重点话题22人与自我 做人与做事 阅读理解-【同步拓展阅读】2024-2025学年高二英语阅读提升（通用版）

重点话题22人与自我-做人与做事 阅读理解解析版 【同步拓展阅读】2024-2025学年高二英语阅读提升（通用版） 一、“人与自我 —— 做人与做事” 阅读理解中的高频词汇和短语： （一）高频词汇 1.品质类 independent：独立的 moral：道德的 persevering：坚持不懈的 humorous：有幽默感的 responsible：有责任感的 reliable：可靠的 generous：慷慨的，大方的 selfless：无私的 diligent：勤勉的，刻苦的 honest：诚实的 2.行为动作类 participate：参加；参与 pursue：追求 hesitate：犹豫 accuse：控告；谴责 apologize：道歉 acquire：获得；购得 employ：雇佣 judge：判断 overcome：克服 challenge：挑战 3.情感态度类 optimistic：乐观的 pessimistic：悲观的 confident：自信的 anxious：焦虑的 ashamed：羞愧的 guilty：内疚的 grateful：感激的 （二）高频短语 1.动词短语 make an apology to sb.：向某人道歉 boost one’s confidence：增强信心 be hard on sb.：对某人苛刻 be born in/into...：出生在；出生于 be capable of：能够；有…… 的能力 be faced with：面对 be involved in：参与；卷入 stick to：坚持 give up：放弃 put forward：提出 2.介词短语 in face of：面对 in order to：为了 with the purpose of：为了…… in one’s spare time：在某人业余时间 as a result：结果 in addition：此外 on the contrary：相反 in a word：总之高频短语 3.自我认知与提升类 认识自己：know oneself、understand oneself 提升自我：improve oneself、enhance oneself 发挥潜力：tap one's potential、fulfill one's potential 自我反思：self-reflection、self-examination 4.人际关系处理类 与…… 相处：get along with、get on well with 换位思考：put oneself in others' shoes、think from others' perspectives 建立关系：build relationships、establish connections 帮助他人：help others、lend a hand to others 5.做事方法与原则类 制定计划：make a plan、draw up a plan 设定目标：set goals、establish objectives 克服困难：overcome difficulties、tackle obstacles 全力以赴：go all out、spare no effort 按部就班：step by step、in an orderly manner 二、高二英语人与自我-做人与做事 阅读理解的考点和考法 高二英语 “人与自我 —— 做人与做事” 主题的阅读理解，通常会从多个角度设置考点和考法，以下是一些常见的情况： 1.细节理解题 事实细节：考查学生对文章中关于做人与做事的具体事例、行为、观点等细节的理解。例如，文章中提到某人在面对困难时的具体做法，题目会问这个人做了什么，选项会给出不同的行为描述，让学生选择正确的。 原因细节：询问文章中某个现象、行为或观点的原因。比如，文章讲述了一个人选择某种做事方式的原因，题目就会针对这个原因进行提问，选项可能会是对原因的不同表述或干扰项。 数字细节：如果文章中有涉及到与做人做事相关的数据，如调查结果中某种品质在人群中的占比等，题目可能会考查学生对这些数字的理解和计算。 2.主旨大意题 文章主旨：要求学生概括整篇文章关于 “人与自我 —— 做人与做事” 的主要内容或核心观点。文章可能围绕某种做人的品质或做事的方法展开论述，题目会让学生从选项中选择能准确概括文章主旨的表述。 段落主旨：考查某一段落的主要内容或中心思想。比如，某一段重点讲述了在团队合作中做人的重要性，题目会让学生选择该段落的主旨，选项可能包括对段落内容的不同概括或偏离段落主旨的干扰项。 3.推理判断题 隐含意义推理：要求学生根据文章中关于做人做事的描述，推断出作者没有直接表达的隐含意义或观点。例如，文章通过描述一个人在面对利益诱惑时的选择，让学生推断作者对这种行为的态度是赞赏还是批判。 后续内容推理：根据文章的内容和逻辑，推测接下来可能会讲述的关于做人与做事的内容。比如，文章在结尾处提到了某种做事方法的局限性，题目可能会问接下来作者最有可能讨论什么，选项会包括不同的可能内容方向。 人物身份或关系推理：根据文章中人物的言行和在做人做事方面的表现，推断人物的身份、职业或人物之间的关系。比如，从一个人对工作的专业态度和对同事的指导方式，推断他可能是团队领导。 4.词义猜测题 生词猜测：文章中出现与 “人与自我 —— 做人与做事” 主题相关的生词，要求学生根据上下文语境猜测词义。例如，出现一个描述某种做人品质的生僻词汇，学生需要通过文章中对该品质的解释、举例等来推测其含义。 熟词生义：考查常见词汇在 “人与自我 —— 做人与做事” 特定语境中的特殊含义。比如 “weigh” 常见意思是 “称重”，但在文章中可能表示 “权衡（利弊）”，学生需要根据语境判断其确切含义。 5.观点态度题 作者观点态度：考查学生对作者在文章中关于做人与做事所表达的观点和态度的理解。作者可能对某种做人原则持支持、反对或中立的态度，题目会让学生从选项中选择正确的描述。 文中人物观点态度：要求学生判断文章中某个角色对特定的做人做事行为或观点的态度。例如，文章中的主人公对团队合作中不同意见的接纳程度，题目会让学生选择能准确体现主人公态度的选项。 三、如何提高高二英语阅读理解中关于做人与做事主题的答题能力？ 提高高中英语阅读理解中关于 “做人与做事” 主题的答题能力，可从积累基础知识、提升阅读技巧、加强练习与总结等方面入手，具体方法如下： 1.积累基础知识 丰富词汇储备：“做人与做事” 主题涉及大量相关词汇，除了课本词汇外，要额外积累如 integrity（正直）、responsibility（责任）、initiative（主动性）等词汇。可通过阅读英文报纸杂志、英文小说等，在语境中学习和记忆词汇，也可使用百词斩、墨墨背单词等 APP 辅助学习。 强化语法理解：熟练掌握各种语法结构，如定语从句、状语从句、非谓语动词等，以便准确理解长难句。比如在分析 “In order to achieve his goal, which requires great perseverance, he worked day and night.” 这样的句子时，能清晰判断出 which 引导的定语从句修饰 goal，从而更好地理解句子含义。 2.提升阅读技巧 快速浏览把握主旨：在阅读文章前，先快速浏览标题、首尾段和每段首句，大致了解文章关于 “做人与做事” 的主题方向和核心观点。如看到标题 “The Key to Success: How to Be a Responsible Person”，就能知道文章主要围绕成为有责任感的人对成功的重要性展开。 精读文章标记细节：阅读过程中，将与人物品质、做事方法、事件因果等相关的关键信息标记出来。例如，遇到描述某人面对困难时的具体做法，或作者对某种做人原则的论述等内容，可划出来以便答题时快速定位。 根据上下文猜词义：遇到生词不要立刻查字典，尝试根据上下文语境、句子逻辑关系来猜测词义。如 “His tenacity in the face of difficulties impressed everyone. He never gave up easily.”，通过 “never gave up easily” 能猜出 tenacity 意为 “坚韧，顽强”。 3.加强练习与总结 勤做专项练习：针对 “做人与做事” 主题的阅读理解进行专项训练，熟悉各种题型和考法。做完后认真对照答案，分析自己的错误原因，是没理解文章内容，还是答题思路有误等。 建立错题档案：将做错的题目整理到错题本上，注明错误原因和正确的解题思路。定期回顾错题，总结答题规律和技巧，避免再次犯错。 4.分析文章结构和逻辑：做完题后，进一步分析文章的结构，如总分总、递进式、对比式等，以及段落之间、句子之间的逻辑关系，如因果、转折、并列等。这有助于更好地理解文章内容，提高答题的准确性。 培养思维能力与文化意识 5.提升思维能力：在阅读过程中，培养自己的分析、推理、判断等思维能力。对于作者的观点和文中人物的行为，要深入思考其背后的原因和影响，学会从不同角度分析问题。 6.增强文化意识：了解中西方文化在 “做人与做事” 方面的差异和共通之处，积累相关的文化背景知识。比如，西方文化强调个人主义和自我实现，而中国文化更注重集体主义和社会关系，这在相关的英文文章中可能会有所体现，了解这些有助于更好地理解文章内涵。 四、人与自我 —— 做人与做事” 阅读理解精练题 阅读理解 （24-25高二上·吉林·期中）If you analyze people’s actions, you will come to the conclusion that they all seek happiness. Every act is in fact a search for it, even if on the surface it doesn’t look so. Happiness is always the main target. Going to the movies, eating in a restaurant and going to a party are all motivated by the desire to be happy. Who does not dream of a vacation in some fascinating locations, a new car, a new house, or the ideal match? All people daydream, and some even try to make their dream a reality. And why is that? In order to be happy! Many people endanger themselves by climbing steep mountains, entering unexplored caves, or diving into the deep of the ocean in order to enjoy the few moments of happiness. A thief may steal because he loves the thrill of danger, or because he desires to have quick money to spend. He is actually looking for happiness, though in a perverted way. Of course, not all actions end in happiness. The motive is happiness, but the results do not always bring the desire. According to some spiritual traditions, we are spiritual beings in physical bodies. The spiritual part is always happy. Rather, it is happiness itself. But the physical body covers this happiness essence (本质). There is a constant desire to find out this happiness. This is the reason why happiness is constantly sought. However, there is.no need to search for happiness or to create it, or to have all kinds of outer experiences and actions in order to feel it. On the contrary, everything has to be dropped in order to experience it. Every technique, which helps to relax the mind and calm the rush of thoughts will lead to happiness. 1．From the first two paragraphs, we can learn that______. A．many things people do are to attain happiness B．it is very hard to analyze people’s actions C．happiness is a daydream D．one should act carefully so as not to show his purpose 2．The underlined word “perverted” in Paragraph 3 most likely means. A．difficult. B．unfair. C．cautious. D．illegal. 3．According to the author, why do people seek happiness all the time? A．All actions don’t result in the expected happiness B．One’s physical body is controlled by his spiritual part. C．There is little awareness of the nature of happiness. D．People are so greedy that it’s hard to satisfy their desires. 4．Which can be the best tittle? A．Where is happiness? B．How to pursue happiness? C．What is happiness essence? D．How to relax for happiness? （24-25高二上·江苏南通·期中）Failure is a big part of everyone’s life. The problem many of us face, however, is that we automatically equate experiencing failure with being a failure. We view it as something to be ashamed of, or embarrassed about, something to be avoided or hidden. In fact, failure gives us an opportunity to learn, adapt and grow. It should be expected on the way to achieving life goals and used as a feedback mechanism (机制) to get it right next time, or the time after. I recently saw a woman who had to give up studying for her university degree. She had bipolar disorder (躁郁症) and was unable to cope with the pressure of studying. She was studying to be a teacher and had hoped to find a teaching job. However, she failed her exams and job interviews, and overall felt like she was failing to achieve anything. One of the things she enjoyed doing was singing in a band. So in order to earn a bit of money, she began giving singing lessons to children in her community. Fast forward 18 months and she now has her own growing business of teaching singing full-time. She hasn’t achieved this goal in the way she imagined, and she wouldn’t have embarked on this path without the setbacks she encountered. What was it about this woman that made her succeed? Yes, failure had a big part to play, but the ability to bounce back and be flexible was an important factor. An important part of developing flexibility is having a supportive network. Having relationships with people who can support us helps us go through tough times. Our attitudes toward ourselves are also crucially important, including a sense that we are in control of our actions, have confidence in what we do, realize our strengths and set ourselves achievable and realistic goals. This is all necessary to flexibility. The secret to flexibility lies in accepting that there are things in life we cannot change. Rather than thinking of ourselves as victims, we need to realize we have the ability to change the way we think, behave and, ultimately, feel. Life may throw manure (粪肥) at us, but we can grow roses with it. 5．What do people usually think of failure? A．Shameful. B．Unavoidable. C．Changeable. D．Rewarding. 6．What do paragraphs 3-4 mainly talk about? A．Ways to achieve our goals in life. B．Reflection on how to avoid failure. C．