重点话题12人与社会 社会热点 语法填空-【同步拓展阅读】2024-2025学年高二英语阅读提升（通用版）

重点话题12人与社会-社会热点 语法填空 【同步拓展阅读】2024-2025学年高二英语阅读提升（通用版） 1、 人与社会-社会热点语法填空高频词汇 1.社会现象与趋势类 trend：n. 趋势，潮流 phenomenon：n. 现象，复数形式为 phenomena boom：v. 繁荣；轰鸣；激增 n. 隆隆声；(营业等的) 激增；(经济等的) 繁荣 decline：v. 减少，下降，衰退；谢绝，婉拒 emergence：n. 出现，兴起，动词形式为 emerge impact：n. 影响；作用；冲击力 v. 影响；冲击；撞击 2.社会问题与挑战类 issue：n. 问题；议题；发行物 v. 发行；发布；发给 challenge：n. 挑战；艰巨任务；质疑 v. 向…… 挑战；质疑；考验 crisis：n. 危机；危急关头，复数形式为 crises pollution：n. 污染，动词形式为 pollute poverty：n. 贫穷，贫困 unemployment：n. 失业；失业率，动词形式为 employ，反义词为 employment 3.人际关系与交流类 communication：n. 交流；沟通；通讯，动词形式为 communicate interaction：n. 相互作用；相互影响；互动，动词形式为 interact cooperation：n. 合作，协作，动词形式为 cooperate conflict：n. 冲突；矛盾；斗争 v. 冲突；抵触 relationship：n. 关系；关联 understanding：n. 理解；谅解；领会，动词形式为 understand 4.社会活动与组织类 campaign：n. 运动；活动；战役 v. 参加运动；参加竞选 organization：n. 组织；机构；团体，动词形式为 organize volunteer：n. 志愿者；志愿兵 v. 自愿做；无偿做 adj. 志愿的；自愿的 charity：n. 慈善；慈善事业；慈善机构 event：n. 事件；大事；活动；赛事 ceremony：n. 典礼，仪式 5.科技与生活类 technology：n. 技术；工艺；科技，形容词形式为 technological innovation：n. 创新；革新；新方法，动词形式为 innovate digital：adj. 数字的；数码的；手指的 n. 数字；手指 internet：n. 因特网，互联网 mobile：adj. 可移动的；行动方便的；(电话、设备等) 移动的 n. 移动电话 application：n. 应用；申请；应用程序，动词形式为 apply 6.文化与传统类 culture：n. 文化；文明；教养 v. 培养；栽培 tradition：n. 传统；惯例，形容词形式为 traditional heritage：n. 遗产；传统；继承物；继承权 festival：n. 节日；庆祝活动；音乐节；戏剧节 adj. 节日的；喜庆的 custom：n. 风俗；习惯；习性；海关 adj. 定制的；定做的 7.环境与自然类 environment：n. 环境；外界，形容词形式为 environmental nature：n. 自然；性质；本性；种类，形容词形式为 natural ecology：n. 生态；生态学，形容词形式为 ecological resource：n. 资源；财力；办法；智谋，常用复数形式 resources climate：n. 气候；风气；思潮；风土 8.经济与商业类 economy：n. 经济；节约；理财，形容词形式为 economic 或 economical business：n. 商业；生意；企业；职责 market：n. 市场；行情；集市；销路 v. 做买卖；推销 competition：n. 竞争；比赛，动词形式为 compete investment：n. 投资；投入，动词形式为 invest 二、高二英语人与社会-社会热点语法填空高频短语 1.社会现象与趋势 keep up with the trend：跟上潮流 in the face of the phenomenon：面对这一现象 witness the boom of：见证…… 的繁荣 experience a decline：经历衰退 with the emergence of：随着…… 的出现 have a great impact on：对…… 有重大影响 2.社会问题与挑战 address the issue：解决问题 face the challenge：面对挑战 in the face of crisis：在危机面前 combat pollution：对抗污染 alleviate poverty：缓解贫困 reduce unemployment：减少失业 3.人际关系与交流 maintain good relationships：维持良好关系 enhance communication：加强沟通 have an interaction with：与…… 互动 cooperate with each other：相互合作 resolve conflicts：解决冲突 express one's feelings：表达某人的情感 4.社会活动与组织 launch a campaign：发起一项运动 join an organization：加入一个组织 volunteer for：为…… 做志愿 donate to charity：向慈善机构捐款 organize an event：组织一场活动 attend a ceremony：参加一个典礼 5.科技与生活 leverage technology：利用技术 drive innovation：推动创新 in the digital age：在数字时代 surf the Internet：上网 use mobile devices：使用移动设备 download applications：下载应用程序 6.文化与传统 preserve culture：保护文化 inherit traditions：继承传统 cherish heritage：珍视遗产 celebrate a festival：庆祝节日 follow the custom：遵循习俗 exchange cultural ideas：交流文化思想 7.环境与自然 protect the environment：保护环境 live in harmony with nature：与自然和谐相处 maintain ecological balance：维持生态平衡 conserve resources：节约资源 combat climate change：应对气候变化 raise awareness of environmental protection：提高环保意识 8.经济与商业 boost the economy：促进经济发展 do business with：与…… 做生意 expand the market：拓展市场 compete in the market：在市场中竞争 make an investment：进行投资 increase profits：增加利润 三、如何将这些高频短语运用到英语写作中？ 将高二英语 “人与社会-社会热点” 相关高频短语运用到写作中，可从精准匹配话题、灵活融入句式、结合上下文衔接等方面入手，以下为你详细介绍： 1. 精准匹配话题 写作时先确定主题，围绕主题选择恰当短语。如写关于环保的作文，“protect the environment”“conserve resources”“combat climate change” 等短语就很合适。例如： In order to protect the environment, we should start from small things in our daily life, such as reducing the use of disposable products.（为了保护环境，我们应该从日常生活中的小事做起，比如减少一次性产品的使用。） 2. 灵活融入句式 不要生硬插入短语，要把它们自然融入不同句式。 简单句：直接作谓语动词短语等核心部分。如 “Volunteer for local charities regularly. It can not only help those in need but also enrich your life experience.”（定期为当地慈善机构做志愿服务。这不仅能帮助那些有需要的人，还能丰富你的生活阅历。） 并列句：用在不同并列成分中。例如 “Some people choose to surf the Internet to relax, while others prefer to do outdoor activities to keep fit.”（一些人选择上网放松，而另一些人则更喜欢进行户外活动来保持健康。） 复合句：放在从句等结构里。如 “With the emergence of new technologies which can help combat pollution, we are more confident in achieving a sustainable future.”（随着有助于对抗污染的新技术的出现，我们对实现可持续发展的未来更有信心。） 3. 结合上下文做好衔接 使用短语时要注意与上下文连贯，可借助逻辑关系词连接。 表因果：在阐述科技对生活影响时，“The development of technology has brought great convenience to our lives. For example, mobile devices make communication much easier. As a result, people can keep in touch with each other more frequently regardless of the distance.”（科技的发展给我们的生活带来了极大的便利。例如，移动设备使沟通变得更加容易。因此，无论距离多远，人们都能更频繁地保持联系。） 