重点话题10人与社会 社会热点 阅读理解 -【同步拓展阅读】2024-2025学年高二英语阅读提升（通用版）

重点话题10人与社会-社会热点 阅读理解 【同步拓展阅读】2024-2025学年高二英语阅读提升（通用版） 1、 人与社会-社会热点阅读理解高频词汇 policy（政策） economic policy（经济政策）、 environmental policy（环境政策）​ regulation（法规；监管） financial regulation（金融监管）​ phenomenon（现象） the aging phenomenon（老龄化现象）​ issue（问题；议题） social issue（社会问题）、 environmental issue（环境问题）​ crisis（危机） economic crisis（经济危机）、 energy crisis（能源危机） innovation（创新） technological innovation（技术创新）​ infrastructure（基础设施） sustainable development（可持续发展） transportation infrastructure（交通基础设施） communication infrastructure（通信基础设施）​ 高频短语：​ keep up with the times（与时俱进）​ draw public attention（引起公众关注）​ pose a threat to（对…… 构成威胁）​ take measures to（采取措施） take measures to solve pollution（采取措施解决污染问题）​ cope with（应对；处理）​ play a crucial role in（在…… 中起关键作用） put forward suggestions（提出建议）​ 1.教育领域 双减政策（Double Reduction Policy） 素质教育（quality - oriented education） 教育公平（education equality） 在线教育（online education） 高考改革（college entrance examination reform） 2.医疗领域 分级诊疗（hierarchical diagnosis and treatment） 医改（medical reform） 公共卫生体系（public health system） 老龄化社会的医疗保障（medical security for an aging society） 3.就业领域 灵活就业（flexible employment） 就业难（difficulty in finding employment） 职业技能培训（vocational skills training） 就业政策扶持（employment policy support） 职场性别平等（gender equality in the workplace） 4.新增高频短语 bridge the gap（缩小差距） meet the demand（满足需求） face challenges（面临挑战） promote development（促进发展） attach importance to（重视） 二、人与社会-社会热点 阅读理解常见的语法考法考点 在 “人与社会 - 社会热点” 主题的阅读理解中，语法考法考点丰富多样，旨在检验考生对各类语法知识的理解与运用能力，以下为你详细介绍： （一）. 从句 定语从句 1.关系词选择：在复杂的社会热点报道中，常出现长难句包含定语从句。需依据先行词在从句中充当的成分准确选择关系词。如 “The new policy, which was released last week, aims to reduce environmental pollution.”，先行词 “policy” 在从句中作主语，且为物，所以用关系代词 “which”。 2.限制性与非限制性区别：限制性定语从句对先行词起限定作用，不可或缺；非限制性定语从句是对先行词的补充说明，去掉后不影响句子核心意思，常用逗号隔开。例如 “The scientist who has made great contributions to climate research is from China.”（限制性）；“The scientist, who is well - known worldwide, has made great contributions to climate research. ”（非限制性） 名词性从句 1.主语从句：句子作主语时，要注意引导词的使用。例如 “What concerns the public most is the issue of food safety.” 中 “What concerns the public most” 为主语从句，“what” 既引导从句又在从句中作主语。 2.宾语从句：常考引导词的选择及语序问题。如 “The report shows that the unemployment rate is rising.” 引导词 “that” 无实际意义；而在 “I don't know what they are planning to do. ” 中，“what” 引导宾语从句且在从句中作宾语，从句要用陈述语序。 3.表语从句：用于解释主语的内容。如 “The problem is how we can achieve sustainable development.” 中 “how we can achieve sustainable development” 作表语从句，说明 “problem” 的具体内容。 4.同位语从句：对抽象名词进行解释说明。如 “The news that a new subway will be built in the city spreads quickly.” “that a new subway will be built in the city” 是 “news” 的同位语从句，表明 “news” 的具体信息。 状语从句 5.时间状语从句：关注不同引导词的细微差别。如 “When the earthquake happened, people were going about their daily lives.” “while” 强调主从句动作同时进行，且从句常用进行时，如 “While I was watching TV, the phone rang. ”；“as” 可表示 “一边…… 一边……” 或 “随着”，如 “As time goes by, our environment is getting worse. ” （1）条件状语从句：“if”“unless”“as long as” 等引导词的用法。例如 “If we don't take action now, the consequences will be severe. ” “Unless you have a permit, you can't enter the construction site. ” （2）让步状语从句：“although”“though”“even though”“even if” 等引导词引导，如 “Although/Though it was raining heavily, the volunteers still went to help the flood - affected areas. ” “even if/even though” 语气更强，如 “Even if it costs a lot, we should invest in renewable energy. ” （二）、 动词 1.时态 一般现在时：常用来陈述客观事实或经常发生的动作。在社会热点文章中，用于阐述普遍现象，如 “Nowadays, more and more people use mobile payment in their daily life.” 一般过去时：描述过去发生的事件，如 “The conference was held in Beijing last month.” 现在完成时：强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或过去开始持续到现在的动作。如 “The government has implemented a series of policies to control housing prices, and the situation has improved.” 现在进行时：表示现在正在进行的动作，如 “The scientists are researching new ways to deal with air pollution.” 2.语态 主动语态与被动语态转换：根据句子主语与动词的关系判断。如 “People should protect the environment.”（主动）可转换为 “The environment should be protected by people. ”（被动）在阅读理解中，需准确理解句子的主动或被动含义。 特殊被动结构：如 “be supposed to”“be used to”（被用来）等。例如 “This kind of material is used to make eco - friendly products. ” 3.非谓语动词 动词不定式：作目的状语常见，如 “The government is taking measures to promote economic development.” 也可作后置定语，如 “The plan to rebuild the old city is under discussion. ” 动名词：作主语，如 “Recycling waste is an effective way to protect resources.” 作宾语，如 “Many people enjoy traveling, which broadens their horizons. ” 分词：现在分词表主动和进行，过去分词表被动和完成。如 “The polluted river needs to be cleaned.”（过去分词作定语）；“Looking at the data, we can see the trend of population growth. ”（现在分词作状语） （三）. 词类 1.名词 单复数：根据语境判断名词单复数形式。如 “There are many challenges (challenge) in the process of urbanization. ” 名词所有格：表示所属关系，如 “the city's development”“the students' opinions”。 形容词和副词 比较级和最高级：在涉及对比的社会热点内容中考查。如 “The living conditions in big cities are getting better and better.”（比较级）；“Among all the cities in the country, Shanghai is the most developed. ”（最高级） 形容词和副词用法区分：形容词修饰名词，副词修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或句子。如 “He gave a clear (形容词) explanation. ” “He explained clearly (副词). ” 2.代词 人称代词：注意主格和宾格形式在句子中的正确使用，如 “He (主格) helped me (宾格) with my study. ” 不定代词：“some”“any”“both”“either”“neither”“all”“none” 等的用法。如 “Some people support the new policy, while others oppose it. ” “Neither of the two plans is perfect. ” （四）. 特殊句式 强调句：强调句结构为 “It is/was + 被强调部分 + that/who + 其他部分”。如 “It was the government's efforts that led to the improvement of the ecological environment. ” 强调 “the government's efforts”。 倒装句 1.部分倒装：否定词位于句首时，如 “Never have I seen such a crowded event.”；“only + 状语” 位于句首时，如 “Only by working together can we solve the global warming problem. ” 2.完全倒装：如 “Here comes the bus.” 在描述场景等内容时可能出现。 （五）. 连词和介词 连词 （1）并列连词：“and” 表并列、顺承；“but” 表转折；“or” 表选择。如 “The project is difficult but meaningful. ” （2）从属连词：引导各类从句，如上述从句部分所提及的引导词。 