Unit 1 Home Grammar～ Further study知识点讲义-2024-2025学年译林版英语七年级下册

7B Unit 1 Home Grammar~ Further study知识点讲义 重点短语 在玫瑰街28号 有...面积 在手机里 ...的数量 许多 平方米 第一个做某事 在顶楼 在元宵节 在中国农历 就在...之后 有很多空间 用石头做的 在风中矗立 夏季凉爽 在山区 两层活着更多层 没有墙 在一楼 在草原 很容易做 竹屋 保持干燥 随着季节搬家 海滨小镇 远离 闻花香 听鸟鸣 和我们住在一起 好好照顾 和某人下中国象棋 帮助做清洁，达到卫生 语法精讲 Grammar 1. 基数词 (1) 常用的基数词 数词 基数词形式 示例 1-12 独立词 eight,ten,eleven,twelve 13-19 个位数+teen (13,15,18稍有变化） three→thirteen five→fifteen eight→eighteen 整十数 个位数+-ty (20,30,40,50,80 ）稍有变化 two→twenty three→thirty four→forty five→fifty eight→eighty 几十几 整十数加“-”再加个位数 21→twenty-one 55→fifth-five 几百几 ...hundred+and+... 288→two hundred and eighty-eight 大数表达 从右向左三位三位地断开。第一个逗号处是thousand，十位和个位之间用连字符，百位和十位之间加and 6, 425, 200 six million four hundred and twenty-five thousand two hundred 【练一练】单项选择 —Excuse me, can you tell me how to say 5,607,813 in English? —Yes. ________. A．Five million six hundred and seven thousand eight hundred and thirteen B．Five million and six hundred and seven thousand and eight hundred and thirteen C．Five millions six hundreds and seven thousands eight hundreds and thirteen D．Five million six hundred and seven thousand and eight hundred and thirteen (2) 基数词表示数量，大于1的数字后跟可数名词的复数形式。 · People from about 180 countries and areas live in New York. 来自于大约180个国家和地区的人住在纽约。 (3) “基数词+单数名词+（形容词）”相当于合成形容词，合成形容词不能作表语，后面必须跟所修饰的名词且该名词一定要用单数形式。..year(s) old “...多少岁”，作表语 · He is a five-year-old boy. 他是一个五岁男孩 · He is seven years old. 他7岁。 (4) 表示编号。 ①简单的编号(一位数或两位数)，一般用普通的基数词表示即可。 No.16读作number sixteen 第16号 ②较长的数字，就用简化的方法读。例如： Page 135读作page one three five 第135页 (5) 时刻的表达 A：顺读法，先读时，后读分。 · 9:20 nine twenty 10:15 ten fifteen B：倒读法，先读分，后读时。 1　 < 30 分 分+past+时 · 9:20 twenty past nine 8:17 seventeen past eight 2　 > 30 分 (60-分)+ to+(时+1) · 9:50 ten to ten 8:55 five to nine C.特殊：整点，半点，一刻钟的表达 1　 整点: 整点+ o'clock （ o'clock只用于整点，可以省略。） · 8:00 eight o'clock 9:00 nine o'clock 2　 半点: half past+时 · 9:30 half past nine 11：30 half past eleven 3　 15分钟或45分钟，a quarter（ 一刻钟） past +时 /to +（时+1） · 9:15 a quarter past nine 9：45 a quarter to ten 【练一练】单项选择 —What time is it now? —It’s________. A．at three o’clock B．at a quarter at three C．a quarter to three D．forty-five past three (6) “几十”的基数词的复数形式可用来表示某人大约几十岁或年代。 · In his thirties, he got great success in business.在他三十多岁的时候，在生意上取得巨大成功。 (7) 表示时间，距离时，用含有数词的名词所有格形式作定语。 · It’s an hour’s walk from my home to the city park. 从我家到城市公园有一个小时的路程。 (8) ★★★hundred/ thousand/million/billion和“of”连用，前面不能有具体的数,而且这四个词的本身必须用复数，表示不确切的数字。 hundreds of 成百上千 thousands of 成千上万 millions of 数以百万计 ※当它们的前面有具体的数修饰时,其本身即不能用复数，不能和“of”连用。 two thousand students 2000个学生 five hundred cars 500辆车 【练一练】单项选择 There are more than ________ books in our school library. A．two thousand B．thousands of C．hundreds of D．thousand 2. 序数词 (1) 基数词变序数词规律 基变序，很容易，结尾加上th；（如 eleven→eleventh) 一、二、三，单独记，词尾分别tdd；(one→first two→second three→third) 八去t，九除e; (eight→eighth nine→ninth) ve要用f替; (five→fifth twelve→twelfth) 整十基数变序数，先把ty变tie；(twenty→twentieth) 要是遇到两位数，十位基数个位序;(twenty-one→twenty-first) th最后加上去。 (twenty-five→twenty-fifth) (2) 表示次序，通常与the连用，但如果序数词前用形容词性物主代词，名词所有格等同一位置修饰词，the 要省略。 · It is my first time to Shanghai. 这是我第一次去上海。 · I am fourteen years old. It’s my fourteenth birthday. 我14岁了，这是我第14个生日。 【练一练】单项选择 —How old is your sister? —________. We had a special party for her ________ birthday last Sunday. A．Nine; ninth B．Ninth; the nine C．Nine; nine D．Ninth; the ninth (3) 表示分数：分子用基数词，分母用序数词。当分子大1时，分母为序数词加s。口诀：分子基，分母序，分子大于1，分母加s。 注意: 分数词的几种特殊形式. 1/2—one second = a half 1/3—one third = a third 1/4—one fourth = a quarter 3/4—three fourths = three quarters (4) the+序数词表示次序；a +序数词表示“又一”“再一”。 · He has tried twice, but he wants a third try. 他已经试了两次，但是他想再试一次。 (5) 日期表达：年份用基数词，日期用序数词，表达顺序为“月、日、年”或“日、月、年” · Jim’s birthday is on June 21st,2011. 吉姆的生日是2011年6月21日。 【练一练】单项选择 My mother’s birthday is on ________ of December. A．the twenty-three B．twenty-third C．twentieth-third D．the twenty-third 3. It has an area of 160 square metres.它的面积是160平方米。 Our flat is 98 square metres in area.我们的公寓面积是98平方米。 area n. 意为“面积”。 短语：have an area of ...“有……面积”= be ...in area/size，如： The room has an area of 12 square metres. =The room is 12 square metres in area/size. 这个房间面积是12平方米。 【拓展】area的其他含义有：“领域，方面，地区”。如： · There is heavy traffic in the downtown area tonight. 今夜闹市区交通繁忙。  · She knows the local area very well. 她非常了解这地区的情况。 4. She is always the fist in her class to get to school.她总是班上第一个到学校的人。 短语：be the first to do sth. 第一个做...，此处to get to school为动词不定式短语作后置定语，修饰the first。 【拓展】 (1) It is one’s first time to do sth. 某人第一次做某事。 for the first time 第一次 (2) The first man to do sth. 第一个做某事的人。 · It’s my first time to go to Beijing. 