Unit 7 Period 2 Lesson 1 Masterpieces—Reading Comprehension-【步步高】2023-2024学年高一英语必修第三册（北师大版2019）

Live from the Louvre Hi, it’s Zack! Greetings from Paris, everyone! This broadcast1 is being brought to you from one of the largest museums on Earth—the Louvre! Today we’re going to find out about some of the Louvre’s most amazing treasures. Here we go! Now, at the top of these stone stairs ... get a load of2 that! That huge sculpture you can see is the Winged Victory of Samothrace, or Nike of Samothrace！I can’t even begin to tell you how amazing this is！It looks like she has just flown down out of the sky and is standing on a ship. Her head and arms are missing, but you can imagine her holding her arms up high, celebrating the result of an ancient battle3. And just look at how her dress is being folded4 by the wind! I really can’t believe she’s made of stone. The skill of the sculptor5 is just incredible. Okay, I’d better move on. You can see there are so many people here. I’m being pushed around quite a bit, in fact. And you’re really going to love what’s coming up next. It’s the one and only Mona Lisa! The painting is a lot smaller than you would expect, and is protected by glass. But from here I can get a good view to show you. When I look into her eyes it seems she has a mind of her own! One moment she seems to be laughing at me, but then again I catch a sense of sadness in her smile. I guess that’s why she attracts so many visitors every day. And now, it’s time to get up close and personal with one of history’s greatest artists—Rembrandt! He painted this self-portrait6 about 400 years ago. Throughout his life, he made over 90 self-portraits! No one really knows why. Perhaps it was his way of taking a 17th-century selfie7？Or was it simply cheaper to paint himself than to pay for a model? About 35,000 works are currently being displayed in over 300 rooms in the Louvre, and it would take a lifetime to see everything! I’ll say bye for now, and hope you can all visit this fantastic place one day to feel the power of these great works of art for yourselves. They really do reach out to us across the centuries as if time itself were nothing. By the way, if you have enjoyed this live broadcast, subscribe to find out where I’m visiting next！ (节选自外研版新教材必修第三册Unit 4) 词汇积累1.broadcast /'brɔːdkɑːst/ n．广播节目，电视节目 2．get a load of...注意，仔细看(常用于表示惊讶或羡慕) 3．battle /'bætl/ n．战斗，战役 4．fold /fəʊld/ v．折起 5．sculptor /'skʌlptə/ n．雕刻家，雕塑家 6．portrait /'pɔːtrɪt/ n．人物照片；肖像 7．selfie /'selfi/ n．自拍照 Period 2　Lesson 1 Masterpieces—Reading Comprehension Ⅰ.匹配单词 1．striking　　　A．extremely large or serious 2．affect B．making you feel happier or more hopeful 3．cause C．to produce a change in sb/sth 4．uplifting D．a reason for having particular feelings or behaving in a particular way 5．massive E．interesting or unusual enough to attract attention 答案　1.E　2.C　3.D　4.B　5.A Ⅱ.选词填空 be connected to，let out，a series of，as for，be surrounded by 1．To be honest，I’m in a puzzle as for what to do next in that situation. 2．It is said that a series of accidents happened in that neighborhood last week. 3．It surprises us that she is connected to many talented performers. 4．Ten days later，they arrived at a village that was surrounded by some tall trees. 5．The manager was so angry that he decided to find out who had let out the secret. Step 1　速读——整体理解文意 Ⅰ.明文章大意 What does the passage mainly talk about? A．Three famous painters. B．Three definitions of masterpieces. C．Three painters’ masterpieces. D．Three methods of creating paintings. 答案　C Ⅱ.悉层次结构 Figure out the common structure of the three descriptions. Para.1：The general (1)description of the painting. Para.2：The (2)inspiration of the painting. Para.3：(3)Comments on the painting. Step 2　细读——逐篇获取细节 Ⅰ.Read the description of The Starry Night carefully and do the following exercises. 1．What does the painting not include? A．Moon and stars. B．White and yellow circles and amazing sky. C．A sleeping village and a lonely tree. D．A white river with circles. 答案　D 2．What may have affected Van Gogh’s special way of painting? A．His unusual use of colour. B．His mental illness. C．The drug he took. D．Both B and C. 答案　D 3．What did Van Gogh think or say about the painting? 