iris (虹膜), and the white part of the eye, called the sclera (巩膜). Once finished, the eyes take 15to30 minutes to be installed (安装) by an ocularist, Reinhard said. “About 80% of adults in need of prosthetic eyes could theoretically have one made this way, either due to a birth defect that causes an eye to be small or missing or because they’ve lost an eye,” the team said. “However, this wouldn’t be possible for all patients, such as those who have a very complex eye socket, as the software wouldn’t be able to find a matching shape for the prosthetic eye,” Reinhard said. “More data are needed to see if this technique could also be used to make prosthetic eyes for children, which would require more regulation,” Reinhard said. 53．Which of the following words can be best used to describe the 3D-printed eyes? A．Eco-friendly. B．Realistic-looking. C．Fit-of-all. D．Time-consuming. 54．How does the author develop his idea mainly in Paragraph 2? A．By identifying a purpose. B．By giving examples. C．By making a comparison. D．By providing evidence. 55．Which statement is true about a 3D-printed eye? A．The patients prefer to show off their prosthetic eyes. B．The installment of one is5times faster than a traditional prosthetic eye. C．It normally takes a skilled technician, or ocularist, to produce one. D．Every adult in need of a prosthetic eye can’t possibly have one. 56．Which of the following would be the best title for the text? A．Prosthetic Eves - the Hope for all Blind People B．3D-printed Eyes - a Source of Confidence C．3D Printing - a Promising Technology D．3D printed Eyes - a Better Choice 【答案】53．B 54．C 55．D 56．D 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了通过3D打印技术制作假眼比传统手工制作更节省成本而且自然逼真，对于有需要的人来说是更好的选择。 53．细节理解题。根据第一段“Extremely authentic-looking prosthetic (假体的) eyes can now be 3D-printed in a small part of the time it would normally take to produce the eyes by hand, scientists demonstrate in a new study. (科学家在一项新研究中证明，现在可以用3D打印技术制作出非常逼真的假眼，而其所用时间仅为手工制作假眼所需的时间的一小部分。)”可知，3D打印技术制作出的假眼是很逼真的。故选B。 54．推理判断题。根据第二段“The new technology can create a prosthetic eye in just 90 minutes, compared with the eight hours it would normally take a skilled technician, or ocularist, to produce one by hand. The 3D-printed eyes require five times less labor to make than traditional methods, the scientists behind the technology wrote in a new paper published in the journal Nature Communications. (这项新技术可以在90分钟内制造出一只假眼，而通常情况下，熟练的技术人员或眼科医生手工制作一只假眼需要8个小时。该技术背后的科学家在《自然通讯》杂志上发表的一篇新论文中写道，与传统方法相比，3D打印眼睛所需的劳动力减少了五倍。) ”可知，作者通过比较的手段来阐述利用3D打印眼睛的技术会比传统手工制作更快更便捷。故选C。 55．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段““About 80% of adults in need of prosthetic eyes could theoretically have one made this way, either due to a birth defect that causes an eye to be small or missing or because they've lost an eye,” the team said. “However, this wouldn't be possible for all patients, such as those who have a very complex eye socket, as the software wouldn't be able to find a matching shape for the prosthetic eye,” Reinhard said. (研究小组说：“理论上，大约80%需要假眼的成年人可以这样做，要么是因为出生缺陷导致眼睛小或缺失，要么是因为他们失去了一只眼睛。”“然而，这并不适用于所有患者，比如那些眼窝非常复杂的患者，因为软件无法找到与假眼匹配的形状，”Reinhard说。)”可知，由于有些人眼窝结构复杂，因此不是每个需要假眼的成年人都能拥有一只。故选D。 56．主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第一段“Extremely authentic-looking prosthetic (假体的) eyes can now be 3D-printed in a small part of the time it would normally take to produce the eyes by hand, scientists demonstrate in a new study. (科学家在一项新研究中证明，现在可以用3D打印技术制作出非常逼真的假眼，而其所用时间仅为手工制作假眼所需的时间的一小部分。)”和第二段的“The new technology can create a prosthetic eye in just 90 minutes, compared with the eight hours it would normally take a skilled technician, or ocularist, to produce one by hand. The 3D-printed eyes require five times less labor to make than traditional methods, the scientists behind the technology wrote in a new paper published in the journal Nature Communications. (这项新技术可以在90分钟内制造出一只假眼，而通常情况下，熟练的技术人员或眼科医生手工制作一只假眼需要8个小时。该技术背后的科学家在《自然通讯》杂志上发表的一篇新论文中写道，与传统方法相比，3D打印眼睛所需的劳动力减少了五倍。) ”可知，通过 3D打印技术制作假眼比传统手工制作更节省成本而且自然逼真，因此对于有需要的人来说是更好的选择，D项“3D打印眼睛——更好的选择”为最佳标题。故选D。 Passage 15 Fear of technological progress is as old as technology itself, especially when it comes to its effect on employment. That is exactly what we are now seeing with automation, which is being described as a threat to the well-being of human beings. It cannot be denied that innovation including automation, disrupts existing industries and in turn the lives of individuals, families and communities. There is a long list of professions that no longer exist because of innovation, including elevator operators, telephone operators, and the list goes on. History, however, shows that we have more reasons for optimism than for fear. First, new technologies often lower costs while improving our overall quality of life. For example, robotic process automation (RPA) software is helping reduce administrative burdens by mimicking human actions and performing repetitive tasks, such as recording data. This automation is most needed in the U. S. health care industry, where the excessive amount of time spent on administrative tasks is causing physician burnout and higher fees. Second, new technologies often create jobs. The greater demand for new products increases demand for workers with the skills to develop, refine and use those goods. It’s true that the rise of new products and industries make older ones obsolete, but the same advancements that eliminated typists and human calculators also gave millions the chance to be developers, programmers, database administrators and broadband engineers. As stated by economist Alex Tabarrok, if technology didn’t create any jobs, “we would all be out of work because productivity has been increasing for two centuries”. And despite the alarmists, disruption doesn’t necessarily translate into social turmoil. Studies show that there is usually a significant lag time between the development and adoption of a given technology — sometimes up to four decades — giving workers time to adjust, gain new proficiencies and find jobs in new industries. Meanwhile, families and communities with higher standards of living thanks to technology are able to help those transitioning in a much more personal and dignifying way than a government-based approach. We should not fall into the trap of looking at a new innovation with the glass half-empty, envisioning a worst case scenario and failing to account for its net benefits. While automation and innovation can be difficult emotionally and affect people’s livelihoods, top-down policies, such as universal basic incomes or technology bans, suppress the freedom that innovation and human creativity need to flourish. Before we give in to mass hysteria or institute government-led “solutions”, let’s remember the myriad ways that innovation has removed barriers. 57．What causes the doctors to be exhausted in America according the passage? A．Doctors have to take care of too many patients in America. B．Doctors spend too much time on non-professional tasks. C．Doctors have to work harder to earn more and live a better life. D．Doctors have to work long time to compete with new technologies. 58．What does the writer suggest we should do to face the coming automation? A．Wait for the assistance from the government. B．Lower our expectation of the new technology. C．Learn some new skills to work as a programmer. D．Adjust ourselves to be familiar with new industries. 59．Which of the following doesn’t account for our optimistic attitude towards automation? A．Automation can save people a lot of money. B．Automation offers people new job opportunities. C．Automation brings improvement to people life. D．Automation will make old-fashioned jobs disappear. 60．What can we conclude from the passage? A．People used to embrace new technology with their open arms. B．New technology will definitely lead to some social disturbance. C．We should see the whole picture concerning new technology. D．The government is to blame for the problems brought by new technology. 【答案】57．B 58．D 59．D 60．C 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章讨论了技术进步，特别是自动化对就业的影响，并指出尽管技术进步可能会颠覆现有行业并影响个人、家庭和社区的生活，但我们有更多理由保持乐观。 57．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“This automation is most needed in the U.S. health care industry, where the excessive amount of time spent on administrative tasks is causing physician burnout and higher fees(美国医疗保健行业最需要这种自动化，在这个行业中，花费在行政任务上的时间过多，导致医生疲惫不堪且费用更高)”可知，美国医生疲惫的原因是在非专业任务（行政任务）上花费了太多时间。故选B项。 58．推理判断题。根据文章第五段“Studies show that there is usually a significant lag time between the development and adoption of a given technology — sometimes up to four decades — giving workers time to adjust, gain new proficiencies and find jobs in new industries.(研究表明，一项特定技术的开发和应用之间通常存在显著的时间差 —— 有时长达四十年 —— 这给了工人时间去调整，获得新技能并在新行业找到工作)”可知，面对即将到来的自动化要去调整，获得新技能并在新行业找到工作，可推理出作者暗示我们要调整自己，熟悉新行业。故选D项。 59．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“First, new technologies often lower costs while improving our overall quality of life.(首先，新技术通常在降低成本的同时提高我们的整体生活质量)”可知，自动化能节省开支、改善生活，对应A、C选项；根据第四段“Second, new technologies often create jobs.(其次，新技术通常会创造就业机会)”可知，自动化提供新工作机会，对应B选项。而D项“Automation will make old - fashioned jobs disappear.(自动化会使老式工作消失)”并非我们对自动化持乐观态度的原因，相反，这是人们担忧的方面。故选D项。 60．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“We should not fall into the trap of looking at a new innovation with the glass half - empty, envisioning a worst - case scenario and failing to account for its net benefits.(我们不应陷入悲观看待新创新的陷阱，只设想最坏的情况而忽视其净收益)”可知，我们应该全面看待新技术，既要看到它带来的问题，也要看到它的好处。故选C项。 Ⅱ阅读理解七选五 Passage 1 （24-25高二上·湖南长沙·期末）While the tech industry is always advertising the next hot device, the reality is that you already own a lot of amazing tools. And you can certainly do much more with all the devices you already own. 1 2 Smiling faces aren’t just for text messages on your phone. You can use emojis (表情包) in many programs. On a Windows PC, press the Windows key and the period key at the same time. On a Mac, press command, control and the space bar at the same time to reveal the emojis. Get your smart speaker talking. If you have a smart speaker such as Apple HomePod or Google Nest, you’re probably asking Siri or Google Assistant to set timers, play music, switch lights on and off. 3 You can use them as a convenient translation device. With a Google speaker, say “Hey Google, interpret French”. Then just speak to hear your words translated. Apple HomePod, also known as Siri, will translate what you say from English. Watch videos on a big screen. 