Unit 1 Period 6 Developing ideas—Reading comprehension-【步步高】2023-2024学年高一英语必修第三册（外研版2019）

Period 6　Developing ideas—Reading comprehension Ⅰ.匹配单词 1．annoyed　　 A．to make sure that something happens 2．adjust B．to give or to be a good reason for something 3．ensure C．slightly angry 4．forgive D．to express disapproval of someone or something；to say what you do not like or think is wrong 5．criticise E．not influenced or controlled in any way by other people，events，or things 6．justify F．to stop blaming or feeling angry with someone who has done something to harm，annoy or upset you 7．independent G．to change something slightly，especially to make it more correct，effective， or suitable 答案　1.C　2.G　3.A　4.F　5.D　6.B　7.E Ⅱ.选词填空 1．To what extent do you rely on teams to get things done in your organization? 2．I will make this radio work，even if I have to stay up all night to do it. 3．Lucy was always diligent so it was not by accident that she got the first place in the exam. 4．No wonder he is annoyed—we shouldn’t have hidden the truth from him. 5．Delicate plants in the garden should be protected from cold，wind and frost. Step 1　速读——整体理解文意 Ⅰ.明文章大意 What does the passage mainly discuss? A．The functions of white lies. B．The reasons and results of white lies. C．What white lies are about. D．What white lies may bring us. 答案　B Ⅱ.悉层次结构 Read and find out the structure of the passage. Part 1：Para(s).1－2　 The introduction to the topic. Part 2：Para(s).3－7　 The reasons for telling white lies. Part 3：Para(s).8　 The results of white lies. Step 2　细读——逐段获取细节 Ⅰ.Read Paras.1－2 carefully and do the following exercises. 1．What is the function of the first paragraph? A．To introduce the topic of the whole passage. B．To deepen the understanding of white lies. C．To remind the readers of the damage of white lies. D．To analyze why people like telling white lies. 答案　A 2．What can we learn from paragraph 2? A．Being honest means you are valuable. B．We tell lies so as to protect others. C．Honest men say they never tell lies. D．White lies have a kind original intention. 答案　D Ⅱ.Read Paras.3－7 carefully and do the following exercises. 1．Which is not the reason why we tell a white lie? A．To try to make others feel better. B．To give encouragement. C．To deceive others. D．To protect others from bad news. 答案　C 2．Why do we say the food is “delicious” although we don’t like it? A．To show respect for the host. B．To give encouragement. C．To try to make others feel better. D．To protect others from bad news. 答案　C 3．When asked “Do I look good in this dress？” at a party，a woman replies “Yes，you look lovely！”，but in fact she really thinks it looks awful.Why does she say so? A．To comfort others. B．To give encouragement. C．To protect herself from the disappointment and anger of others. D．To protect others from bad news. 答案　C Ⅲ.Read Para.8 and do the following exercises. 1．Conclusion：Even white lies may have results we cannot predict.So we should not tell lies even if they are white lies.Honesty is an important value and lying is wrong. 2．What can we infer from the last paragraph? A．Telling white lies is reasonable. B．White lies may have consequences we can’t predict. C．We should comfort our friends with white lies. D．The majority of us will tell a white lie. 答案　B Ⅳ.Read the whole passage again and do the following exercises. 1．What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage? A．To introduce what a white lie is. B．To tell us a white lie is always necessary. C．To inform white lies and persuade us to be honest. D．To give us some examples about telling lies. 答案　C 2．What is the author’s attitude towards “telling white lies”？ A．Approving. B．Disapproving. C．Cautious. D．Neutral. 答案　B 3．How does this passage mainly develop? A．By giving examples and analyzing examples. B．By following the order of time. C．By analyzing cause and effect. D．By listing numbers. 答案　A 4．Which of the following is NOT true according to the text? A．Lying is wrong，but everyone has told a lie. B．