重点话题11人与社会 社会热点 完形填空-【同步拓展阅读】2024-2025学年高二英语阅读提升（通用版）

重点话题11人与社会-社会热点 完形填空 【同步拓展阅读】2024-2025学年高二英语阅读提升（通用版） 关于人与社会-社会热点完形填空，高二英语中涉及的高频词汇、短语和答题技巧归纳如下： 一、人与社会 - 社会热点 完形填空高频词汇和短语： （一）高频词汇 1.名词 社会现象类： phenomenon（现象）、 trend（趋势）、 issue（问题） challenge（挑战）、 solution（解决方案） crisis（危机） 人物角色类： volunteer（志愿者）、 leader（领导者）、 expert（专家、 citizen（公民）、 immigrant（移民）、 audience（观众；听众） 场所设施类： community（社区）、 stadium（体育场）、 theater（剧院） library（图书馆）、 museum（博物馆）、 hospital（医院） 抽象概念类： equality（平等）、 justice（公正）、 freedom（自由） responsibility（责任）、 opportunity（机会）、 pressure（压力） 2、动词 社会行为类： donate（捐赠）、 volunteer（自愿做）、 protest（抗议） organize（组织）、 demonstrate（示威；展示）、 participate（参加） 变化发展类： develop（发展）、 evolve（演变）、 progress（进步） improve（改善）、 decline（下降）、 transform（转变） 交流沟通类： communicate（交流）、 negotiate（协商）、 debate（辩论） inform（通知；告知） discuss（讨论）、 persuade（说服）、 态度情感类： appreciate（欣赏；感激） support（支持）、 oppose（反对）、 criticize（批评）、 admire（钦佩）、 sympathize（同情） 3.形容词 社会特征类： modern（现代的）、 traditional（传统的）、 urban（城市的）、 rural（农村的）、 global（全球的）、 local（当地的） 人物品质类： generous（慷慨的）、 selfless（无私的）、 brave（勇敢的） honest（诚实的）、 responsible（有责任心的）、 creative（有创造力的） 事物性质类： important（重要的）、 necessary（必要的）、 useful（有用的） harmful（有害的）、 beneficial（有益的）、 urgent（紧急的） 情感态度类： positive（积极的）、 negative（消极的）、 optimistic（乐观的） pessimistic（悲观的）、enthusiastic（热情的）、indifferent（冷漠的） 4.副词 程度类： extremely（极其）、 highly（高度地）、 greatly（非常） slightly（稍微）、 moderately（适度地） 频率类： frequently（频繁地）、 occasionally（偶尔） rarely（很少）、 usually（通常）、 always（总是） 逻辑类： therefore（因此）、 however（然而）、 otherwise（否则） meanwhile（与此同时）、 furthermore（此外） （二）高频短语 社会关系类：get along with（与…… 相处） keep in touch with（与…… 保持联系） have a good relationship with（与…… 有良好的关系） break up with（与…… 分手；断绝关系） 社会活动类：take part in（参加） join in（加入）、 carry out（实施） put on（举办；上演）、 set up（建立） 变化趋势类：grow up（成长；长大） grow into（成长为） turn into（变成） die out（灭绝） die away（逐渐消失） 逻辑关系类：on the one hand...on the other hand...（一方面…… 另一方面……） in addition（此外） in contrast（相比之下） as a result（结果） because of（因为） 其他常用类：in fact（事实上） in general（一般来说） in conclusion（总之） at least（至少） 二、如何提高高二学生在完形填空中对社会热点相关词汇和短语的运用能力？ 要提高学生在完形填空中对社会热点相关词汇和短语的运用能力，可从词汇积累、语篇训练、技巧培养、拓展阅读这几个维度着手： （一）强化词汇积累 1.搭建热点词汇框架：依据社会热点主题，如环保、科技、教育、健康等，构建词汇体系。以 “环保” 为例，让学生围绕该主题，罗列出相关的名词（pollution 污染、environment 环境、recycling 回收利用 ）、动词（protect 保护、preserve 保存 、pollute 污染）、形容词（eco - friendly 环保的、sustainable 可持续的）。如此，学生能对各主题词汇形成系统认知，便于在完形填空中快速联想。 2.深度挖掘词汇细节：不光要记忆词义，还需掌握词汇的用法、搭配及词性变化。比如 “issue”，作名词表示 “问题”，常见搭配 “environmental issue 环境问题”；作动词时，意为 “发布、发行”，如 “issue a statement 发布声明”。督促学生整理这些用法，强化记忆。 3.善用词汇记忆法：鼓励学生采用多样化记忆法，如词根词缀法，“bio -” 表示 “生命、生物”，那么 “biology 生物学”“biodegradable 可生物降解的” 就容易记忆；谐音记忆法，“ambulance 救护车” 发音类似 “俺不能死”，帮助学生加深印象；联想记忆法，由 “recycle 回收利用” 联想到资源节约与环境保护，增强词汇间的联系。 4.词汇游戏巩固：借助词汇游戏提升学生兴趣，如词汇接龙，用上一个单词的词尾作为下一个社会热点单词的词首，像 “pollution - nutrition（健康话题相关）” ；猜词游戏，一人描述社会热点词汇的含义、用法或给出例句，另一人猜出词汇。 （二）加强语篇训练 1.剖析热点完型真题：选取历年高考及模拟题中社会热点类完形填空，引导学生分析题目。从文章主旨、段落结构入手，探究上下文逻辑关系，明确词汇在不同语境中的运用。例如，通过分析环保主题完型，让学生明白为何在描述环境改善措施时，会选用 “implement（实施）” 而非 “carry（携带，虽有 carry out 表实施，但此处需精准理解）”。 2.开展专项练习：搜集或编写各类社会热点完型练习题，涵盖不同话题和难度层次。规定时间让学生练习，模拟考试情境，提升答题速度与准确性。练习后，详细讲解答案，着重分析词汇运用的依据。 3.鼓励自主创作：布置任务让学生围绕社会热点话题，运用所学词汇和短语创作短文或对话。完成后，组织学生互相批改，既能锻炼词汇运用能力，又能从他人错误中学习。 （三）培养解题技巧 1.巧用上下文线索：教导学生在做题时，留意上下文给出的线索，如同义词、反义词、解释说明等。比 如， 前文提到 “People are increasingly concerned about the environment. They take various ____ to protect it.（人们越来越关注环境。他们采取各种____来保护它。）”，后文出现 “plant trees 种树”“reduce waste 减少浪费” 等具体行为，由此可推断此处应填 “measures 措施”。 2.结合逻辑关系判断：依据句子间的并列、转折、因果等逻辑关系选择合适词汇。像 “Many people support the new policy, ____ some still have doubts.（许多人支持新政策，____有些人仍有疑虑。）”，前后句为转折关系，应填 “but”。 3.代入选项验证：将选项逐一代入原文，从语法、语义、搭配等方面综合考量，判断是否符合语境。如选项是 “make/do/take/get”，与 “effort” 搭配，“make an effort 做出努力” 是正确表达，代入原文语义通顺，即为正确答案。 （四）拓展阅读与文化了解 1.丰富阅读素材：推荐学生阅读《21 世纪学生英文报》、《China Daily》等英文报刊，以及英语新闻网站、英文杂志中社会热点相关文章。阅读时，要求学生标注并整理新学词汇和短语，加深理解与记忆。 2.了解文化背景：社会热点与文化背景紧密相连，让学生了解国内外文化差异、社会习俗、政策法规等知识。例如，在学习国际合作话题时，了解不同国家的外交政策与合作模式，有助于更好地理解文章和运用相关词汇。 三、人与社会-社会热点完形填空精练试题： （一）环保主题 Laura encourages her two kids to make crafts and drawings from old bits of packaging. She began（1）____ her family's waste when she moved house and decided that she would leave all single-use（2）____ behind. "It's cheaper and you know that the item will（3）____ being used instead of being set aside—so it's just perfect! Each of us play a big（4）____ in taking care of the environment. It's（5）____ to try to help rather than just keep complaining about the current situation." Any glass container is（6）____ and repurposed for something else. This means that the family only send a piece of（7）____ to landfill every two weeks on average. She tries not to buy any