4 In the YouTube app, for example, if you tap on any actively playing video, you’ll see a WiFi symbol in its corner. That’s the button, and tapping it will let you play whatever video you’re watching on any matched TV or display around you. Tell your TV what to do. Many modern smart TVs and streaming devices have remotes with built-in microphones. Just hold down the microphone button and say what you want to watch, launch streaming channels and more. 5 A．And these speakers are useless. B．Find emojis on your computer. C．But these speakers are a lot smarter than that. D．Emojis are able to be typed in your computer. E．Here’s how to use them to live a better life today! F．You may also be able to press and hold the microphone button and speak to type with your voice. G．On smart TVs, projecting content from a phone app to a bigger screen is so easy. 【答案】1．E 2．B 3．C 4．G 5．F 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了一些更聪明地利用现有设备的方法。 1．根据上文“While the tech industry is always advertising the next hot device, the reality is that you already own a lot of amazing tool. And you can certainly do much more with all the devices you already own.(虽然科技行业总是在宣传下一个热门设备，但现实是，你已经拥有了很多令人惊叹的工具。当然，你可以用现有的设备做更多的事情)”可知，本句为本段最后一句，属于过渡句，承接上文说明如何利用现有的设备，同时启示下文的使用方法。故E选项“下面是如何利用它们让今天的生活更美好的方法！”符合语境，故选E。 2．根据本段内容“Smiling faces aren’t just for text messages on your phone. You can use emojis (表情包) in many programs. On a Windows PC, press the Windows key and the period key at the same time. On a Mac, press command, control and the space bar at the same time to reveal the emojis.(笑脸不只是出现在手机短信上。你可以在很多程序中使用表情符号。在Windows电脑上，同时按“Windows”键和“句号”键。在Mac电脑上，同时按command、control和空格键就可以显示表情符号)”可知，本段的主旨是使用表情符号，B选项Emojis对应后文emojis。故B选项“在你的电脑上寻找表情符号”符合语境，故选B。 3．根据上文“If you have a smart speaker such as Apple HomePod or Google Nest, you’re probably asking Siri or Google Assistant to set timers, play music, switch lights on and off.(如果你有苹果HomePod或谷歌Nest这样的智能音箱，你可能会让Siri或谷歌Assistant设置计时器、播放音乐、开关灯)”以及后文“You can use them as a convenient translation device. With a Google speaker, say “Hey Google, interpret French”. Then just speak to hear your words translated. Apple HomePod, also known as Siri, will translate what you say from English.(你可以把它们当作一种方便的翻译工具。用谷歌扬声器，说“Hey谷歌，翻译法语”。然后开口说话，听人翻译你的话。苹果的Home Pod，也就是Siri，会把你说的话从英语翻译出来)”可知，上文列举了设备具有的音箱功能，后文给出了具体的使用方法，C选项中speaker对应后文speaker。故C选项“但是这些扬声器要聪明得多”符合语境，故选C。 4．根据后文“In the YouTube app, for example, if you tap on any actively playing video, you’ll see a WiFi symbol in its corner. That’s the button, and tapping it will let you play whatever video you’re watching on any matched TV or display around you.(例如，在YouTube应用程序中，如果你点击任何正在播放的视频，你会在其角落看到一个WiFi符号。这是一个按钮，点击它，你就可以在你周围任何匹配的电视或显示器上播放你正在看的视频)”可知，后文讲述了如何在周围任何匹配的电视或显示器上播放正在观看的任何视频，即将手机上的内容转移到更大的屏幕上。故G选项“在智能电视上，将手机应用程序中的内容投射到更大的屏幕上非常容易”符合语境，故选G。 5．根据上文“Many modern smart TVs and streaming devices have remotes with built-in microphones. Just hold down the microphone button and say what you want to watch, launch streaming channels and more.(许多现代智能电视和流媒体设备都有内置麦克风的遥控器。只要按住麦克风按钮，说出你想看什么，启动流媒体频道和更多)”可知，上文主要说明了使用麦克风，即通过声音来做一些操作。F选项中microphone对应上文microphone。故F选项“你也可以按住麦克风按钮，用你的声音打字”符合语境，故选F。 Passage 2 （24-25高二上·福建龙岩·阶段练习）Machine learning is a way of teaching computers to do tasks. 6 But with machine learning, computers pick up new skills on their own. This makes machine learning a powerful form of artificial intelligence, or AI. AI is the ability of a machine to think or learn like a person. AI systems power many kinds of machines — from smartphones to robots. 7 The most common is supervised learning (监督式学习). In this method, a computer is fed lots of labeled training data. For instance, it may look at many photos of dogs. Each photo might be labeled with the dog’s breed (品种). 8 Then, the computer can pick out dog breeds in new, unlabeled photos. The more data the computer studies, the better it gets at its task. Another important kind of machine learning is reinforcement learning (强化学习). Using this type of learning is sort of like training your dog to do a trick (把戏). The computer learns to achieve some goal by interacting with its environment. When the computer makes a choice that brings it closer to its goal, it gets a virtual reward. 9 This type of machine learning has helped computers master difficult games like Go. It has also been used to teach self-driving cars how to get around. Machine learning has helped create technology all around us. 10 When your streaming services recommend new shows you might like, that’s machine learning at work. Machine learning systems even help diagnose (诊断) diseases. In many ways, the problem-solving power of machine learning is reshaping the world. A．There are a few types of machine learning. B．Sometimes, the computer will break down. C．It powers language translators and search engines. D．However, machine learning is a threat to our personal information. E．Through trial and error, the computer learns to make better choices. F．By studying those photos, the computer learns what each breed looks like. G．In the past, to do anything computers relied on step-by-step instructions written by a person. 【答案】6．G 7．A 8．F 9．E 10．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了机器学习的一些类型以及应用情况。 6．根据上文“Machine learning is a way of teaching computers to do tasks.(机器学习是一种教计算机完成任务的方法)”以及后文“But with machine learning, computers pick up new skills on their own.(但是通过机器学习，计算机可以自己学习新技能)”可知，后文与本句为转折关系，后文提到计算机可以自己学习新进能，推测本句是在说明计算机无法自主工作，需要依靠人。故G选项“在过去，电脑做任何事情都依赖于人一步步写的指令”符合语境，故选G。 7．根据后文“The most common is supervised learning (监督式学习). In this method, a computer is fed lots of labeled training data. For instance, it may look at many photos of dogs. Each photo might be labeled with the dog’s breed (品种).(最常见的是监督学习。在这种方法中，向计算机输入大量标记的训练数据。例如，它可能会查看许多狗的照片。每张照片可能都标有狗的品种)”以及“Another important kind of machine learning is reinforcement learning (强化学习).(另一种重要的机器学习是强化学习)”可知，后文列举了计算机学习最常见的学习方式，以及强化学习方式，推测计算机学习不止一种类型。故A选项“机器学习有几种类型”符合语境，故选A。 8．根据上文“For instance, it may look at many photos of dogs. Each photo might be labeled with the dog’s breed (品种).(例如，它可能会查看许多狗的照片。每张照片可能都标有狗的品种)”以及后文“Then, the computer can pick out dog breeds in new, unlabeled photos.(然后，计算机可以在新的、未标记的照片中挑选出狗的品种)”可知，本句主要说明计算机通过学习上文提到的照片，来了解狗的品种，F选项中breed对应上文breed。故F选项“通过研究这些照片，计算机了解每个品种的长相”符合语境，故选F。 9．根据上文“Another important kind of machine learning is reinforcement learning (强化学习). Using this type of learning is sort of like training your dog to do a trick (把戏). The computer learns to achieve some goal by interacting with its environment. When the computer makes a choice that brings it closer to its goal, it gets a virtual reward.(另一种重要的机器学习是强化学习。使用这种学习方式有点像训练你的狗做一个魔术。计算机通过与环境相互作用来学习实现某种目标。当计算机做出一个让它更接近目标的选择时，它会得到一个虚拟的奖励)”以及后文“This type of machine learning has helped computers master difficult games like Go. It has also been used to teach self-driving cars how to get around.(这种类型的机器学习已经帮助计算机掌握了像围棋这样的高难度游戏。它也被用来教自动驾驶汽车如何出行)”可知，上文提到计算机做出一个让它更接近目标的选择，即计算机需要做选择来进行学习，E选项choices对应上文choice。故E选项“通过反复试验，计算机学会了做出更好的选择”符合语境，故选E。 10．根据上文“Machine learning has helped create technology all around us.(机器学习帮助创造了我们身边的技术)”可知，本句承接上文，说明机器学习在日常中的应用。故C选项“它为语言翻译和搜索引擎提供动力”符合语境，故选C。 Passage 3 （24-25高二上·山东枣庄·阶段练习）Back in primary school, under the guidance of our librarian, reading index (索引) cards was how my classmates and I located the books we wanted and entered the world of ideas. It was amazing. 11 The same librarian explained that book-locating information was also available on a website. We could select books without even leaving our chairs. 12 The librarian was not confident that the new technology would last . So, as kids, we kept one foot planted in each world, learning the digital landscape while also physically exploring libraries. Throughout educational history, new tools have been accepted, rejected, or ignored. Digital card catalogues (目录) are an example of tools that facilitate learning, leading many schools to adopt a generally friendly attitude toward new technologies. 13 Some can negatively affect our learning, the most recent example being ChatGPT. ChatGPT is an AI chatbot that can respond to the questions one asks, drawing on stores of information and its interactions with other users. Where ChatGPT impacts education is in completing tasks assigned to students. Students can quit thinking — allowing ChatGPT to digest difficult readings on their behalf. 14 But learning to write is learning to think. Thinking is something we need to grow and progress as human beings. 15 ChatGPT and related technologies destroy this important task. I recommend that students resist employing them in the context of reading and writing if they wish to be transformed by their learning. A．Education is meant to shape a person. B．But not all of them are equally constructive. C．Certainly, AI can efficiently handle these tasks for them. D．They can also ask it to construct essays assigned by professors. E．However, this whole process seemed disappointing the very next day. F．In those days, we were living between the digital and pre-digital worlds. G．If allowed unlimited access to AI-based tools, no one would bother to think. 【答案】11．E 12．F 13．B 14．D 15．G 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了教育技术发展对学生的影响，特别是ChatGPT等AI技术在阅读和写作任务中的应用及其潜在危害。 11．根据上文“Back in primary school, under the guidance of our librarian, reading index cards was how my classmates and I located the books we wanted and entered the world of ideas. It was amazing.(回到小学时，在图书管理员的指导下，我和我的同学通过阅读索引卡找到我们想要的书，进入思想的世界。这太神奇了。)”和下文“The same librarian explained that book-locating information was also available on a website. We could select books without even leaving our chairs.(同一位图书管理员解释说，网站上也有书籍定位信息。我们甚至不用离开椅子就可以选择书籍。)”可知，第一天作者和同学们还在通过索引卡找书，觉得非常神奇，而第二天图书管理员就告诉作者他们可以在网站上找书，说明这个过程发展得太快了，令人失望，所以选项E“然而，第二天，整个过程似乎就令人失望了”符合语境。故选E。 12．根据下文“The librarian was not confident that the new technology would last. So, as kids, we kept one foot planted in each world, learning the digital landscape while also physically exploring libraries.(图书管理员对这项新技术能否持久并不抱信心。所以，作为孩子，我们一只脚踏在每个世界里，在学习数字环境的同时，也在实体图书馆中探索。)”可知，当时既存在数字化世界，也存在数字化前的世界，所以孩子们在两个世界中穿梭，故选项F“在那些日子里，我们生活在数字和数字化前的世界之间”符合语境。故选F。 13．根据上文“Digital card catalogues are an example of tools that facilitate learning, leading many schools to adopt a generally friendly attitude toward new technologies.(数字卡片目录是促进学习的工具的一个例子，这使得许多学校对新技术采取了一般友好的态度。)”