表转折：论述文化保护问题，“Many traditional customs are facing the risk of extinction. However, with people's increasing awareness of cultural heritage protection, some endangered customs are being revived.”（许多传统习俗正面临灭绝的风险。然而，随着人们对文化遗产保护意识的增强，一些濒危习俗正在复苏。） 表递进：探讨社会问题，“Poverty is a serious issue. Moreover, it is often accompanied by other problems like unemployment and lack of education.”（贫困是一个严重的问题。此外，它常常伴随着失业和教育匮乏等其他问题。） 4. 多样使用避免重复 同一话题写作中，尽量用不同短语表达相似意思。如写关于社会发展，不要多次用 “develop” 相关表达，可交替使用 “witness the boom of”“experience rapid progress” 等。比如：“Our city has witnessed the boom of the service industry in recent years. At the same time, it is also experiencing rapid progress in infrastructure construction.”（近年来，我们城市见证了服务业的繁荣。与此同时，它在基础设施建设方面也经历快速发展） 四、人与社会-社会热点语法填空精练题 以下是七篇高二英语 “人与社会 - 社会热点” 语法填空及答案解析： Passage 1 Is your mobile phone directory full of phone numbers of people you don’t really want to talk to? Do you go out with people from work or university more often than with your real friends? Do you say yes to invitations because you think you 1. , not because you want to? If you answered yes to at least two of these questions, then perhaps it’s time to “edit your friends.” Nowadays people tend to spend a lot of time 2. (socialize) with colleagues at work or classmates at university. The result is 3._____ we don’t have enough time to see our real, close friends. Who are the friends 4._____ need to be edited? A few years ago I read a book about 5._____ to get rid of unnecessary possessions. It said you should ask 6._____ about each thing you have: Is it useful? Do I really like it? Do I feel better 7.___________ I look at it? If the answer is no to any one of those questions, you should throw it away. Maybe we should ask similar questions about our friends. What kind of friends will you probably need to edit? Sometimes it’s an old friend, who you used to have a lot in common 8._ , but who, when you meet now, you have very little to say to. Or it might be a new friend who you get on quite well with, but who is taking up too much of your time. Next time one of these people calls you, suggesting a meeting, 9.__ (think), “Do I really want to see this person?” and if the answer is no, say no, and make an excuse. That way you’ll have more time 10._____ (leave) for your real friends. Passage 2 Scientists found that air pollution may be responsible 1 a significant reduction in intelligence. The research 2 (conduct) for the World Health Organization (WHO) in China showed that air pollution was responsible for big falls in test 3 (score) for languages and arithmetic. The study is called The impact of exposure to air pollution on cognitive (认知的）performance. It 4 (publish) in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences journal. The study took place over four years. Researchers analyzed speaking and arithmetic tests taken by 20,000 people of all ages. They said, Polluted air may prevent cognitive ability as people become older. The study is a warning to the rest of the world, especially to 5 in cities. Over 91 percent of the world population live in areas with 6 (poison) air and air pollution is the fourth 7 (high) cause of global deaths. Researchers discovered that 8 longer people were exposed to polluted air, the greater their intelligence went down. They said air pollution caused a years worth of lost education. For those 9 were over 60 years old, this could be several years. A researcher warned, There is no shortcut 10 (solve) this issue. Governments really need to take effective measures to reduce air pollution. Passage 3 New Year's Eve is the last day of the year. It is always an exciting time because people look forward to 1 (welcome) a new year. It is also a good time to think back and say goodbye to the old year. New Year's Eve is a 2 (nation) holiday for many people around the world. In a lot of countries, people go back to their hometown for the New Year, so usually the trains and buses 3 (pack) with people. In England, there is always a New Year's Eve party, 4 is usually held at someone's home and the host invites friends, families and neighbors. The living room becomes a mini disco as everyone dances 5 loud music. I have lots of good 6 (memory) of New Year's Eve. I once spent one freezing New Year's Eve in Trafalgar Square in the center of London. It snowed and was 7 (bitter) cold. I also spent many wonderful New Year's Eves in Japan. There, it is a tradition 8 (visit) a shrine (圣坛) and pray for good things. I think wherever you are, New Year's Eve is always 9 exciting day. Maybe the last way to welcome the New Year 10 (be)watching amazing fireworks displays in the world's cities. Passage 4 In a tea plantation (种植园), Maksim Ruban examined the collected fresh tea leaves carefully as local farmers began their annual tea-picking season. The 25-year-old Russian runs a tea business in St. Petersburg, Russia. His company, 1.