选择性必修第二册 课时冲关20 Unit 4 Living with technology（教用版）-【创新教程】2027年高考英语总复习大一轮课时作业（译林版）

基础必备选择性必修第二册 课时冲关20Unit4 Living with technology 学生课时P335 I.阅读理解 主题语境：人与社会 体裁：说明文话题：摄影术对视觉文化和艺术创作的影响 In 1835,William Talbot finally succeeded in If the history of photography tells us anything, producing a photograph of his country house.He it's that the debate won't be settled quickly, declared that his was the first house ever known straightforwardly,or by the institutions we typi- to have drawn its own picture.The drawing was cally associate with cultural gate keeping. formed "by the action of light upon sensitive pa- 1.Why did Talbot declare that his house had per.”Photography offered nature a“pencil”to drawn its own picture? paint herself through optical(光学的)and chem A.To downplay human factors in the creation. ical means alone. B.To investigate a supernatural phenomenon. By the mid-nineteenth century,people no C.To show his advanced knowledge in sci- longer needed to hire a draftsman to draw de- ence. tailed images because the process could be com- D.To demonstrate the beauty of his country pleted instantly with a camera.Advocates for the house. technology stated that not only was it more pre- 2.What does the underlined word "fallibility" cise than the human hand-it was faster and mean in Paragraph 3? cheaper. A.Expecting a high price. The removal of human fallibility in the crea- B.Detailing the images. ting process was one of photography's biggest C.Being likely to make errors. selling points,but this also started debates about D.Becoming sensitive to light. the new medium's implications for visual culture. 3.What do OpenAI and cameras have in com- Could images made largely by a machine be con- mon? sidered art?If so,where did human creativity fit A.They improve the taste of beauty. in this process? B.They advocate fashion designs. As the twenty-first century becomes increas- C.They challenge human agency. ingly automated,more and more people attempt D.They produce original images. to identify where human agency exists in the 4.What did the author indicate by referring to the technologically driven world.Images generated history of photography? with artificial intelligence by companies like A.Cultural gatekeepers will solve the issue as OpenAI are stimulating questions like those that they did. emerged with the coming of the photograph.By B.AI-generated images will go through a simi- typing a sentence,users can generate "new"ima- lar debate. ges composed from images collected across the C.The nature of originality will be held in hu- Internet.The result has been a flood of AI-gen- man hands. erated images in places that are previously unique D.The fine arts will include photography and to human authors.Painting competitions,com- AI images. mercial graphic design and the fashion of portrai- [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍 ture(肖像)have all since collided(碰撞)with 了摄影术自诞生以来对视觉文化和艺术创作的影 the technology in troubling ways. 响，以及这一影响如何在人工智能生成图像的当 The fine arts were thought to be a final hold- 代背景下重演。 out of human creativity,but the surprisingly l.A[推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Hede high quality of AI-generated images is producing clared that his was the first house...herself deeper questions about the nature of originality. through optical and chemical means alone. ·353 高考总复习英语(YL) 宣称他的房子是已知的第一个自己画房子的房 coming of the photograph.(随着2l世纪自动 子。这幅画是‘光在感光纸上的作用’形成的。 化程度的不断提高，越来越多的人试图在技术 摄影为大自然提供了一支‘铅笔’，仅通过光学 驱动的世界中确定人类能动性的存在位置。 和化学手段为自己作画。)”可知，William Tal- OpenAI等公司利用人工智能生成的图像，正如 bot在强调摄影作为一种新技术，能够通过非人 摄影术出现时一样，引发了诸多问题。)”可知， 为直接操作的方式捕捉图像，从而降低了人在 OpenAI和相机的共同之处在于都挑战了人类 创作过程中的介入程度。由此推知，William 的能动性。] Talbot宣称他的房子画了自己的画是为了淡化 4.B[推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“If the 创作中的人为因素。] history of photography tells us anything,it's 2.C[词义猜测题。根据文章第三段空前“The that the debate won't be settled quickly, removal of human(消除人类的)”及空后“in the straightforwardly,or by the institutions we creating process(在创造过程中)”可推知，摄影 typically associate with cultural gate keeping. 