和下文“Some can negatively affect our learning, the most recent example being ChatGPT.(有些会对我们的学习产生负面影响，最近的一个例子就是ChatGPT。)”可知，上文提到数字卡片目录等新技术对学习有促进作用，而下文说有些新技术会对学习产生负面影响，说明并非所有的新技术都是具有建设性的，故选项B“但并非所有工具都具有同等建设性”符合语境。故选B。 14．根据上文“ChatGPT is an AI chatbot that can respond to the questions one asks, drawing on stores of information and its interactions with other users. Where ChatGPT impacts education is in completing tasks assigned to students. Students can quit thinking — allowing ChatGPT to digest difficult readings on their behalf.(ChatGPT是一个人工智能聊天机器人，它可以回答人们提出的问题，利用存储的信息和与其他用户的交互。ChatGPT对教育的影响体现在完成分配给学生的任务上。学生们可以停止思考——让ChatGPT代表他们消化难懂的阅读材料。)”可知，ChatGPT是一个人工智能聊天机器人，可以回答问题和消化阅读材料，由此可推测出，ChatGPT也可以撰写教授布置的文章，所以选项D“他们还可以要求它撰写教授布置的文章”符合语境。故选D。 15．根据上文“But learning to write is learning to think. Thinking is something we need to grow and progress as human beings.(但学习写作就是学习思考。思考是我们作为人类成长和进步所需要的。)”和下文“ChatGPT and related technologies destroy this important task. I recommend that students resist employing them in the context of reading and writing if they wish to be transformed by their learning.(ChatGPT和相关技术破坏了这一重要任务。我建议学生如果在阅读和写作的情境中想要通过学习得到转变，就不要使用它们。)”可知，思考对人类很重要，而ChatGPT和相关技术会破坏思考这一重要任务，由此可推测出，如果允许无限制地使用基于人工智能的工具，没有人会费心去思考，所以选项G“如果允许无限制地使用基于人工智能的工具，没有人会费心去思考”符合语境。故选G。 Passage 4 （24-25高二上·福建福州·阶段练习） Pathways to Scientific BreakthroughsThe Genesis of Novel Ideas Scientific discoveries often sprout from the most unexpected seeds. A spark of curiosity can set off a chain reaction. 16 . When Archimedes noticed water spilling over as he got into the bath, that simple observation led to his famous “Eureka!” moment about displacement. Such everyday encounters, when observed with a scientific eye, can birth revolutionary concepts. Collaboration: A Winning Formula In the complex web of modern science, collaboration has become non-negotiable. 17 . Researchers from diverse fields, like biologists and computer scientists working on bioinformatics projects, pool their expertise. The biologists bring knowledge of living organisms, while computer scientists offer advanced data analysis tools. Together, they crack problems that would stump an individual researcher.Weathering the Storm of Setbacks The journey to a scientific discovery is riddled with obstacles. Experiments fail, hypotheses crumble. 18 . But it’s precisely these setbacks that separate the greats from the rest. Einstein faced numerous rejections before his theories gained acceptance. Instead of quitting, he refined his work, using failures as stepping stones to success. 19 Staying informed about the latest scientific trends is as vital as the discovery process itself. New research papers, emerging technologies, and global conferences are treasure troves of knowledge. Scientists who keep their ears to the ground can borrow ideas, adapt methods, and sometimes stumble upon the missing piece of their research puzzle.The Road Ahead To wrap it up, achieving remarkable scientific feats requires a blend of qualities. 20 . Nurturing these in budding scientists will ensure a future filled with even more awe-inspiring discoveries. A．So, what qualities should future scientists focus on? B．They bounce ideas off each other, forging new solutions. C．How can scientists make the best use of collaborations? D．Keeping Abreast of Scientific Advancements E．It’s these chance observations that lead to breakthroughs. F．What drives scientists to persevere through failures? G．But they don’t let these setbacks derail them. 【答案】16．E 17．B 18．G 19．D 20．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。阐述科学突破的途径，涉及新奇想法、合作、应对挫折、紧跟进展及所需品质等方面。 16．由上文“Scientific discoveries often sprout from the most unexpected seeds. A spark of curiosity can set off a chain reaction.(科学发现常常源于最意想不到的种子。一丝好奇心就能引发连锁反应。)”可知，这里强调意外发现能引发科学突破，而E项It’s these chance observations that lead to breakthroughs.(正是这些偶然的观察带来了突破。)符合语境， 进一步说明这些偶然观察能带来突破，与前文衔接紧密，其中these chance observations呼应前文unexpected seeds等内容，有承上作用。故选E项。 17．由上文“Collaboration: A Winning Formula(合作：一个制胜法则)”以及“In the complex web of modern science, collaboration has become non-negotiable.(在现代科学复杂的网络中，合作已成为不可协商的必要之事。)”可知，这里在强调合作的重要性，而B项They bounce ideas off each other, forging new solutions.(他们相互交流想法，打造新的解决方案。)符合语境， 具体说明了合作时大家是如何做的，对合作的情况进一步阐释，其中they指代前文的Researchers，有承上作用。故选B项。 18．由上文“The journey to a scientific discovery is riddled with obstacles. Experiments fail, hypotheses crumble.(科学发现之旅布满了障碍。实验失败，假设崩塌。)”可知，这里说明科学发现会遇到很多挫折，而G项But they don’t let these setbacks derail them.(但他们不会让这些挫折使他们偏离正轨。)则表明面对挫折应有的态度，与前文衔接，they指代前文的科学家们，符合语境，有承上作用。故选G项。 19．此空为该段小标题，根据后文“Staying informed about the latest scientific trends is as vital as the discovery process itself.(了解最新的科学趋势与发现过程本身一样重要。)”可知，这段主要讲要紧跟科学进展，而D项Keeping Abreast of Scientific Advancements(紧跟科学进展)符合语境， 能概括该段内容，作为小标题合适。故选D项。 20．由上文“To wrap it up, achieving remarkable scientific feats requires a blend of qualities.(总而言之，取得非凡的科学成就需要多种品质的结合。)”可知，这里提到需要多种品质，而A项 So, what qualities should future scientists focus on?(那么，未来的科学家应该关注哪些品质呢？)符合语境，进一步针对这些品质进行提问，有承上作用。故选A项。 Passage 5 （24-25高二上·广东广州·期中）What technologies will be in the classroom of the futureCloud technology Thanks to the cloud, homework, educational resources and other learning materials can be accessed from any device with an Internet connection. 21 , and they also will not have to worry about carrying heavy textbooks and other educational materials around with them.Virtual reality Virtual reality (VR) technology can be used to create unique learning experiences that inspire a student’s imagination and creativity. 22 but there are cost-efficient options such as Google Cardboard that can offer educators an affordable way to introduce this technology in their classrooms.Flexible displays (显示器) OLED-based displays would be much like a regular piece of paper. They would be extremely thin and flexible. 23 This technology could make traditional paper products extinct. It could have a huge impact on productivity and on the environmental integrity (环境完整性) of our planet. 24 We’ve already seen classrooms transition away from the traditional whiteboard to interactive (互动的) smart boards. What about smart desks? This technology would allow students to team up on projects and tasks with students all over the country and the world. 25 , there are currently no available smart desk devices on the market designed for education. A．Smart desks B．Gaming in class C．VR headsets can be costly D．While the technology exists to make this a reality E．Cloud technology breaks the limits students used to face F．The benefits of this technology go beyond the classroom G．Students may no longer claim that their dog ate their homework、 【答案】21．G 22．C 23．F 24．A 25．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了未来课堂上可能应用的技术。 21．根据上文的“Thanks to the cloud, homework, educational resources and other learning materials can be accessed from any device with an Internet connection.(由于有了“云技术”，作业、教育资源和其他学习材料可以从任何连接互联网的设备上访问。)”以及下文中的“and they also will not have to worry about carrying heavy textbooks and other educational materials around with them.(他们也不必担心随身携带沉重的教科书和其他教育材料。)”可知，设空处表明“云技术”带来的改变，G选项“Students may no longer claim that their dog ate their homework(学生们可能不会再声称他们的狗吃了他们的作业)”承接上文的内容，且与空后的内容为并列关系，下文中的“they”指代该项中的“Students”，且该选项中的“homework”与上文中的“homework”是原词复现。故选G项。 22．根据下文中的“but there are cost-efficient options such as Google Cardboard that can offer educators an affordable way to introduce this technology in their classrooms.(但也有一些经济高效的选择，比如谷歌Cardboard，可以为教育工作者提供一种经济实惠的方式，将这项技术引入他们的课堂。)”可知，设空处应与下文的内容为转折关系，表明VR技术昂贵，C选项“VR headsets can be costly(VR耳机可能很昂贵)”与下文形成转折关系，且其中的“VR headsets”和上文中的“Virtual reality (VR) technology”相呼应,“costly”和下文中的“cost efficient”形成对比。故选C项。 23．根据上文的“OLED-based displays would be much like a regular piece of paper. They would be extremely thin and flexible.(基于OLED的显示器就像一张普通的纸。它们将非常薄且柔韧。)”可知，此处介绍了基于OLED的显示器的特征，结合下文中的“This technology could make traditional paper products extinct. It could have a huge impact on productivity and on the environmental integrity (环境完整性) of our planet.(这项技术可能会使传统的纸制品灭绝。它可能会对生产力和地球的环境完整性产生巨大影响。)”可知，作者介绍了OLED显示器带来的影响，F选项“The benefits of this technology go beyond the classroom(这项技术的好处超越了课堂)”讲述的内容承接了上文的内容，且引出下文介绍的这项技术在课堂之外的影响，符合语境，其中的“this technology”为解题的关键信息。故选F项。 24．分析语篇可知，此处应为本段的主题句，根据下文中的“We’ve already seen classrooms transition away from the traditional whiteboard to interactive (互动的) smart boards. What about smart desks? This technology would allow students to team up on projects and tasks with students all over the country and the world.(我们已经看到教室从传统的白板过渡到交互式智能板。智能课桌呢？这项技术将允许学生与来自全国和世界各地的学生合作完成项目和任务。)”可知，该段主要介绍智能课桌技术，A选项“Smart desks(智能课桌)”能概括该段主旨。故选A项。 25．根据下文中的“there are currently no available smart desk devices on the market designed for education.(目前市场上还没有为教育设计的智能桌面设备)”可知，目前智能课桌技术尚未应用于教育领域中，由此可知，该技术已存在，且已用于其它领域，D选项“While the technology exists to make this a reality(虽然现有的技术可以使这成为现实)”为while引导的让步状语从句，符合句法结构，且表明了现实中存在智能课桌技术，该项中的“this”指代上文中的“allow students to team up on projects and tasks with students all over the country and the world”，符合语境。故选D项。 ( 33 / 45 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 4 Living with technology (译林版2020选择必修第二册) 单元话题阅读精练(阅读理解15篇+七选五5篇) Ⅰ阅读理解 Passage 1 （24-25高二上·广东深圳·期末）The technology for speech-recognition systems has advanced greatly since its appearance in the1950s. Many voice systems can understand the language when spoken at a normal conversational rate. But even the advanced human-machine interfaces (人机交互) used today are unable to trick the listeners into thinking a computer is a human. Why is this? Simply put, it’s because human beings rely on more than words to convey ideas or interpret messages, such as tones, facial expressions, body movements, and objects in the world around them. One significant recent achievement in the field of talking computers is virtual personal assistants(VPAs) on mobile phones. If you tell a mobile phone VPA that you want to schedule a lunch with a friend, it can set the appointment in your phone in seconds. The VPA can also hold a basic “conversation” and has earned fame for its elementary sense of humour. Still, the humour is preprogrammed and can be triggered only when human users speak certain key words. While the potential for “real” communication between a human and a machine may seem exciting, this possibility concerns some people. Some experts worry about people’s attachment to these machines and fear that the art of successful human-to-human conversation will be undeveloped in younger generations. They worry that people won’t be able to display the right emotion or tone in conversations because they haven’t been practising those skills. Others fear that machines will take over functions that were traditionally performed by humans, such as customer service. Another concern often associated with the development of new technology is the invasion of privacy (侵犯隐私). When people use certain speech-recognition applications, they leave behind an audio track of their speech. When you ask a VPA for directions, your speech is sent and saved to a remote server for processing. This digital trail may lead to data mining, or the collection of large quantities of personal data. For now, however, the continuing evolution of speech-recognition software is worth expecting. Leading companies in the field hope to make human communication with machines as seamless as possible, just like communicating with another human. 