We tell white lies to protect others from the truth. C．Telling a white lie can not only make others feel better but give encouragement. D．Telling a white lie is bound to cause a bad effect. 答案　D Step 3　读后——讨论深度理解 1．Voice your opinions about Little White Lies.(Critical thinking) 2．What do you think is the difference between a lie and a white lie？(Creative thinking) Step 4　总结——课文语法填空 We all know that honesty is an important value and that 1.lying(lie) is wrong,2.but sometimes we tell white lies to protect others from the truth.There are three main reasons for telling white lies.First，white lies can make others feel 3.better(good)．When we lie and say someone’s haircut looks good，we are in fact lying to protect ourselves from the 4.disappointment(disappoint) and anger of others.Another reason is 5.to give(give) encouragement.For example，when you 6.are asked(ask) what you think of his singing by your friend，you of course will say it is wonderful，despite secretly thinking that your cat can sing better.In fact，perhaps your friend needs some frank 7.comments(comment)．Finally，we may also tell a white lie when we want to protect others from bad news.If you 8.have had(have) a bad day，you might hide your tears and lie that your day was “fine” so that your parents wouldn’t worry about you.9.However，wouldn’t it be better to respect their concern for you and ask for their advice？One day we may find even white lies have results we cannot know 10.in advance. Step 5　解读——长句难句分析 1．We all know that honesty is an important value and that lying is wrong，but who can honestly say that they’ve never told a lie? [句式分析]　此句为but连接的并列复合句。第一个分句包含并列连词and连接的两个that引导的宾语从句，第一个that可以(可以/不可以)省略，第二个that不可以(可以/不可以)省略；but后面的句子中包含that引导的宾语从句。 [自主翻译]　我们都知道诚实是一项重要品质，也知道说谎是不对的，但是谁又能诚实地说自己从未说过谎呢？ 2．Perhaps we comfort ourselves with the knowledge that most of the lies we tell are “white lies”：little lies that we tell to protect others from the truth. [句式分析]　此句为复合句。句中第一个that引导的是同位语从句，用来解释前面的名词knowledge；we tell是省略了which或that的定语从句，修饰前面的名词短语most of the lies；冒号后面的内容作同位语，说明“white lies”的含义；that we tell...truth是定语从句，修饰前面的名词短语little lies。 [自主翻译]　也许我们会这样来安慰自己：我们所说的大部分谎言都是“善意的谎言”——我们为了保护他人免受真相伤害而说的小谎言。 3．Stop for a moment and consider that perhaps your friend wants some frank comments from you so that they can improve. [句式分析]　这是由并列连词and连接的两个并列的祈使句。第二个祈使句中，that引导的是宾语从句；so that引导的是目的状语从句，相当于in order that，汉语意思是“为了；以便”。 [自主翻译]　停下来想一想，也许你的朋友就是想从你那儿得到一些坦诚的意见，以便他们改进和提高。 4．Going back to Walter Scott’s lines，we may find even white lies have results we cannot know in advance. [句式分析]　此句为复合句。Going back to Walter Scott’s lines是现在分词短语作状语；find后面是一个省略了that的宾语从句；we cannot know in advance是省略了that/which的定语从句，修饰先行词results。 [自主翻译]　回到沃尔特·司各特的诗句，我们可能会发现，即使是善意的谎言，也会带来无法预知的后果。 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A For most people，life is never easy.That’s especially true for high school students. Not only do you have the stress and worry of schoolwork to deal with，you also have many problems of daily life to face.Take the relationship you have with your parents for example. When you were at primary school，your parents were probably your heroes.Whatever they did and whatever they said were always so interesting and funny，but as you grew older it’s likely that you and your parents began to grow apart from each other.Their jokes began to sound awkward，and the last thing you’d want to do is to walk in the park holding hands with them.This is just one of the natural parts of growing older. Life has many difficult stages，but the teenage years are probably the ones that are filled with the most problems.As this is the time of life when we begin to turn into adults，lots of new issues arise. Now，you can’t just rely on your parents to do everything for you—you must be responsible for yourself and your own actions.At the same time，as your body begins to develop，problems arise that you never knew existed.Things like being worried about how you look in front of others soon become daily concerns. While all this is happening，you have to plan for your future.As you come to the end of your school years，you have to make some really big decisions. So yes—being a teenager is really challenging，and you probably have varieties of questions that need answers to.How do you decide whether you should follow the wishes of your parents，or your own？