介词 （1）固定搭配：如 “in terms of”“in the face of”“due to”“because of” 等。如 “Due to/Because of the bad weather, the outdoor activity was cancelled. ” （2）介词短语作状语：表明时间、地点、方式等，如 “With the development of technology, our lives have changed a lot.”（伴随状语） 三、如何提高在社会热点阅读理解中对语法考点的理解和运用能力？ 要提高在社会热点阅读理解中对语法考点的理解和运用能力，可以从夯实语法基础、增加阅读量、强化练习与总结、巧用辅助工具等方面入手： 1. 夯实语法基础 1.系统学习语法知识：挑选一本全面且权威的语法书，由浅入深地学习各类语法规则，搭建完整的语法体系。比如先掌握基本的词性、句子成分，再深入学习各类从句、时态、语态等内容。以定语从句为例，要明确关系代词和关系副词的用法区别，通过例句 “The book which I bought yesterday is very interesting.（which 指代物，在从句中作宾语）” 和 “This is the place where I was born.（where 指代地点，在从句中作地点状语）” 来加深理解。 2.制作语法笔记：把重点语法规则、例句及自己的理解记录下来，方便随时复习。将相似语法点进行对比总结，如一般过去时和现在完成时，一般过去时单纯描述过去发生的动作，如 “I visited the museum last week.”；现在完成时强调过去动作对现在的影响，如 “I have visited the museum, so I know a lot about the history.”，通过对比强化记忆。 2. 增加阅读量 1.阅读社会热点相关材料：如《纽约时报》《卫报》等外刊，以及国内主流媒体如《人民日报》《新华社》等关于社会热点的报道、评论文章。例如关注关于人工智能发展、环境保护、教育改革等热点话题的文章，接触不同类型的语法应用场景。 2.精读与泛读结合：精读时，对文章中的长难句进行语法剖析，划分句子成分。例如句子 “The new policy, which was introduced to promote sustainable development, has received widespread support from the public.”，分析出 “which was introduced to promote sustainable development” 是定语从句，修饰先行词 “policy”。泛读则注重积累语感和常见表达方式，快速浏览大量文章，提高阅读速度和对不同语法现象的熟悉度。 3. 强化练习与总结 1.专项练习：针对不同语法考点，如从句、非谓语动词等，进行专项练习题训练。做完题后，认真分析错题，明确错误原因是对语法规则理解有误，还是在实际运用中判断失误。比如在做定语从句专项练习时，若对 “whose” 的用法出错，就要重点复习 “whose” 表示所属关系，在从句中作定语的用法，如 “The house whose roof was damaged in the storm needs to be repaired.” 2.模拟阅读练习：选取包含社会热点内容的阅读理解模拟题，按照考试时间和要求完成。做完后，不仅要分析错题，还要对文章中出现的语法考点进行归纳总结，思考如何在类似语境中准确理解和运用这些语法知识。例如总结出在描述政策措施的文章中，常使用被动语态来强调动作的承受者，如 “The new regulations have been implemented to control pollution.” 4. 巧用辅助工具 语法学习软件：利用如 “百词斩爱阅读”“英语语法大全” 等 APP，它们通常包含丰富的语法讲解、例句和练习，部分还有智能分析错题功能，方便随时学习和巩固语法知识。 在线语法资源：借助权威英语学习网站，如 British Council（英国文化协会）官网的英语学习板块，有专业的语法讲解和互动练习；Coursera 等平台上的一些英语语法课程，由专业教师授课，能从不同角度加深对语法的理解。 5. 培养语境意识 结合上下文理解语法：在阅读社会热点文章时，不孤立地看待语法结构，而是结合上下文语境理解其表达的意义和功能。例如在句子 “While some people are in favor of the new tax policy, others strongly oppose it.” 中，结合上下文可知 “while” 在这里表示对比，意为 “然而”。 6.体会语法对语义的影响：关注不同语法形式如何传达不同的语义和语气。比如 “You should take action.”（should 表建议，语气较委婉）和 “You must take action.”（must 表命令，语气更强烈），通过对比体会不同情态动词对语义的影通过大量的练习和积累，可以逐步提高自己的英语水平和应试能力。 三、社会热点阅读理解题精炼 第一篇：人工智能在医疗领域的应用 Artificial intelligence (AI) is making significant inroads into the healthcare industry, revolutionizing the way diseases are diagnosed, treated, and prevented. One of the most prominent applications is in medical imaging. AI - powered algorithms can analyze X - rays, CT scans, and MRIs with a level of precision that often rivals human radiologists. These algorithms can detect early signs of diseases such as cancer, even in cases where human eyes might miss subtle indications. In addition to diagnosis, AI is also being used to develop personalized treatment plans. By analyzing a patient's genetic data, medical history, and lifestyle factors, AI systems can predict how a patient will respond to different medications and therapies. This enables doctors to tailor treatments to individual patients, increasing the effectiveness of treatment and reducing the risk of adverse reactions. However, the integration of AI in healthcare also raises several concerns. One major issue is data privacy. Since AI systems rely on vast amounts of patient data to learn and improve, protecting this sensitive information from breaches is crucial. Another concern is the potential for bias in AI algorithms. If the data used to train these algorithms is not diverse enough, the AI may make inaccurate predictions or recommendations, particularly for certain demographic groups. What is the main advantage of using AI in medical imaging? A. It can replace human radiologists completely. B. It can detect diseases with high precision, even spotting early signs. C. It is more cost - effective than traditional methods. D. It can analyze all types of medical data. How does AI help in developing personalized treatment plans? A. By providing general treatment guidelines for all patients. B. By only considering a patient's genetic data. C. By analyzing multiple factors like genetic data, medical history, and lifestyle. D. By randomly selecting treatment options. What are the concerns regarding the use of AI in healthcare? A. Lack of data for training AI algorithms. B. The high cost of implementing AI systems. C. Data privacy and potential bias in AI algorithms. D. Resistance from doctors to adopt AI technology. 答案及解析 答案：B 解析：文中提到 “AI - powered algorithms can analyze X - rays, CT scans, and MRIs with a level of precision that often rivals human radiologists. These algorithms can detect early signs of diseases such as cancer, even in cases where human eyes might miss subtle indications”，说明 AI 在医学成像中的主要优势是能够高精度地检测疾病，甚至能发现早期迹象，并非能完全取代人类放射科医生，A 选项错误；文中未提及成本效益，C 选项错误；它主要是分析医学影像，并非所有类型的医学数据，D 选项错误。所以选 B。 答案：C 解析：根据 “By analyzing a patient's genetic data, medical history, and lifestyle factors, AI systems can predict how a patient will respond to different medications and therapies. This enables doctors to tailor treatments to individual patients” 可知，AI 通过分析患者的遗传数据、病史和生活方式等多种因素来制定个性化治疗方案，并非只考虑遗传数据，B 选项错误；不是提供通用治疗指南，A 选项错误；也不是随机选择治疗方案，D 选项错误。所以选 C。 答案：C 解析：从 “However, the integration of AI in healthcare also raises several concerns. One major issue is data privacy...Another concern is the potential for bias in AI algorithms” 可知，AI 在医疗领域应用的担忧主要是数据隐私和算法可能存在的偏差，文中未提及缺乏训练数据、实施成本高以及医生抵制等问题，A、B、D 选项错误。所以选 C。 