plastic at all, but when she has to, she will get it（8）____ washed and recycled. The family also grow their own tomatoes, lettuce, and some other vegetables in the garden, and have orange trees outdoors. Laura has also（9）____ herself in a community of friends who（10）____ items with each other that they need, like furniture or plates. She said, "We tried to（11）____ the minimum and take over some toys and baby equipment from friends and relatives. If we really had to（12）____ anything, first we tried at the（13）____ market." To help educate her kids, Laura takes them out on nature walks to the forest where they（14）____ rubbish as they go. "They enjoy this（15）____, because they know it's better for the environment." she said. 1.A. considering B. reducing C. analyzing D. dividing 2.A. pots B. handles C. items D. collections 3.A. continue B. stop C. fancy D. delay 4.A. game B. lead C. match D. role 5.A. original B. enjoyable C. cautious D. normal 6.A. paid back B. left out C. washed up D. taken away 7.A. equipment B. furniture C. glass D. rubbish 8.A. thoroughly B. delightedly C. modestly D. accidentally 9.A. devoted B. found C. exposed D. buried 10.A. occupy B. trade C. discuss D. clarify 11.A. refuse B. value C. book D. consume 12.A. purchase B. discover C. approach D. preserve 13.A. far-away B. duty-free C. second-hand D. life-long 14.A. pull out B. pick up C. hold back D. keep off 15.A. activity B. exercise C. theme D. jungle 答案及解析 1.答案：B 解析：根据下文可知 Laura 致力于环保，所以此处是说她开始减少家庭垃圾，reduce 有 “减少” 之意，故选 B。 2.答案：C 解析：single-use items 指 “一次性物品”，符合语境，故选 C。 3.答案：A 解析：根据语境，这样物品会继续被使用而不是被搁置，continue “继续”，故选 A。 4.答案：D 解析：play a role in“在…… 中起作用”，是固定搭配，故选 D。 5.答案：B 解析：根据语境可知，努力去帮忙是令人愉快的，而不是一味抱怨，enjoyable “令人愉快的”，故选 B。 6.答案：C 解析：wash up “洗净”，这里指玻璃容器被洗净后重新用作其他用途，故选 C。 7.答案：D 解析：根据语境，他们家每两周才送一点垃圾去填埋场，rubbish “垃圾”，故选 D。 8.答案：A 解析：thoroughly “彻底地”，此处指把塑料彻底清洗后回收，故选 A。 9.答案：B 解析：find oneself in“发现自己处于…… 状态”，这里指 Laura 身处一个朋友群体中，故选 B。 10.答案：B 解析：trade “交换”，他们互相交换所需物品，故选 B。 11.答案：D 解析：consume “消费”，这里指尽量减少消费，故选 D。 12.答案：A 解析：根据语境，如果真的需要购买东西，purchase “购买”，故选 A。 13.答案：C 解析：second-hand market “二手市场”，符合环保理念，故选 C。 14.答案：B 解析：pick up “捡起”，他们在森林里边走边捡垃圾，故选 B。 15.答案：A 解析：他们喜欢捡垃圾这个活动，activity “活动”，故选 A。 （二）关于人工智能 In recent years, artificial intelligence (AI) has developed at an astonishing pace and has become an important part of our daily lives. From voice assistants on our phones to self-driving cars, AI is 1 many aspects of society. However, with the rapid development of AI, there are also some 2. Some people worry that AI will 3 human jobs. For example, in some factories, robots have replaced a large number of workers. Others are concerned about the ethical (伦理的) issues 4 with AI. For instance, when autonomous vehicles have to make a 5 in an emergency situation, whose life should be saved first? Despite these concerns, AI also 6 great opportunities. It can help doctors diagnose diseases more accurately, improve agricultural production, and 7 scientific research. In education, AI can provide personalized learning experiences for students, 8 their learning efficiency. To make the most of AI and 9 its potential risks, it is essential that governments, scientists, and the public work together. Regulations need to be 10 to ensure that AI is developed and used in a safe and ethical manner. At the same time, the public should be educated about AI to increase their understanding and 11 of this technology. In conclusion, AI is a 12 force that is changing the world. While we enjoy the 13 it brings, we also need to be aware of the challenges it poses and take 14 measures to guide its development. Only in this way can we 15 a better future with the help of AI. 1.A. shaping B. destroying C. leaving D. avoiding 2.A. opportunities B. challenges C. advantages D. achievements 3.A. create B. expand C. replace D. improve 4.A. connected B. compared C. filled D. covered 5.A. decision B. mistake C. promise D. comment 6.A. misses B. brings C. reduces D. removes 7.A. delay B. prevent C. promote D. oppose 8.A. wasting B. measuring C. affecting D. enhancing 9.A. increase B. control C. overlook D. ignore 10.A. broken B. cancelled C. established D. forgotten 11.A. acceptance B. doubt C. fear D. refusal 12.A. weak B. negative C. powerful D. strange 13.A. troubles B. benefits C. pressures D. threats 14.A. appropriate B. extreme C. unnecessary D. impossible 15.A. destroy B. imagine C. abandon D. build 答案及解析 1.答案：A 解析：根据上文提到人工智能在生活中的广泛应用可知，它正在塑造社会的许多方面，shape 有 “塑造” 之意，故选 A。 2.答案：B 解析：由下文人们的担忧可知，人工智能的快速发展也带来了一些挑战，challenge “挑战”，故选 B。 3.答案：C 解析：从下文机器人取代大量工人可知，人们担心人工智能会取代人类的工作，replace “取代”，故选 C。 