Which career is the most suitable to you and your background? 1．Who is the passage written for? A．Parents. B．Teachers. C．High school students. D．Graduates from university. 答案　C 解析　读者对象题。根据第一段第二句“That’s especially true for high school students.”可知，这篇文章是写给高中生的。故选C。 2．From the example of relationship between “you” and “your parents”，what can we know? A．You and your parents begin to grow apart. B．Your parents couldn’t tell interesting stories any more. C．You only want to walk in the park with your friends. D．You are having many difficulties of daily life to deal with. 答案　D 解析　推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知，文章以“你”和“你父母”之间的关系为例是为了证明“你”在日常生活中也有很多问题需要处理，因此，从这个例子中我们可以了解到这一点。故选D。 3．If there is another paragraph，what will be talked about? A．More questions for teenagers. B．The ways to deal with common questions. C．The relationship between you and your parents. D．Other questions in your new life. 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段最后两句可知，文章最后提出两个问题：你如何决定你应该听从父母的意愿，还是听从自己的意愿？哪种职业最适合你和你的背景？，由此可推断，如果文章再有一段的话，应该给出处理以上常见问题的方法。故选B。 4．What’s the main idea of the passage? A．Life isn’t easy for most people. B．A new chapter of your life. C．Many difficulties make your life harder. D．Parents are not the ones that you can depend on. 答案　B 解析　主旨大意题。根据第二段第一句“Not only do you have the stress and worry of schoolwork to deal with，you also have many problems of daily life to face.”可知，这篇文章主要是向高中生介绍他们进入高中之后将会面临的各种问题，而对于高中生来说，这些问题也属于他们人生新篇章的一部分，B项“你人生的新篇章”最能概括全文内容，故选B。 B Students perform less well in final exams if smartphones are allowed in class，for non-academic(非学业的) purposes in lectures，a new study in Educational Psychology finds.Students who don’t use smartphones themselves but attend lectures where their use is acceptable also do worse，suggesting that smartphone use damages the group learning environment. Researchers from Rutgers University in the US performed an in-class experiment to test whether dividing attention between smartphones and the lecturer during the class affected students’ performance in within-lecture tests and a final exam.118 students at Rutgers University took part in the experiment during one term of their course.Smartphones were not allowed in half of the lectures and allowed in the other half.When smartphones were allowed，students were asked to record whether they had used them for non-academic purposes during the lecture. The study found that having a smartphone didn’t lower students’ scores in comprehension tests within lectures，but it did lower scores in the final exam by at least 5%，or half a grade.This finding shows for the first time that the main effect of divided attention in the classroom is on the length of time in keeping memory，with fewer things of a study task later remembered.In addition，when the use of smartphones was allowed in class，performance was also poorer for students who did not use them as well as for those who did. The study’s lead author，Professor Arnold Glass，added：“These findings should alarm students and teachers that dividing attention is having a not obvious but harmful effect that is damaging their exam performance and final grade.To help manage the use of smartphones in the classroom，teachers should explain to students the alarming effect—not only for themselves，but for the whole class.” This is the first-ever study in an actual classroom showing a relationship between losing attention from smartphones and exam performance.However，more researches are required to see how students are affected by using smartphones after school. 