这是我第一次去北京。 · He is the first man to reach the office. 他是第一个到达办公室的人。 (3) be the last to do sth 最后一个做... 【练一练】单项选择 It is her first time ________ dinner. She thinks she will have lots of fun with it. A. cook B. cooking C. to cook D.cooks 知识梳理 Pronunciation 单词的音节 【练一练】 一、判断下列单词的音节数量。 1. happy （ ） 2. country （ ） 3. party （ ） 4. computer （ ） 5. tomato （ ） 二、下列单词中，判断复数形式是否增加了音节，是则打√，否则打× 1. boy, boys （ ） 2. city, cities （ ） 3. toy, toys （ ） 4. story, stories （ ） 5. key, keys （ ） Integration 1. Made of stone and seagrass.由石头和海草制成。 【辨析】be made of、be made from、be made by和be made in be made of 意为“由...制成”（指能看得出原材料），如：The desk is made of wood.桌子是由木头制成的。 be made form 意为“由...制成”（指看不出原材料），如：The paper is made from wood.纸是由木头制成的。 be made by 意为“由...制造”（后一般跟人，指被谁制成），如：The sweater is made by my mother.这件毛衣是由我妈妈织的。 be made in 意为“制造于，在...制造”（后一般跟产地，地名或国家），如：The car is made in China.这辆汽车是在中国制造的。 【练一练】单项选择 This cake ______ my mother. She is a great cook. A. is made of B. is made from C. is made in D. is made by 2. Because life there is free and relaxing, and it’s interesting to move with the seasons.因为那里的生活是自由且放松的，随着季节变化迁徙也很有趣。 (1) 【精讲】free adj. 自由的，词形变化：freedom n.自由 adj. 空闲的，有时间的 be free空闲的，in one’s free time在某人的空闲时间里 adj. 免费的 sth be free 【练一练】单项选择 --Mr Wu, may I ask you some questions? --Sure, feel __________ to ask me. A.good B. free C. happy D. well (2) It’s interesting to move with the seasons.此句是固定句型：It’s + adj + to do sth.，意为“做某事是...的”，其中“it”是形式主语，“to do sth”是真正的主语，引申而来的句型还有：It’s adj for sb to do sth.，意为“对某人来说，做某事是...的”如： It’s great to live in a neighbourhood like that.住在像那样的一个社区里真是太好了。 It's important for us to learn Chinese well.对我们来说学好汉语很重要。 【练一练】单项选择 It is difficult ______ me ______ math problems. A. for; to solve B. of; to solve C. for; solving D. of; solving 3. The beach is a great place to relax and have fun.这个海滩是放松和玩乐的好地方。 短语：a great place to do sth 做某事的好地方，此句型中“to do sth”作后置定语修饰前面的名词place。如： Living room is a great place to chat and watch TV.客厅是聊天和看电视的好地方。 【练一练】用所给词的适当形式填空 The balcony is a great place ____________ (enjoy) the view. 4. I can smell the flowers and hear the birds sing.我能闻到花香，听到鸟儿歌唱。 (1) smell v.意为“闻，嗅”，如：Can you smell something burning?你能闻到什么东西烧焦了吗？ smell 作系动词，意为“闻起来”，后接形容词作表语。如：The flowers smell nice.这些花闻起来很香。 【拓展】其他的感官系动词 look 看起来 sound 听起来 taste 尝起来 feel感觉；摸起来 (2) 【辨析】hear sb do sth和hear sb doing sth hear sb do sth 听到某人经常做某事或听到某人做了某事（强调动作的全过程） hear sb doing sth 听到某人正在做某事（强调动作正在进行） I often hear him sing in the next room.我经常听到他在隔壁房间唱歌。 I heard him singing in the next room when I walk past just now.刚才我走过时，听见他在隔壁房间正在唱歌。 类似的用法的动词还有watch，see，notice，look at以及listen to等。 【练一练】单项选择 When I passed by the park, I heard some girls ______ happily. A. laugh B. to laugh C. laughing D. laughed 5. The house is big, so my grandparents can live with us and we can take good care of them.房子很大，所以我的祖父母可以和我们住在一起，我们可以好好照顾他们。 短语：take good care of... = look after ... well 把...照顾得好，如； I can take good care of my little cat. = I can look after my little cat well.我能照顾好我的小猫。 【拓展】care about 关心，关怀 care for照顾，喜欢，爱护 【练一练】句型转换 You should take good care of your books.（改为同义句） You should ______ your books ______. 6. My dream home is a(n) ... away from/ in the centre of/ near ...我梦想中的家是一个…远离/在…中心/靠近…。 短语：in the center of 在...中心 centre n.<英> 中心=<美>center → central adj. 中心的；主要的 central park 中央公园 central bank 中央银行 CCTV=China Central Television 中央电视台 【区分】in the middle of&in the center of (1) 表示立体事物的中心，一般只用centre，而不能用middle。 · the centre of the ball 球心 (2) centre 多指物体的正中心，而 middle 则指中间或中部，因而它表示的位置不如 centre 精确。 【比较】 · the centre of the room 房间的正中央 · the middle of the room 房间的中间(不一定在正中间) (3) 表示学术、工业、商业等比喻用法中的“中心”，通常只能用centre, 而不能用 middle。 · Beijing is the political, economic and cultural centre of China. 北京是中国政治、经济和文化的中心。 (4) centre 只用于空间，而 middle 既可以用于空间，也可以用于时间或活动等。 · in the middle of September 九月中旬 【练一练】翻译句子 湖的中央有一个小岛。 a small island the lake. Further study 7. 有关“家”的俗语。 (1) East or west, home is best.金窝银窝不如自己的狗窝。 (2) A good home is made, not bought.美好的家是亲手打造的，不是买来的。 (3) Home is the starting place of love, hope and dreams.家是爱、希望和梦想的起点。 (4) Home is where you park your heart.家是你心灵的停泊地。   例题精讲 一、单项选择。 1. There are __________ people in his family. They live on the __________ floor. A.five; nine B.fifth; nine C.five; ninth D.fifth; ninth 2. Please pass me __________ book on the right. A.four B.fourth C.the four D.the fourth 3. We gave away __________ books to the school library last year. A.six thousands B.six thousand C.six thousands of D.six thousand of 4. We say this number “5,043,001” __________. A.five million, and forty-three thousand and one B.five million and forty-three thousand and one C.five million, forty-three thousand, one D.five million, forty-three thousand and one 5. —__________ is your phone number? —Oh, you can call me at 5864-8877 any time. A.What B.How much C.How D.How much 6. —What’s the date today? —It is __________. A. Friday B.the fifth day C.January the fifth D.my birthday 二、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。 