4.答案：A 解析：connected with“与…… 有关”，这里指与人工智能有关的伦理问题，故选 A。 5.答案：A 解析：make a decision “做决定”，在紧急情况下，自动驾驶汽车要做决定，故选 A。 6.答案：B 解析：尽管有担忧，但人工智能也带来了巨大的机会，bring “带来”，故选 B。 7.答案：C 解析：人工智能可以促进科学研究，promote “促进”，故选 C。 8.答案：D 解析：在教育方面，人工智能能提高学生的学习效率，enhance“提高，增强”，故选 D。 9.答案：B 解析：为了充分利用人工智能并控制其潜在风险，control “控制”，故选 B。 10.答案：C 解析：需要建立规章制度来确保人工智能安全、合乎伦理地发展，establish “建立”，故选 C。 11.答案：A 解析：教育公众关于人工智能的知识，是为了增加他们对这项技术的理解和接受度，acceptance “接受”，故选 A。 12.答案：C 解析：人工智能是一股强大的力量，正在改变世界，powerful “强大的”，故选 C。 13.答案：B 解析：我们享受人工智能带来的好处，benefit“好处，益处”，故选 B。 14.答案：A 解析：我们需要采取适当的措施来引导它的发展，appropriate “适当的”，故选 A。 15.答案：D 解析：只有这样我们才能在人工智能的帮助下建设一个更美好的未来，build “建设”，故选 D。 （三）动物保护主题 Pangolins（穿山甲）are the world's most heavily poached（偷猎）mammal. And three out of four Asian pangolin species are critically（1）____ now—heavy demands for their meat, scales, and blood have（2）____ them with extinction. Growing up near Cuc Phuong National Park in Vietnam's Red River Delta, Thai Van Nguyen had been accustomed to seeing dead pangolins. （3）, everything changed when he witnessed his neighbor killing a baby pangolin. It was then that his（4） to save pangolins was ignited. And he knew the biggest（5）____ would be shifting the mindset and habits of the Vietnamese people. To change the fate of the pangolins, Nguyen set out to（6）____ the public on the importance of pangolin conservation. His efforts（7）____ a series of outreach and education campaigns: he published research in peer-reviewed journals, attended international workshops, and developed Vietnam's first reintroduction and tracking programme for pangolins. Then Nguyen founded 1.A. endangered B. hunted C. extinct D. preserved 2.A. provided B. faced C. compared D. connected 3.A. Therefore B. However C. Besides D. Otherwise 4.A. dream B. ability C. determination D. opportunity 5.A. challenge B. task C. goal D. mistake 6.A. amuse B. inform C. remind D. warn 7.A. resulted from B. put off C. turned down D. led to 答案及解析 1.答案：A 解析：根据前文说穿山甲是被偷猎最严重的哺乳动物，可知这里是说四种亚洲穿山甲中有三种处于极度濒危状态，endangered “濒危的”，故选 A。 2.答案：B 解析：face...with...“使…… 面临……”，这里指对它们的肉、鳞片和血液的大量需求使它们面临灭绝，故选 B。 3.答案：B 解析：前后是转折关系，之前习惯看到死的穿山甲，然而看到邻居杀小穿山甲后一切都变了，however “然而”，故选 B。 4.答案：C 解析：看到那一幕后，他拯救穿山甲的决心被点燃了，determination “决心”，故选 C。 5.答案：A 解析：他知道最大的挑战是改变越南人的观念和习惯，challenge “挑战”，故选 A。 6.答案：B 解析：inform sb. on sth.“告知某人关于某事”，他开始向公众宣传穿山甲保护的重要性，故选 B。 7.答案：D 解析：lead to“导致，引发”，他的努力引发了一系列的宣传和教育活动，故选 D （四）关于垃圾分类 In recent years, garbage classification has become a hot topic in many cities. With the improvement of people's living standards, the amount of garbage produced is increasing 1. However, only a small part of it is recycled, and most of it ends up in landfills or is incinerated, which not only takes up a lot of land resources but also 2 the environment. Garbage classification is of great significance. It can not only reduce environmental pollution but also 3 the reuse of resources. For example, paper, plastic, and metal can be recycled and made into new products after being properly processed. In this way, we can save natural resources and 4 the cost of resource extraction and processing. To promote garbage classification, many cities have taken a series of measures. They have 5 a large number of garbage classification bins in communities and on the streets, making it more convenient for people to classify garbage. At the same time, publicity and education activities have been carried out to 6 people's awareness of garbage classification. Schools have also included garbage classification education in their teaching content, 7 students to develop good garbage classification habits from an early age. 8 , there are still some problems in the process of garbage classification. Some people do not have a deep understanding of garbage classification and still throw garbage randomly. Others find it 9 to classify garbage correctly due to the complexity of the classification standards. In addition, the connection between different links in the garbage classification process, such as collection, transportation, and treatment, is not yet 10 , which also affects the effect of garbage classification. In general, garbage classification is a long-term and systematic project that requires the joint efforts of the whole society. We should actively support and participate in garbage classification, and 11 our own strength to create a better living environment. Only in this way can we achieve the 12 of sustainable development and make our earth a more beautiful home. 1.A. slowly B. sharply C. slightly D. hardly 2.A. protects B. improves C. pollutes D. cleans 3.A. promote B. prevent C. stop D. limit 4.A. increase B. balance C. control D. reduce 5.A. taken away B. set up C. put off D. picked out 6.A. raise B. lower C. change D. lose 7.A. forbidding B. forcing C. encouraging D. allowing 8.A. Therefore B. However C. Besides D. Otherwise 9.A. easy B. interesting C. difficult D. boring 10.A. smooth B. broken C. simple D. complex 11.A. waste B. save C. use D. contribute 12.A. goal B. rule C. method D. standard 答案及解析 1.