语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。美国罗格斯大学的一项实验发现，课堂上允许携带智能手机会影响学生的学习成绩。 5．What is the purpose of paragraph 1? A．To present the main findings of the experiment. B．To explain how the experiment was carried out. C．To give details about the result of the experiment. D．To suggest what should be done for teachers and students. 答案　A 解析　写作意图题。根据第一段中“Students perform less well in final exams...a new study in Educational Psychology finds.”可知，教育心理学的一项新的研究发现，如果在课堂上允许(学生)为了非学业的目的，使用手机，学生期末考试中的表现就会更差。这是这项实验的主要发现，故选A。第一段没有涉及实验是如何进行的也没有提到对老师和学生有什么建议，可排除B和D项；第一段对实验结果的介绍不是很详细，可排除C项。 6．What can we learn from the experiment about having a smartphone in class? A．It had no bad effect if students do not use them. B．It caused an average 5% drop in students’ scores. C．It made it harder for students to keep things in mind. D．It had a bad effect on students’ performance in all tests. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段第二句可知，(手机)在课堂上分散注意力，这种情况的主要影响在于(它影响学生)保持记忆的时间长短，学生记住的学习任务也更少，也就是学生更难记住东西，故选C。 7．What’s Professor Glass’ attitude towards using smartphones in class? A．He was against it. B．He was in favor of it. C．He cared little about it. D．He doubted the findings. 答案　A 解析　观点态度题。根据第四段中Glass教授说的话可知，他认为这项实验的发现应该给学生和老师敲响警铃，他说注意力分散会产生不明显但有害的影响，会损害他们考试成绩和最终成绩。老师们应该向学生们解释在课堂上使用手机的后果。由此可见Glass教授认为在课堂上使用手机是有害的，他对此持反对态度。故选A。 8．What is the research team likely to do next? A．To find out ways to improve students’ memory. B．To call on schools to ban smartphones completely. C．To study the influence of using smartphones after class. D．To do researches on focusing attention in actual classrooms. 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“However，more researches are required to see how students are affected by using smartphones after school.”可知，作者认为还需要更多的研究来了解学生们放学后使用智能手机的影响。所以研究团队下一步可能会研究学生们放学后使用智能手机的影响，故选C。 C We often hear honesty is the best policy，and no one likes to be called a liar.But is dishonesty always wrong？Not necessarily. According to psychologists，there are two types of lies：lies that help your relationships and the people around you are called pro-social lies；and lies that hurt them are called antisocial lies. How often have you clicked “Like” on Wechat Moment，not because you actually like what your friends posted，but because you want to show your support？This white lie is an example of a pro-social lie.But people who tell lies on social networks to make their own lives seem more exciting，or to make others jealous，this is antisocial lying. Workplace lies range from harmless lies to destructive untruthful statements.An example of a pro-social workplace lie is complimenting someone on their presentation—even though it was only average—because you know they were nervous beforehand.In this case your intention is simply to protect your colleague’s feelings.However，people sometimes tell bigger lies at work for the purpose of avoiding blame or to stay on the boss’s good side.These are antisocial lies.They are antisocial because your boss is likely to discover the truth and as a result，will probably stop trusting you. Lying is also a significant part of the natural world.So it’s little wonder we resort to it almost reflexively.Human babies sometimes pretend to cry，check to see if anyone is listening，and then start crying again.By the age of five，children learn to say things that are completely untrue，and most nine-year-olds have mastered keeping secrets to protect themselves. Lying can be incredibly harmful to our relationships and to the people around us.But that’s only true for antisocial lies.Pro-social lies have the opposite effect—they can actually help us. 语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了两种谎言以及它们的不同之处和影响，指出让人感觉良好有时比说出绝对的真相更重要。 9．What may help us tell a pro-social lie from an antisocial lie? A．The purpose it serves. B．The way it is told. C．The occasion where it is told. D．The people it is told to. 答案　A 解析　推理判断题。根据第二、三段内容可推知，撒谎行为的目的可以帮助我们区分有利于社会的谎言和反社会的谎言。故选A。 10．