Reasons why failure can’t be avoided. D．An example of turning failure into a chance. 7．What does the author think contributes to the woman’s success? A．His positive mindset. B．Her ability to adapt. C．Her eagerness to learn. D．Her courage and persistence. 8．What is the key to being flexible, according to the author? A．Ignoring what bothers us. B．Keeping improving our abilities. C．Learning to accept failure. D．Setting goals based on our interests. （24-25高二上·重庆·期中）My curiosity about body language started with a particular professor from my university. On a brisk morning, as he playfully pointed out my tendency to rub my nose whenever I wove excuses for being late to his lectures, he fascinated me with the gripping notion of “Pinocchio”. Actually, when someone tells a lie, the person’s blood rushes to the nose and the extra blood makes it itchy (发痒的). This little example of non-verbal communication inspired me to become a body language expert. Now, I earn my living by training people in non-verbal communication. Knowing when someone is lying and knowing how to persuade people you’re telling the truth are two of the most important skills you’ll ever learn. I have spent a lot of time studying the ways the human body gives more reliable information than the words we speak. The words say one thing but the body may say something completely different. We know that crossed arms can be seen as either defensive or aggressive, but what about facial expressions, postures and gestures? All of these say a lot and can only be understood if you know how to make sense of the signs. Business clients are always in need of my services and I try to improve their confidence by teaching them about body language. I give advice about handshakes, which should always be firm and steady, and I teach the importance of personal space. They may seem like minor matters, but these codes of behaviour can be the key to making or breaking a business deal. My working life gives me a great deal of satisfaction. I feel that I’m providing a public service, but it is a service that has had its downside. Whenever I meet someone new and I tell them what I do for a living, they immediately put their guard up and they’re no longer relaxed. They quite literally freeze in the attempt to hide all the signals that they think I’m reading. It makes life difficult at times, but I consider it a small price to pay for a job I enjoy so much. 9．What is the purpose of mentioning the author’s professor in the first paragraph? A．To show how humorous his professor was. B．To introduce what the concept of “Pinocchio” is. C．To describe how interesting his university life was. D．To explain what encouraged him to pick his career. 10．What can we infer from the second paragraph? A．Crossed arms always indicate defensiveness. B．Understanding body language requires specific skills. C．Spoken words are more trustworthy than body signals. D．Facial expressions, postures, and gestures convey insignificant information. 11．Why do people act in an unusual way after knowing the author’s occupation? A．They believe he is studying them. B．They consider him aggressive. C．They don’t like his service. D．They are rooted in shock. 12．What does the author think of his job? A．Stable but difficult. B．Flexible but demanding. C．Fulfilling but challenging. D．Innovative but fast-paced. （24-25高二上·云南昭通·期中）If you had to use one word to define yourself, what would it be? Imagine trying to summarize your entire being in just one word or two — a challenging task indeed. Labels (标签), like “confident” or “creative”, may suggest certain aspects, but they can never fully capture the richness and depth of a person’s character. The biggest issue with labeling people is that it oversimplifies (过度简化) their complex nature. Using labels infers people’s current behavior is fixed, but people change. As they learn, they grow, and someone we think of in a certain way today might not remain the same in a few months or years. When we label people, we deny their complexity, their right to change, and their richness as human beings. Furthermore, labels can become self-fulfilling prophecies (预言). When people are constantly told they are a certain way, they may start to remember these labels and act accordingly. This restricts their potential for growth and development, as they may feel trapped by social expectations. For example, if parents label a child as “annoying” or “a complainer”, the child may feel their needs aren’t important. Over time, being ignored for complaining too much can lead the child to believe that expressing their needs is not acceptable. Consequently, their self-perception (自我认知) may suffer, and they may even start to devalue themselves as a result. Linguist Benjamin Wharf once argued that the words we use to describe what we see are rarely objective, as they carry personal prejudice (偏见). Labels can be harmful because they can reduce individuals to a single characteristic or stereotype. Therefore, we should be mindful of the language we use and the labels we attach to people. By adopting a more open view of life, people, and events, we can appreciate the richness and diversity of human experience, and cope with the complexities of our interconnected world. 13．What is the main problem with labeling people? A．It encourages creativity. B．It oversimplifies people’s complex nature. C．It enhances people’s self-perception. D．It promotes social harmony. 14．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the text? A．Labeling people can capture their complex nature and individuality. B．Labels never affect an individual’s self-perception or behavior. C．Labeling people can prevent people’s potential for growth and development. D．Labels applied to people will remain relevant indefinitely. 15．What does the author suggest in the last paragraph? A．Promoting open-mindedness. B．Using more labels to define people. C．Avoiding any form of communication. D．Sticking strictly to fixed descriptions. 16．Which of the following can be a suitable title for the text? A．The Tricks for Labeling People B．The Exploration of Labeling Humans C．Benjamin Wharf’s Perspective on Language D．Beyond Labels: Embracing the Richness of Human Experience （24-25高二上·广东·期中）A teacher teaches stay-at-home mothers how to make cakes at a vocational school in Changle district, Fuzhou, capital of southeast China’s Fujian Province. Jobs tailored for mothers who are still of working age and have children aged 12 and below are helping them overcome re-employment difficulties to some extent and strike a balance between work and model that has been widely care of their kids. This is an employment model that has been widely popular with stay-at-home mothers across China. Pi Rongjie, whose child is 4 years old, works for an LED factory near her child’s kindergarten in Jing’ an county, Yichun city, east China’s Jiangxi Province. Unlike her colleagues on the company’s other production lines, mothers working under this model including Pi can clock in half an hour later and finish a day between 5p. m. and 6 p. m. In addition to providing flexible working hours, some regions are optimizing (优化) the working environment and model to better help young mothers through measures such as allowing them to take their children to the workplace and setting up community-based workshops for them. Moreover, organizations such as women’s federations should keep close contact with mothers working under this model, safeguard their legitimate (合法的) rights and interests, listen to the views of employers, and improve mechanisms for labor dispute mediation (调解) to ensure the healthy development of this flexible employment model. Meanwhile, the development of some new business models in China such as livestreaming e-commerce has brought more options for mothers seeking flexible employment. For example, positions for mothers including operational staff, live streamers, and customer service staff allow them to work from home. 17．What is the purpose of Paragraph 1? A．To stress the importance of teachers. B．To state the process of the teaching. C．To introduce the topic of the text. D．To give an example of the job model. 18．What does the underlined words “clock in” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A．working overtime. B．setting the clock. C．checking in. D．getting to work. 19．What is stressed in paragraph 4? A．Opinions shared by some regions and organizations. B．Working environment some places are optimizing. C．Requirements made by the employees. D．Measures taken to promote the working condition. 20．What might the author continue talking about? A．Other examples of flexible jobs for mothers. B．Jobs tailored for mothers popular in China. C．Different comments made on livestreaming. D．