1. My best friend Sandy lives on the (nine) floor. 2. December is the (twelve) month of the year. 3. The day after tomorrow is my grandfather's (90) birthday. 4. Tomorrow is my (thirteen) birthday. I'm going to have a party to celebrate it. 5. The principal, congratulated Yunnan University on its (hundred) anniversary(纪念日). 6. Poems of Timeless Acclaim (《千秋诗颂》) is China's (one) AI cartoon in history. 7. May is the (five) month of the year. 8. December 13th, 2025 is the (twelve) National Memorial Day for Nanjing Massacre Victims. 9. He is looking for a wonderful present for his mother's (forty) birthday. 10. The (nineteen) Hangzhou Asian Games is a beautiful gathering of nations. 三、根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词。 My dream home is in a small village. It is not 1. f______ from the city. There is a river in 2. f______ of my house. The water in it is very 3. c______ I can see many fish in it. There are many trees and flowers 4. a______ my house. The air is very 5. f______ I have a big garden. There are many vegetables and fruit trees in it. I like to grow flowers and keep some 6. p______ The house has two floors. On the 7. g______ floor, there is a kitchen, a dining room and a living room. There is also a bathroom. On the 8. f______ floor, there are three bedrooms and a study. I like to read books in the 9. s______. I love my dream home. I 10. h______ I can live in it one day. 1.  2. 3. 4. 5. 6.  7. 8. 9. 10. 课堂练习 一、单项选择 1. My aunt has only one child, and she wants child. A. the second B. a second C. two D. second 2. We will have a walk. A. ten minutes B. ten minutes’ C. ten-minutes D. ten-minute's 3. It's my daughter's birthday today. She's years old. A. eighteen B. eighteenth C. the eighteen D. the eighteenth 4. My grandma told me the number“9” stands for“long lasting”. So I chose the floor to live on. A. nine B. eighth C. ninth D. eight 5. Unluckily, people were killed in the earthquake. A. two thousands B. thousand of C. two thousands of D. thousands of 6. — Can you write the number sixty-five thousand six hundred and twenty-six? — Yes, it's . A. 65,662 B. 65,626 C. 56,662 D. 56,626 7. He got birthday cakes on his birthday. A. second; fifteen B. two; fifteen C. second; fifteenth D. two; fifteenth 8. This Saturday is my birthday. A. fourteen B. fourteenth C. forty D. the fortieth 9. Mrs Green lives in an old apartment with floors and she is going to celebrate her birthday. A. five; fiftieth B. fifth; the fiftieth C. five; the fiftieth D. fifth; fiftieth 10. I am child in my family. I have an elder brother and a younger sister. A. one B. the first C. the second D. the third 11. There are days in a week and Thursday is day of a week. A. seventh; five B. seven; fifth C. the seventh; five D. seven; the fifth 12. How do you say 5,179? A. Five thousands one hundred and seventy-nine. B. Five thousands one hundred seventy-nine. C. Five thousand one hundred seventy-nine. D. Five thousand one hundred and seventy-nine. 13. people go to see the film YOLO(《热辣滚烫》). About of them are young people. A. Millions of; five thousand B. Million of; five thousand C. Millions of; five thousands D. Million of; five thousands 二、根据汉语提示完成句子 1. 这座房子由石头和海草建成。 This house is __________ __________ stone and seagrass. 2. 在中国西南部的山区你能看到竹屋。 You can see bamboo houses in the mountain area of the __________ __________ of China. 三、句型转换 1. I'd like to live on the grasslands.（对画线部分提问） __________ __________ you like to live? 2. The house is made of bamboo.（改为一般疑问句） __________ the house __________ of bamboo? 课堂小结 课后作业 一、阅读理解 A Hello, everyone! I’m Kevin. I’d like to tell you something about my dream (梦想的) home. My dream home is near the beautiful beach (沙滩). It is not big, but it is a nice and quiet place. My dream house has two floors. It is not high. But for our family, it is enough. At the back of our house, there is a garden. We can grow flowers that we like. On the first floor is the living room. We receive guests (客人) there. In my spare time, my young brother and I can play together there. Our bedrooms are on the second floor. One is for my parents and the other is for my brother and me. There is a bed in my bedroom. It’s like a ship, and it’s very soft. There is a desk with a computer on it. I can surf the Internet or play computer games. I can often do my homework on the desk. My favorite place is the balcony. I can walk out to look at the beach and look up at the sky. This is my dream home. What about yours? 