What does the underlined phrase “resort to” in paragraph 5 mean? A．Admit to. B．Turned to. C．Show respect to D．Look forward to. 答案　B 解析　词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“Lying is also a significant part of the natural world.”以及后文“Human babies sometimes pretend to cry，check to see if anyone is listening，and then start crying again.”可知，撒谎是人的本能行为，所以人们求助于谎言来解决问题也不足为奇，故resort to的意思是“求助于”。故选B。 11．Which statement is supported by the passage? A．We usually tell pro-social lies to protect our own feelings. B．Lying always hurts both the liar and the person being lied to. C．Lying on social media is pro-social，but face-to-face lying isn’t. D．Sometimes，making people feel good outweighs telling the absolute truth. 答案　D 解析　推理判断题。根据第四段第二、三句以及最后一段可推知，文章支持D项“有时，让人感觉良好比说出绝对的真相更重要”的说法。故选D。 12．Which might be the best title of the passage? A．Lies That Harm Us B．Lying Is a Second Nature C．Lies That We Need to Tell D．Honesty Is the Best Policy 答案　C 解析　标题归纳题。通读文章可知，文章主要对两种类型的谎言进行了介绍，指出让人感觉良好比说出绝对的真相更重要。由此可知，C项“我们需要说的谎言”最适合作文章标题。故选C。 Ⅱ.七选五 Communication is a way of putting across one’s ideas and opinions and listening to those of the others.Many people understand the importance of communication and want to communicate their points to the other people.However，they are unable to do so. 1 Here are a few ways to communicate effectively. Avoid interruption.Interruption can be extremely impolite. 2 Constantly interrupting the other person can make them wander from the point and the conversation can take a different turn. Listen patiently.Healthy conversation requires listening patiently as much as it requires putting one’s point across.In order to communicate effectively，you must first listen to what the other person has to say. 3 Your body language speaks volumes about you.It is essential to keep your body language warm and friendly rather than arrogant(傲慢的)．Many people unintentionally give a wrong message through their body language.If you are not sure，then it is a good idea to learn the art of body language. Don’t go overboard(过火) with your point. 4 It is not to prove that your point is correct and the other person is wrong.Many people try to win the conversation which is absolutely wrong.It leads to unnecessary arguments and conflicts(冲突)． Watch your words.Before you say something to someone make sure you know what you are saying.At times，out of anger or anxiousness，we say things that we must not say.Remember，words once spoken cannot be taken back. 5 A．Watch your body language. B．Two-way communication is important. C．This is because they lack good communication skills. D．It is thus suggested not to say something you might regret later. E．So，it is essential to understand the importance of communication. F．The reason behind conversation is to let the other person know what you feel. G．It is essential to let the other person complete his point before you make yours. 1．答案　C 解析　根据上文“Many people understand the importance of communication and want to communicate their points to the other people.However，they are unable to do so.”可知，人们知道沟通的重要性，但却不能很好地沟通。结合下文提到的几个沟通技巧可知，出现这样的情况，是因为人们缺乏沟通技巧。C项中This指代上文“they are unable to do so”。故选C。 2．答案　G 解析　根据上文“Interruption can be extremely impolite.”可知，打断别人说话非常不礼貌。由此可知，等别人说完，你再说话是基本礼仪。G项贴合本段主旨“Avoid interruption.”。故选G。 3．答案　A 解析　空处为本段主旨句。根据下文“Your body language speaks volumes about you.It is essential to keep your body language warm and friendly rather than arrogant(傲慢的)．..”可知，本段的建议是注意自己的肢体语言。A项(注意你的肢体语言)可以作为本段主旨句。故选A。 4．答案　F 解析　根据本段主旨句“Don’t go overboard(过火) with your point.”和下文“It is not to prove that your point is correct and the other person is wrong.”可知，不要过分强调自己的观点，交流的目的不是证明谁对谁错。由此推知，空处陈述交流的真正目的——让其他人了解你的想法和感受。故选F。 5．答案　D 解析　空处位于段末，应承接上文。根据上文“At times，out of anger or anxiousness，we say things that we must not say.Remember，words once spoken cannot be taken back.”可知，我们不能因为糟糕的情绪说出一些让自己后悔的话，因为一些话一旦说出就无法收回。D项贴合本段主旨“Watch your words.”。故选D。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$