第二篇：电动汽车的发展与挑战 The automotive industry is undergoing a significant transformation with the rapid rise of electric vehicles (EVs). EVs are becoming increasingly popular due to their potential to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and dependence on fossil fuels. Many governments around the world are offering incentives such as tax credits and subsidies to encourage consumers to switch to EVs. One of the key advantages of EVs is their energy efficiency. Electric motors convert a higher percentage of electrical energy into mechanical power compared to internal combustion engines. This means that EVs can travel longer distances on the same amount of energy. Additionally, the cost of battery production has been decreasing steadily, making EVs more affordable in the long run. Despite these advantages, EVs still face some challenges. One of the biggest obstacles is the limited charging infrastructure. In many areas, there are not enough charging stations, especially in rural regions. This range anxiety, as it is often called, can deter potential buyers from making the switch to an EV. Another challenge is the long charging time. While fast - charging technology is improving, it still takes significantly longer to charge an EV compared to filling up a gas tank. Why are electric vehicles becoming more popular? A. They are cheaper to buy than traditional cars. B. They can travel much faster than other vehicles. C. They help reduce greenhouse gas emissions and reliance on fossil fuels. D. They require less maintenance. What is one of the key advantages of electric vehicles? A. They have a more powerful engine. B. They are more energy - efficient. C. They can be charged anywhere. D. They have a longer lifespan. What are the main challenges for electric vehicles? A. High - cost battery production and short - range capabilities. B. Limited charging infrastructure and long charging time. C. Lack of government support and poor performance. D. Difficulty in finding suitable parking spaces. 答案及解析 答案：C 解析：文中提到 “EVs are becoming increasingly popular due to their potential to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and dependence on fossil fuels”，表明电动汽车受欢迎是因为它们有助于减少温室气体排放和对化石燃料的依赖，文中未提及购买价格更便宜、行驶速度更快以及维护成本更低，A、B、D 选项错误。所以选 C。 答案：B 解析：“One of the key advantages of EVs is their energy efficiency. Electric motors convert a higher percentage of electrical energy into mechanical power compared to internal combustion engines” 说明电动汽车的一个关键优势是能源效率更高，并非发动机更强大，A 选项错误；目前存在充电基础设施有限的问题，不能随处充电，C 选项错误；文中未提及使用寿命更长，D 选项错误。所以选 B。 答案：B 解析：从 “One of the biggest obstacles is the limited charging infrastructure...Another challenge is the long charging time” 可知，电动汽车面临的主要挑战是有限的充电基础设施和较长的充电时间，文中未提及电池生产成本高、政府支持不足、性能差以及找停车位困难等问题，A、C、D 选项错误。所以选 B。 第三篇：社交媒体对青少年心理健康的影响 Social media has become an integral part of modern life, especially for teenagers. While it offers numerous benefits such as connecting with friends, sharing experiences, and accessing information, it also has potential negative impacts on their mental health. One of the concerns is the issue of cyberbullying. With the anonymity that social media can provide, some individuals may engage in harassing or bullying behavior. This can lead to feelings of anxiety, depression, and low self - esteem among teenagers. Moreover, the constant exposure to carefully curated highlight reels of others' lives can create a sense of inadequacy. Teenagers may compare their own lives unfavorably to the seemingly perfect lives presented on social media, resulting in feelings of envy and self - doubt. On the positive side, social media can also be a platform for self - expression and support. It allows teenagers to share their creative work, find like - minded communities, and receive encouragement. Some mental health organizations even use social media to raise awareness and provide resources for teenagers struggling with mental health issues. What is one of the negative impacts of social media on teenagers' mental health? A. It restricts their access to information. B. It causes cyberbullying and a sense of inadequacy. C. It makes them too dependent on technology. D. It reduces their face - to - face communication skills. How can social media be beneficial for teenagers? A. It can completely prevent mental health issues. B. It provides a platform for self - expression and support. C. It helps them avoid real - life problems. D. It makes them more confident in real - life situations. What do some mental health organizations do with social media? A. They use it to promote cyberbullying prevention. B. They use it to conduct research on teenagers' behavior. C. They use it to raise awareness and offer resources. D. They use it to monitor teenagers' mental health. 答案及解析 答案：B 解析：文中提到 “One of the concerns is the issue of cyberbullying...Moreover, the constant exposure to carefully curated highlight reels of others' lives can create a sense of inadequacy”，说明社交媒体对青少年心理健康的负面影响包括网络欺凌和导致他们产生不足感，A 选项说限制获取信息与原文不符；文中未提及使青少年过度依赖技术和降低面对面交流技能，C、D 选项错误。所以选 B。 答案：B 解析：根据 “On the positive side, social media can also be a platform for self - expression and support. It allows teenagers to share their creative work, find like - minded communities, and receive encouragement” 可知，社交媒体对青少年有益的方面是提供了自我表达和获得支持的平台，不能完全预防心理健康问题，A 选项错误；不能帮助他们逃避现实生活问题，C 选项错误；文中未提及使他们在现实生活中更自信，D 选项错误。所以选 B。 答案：C 解析：从 “Some mental health organizations even use social media to raise awareness and provide resources for teenagers struggling with mental health issues” 可知，一些心理健康组织利用社交媒体提高意识并提供资源，A 选项说促进预防网络欺凌不准确；文中未提及进行青少年行为研究和监测青少年心理健康，B、D 选项错误。所以选 C。 