答案　He thought it was a failure. 4．Which of the following words can describe the writer’s attitude towards The Starry Night? A．Appreciative. B．Disagreeable. C．Negative. D．Uninterested. 答案　A 5．What can we learn from the passage? A．Van Gogh was a famous artist when he was alive. B．The Starry Night is a successful work of Van Gogh. C．Van Gogh painted The Starry Night using a common method. D．The Starry Night sold well before Van Gogh died. 答案　B Ⅱ.Read the description of The Scream carefully and do the following exercises. 1．Fill in the blanks according to the text. What does the painting show？ (1)A thin figure with an expression of fear，who is set on a (2)bridge above a dark，(3)stormy sea and against a burning orange-red sky. What may have inspired the painter？ His (4)experience of walking with friends when the sun set. 2.What might be the cause of such a strange picture according to experts? A．His mental problems. B．The thin figure he saw on the bridge. C．The burning fire. D．The scream a person let out. 答案　A Ⅲ.Read the description of The Empire of Light carefully and do the following exercises. 1．Try to tell true (T) or false (F)． (1)The Empire of Light was painted many times in 2 years.(　T　) (2)It painted a house in total darkness of the night.(　F　) 2．Why did Magritte paint his works? A．He was encouraged by Van Gogh. B．He loved Edvard Munch’s works. C．He was influenced by his own thoughts and ideas. D．He loved the nature and got inspiration from it. 答案　C 3．What was the opinion of Magritte about the painting? 答案　He thought the change between day and night in the painting was surprising. Ⅳ.Read the whole passage again and do the following exercises. 1．What is the text type of the passage? A．Narration(记叙文)． B．Argumentative essay(议论文)． C．Expository writing(说明文)． D．Practical writing(应用文)． 答案　C 2．Which word can best describe the three paintings? A．Active. B．Mysterious. C．Relaxing. D．Calm. 答案　B 3．What can we infer from the passage? A．Munch’s physical health problems caused him a lot of pain. B．An artist who has mental problems often creates a famous painting. C．Sometimes a painting became famous after its author had died. D．Some experts think that Van Gogh’s mental illness may have affected his sense of light. 答案　C Step 3　读后——讨论深度理解 1．Among the three pictures，which one do you like best and which one do you like least？What are the reasons？(Critical thinking) 2．Suppose you are a volunteer at an art exhibition.Introduce one of the three paintings to the visitors.(Creative thinking) Step 4　总结——课文语法填空 Let’s appreciate three famous masterpieces—The Starry Night，The Scream and The Empire of Light.The Starry Night was painted 1.by Van Gogh while he was staying at home for being 2.mentally(mental) ill.The Starry Night is now one of the world’s most famous 3.paintings(painting)．The Scream was painted by Edvard Munch,4.which shows a thin figure with 5.an expression of fear—the figure’s mouth is letting out a 6.powerful(power) scream.In his diary，Munch talked about what inspired him.He and his two friends 7.were walking(walk) down the road when something inspired him.Many experts say that The Scream 8.is connected(connect) to Munch’s mental health problems.The Empire of Light 9.painted(paint) by Magritte shows a mysterious scene.Magritte’s view was that art should shock the viewers and challenge their sense of 10.reality(real)．The Empire of Light has produced different reactions in viewers.However，Magritte himself thought that the change between day and night in the paintings was surprising. Step 5　解读——长句难句分析 1．Van Gogh painted what he saw from his window—the night sky with clouds，stars and a moon. [句式分析]　本句是一个主从复合句。what 引导的是宾语从句，且what 在从句中作saw的宾语；破折号后面具体解释what he saw from his window 的内容。 [自主翻译]　凡·高画了他看到的窗外景象——有云、星星和月亮的夜空。 2．However，the fact remains that The Starry Night is now one of the world’s most famous paintings. [句式分析]　本句是一个主从复合句。句中remains为系动词，that引导表语从句，在从句中不作任何成分。 [自主翻译]　而事实是，《星空》现在是世界上最著名的画作之一。 3．What makes it striking is that it shows a thin figure with an expression of fear—the figure’s mouth is wide open and letting out a powerful scream. [句式分析]　本句是一个主从复合句。