Unit 2 Period 1 Welcome to the unit & Reading-【步步高】2023-2024学年高二英语选修第三册（译林版2020）

人与自我——创新创造

Always keep an innovative mind and look at the world with your own eyes，instead of drifting with the tide.始终保持创新意识，用自己的眼光注视世界，而不随波逐流。

 

SCIENTIFIC1 BREAKTHROUGHS

If you had to choose the single most important discovery of the 20th century, you would have a real problem on your hands. In just 100 years, the world has changed completely. Amazing discoveries were made in medicine, communications and transport, not to mention our knowledge of the world and space. Medical advances ranged from discovering the causes of diseases under microscopes2 to staging operations to replace diseased organs with donated ones. Communications changed with the introduction of mobile phones, and the way we correspond went from writing letters to emailing and sending instant messages. We started flying around the world, launching satellites into orbit and, at the same time, scientists figured out how to split3 the atom, previously thought to be the smallest particle of matter in the universe.

Although it is impossible to choose the most important discovery, it is possible to single out a few pioneers of the 20th century. Here are some of them.

One of the 20th century’s premier4 scientists was Albert Einstein. In the summer of 1905, this outspoken young man was rocking his one-year-old baby when he was suddenly inspired. Subsequently5，“E＝mc2” was born. It showed how a small piece of mass could produce an unbelievable amount of energy. Einstein then showed in his “theory of relativity” that not even time, mass or length are constant—they change according to our experience of them.

In 1928, another important finding was made by biologist Alexander Fleming. Before he went on holiday, Fleming left a dish of bacteria in his laboratory. When he came back, he noticed something strange. He double-checked and saw a blue mould6 in the dish around which the bacteria had been destroyed. This blue mould was in fact the natural form of penicillin7, which Fleming perceived8 could be used to kill bacteria. A few years later, penicillin was being mass-produced and helping to save the lives of millions. Fleming remained humble about the amazing outcome of his discovery. “Nature made penicillin，” he said，“I just found it.”

(节选自北师大版新教材选择性必修第四册　Unit 12 )

词汇积累1.scientific/ˌsaɪən'tɪfɪk/adj.科学(上)的

2．microscope/'maɪkrəskəʊp/n.显微镜

3．split/splɪt/vi.& vt.分割，把……分开；分成(不同部分)

4．premier/'premiə/adj.最好的；最重要的

5．subsequently/'sʌbsəkwəntli/adv.后来，随后

6．mould/məʊld/n.霉，霉菌

7．penicillin/ˌpenɪ'sɪlɪn/n.青霉素，盘尼西林

8．perceive/pə'siːv/vt.察觉，注意到，发觉

 

Period 1　Welcome to the unit & Reading

Ⅰ.匹配单词

1．hypothetical　 A．to find the origin or cause of something

2．intuitive   B．to cause sth to start or develop，especially suddenly

3．trace   C．to prove something false or wrong

4．disprove   D．based on feelings rather than on knowledge or facts

5．spark   E．a line of light，electric waves or particles

6．beam   F．based only on an idea or suggestion about what might happen or

 might be true and not on a real situation

答案　1.F　2.D　3.A　4.C　5.B　6.E

Ⅱ.选词填空

1．Accidents due to driving at high speed are very common at the weekend.

2．When the mind is at rest，we feel peaceful.

3．You can turn to him because he is capable of working out the problem.

4．The idea put forward by the manager at the meeting sparked a circle of arguments in the upper class.

5．The young man was always finding a wide variety of excuses to explain his procrastination，which gave the lady a sense of pseudo-security.

1．What’s the function of the first sentence in the first paragraph?

A．To puzzle the readers.

B．To introduce the topic.

C．To show the writer’s wisdom.

D．To prove Albert Einstein’s ridiculousness.

答案　B

2．What’s the meaning of the word “Put” in the second paragraph?

A．Say.   B．Lay.

C．Translate.   D．Organize.

答案　A

3．From the first two paragraphs，we can conclude that         .

A．Albert Einstein asked himself the question in his twenties

B．thought experiments refer to the real experiments in the lab

C．some factors limit an experimental scenario in the real world

D．thought experiments is valueless

答案　C

4．What’s the writer’s attitude to Galileo Galilei?

A．Negative.   B．Subjective.

C．Indifferent.   D．Positive.

答案　D

5．Which is not the area where thought experiments are regularly used today?

A．Philosophy.   B．Economics.

C．Sciences.   D．Art.

答案　D

Thought experiments are experiments 1.carried(carry) out in the laboratory of the mind,2.which means they take place in the imagination.While the term “thought experiment” 3.originated(originate) in the 19th century，the use of thought experiments can be traced much 4.further(far) back，when ancient philosophers used 5.them(they) to explore difficult questions.Thought experiments 6.have made(make) a great difference to the development of scientific theories.With logical reasoning，they are capable 7.of putting forward a new theory and