1．What is the writer’s dream house like? A．Big and nice. B．Nice and high. C．Beautiful and quiet. D．Big and quiet. 2．What can the writer do in the living room according to the passage? A．Grow flowers. B．Play with his brother. C．Play computer games. D．Do his homework. 3．What may the meaning of the underlined word (划线单词) “balcony” mostly be? A．厨房 B．地下室 C．阳台 D．阁楼 4．What is probably the structure (结构) of the passage? A． B． C． D． B Here is my friend Paul’s bedroom. I can see a bed, a desk and a sofa in it. Oh, there is also a computer in his room. It’s on the desk. He likes playing computer games. Paul’s new schoolbag is on the bed. It’s 17 dollars. He doesn’t buy it in the supermarket. He buys it in Mr. Cool’s Bookstore. There are some books and a pencil case in his schoolbag. In the pencil case, there are three red pencils, two blue pens and one white ruler. There is a map on the wall (墙) in his bedroom. It’s a map of China. It’s a birthday present (礼物) from his father. Paul likes it very much. There are seven notebooks on the sofa. Are these all Paul’s? No, they aren’t. Two of them are his brother John’s. 5．What’s on the desk in Paul’s bedroom? A．A sofa. B．A computer. C．A schoolbag. D．A computer game. 6．Where does Paul buy his schoolbag? A．On the bed. B．In Mr.Cool’s Bookstore. C．In the supermarket. D．In Mr. Cool’s Clothes Store. 7．What color are the pens? A．They’re white. B．They’re brown. C．They’re red. D．They’re blue. 8．What do you know about the map? A．It’s a map of China. B．Paul doesn’t like the map. C．It’s on the wall in Paul’s classroom. D．Paul buys it as a birthday present for his father. 9．How many notebooks does Paul have? A．Nine. B．Seven. C．Five. D．Two. 三、书面表达 假设你是李明，你正在为学校的校报写一篇关于你梦想家园的文章。请根据以下提示，写一篇不少于 80 词的短文。 1. 你想住在海边的一个小镇上； 2. 房子是一座两层的小楼，有一个大花园； 3. 房子里有一个书房和三个卧室； 4. 你想和父母一起住在那里，周末可以一起在海滩上散步。 My dream home _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 7B Unit 1 Home Grammar~ Further study知识点讲义 重点短语 在玫瑰街28号 on 28 rose street 有...面积 have a area of 在手机里 on his phone ...的数量 the number of 许多 a number of 平方米 square meters 第一个做某事 the first to do 在顶楼 on the top floor 在元宵节 on the latern festival 在中国农历 in the chinese lunar calendar 就在...之后 right after 有很多空间 have much space 用石头做的 be made of stone 在风中矗立 hold up in strong wind 夏季凉爽 cool in summer 在山区 in a mountain area 两层活着更多层 two or more floors 没有墙 no walls 在一楼 on the ground floor 在草原 on the grasslands 很容易做 be easy to 竹屋 bamboo house 保持干燥 keep dry 随着季节搬家 move with the seasons 海滨小镇 a seaside town 远离 be away from 闻花香 smell the flowers 听鸟鸣 hear the birds sing 和我们住在一起 live with us 好好照顾 take good care of 和某人下中国象棋 play Chinese chess with 帮助做清洁，达到卫生 help with some cleaning 语法精讲 Grammar 1. 基数词 (1) 常用的基数词 数词 基数词形式 示例 1-12 独立词 eight,ten,eleven,twelve 13-19 个位数+teen (13,15,18稍有变化） three→thirteen five→fifteen eight→eighteen 整十数 个位数+-ty (20,30,40,50,80 ）稍有变化 two→twenty three→thirty four→forty five→fifty eight→eighty 几十几 整十数加“-”再加个位数 21→twenty-one 55→fifth-five 几百几 ...hundred+and+... 288→two hundred and eighty-eight 大数表达 从右向左三位三位地断开。第一个逗号处是thousand，十位和个位之间用连字符，百位和十位之间加and 6, 425, 200 six million four hundred and twenty-five thousand two hundred 【练一练】单项选择 —Excuse me, can you tell me how to say 5,607,813 in English? —Yes. ________. A．Five million six hundred and seven thousand eight hundred and thirteen B．Five million and six hundred and seven thousand and eight hundred and thirteen C．Five millions six hundreds and seven thousands eight hundreds and thirteen D．Five million six hundred and seven thousand and eight hundred and thirteen 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——打扰一下，你能告诉我怎样用英语说5607,813吗？——是的。五百六十万零七千八百一十三。考查基数词表达。根据“5,607,813”可知，million，thousand，hundred前面有具体数字时，其后不能加s，可排除C选项；后三位的813是百位数，读作eight hundred and thirteen；倒数第一个分节号前读作thousand，即six hundred and seven thousand；倒数第二个分节号前读作million，即Five million。故选A。 (2) 基数词表示数量，大于1的数字后跟可数名词的复数形式。 · People from about 180 countries and areas live in New York. 来自于大约180个国家和地区的人住在纽约。 (3) “基数词+单数名词+（形容词）”相当于合成形容词，合成形容词不能作表语，后面必须跟所修饰的名词且该名词一定要用单数形式。..year(s) old “...多少岁”，作表语 · He is a five-year-old boy. 他是一个五岁男孩 · He is seven years old. 他7岁。 (4) 表示编号。 ①简单的编号(一位数或两位数)，一般用普通的基数词表示即可。 No.16读作number sixteen 第16号 ②较长的数字，就用简化的方法读。例如： Page 135读作page one three five 第135页 (5) 时刻的表达 A：顺读法，先读时，后读分。 · 9:20 nine twenty 10:15 ten fifteen B：倒读法，先读分，后读时。 