What 引导的是主语从句，且What在从句中作主语；that引导表语从句，在从句中不作成分；with an expression of fear作后置定语，修饰figure；破折号后面的句子具体解释a thin figure with an expression of fear。 [自主翻译]　这幅画富有冲击力，画中有一个表情恐惧的瘦弱身影——嘴巴大张，正发出强烈的尖叫声。 4．I was walking down the road with two friends when the sun set；suddenly the sky turned as red as blood...I stood there shaking. [句式分析]　本句是一个并列复合句。第一个分句中，when引导时间状语从句；第二个分句中，“as...as...”意为“像……一样……”其中第一个as为副词，第二个as为介词；第三个分句中，shaking是现在分词作伴随状语。 [自主翻译]　太阳落山时，我和两个朋友一起走在路上；天空突然变得像血一样红……我站在那里颤抖着。 5．Many experts say that The Scream is connected to Munch’s mental health problems，which caused him a lot of pain. [句式分析]　本句是一个主从复合句。that 引导宾语从句；which引导的是非限制性定语从句，修饰mental health problems。 [自主翻译]　许多专家说，《呐喊》与给蒙克带来巨大痛苦的心理健康问题有关。 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A For centuries，audiences have been attracted by the mysterious(神秘的) Mona Lisa，an oil painting by Italian artist，inventor，and writer Leonardo da Vinci.Permanently located in the Louvre Museum，it is estimated to be worth an impressive $800 million today. The piece features a female figure seated in a room with her arms folded as she looks at the viewer and appears to softly smile.The half-hearted smile makes the painting all the more mysterious，inspiring viewers to try to understand both the mood of Mona Lisa and the intention of its artist. Her look is another attractive part of the painting.Many believe that her eyes follow you across the room，making her actively involved when being viewed，rather than remaining an object to look upon.But according to German researchers，this “Mona Lisa Effect” actually does not occur in the painting.In fact，they claim that the woman is always looking about 15 degrees to your right，so more likely at your ear than your eyes.Whatever the case—perceived or real—her expression is one of the strongest reasons for Mona Lisa’s lasting success. In addition to its mysterious appearance，her expression has been quite in line with art historians for its possible symbolism(象征性)，as many believe it to be a clever visual representation of the idea of happiness suggested by the word “gioconda” in Italian. The technique Da Vinci used in the painting left behind no visible brush marks，something that was said to make any master painter lose heart.This piece of Renaissance(文艺复兴) artwork completely changed the techniques and style of painting，and is admired around the world as the greatest masterpiece of all time. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了名画《蒙娜丽莎》，并介绍了这幅画中的女人的微笑、表情以及画家非凡的绘画技巧等。 1．Which of the following can NOT describe the masterwork Mona Lisa? A．Precious. B．Fascinating. C．Innovative. D．Intelligent. 答案　D 解析　推理判断题。根据第一段内容可知，这幅画是迷人的以及珍贵的；根据文章最后一句可知，这幅画的技巧是创新的。故选D。 2．What does “Mona Lisa Effect” refer to? A．A mysterious smile makes a person attractive. B．Viewers perceive the eyes on the picture follow them. C．The person on the picture remains an object to look upon. D．The eyes on the picture always look at viewers’ ears. 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。根据第三段第二句可推断，所谓的“蒙娜丽莎效应”指的是观看者认为蒙娜丽莎的眼睛会追随着他们。故选B。 3．What do art historians think Mona Lisa’s expression represents? A．Cleverness. B．Mystery. C．Happiness. D．Beauty. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据第四段内容尤其是“as many believe it...the idea of happiness...in Italian”可知，艺术历史学家认为蒙娜丽莎的表情表现了幸福。故选C。 4．What does the last paragraph mainly talk about? A．Da Vinci’s outstanding painting technique. B．The background of the famous painting. C．Other masters’ comments on the painting. D．The styles of the Renaissance artworks. 答案　A 解析　段落大意题。根据最后一段中对达·芬奇的技巧及画作的地位的介绍可知，最后一段主要赞扬了达·芬奇非凡的绘画技巧。故选A。 B Vincent Willem van Gogh is a great Dutch painter.In 2017 one of his paintings was sold for $81 million.2021 seemed to be Vincent Willem van Gogh’s year.There were at least five different exhibits in nearly 40 US cities regarding his works.It’s very surprising to know he sold only a few paintings in his lifetime，for only little profit.How did this now-famous painter fail to escape attention after his death? It was probably thanks to a woman. Six months after Van Gogh died，his beloved brother Theo passed away，who had expected to make his brother’s works well-known.Fortunately，Theo’s wife Johanna van Gogh-Bonge，as an English teacher at two different girls’ schools before her marriage，was left with their son and a sizable art collection.She decided to help Theo’s wishes come true.