The achievements made by the e-commerce. （24-25高二上·湖北武汉·期中）I wanted to buy something today - until I figured out the cost versus the benefit. At that point I knew it was a completely stupid idea. What I wanted to buy was an older car to have in addition to my four-year-old Smart Car that I absolutely like. So you wonder, why would I want to have another car as well? The reason is - grandkids. I have several and in the Smart Car I can only have one passenger (It’s a two-seater). Besides, one of my daughters-in-law does not trust the Smart Car as a vehicle for her daughter Lily to ride in, so that’s one little girl I can’t take anywhere at all. My husband also has a car - and a truck. So that’s why I had the stupid idea to buy an old Toyota I found on the lot of an honest used car salesman. Thank heavens I came to my senses before I spent $8000 to buy it, $80 or so to license it and probably $500 to insure it for a year. It would be senseless to buy that car. My grandkids just have to continue to come with me one by one. I can’t take two girls out to lunch or two girls shopping or pick up the brother and sister that live in the same house. As for the little one that’s not allowed to ride with me…well, Grandpa will have to pick her up. As for me, I didn’t get money in my savings account by being totally stupid. Sure, doing things with the kids is fun, but spending that kind of money to put two or more of them in a group - which would probably drive me crazy anyway - is really dumb. Sometimes temptation can prove that you still have a little sense. 21．What can we know about the author’s grandkid Lily? A．She refused to stay with her grandma. B．She thought it was dangerous to sit in a Smart Car. C．She was always picked up by her mom. D．She was not allowed to take her grandma’s car. 22．Why did the author give up the idea of buying the Toyota? A．It was a used car. B．She couldn’t afford it. C．The salesman was unreliable. D．There was no need for it. 23．What does the underlined word “dumb” in paragraph 4 mean? A．Difficult. B．reasonable. C．stupid. D．amazing. 24．What can be the best title of the text? A．Look before you leap. B．Better late than never. C．Don’t judge a book by its cover. D．Every advantage has its disadvantage. （24-25高二上·浙江温州·期中）There has been a battle raging in my living room — a deep-rooted standoff that began when I was a child of about nine. That is the age I was when my parents purchased a second-hand piano to support my continuing musical training. Some may characterize it as a love-hate relationship, even though I believe the bond between us is more than that. Of course, on the “hate” side there were plenty of frustrating hours spent practicing, the forced performances for relatives, the trimmed fingernails. And the responsibility I had to shoulder, as my family sacrificed a lot for me to have piano lessons, because I had talent. My teachers said so and, truthfully, my heart said so, too. But all too often it felt like a burden. There was also love on that piano bench. There were times when I could feel the music ring through me. I could feel it vibrate through my fingers. The connection between two people when performing a duet was beautiful. When my music landed on my audience it made me want to play forever. But my musical talent did not survive my teenage years. It was no competition for the freedom I sought and eventually fought for. When I had a home of my own, the piano mostly sat unloved or at least unused, feeling fingers on the keys only during Christmas and when my own children took piano lessons. I know every inch of this piano. I spent years of my life in front of this piano. Awaiting my free will to ripen enough to release me from lessons. Awaiting my life to begin. Awaiting my mother to leave the room so I could secretly read my book while practicing scales. It feels like I am giving away the family pet. So here I sit playing my last tune before the movers take the piano away and surprisingly there lies a growing desire for something else. It is time to clear the air to let in a different melody. Time to say, “Thank you for being part of my life,” take a bow and leave the stage… with one final note rising up alongside the dust in a sunbeam. 25．What does the underlined word in paragraph 1 mean? A．Conflict. B．Challenge. C．Relationship. D．Understanding. 26．Why did the author feel frustrated about playing piano? A．She lacked the talent in playing the piano. B．She had to give up activities she enjoyed. C．She felt burdened because of the responsibility. D．She couldn’t express her emotions through music. 27．What can we learn about the author in paragraph 5? A．The author looked forward to growing up. B．The piano took away the author’s freedom. C．The author made a great effort to learn piano. D．The author preferred reading to playing the piano. 28．What is the most suitable title for the passage? A．A Farewell to My Piano. B．Challenges of Playing the Piano. C．Love and Responsibility in Music. D．Reflection on My Musical Journey. （24-25高二上·湖北·期中）We’ve all had that restless feeling, that urge to be doing something — anything — other than what we’re doing right now. It’s boredom. Boredom doesn’t just color (影响) the time spent sitting in waiting rooms or watching dull television shows. It can also come into the larger patterns of our lives, such as our jobs and relationships. And it brings a message. Just like pain. Pain is your body’s way of telling you that something is wrong, and that you need to do something about it. Boredom is telling you that what you’re doing is not a good fit for the mental or emotional resources you have at that moment. You may have heard that boredom increases creativity, and some research seems to suggest that it does. But more recent research has called the idea into question, says Andreas Elpidorou, author of Propelled: How Boredom, Frustration, and Anticipation Lead Us to the Good Life. A 2016 study found that boredom probably does not generate creativity. Practice does. In fact, the study found that in many cases, boredom damaged fluency in creative tasks. However, there may be a connection between boredom and creativity. Elpidorou points out that you can respond to boredom in creative ways. And that gets us to what may be the most important fact about boredom: Whether it’s helpful or harmful depends on how you respond to it. When that anxious feeling crops up, it’s easy to immediately reach for your phone and start scrolling (滚动) on social media, or worse. Individuals who are prone (易受...影响的) to boredom are more likely to abuse drugs and alcohol, according to some research. On the other hand, boredom can push you toward more meaningful tasks, says Elpidorou. When boredom strikes, you might call a friend you haven’t heard from in a while, go for a walk or to the gym, or pick up your guitar and play that tune you’ve been working on. The trick, of course, is to pay attention to that boredom alert and make a conscious decision about how to respond. 29．What do “pain” and “boredom” have in common? A．They initiate a need for change. B．They relates to large patterns of life. C．They reflect similar mental problems. D．They’re signs of physical harm. 30．What might the recent research have discovered? A．Boredom enhances creativity. B．Creativity arises from practice. C．Boredom affects cultural exchange. D．Creative tasks improve quality of life. 31．What strategies might Elpidorou recommend to fight boredom? A．Engaging in social media scrolling. B．Replacing boredom with drug abuse. C．Pursuing more meaningful activities. D．Ignoring the urge to avoid boredom. 32．Which is the best title of the text? A．The Essence of Boredom. B．Creativity and Boredom. C．Keeping Boredom at Bay. D．Turning Boredom into Treasure. （24-25高二上·江苏南通·期中）From what color to paint the kitchen to the origin of a famous quote, or even something as small as what to have for dinner, I loved to argue about what was right. Day or night, I was ready to argue with whoever was unlucky enough to strike up a conversation with me. My challengers included my children, my wife, friends and even strangers. This habit had often caused trouble in my family. There were moments when my marriage became tense and my kids grew distant. The longest fight I had was with my parents, and it dragged on for nearly a year. Even small disagreements had the potential to blow up. One afternoon, I was playing a board game with my granddaughter when she made a move that broke the rules. I corrected her, but she ended up making the same mistake again. I read the rules out loud and asked if she got it this time. She smiled at me and shook her head. “Grandpa. why are you so hyped (微动的)?” she asked. “It’s just a game. We’re here to have fun, aren’t we?” Something about her words really hit home. We weren’t there to be right; we were there to enjoy ourselves. What truly mattered was our bond and the moments we shared. My drive to win hadn’t really been about seeking the truth, but about showing I was better than everyone else. I wanted people to see me as the most capable person in the room. What I came to realize was that my behavior was having the opposite effect. I was gaining no respect or appreciation by doing this. And the more I practiced, the better I mastered the art of keeping quiet. What I could never have anticipated was just how much my overall happiness would improve by simply listening calmly to others without interrupting. It taught me a newfound tolerance of difference. When I don’t agree with someone, a neutral response such as “Who knows? Maybe.” can work, too. 33．