1　 < 30 分 分+past+时 · 9:20 twenty past nine 8:17 seventeen past eight 2　 > 30 分 (60-分)+ to+(时+1) · 9:50 ten to ten 8:55 five to nine C.特殊：整点，半点，一刻钟的表达 1　 整点: 整点+ o'clock （ o'clock只用于整点，可以省略。） · 8:00 eight o'clock 9:00 nine o'clock 2　 半点: half past+时 · 9:30 half past nine 11：30 half past eleven 3　 15分钟或45分钟，a quarter（ 一刻钟） past +时 /to +（时+1） · 9:15 a quarter past nine 9：45 a quarter to ten 【练一练】单项选择 —What time is it now? —It’s________. A．at three o’clock B．at a quarter at three C．a quarter to three D．forty-five past three 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——现在几点了？——现在是两点四十五分。 考查时间的表达。at three o’clock在三点，不符合句意，回答时间用“It’s+钟点”，钟点前不加at，排除A、B选项；根据时间的表达方式，先说分钟再说时点，当分钟数小于等于30时，用past；当分钟数大于30时，用to；排除D选项。故选C。 (6) “几十”的基数词的复数形式可用来表示某人大约几十岁或年代。 · In his thirties, he got great success in business.在他三十多岁的时候，在生意上取得巨大成功。 (7) 表示时间，距离时，用含有数词的名词所有格形式作定语。 · It’s an hour’s walk from my home to the city park. 从我家到城市公园有一个小时的路程。 (8) ★★★hundred/ thousand/million/billion和“of”连用，前面不能有具体的数,而且这四个词的本身必须用复数，表示不确切的数字。 hundreds of 成百上千 thousands of 成千上万 millions of 数以百万计 ※当它们的前面有具体的数修饰时,其本身即不能用复数，不能和“of”连用。 two thousand students 2000个学生 five hundred cars 500辆车 【练一练】单项选择 There are more than ________ books in our school library. A．two thousand B．thousands of C．hundreds of D．thousand 【答案】A 【解析】句意：我们学校图书馆有两千多本书。 考查数词的用法。two thousand两千；thousands of成千上万的……；hundreds of数以百计的；thousand千。由空前的“more than”可知，此处要用具体数字two thousand；“more than+数词”表示“不止……”。故选A。 2. 序数词 (1) 基数词变序数词规律 基变序，很容易，结尾加上th；（如 eleven→eleventh) 一、二、三，单独记，词尾分别tdd；(one→first two→second three→third) 八去t，九除e; (eight→eighth nine→ninth) ve要用f替; (five→fifth twelve→twelfth) 整十基数变序数，先把ty变tie；(twenty→twentieth) 要是遇到两位数，十位基数个位序;(twenty-one→twenty-first) th最后加上去。 (twenty-five→twenty-fifth) (2) 表示次序，通常与the连用，但如果序数词前用形容词性物主代词，名词所有格等同一位置修饰词，the 要省略。 · It is my first time to Shanghai. 这是我第一次去上海。 · I am fourteen years old. It’s my fourteenth birthday. 我14岁了，这是我第14个生日。 【练一练】单项选择 —How old is your sister? —________. We had a special party for her ________ birthday last Sunday. A．Nine; ninth B．Ninth; the nine C．Nine; nine D．Ninth; the ninth 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——你的姐姐多大？——九岁。上周日，我们为她的九岁生日举行了一个特别的聚会。 考查数词辨析。nine九，基数词；ninth第九，序数词。第一空表示“九岁”，用基数词；第二个空表示顺序，用序数词，空前有her修饰，序数词前不用冠词，故选A。 (3) 表示分数：分子用基数词，分母用序数词。当分子大1时，分母为序数词加s。口诀：分子基，分母序，分子大于1，分母加s。 注意: 分数词的几种特殊形式. 1/2—one second = a half 1/3—one third = a third 1/4—one fourth = a quarter 3/4—three fourths = three quarters (4) the+序数词表示次序；a +序数词表示“又一”“再一”。 · He has tried twice, but he wants a third try. 他已经试了两次，但是他想再试一次。 (5) 日期表达：年份用基数词，日期用序数词，表达顺序为“月、日、年”或“日、月、年” · Jim’s birthday is on June 21st,2011. 吉姆的生日是2011年6月21日。 【练一练】单项选择 My mother’s birthday is on ________ of December. A．the twenty-three B．twenty-third C．twentieth-third D．the twenty-third 【答案】D 【解析】句意：我妈妈的生日在12月23号。 考查日期表达法。英语中表达日期时，应用序数词，排除A；日期表达方式为：the+序数词+of+月份。故选D。 3. It has an area of 160 square metres.它的面积是160平方米。 Our flat is 98 square metres in area.我们的公寓面积是98平方米。 area n. 意为“面积”。 短语：have an area of ...“有……面积”= be ...in area/size，如： The room has an area of 12 square metres. =The room is 12 square metres in area/size. 这个房间面积是12平方米。 【拓展】area的其他含义有：“领域，方面，地区”。如： · There is heavy traffic in the downtown area tonight. 今夜闹市区交通繁忙。  · She knows the local area very well. 她非常了解这地区的情况。 4. She is always the fist in her class to get to school.她总是班上第一个到学校的人。 短语：be the first to do sth. 第一个做...，此处to get to school为动词不定式短语作后置定语，修饰the first。 【拓展】 (1) It is one’s first time to do sth. 某人第一次做某事。 for the first time 第一次 (2) The first man to do sth. 第一个做某事的人。 · It’s my first time to go to Beijing. 这是我第一次去北京。 · He is the first man to reach the office. 他是第一个到达办公室的人。 (3) be the last to do sth 最后一个做... 【练一练】单项选择 It is her first time ________ dinner. She thinks she will have lots of fun with it. A. cook B. cooking C. to cook D.cooks 【答案】C 【解析】句意：这是她第一次做饭。她认为她会玩得很开心。 考查it固定句型。“It is one’s first time to do sth.”意为“某人第一次做某事”，结合语境，故选C。 知识梳理 Pronunciation 单词的音节 【练一练】 一、判断下列单词的音节数量。 1. happy （ ） 2. country （ ） 3. party （ ） 4. computer （ ） 5. tomato （ ） 【答案】22233 二、下列单词中，判断复数形式是否增加了音节，是则打√，否则打× 1. boy, boys （ ） 2. city, cities （ ） 3. toy, toys （ ） 4. story, stories （ ） 5. key, keys （ ） 【答案】1. ×2. √3. ×4. √5. × Integration 1. Made of stone and seagrass.由石头和海草制成。 【辨析】be made of、be made from、be made by和be made in be made of 意为“由...制成”（指能看得出原材料），如：The desk is made of wood.桌子是由木头制成的。 be made form 意为“由...制成”（指看不出原材料），如：The paper is made from wood.纸是由木头制成的。 be made by 意为“由...制造”（后一般跟人，指被谁制成），如：The sweater is made by my mother.这件毛衣是由我妈妈织的。 be made in 意为“制造于，在...制造”（后一般跟产地，地名或国家），如：The car is made in China.这辆汽车是在中国制造的。 