“During her lifetime，she devoted herself to raising awareness of Vincent’s art and letters，” says Luijten，the author of Johanna’s lifetime story. Johanna tried all her best to improve Van Gogh’s name.To do this，she chose some of his works to sell and encouraged writers and art critics to write about his paintings though she was refused many times.Johanna didn’t lose heart.She lent some pieces to well-known museums and organized countless exhibitions and sales.“One of Johanna’s major achievements was the organization of an exhibition at the Stedelijk Museum in 1905，where she collected no less than 484 of Van Gogh’s works.A Van Gogh exhibition of this size would never again be matched，” Luijten explains.Another particular move happened in 1914 when Johanna published Van Gogh’s letters.Theo had kept hundreds of letters.“This was of great importance，as following the publication of the letters，the appreciation of Van Gogh as an artist increased further，” says Luijten. “There’s little doubt that although Van Gogh was great，he wouldn’t be remembered to the level seen today without the influence of Johanna，” said Luijten. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是Johanna van Gogh­Bonge一生致力于让大众认识凡·高和他的艺术，是她让凡·高如此有名。 5．What appears unbelievable about Vincent van Gogh according to the author? A．His paintings being sold at such an amazingly high price. B．His attending many different art exhibitions worldwide. C．His becoming well-known because of a woman’s efforts. D．His paintings bringing little money for him in his lifetime. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段倒数第三句可知，文森特·凡·高令人难以置信的地方在于他的画在他生前给他带来的收益很少。故选D。 6．What can we know about Johanna from the text? A．She married Theo in 1905. B．She was creative with a strong will. C．She was a famous painting collector. D．She was once a teacher in an art school. 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。根据第三段前三句可知，Johanna出售了凡·高的一部分作品，并鼓励作家和艺术评论家对凡·高的画进行写作和评论，说明她有创造力；她曾被拒绝了很多次却没有灰心则说明Johanna意志坚强。故选B。 7．What does Luijten mainly stress through his words in the last paragraph? A．The greatness of Van Gogh. B．The challenge faced by Johanna. C．His appreciation of Johanna’s efforts. D．His doubt about Van Gogh’s influence. 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，尽管凡·高很伟大，但如果没有Johanna的影响，他不会达到今天的高度。由此可推知，Luijten在最后一段主要强调了他对Johanna的努力的赞赏。故选C。 8．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text? A．The Great Life Story of Van Gogh B．The Woman Making Van Gogh Known C．The Contribution of Van Gogh’s Brother D．The Popularity of Van Gogh’s Paintings 答案　B 解析　标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是第一段最后两句和最后一段可知，本文主要讲的是Johanna一生致力于让大众认识凡·高和他的艺术，是Johanna让凡·高如此有名。故选B。 C A selection of wildlife sculptures made out of recycled rubbish is being displayed at an exhibition at the Harley Gallery in Glasgow，the UK.The sculptures have been created by Glasgow-based artist Michelle Reader，who has been working with recycled materials for over 20 years.The inspiration behind this collection of artwork was the increase in fly-tipping.Fly-tipping is when people illegally dump rubbish or litter in a public place. Reader told the BBC，“Glasgow Wildlife Trust showed me some of the materials that were found on their reserves—a washing machine，rusty bike frame，car tyres.” She decided to create wildlife sculptures out of these materials to encourage people to think about the damage fly-tipping can do to the environment and wildlife.Her three-dimensional artworks included recycled items such as skis，a gas mask，and washing machine parts. Reader often drew inspiration from the “beauty of the natural world”，and said that the large model of the white-tailed bee was inspired by the many hours she spent on her distribution.Another sculpture，of a bearded eagle，was inspired by the sighting of one such bird in the Peak District in July 2020.This was only the second time it had been spotted in the UK. Other projects Reader has been involved with have highlighted issues such as the importance of recycling and reducing food waste.In April，the National Space Centre in Leicester，England，launched their Home Planet gallery，which featured an art installation from Reader.Using rubbish found in rivers，such as plastic bottles，tennis balls，footwear，and toys，Reader created a large wave of sculpture to highlight the problem of littering. Reader says that through her sculptures she draws attention to environmental issues in an attractive and humorous way.The exhibition is on at the Harley Gallery in Glasgow，the UK，until 24 July. 