What can we say about the author in the past? A．He disliked socializing with others. B．He often drew lessons from discussions. C．He was very defensive about his weakness. D．He was fond of arguing over right and wrong. 34．What’s the surrounding people’s attitude towards the author’s habit? A．Unconcerned. B．Annoyed. C．Supportive. D．Tolerant. 35．What happened to the author after a game with his granddaughter? A．He stopped seeking the truth. B．He began to reflect on his behavior. C．He lost interest in playing any games. D．He became more unforgiving afterwards. 36．What can we infer from the author’s experience? A．Facts speak louder than words. B．Winning turns out all that counts. C．Arguing strengthens emotional bonds. D．Listening creates harmony with others. 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 1 / 15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 重点话题22人与自我-做人与做事 阅读理解解析版 【同步拓展阅读】2024-2025学年高二英语阅读提升（通用版） 一、“人与自我 —— 做人与做事” 阅读理解中的高频词汇和短语： （一）高频词汇 1.品质类 independent：独立的 moral：道德的 persevering：坚持不懈的 humorous：有幽默感的 responsible：有责任感的 reliable：可靠的 generous：慷慨的，大方的 selfless：无私的 diligent：勤勉的，刻苦的 honest：诚实的 2.行为动作类 participate：参加；参与 pursue：追求 hesitate：犹豫 accuse：控告；谴责 apologize：道歉 acquire：获得；购得 employ：雇佣 judge：判断 overcome：克服 challenge：挑战 3.情感态度类 optimistic：乐观的 pessimistic：悲观的 confident：自信的 anxious：焦虑的 ashamed：羞愧的 guilty：内疚的 grateful：感激的 （二）高频短语 1.动词短语 make an apology to sb.：向某人道歉 boost one’s confidence：增强信心 be hard on sb.：对某人苛刻 be born in/into...：出生在；出生于 be capable of：能够；有…… 的能力 be faced with：面对 be involved in：参与；卷入 stick to：坚持 give up：放弃 put forward：提出 2.介词短语 in face of：面对 in order to：为了 with the purpose of：为了…… in one’s spare time：在某人业余时间 as a result：结果 in addition：此外 on the contrary：相反 in a word：总之高频短语 3.自我认知与提升类 认识自己：know oneself、understand oneself 提升自我：improve oneself、enhance oneself 发挥潜力：tap one's potential、fulfill one's potential 自我反思：self-reflection、self-examination 4.人际关系处理类 与…… 相处：get along with、get on well with 换位思考：put oneself in others' shoes、think from others' perspectives 建立关系：build relationships、establish connections 帮助他人：help others、lend a hand to others 5.做事方法与原则类 制定计划：make a plan、draw up a plan 设定目标：set goals、establish objectives 克服困难：overcome difficulties、tackle obstacles 全力以赴：go all out、spare no effort 按部就班：step by step、in an orderly manner 二、高二英语人与自我-做人与做事 阅读理解的考点和考法 高二英语 “人与自我 —— 做人与做事” 主题的阅读理解，通常会从多个角度设置考点和考法，以下是一些常见的情况： 1.细节理解题 事实细节：考查学生对文章中关于做人与做事的具体事例、行为、观点等细节的理解。例如，文章中提到某人在面对困难时的具体做法，题目会问这个人做了什么，选项会给出不同的行为描述，让学生选择正确的。 原因细节：询问文章中某个现象、行为或观点的原因。比如，文章讲述了一个人选择某种做事方式的原因，题目就会针对这个原因进行提问，选项可能会是对原因的不同表述或干扰项。 数字细节：如果文章中有涉及到与做人做事相关的数据，如调查结果中某种品质在人群中的占比等，题目可能会考查学生对这些数字的理解和计算。 2.主旨大意题 文章主旨：要求学生概括整篇文章关于 “人与自我 —— 做人与做事” 的主要内容或核心观点。文章可能围绕某种做人的品质或做事的方法展开论述，题目会让学生从选项中选择能准确概括文章主旨的表述。 段落主旨：考查某一段落的主要内容或中心思想。比如，某一段重点讲述了在团队合作中做人的重要性，题目会让学生选择该段落的主旨，选项可能包括对段落内容的不同概括或偏离段落主旨的干扰项。 3.推理判断题 隐含意义推理：要求学生根据文章中关于做人做事的描述，推断出作者没有直接表达的隐含意义或观点。例如，文章通过描述一个人在面对利益诱惑时的选择，让学生推断作者对这种行为的态度是赞赏还是批判。 后续内容推理：根据文章的内容和逻辑，推测接下来可能会讲述的关于做人与做事的内容。比如，文章在结尾处提到了某种做事方法的局限性，题目可能会问接下来作者最有可能讨论什么，选项会包括不同的可能内容方向。 人物身份或关系推理：根据文章中人物的言行和在做人做事方面的表现，推断人物的身份、职业或人物之间的关系。比如，从一个人对工作的专业态度和对同事的指导方式，推断他可能是团队领导。 4.词义猜测题 生词猜测：文章中出现与 “人与自我 —— 做人与做事” 主题相关的生词，要求学生根据上下文语境猜测词义。例如，出现一个描述某种做人品质的生僻词汇，学生需要通过文章中对该品质的解释、举例等来推测其含义。 熟词生义：考查常见词汇在 “人与自我 —— 做人与做事” 特定语境中的特殊含义。比如 “weigh” 常见意思是 “称重”，但在文章中可能表示 “权衡（利弊）”，学生需要根据语境判断其确切含义。 5.观点态度题 作者观点态度：考查学生对作者在文章中关于做人与做事所表达的观点和态度的理解。作者可能对某种做人原则持支持、反对或中立的态度，题目会让学生从选项中选择正确的描述。 文中人物观点态度：要求学生判断文章中某个角色对特定的做人做事行为或观点的态度。例如，文章中的主人公对团队合作中不同意见的接纳程度，题目会让学生选择能准确体现主人公态度的选项。 三、如何提高高二英语阅读理解中关于做人与做事主题的答题能力？ 提高高中英语阅读理解中关于 “做人与做事” 主题的答题能力，可从积累基础知识、提升阅读技巧、加强练习与总结等方面入手，具体方法如下： 1.积累基础知识 丰富词汇储备：“做人与做事” 主题涉及大量相关词汇，除了课本词汇外，要额外积累如 integrity（正直）、responsibility（责任）、initiative（主动性）等词汇。可通过阅读英文报纸杂志、英文小说等，在语境中学习和记忆词汇，也可使用百词斩、墨墨背单词等 APP 辅助学习。 强化语法理解：熟练掌握各种语法结构，如定语从句、状语从句、非谓语动词等，以便准确理解长难句。比如在分析 “In order to achieve his goal, which requires great perseverance, he worked day and night.” 这样的句子时，能清晰判断出 which 引导的定语从句修饰 goal，从而更好地理解句子含义。 2.提升阅读技巧 快速浏览把握主旨：在阅读文章前，先快速浏览标题、首尾段和每段首句，大致了解文章关于 “做人与做事” 的主题方向和核心观点。如看到标题 “The Key to Success: How to Be a Responsible Person”，就能知道文章主要围绕成为有责任感的人对成功的重要性展开。 精读文章标记细节：阅读过程中，将与人物品质、做事方法、事件因果等相关的关键信息标记出来。例如，遇到描述某人面对困难时的具体做法，或作者对某种做人原则的论述等内容，可划出来以便答题时快速定位。 根据上下文猜词义：遇到生词不要立刻查字典，尝试根据上下文语境、句子逻辑关系来猜测词义。如 “His tenacity in the face of difficulties impressed everyone. He never gave up easily.”，通过 “never gave up easily” 能猜出 tenacity 意为 “坚韧，顽强”。 3.加强练习与总结 勤做专项练习：针对 “做人与做事” 主题的阅读理解进行专项训练，熟悉各种题型和考法。做完后认真对照答案，分析自己的错误原因，是没理解文章内容，还是答题思路有误等。 建立错题档案：将做错的题目整理到错题本上，注明错误原因和正确的解题思路。定期回顾错题，总结答题规律和技巧，避免再次犯错。 4.分析文章结构和逻辑：做完题后，进一步分析文章的结构，如总分总、递进式、对比式等，以及段落之间、句子之间的逻辑关系，如因果、转折、并列等。这有助于更好地理解文章内容，提高答题的准确性。 培养思维能力与文化意识 5.提升思维能力：在阅读过程中，培养自己的分析、推理、判断等思维能力。对于作者的观点和文中人物的行为，要深入思考其背后的原因和影响，学会从不同角度分析问题。 6.增强文化意识：了解中西方文化在 “做人与做事” 方面的差异和共通之处，积累相关的文化背景知识。比如，西方文化强调个人主义和自我实现，而中国文化更注重集体主义和社会关系，这在相关的英文文章中可能会有所体现，了解这些有助于更好地理解文章内涵。 四、人与自我 —— 做人与做事” 阅读理解精练题 阅读理解 （24-25高二上·吉林·期中）If you analyze people’s actions, you will come to the conclusion that they all seek happiness. Every act is in fact a search for it, even if on the surface it doesn’t look so. Happiness is always the main target. Going to the movies, eating in a restaurant and going to a party are all motivated by the desire to be happy. Who does not dream of a vacation in some fascinating locations, a new car, a new house, or the ideal match? All people daydream, and some even try to make their dream a reality. And why is that? In order to be happy! Many people endanger themselves by climbing steep mountains, entering unexplored caves, or diving into the deep of the ocean in order to enjoy the few moments of happiness. A thief may steal because he loves the thrill of danger, or because he desires to have quick money to spend. He is actually looking for happiness, though in a perverted way. Of course, not all actions end in happiness. The motive is happiness, but the results do not always bring the desire. According to some spiritual traditions, we are spiritual beings in physical bodies. The spiritual part is always happy. Rather, it is happiness itself. But the physical body covers this happiness essence (本质). There is a constant desire to find out this happiness. This is the reason why happiness is constantly sought. However, there is.no need to search for happiness or to create it, or to have all kinds of outer experiences and actions in order to feel it. On the contrary, everything has to be dropped in order to experience it. Every technique, which helps to relax the mind and calm the rush of thoughts will lead to happiness. 1．From the first two paragraphs, we can learn that______. A．many things people do are to attain happiness B．it is very hard to analyze people’s actions C．happiness is a daydream D．one should act carefully so as not to show his purpose 2．The underlined word “perverted” in Paragraph 3 most likely means. A．difficult. B．unfair. C．cautious. D．illegal. 3．According to the author, why do people seek happiness all the time? A．All actions don’t result in the expected happiness B．One’s physical body is controlled by his spiritual part. C．There is little awareness of the nature of happiness. D．People are so greedy that it’s hard to satisfy their desires. 4．Which can be the best tittle? A．Where is happiness? B．How to pursue happiness? C．What is happiness essence? D．How to relax for happiness? 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．C 4．C 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章谈论了幸福的本质。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段“If you analyze people’s actions, you will come to the conclusion that they all seek happiness. Every act is in fact a search for it, even if on the surface it doesn’t look so. Happiness is always the main target.(如果你分析人们的行为，你会得出结论，他们都在追求幸福。事实上，每一个行为都是在寻找它，即使表面上看起来不是这样。幸福总是主要目标)”和第二段中“Going to the movies, eating in a restaurant and going to a party are all motivated by the desire to be happy.(看电影、在餐厅吃饭、参加聚会，这些都是出于追求幸福的愿望)”可知，人们所做的许多事情都是为了追求幸福。由此可推断出，从前两段中我们可以了解到，人们做的许多事情都是为了获得幸福。故选A项。 2．词句猜测题。