1．According to the text, what can a VPA do? A．Entertain users with its original jokes. B．Enable people to regard it as a human. C．Hold preprogrammed conversations. D．Display the right tones in conversations. 2．Which situation reflects the concerns mentioned in the text? A．One VPA service was priced higher for protecting users’ privacy. B．An airline bore high costs for applying VPAs to its online service. C．An app failed to offer the right direction when given spoken instructions. D．Some teenagers became more socially awkward due to the addiction to VPAs. 3．What is the purpose of the text? A．To inform readers of the double-edged quality of a new technology. B．To inspire readers to explore the future of a new technology. C．To promote the application of a new technology. D．To stress the convenience of a new technology. 4．What might be the best title of the text? A．The worries over VPAs. B．Listening to“a real person”. C．The world of technology. D．Talking to technology. Passage 2 （24-25高二上·贵州毕节·期末）Despite their threatened situation, the fact that hippos (河马) are active during the night and aggressive has made it very difficult for scientists to actually study them. To solve this problem, scientists had to get creative. They found that using low-cost drones (无人机) to observe the hippos not only made studying them easier but provided more accurate data as well. In the study, published this month in the journal PLOS ONE, scientists explore how using low-cost drones may improve not only the safety of such observations but the quality of data collected as well. The study was conducted in Botswana over a seven-day period and used a DJI Phantom 4 drone to catch aerial footage (空中镜头) of the hippos. While the sample size of this experiment was fairly small, the researchers are enthusiastic about the possibilities of such an approach in the future and hope it can be used for further hippo protection and research. Drone data could be routinely collected in different river systems, providing a guide to the numbers in hippo habitats, seasonal changes and the ability for the scientists to track the long-term situation of hippo populations. The study shows that small, commercially available drones are a simple, affordable and effective method for wildlife protection organizations to monitor threatened species. 5．What does the underlined word “it” refer to? A．the threatened situation. B．the fact. C．to actually study hippos. D．to get active. 6．What’s the main purpose of the article? A．To show the threatened situation of hippos. B．To introduce a way of studying hippos. C．To advertise a type of drones. D．To describe features of hippos. 7．What do we know about drones in the text? A．They are expensive. B．They are dangerous. C．They can make the research easier and safer. D．They can be found in the journal PLOS ONE. 8．What can we learn from the last paragraph? A．Drones make it difficult to monitor hippos. B．Drones conduct research better than scientists. C．People can never track the situation of hippos. D．The drone data is effective for wildlife protection. Passage 3 （24-25高二上·广东广州·期末）A major scientific achievement has been recognized with the 2024 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. This award was given to a team using machine learning to solve a big problem in biology: predicting and designing the 3D shapes of proteins. Most of this work was done at a tech company, marking a notable shift that high-level scientific research can also originate outside traditional academic settings. Proteins are crucial for our bodies and are involved in almost every biological process. The shape of a protein determines its function. If a protein is shaped incorrectly, it can cause serious diseases like Alzheimer’s and diabetes. Historically, predicting a protein’s shape from its amino acid sequence (序列) was very difficult and puzzled scientists for decades. The breakthrough happened with A-Fold, a machine learning program that can accurately predict protein structures from their amino acid sequences. This tool has changed the field, providing insights into the structure of over 200 million proteins so far. This data is expected to speed up progress in medicine and drug development, opening new ways to treat diseases. The tech company’s success with A-Fold also underscores the growing impact of artificial intelligence in various scientific domains, showing that Al can tackle complex biological problems and contribute to critical advancements in health and medicine. The Nobel Prize committee awarded this work to highlight the value of combining different areas in science, where technology and biology meet to create amazing results. This achievement not only shows what AI can do but also sets an example for future scientific projects that combine technology with traditional research to address global problems. 9．Why was the team awarded the 2024 Nobel Prize in Chemistry? A．They discovered a cure for Alzheimer’s and diabetes. B．They analyzed the functions of essential body elements. C．They worked out protein structures with a machine learning program. D．They created a new way to treat diseases through traditional research. 10．Why is the shape of a protein critical to its function? A．It leads to the development of the diseases. B．It offers insights into the structure of protein. C．It speeds up the progress of medicine and drug. D．It affects the protein’s role in biological processes. 11．What does the underlined word “underscore” in paragraph 4 mean? A．Minimize. B．Highlight. C．Question. D．Overlook. 12．What possibility does the author imply about the future of scientific research? A．A new focus on solving biological problems. B．An amazing change in academic research settings. C．An increase in joint efforts between different fields. D．A lessened dependence on machine learning techniques. Passage 4 （24-25高二上·广东珠海·期末）Smart watches have exploded in popularity in recent years and companies have been marketing these devices less as luxury products and more as essential medical devices necessities for anyone concerned about health. But do smart watches, which constantly monitor our vital signs, really lead us to better health? One recent study found that people trying to lose weight who used wearable technology to help actually lost less weight than those watch-free people. I also worry that smart watches can disturb our ability to know our own bodies. “It’s an extension of our digital culture.” said coach Brad Stulberg. “Our culture promotes the limiting belief that measurable achievement is the dominant arbiter (仲裁者) of success, and these devices play right into that,” he told me. “It’s like you’re trying to win at a game instead of living your life. Instead of learning what your body feels like, you have a number.” What he said was true of me. Sometimes I would wake up in the morning and check my smart watch to see how I slept-instead of just taking a moment to notice that I was still tired. I started to feel that my health wasn’t grounded in my own body anymore, or even in my mind. I didn’t know how my workout had gone until I opened the watch. I had been using the numbers it offered as a shortcut to feeling good enough in general. Of course these watches can be useful: for health data, reminding you to move more. But if you’re thinking of a break from the numbers, I propose a challenge for the year ahead: try getting your feedback from your body instead of a device. That’s what I did. At some point in the pandemic (疫病), I took off my watch. It left a white line on my wrist where it had spent years blocking the sun. Then I lost it and never bothered to find it. 13．What do companies prefer to advertise their smart watches as? A．Must-have items. B．High-end products. C．Life-saving devices. D．Cutting-edge monitors. 14．What does Brad Stulberg probably think of smart watches? A．They can monitor our vital signs. B．They disconnect us from our bodies. C．They represent the great digital culture. D．They can measure the success of a workout. 15．Why didn’t the author look for his smart watch? A．Because he didn’t feel himself. B．Because the pandemic stopped him. C．Because he wanted less reliance on it. D．Because there was no hope of finding it. 16．What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A．To advertise wearable smart watches. B．To report the findings of a recent study C．To suggest a break from smart devices. D．