答案：B 解析：随着人们生活水平的提高，垃圾产生量应该是急剧增加，sharply “急剧地”，符合语境，故选 B。 2.答案：C 解析：大部分垃圾填埋或焚烧，这会污染环境，pollute “污染”，故选 C。 3.答案：A 解析：垃圾分类能促进资源的再利用，promote “促进”，故选 A。 4.答案：D 解析：通过资源回收利用，可以减少资源开采和加工的成本，reduce “减少”，故选 D。 5.答案：B 解析：很多城市在社区和街道设置了大量的分类垃圾桶，set up“设置，建立”，故选 B。 6.答案：A 解析：开展宣传教育活动是为了提高人们的垃圾分类意识，raise “提高”，故选 A。 7.答案：C 解析：学校将垃圾分类教育纳入教学内容，是鼓励学生从小养成良好的垃圾分类习惯，encourage “鼓励”，故选 C。 8.答案：B 解析：前面说采取了措施，后面说仍存在问题，是转折关系，however “然而”，故选 B。 9.答案：C 解析：由于分类标准复杂，一些人觉得正确分类垃圾有困难，difficult “困难的”，故选 C。 10.答案：A 解析：垃圾分类过程中不同环节之间的衔接不顺畅，smooth “顺畅的”，故选 A。 11.答案：D 解析：我们应该贡献自己的力量来创造更好的生活环境，contribute “贡献”，故选 D。 12.答案：A 解析：这样我们才能实现可持续发展的目标，goal “目标”，故选 A。 （五）人工智能主题 In recent years, artificial intelligence (AI) has developed rapidly and has had a profound impact on various fields of society. AI technology is 1 in many aspects of our lives, from smart phones and self-driving cars to medical diagnosis and financial services. One of the most remarkable 2 of AI is in the field of image recognition. It can accurately identify faces, objects, and scenes, which is widely used in security systems and autonomous vehicles. For example, self-driving cars rely on AI to 3 the road conditions, recognize traffic signs and pedestrians, and make driving decisions. This not only improves driving safety but also 4 the efficiency of transportation. In the medical field, AI also plays an important role. It can assist doctors in reading medical images, such as X-rays and CT scans, to detect diseases and tumors more 5. In addition, AI can analyze a large amount of medical data to predict the occurrence of diseases and provide personalized treatment plans for patients. However, the development of AI also brings some 6. For example, with the increasing application of AI in the workplace, some jobs may be replaced by machines, resulting in unemployment for some people. Moreover, issues such as data privacy and security have become increasingly prominent. If AI systems are hacked, the personal information of a large number of people may be 7 . To address these challenges, it is necessary to establish relevant laws and regulations to 8 the development of AI. At the same time, we should also strengthen research and education in the field of AI to improve people's understanding and application ability of AI. Only in this way can we 9 the advantages of AI and minimize its negative impacts, making it better serve humanity and promote the 10 of society. 1.A. applied B. discovered C. invented D. created 2.A. achievements B. challenges C. problems D. failures 3.A. change B. control C. monitor D. improve 4.A. reduces B. increases C. balances D. limits 5.A. slowly B. carelessly C. accurately D. randomly 6.A. opportunities B. benefits C. risks D. surprises 7.A. protected B. stolen C. analyzed D. stored 8.A. prevent B. promote C. guide D. stop 9.A. take advantage of B. get rid of C. make up for D. give in to 10.A. decline B. crisis C. conflict D. progress 答案及解析 1.答案：A 解析：人工智能技术在我们生活的许多方面被应用，apply “应用”，符合语境，故选 A。 2.答案：A 解析：根据后文可知这里说的是人工智能在图像识别领域取得的显著成就，achievement “成就”，故选 A。 3.答案：C 解析：自动驾驶汽车依靠人工智能来监测路况，monitor “监测”，故选 C。 4.答案：B 解析：自动驾驶提高了交通安全，也提高了交通效率，increase “提高”，故选 B。 5.答案：C 解析：人工智能能帮助医生更准确地检测疾病和肿瘤，accurately “准确地”，故选 C。 6.答案：C 解析：根据后文提到的失业、数据隐私等问题可知，人工智能的发展也带来了一些风险，risk “风险”，故选 C。 7.答案：B 解析：如果人工智能系统被黑，大量人的个人信息可能会被窃取，steal “窃取”，故选 B。 8.答案：C 解析：需要建立相关法律法规来引导人工智能的发展，guide “引导”，故选 C。 9.答案：A 解析：我们要利用人工智能的优势，take advantage of “利用”，故选 A。 10.答案：D 解析：让人工智能更好地服务人类，促进社会进步，progress “进步”，故选 D。 （六）关于环保主题 Climate change is one of the most pressing issues of our time. The Earth's temperature is rising, 1 sea levels are increasing, and extreme weather events are becoming more frequent. These changes are having a significant impact on our planet and 2 the lives of people and animals. One of the main causes of climate change is the 3 of greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide, into the atmosphere. These gases are released from the burning of fossil fuels, such as coal, oil, and gas, which are used to generate electricity, power vehicles, and heat buildings. Deforestation also 4 to climate change, as trees absorb carbon dioxide and release oxygen. To 5 climate change, we need to reduce our carbon footprint. This means using less energy, driving less, and eating less meat. We can also use renewable energy sources, such as solar, wind, and hydro power, which do not release greenhouse gases. 