划线词句前文“A thief may steal because he loves the thrill of danger, or because he desires to have quick money to spend.(小偷偷窃可能是因为他喜欢危险带来的刺激，或者是因为他想要迅速赚到钱)”谈论的是小偷进行偷窃的原因，而偷窃是一种非法的行为，从而推知划线词perverted是“非法的”之意，和D项意思相近。故选D项。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段中“According to some spiritual traditions, we are spiritual beings in physical bodies. The spiritual part is always happy. Rather, it is happiness itself. But the physical body covers this happiness essence (本质). There is a constant desire to find out this happiness. This is the reason why happiness is constantly sought.(根据一些精神传统，我们是物质身体中的精神存在。精神部分总是快乐的。相反，它就是幸福本身。但是物质身体掩盖了这种幸福的本质。有一种不断的愿望想找到这种幸福。这就是不断寻求幸福的原因)”可知，我们的精神部分就是幸福本身，但它被物质身体所掩盖，人们没有意识到这一点，没有意识到幸福的本质，所以就一直在寻找幸福。故选C项。 4．主旨大意题。根据第一段“If you analyze people’s actions, you will come to the conclusion that they all seek happiness. Every act is in fact a search for it, even if on the surface it doesn’t look so. Happiness is always the main target.(如果你分析人们的行为，你会得出这样的结论：他们都在寻求幸福。事实上，每一个行为都是在寻找它，即使表面上看起来不是这样。幸福永远是主要目标)”以及纵观全文可知，本篇文章围绕着幸福的本质展开，所以C项“幸福的本质是什么？”是本文最好的标题。故选C项。 （24-25高二上·江苏南通·期中）Failure is a big part of everyone’s life. The problem many of us face, however, is that we automatically equate experiencing failure with being a failure. We view it as something to be ashamed of, or embarrassed about, something to be avoided or hidden. In fact, failure gives us an opportunity to learn, adapt and grow. It should be expected on the way to achieving life goals and used as a feedback mechanism (机制) to get it right next time, or the time after. I recently saw a woman who had to give up studying for her university degree. She had bipolar disorder (躁郁症) and was unable to cope with the pressure of studying. She was studying to be a teacher and had hoped to find a teaching job. However, she failed her exams and job interviews, and overall felt like she was failing to achieve anything. One of the things she enjoyed doing was singing in a band. So in order to earn a bit of money, she began giving singing lessons to children in her community. Fast forward 18 months and she now has her own growing business of teaching singing full-time. She hasn’t achieved this goal in the way she imagined, and she wouldn’t have embarked on this path without the setbacks she encountered. What was it about this woman that made her succeed? Yes, failure had a big part to play, but the ability to bounce back and be flexible was an important factor. An important part of developing flexibility is having a supportive network. Having relationships with people who can support us helps us go through tough times. Our attitudes toward ourselves are also crucially important, including a sense that we are in control of our actions, have confidence in what we do, realize our strengths and set ourselves achievable and realistic goals. This is all necessary to flexibility. The secret to flexibility lies in accepting that there are things in life we cannot change. Rather than thinking of ourselves as victims, we need to realize we have the ability to change the way we think, behave and, ultimately, feel. Life may throw manure (粪肥) at us, but we can grow roses with it. 5．What do people usually think of failure? A．Shameful. B．Unavoidable. C．Changeable. D．Rewarding. 6．What do paragraphs 3-4 mainly talk about? A．Ways to achieve our goals in life. B．Reflection on how to avoid failure. C．Reasons why failure can’t be avoided. D．An example of turning failure into a chance. 7．What does the author think contributes to the woman’s success? A．His positive mindset. B．Her ability to adapt. C．Her eagerness to learn. D．Her courage and persistence. 8．What is the key to being flexible, according to the author? A．Ignoring what bothers us. B．Keeping improving our abilities. C．Learning to accept failure. D．Setting goals based on our interests. 【答案】5．A 6．D 7．B 8．C 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章先提出人们对失败的普遍错误看法，接着通过具体事例阐述失败能转化为机会，进而分析促使成功的因素，最后论述了保持灵活性的关键所在。 5．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“We view it as something to be ashamed of, or embarrassed about, something to be avoided or hidden. (我们认为它是一件值得羞愧或尴尬的事情，一件应该避免或隐藏的事情)”可知，人们通常认为失败是可耻的，故选A项。 6．主旨大意题。根据第三段“I recently saw a woman who had to give up studying for her university degree. She had bipolar disorder (躁郁症) and was unable to cope with the pressure of studying. She was studying to be a teacher and had hoped to find a teaching job. However, she failed her exams and job interviews, and overall felt like she was failing to achieve anything. (我最近看到一位女士不得不放弃攻读大学学位。她患有躁郁症，无法应对学习的压力。她正在学习成为一名教师，并希望找到一份教学工作。然而，她的考试和工作面试都失败了，总的来说，她觉得自己什么都没取得)”及第四段“One of the things she enjoyed doing was singing in a band. So in order to earn a bit of money, she began giving singing lessons to children in her community. Fast forward 18 months and she now has her own growing business of teaching singing full-time. She hasn’t achieved this goal in the way she imagined, and she wouldn’t have embarked on this path without the setbacks she encountered. (她喜欢做的事情之一是在乐队里唱歌。所以为了赚一点钱，她开始在社区里给孩子们上歌唱课。快进18个月，现在她有了自己不断发展的全职教唱歌的生意。她没有以她想象的方式实现这个目标，而且如果没有遇到那些挫折，她也不会走上这条道路)”可知，这两段主要是通过这位女士的例子来说明将失败转化为机会的情况，故选D项。 7．细节理解题。根据第五段“What was it about this woman that made her succeed? Yes, failure had a big part to play, but the ability to bounce back and be flexible was an important factor. (这个女人成功的原因是什么？是的，失败起了很大作用，但恢复能力和灵活性也是一个重要因素)”可知，作者认为这位女士成功的重要因素是她能够恢复过来并且具有灵活性，也就是适应的能力，故选B项。 8．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“The secret to flexibility lies in accepting that there are things in life we cannot change. (灵活性的秘诀在于接受生活中有些事情我们无法改变)”可知，作者认为灵活性的关键在于学会接受生活中我们无法改变的事情，也就是接受失败，故选C项。 （24-25高二上·重庆·期中）My curiosity about body language started with a particular professor from my university. On a brisk morning, as he playfully pointed out my tendency to rub my nose whenever I wove excuses for being late to his lectures, he fascinated me with the gripping notion of “Pinocchio”. Actually, when someone tells a lie, the person’s blood rushes to the nose and the extra blood makes it itchy (发痒的). This little example of non-verbal communication inspired me to become a body language expert. Now, I earn my living by training people in non-verbal communication. Knowing when someone is lying and knowing how to persuade people you’re telling the truth are two of the most important skills you’ll ever learn. I have spent a lot of time studying the ways the human body gives more reliable information than the words we speak. The words say one thing but the body may say something completely different. We know that crossed arms can be seen as either defensive or aggressive, but what about facial expressions, postures and gestures? All of these say a lot and can only be understood if you know how to make sense of the signs. Business clients are always in need of my services and I try to improve their confidence by teaching them about body language. I give advice about handshakes, which should always be firm and steady, and I teach the importance of personal space. They may seem like minor matters, but these codes of behaviour can be the key to making or breaking a business deal. My working life gives me a great deal of satisfaction. I feel that I’m providing a public service, but it is a service that has had its downside. Whenever I meet someone new and I tell them what I do for a living, they immediately put their guard up and they’re no longer relaxed. They quite literally freeze in the attempt to hide all the signals that they think I’m reading. It makes life difficult at times, but I consider it a small price to pay for a job I enjoy so much. 9．What is the purpose of mentioning the author’s professor in the first paragraph? A．To show how humorous his professor was. B．To introduce what the concept of “Pinocchio” is. C．To describe how interesting his university life was. D．To explain what encouraged him to pick his career. 10．What can we infer from the second paragraph? A．Crossed arms always indicate defensiveness. B．Understanding body language requires specific skills. C．Spoken words are more trustworthy than body signals. D．Facial expressions, postures, and gestures convey insignificant information. 11．Why do people act in an unusual way after knowing the author’s occupation? A．They believe he is studying them. B．They consider him aggressive. C．They don’t like his service. D．They are rooted in shock. 12．What does the author think of his job? A．Stable but difficult. B．Flexible but demanding. C．Fulfilling but challenging. D．Innovative but fast-paced. 【答案】9．D 10．B 11．A 12．C 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作为研究肢体语言的专家，作者论述了肢体语言的重要性，并提到这份特别的工作对自己的影响。 9．