最大的卖点之一是它可以减少在创作过程中人 (如果说摄影的历史告诉了我们什么，那就是这 为错误的可能性。由此可知，划线词与C项“很 场争论不会很快、直截了当地得到解决，也不会 可能犯错误”意义相近。] 由我们通常与文化把关联系在一起的机构来解 3.C[细节理解题。根据文章第四段“As the 决。)”可推知，作者提到摄影的历史是想说明人 twenty-first century becomes...with the 工智能生成的图像将经历类似的辩论。] Ⅱ.阅读七选五主题语境：人与自然 体裁：说明文 话题：科学技术在农业中的应用 Agriculture has come a long way from its possible to grow plants without using soil at all. ancient beginnings.Long ago,farmers would With hydroponics(水培)，plant roots are suppor- work hard on their individual plots of land,using ted by rocks or a fiber mat.Nutrient-rich water is simple tools or even their bare hands.They ten- then provided so that the plants can grow.Recent ded to their crops for many hours each day so research has centered on vertical hydroponics that the crops grew well.1 For example,a farming.With a vertical farm,the crops are plan- single storm could destroy a whole year's work, ted in containers that are piled into plant sky- while a summer of good weather could ensure a scrapers.5 good harvest. With such technological advances,the image Modern science and technology have helped of a farmer pushing a plough will eventually be- to greatly reduce the back-breaking labour in- come a thing of the past. volved in farming,along with the reliance on luck A.Luck played a great part in farming. and guesswork.2 B.Some areas would be too dry to grow crops. Probably one of the most beneficial innova- C.Drip irrigation deals with a lack of water in an tions is drip irrigation,which has made it possible area. to develop big,green farms in the middle of the D.There have been experiments to make drip ir- desert.Simcha Blass,an Israeli scientist,discov- rigation a reality. ered this new way of irrigation in the 1930s. E.This irrigation method uses far less water than Through this discovery,farmers can now produce other methods. crops on dry land without needing much water. F.Furthermore,nearly all hydroponic farms par 3 The limited and focused use of just the tially or fully automated. right amount of water also denies moisture G.Farmers have benefited greatly from innova- to weeds,keeping them from harming the tions in crop production. crops. [语篇解读]这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学 4 However,what if an area has plenty of 技术在农业中的应用，介绍了滴灌和水培农业及 water,but little usable soil?As it turns out,it is 其优点。 ·354· 基础必备选择性必修第二册 l.A[上文“They tended to their crops for many 农业的好处，由此可知，空处应承接上文，继续 hours each day so that the crops grew well. 描写滴灌用水少这一优，点，E项“This irrigation 们每天花好几个小时照料庄稼，以便庄稼长得 method uses far less water than other meth- 好。)”指出农民们为了庄稼长得好，每天要花好 ods.(这种灌溉方法比其他方法用水少得多。)” 几个小时照料庄稼，下文“For example,a single 符合。] storm could destroy a whole year's work,while 4.C[由下文“However,what if an area has a summer of good weather could ensure a good plenty of water,but little usable soil?As it harvest.(例如，一场暴风雨可以毁掉一整年的 turns out,it is possible to grow plants without 工作，而一个好天气的夏天可以保证丰收。)”以 using soil at all..With hydroponics(水培)， 具体例子说明，突发天气状况会影响收成，由此 plant roots are supported by rocks or a fiber 可推知，空处应该是指出古代农业收成好坏也 mat.Nutrient-rich water is then provided so 靠运气，A项“Luck played a great part in farm that the plants can grow.(但是，如果一个地区 ing.(运气在农业中起了很大的作用。)”符合。] 有足够的水，但是可用的土壤很少呢？事实证 2.G[上文“Modern science and technology have 明，不用土壤也能种植植物。通过水培，植物的 helped to greatly reduce the back-breaking la- 根部由岩石或纤维垫支撑。然后提供营养丰富 bour involved in farming,along with the reli- 的水，这样植物就可以生长。)”的however可 ance on luck and guesswork.(现代科学技术大 知，空处和下文是对比关系，且结合上段提到用 大减少了农业劳动的负担，同时也减少了对运 水少的滴灌可知，空处应该是对上文进行总结， 气和猜测的依赖。)”指出现代科技给农业带来 同时和下文进行对比，即用滴灌能解决缺水地 的好处，空处也应该承接上文，继续描写现代科 区的农业问题和水培能解决水多地区的问题做 技给农业带来的好处，G项“Farmers have ben 对比，C项“Drip irrigation deals with a lack of efited greatly from innovations in crop produc- water in an area.(滴灌解决了一个地区缺水的 tion.(农民从农作物生产的创新中获益匪浅。)” 问题。)”符合。] 符合。] 5.F[上文“Recent research has centered on vertical 3.E[上文“Through this discovery,farmers can hydroponics farming.With a vertical farm,the crops now produce crops on dry land without needing are planted in containers that are piled into plant much water.