To discuss limitations of digital culture. Passage 5 Forgot your password or your ID? Well facial recognition (FR) technology can help. Using just their faces, people can unlock their smartphones, make payments and take the subway. FR technology has also been used to catch criminals. However, as the use of FR applications has become more widespread, the technology has caused controversy over privacy and financial security risks. A survey said that almost 65 percent of surveyed people think that FR technology is being misused. Even worse, more than 30 percent said they actually experienced financial loss as well as privacy violation due to facial information leaks and misuse. According to “Xinhua”, many application do have loopholes (漏洞) that could lead to leaks in personal and facial information data. Loopholes aren’t the only worry, though. On some online trading platforms, only 2 yuan is charged for thousands of photos of people’s face, but such trade is neither authorized nor legal. In August, two suspects were arrested in Hangzhou, Zhejiang province, for stealing and reselling personal information. This has raised concerns about the security of personal bio-information. “Physical characteristics, including facial features and fingerprints, are some of the most important identifiers for individuals. Unlike our ID which can be changed, our bio-information stays permanent for life,” Zhang Xin, a professor at the University of international Business and Economics, told CGTN. Therefore, there should be a legal framework that manages the collection, use, storage and transmission of bio-information, according to Zhang. Though China does not have specific rules relating to FR technology, the China Cyber Security Law, which came into effect in 2017, states that personal information can only be collected when individuals are informed and agree to the aims and scope (范围) of the collection. The Civil Code, which was adopted this year, also states that individuals’ permission is required before the collection and processing of personal information. And users have the right to ask to withdraw their personal information, according to Zhu Wei, assistant director of the Communication Law Research Center at the China University of Political Science and Law. Tech companies have been improving their FR algorithm (算法) and the ways in which they collect data. They are now handling security risks with more advanced technology, like federated learning that can train the algorithm without directly accessing the data the company collects. This reduces the possibility of leaks. 17．Why does the author raise a question at the beginning of the passage? A．To state FR technology’s benefits. B．To raise concerns about FR technology. C．To discuss the misuse of FR technology D．To warn people of FR technology’s risk. 18．What is the reason for personal information leaks? A．People’s lack of privacy awareness. B．The misuse of FR technology. C．Imperfection of many apps. D．Illegal offline trading of personal information. 19．What’s the feature of our bio-information? A．Easily available. B．Changeless forever. C．Changing with time. D．Under the protection. 20．What can be inferred from paragraph 4? A．China has complete laws on FR technology. B．The adoption of laws on FR technology is to protect human rights. C．It’s illegal for users to upload and withdraw their personal information. D．Some people have rights to get personal information without permission. Passage 6 （24-25高二上·江苏扬州·期末）In the United States, hurricanes and tornadoes get names. When it comes to extreme weather, those storms tend to get an important share of people’s attention. However, hailstorms fly under the radar. Hail (冰雹) not only impacts homes and vehicles, but agriculture, costing the United States $46 billion in 2023. U.S. hail scientists are disappointed that their last major research campaign took place in the late 1970s, over 50 years ago. “It’s just this big hole,” says Adams-Selin, a hail scientist at Atmospheric and Environmental Research. As a result, a project called ICECHIP is set to change that. Some 100 researchers from four countries and 11 states are planning fieldwork in May and June of 2025 in the U.S. Central Plains states, which will be the largest ever international campaign for studying hail. Led by Adams-Selin, ICECHIP researchers hope to gather data that could improve hailstorm prediction. The campaign will rely on new technologies to perform experiments, such as high-speed videography and mobile radar. Researchers will also use balloons to deliver 3D-printed sensors (传感器) into storms to copy the movement of hailstones. A group of 24 ground-based sensors will measure the energy of falling hailstones every 500th of a second, and 3D laser scanners will record collected hailstones’ shapes. Back in the lab, ICECHIP researchers will analyze hailstones’ ice layers to determine the temperature and altitude (海拔) at which they formed — and, in turn, the paths they took through storms. ICECHIP will bring hail research “into the 21st century,” says Adams-Selin. But some technologies from the 1970s will remain, such as hail foam pads (泡沫垫) to catch hailstones and provide outlines of their sizes and shapes. “One day weather agencies will be able to provide hail warnings just as they do for other severe weather events and predict hailstorms at a low cost.” he says. 21．What does the underlined phrase “fly under the radar” in paragraph 1 mean? A．Move on secretly. B．Speed up violently. C．Escape people’s notice. D．Draw people’s attention. 22．Why is the project ICECHIP launched? A．To reduce effects on human lives. B．To fill the relevant research gap. C．To predict severe weather events. D．To make up for economic losses. 23．What is paragraph 4 mainly about? A．The main functions of the sensors. B．The potential results of the analysis. C．The theoretical basis of the campaign. D．The experimental methods of the research. 24．What is the best title of this passage? A．Hailstorms: a disaster bringing great losses to people’s life B．The United States: a country frequently hit by extreme weather C．ICECHIP: a project helping improve predictions of hailstorms D．Adams-Selin: a scientist devoted to doing research on hailstorms Passage 7 （24-25高二上·湖北·期末）Germany is at the forefront of a green energy revolution with the rise of balcony solar panels. These lightweight, plug-and-play panels are not only affordable but also easy to install, allowing everyday citizens to generate their own electricity. In Germany, individual panels can be bought for as low as 200 euros, and complete sets are about twice that cost. New laws prevent landlords from blocking solar panel installations (安装) and simplify registration requirements, making personal solar systems more attractive. There is a growing diversity of users, including older people and adult women, and many are young families concerned about climate change. Most of the solar panels are produced in China, which has dominated the global industry and reduced costs. Waltraud Borg, a Berlin rétiree, was delighted to install several on her balcony after discovering them at a sustainability trade fair. “It’s thrilling to be more independent,” she said. Each panel produces enough power for a laptop or a small fridge, and over 500,000 systems have been set up across Germany. The boom in solar panel use is partly due to new laws that have eased installation regulations. As part of its push to move away from dependence on Russian natural gas, the European Union is looking to quadruple (变成四倍) the amount of power generated through photovoltaic (光伏) sources by 2030, to 600 gigawatts (吉瓦). Germany aims to reach a third of that amount by the same year. In the first half of this year, Germany added 90 gigawatts of photovoltaic capacity, according to Rystad Energy. The so-called plug-in systems convert the direct current from the panels to alternating current for home use. Janik Nolden, founder of Solago, a German start-up, noted that most customers prefer to install the panels themselves. His company has grown rapidly, shipping products across Germany and into Austria. Plug-in solar panels are also gaining popularity in other European countries, with pricés dropping steadily. Small-scale batteries have been introduced, allowing users to store electricity for later use. Apps let users monitor their energy production, which has become a popular pastime, sparking friendly competition among neighbors. Thomas Losch, initially skeptical, became fascinated with solar power after seeing a neighbor’s setup. He now checks his app every morning to see how much energy is being generated. “I am completely hooked,” he said. “It’s a good feeling to do my bit for the environment.” 25．What advantages do balcony solar panels have based on the passage? A．They are primarily intended for use by the young. B．They have fully replaced traditional power systems. C．They are cost-effective and applied in every aspect of life. D．They can cut emissions, save on bills, and gain policy support. 26．What will be Germany’s achievement in photovoltaic capacity by 2030? A．90 gigawatts. B．150 gigawatts. C．200 gigawatts. D．600 gigawatts. 27．How do small-scale batteries boost the use of balcony solar panels? A．Enable energy storage for future use. B．Perfect competition atmosphere. C．Monitor batteries’ charging process. D．Decrease solar panel efficiency. 28．Which of the following titles is the most suitablefor the passage? A．EU's 2030 Solar Power Goals B．Small-scale batteries Dominate Market C．Balcony Solar Panels: A German Revolution D．Solar Energy: Economic and Environmental Impact Passage 8 （24-25高二上·江苏常州·期末）Scientists have made a significant breakthrough in the field of genetic editing with the discovery of a new CRISPR system, named CRISPR-CasX. This new system offers potential advantages over the existing CRISPR-Cas9 technology, making it more precise and efficient in editing genes. The research was conducted by a team of scientists from leading institutions around the world. CRISPR-Cas9 has revolutionized the field of gene editing since its discovery in 2012, allowing scientists to make precise changes to the DNA of living organisms. However, it has some limitations, such as the potential for off-target effects and the need for complex delivery systems. CRISPR-CasX, on the other hand, offers a more streamlined approach. Unlike CRISPR-Cas9, which requires a separate enzyme (酶) to cut the DNA, CRISPR-CasX uses a single protein that both fixes to the target DNA and makes the necessary cuts. This makes it more efficient and reduces the risk of off-target effects. The researchers tested CRISPR-CasX in a variety of cell types, including human cells, and found that it was able to edit genes with high precision and efficiency. They also demonstrated that CRISPR-CasX could be used to correct mutations (突变) in genes associated with genetic diseases, such as cystic fibrosis and Huntington’s disease. One of the most exciting potential applications of CRISPR-CasX is in the field of gene therapy. By using this new system, scientists could potentially develop new treatments for a wide range of genetic diseases, including those that are currently incurable. Additionally, CRISPR-CasX could be used to enhance the effectiveness of existing gene therapies by reducing the risk of off-target effects and improving the delivery of gene-editing tools. The discovery of CRISPR-CasX is a major step forward in the field of genetic editing and holds great promise for the future of gene therapy. However, as with any new technology, there are still many challenges to overcome before it can be used safely and effectively in humans. The researchers hope that their findings will inspire further research and development in this exciting new area of biology. 