第四篇：母女志愿者共建表演舞台 Looking around her childhood neighborhood, Shanta Mack, human resources associate with Entergy couldn’t help but share, “As a teenager, I never saw neighbors or local organizations come to my community to volunteer, but when the request was put out to revitalize (复活) the same streets that I grew up on, I jumped at the opportunity.” This year, Entergy employee volunteers celebrated Martin Luther King, Jr. Day with a series of volunteer events across the New Orleans Metro Area over a three-day weekend. Mack and her sixteen-year-old daughter Aalaina joined the United Way of Southeast Louisiana and other community members to help develop an urban garden and refresh a local playground in the Desire Area. Mack quickly realized that her old neck of the woods, which was once full of life, did not look the same as it did when she rode bikes with her friends to the local candy store. It was important for her to not only show her college-bound daughter where she grew up, but she also wanted her daughter to experience what it felt like to give back, especially to her own community. “Volunteering with my daughter allows us to bond (联系), but I also want her to take these opportunities to invest (投资) her time when she can, meet new people, learn new skills and gain volunteer hours for her college applications,” said Mack. The mother and daughter worked hand-in-hand with other volunteers to build a picnic table for locals to have lunch or rest and a stage for local artists to perform during community festivities. “The weekend was the perfect opportunity to volunteer and follow Dr. King — and others who have made sacrifices to bring equality and diversity to our communities. I was happy to get out to represent Entergy for MLK Day and will continue to do my part in serving our community,” said Mack. 1. How did Mack respond to the request to revitalize her childhood streets? A. Doubtfully. B. Unwillingly. C. Cautiously. D. Enthusiastically. 2. What does the underlined part “old neck of the woods” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Neighborhood. B. Apartment. C. Company. D. Environment. 3. Why did Mack volunteer together with her daughter? A. To make her daughter better adapt to her college life. B. To remind her daughter of her childhood memory. C. To teach her daughter to give back to community. D. To strengthen her daughter’s understanding of Dr. King. 4. Which of the following can best describe Shanta Mack? A. Honest and generous. B. Talented and ambitious. C. Active and courageous. D. Loving and responsible. 答案及解析 1.答案：D 1. 解析：根据第一段 “but when the request was put out to revitalize the same streets that I grew up on, I jumped at the opportunity” 可知，Mack 对振兴她童年时的街道的请求是欣然接受的，很热情，故选 D。 2.答案：A 2.解析：根据前文 “Looking around her childhood neighborhood” 以及结合语境可知，“old neck of the woods” 指的是她童年时的街区，即 neighborhood，故选 A。 3.答案：C 3.解析：根据第三段 “she also wanted her daughter to experience what it felt like to give back, especially to her own community” 可知，Mack 和女儿一起做志愿者是为了让女儿体验回馈社区的感觉，教女儿学会回馈社区，故选 C。 4.答案：D 4.解析：从 Mack 积极参与志愿者活动以及想让女儿也学会回馈社区等行为可以看出，她是有爱心和责任感的，故选 D。 第五篇：轮胎建造游乐场 Poojarai is a young woman in India who has so far built 283 different playspaces using cheap, safe and almost entirely painted tires. The playspaces she builds are not only fun but also unique. They are designed to be suitable for children of all ages and abilities. Rai's work is mainly funded by donations and carried out with the help of volunteers. She says that she wants to create a space where children can play and have fun without any restrictions. When building the playspaces, Rai takes into account what children in the area want. She designs the themes of the playspaces based on their interests. Rai believes that play is very important for the growth of children. She thinks that in today's world, many people think that play is unnecessary, but in fact, the right to play is very important for the physical and mental health of children. 1. What is the most remarkable feature of these playgrounds? A. They are cheap. B. They are made of tires. C. They are safe. D. They are beautifully painted. 2. How does Rai carry out her work? A. She does it all by herself. B. She gets help from the government. C. She asks many people for help. D. She uses her own money. 3. What does Rai consider when building the playgrounds? A. The cost of construction. B. The theme suitable for local children. C. The number of children. D. The location of the playgrounds. 4. What does Rai's words in the last paragraph indicate? A. She encourages children to study hard. B. She hopes to build more playspaces. C. She wants to change people's attitude towards her work. D. She encourages more children to go out and play. 1. 答案：B 4. 解析：根据第一段 “has so far built 283 different playspaces using cheap, safe and almost entirely painted tires” 可知，这些游乐场最大的特色就是几乎都是用轮胎建造的，故选 B。 2. 答案：C 4. 解析：根据第三段 “Rai's work is mainly funded by donations and carried out with the help of volunteers” 可知，Rai 的很多工作是通过捐赠完成的，还有很多工作是在志愿者的协助下进行的，即她向很多人寻求了帮助，故选 C。 3. 答案：B 4. 解析：根据第四段 “they are themed to what children in the area want” 可知，Rai 在建立乐园时会考虑主题是否适合当地小孩的需求，故选 B。 4. 答案：D 4.解析：根据末段 Rai 所说的话可知，她认为玩耍对于儿童的成长是非常重要的，但现在很多人却认为玩耍是不必要的，所以她的话表明她鼓励更多的孩子外出玩耍，故选 D。 第六篇：工笔画大师 Growing up in rural Jiangsu Province, Yu Jigao showed a strong interest in fine arts at an early age and studied on his own for years. His hard work paid off later. In the early 1950s, he made his way to Nanjing Normal University, where he learned painting theories and techniques from some famous artists. It was then that Yu found his lifelong artistic zeal for gongbi. Gongbi paintings usually describe birds and flowers, symbols of beauty and joy, in an artistic way with intense color. After graduation from the art school in 1957, Yu began his professional career at the Chinese Painting Institute of Jiangsu. He has since published a series of art collections. Since 1959, Yu has contributed a series of works to many important sites. Yu’s works have also been displayed in a range of national and international exhibitions. From 1986 to 1997, he held his exhibitions in such places as Beijing, Guangzhou and New York. Both the themes and artistic techniques have won widespread praise in the past years. While observing traditional