(通过这一发现，农民现在可以在 skyscrapers.(最近的研究集中在垂直水培农业 旱地上种植作物，而不需要太多的水。)”指出滴 上。在垂直农场中，农作物被种植在集装箱中， 灌的优点，农民不仅可以早地上种植，而且不需 集装箱堆成了摩天大楼。)”提出最近的研究都 要太多水，下文“The limited and focused use of 在垂直水培农业上，同时描述了垂直水培农作 just the right amount of water also denies 物的一些情况，空处应该继续描写垂直水培农 moisture(水分)to weeds,keeping them from 作物的一些相关内容，F项“Furthermore,near harming the crops..(有限而集中地使用恰到好 ly all hydroponic farms partially or fully auto- 处的水量也会使杂草失去水分，从而防止它们 mated.(此外，几乎所有的水培农场都部分或全 损害庄稼。)”指出滴灌使用有限而集中的水对 部自动化。)”符合语境。门 Ⅲ.读后续写 主题语境：人与社会 体裁：记叙文 话题：河边放水灯 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头 He ran into the kitchen and reached for a pile 语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 of banana leaves on the counter.If he hurried,he The moment the bell rang,Lek grabbed his might have time to make his krathong(水灯)be school bag and raced towards his destination. fore the celebration started. When at last he pushed open the door of his Tonight was Loy Krathong(水灯节)，the parents'restaurant,he could hardly catch his Festival of the Floating Lanterns.In his town, breath. people would send out lighted candles in tiny ·355· 高考总复习英语(YL) boats along rivers and canals so that the past Fred walked towards weeping Lek with a year's problems could sail away with them and be krathong in his hand. replaced with wishes for the new year. As he wrapped the banana leaves around a bamboo base to form his boat,Lek thought about his sister,Katia.She was too sick to float a kra- thong on the river tonight.Perhaps a wish on Loy Krathong would take away her illness.Maybe then she would be able to laugh the way she used to.He tucked (four red flowers inside the ba- nana leaves and poked three sticks of incense be- tween their blossoms.In the middle,he placed a tall,white candle.This week,Lek had practiced launching a krathong the way his brother,Fred [参考范文] did.Fred was experienced in launching krathongs Suddenly,he felt his body shaking on the and often launched krathongs into the river for each of their customers.Lek had balanced stones edge and the krathong dropped from his hand on the flat piece of metal at the bottom of a long into the dark water.It rocked on the surface for pole and lowered them into the river until their a moment before tipping on its side.Lek held his parents had scolded him for standing too close to breath as the light from the candle flickered. the water's edge. Then it disappeared.Lek's throat stiffened,tears When night fell,Lek and Fred made their flooding his eyes.He nearly lost his balance again way outside through the crowd standing under as he reached toward the river,but it was no use. the full moon.Fred stood on the jetty(突堤)， The wake splashed against the banana leaves and lowering a krathong into the water with his pole. turned the tiny boat upside down.Lek's tears The candlelight danced on the black river as the boat slowly followed the current.A long line of dropped into the river as he watched Katia's kra- people waited behind Fred.It would take forever thong drift beneath the jetty. before he could help Lek!Lek took matches and Fred walked toward weeping Lek with a lit the candle on his tiny boat.He lowered his krathong in his hand.Fred asked,"What's krathong toward the water,stretching to reach its wrong?"Lek explained the whole thing.Having surface. heard this,Fred said,"Lek,let's launch a kra- 注意：1.续写词数应为150左右； thong for Katia together.Lek nodded,wiping 2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 his eyes.Under the guidance of Fred,Lek placed Suddenly,he felt his body shaking on the the boat on the edge of his pole,and then inched edge and the krathong dropped from his hand into the dark water. the boat down into the dark water until it floated on the waves and began its journey to the sea.He thought about Katia lying in bed at home and made his own silent wish.The krathong floated into the current,its candle bright as it sailed down the river.Lek and Fred smiled as they lis- tened to the tiny waves lapping the jetty,con- vinced that their sister would be better and better. ·356·