29．What does the underlined word “revolutionized” in paragraph 2 most probably mean? A．Analysed. B．Transformed. C．Threatened. D．Examined. 30．What advantage does the CRISPR-CasX system have over CRISPR-Cas9? A．It can be used to edit more genes at once. B．It can be used to treat patients with genetic diseases. C．It requires no cuts when editing genes. D．It doesn’t need a separate enzyme to cut the DNA． 31．Which of the following is mentioned as a potential application of CRISPR-CasX? A．Blocking the delivery of gene-editing tools. B．Replacing the current gene therapies. C．Treating currently incurable genetic diseases. D．Increasing off-target effects in gene therapy. 32．What is the last paragraph mainly about? A．The future of genetic editing. B．The disadvantage of CRISPR-CasX. C．The challenges CRISPR-CasX has brought. D．The impact of the discovery of CRISPR-CasX. Passage 9 Imagine a future where the streets are crowded with vehicles, but strangely quiet as no one is behind the wheel. Drivers are relaxed in the backseats, reading, working, or even sleeping while their autonomous cars move smoothly through both cities and the countryside. In this near future, self-driving cars which rely on advanced sensors, cameras, and artificial intelligence, enabling vehicles to navigate roads without human intervention, are expected to bring significant changes to road traffic. One of the main advantages of self-driving cars is improved safety. Human error is a major cause of road accidents, but self-driving cars can remove this factor by reacting more quickly and accurately in emergency situations, reducing the number of crashes and saving lives. Self-driving cars can also improve traffic flow and reduce congestion(阻塞). They can communicate with each other, refining their routes and movements based on real-time traffic data. This leads to smoother travels, fewer delays, and better employment of road resources. Moreover, self-driving technology has the potential to provide greater flexibility for people who are unable to drive due to age, disability, or other reasons, expanding their access to work, social activities, and essential services. However, the widespread adoption of self-driving cars also faces several challenges. One key issue is responsibility. Determining who is responsible in the event of an accident involving a self-driving car, whether it’s the manufacturer, the software developer, or the owner, is a complex legal question that needs to be resolved. There are also concerns about job displacement, as many professions related to driving may be affected by the rise of self-driving vehicles. Additionally, cyber security and data privacy are crucial considerations, as self-driving cars collect and send large amounts of data. In conclusion, while the future of self-driving holds great promise for transforming road traffic and improving our lives, it also requires careful consideration of the associated challenges to ensure its safe and responsible integration into society. 33．What’s the main idea of paragraph 1? A．The busy street scenes in the future. B．The development of AI in various industries. C．The future of road traffic with autonomous cars. D．The advanced sensors and cameras used in future vehicles. 34．How do self-driving cars improve traffic flow? A．By using AI to navigate the roads. B．By sending signals during operation. C．By exchanging real-time traffic data. D．By reacting quickly in emergency situations. 35．What’s the main concern of the adoption of self-driving cars? A．Who is to blame for an accident. B．Network security issues. C．Individual privacy leakage. D．The rising unemployment rate. 36．What’s the author’s attitude towards self- driving cars? A．Critical. B．Cautious. C．Unfavorable. D．Indifferent. Passage 10 Imagine this: You pick up your phone for a video call with a friend. You can also smell the cookies they just baked. It sounds like a joke, but could it actually happen? Smells are created by tiny molecules (分子) that float through the air and reach your nose. Your nose then sends signals to your brain, which identifies the smell. So, could your phone send these smell molecules to you? Scientists are developing digital smell technology that uses a small number of different cartridges (暗盒), each containing a specific smell. Just like how pixels (像素) mix three colors to create images, these cartridges could mix to create different smells. Smells produced by a future phone could be created using digital codes. Each smell could have a specific recipe made up of different amounts of the ingredients in the cartridges. When you receive a digital smell code, your phone could mix tiny amounts of the different smells from the cartridges to create the desired smell. This mix would then be released through a small vent (出口) on the phone, allowing you to smell it. Creating a phone that can produce smells involves several challenges. One is designing a system producing thousands of different smells using only a few cartridges. Another is how to control how strong a smell should be and how long a phone should emit it. And phones will also need to sense smells near them and convert (转变) those to digital codes. The cartridges should also be easy to refill and safe to breathe. These problems make it a tricky but exciting area of research. Scientists are working hard to make smell phones a reality. Maybe one day you’ll be able to not only see and hear your friend’s birthday party over the phone but also smell the candles they blew out! 37．Why does the writer mention “pixels” in the passage? A．To explain how cartridges work clearly. B．To distinguish the cartridges from pixels. C．To make a contrast between images and smells. D．To promote the new digital smell technology. 38．What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A．The application of the smell-phone technology. B．The functions of smell codes produced by a phone. C．The difference between cartridges and digital codes. D．The principles of producing smells by future phones. 39．How many challenges are mentioned in para. 4? A．2. B．3. C．4. D．5. 40．What’s the author’s attitude to the possibility of smell phones? A．Indifferent. B．Dismissive. C．Unclear. D．Optimistic. Passage 11 （24-25高二上·湖南长沙·期末）Each Olympic Games features athletes pushing the boundaries of human limits, but the Paris Olympics are particularly notable in this regard. At the Paris Olympics, records were broken through group improvement rather than individual breakthroughs. In the men’s 10,000 meters, 13 athletes broke the record, with Joshua Cheptegei winning in 26:43.14. The women’s 400 meters final saw all nine athletes finish under 50 seconds. The amazing purple track may account for that. The purple runway of the Paris Olympics is inspired by lavender fields in Provence, southern France. This color not only symbolizes the romance and elegance of France, but also shows the natural scenery and cultural heritage of France. The design concept and purpose of the purple runway is to bring a sense of freshness and a unique viewing experience through non-traditional color selection. Alain Blondel, the head of athletics for the Paris Olympics, noted that this design not only creates a strong visual contrast between the track and the spectators during television broadcasts, highlighting the athletes, but also helps athletes perform better. Purple is considered a cool color, which can create a sense of calm and stability. Unlike blue, another cool color, purple also includes elements of red, a warm color that adds a sense of energy and expansion. This combination of red’s warmth and blue’s coolness gives purple a balanced effect — it calms without being too soft, helping to maintain a steady yet motivated emotional state. This runway is not only eye-catching for its unique color, but also hides the secrets of high technology. The runway is made of high-tech materials developed by Mondo, which have excellent durability and elasticity, and can provide the best competitive condition. Kipchoge, the marathon world record holder, praised the impact and resilience of the runway. Track and field legend Carl Lewis also conducted a comprehensive test of the runway. He believed that the runway can maintain stable performance in all climate conditions and that athletes all over the world would love this track full of creativity and technology. 41．How does the author prove his point in the first paragraph? A．By making comparisons. B．By analyzing causes. C．By presenting opinions. D．By giving examples. 42．What contributes to the excellent performance of the Paris Olympians? A．The unconventional color of the runway. B．The beautiful scenery of France. C．The romantic atmosphere in Paris. D．The motivation of Olympic spirit. 43．What advantage does purple have according to the passage? A．Creating a sense of calm and stability like blue. B．Helping athletes to develop a balanced personality. C．Having a stronger sense of energy in comparison with red. D．Contributing to keeping a stable yet encouraged state. 44．What is the last paragraph mainly about? A．The technological virtue of the purple track. B．The outstanding performance of great athletes. C．The promising future of the purple runway. D．