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“My curiosity about body language started with a particular professor from my university. On a brisk morning, as he playfully pointed out my tendency to rub my nose whenever I wove excuses for being late to his lectures, he fascinated me with the gripping notion of “Pinocchio”. Actually, when someone tells a lie, the person’s blood rushes to the nose and the extra blood makes it itchy (发痒的). This little example of non-verbal communication inspired me to become a body language expert. Now, I earn my living by training people in non-verbal communication.(我对肢体语言的好奇始于我大学里的一位教授。在一个清爽的早晨，他开玩笑地指出，每当我为他上课迟到编借口时，我就会蹭鼻子。他用“匹诺曹”这个扣人心弦的概念吸引了我。事实上，当一个人说谎时，血液会涌到鼻子上，多余的血液会让鼻子发痒。这个非语言交流的小例子激励我成为一名肢体语言专家。现在，我通过培训人们的非语言沟通来谋生)”可知，作者大学时的一位教授从作者的肢体语言中发现了他在撒谎，这激起了作者研究肢体语言的兴趣。由此推知，作者提到教授是为了解释什么鼓励他选择自己的职业。故选D。 10．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“All of these say a lot and can only be understood if you know how to make sense of the signs.(所有这些都说明了很多，只有你知道如何理解这些符号，你才能理解它们)”及本段介绍了一些体态语表示的内容可知，理解肢体语言需要特定的技能。故选B。 11．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Whenever I meet someone new and I tell them what I do for a living, they immediately put their guard up and they’re no longer relaxed. They quite literally freeze in the attempt to hide all the signals that they think I’m reading.(每当我遇到一个新朋友，我告诉他们我是做什么的，他们就会立刻提高警惕，不再放松。他们真的会愣住，试图隐藏他们认为我在读的所有信号)”可知，接触作者的人听说他的职业后会表现得不自然，是因为他们觉得作者会研究他们。故选A。 12．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“My working life gives me a great deal of satisfaction.(我的工作生活给了我很大的满足)”及“It makes life difficult at times, but I consider it a small price to pay for a job I enjoy so much.(这有时会让生活变得困难，但我认为这是为我喜欢的工作付出的小小代价)”可知，作者的工作让作者很有满足感，但有时候会有挑战。故选C。 （24-25高二上·云南昭通·期中）If you had to use one word to define yourself, what would it be? Imagine trying to summarize your entire being in just one word or two — a challenging task indeed. Labels (标签), like “confident” or “creative”, may suggest certain aspects, but they can never fully capture the richness and depth of a person’s character. The biggest issue with labeling people is that it oversimplifies (过度简化) their complex nature. Using labels infers people’s current behavior is fixed, but people change. As they learn, they grow, and someone we think of in a certain way today might not remain the same in a few months or years. When we label people, we deny their complexity, their right to change, and their richness as human beings. Furthermore, labels can become self-fulfilling prophecies (预言). When people are constantly told they are a certain way, they may start to remember these labels and act accordingly. This restricts their potential for growth and development, as they may feel trapped by social expectations. For example, if parents label a child as “annoying” or “a complainer”, the child may feel their needs aren’t important. Over time, being ignored for complaining too much can lead the child to believe that expressing their needs is not acceptable. Consequently, their self-perception (自我认知) may suffer, and they may even start to devalue themselves as a result. Linguist Benjamin Wharf once argued that the words we use to describe what we see are rarely objective, as they carry personal prejudice (偏见). Labels can be harmful because they can reduce individuals to a single characteristic or stereotype. Therefore, we should be mindful of the language we use and the labels we attach to people. By adopting a more open view of life, people, and events, we can appreciate the richness and diversity of human experience, and cope with the complexities of our interconnected world. 13．What is the main problem with labeling people? A．It encourages creativity. B．It oversimplifies people’s complex nature. C．It enhances people’s self-perception. D．It promotes social harmony. 14．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the text? A．Labeling people can capture their complex nature and individuality. B．Labels never affect an individual’s self-perception or behavior. C．Labeling people can prevent people’s potential for growth and development. D．Labels applied to people will remain relevant indefinitely. 15．What does the author suggest in the last paragraph? A．Promoting open-mindedness. B．Using more labels to define people. C．Avoiding any form of communication. D．Sticking strictly to fixed descriptions. 16．Which of the following can be a suitable title for the text? A．The Tricks for Labeling People B．The Exploration of Labeling Humans C．Benjamin Wharf’s Perspective on Language D．Beyond Labels: Embracing the Richness of Human Experience 【答案】13．B 14．C 15．A 16．D 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。本文探讨了给人贴标签的问题，指出标签会过度简化人的复杂性，限制人的成长和发展，甚至影响人的自我认知。文章强调了应该避免给人贴标签，以更开放的心态去欣赏人类的丰富性和多样性。 13．细节理解题。根据文章第二段第一句“The biggest issue with labeling people is that it oversimplifies (过度简化)their complex nature.( 给人贴标签最大的问题是，它过度简化了他们复杂的本性)”可知，给人贴标签的最大问题是它过度简化了人的复杂性。故选B。 14．细节理解题。根据文章第三段第二句“This restricts their potential for growth and development, as they may feel trapped by social expectations.(这限制了他们成长和发展的潜力，因为他们可能感到被社会期望所束缚)”可知，给人贴标签会限制人的成长和发展的潜力，因为他们可能会觉得被社会期望所束缚。因此，C选项“Labeling people can prevent people’s potential for growth and development.(给人贴标签会阻碍人的成长和发展的潜力)”符合题意。故选C。 15．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段最后一句“By adopting a more open view of life, people, and events, we can appreciate the richness and diversity of human experience, and cope with the complexities of our interconnected world.(通过对生活、人和事采取更开放的观点，我们可以欣赏人类经验的丰富性和多样性，并应对我们相互联系的世界的复杂性)”可知，作者建议我们应该采取更开放的心态来看待生活、人和事件，这样我们才能欣赏到人类经验的丰富性和多样性，并应对我们相互关联世界的复杂性。因此，A选项“Promoting open-mindedness.(提倡开放心态)”符合题意。故选A。 16．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段最后一句“Labels (标签 ), like “confident” or “creative”, may suggest certain aspects, but they can never fully capture the richness and depth of a person’s character.(诸如“自信”或“有创造力”之类的标签可能会暗示某些方面，但它们永远无法完全捕捉到一个人性格的丰富性和深度)”和文章整体内容可知，文章主要讨论了给人贴标签的问题，强调了标签无法完全捕捉人的丰富性和深度，以及应该避免给人贴标签，以更开放的心态去欣赏人类的丰富性和多样性。因此，D选项“Beyond Labels: Embracing the Richness of Human Experience(超越标签：拥抱人类经验的丰富性)”是最合适的标题。故选D。 （24-25高二上·广东·期中）A teacher teaches stay-at-home mothers how to make cakes at a vocational school in Changle district, Fuzhou, capital of southeast China’s Fujian Province. Jobs tailored for mothers who are still of working age and have children aged 12 and below are helping them overcome re-employment difficulties to some extent and strike a balance between work and model that has been widely care of their kids. This is an employment model that has been widely popular with stay-at-home mothers across China. Pi Rongjie, whose child is 4 years old, works for an LED factory near her child’s kindergarten in Jing’ an county, Yichun city, east China’s Jiangxi Province. Unlike her colleagues on the company’s other production lines, mothers working under this model including Pi can clock in half an hour later and finish a day between 5p. m. and 6 p. m. In addition to providing flexible working hours, some regions are optimizing (优化) the working environment and model to better help young mothers through measures such as allowing them to take their children to the workplace and setting up community-based workshops for them. Moreover, organizations such as women’s federations should keep close contact with mothers working under this model, safeguard their legitimate (合法的) rights and interests, listen to the views of employers, and improve mechanisms for labor dispute mediation (调解) to ensure the healthy development of this flexible employment model. Meanwhile, the development of some new business models in China such as livestreaming e-commerce has brought more options for mothers seeking flexible employment. For example, positions for mothers including operational staff, live streamers, and customer service staff allow them to work from home. 17．What is the purpose of Paragraph 1? A．To stress the importance of teachers. B．To state the process of the teaching. C．To introduce the topic of the text. D．To give an example of the job model. 18．What does the underlined words “clock in” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A．working overtime. B．setting the clock. C．checking in. D．getting to work. 19．What is stressed in paragraph 4? A．Opinions shared by some regions and organizations. B．Working environment some places are optimizing. C．Requirements made by the employees. D．Measures taken to promote the working condition. 20．What might the author continue talking about? A．Other examples of flexible jobs for mothers. B．Jobs tailored for mothers popular in China. C．Different comments made on livestreaming. D．The achievements made by the e-commerce. 【答案】17．C 18．D 19．D 20．A 【导语】本文是说明文。文章讲述为带孩子的妈妈们量身定制的工作在中国很受欢迎。 17．推理判断题。第一段“ A teacher teaches stay-at-home mothers how to make cakes at a vocational school in Changle district, Fuzhou, capital of southeast China's Fujian Province.