rules, he uses accurate lines, powerful brush movements as well as the interplay between dark and light to represent the harmony of nature. Though he adopts a realistic style, he tries to enrich his works with spiritual beauty through his brush. Yu says, “That feeling turns into the images of singing birds and elegant flowers in my paintings.” Thanks to his careful observation of nature and artistic sensitivity, Yu is able to combine realistic description with artistic expression in his brushwork. Now as deputy director of the Academy of Chinese Gongbi Painting of Flowers and Birds and a national top-level artist, Yu maintains a simple and easy-going style. In addition to artistic creation, Yu has devoted himself to promoting his painting style as the cultural heritage of China. “Art is part of my life,” Yu says. “I am proud to be a flower-bird painter. I hope to create a bright future for it through my efforts.” 1. What does the underlined word “zeal” in paragraph 1 mean? A. Request. B. Passion. C. Justice. D. Fund. 2. What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us about Yu? A. His school life. B. His painting techniques. C. His achievements in painting. D. His contributions to the art school. 3. Which is Yu’s painting feature? A. Adopting abstract objects. B. Excluding plants and animals. C. Combining traditional rules with a realistic style. D. Representing the imbalance between nature and humans. 答案解析 1. What does Yu expect of his painting style? A. It will be passed on. B. It will change over time. 志高找到了对工笔画一生的热情，zeal 意为 “热情”，与 passion 意思相近，故选 B。 2.答案：C 2.解析：第二段主要讲了于志高从艺术学校毕业后的一系列成就，包括出版艺术作品集、作品在各地展览等，所以主要是讲他在绘画方面的成就，故选 C。 3.答案：C 3.解析：根据第三段 “While observing traditional rules, he uses accurate lines...Though he adopts a realistic style” 可知，他的绘画特点是将传统规则与现实主义风格相结合，故选 C。 4.答案：A 4.解析：根据最后一段 “In addition to artistic creation, Yu has devoted himself to promoting his painting style as the cultural heritage of China” 以及 “I hope to create a bright future for it through my efforts” 可知，他希望自己的绘画风格能作为文化遗产传承下去，故选 A。 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 1 / 15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 重点话题10人与社会-社会热点 阅读理解 【同步拓展阅读】2024-2025学年高二英语阅读提升（通用版） 1、 人与社会-社会热点阅读理解高频词汇 policy（政策） economic policy（经济政策）、 environmental policy（环境政策）​ regulation（法规；监管） financial regulation（金融监管）​ phenomenon（现象） the aging phenomenon（老龄化现象）​ issue（问题；议题） social issue（社会问题）、 environmental issue（环境问题）​ crisis（危机） economic crisis（经济危机）、 energy crisis（能源危机） innovation（创新） technological innovation（技术创新）​ infrastructure（基础设施） sustainable development（可持续发展） transportation infrastructure（交通基础设施） communication infrastructure（通信基础设施）​ 高频短语：​ keep up with the times（与时俱进）​ draw public attention（引起公众关注）​ pose a threat to（对…… 构成威胁）​ take measures to（采取措施） take measures to solve pollution（采取措施解决污染问题）​ cope with（应对；处理）​ play a crucial role in（在…… 中起关键作用） put forward suggestions（提出建议）​ 1.教育领域 双减政策（Double Reduction Policy） 素质教育（quality - oriented education） 教育公平（education equality） 在线教育（online education） 高考改革（college entrance examination reform） 2.医疗领域 分级诊疗（hierarchical diagnosis and treatment） 医改（medical reform） 公共卫生体系（public health system） 老龄化社会的医疗保障（medical security for an aging society） 3.就业领域 灵活就业（flexible employment） 就业难（difficulty in finding employment） 职业技能培训（vocational skills training） 就业政策扶持（employment policy support） 职场性别平等（gender equality in the workplace） 4.新增高频短语 bridge the gap（缩小差距） meet the demand（满足需求） face challenges（面临挑战） promote development（促进发展） attach importance to（重视） 二、人与社会-社会热点 阅读理解常见的语法考法考点 在 “人与社会 - 社会热点” 主题的阅读理解中，语法考法考点丰富多样，旨在检验考生对各类语法知识的理解与运用能力，以下为你详细介绍： （一）. 从句 定语从句 1.关系词选择：在复杂的社会热点报道中，常出现长难句包含定语从句。需依据先行词在从句中充当的成分准确选择关系词。如 “The new policy, which was released last week, aims to reduce environmental pollution.”，先行词 “policy” 在从句中作主语，且为物，所以用关系代词 “which”。 2.限制性与非限制性区别：限制性定语从句对先行词起限定作用，不可或缺；非限制性定语从句是对先行词的补充说明，去掉后不影响句子核心意思，常用逗号隔开。例如 “The scientist who has made great contributions to climate research is from China.”（限制性）；“The scientist, who is well - known worldwide, has made great contributions to climate research. ”（非限制性） 名词性从句 1.主语从句：句子作主语时，要注意引导词的使用。例如 “What concerns the public most is the issue of food safety.” 中 “What concerns the public most” 为主语从句，“what” 既引导从句又在从句中作主语。 2.宾语从句：常考引导词的选择及语序问题。如 “The report shows that the unemployment rate is rising.” 引导词 “that” 无实际意义；而在 “I don't know what they are planning to do. ” 中，“what” 引导宾语从句且在从句中作宾语，从句要用陈述语序。 3.表语从句：用于解释主语的内容。如 “The problem is how we can achieve sustainable development.” 中 “how we can achieve sustainable development” 作表语从句，说明 “problem” 的具体内容。 4.同位语从句：对抽象名词进行解释说明。如 “The news that a new subway will be built in the city spreads quickly.” “that a new subway will be built in the city” 是 “news” 的同位语从句，表明 “news” 的具体信息。 状语从句 5.时间状语从句：关注不同引导词的细微差别。如 “When the earthquake happened, people were going about their daily lives.” “while” 强调主从句动作同时进行，且从句常用进行时，如 “While I was watching TV, the phone rang. ”；“as” 可表示 “一边…… 一边……” 或 “随着”，如 “As time goes by, our environment is getting worse. ” （1）条件状语从句：“if”“unless”“as long as” 等引导词的用法。例如 “If we don't take action now, the consequences will be severe. ” “Unless you have a permit, you can't enter the construction site. ” （2）让步状语从句：“although”“though”“even though”“even if” 等引导词引导，如 “Although/Though it was raining heavily, the volunteers still went to help the flood - affected areas. ” “even if/even though” 语气更强，如 “Even if it costs a lot, we should invest in renewable energy. ” （二）、 动词 1.时态 一般现在时：常用来陈述客观事实或经常发生的动作。在社会热点文章中，用于阐述普遍现象，如 “Nowadays, more and more people use mobile payment in their daily life.” 一般过去时：描述过去发生的事件，如 “The conference was held in Beijing last month.” 现在完成时：强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或过去开始持续到现在的动作。