The overall quality tests on the new runway. Passage 12 Building with 3D printing technology is sparking widespread interest in the construction industry. Besides reducing waste and our impact on the environment, it can speed up construction from weeks, or months, to days. Projects that use simple raw materials like soil, straw, and even salt, can be built in a fraction of the time and cost of traditional construction. Walls are built up layer by layer using an industrial 3D building printer. Construction waste is reduced as little as possible and, because the printers are mobile, they can be set up quickly where they are needed. Home design can be customized easily, giving architects more creative freedom. Companies use recycled products and eco-friendly cement to reduce carbon dioxide emissions and make building more sustainable. By using a range of simple, readily available or even waste materials like plastic in the mix, it then reduces the chance of materials being unavailable or too costly. Most construction uses conventional methods, but 3D printing is growing steadily. Community building takes on new meaning with the creation of a neighborhood of 10 3D printed homes in Tabasco, Mexico, aimed at tackling global homelessness. Families in the area live on less than $3 a day and New Story says its aim is to provide shelter for the more than one billion people without homes around the world. African island state Madagascar is hosting one of the world’s most forward-thinking school building projects. Non-profit Thinking Huts is using 3D printing technology to provide schools where children have little or no access to education. Schools are built using local materials and low carbon concrete in under a week. Beehive-inspired designs allow buildings to be easily expanded, and each school will include gardens built into the walls and solar panels on the roof for power. 45．What can replace the underlined word “fraction” in paragraph 1? A．Small part. B．New piece. C．Large amount. D．Complete waste. 46．What does the author think of 3D printed buildings compared with traditional ones? A．More classical. B．More complex. C．More expensive. D．More eco-friendly. 47．What is the purpose of the examples in the last two paragraphs? A．To show 3D printing is growing steadily. B．To show how to use 3D printing technology. C．To introduce where 3D printed buildings lie. D．To introduce more advantages of 3D printing. 48．Where can we read this text most likely? A．In a culture and art newspaper. B．On an athletic sports program. C．On a scientific research website. D．In a trade and marketing magazine. Passage 13 A new simulation (模拟) technology developed by the University of Bristol enables effective remote control of lunar robots for moon dust collection, and potentially reducing the cost and complexity of lunar missions. Teleoperated robots for collecting moon dust are one step closer to reality, thanks to this new research. Alongside a boom in lunar lander missions this decade, several organizations are now researching how best to extract valuable resources, such as oxygen and water, from readily available materials such as lunar regolith (风化层). Remote handling of regolith will be an essential step in these activities, as it would first need to be collected from the Moon’s surface. Traditional methods for collecting and analyzing lunar samples often require human intervention or complex robotic systems, which can be affected by communication delays. This new approach uses a simulation to control physical robots, improving the efficiency and effectiveness of remote operations on the Moon and revolutionizing how lunar resources are collected and managed. Using a virtual model of regolith can also reduce the barriers to entry for people looking to develop lunar robots. Instead of needing to invest in expensive simulants (模拟物), or have access to facilities, people developing lunar robots could use this simulation to carry out initial tests on their systems. Future work should focus on improving the simulation and overcoming non-technical barriers, like whether human operators trust that the system will work. Overall, the ongoing development of this technology will be critical to the success of upcoming lunar missions and the broader goal of establishing a sustained human presence on the Moon. 49．Why does the author mention traditional methods in the third paragraph? A．To provide some examples. B．To introduce the new system. C．To analyze the difficulties they met. D．To highlight the advantages of the new technology. 50．What challenge might human operators need to address? A．Developing lunar robots. B．Collecting materials. C．Trusting the system. D．Investing in expensive facilities. 51．What is the future of this new simulation technology? A．Limited. B．Promising. C．Uncertain. D．Challenging. 52．What is the main idea of the passage? A．An innovative lunar robot is developed by scientists. B．Cutting-edge technology enables effective remote control of robots. C．Astronauts successfully extract lunar regolith in lunar lander missions. D．A groundbreaking simulation technology brings us closer to lunar research. Passage 14 （24-25高二上·广西玉林·阶段练习）Extremely authentic-looking prosthetic (假体的) eyes can now be 3D-printed in a small part of the time it would normally take to produce the eyes by hand, scientists demonstrate in a new study. The new technology can create a prosthetic eye in just 90 minutes, compared with the eight hours it would normally take a skilled technician, or ocularist (假眼制造商), to produce one by hand. The 3D-printed eyes require five times less labor to make than traditional methods, the scientists behind the technology wrote in a new paper published in the journal Nature Communications. The 3D-printed eyes also look more natural than traditional prostheses; this could help improve a patient’s self-confidence in using the devices. “Patients are very conscious about wearing a prosthesis, and they don’t want others to notice,” Johann Reinhard, lead study author and a researcher at the Fraunhofer Institute for Computer Graphics Research in Germany, told us. “With these more realistic eyes, it might help them to participate more in society,” he said. The new printing approach involves taking a specialized image of a patient’s empty eye socket and of their healthy eye. These images are then processed and used to draft blueprints that can be sent to be 3D-printed in the lab. These 3D-printed eyes closely copy the color, size and structure of the patient’s healthy eye and are particularly good at capturing the colored part of the eye, known as the iris (虹膜), and the white part of the eye, called the sclera (巩膜). Once finished, the eyes take 15to30 minutes to be installed (安装) by an ocularist, Reinhard said. “About 80% of adults in need of prosthetic eyes could theoretically have one made this way, either due to a birth defect that causes an eye to be small or missing or because they’ve lost an eye,” the team said. “However, this wouldn’t be possible for all patients, such as those who have a very complex eye socket, as the software wouldn’t be able to find a matching shape for the prosthetic eye,” Reinhard said. “More data are needed to see if this technique could also be used to make prosthetic eyes for children, which would require more regulation,” Reinhard said. 53．Which of the following words can be best used to describe the 3D-printed eyes? A．Eco-friendly. B．Realistic-looking. C．Fit-of-all. D．Time-consuming. 54．How does the author develop his idea mainly in Paragraph 2? A．By identifying a purpose. B．By giving examples. C．By making a comparison. D．By providing evidence. 55．Which statement is true about a 3D-printed eye? A．The patients prefer to show off their prosthetic eyes. B．The installment of one is5times faster than a traditional prosthetic eye. C．It normally takes a skilled technician, or ocularist, to produce one. D．Every adult in need of a prosthetic eye can’t possibly have one. 56．Which of the following would be the best title for the text? A．Prosthetic Eves - the Hope for all Blind People B．3D-printed Eyes - a Source of Confidence C．3D Printing - a Promising Technology D．3D printed Eyes - a Better Choice Passage 15 Fear of technological progress is as old as technology itself, especially when it comes to its effect on employment. That is exactly what we are now seeing with automation, which is being described as a threat to the well-being of human beings. It cannot be denied that innovation including automation, disrupts existing industries and in turn the lives of individuals, families and communities. There is a long list of professions that no longer exist because of innovation, including elevator operators, telephone operators, and the list goes on. History, however, shows that we have more reasons for optimism than for fear. First, new technologies often lower costs while improving our overall quality of life. For example, robotic process automation (RPA) software is helping reduce administrative burdens by mimicking human actions and performing repetitive tasks, such as recording data. This automation is most needed in the U. S. health care industry, where the excessive amount of time spent on administrative tasks is causing physician burnout and higher fees. Second, new technologies often create jobs. The greater demand for new products increases demand for workers with the skills to develop, refine and use those goods. It’s true that the rise of new products and industries make older ones obsolete, but the same advancements that eliminated typists and human calculators also gave millions the chance to be developers, programmers, database administrators and broadband engineers. As stated by economist Alex Tabarrok, if technology didn’t create any jobs, “we would all be out of work because productivity has been increasing for two centuries”. And despite the alarmists, disruption doesn’t necessarily translate into social turmoil. Studies show that there is usually a significant lag time between the development and adoption of a given technology — sometimes up to four decades — giving workers time to adjust, gain new proficiencies and find jobs in new industries. Meanwhile, families and communities with higher standards of living thanks to technology are able to help those transitioning in a much more personal and dignifying way than a government-based approach. We should not fall into the trap of looking at a new innovation with the glass half-empty, envisioning a worst case scenario and failing to account for its net benefits. While automation and innovation can be difficult emotionally and affect people’s livelihoods, top-down policies, such as universal basic incomes or technology bans, suppress the freedom that innovation and human creativity need to flourish. Before we give in to mass hysteria or institute government-led “solutions”, let’s remember the myriad ways that innovation has removed barriers. 57．What causes the doctors to be exhausted in America according the passage? A．Doctors have to take care of too many patients in America. B．Doctors spend too much time on non-professional tasks. C．Doctors have to work harder to earn more and live a better life. D．Doctors have to work long time to compete with new technologies. 58．What does the writer suggest we should do to face the coming automation? A．