(在中国东南部福建省省会福州市长乐区的一所职业学校，一名老师正在教全职妈妈们如何做蛋糕。)”可知，第一段描写的场景是为了引出文章的主题“帮助在家带娃的妈妈再就业”。故选C。 18．词句猜测题。根据第三段中的“mothers working under this model including Pi can clock in half an hour later and finish a day between 5p. m. and 6 p. m.(在这种模式下工作的母亲们，包括Pi ，可以晚半小时clock in，在下午5点到下午6点之间完成一天的工作。)”和第四段“flexible employment model(灵活就业模式)”可推知，与她在公司其他生产线上的同事不同，在这种模式下工作的母亲们，包括Pi，可以晚半小时打卡。所以clock in是“上班打卡”的意思。故选D。 19．主旨大意题。根据第四段“In addition to providing flexible working hours, some regions are optimizing (优化) the working environment and model to better help young mothers through measures such as allowing them to take their children to the workplace and setting up community-based workshops for them. Moreover, organizations such as women’s federations should keep close contact with mothers working under this model, safeguard their legitimate (合法的) rights and interests, listen to the views of employers, and improve mechanisms for labor dispute mediation (调解) to ensure the healthy development of this flexible employment model.(除了提供灵活的工作时间外，一些地区正在优化工作环境和模式，通过允许年轻母亲带孩子去工作场所和为她们设立社区讲习班等措施，更好地帮助年轻母亲。此外，妇联等组织应密切联系灵活就业模式下的母亲，维护其合法权益，听取用人单位意见，完善劳动争议调解机制，确保灵活就业模式的健康发展。)”可知，本段主要提及为推动这种就业模式所采取的措施。故选D。 20．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Meanwhile, the development of some new business models in China such as livestreaming e-commerce has brought more options for mothers seeking flexible employment. For example, positions for mothers including operational staff, livestreamers, and customer service staff allow them to work from home.(与此同时，中国一些新商业模式的发展，如直播电子商务，为寻求灵活就业的妈妈们带来了更多选择。例如，包括运营人员、直播员和客户服务人员在内的母亲职位允许她们在家工作。)”可知，接下来作者会谈论其它的灵活就业岗位的例子。故选A。 （24-25高二上·湖北武汉·期中）I wanted to buy something today - until I figured out the cost versus the benefit. At that point I knew it was a completely stupid idea. What I wanted to buy was an older car to have in addition to my four-year-old Smart Car that I absolutely like. So you wonder, why would I want to have another car as well? The reason is - grandkids. I have several and in the Smart Car I can only have one passenger (It’s a two-seater). Besides, one of my daughters-in-law does not trust the Smart Car as a vehicle for her daughter Lily to ride in, so that’s one little girl I can’t take anywhere at all. My husband also has a car - and a truck. So that’s why I had the stupid idea to buy an old Toyota I found on the lot of an honest used car salesman. Thank heavens I came to my senses before I spent $8000 to buy it, $80 or so to license it and probably $500 to insure it for a year. It would be senseless to buy that car. My grandkids just have to continue to come with me one by one. I can’t take two girls out to lunch or two girls shopping or pick up the brother and sister that live in the same house. As for the little one that’s not allowed to ride with me…well, Grandpa will have to pick her up. As for me, I didn’t get money in my savings account by being totally stupid. Sure, doing things with the kids is fun, but spending that kind of money to put two or more of them in a group - which would probably drive me crazy anyway - is really dumb. Sometimes temptation can prove that you still have a little sense. 21．What can we know about the author’s grandkid Lily? A．She refused to stay with her grandma. B．She thought it was dangerous to sit in a Smart Car. C．She was always picked up by her mom. D．She was not allowed to take her grandma’s car. 22．Why did the author give up the idea of buying the Toyota? A．It was a used car. B．She couldn’t afford it. C．The salesman was unreliable. D．There was no need for it. 23．What does the underlined word “dumb” in paragraph 4 mean? A．Difficult. B．reasonable. C．stupid. D．amazing. 24．What can be the best title of the text? A．Look before you leap. B．Better late than never. C．Don’t judge a book by its cover. D．Every advantage has its disadvantage. 【答案】21．D 22．D 23．C 24．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在想要买车时，因考虑到买车后的利与弊而最终放弃买车的故事。 21．细节理解题。根据第二段“Besides, one of my daughters-in-law does not trust the Smart Car as a vehicle for her daughter Lily to ride in, so that’s one little girl I can’t take anywhere at all. (此外，我的一个儿媳不相信Smart Car是她女儿Lily乘坐的交通工具，所以我根本无法带她去任何地方)”可知Lily的妈妈不允许她乘坐奶奶的车。故选D。 22．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Thank heavens I came to my senses before I spent $8000 to buy it, $80 or so to license it and probably $500 to insure it for a year. It would be senseless to buy that car. (谢天谢地，在我花8000美元买它，花80美元左右买它的许可证，大概花500美元买一年的保险之前，我醒悟过来了。买那辆车是愚蠢的)”以及下文的解释可知作者认为没有必要买那辆车，故选D。 23．词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Sure, doing things with the kids is fun, but spending that kind of money to put two or more of them in a group - which would probably drive me crazy anyway (当然，和孩子们一起做事很有趣，但花那么多钱让两个或更多的孩子组成一个小组——这可能会让我发疯)”所以可推断出作者认为这样做是愚蠢的，故dumb意为“愚蠢的”，和stupid同义，故选C。 24．主旨大意题。根据全文的讲述可知，本文主要描写了作者在冲动下想要买一辆根本不需要的二手车时，经过思考，幡然醒悟的过程，故A选项“Look before you leap. (三思而后行。)”符合文章主旨大意，是文章的最佳标题。故选A。 （24-25高二上·浙江温州·期中）There has been a battle raging in my living room — a deep-rooted standoff that began when I was a child of about nine. That is the age I was when my parents purchased a second-hand piano to support my continuing musical training. Some may characterize it as a love-hate relationship, even though I believe the bond between us is more than that. Of course, on the “hate” side there were plenty of frustrating hours spent practicing, the forced performances for relatives, the trimmed fingernails. And the responsibility I had to shoulder, as my family sacrificed a lot for me to have piano lessons, because I had talent. My teachers said so and, truthfully, my heart said so, too. But all too often it felt like a burden. There was also love on that piano bench. There were times when I could feel the music ring through me. I could feel it vibrate through my fingers. The connection between two people when performing a duet was beautiful. When my music landed on my audience it made me want to play forever. But my musical talent did not survive my teenage years. It was no competition for the freedom I sought and eventually fought for. When I had a home of my own, the piano mostly sat unloved or at least unused, feeling fingers on the keys only during Christmas and when my own children took piano lessons. I know every inch of this piano. I spent years of my life in front of this piano. Awaiting my free will to ripen enough to release me from lessons. Awaiting my life to begin. Awaiting my mother to leave the room so I could secretly read my book while practicing scales. It feels like I am giving away the family pet. So here I sit playing my last tune before the movers take the piano away and surprisingly there lies a growing desire for something else. It is time to clear the air to let in a different melody. Time to say, “Thank you for being part of my life,” take a bow and leave the stage… with one final note rising up alongside the dust in a sunbeam. 25．What does the underlined word in paragraph 1 mean? A．Conflict. B．Challenge. C．Relationship. D．Understanding. 26．Why did the author feel frustrated about playing piano? A．She lacked the talent in playing the piano. B．She had to give up activities she enjoyed. C．She felt burdened because of the responsibility. D．She couldn’t express her emotions through music. 27．What can we learn about the author in paragraph 5? A．The author looked forward to growing up. B．The piano took away the author’s freedom. C．The author made a great effort to learn piano. D．The author preferred reading to playing the piano. 28．What is the most suitable title for the passage? A．A Farewell to My Piano. B．Challenges of Playing the Piano. C．Love and Responsibility in Music. D．Reflection on My Musical Journey. 【答案】25．A 26．C 27．B 28．A 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己和一架钢琴之间的爱恨情仇，决定要把它处理掉时的心情非常复杂。 25．词句猜测题。本句是文章主题句。根据第二段中“Some may characterize it as a love-hate relationship, even though I believe the bond between us is more than that. Of course, on the “hate” side there were plenty of frustrating hours spent practicing, the forced performances for relatives, the trimmed fingernails.(有些人可能会把它描述为爱恨情仇，尽管我相信我们之间的关系不止于此。当然，在“讨厌”的一面，有很多令人沮丧的练习时间，强迫为亲戚表演，修剪指甲)”及第三段中“There was also love on that piano bench.(钢琴凳上也有爱)”可知，作者对这架二手钢琴的情感是矛盾的，既有爱又有恨，由此可知划线词词义为“冲突、矛盾”，故选A项。 26．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Of course, on the ‘hate’ side there were plenty of frustrating hours spent practicing, the forced performances for relatives, the trimmed fingernails. And the responsibility I had to shoulder, as my family sacrificed a lot for me to have piano lessons, because I had talent. My teachers said so and, truthfully, my heart said so, too. But all too often it felt like a burden.(当然，在“讨厌”的一面，有很多令人沮丧的练习时间，强迫为亲戚表演，修剪指甲。