如 “The government has implemented a series of policies to control housing prices, and the situation has improved.” 现在进行时：表示现在正在进行的动作，如 “The scientists are researching new ways to deal with air pollution.” 2.语态 主动语态与被动语态转换：根据句子主语与动词的关系判断。如 “People should protect the environment.”（主动）可转换为 “The environment should be protected by people. ”（被动）在阅读理解中，需准确理解句子的主动或被动含义。 特殊被动结构：如 “be supposed to”“be used to”（被用来）等。例如 “This kind of material is used to make eco - friendly products. ” 3.非谓语动词 动词不定式：作目的状语常见，如 “The government is taking measures to promote economic development.” 也可作后置定语，如 “The plan to rebuild the old city is under discussion. ” 动名词：作主语，如 “Recycling waste is an effective way to protect resources.” 作宾语，如 “Many people enjoy traveling, which broadens their horizons. ” 分词：现在分词表主动和进行，过去分词表被动和完成。如 “The polluted river needs to be cleaned.”（过去分词作定语）；“Looking at the data, we can see the trend of population growth. ”（现在分词作状语） （三）. 词类 1.名词 单复数：根据语境判断名词单复数形式。如 “There are many challenges (challenge) in the process of urbanization. ” 名词所有格：表示所属关系，如 “the city's development”“the students' opinions”。 形容词和副词 比较级和最高级：在涉及对比的社会热点内容中考查。如 “The living conditions in big cities are getting better and better.”（比较级）；“Among all the cities in the country, Shanghai is the most developed. ”（最高级） 形容词和副词用法区分：形容词修饰名词，副词修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或句子。如 “He gave a clear (形容词) explanation. ” “He explained clearly (副词). ” 2.代词 人称代词：注意主格和宾格形式在句子中的正确使用，如 “He (主格) helped me (宾格) with my study. ” 不定代词：“some”“any”“both”“either”“neither”“all”“none” 等的用法。如 “Some people support the new policy, while others oppose it. ” “Neither of the two plans is perfect. ” （四）. 特殊句式 强调句：强调句结构为 “It is/was + 被强调部分 + that/who + 其他部分”。如 “It was the government's efforts that led to the improvement of the ecological environment. ” 强调 “the government's efforts”。 倒装句 1.部分倒装：否定词位于句首时，如 “Never have I seen such a crowded event.”；“only + 状语” 位于句首时，如 “Only by working together can we solve the global warming problem. ” 2.完全倒装：如 “Here comes the bus.” 在描述场景等内容时可能出现。 （五）. 连词和介词 连词 （1）并列连词：“and” 表并列、顺承；“but” 表转折；“or” 表选择。如 “The project is difficult but meaningful. ” （2）从属连词：引导各类从句，如上述从句部分所提及的引导词。 介词 （1）固定搭配：如 “in terms of”“in the face of”“due to”“because of” 等。如 “Due to/Because of the bad weather, the outdoor activity was cancelled. ” （2）介词短语作状语：表明时间、地点、方式等，如 “With the development of technology, our lives have changed a lot.”（伴随状语） 三、如何提高在社会热点阅读理解中对语法考点的理解和运用能力？ 要提高在社会热点阅读理解中对语法考点的理解和运用能力，可以从夯实语法基础、增加阅读量、强化练习与总结、巧用辅助工具等方面入手： 1. 夯实语法基础 1.系统学习语法知识：挑选一本全面且权威的语法书，由浅入深地学习各类语法规则，搭建完整的语法体系。比如先掌握基本的词性、句子成分，再深入学习各类从句、时态、语态等内容。以定语从句为例，要明确关系代词和关系副词的用法区别，通过例句 “The book which I bought yesterday is very interesting.（which 指代物，在从句中作宾语）” 和 “This is the place where I was born.（where 指代地点，在从句中作地点状语）” 来加深理解。 2.制作语法笔记：把重点语法规则、例句及自己的理解记录下来，方便随时复习。将相似语法点进行对比总结，如一般过去时和现在完成时，一般过去时单纯描述过去发生的动作，如 “I visited the museum last week.”；现在完成时强调过去动作对现在的影响，如 “I have visited the museum, so I know a lot about the history.”，通过对比强化记忆。 2. 增加阅读量 1.阅读社会热点相关材料：如《纽约时报》《卫报》等外刊，以及国内主流媒体如《人民日报》《新华社》等关于社会热点的报道、评论文章。例如关注关于人工智能发展、环境保护、教育改革等热点话题的文章，接触不同类型的语法应用场景。 2.精读与泛读结合：精读时，对文章中的长难句进行语法剖析，划分句子成分。例如句子 “The new policy, which was introduced to promote sustainable development, has received widespread support from the public.”，分析出 “which was introduced to promote sustainable development” 是定语从句，修饰先行词 “policy”。泛读则注重积累语感和常见表达方式，快速浏览大量文章，提高阅读速度和对不同语法现象的熟悉度。 3. 强化练习与总结 1.专项练习：针对不同语法考点，如从句、非谓语动词等，进行专项练习题训练。做完题后，认真分析错题，明确错误原因是对语法规则理解有误，还是在实际运用中判断失误。比如在做定语从句专项练习时，若对 “whose” 的用法出错，就要重点复习 “whose” 表示所属关系，在从句中作定语的用法，如 “The house whose roof was damaged in the storm needs to be repaired.” 2.模拟阅读练习：选取包含社会热点内容的阅读理解模拟题，按照考试时间和要求完成。做完后，不仅要分析错题，还要对文章中出现的语法考点进行归纳总结，思考如何在类似语境中准确理解和运用这些语法知识。例如总结出在描述政策措施的文章中，常使用被动语态来强调动作的承受者，如 “The new regulations have been implemented to control pollution.” 4. 巧用辅助工具 语法学习软件：利用如 “百词斩爱阅读”“英语语法大全” 等 APP，它们通常包含丰富的语法讲解、例句和练习，部分还有智能分析错题功能，方便随时学习和巩固语法知识。 在线语法资源：借助权威英语学习网站，如 British Council（英国文化协会）官网的英语学习板块，有专业的语法讲解和互动练习；Coursera 等平台上的一些英语语法课程，由专业教师授课，能从不同角度加深对语法的理解。 5. 培养语境意识 结合上下文理解语法：在阅读社会热点文章时，不孤立地看待语法结构，而是结合上下文语境理解其表达的意义和功能。例如在句子 “While some people are in favor of the new tax policy, others strongly oppose it.” 中，结合上下文可知 “while” 在这里表示对比，意为 “然而”。 6.体会语法对语义的影响：关注不同语法形式如何传达不同的语义和语气。比如 “You should take action.”（should 表建议，语气较委婉）和 “You must take action.”（must 表命令，语气更强烈），通过对比体会不同情态动词对语义的影通过大量的练习和积累，可以逐步提高自己的英语水平和应试能力。 三、社会热点阅读理解题精炼 第一篇：人工智能在医疗领域的应用 Artificial intelligence (AI) is making significant inroads into the healthcare industry, revolutionizing the way diseases are diagnosed, treated, and prevented. One of the most prominent applications is in medical imaging. AI - powered algorithms can analyze X - rays, CT scans, and MRIs with a level of precision that often rivals human radiologists. These algorithms can detect early signs of diseases such as cancer, even in cases where human eyes might miss subtle indications. In addition to diagnosis, AI is also being used to develop personalized treatment plans. By analyzing a patient's genetic data, medical history, and lifestyle factors, AI systems can predict how a patient will respond to different medications and therapies. This enables doctors to tailor treatments to individual patients, increasing the effectiveness of treatment and reducing the risk of adverse reactions. However, the integration of AI in healthcare also raises several concerns. One major issue is data privacy. Since AI systems rely on vast amounts of patient data to learn and improve, protecting this sensitive information from breaches is crucial. Another concern is the potential for bias in AI algorithms. If the data used to train these algorithms is not diverse enough, the AI may make inaccurate predictions or recommendations, particularly for certain demographic groups. What is the main advantage of using AI in medical imaging? A. It can replace human radiologists completely. B. It can detect diseases with high precision, even spotting early signs. C. It is more cost - effective than traditional methods. D. It can analyze all types of medical data. How does AI help in developing personalized treatment plans? A. By providing general treatment guidelines for all patients. B. By only considering a patient's genetic data. C. By analyzing multiple factors like genetic data, medical history, and lifestyle. D. By randomly selecting treatment options. What are the concerns regarding the use of AI in healthcare? A. Lack of data for training AI algorithms. B. The high cost of implementing AI systems. C. Data privacy and potential bias in AI algorithms. D. Resistance from doctors to adopt AI technology. 