6 , we need to protect our forests and plant more trees. In addition to reducing our carbon footprint, we also need to 7 to the impacts of climate change. This means building stronger infrastructure, such as sea walls and flood barriers, to protect against rising sea levels and extreme weather events. We also need to develop more drought-resistant and flood-resistant crops to ensure food security. Finally, we need to raise 8 about climate change and encourage others to take action. We can do this by talking to our friends and family, joining environmental organizations, and participating in climate change marches and rallies. 1.A. but B. and C. or D. so 2.A. threatening B. protecting C. improving D. changing 3.A. reduction B. production C. release D. consumption 4.A. adapts B. contributes C. leads D. objects 5.A. cause B. ignore C. address D. accelerate 6.A. Moreover B. However C. Otherwise D. Therefore 7.A. adapt B. oppose C. respond D. stick 8.A. money B. awareness C. voice D. standard 答案及解析 1.答案：B 解析：前后句 “The Earth's temperature is rising” 和 “sea levels are increasing” 是并列关系，地球温度上升，海平面上升，用 and 连接，故选 B。 2.答案：A 解析：气候变化对地球有重大影响，并且威胁着人类和动物的生命。threaten “威胁”，符合语境，故选 A。 3.答案：C 解析：根据后文 “These gases are released from...” 可知，这里说的是温室气体被释放到大气中，release “释放”，故选 C。 4.答案：B 解析：contribute to 是固定短语，意为 “导致，促成”，这里指森林砍伐也导致了气候变化，故选 B。 5.答案：C 解析：address 有 “处理，解决” 的意思，这里说为了解决气候变化问题，我们需要减少碳足迹，故选 C。 6.答案：A 解析：前文说要减少碳足迹，这里说还要保护森林和种更多树，是递进关系，moreover“此外，而且”，故选 A。 7.答案：A 解析：adapt to “适应”，这里指我们还需要适应气候变化的影响，故选 A。 8.答案：B 解析：raise awareness “提高意识”，我们需要提高关于气候变化的意识，鼓励他人采取行动，故选 B。 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 1 / 15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 重点话题11人与社会-社会热点 完形填空 【同步拓展阅读】2024-2025学年高二英语阅读提升（通用版） 关于人与社会-社会热点完形填空，高二英语中涉及的高频词汇、短语和答题技巧归纳如下： 一、人与社会 - 社会热点 完形填空高频词汇和短语： （一）高频词汇 1.名词 社会现象类： phenomenon（现象）、 trend（趋势）、 issue（问题） challenge（挑战）、 solution（解决方案） crisis（危机） 人物角色类： volunteer（志愿者）、 leader（领导者）、 expert（专家、 citizen（公民）、 immigrant（移民）、 audience（观众；听众） 场所设施类： community（社区）、 stadium（体育场）、 theater（剧院） library（图书馆）、 museum（博物馆）、 hospital（医院） 抽象概念类： equality（平等）、 justice（公正）、 freedom（自由） responsibility（责任）、 opportunity（机会）、 pressure（压力） 2、动词 社会行为类： donate（捐赠）、 volunteer（自愿做）、 protest（抗议） organize（组织）、 demonstrate（示威；展示）、 participate（参加） 变化发展类： develop（发展）、 evolve（演变）、 progress（进步） improve（改善）、 decline（下降）、 transform（转变） 交流沟通类： communicate（交流）、 negotiate（协商）、 debate（辩论） inform（通知；告知） discuss（讨论）、 persuade（说服）、 态度情感类： appreciate（欣赏；感激） support（支持）、 oppose（反对）、 criticize（批评）、 admire（钦佩）、 sympathize（同情） 3.形容词 社会特征类： modern（现代的）、 traditional（传统的）、 urban（城市的）、 rural（农村的）、 global（全球的）、 local（当地的） 人物品质类： generous（慷慨的）、 selfless（无私的）、 brave（勇敢的） honest（诚实的）、 responsible（有责任心的）、 creative（有创造力的） 事物性质类： important（重要的）、 necessary（必要的）、 useful（有用的） harmful（有害的）、 beneficial（有益的）、 urgent（紧急的） 情感态度类： positive（积极的）、 negative（消极的）、 optimistic（乐观的） pessimistic（悲观的）、enthusiastic（热情的）、indifferent（冷漠的） 4.副词 程度类： extremely（极其）、 highly（高度地）、 greatly（非常） slightly（稍微）、 moderately（适度地） 频率类： frequently（频繁地）、 occasionally（偶尔） rarely（很少）、 usually（通常）、 always（总是） 逻辑类： therefore（因此）、 however（然而）、 otherwise（否则） meanwhile（与此同时）、 furthermore（此外） （二）高频短语 社会关系类：get along with（与…… 相处） keep in touch with（与…… 保持联系） have a good relationship with（与…… 有良好的关系） break up with（与…… 分手；断绝关系） 社会活动类：take part in（参加） join in（加入）、 carry out（实施） put on（举办；上演）、 set up（建立） 变化趋势类：grow up（成长；长大） grow into（成长为） turn into（变成） die out（灭绝） die away（逐渐消失） 逻辑关系类：on the one hand...on the other hand...（一方面…… 另一方面……） in addition（此外） in contrast（相比之下） as a result（结果） because of（因为） 其他常用类：in fact（事实上） in general（一般来说） in conclusion（总之） at least（至少） 二、如何提高高二学生在完形填空中对社会热点相关词汇和短语的运用能力？ 要提高学生在完形填空中对社会热点相关词汇和短语的运用能力，可从词汇积累、语篇训练、技巧培养、拓展阅读这几个维度着手： （一）强化词汇积累 1.搭建热点词汇框架：依据社会热点主题，如环保、科技、教育、健康等，构建词汇体系。以 “环保” 为例，让学生围绕该主题，罗列出相关的名词（pollution 污染、environment 环境、recycling 回收利用 ）、动词（protect 保护、preserve 保存 、pollute 污染）、形容词（eco - friendly 环保的、sustainable 可持续的）。如此，学生能对各主题词汇形成系统认知，便于在完形填空中快速联想。 2.深度挖掘词汇细节：不光要记忆词义，还需掌握词汇的用法、搭配及词性变化。比如 “issue”，作名词表示 “问题”，常见搭配 “environmental issue 环境问题”；作动词时，意为 “发布、发行”，如 “issue a statement 发布声明”。督促学生整理这些用法，强化记忆。 3.善用词汇记忆法：鼓励学生采用多样化记忆法，如词根词缀法，“bio -” 表示 “生命、生物”，那么 “biology 生物学”“biodegradable 可生物降解的” 就容易记忆；谐音记忆法，“ambulance 救护车” 发音类似 “俺不能死”，帮助学生加深印象；联想记忆法，由 “recycle 回收利用” 联想到资源节约与环境保护，增强词汇间的联系。 4.