【练一练】单项选择 This cake ______ my mother. She is a great cook. A. is made of B. is made from C. is made in D. is made by 【答案】D 【解析】蛋糕是由妈妈制作的，强调制作人，用 “is made by”。 度或物体长度；“How far” 用于询问距离；“How often” 用于询问动作发生的频率；“How soon” 用于询问再过多久做某事，所以答案是 C。 2. Because life there is free and relaxing, and it’s interesting to move with the seasons.因为那里的生活是自由且放松的，随着季节变化迁徙也很有趣。 (1) 【精讲】free adj. 自由的，词形变化：freedom n.自由 adj. 空闲的，有时间的 be free空闲的，in one’s free time在某人的空闲时间里 adj. 免费的 sth be free 【练一练】单项选择 --Mr Wu, may I ask you some questions? --Sure, feel __________ to ask me. A.good B. free C. happy D. well 【答案】B 【解析】看选项，定考点。本题考查形容词的词义辨析,题意为“吴先生，我能问你一些问题吗？”回答应该是“当然，尽管问。”我们用feel free to ask表达,故答案为B。 (2) It’s interesting to move with the seasons.此句是固定句型：It’s + adj + to do sth.，意为“做某事是...的”，其中“it”是形式主语，“to do sth”是真正的主语，引申而来的句型还有：It’s adj for sb to do sth.，意为“对某人来说，做某事是...的”如： It’s great to live in a neighbourhood like that.住在像那样的一个社区里真是太好了。 It's important for us to learn Chinese well.对我们来说学好汉语很重要。 【练一练】单项选择 It is difficult ______ me ______ math problems. A. for; to solve B. of; to solve C. for; solving D. of; solving 【答案】A 【解析】“It is + adj. + for sb. + to do sth.” 是固定结构，“做某事对某人来说是…… 的”，这里 “对我来说” 用 “for me”，后面接动词不定式 “to solve”，所以选 A。 3. The beach is a great place to relax and have fun.这个海滩是放松和玩乐的好地方。 短语：a great place to do sth 做某事的好地方，此句型中“to do sth”作后置定语修饰前面的名词place。如： Living room is a great place to chat and watch TV.客厅是聊天和看电视的好地方。 【练一练】用所给词的适当形式填空 The balcony is a great place ____________ (enjoy) the view. 【答案】to enjoy 【解析】依据该结构，“阳台是欣赏风景的好地方”，填 “to enjoy”。 4. I can smell the flowers and hear the birds sing.我能闻到花香，听到鸟儿歌唱。 (1) smell v.意为“闻，嗅”，如：Can you smell something burning?你能闻到什么东西烧焦了吗？ smell 作系动词，意为“闻起来”，后接形容词作表语。如：The flowers smell nice.这些花闻起来很香。 【拓展】其他的感官系动词 look 看起来 sound 听起来 taste 尝起来 feel感觉；摸起来 (2) 【辨析】hear sb do sth和hear sb doing sth hear sb do sth 听到某人经常做某事或听到某人做了某事（强调动作的全过程） hear sb doing sth 听到某人正在做某事（强调动作正在进行） I often hear him sing in the next room.我经常听到他在隔壁房间唱歌。 I heard him singing in the next room when I walk past just now.刚才我走过时，听见他在隔壁房间正在唱歌。 类似的用法的动词还有watch，see，notice，look at以及listen to等。 【练一练】单项选择 When I passed by the park, I heard some girls ______ happily. A. laugh B. to laugh C. laughing D. laughed 【答案】C 【解析】when 引导的时间状语从句表示当一个动作发生时，另一个动作正在进行，hear sb doing sth 强调动作正在进行，所以用 laughing。 5. The house is big, so my grandparents can live with us and we can take good care of them.房子很大，所以我的祖父母可以和我们住在一起，我们可以好好照顾他们。 短语：take good care of... = look after ... well 把...照顾得好，如； I can take good care of my little cat. = I can look after my little cat well.我能照顾好我的小猫。 【拓展】care about 关心，关怀 care for照顾，喜欢，爱护 【练一练】句型转换 You should take good care of your books.（改为同义句） You should ______ your books ______. 【答案】look after; well。 【解析】“take good care of” 的同义短语是 “look after...well”。 6. My dream home is a(n) ... away from/ in the centre of/ near ...我梦想中的家是一个…远离/在…中心/靠近…。 短语：in the center of 在...中心 centre n.<英> 中心=<美>center → central adj. 中心的；主要的 central park 中央公园 central bank 中央银行 CCTV=China Central Television 中央电视台 【区分】in the middle of&in the center of (1) 表示立体事物的中心，一般只用centre，而不能用middle。 · the centre of the ball 球心 (2) centre 多指物体的正中心，而 middle 则指中间或中部，因而它表示的位置不如 centre 精确。 【比较】 · the centre of the room 房间的正中央 · the middle of the room 房间的中间(不一定在正中间) (3) 表示学术、工业、商业等比喻用法中的“中心”，通常只能用centre, 而不能用 middle。 · Beijing is the political, economic and cultural centre of China. 北京是中国政治、经济和文化的中心。 (4) centre 只用于空间，而 middle 既可以用于空间，也可以用于时间或活动等。 · in the middle of September 九月中旬 【练一练】翻译句子 湖的中央有一个小岛。 a small island the lake. 【答案】There is；in the centre of Further study 7. 有关“家”的俗语。 (1) East or west, home is best.金窝银窝不如自己的狗窝。 (2) A good home is made, not bought.美好的家是亲手打造的，不是买来的。 (3) Home is the starting place of love, hope and dreams.家是爱、希望和梦想的起点。 (4) Home is where you park your heart.家是你心灵的停泊地。   例题精讲 一、单项选择。 1. There are __________ people in his family. They live on the __________ floor. A.five; nine B.fifth; nine C.five; ninth D.fifth; ninth 2. Please pass me __________ book on the right. A.four B.fourth C.the four D.the fourth 3. We gave away __________ books to the school library last year. A.six thousands B.six thousand C.six thousands of D.six thousand of 4. We say this number “5,043,001” __________. A.five million, and forty-three thousand and one B.five million and forty-three thousand and one C.five million, forty-three thousand, one D.five million, forty-three thousand and one 5. —__________ is your phone number? —Oh, you can call me at 5864-8877 any time. A.What B.How much C.How D.How much 6. —What’s the date today? —It is __________. A. Friday B.the fifth day C.January the fifth D.my birthday 【答案】CDBDA C 学科网（北京）股份有限公司原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 二、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。 