第二篇：电动汽车的发展与挑战 The automotive industry is undergoing a significant transformation with the rapid rise of electric vehicles (EVs). EVs are becoming increasingly popular due to their potential to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and dependence on fossil fuels. Many governments around the world are offering incentives such as tax credits and subsidies to encourage consumers to switch to EVs. One of the key advantages of EVs is their energy efficiency. Electric motors convert a higher percentage of electrical energy into mechanical power compared to internal combustion engines. This means that EVs can travel longer distances on the same amount of energy. Additionally, the cost of battery production has been decreasing steadily, making EVs more affordable in the long run. Despite these advantages, EVs still face some challenges. One of the biggest obstacles is the limited charging infrastructure. In many areas, there are not enough charging stations, especially in rural regions. This range anxiety, as it is often called, can deter potential buyers from making the switch to an EV. Another challenge is the long charging time. While fast - charging technology is improving, it still takes significantly longer to charge an EV compared to filling up a gas tank. Why are electric vehicles becoming more popular? A. They are cheaper to buy than traditional cars. B. They can travel much faster than other vehicles. C. They help reduce greenhouse gas emissions and reliance on fossil fuels. D. They require less maintenance. What is one of the key advantages of electric vehicles? A. They have a more powerful engine. B. They are more energy - efficient. C. They can be charged anywhere. D. They have a longer lifespan. What are the main challenges for electric vehicles? A. High - cost battery production and short - range capabilities. B. Limited charging infrastructure and long charging time. C. Lack of government support and poor performance. D. Difficulty in finding suitable parking spaces. 第三篇：社交媒体对青少年心理健康的影响 Social media has become an integral part of modern life, especially for teenagers. While it offers numerous benefits such as connecting with friends, sharing experiences, and accessing information, it also has potential negative impacts on their mental health. One of the concerns is the issue of cyberbullying. With the anonymity that social media can provide, some individuals may engage in harassing or bullying behavior. This can lead to feelings of anxiety, depression, and low self - esteem among teenagers. Moreover, the constant exposure to carefully curated highlight reels of others' lives can create a sense of inadequacy. Teenagers may compare their own lives unfavorably to the seemingly perfect lives presented on social media, resulting in feelings of envy and self - doubt. On the positive side, social media can also be a platform for self - expression and support. It allows teenagers to share their creative work, find like - minded communities, and receive encouragement. Some mental health organizations even use social media to raise awareness and provide resources for teenagers struggling with mental health issues. What is one of the negative impacts of social media on teenagers' mental health? A. It restricts their access to information. B. It causes cyberbullying and a sense of inadequacy. C. It makes them too dependent on technology. D. It reduces their face - to - face communication skills. How can social media be beneficial for teenagers? A. It can completely prevent mental health issues. B. It provides a platform for self - expression and support. C. It helps them avoid real - life problems. D. It makes them more confident in real - life situations. What do some mental health organizations do with social media? A. They use it to promote cyberbullying prevention. B. They use it to conduct research on teenagers' behavior. C. They use it to raise awareness and offer resources. D. They use it to monitor teenagers' mental health. 第四篇：母女志愿者共建表演舞台 Looking around her childhood neighborhood, Shanta Mack, human resources associate with Entergy couldn’t help but share, “As a teenager, I never saw neighbors or local organizations come to my community to volunteer, but when the request was put out to revitalize (复活) the same streets that I grew up on, I jumped at the opportunity.” This year, Entergy employee volunteers celebrated Martin Luther King, Jr. Day with a series of volunteer events across the New Orleans Metro Area over a three-day weekend. Mack and her sixteen-year-old daughter Aalaina joined the United Way of Southeast Louisiana and other community members to help develop an urban garden and refresh a local playground in the Desire Area. Mack quickly realized that her old neck of the woods, which was once full of life, did not look the same as it did when she rode bikes with her friends to the local candy store. It was important for her to not only show her college-bound daughter where she grew up, but she