词汇游戏巩固：借助词汇游戏提升学生兴趣，如词汇接龙，用上一个单词的词尾作为下一个社会热点单词的词首，像 “pollution - nutrition（健康话题相关）” ；猜词游戏，一人描述社会热点词汇的含义、用法或给出例句，另一人猜出词汇。 （二）加强语篇训练 1.剖析热点完型真题：选取历年高考及模拟题中社会热点类完形填空，引导学生分析题目。从文章主旨、段落结构入手，探究上下文逻辑关系，明确词汇在不同语境中的运用。例如，通过分析环保主题完型，让学生明白为何在描述环境改善措施时，会选用 “implement（实施）” 而非 “carry（携带，虽有 carry out 表实施，但此处需精准理解）”。 2.开展专项练习：搜集或编写各类社会热点完型练习题，涵盖不同话题和难度层次。规定时间让学生练习，模拟考试情境，提升答题速度与准确性。练习后，详细讲解答案，着重分析词汇运用的依据。 3.鼓励自主创作：布置任务让学生围绕社会热点话题，运用所学词汇和短语创作短文或对话。完成后，组织学生互相批改，既能锻炼词汇运用能力，又能从他人错误中学习。 （三）培养解题技巧 1.巧用上下文线索：教导学生在做题时，留意上下文给出的线索，如同义词、反义词、解释说明等。比 如， 前文提到 “People are increasingly concerned about the environment. They take various ____ to protect it.（人们越来越关注环境。他们采取各种____来保护它。）”，后文出现 “plant trees 种树”“reduce waste 减少浪费” 等具体行为，由此可推断此处应填 “measures 措施”。 2.结合逻辑关系判断：依据句子间的并列、转折、因果等逻辑关系选择合适词汇。像 “Many people support the new policy, ____ some still have doubts.（许多人支持新政策，____有些人仍有疑虑。）”，前后句为转折关系，应填 “but”。 3.代入选项验证：将选项逐一代入原文，从语法、语义、搭配等方面综合考量，判断是否符合语境。如选项是 “make/do/take/get”，与 “effort” 搭配，“make an effort 做出努力” 是正确表达，代入原文语义通顺，即为正确答案。 （四）拓展阅读与文化了解 1.丰富阅读素材：推荐学生阅读《21 世纪学生英文报》、《China Daily》等英文报刊，以及英语新闻网站、英文杂志中社会热点相关文章。阅读时，要求学生标注并整理新学词汇和短语，加深理解与记忆。 2.了解文化背景：社会热点与文化背景紧密相连，让学生了解国内外文化差异、社会习俗、政策法规等知识。例如，在学习国际合作话题时，了解不同国家的外交政策与合作模式，有助于更好地理解文章和运用相关词汇。 三、人与社会-社会热点完形填空精练试题： （一）环保主题 Laura encourages her two kids to make crafts and drawings from old bits of packaging. She began（1）____ her family's waste when she moved house and decided that she would leave all single-use（2）____ behind. "It's cheaper and you know that the item will（3）____ being used instead of being set aside—so it's just perfect! Each of us play a big（4）____ in taking care of the environment. It's（5）____ to try to help rather than just keep complaining about the current situation." Any glass container is（6）____ and repurposed for something else. This means that the family only send a piece of（7）____ to landfill every two weeks on average. She tries not to buy any plastic at all, but when she has to, she will get it（8）____ washed and recycled. The family also grow their own tomatoes, lettuce, and some other vegetables in the garden, and have orange trees outdoors. Laura has also（9）____ herself in a community of friends who（10）____ items with each other that they need, like furniture or plates. She said, "We tried to（11）____ the minimum and take over some toys and baby equipment from friends and relatives. If we really had to（12）____ anything, first we tried at the（13）____ market." To help educate her kids, Laura takes them out on nature walks to the forest where they（14）____ rubbish as they go. "They enjoy this（15）____, because they know it's better for the environment." she said. 1.A. considering B. reducing C. analyzing D. dividing 2.A. pots B. handles C. items D. collections 3.A. continue B. stop C. fancy D. delay 4.A. game B. lead C. match D. role 5.A. original B. enjoyable C. cautious D. normal 6.A. paid back B. left out C. washed up D. taken away 7.A. equipment B. furniture C. glass D. rubbish 8.A. thoroughly B. delightedly C. modestly D. accidentally 9.A. devoted B. found C. exposed D. buried 10.A. occupy B. trade C. discuss D. clarify 11.A. refuse B. value C. book D. consume 12.A. purchase B. discover C. approach D. preserve 13.A. far-away B. duty-free C. second-hand D. life-long 14.A. pull out B. pick up C. hold back D. keep off 15.A. activity B. exercise C. theme D. jungle （二）关于人工智能 In recent years, artificial intelligence (AI) has developed at an astonishing pace and has become an important part of our daily lives. From voice assistants on our phones to self-driving cars, AI is 1 many aspects of society. However, with the rapid development of AI, there are also some 2. Some people worry that AI will 3 human jobs. For example, in some factories, robots have replaced a large number of workers. Others are concerned about the ethical (伦理的) issues 4 with AI. For instance, when autonomous vehicles have to make a 5 in an emergency situation, whose life should be saved first? Despite these concerns, AI also 6 great opportunities. It can help doctors diagnose diseases more accurately, improve agricultural production, and 7 scientific research. In education, AI can provide personalized learning experiences for students, 8 their learning efficiency. To make the most of AI and 9 its potential risks, it is essential that governments, scientists, and the public work together. Regulations need to be 10 to ensure that AI is developed and used in a safe and ethical manner. At the same time, the public should be educated about AI to increase their understanding and 11 of this technology. In conclusion, AI is a 12 force that is changing the world. While we enjoy the 