Wait for the assistance from the government. B．Lower our expectation of the new technology. C．Learn some new skills to work as a programmer. D．Adjust ourselves to be familiar with new industries. 59．Which of the following doesn’t account for our optimistic attitude towards automation? A．Automation can save people a lot of money. B．Automation offers people new job opportunities. C．Automation brings improvement to people life. D．Automation will make old-fashioned jobs disappear. 60．What can we conclude from the passage? A．People used to embrace new technology with their open arms. B．New technology will definitely lead to some social disturbance. C．We should see the whole picture concerning new technology. D．The government is to blame for the problems brought by new technology. Ⅱ阅读理解七选五 Passage 1 （24-25高二上·湖南长沙·期末）While the tech industry is always advertising the next hot device, the reality is that you already own a lot of amazing tools. And you can certainly do much more with all the devices you already own. 1 2 Smiling faces aren’t just for text messages on your phone. You can use emojis (表情包) in many programs. On a Windows PC, press the Windows key and the period key at the same time. On a Mac, press command, control and the space bar at the same time to reveal the emojis. Get your smart speaker talking. If you have a smart speaker such as Apple HomePod or Google Nest, you’re probably asking Siri or Google Assistant to set timers, play music, switch lights on and off. 3 You can use them as a convenient translation device. With a Google speaker, say “Hey Google, interpret French”. Then just speak to hear your words translated. Apple HomePod, also known as Siri, will translate what you say from English. Watch videos on a big screen. 4 In the YouTube app, for example, if you tap on any actively playing video, you’ll see a WiFi symbol in its corner. That’s the button, and tapping it will let you play whatever video you’re watching on any matched TV or display around you. Tell your TV what to do. Many modern smart TVs and streaming devices have remotes with built-in microphones. Just hold down the microphone button and say what you want to watch, launch streaming channels and more. 5 A．And these speakers are useless. B．Find emojis on your computer. C．But these speakers are a lot smarter than that. D．Emojis are able to be typed in your computer. E．Here’s how to use them to live a better life today! F．You may also be able to press and hold the microphone button and speak to type with your voice. G．On smart TVs, projecting content from a phone app to a bigger screen is so easy. Passage 2 （24-25高二上·福建龙岩·阶段练习）Machine learning is a way of teaching computers to do tasks. 6 But with machine learning, computers pick up new skills on their own. This makes machine learning a powerful form of artificial intelligence, or AI. AI is the ability of a machine to think or learn like a person. AI systems power many kinds of machines — from smartphones to robots. 7 The most common is supervised learning (监督式学习). In this method, a computer is fed lots of labeled training data. For instance, it may look at many photos of dogs. Each photo might be labeled with the dog’s breed (品种). 8 Then, the computer can pick out dog breeds in new, unlabeled photos. The more data the computer studies, the better it gets at its task. Another important kind of machine learning is reinforcement learning (强化学习). Using this type of learning is sort of like training your dog to do a trick (把戏). The computer learns to achieve some goal by interacting with its environment. When the computer makes a choice that brings it closer to its goal, it gets a virtual reward. 9 This type of machine learning has helped computers master difficult games like Go. It has also been used to teach self-driving cars how to get around. Machine learning has helped create technology all around us. 10 When your streaming services recommend new shows you might like, that’s machine learning at work. Machine learning systems even help diagnose (诊断) diseases. In many ways, the problem-solving power of machine learning is reshaping the world. A．There are a few types of machine learning. B．Sometimes, the computer will break down. C．It powers language translators and search engines. D．However, machine learning is a threat to our personal information. E．Through trial and error, the computer learns to make better choices. F．By studying those photos, the computer learns what each breed looks like. G．In the past, to do anything computers relied on step-by-step instructions written by a person. Passage 3 （24-25高二上·山东枣庄·阶段练习）Back in primary school, under the guidance of our librarian, reading index (索引) cards was how my classmates and I located the books we wanted and entered the world of ideas. It was amazing. 11 The same librarian explained that book-locating information was also available on a website. We could select books without even leaving our chairs. 12 The librarian was not confident that the new technology would last . So, as kids, we kept one foot planted in each world, learning the digital landscape while also physically exploring libraries. Throughout educational history, new tools have been accepted, rejected, or ignored. Digital card catalogues (目录) are an example of tools that facilitate learning, leading many schools to adopt a generally friendly attitude toward new technologies. 13 Some can negatively affect our learning, the most recent example being ChatGPT. ChatGPT is an AI chatbot that can respond to the questions one asks, drawing on stores of information and its interactions with other users. Where ChatGPT impacts education is in completing tasks assigned to students. Students can quit thinking — allowing ChatGPT to digest difficult readings on their behalf. 14 But learning to write is learning to think. Thinking is something we need to grow and progress as human beings. 15 ChatGPT and related technologies destroy this important task. I recommend that students resist employing them in the context of reading and writing if they wish to be transformed by their learning. A．Education is meant to shape a person. B．But not all of them are equally constructive. C．Certainly, AI can efficiently handle these tasks for them. D．They can also ask it to construct essays assigned by professors. E．However, this whole process seemed disappointing the very next day. F．In those days, we were living between the digital and pre-digital worlds. G．If allowed unlimited access to AI-based tools, no one would bother to think. Passage 4 （24-25高二上·福建福州·阶段练习） Pathways to Scientific BreakthroughsThe Genesis of Novel Ideas Scientific discoveries often sprout from the most unexpected seeds. A spark of curiosity can set off a chain reaction. 16 . When Archimedes noticed water spilling over as he got into the bath, that simple observation led to his famous “Eureka!” moment about displacement. Such everyday encounters, when observed with a scientific eye, can birth revolutionary concepts. Collaboration: A Winning Formula In the complex web of modern science, collaboration has become non-negotiable. 17 . Researchers from diverse fields, like biologists and computer scientists working on bioinformatics projects, pool their expertise. The biologists bring knowledge of living organisms, while computer scientists offer advanced data analysis tools. Together, they crack problems that would stump an individual researcher.Weathering the Storm of Setbacks The journey to a scientific discovery is riddled with obstacles. Experiments fail, hypotheses crumble. 18 . But it’s precisely these setbacks that separate the greats from the rest. Einstein faced numerous rejections before his theories gained acceptance. Instead of quitting, he refined his work, using failures as stepping stones to success. 19 Staying informed about the latest scientific trends is as vital as the discovery process itself. New research papers, emerging technologies, and global conferences are treasure troves of knowledge. Scientists who keep their ears to the ground can borrow ideas, adapt methods, and sometimes stumble upon the missing piece of their research puzzle.The Road Ahead To wrap it up, achieving remarkable scientific feats requires a blend of qualities. 20 . Nurturing these in budding scientists will ensure a future filled with even more awe-inspiring discoveries. A．So, what qualities should future scientists focus on? B．They bounce ideas off each other, forging new solutions. C．How can scientists make the best use of collaborations? D．Keeping Abreast of Scientific Advancements E．It’s these chance observations that lead to breakthroughs. F．What drives scientists to persevere through failures? G．But they don’t let these setbacks derail them. Passage 5 （24-25高二上·广东广州·期中）What technologies will be in the classroom of the futureCloud technology Thanks to the cloud, homework, educational resources and other learning materials can be accessed from any device with an Internet connection. 21 , and they also will not have to worry about carrying heavy textbooks and other educational materials around with them.Virtual reality Virtual reality (VR) technology can be used to create unique learning experiences that inspire a student’s imagination and creativity. 22 but there are cost-efficient options such as Google Cardboard that can offer educators an affordable way to introduce this technology in their classrooms.Flexible displays (显示器) OLED-based displays would be much like a regular piece of paper. They would be extremely thin and flexible. 23 This technology could make traditional paper products extinct. It could have a huge impact on productivity and on the environmental integrity (环境完整性) of our planet. 24 We’ve already seen classrooms transition away from the traditional whiteboard to interactive (互动的) smart boards. What about smart desks? This technology would allow students to team up on projects and tasks with students all over the country and the world. 25 , there are currently no available smart desk devices on the market designed for education. A．Smart desks B．Gaming in class C．VR headsets can be costly D．While the technology exists to make this a reality E．Cloud technology breaks the limits students used to face F．The benefits of this technology go beyond the classroom G．Students may no longer claim that their dog ate their homework、 ( 24 / 25 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$