还有我必须承担的责任，我的家人为了我上钢琴课牺牲了很多，因为我有天赋。我的老师是这么说的，说实话，我的内心也是这么说的。但很多时候，这感觉像是一种负担)”可知，作者是因为有了这架钢琴，多了很多责任，觉得很有负担，所以对此感到沮丧。故选C项。 27．推理判断题。根据第五段“I know every inch of this piano. I spent years of my life in front of this piano. Awaiting my free will to ripen enough to release me from lessons. Awaiting my life to begin. Awaiting my mother to leave the room so I could secretly read my book while practicing scales.(我对这架钢琴了如指掌。我在这架钢琴前度过了那么多年。等待我的自由意志成熟到足以让我从教训中解脱出来。等待我的生活开始。等着妈妈离开房间，这样我就可以一边练音阶一边偷偷看书)”可知，作者认为练钢琴占据了自己很多时间，剥夺了自己做自己喜欢做的事情的自由。故选B项。 28．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“It feels like I am giving away the family pet. So here I sit playing my last tune before the movers take the piano away and surprisingly there lies a growing desire for something else.(感觉就像我把家里的宠物送人了。所以，在搬家公司把钢琴搬走之前，我坐在这里弹奏最后一首曲子，令人惊讶的是，我越来越想要别的东西)”可知，作者回顾了多年来对这架钢琴的复杂情感，最后表示要把钢琴处理掉了。所以A Farewell to My Piano.最适合作题目，farewell意为“告别，再见”。故选A项。 （24-25高二上·湖北·期中）We’ve all had that restless feeling, that urge to be doing something — anything — other than what we’re doing right now. It’s boredom. Boredom doesn’t just color (影响) the time spent sitting in waiting rooms or watching dull television shows. It can also come into the larger patterns of our lives, such as our jobs and relationships. And it brings a message. Just like pain. Pain is your body’s way of telling you that something is wrong, and that you need to do something about it. Boredom is telling you that what you’re doing is not a good fit for the mental or emotional resources you have at that moment. You may have heard that boredom increases creativity, and some research seems to suggest that it does. But more recent research has called the idea into question, says Andreas Elpidorou, author of Propelled: How Boredom, Frustration, and Anticipation Lead Us to the Good Life. A 2016 study found that boredom probably does not generate creativity. Practice does. In fact, the study found that in many cases, boredom damaged fluency in creative tasks. However, there may be a connection between boredom and creativity. Elpidorou points out that you can respond to boredom in creative ways. And that gets us to what may be the most important fact about boredom: Whether it’s helpful or harmful depends on how you respond to it. When that anxious feeling crops up, it’s easy to immediately reach for your phone and start scrolling (滚动) on social media, or worse. Individuals who are prone (易受...影响的) to boredom are more likely to abuse drugs and alcohol, according to some research. On the other hand, boredom can push you toward more meaningful tasks, says Elpidorou. When boredom strikes, you might call a friend you haven’t heard from in a while, go for a walk or to the gym, or pick up your guitar and play that tune you’ve been working on. The trick, of course, is to pay attention to that boredom alert and make a conscious decision about how to respond. 29．What do “pain” and “boredom” have in common? A．They initiate a need for change. B．They relates to large patterns of life. C．They reflect similar mental problems. D．They’re signs of physical harm. 30．What might the recent research have discovered? A．Boredom enhances creativity. B．Creativity arises from practice. C．Boredom affects cultural exchange. D．Creative tasks improve quality of life. 31．What strategies might Elpidorou recommend to fight boredom? A．Engaging in social media scrolling. B．Replacing boredom with drug abuse. C．Pursuing more meaningful activities. D．Ignoring the urge to avoid boredom. 32．Which is the best title of the text? A．The Essence of Boredom. B．Creativity and Boredom. C．Keeping Boredom at Bay. D．Turning Boredom into Treasure. 【答案】29．A 30．B 31．C 32．D 【导语】这是一篇议论文。主要探讨了无聊的本质及其影响，无聊像疼痛一样传递改变的信号。它可能阻碍创造力，但若正确应对，无聊可以推动人们追求更有意义的活动。 29．推理判断题。根据第一段中“Pain is your body’s way of telling you that something is wrong, and that you need to do something about it. Boredom is telling you that what you’re doing is not a good fit for the mental or emotional resources you have at that moment.(疼痛是身体告诉你某些地方出了问题，并需要采取行动的方式。无聊则是在告诉你，你所做的事情与当下的心理或情感状态不相符)”可知，无聊和疼痛的共同点在于它们都传递了需要改变的信号，可推知无聊和疼痛引发了改变的需求。故选A项。 30．细节理解题。根据第二段中“A 2016 study found that boredom probably does not generate creativity. Practice does. (2016年的一项研究发现，无聊可能不会产生创造力，但实践会)”可知无聊不会直接带来创造力，而是实践起到了作用，因此创造力来自实践。故选B项。 31．细节理解题。根据第四段中“On the other hand, boredom can push you toward more meaningful tasks, says Elpidorou. (另一方面，无聊可以促使你去做更有意义的事情，Elpidorou说道)”可知Elpidorou可能会推荐用追求更有意义的活动来对抗无聊。故选C项。 32．主旨大意题。根据第三段中“However, there may be a connection between boredom and creativity. (然而，无聊和创造力之间可能确实存在某种联系)”以及第四段中“On the other hand, boredom can push you toward more meaningful tasks, says Elpidorou. (另一方面，无聊也可以推动你去完成更有意义的任务，Elpidorou说道)”并结合通读全文可知，文章主要探讨了无聊的本质及其影响，无聊像疼痛一样传递改变的信号。它可能阻碍创造力，但若正确应对，无聊可以推动人们追求更有意义的活动。D项“Turning Boredom into Treasure (将无聊变成财富)”具有高度概括性，符合主旨。故选D项。 （24-25高二上·江苏南通·期中）From what color to paint the kitchen to the origin of a famous quote, or even something as small as what to have for dinner, I loved to argue about what was right. Day or night, I was ready to argue with whoever was unlucky enough to strike up a conversation with me. My challengers included my children, my wife, friends and even strangers. This habit had often caused trouble in my family. There were moments when my marriage became tense and my kids grew distant. The longest fight I had was with my parents, and it dragged on for nearly a year. Even small disagreements had the potential to blow up. One afternoon, I was playing a board game with my granddaughter when she made a move that broke the rules. I corrected her, but she ended up making the same mistake again. I read the rules out loud and asked if she got it this time. She smiled at me and shook her head. “Grandpa. why are you so hyped (微动的)?” she asked. “It’s just a game. We’re here to have fun, aren’t we?” Something about her words really hit home. We weren’t there to be right; we were there to enjoy ourselves. What truly mattered was our bond and the moments we shared. My drive to win hadn’t really been about seeking the truth, but about showing I was better than everyone else. I wanted people to see me as the most capable person in the room. What I came to realize was that my behavior was having the opposite effect. I was gaining no respect or appreciation by doing this. And the more I practiced, the better I mastered the art of keeping quiet. What I could never have anticipated was just how much my overall happiness would improve by simply listening calmly to others without interrupting. It taught me a newfound tolerance of difference. When I don’t agree with someone, a neutral response such as “Who knows? Maybe.” can work, too. 33．What can we say about the author in the past? A．He disliked socializing with others. B．He often drew lessons from discussions. C．He was very defensive about his weakness. D．He was fond of arguing over right and wrong. 34．What’s the surrounding people’s attitude towards the author’s habit? A．Unconcerned. B．Annoyed. C．Supportive. D．Tolerant. 35．What happened to the author after a game with his granddaughter? A．He stopped seeking the truth. B．He began to reflect on his behavior. C．He lost interest in playing any games. D．He became more unforgiving afterwards. 36．What can we infer from the author’s experience? A．Facts speak louder than words. B．Winning turns out all that counts. C．Arguing strengthens emotional bonds. D．Listening creates harmony with others. 【答案】33．D 34．B 35．B 36．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是作者过去喜欢与人争论对错，这种行为给家庭关系带来了紧张，但在与孙女的游戏中受到启发，意识到真正重要的是亲情和共享的时刻，而非争论胜负。 33．细节理解题。根据第一段“From what color to paint the kitchen to the origin of a famous quote, or even something as small as what to have for dinner, I loved to argue about what was right.(从厨房该涂什么颜色到一句名言的出处，甚至是晚餐吃什么这样的小事，我都喜欢争论什么是对的)”可知，过去的作者喜欢争论对错。故选D。 34．推理判断题。根据第二段“This habit had often caused trouble in my family. There were moments when my marriage became tense and my kids grew distant.(这个习惯经常给我的家庭带来麻烦。有时候，我的婚姻变得紧张，我的孩子们变得疏远)”和“Even small disagreements had the potential to blow up.(即使是很小的分歧也有爆发的可能)”可知，周围的人对作者的习惯感到生气。故选B。 35．细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“Something about her words really hit home. We weren’t there to be right; we were there to enjoy ourselves. What truly mattered was our bond and the moments we shared.(她的话中有些东西击中了要害。我们的存在不是为了证明自己是对的；我们在那里玩得很开心。真正重要的是我们之间的纽带和我们分享的时刻)”可知，作者在和孙女玩了一场游戏之后开始反思自己的行为。故选B。 36．推理判断题。根据最后一段“What I could never have anticipated was just how much my overall happiness would improve by simply listening calmly to others without interrupting.(我从未预料到，仅仅通过冷静地倾听他人而不打断，我的整体幸福感会提升这么多)”可知，从作者的经历中我们可以推断出倾听能与他人和谐相处。故选D。 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 1 / 15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$