13 it brings, we also need to be aware of the challenges it poses and take 14 measures to guide its development. Only in this way can we 15 a better future with the help of AI. 1.A. shaping B. destroying C. leaving D. avoiding 2.A. opportunities B. challenges C. advantages D. achievements 3.A. create B. expand C. replace D. improve 4.A. connected B. compared C. filled D. covered 5.A. decision B. mistake C. promise D. comment 6.A. misses B. brings C. reduces D. removes 7.A. delay B. prevent C. promote D. oppose 8.A. wasting B. measuring C. affecting D. enhancing 9.A. increase B. control C. overlook D. ignore 10.A. broken B. cancelled C. established D. forgotten 11.A. acceptance B. doubt C. fear D. refusal 12.A. weak B. negative C. powerful D. strange 13.A. troubles B. benefits C. pressures D. threats 14.A. appropriate B. extreme C. unnecessary D. impossible 15.A. destroy B. imagine C. abandon D. build （三）动物保护主题 Pangolins（穿山甲）are the world's most heavily poached（偷猎）mammal. And three out of four Asian pangolin species are critically（1）____ now—heavy demands for their meat, scales, and blood have（2）____ them with extinction. Growing up near Cuc Phuong National Park in Vietnam's Red River Delta, Thai Van Nguyen had been accustomed to seeing dead pangolins. （3）, everything changed when he witnessed his neighbor killing a baby pangolin. It was then that his（4） to save pangolins was ignited. And he knew the biggest（5）____ would be shifting the mindset and habits of the Vietnamese people. To change the fate of the pangolins, Nguyen set out to（6）____ the public on the importance of pangolin conservation. His efforts（7）____ a series of outreach and education campaigns: he published research in peer-reviewed journals, attended international workshops, and developed Vietnam's first reintroduction and tracking programme for pangolins. Then Nguyen founded 1.A. endangered B. hunted C. extinct D. preserved 2.A. provided B. faced C. compared D. connected 3.A. Therefore B. However C. Besides D. Otherwise 4.A. dream B. ability C. determination D. opportunity 5.A. challenge B. task C. goal D. mistake 6.A. amuse B. inform C. remind D. warn 7.A. resulted from B. put off C. turned down D. led to （四）关于垃圾分类 In recent years, garbage classification has become a hot topic in many cities. With the improvement of people's living standards, the amount of garbage produced is increasing 1. However, only a small part of it is recycled, and most of it ends up in landfills or is incinerated, which not only takes up a lot of land resources but also 2 the environment. Garbage classification is of great significance. It can not only reduce environmental pollution but also 3 the reuse of resources. For example, paper, plastic, and metal can be recycled and made into new products after being properly processed. In this way, we can save natural resources and 4 the cost of resource extraction and processing. To promote garbage classification, many cities have taken a series of measures. They have 5 a large number of garbage classification bins in communities and on the streets, making it more convenient for people to classify garbage. At the same time, publicity and education activities have been carried out to 6 people's awareness of garbage classification. Schools have also included garbage classification education in their teaching content, 7 students to develop good garbage classification habits from an early age. 8 , there are still some problems in the process of garbage classification. Some people do not have a deep understanding of garbage classification and still throw garbage randomly. Others find it 9 to classify garbage correctly due to the complexity of the classification standards. In addition, the connection between different links in the garbage classification process, such as collection, transportation, and treatment, is not yet 10 , which also affects the effect of garbage classification. In general, garbage classification is a long-term and systematic project that requires the joint efforts of the whole society. We should actively support and participate in garbage classification, and 11 our own strength to create a better living environment. Only in this way can we achieve the 12 of sustainable development and make our earth a more beautiful home. 1.A. slowly B. sharply C. slightly D. hardly 2.A. protects B. improves C. pollutes D. cleans 3.A. promote B. prevent C. stop D. limit 4.A. increase B. balance C. control D. reduce 5.A. taken away B. set up C. put off D. picked out 6.A. raise B. lower C. change D. lose 7.A. forbidding B. forcing