1. My best friend Sandy lives on the (nine) floor. 2. December is the (twelve) month of the year. 3. The day after tomorrow is my grandfather's (90) birthday. 4. Tomorrow is my (thirteen) birthday. I'm going to have a party to celebrate it. 5. The principal, congratulated Yunnan University on its (hundred) anniversary(纪念日). 6. Poems of Timeless Acclaim (《千秋诗颂》) is China's (one) AI cartoon in history. 7. May is the (five) month of the year. 8. December 13th, 2025 is the (twelve) National Memorial Day for Nanjing Massacre Victims. 9. He is looking for a wonderful present for his mother's (forty) birthday. 10. The (nineteen) Hangzhou Asian Games is a beautiful gathering of nations. 【答案】1. ninth 2. twelfth 3. ninetieth 4. thirteenth5. hundredth6. first 7. fifth 8. twelfth 9. fortieth 10. nineteenth 三、根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词。 My dream home is in a small village. It is not 1. f______ from the city. There is a river in 2. f______ of my house. The water in it is very 3. c______ I can see many fish in it. There are many trees and flowers 4. a______ my house. The air is very 5. f______ I have a big garden. There are many vegetables and fruit trees in it. I like to grow flowers and keep some 6. p______ The house has two floors. On the 7. g______ floor, there is a kitchen, a dining room and a living room. There is also a bathroom. On the 8. f______ floor, there are three bedrooms and a study. I like to read books in the 9. s______. I love my dream home. I 10. h______ I can live in it one day. 1.  2. 3. 4. 5. 6.  7. 8. 9. 10. 【答案】1. far 2. front 3. clean 4. around 5. fresh 6. pets 7. ground 8. first 9. study 10. hope 课堂练习 一、单项选择 1. My aunt has only one child, and she wants child. A. the second B. a second C. two D. second 2. We will have a walk. A. ten minutes B. ten minutes’ C. ten-minutes D. ten-minute's 3. It's my daughter's birthday today. She's years old. A. eighteen B. eighteenth C. the eighteen D. the eighteenth 4. My grandma told me the number“9” stands for“long lasting”. So I chose the floor to live on. A. nine B. eighth C. ninth D. eight 5. Unluckily, people were killed in the earthquake. A. two thousands B. thousand of C. two thousands of D. thousands of 6. — Can you write the number sixty-five thousand six hundred and twenty-six? — Yes, it's . A. 65,662 B. 65,626 C. 56,662 D. 56,626 7. He got birthday cakes on his birthday. A. second; fifteen B. two; fifteen C. second; fifteenth D. two; fifteenth 8. This Saturday is my birthday. A. fourteen B. fourteenth C. forty D. the fortieth 9. Mrs Green lives in an old apartment with floors and she is going to celebrate her birthday. A. five; fiftieth B. fifth; the fiftieth C. five; the fiftieth D. fifth; fiftieth 10. I am child in my family. I have an elder brother and a younger sister. A. one B. the first C. the second D. the third 11. There are days in a week and Thursday is day of a week. A. seventh; five B. seven; fifth C. the seventh; five D. seven; the fifth 12. How do you say 5,179? A. Five thousands one hundred and seventy-nine. B. Five thousands one hundred seventy-nine. C. Five thousand one hundred seventy-nine. D. Five thousand one hundred and seventy-nine. 13. people go to see the film YOLO(《热辣滚烫》). About of them are young people. A. Millions of; five thousand B. Million of; five thousand C. Millions of; five thousands D. Million of; five thousands 【答案与解析】 1. B 句意：我的阿姨只有一个孩子，她想再要一个孩子。a second表示“再一个，又一个”，强调顺序或数量上的增加，不特指具体的“第二个”。 2. B 3. A 考查数词的用法。句意：今天是我女儿的生日，她18岁了。表示年龄要用基数词，所以 排除B和D两项；基数词不与冠词连用，所以C项也排除。故选 A。 4. C 5. D 6. B 7. D 8. B 当序数词前面有人称代词时，不需要加定冠词 the。 9. A 考查数词的用法。句意：格林夫人住在一个有五层的老公寓里，她将要庆祝她的五十岁生日。在表示有多少层楼时，应使用基数词，因此选项 B和D不正确；第二空指五十岁生日，应使用序数词，序数词前若有形容词性物主代词，前面不加 the。故选 A。 10. C 考查序数词。根据“I have an elder brother and a younger sister.(我有一个哥哥和一个妹妹)”可知,“我”是家中的第二个孩子。故选 C。 11. D 考查数词的用法。第一空用基数词 seven 表示具体数量；第二空用序数词 fifth 表示顺序，且序数词前要加定冠词 the。故选 D。 12. D 考查基数词的读法。在英语中，数字的读法是：第一个逗号用 thousand表示，百位和十位之间用 and连接，十位和个位之间用连字符连接。故选D。 13. A 考查数词。当 hundred/ thousand/ million 等词前无确切数字时，其后要加“s”，而且要和 of连用，表示不确切的数目,故排除 B、D 两项;当 hundred/ thousand/ million等词前有确切数字时,其后不加“s”，直接修饰可数名词复数形式或 of+代词复数形式。故选A。 二、根据汉语提示完成句子 1. 这座房子由石头和海草建成。 This house is __________ __________ stone and seagrass. 2. 在中国西南部的山区你能看到竹屋。 You can see bamboo houses in the mountain area of the __________ __________ of China. 【答案】1. made of 2. south-west 三、句型转换 1. I'd like to live on the grasslands.