语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。一组由回收垃圾制成的野生动物雕塑在英国格拉斯哥的哈雷美术馆展出。 9．What inspired the exhibition at the Harley Gallery? A．Recycled materials. B．The climate issue. C．Wildlife sculptures. D．The increasing fly-tipping. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段第三、四句可知，越来越多的非法倾倒垃圾启发了哈雷美术馆的这一场展览。故选D。 10．Why does Reader create the wildlife sculptures? A．To be environmentally-friendly. B．To protect wildlife animals. C．To love the sculpture art. D．To improve creative ability. 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段第二句以及最后一段第一句可知，Reader利用回收垃圾创作这些野生动物雕塑是为了环保。故选A。 11．Where does this passage probably come from? A．A family survey. B．A health magazine. C．An environmental magazine. D．A science guide. 答案　C 解析　文章出处题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了出于环保目的而举办的一次展览，由此可推知，文章可能选自环境杂志。故选C。 12．What may be the best title for the passage? A．Look at the Art from Another Angle B．Explore the Artistic Talents in Your Life C．Wildlife Sculptures Made from Rubbish D．A New Way to Live a Sustainable Life 答案　C 解析　标题归纳题。文章主要介绍了一组由回收垃圾制成的野生动物雕塑展览，所以C选项“垃圾制成的野生动物雕塑”最适合作文章标题。故选C。 Ⅱ.七选五 (2023·广东梅州高一期末) As an artist who shares her journey on social media，I’m often asked by curious followers how to begin an art journey.Unfortunately，there is no magic list I can offer.I do remember，though，what it was like to be a complete beginner.So I’ve put together some good tips for starting an art journey. ·Start small.I suggest using a sketchbook(素描本) for small studies.These small studies provide inspiration and may be a springboard for more complex works in the future. 1 You’ll want to look back on your journey to see how far you’ve come. ·Paint often and paint from life.There’s no better way to improve than to put in those brush miles.Whether you paint still lives，portraits，or landscapes，paint from life as much as possible. 2 ·Continually challenge yourself to try something new. 3 Artistic growth can be a bit painful.Welcome to the club；we’ve all been there.I love taking on challenges.I once took up a challenge to create a painting every day for a month and post the works online. · 4 Seeking and accepting constructive feedback(反馈) is crucial to growth.I post my work on social media and，in turn，I have met some of the kindest people.They make me feel valued and respected，no matter my level of artistic ability. The journey you’re on won’t follow a straight path. 5 Push through，give it time and put in the effort.You will harvest the rewards of an artistic life. A．Get out of your comfort zone. B．Make career plans and set goals. C．Don’t throw away your beginner art. D．Share your work if you feel comfortable doing so. E．You’ll hit roadblocks，and you’ll feel discouraged at times. F．Evaluate your performance and，if needed，redefine your role. G．You’ll develop that painting muscle memory that only comes with repetition. 1．答案　C 解析　根据上下文可知，空处应是一个过渡句，从建议使用一个素描本进行小规模的学习和实践，到回顾自己的绘画之旅，所以C项“不要扔掉你初学时的美术作品”承接上文的建议，且与后文形成顺承关系。故选C。 2．答案　G 解析　设空处位于段尾，是对本段的总结，根据前文可知，本段主要讲述要不断练习绘画，所以G项“你会逐渐形成只有通过反复练习才能获得的绘画肌肉记忆”是对前文的总结。选项中的repetition与上文的as much as possible呼应。故选G。 3．答案　A 解析　设空处位于第二句，此处应是对前一句的进一步解释，并同时引出后文，根据前文“Continually challenge yourself to try something new.”以及后文“Artistic growth can be a bit painful.”可知，A项“走出你的舒适区”是对前句的进一步说明，并与后文构成顺承关系。故选A。 4．答案　D 解析　设空处位于段首，是本段的中心句，根据后文可知，本段主要讲述的是要分享自己的作品，并获得别人建设性的反馈，所以D项“如果你感觉这样做舒服的话，就分享你的作品”符合文意，是本段的中心句。故选D。 5．答案　E 解析　设空处位于第二句，此处应是对前文的进一步解释，并引出后文，根据前文“The journey you’re on won’t follow a straight path.”以及后文“Push through，give it time and put in the effort.You will harvest the rewards of an artistic life.”可知，E项“你会遇到障碍，并且有时你会感到气馁”是对前句的进一步说明，并与后文构成顺承关系。故选E。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$