also wanted her daughter to experience what it felt like to give back, especially to her own community. “Volunteering with my daughter allows us to bond (联系), but I also want her to take these opportunities to invest (投资) her time when she can, meet new people, learn new skills and gain volunteer hours for her college applications,” said Mack. The mother and daughter worked hand-in-hand with other volunteers to build a picnic table for locals to have lunch or rest and a stage for local artists to perform during community festivities. “The weekend was the perfect opportunity to volunteer and follow Dr. King — and others who have made sacrifices to bring equality and diversity to our communities. I was happy to get out to represent Entergy for MLK Day and will continue to do my part in serving our community,” said Mack. 1. How did Mack respond to the request to revitalize her childhood streets? A. Doubtfully. B. Unwillingly. C. Cautiously. D. Enthusiastically. 2. What does the underlined part “old neck of the woods” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Neighborhood. B. Apartment. C. Company. D. Environment. 3. Why did Mack volunteer together with her daughter? A. To make her daughter better adapt to her college life. B. To remind her daughter of her childhood memory. C. To teach her daughter to give back to community. D. To strengthen her daughter’s understanding of Dr. King. 4. Which of the following can best describe Shanta Mack? A. Honest and generous. B. Talented and ambitious. C. Active and courageous. D. Loving and responsible. 第五篇：轮胎建造游乐场 Poojarai is a young woman in India who has so far built 283 different playspaces using cheap, safe and almost entirely painted tires. The playspaces she builds are not only fun but also unique. They are designed to be suitable for children of all ages and abilities. Rai's work is mainly funded by donations and carried out with the help of volunteers. She says that she wants to create a space where children can play and have fun without any restrictions. When building the playspaces, Rai takes into account what children in the area want. She designs the themes of the playspaces based on their interests. Rai believes that play is very important for the growth of children. She thinks that in today's world, many people think that play is unnecessary, but in fact, the right to play is very important for the physical and mental health of children. 1. What is the most remarkable feature of these playgrounds? A. They are cheap. B. They are made of tires. C. They are safe. D. They are beautifully painted. 2. How does Rai carry out her work? A. She does it all by herself. B. She gets help from the government. C. She asks many people for help. D. She uses her own money. 3. What does Rai consider when building the playgrounds? A. The cost of construction. B. The theme suitable for local children. C. The number of children. D. The location of the playgrounds. 4.What does Rai's words in the last paragraph indicate? A. She encourages children to study hard. B. She hopes to build more playspaces. C. She wants to change people's attitude towards her work. D. She encourages more children to go out and play. 第六篇：工笔画大师 Growing up in rural Jiangsu Province, Yu Jigao showed a strong interest in fine arts at an early age and studied on his own for years. His hard work paid off later. In the early 1950s, he made his way to Nanjing Normal University, where he learned painting theories and techniques from some famous artists. It was then that Yu found his lifelong artistic zeal for gongbi. Gongbi paintings usually describe birds and flowers, symbols of beauty and joy, in an artistic way with intense color. After graduation from the art school in 1957, Yu began his professional career at the Chinese Painting Institute of Jiangsu. He has since published a series of art collections. Since 1959, Yu has contributed a series of works to many important sites. Yu’s works have also been displayed in a range of national and international exhibitions. From 1986 to 1997, he held his exhibitions in such places as Beijing, Guangzhou and New York. Both the themes and artistic techniques have won widespread praise in the past years. While observing traditional rules, he uses accurate lines, powerful brush movements as well as the interplay between dark and light to represent the harmony of nature. Though he adopts a realistic style, he tries to enrich his works with spiritual beauty through his brush. Yu says, “That feeling turns into the images of singing birds and elegant flowers in my paintings.” Thanks to his careful observation of nature and artistic sensitivity, Yu is able to combine realistic description with artistic expression in his brushwork. Now as deputy director of the Academy of Chinese Gongbi Painting of Flowers and Birds and a national top-level artist, Yu maintains a simple and easy-going style. In addition to artistic creation, Yu has devoted himself to promoting his painting style as the cultural heritage of China. “Art is part of my life,” Yu says. “I am proud to be a flower-bird painter. I hope to create a bright future for it through my efforts.” 1. What does the underlined word “zeal” in paragraph 1 mean? A. Request. B. Passion. C. Justice. D. Fund. 2. What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us about Yu? A. His school life. B. His painting techniques. C. His achievements in painting. D. His contributions to the art school. 3.Which is Yu’s painting feature? A. Adopting abstract objects. B. Excluding plants and animals. C. Combining traditional rules with a realistic style. D. Representing the imbalance between nature and humans. 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 1 / 15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$