（对画线部分提问） __________ __________ you like to live? 2. The house is made of bamboo.（改为一般疑问句） __________ the house __________ of bamboo? 【答案】1. Where would 2. Is; made 课堂小结 课后作业 一、阅读理解 A Hello, everyone! I’m Kevin. I’d like to tell you something about my dream (梦想的) home. My dream home is near the beautiful beach (沙滩). It is not big, but it is a nice and quiet place. My dream house has two floors. It is not high. But for our family, it is enough. At the back of our house, there is a garden. We can grow flowers that we like. On the first floor is the living room. We receive guests (客人) there. In my spare time, my young brother and I can play together there. Our bedrooms are on the second floor. One is for my parents and the other is for my brother and me. There is a bed in my bedroom. It’s like a ship, and it’s very soft. There is a desk with a computer on it. I can surf the Internet or play computer games. I can often do my homework on the desk. My favorite place is the balcony. I can walk out to look at the beach and look up at the sky. This is my dream home. What about yours? 1．What is the writer’s dream house like? A．Big and nice. B．Nice and high. C．Beautiful and quiet. D．Big and quiet. 2．What can the writer do in the living room according to the passage? A．Grow flowers. B．Play with his brother. C．Play computer games. D．Do his homework. 3．What may the meaning of the underlined word (划线单词) “balcony” mostly be? A．厨房 B．地下室 C．阳台 D．阁楼 4．What is probably the structure (结构) of the passage? A． B． C． D． 【答案】1．C    2．B    3．C    4．A 【解析】本文讲述了作者梦想的家是怎么样的。 1．细节理解题。根据“My dream home is near the beautiful beach (沙滩). It is not big, but it is a nice and quiet place.”可知，作家的梦想之家是“美丽而安静”的。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“On the first floor is the living room. We receive guests (客人) there. In my spare time, my young brother and I can play together there.”可知，作者可以在客厅里和他弟弟一起玩。故选B。 3．词义猜测题。根据“I can walk out to look at the beach and look up at the sky.”可知，我可以走出去看海滩，仰望天空。因此，balcony的意思是“阳台”。故选C。 4．篇章结构题。文章第一自然段总的讲述作者梦想的家是怎么样的；第二自然段和第三自然段分别讲述作者家的客厅和卧室；第四自然段总结这是作者梦寐以求的家。因此，选项A符合题意。故选A。 B Here is my friend Paul’s bedroom. I can see a bed, a desk and a sofa in it. Oh, there is also a computer in his room. It’s on the desk. He likes playing computer games. Paul’s new schoolbag is on the bed. It’s 17 dollars. He doesn’t buy it in the supermarket. He buys it in Mr. Cool’s Bookstore. There are some books and a pencil case in his schoolbag. In the pencil case, there are three red pencils, two blue pens and one white ruler. There is a map on the wall (墙) in his bedroom. It’s a map of China. It’s a birthday present (礼物) from his father. Paul likes it very much. There are seven notebooks on the sofa. Are these all Paul’s? No, they aren’t. Two of them are his brother John’s. 5．What’s on the desk in Paul’s bedroom? A．A sofa. B．A computer. C．A schoolbag. D．A computer game. 6．Where does Paul buy his schoolbag? A．On the bed. B．In Mr.Cool’s Bookstore. C．In the supermarket. D．In Mr. Cool’s Clothes Store. 7．What color are the pens? A．They’re white. B．They’re brown. C．They’re red. D．They’re blue. 8．What do you know about the map? A．It’s a map of China. B．Paul doesn’t like the map. C．It’s on the wall in Paul’s classroom. D．Paul buys it as a birthday present for his father. 9．How many notebooks does Paul have? A．Nine. B．Seven. C．Five. D．Two. 【答案】5．B    6．B    7．D    8．A    9．C 【解析】本文主要介绍了我朋友保罗卧室内物品的摆放情况。 5．细节理解题。根据“Oh, there is also a computer in his room. It’s on the desk.”哦，他的房间里还有一台电脑。它在桌子上。可知保罗卧室的桌子上有一台电脑，故选B。 6．细节理解题。根据“Paul’s new schoolbag is on the bed. … He buys it in Mr. Cool’s Bookstore.”保罗的新书包在床上。……他在Cool先生的书店买的。可知保罗是在Cool先生的书店买的他的书包。故选B。 7．细节理解题。根据“In the pencil case, there are three red pencils, two blue pens and one white ruler.” 在铅笔盒里，有三支红色的铅笔，两支蓝色的钢笔和一把白色的尺子。可知钢笔是蓝色的。故选D。 8．细节理解题。根据“It’s a map of China.”这是一张中国地图。可知A选项符合题意，故选A。 9．推理判断题。根据“There are seven notebooks on the sofa. Are these all Paul’s? No, they aren’t. Two of them are his brother John’s.”沙发上有七个笔记本。这些都是保罗的吗?不，它们不是。其中两个是他哥哥约翰的。由此可以推知，保罗有五个笔记本，故选C。 三、书面表达 假设你是李明，你正在为学校的校报写一篇关于你梦想家园的文章。请根据以下提示，写一篇不少于 80 词的短文。 1. 你想住在海边的一个小镇上； 2. 房子是一座两层的小楼，有一个大花园； 3. 房子里有一个书房和三个卧室； 4. 你想和父母一起住在那里，周末可以一起在海滩上散步。 My dream home _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: My Dream Home I'd like to live in a small town by the seaside. There is a two-floor building as my home. It has a big garden. There is a study and three bedrooms in the house. I want to live there with my parents. On weekends, we can take a walk on the beach together. I think it will be very wonderful. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$