C. encouraging D. allowing 8.A. Therefore B. However C. Besides D. Otherwise 9.A. easy B. interesting C. difficult D. boring 10.A. smooth B. broken C. simple D. complex 11.A. waste B. save C. use D. contribute 12.A. goal B. rule C. method D. standard （五）人工智能主题 In recent years, artificial intelligence (AI) has developed rapidly and has had a profound impact on various fields of society. AI technology is 1 in many aspects of our lives, from smart phones and self-driving cars to medical diagnosis and financial services. One of the most remarkable 2 of AI is in the field of image recognition. It can accurately identify faces, objects, and scenes, which is widely used in security systems and autonomous vehicles. For example, self-driving cars rely on AI to 3 the road conditions, recognize traffic signs and pedestrians, and make driving decisions. This not only improves driving safety but also 4 the efficiency of transportation. In the medical field, AI also plays an important role. It can assist doctors in reading medical images, such as X-rays and CT scans, to detect diseases and tumors more 5. In addition, AI can analyze a large amount of medical data to predict the occurrence of diseases and provide personalized treatment plans for patients. However, the development of AI also brings some 6. For example, with the increasing application of AI in the workplace, some jobs may be replaced by machines, resulting in unemployment for some people. Moreover, issues such as data privacy and security have become increasingly prominent. If AI systems are hacked, the personal information of a large number of people may be 7 . To address these challenges, it is necessary to establish relevant laws and regulations to 8 the development of AI. At the same time, we should also strengthen research and education in the field of AI to improve people's understanding and application ability of AI. Only in this way can we 9 the advantages of AI and minimize its negative impacts, making it better serve humanity and promote the 10 of society. 1.A. applied B. discovered C. invented D. created 2.A. achievements B. challenges C. problems D. failures 3.A. change B. control C. monitor D. improve 4.A. reduces B. increases C. balances D. limits 5.A. slowly B. carelessly C. accurately D. randomly 6.A. opportunities B. benefits C. risks D. surprises 7.A. protected B. stolen C. analyzed D. stored 8.A. prevent B. promote C. guide D. stop 9.A. take advantage of B. get rid of C. make up for D. give in to 10.A. decline B. crisis C. conflict D. progress （六）关于环保主题 Climate change is one of the most pressing issues of our time. The Earth's temperature is rising, 1 sea levels are increasing, and extreme weather events are becoming more frequent. These changes are having a significant impact on our planet and 2 the lives of people and animals. One of the main causes of climate change is the 3 of greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide, into the atmosphere. These gases are released from the burning of fossil fuels, such as coal, oil, and gas, which are used to generate electricity, power vehicles, and heat buildings. Deforestation also 4 to climate change, as trees absorb carbon dioxide and release oxygen. To 5 climate change, we need to reduce our carbon footprint. This means using less energy, driving less, and eating less meat. We can also use renewable energy sources, such as solar, wind, and hydro power, which do not release greenhouse gases. 6 , we need to protect our forests and plant more trees. In addition to reducing our carbon footprint, we also need to 7 to the impacts of climate change. This means building stronger infrastructure, such as sea walls and flood barriers, to protect against rising sea levels and extreme weather events. We also need to develop more drought-resistant and flood-resistant crops to ensure food security. Finally, we need to raise 8 about climate change and encourage others to take action. We can do this by talking to our friends and family, joining environmental organizations, and participating in climate change marches and rallies. 1.A. but B. and C. or D. so 2.A. threatening B. protecting C. improving D. changing 3.A. reduction B. production C. release D. consumption 4.A. adapts B. contributes C. leads D. objects 5.A. cause B. ignore C. address D. accelerate 6.A. Moreover B. However C. Otherwise D. Therefore 7.A. adapt B. oppose C. respond D. stick 8.A. money B. awareness C. voice D. standard 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 1 / 15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$