____ imports tea from China regularly, has an online store selling its products across Russia. Ever since he was a little kid, he 2.____ (become) fascinated with Chinese tea culture. 3.____ (find) suitable tea flavors, the young man shuttles between Russia and China almost every year. Last month, he visited multiple Chinese cities and Qimen in Huangshan city was 4.____ must-see spot on his journey. The county is home to the world-famous Keemun black tea, 5.____ (award) the gold medal at the 1915 Panama World’s Fair. Keemun black tea, Darjeeling black tea from India and Ceylon black tea from Sri Lanka, are known 6.____ the world’s top three high-fragrance black tea varieties. In a local Keemun black tea company, Ruban 7.____ (have) a close look at the local showroom, production workshop, and tea plantation. A tea craftsman also showed the complex manufacturing procedures with strict 8.____ (standard). Finally, the Russian man signed an 9.____ (agree) with the company, reaching their initial cooperation intention. 10.____ (deep) impressed by Qimen’s beautiful ecological environment and high-quality tea leaves, Ruban has decided to introduce Keemun black tea to more Russian customers. Passage 5 When I worked part-time in a local bookstore at my early age - so easily pictured, if you do not work in one, as a kind of paradise where not only 1 one read his own favorite books but also encounter charming young ladies (one of my personal fantasies) who browse eternally among Toni Morrison or Ernest Hemingway. The thing that chiefly struck me was that really bookish people are a rarity, 2 there are vast numbers of those who consider themselves to be such. Often they will introduce themselves when they enter the bookshop 3 book people and insist on telling you that we love books. They will wear T-shirts or carry bags with slogans explaining exactly how much they think they adore books. It is clear that the way they dress themselves is quite similar to that of us bookish people, but that is 4 the similarities between them and us begin and end. And 5 (sure) means of identifying them is that they never, ever buy books. These days it is so rare that I find time to read that, when I do, it feels like indulgence, more so than any, other sensory experience. When an important relationship in my twenties 6 (break) up the only thing I could do was to read, and I amassed a pile of books 7 I sank and escaped from the world around me and inside me. The landscapes of Yu Hua, Wang Shou, Ernest Hemingway, George Orwell, Fyodor Dostoyevsky, Harper Lee and others protected me from my own thoughts, which were pushed into the background, where 8 could silently process without bothering me. I created a physical wall on my desk, 9 (make) from the books, and as I read them the wall slowly came down until it was gone. In a more real sense, books are the best way in which one enriches his own life and the enormous numbers of them out there in the world excite me, especially when I visit second-hand bookstores with no intention 10 (search) for a certain book. It is like casting a net and never knowing what you will find when you gather it in. Passage 6 The Mogao Grottoes, a world-renowned 1.________ (culture) heritage site in Dunhuang, contains 735 caves and more than 45,000 square meters of murals. Their preservation could not have been done 2.________ the dedication of countless guardians across 3.________ (generation). Among them, Fan Jinshi, former president of the Dunhuang Academy, is an illustrative one. Fan first trekked all the way to Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes in July 1963 shortly after 4.________ (graduate) from college. She kept a dream to protect the national cultural heritage 5.________ remained there for more than 50 years. Over the past decades, she 6.________ (put) down roots in the desert, as if her life and Dunhuang's have blended into one. Thus she has become known as “Daughter of Dunhuang”. Fan has made outstanding contributions to the cause of protecting, studying and carrying forward Dunhuang Grottoes through her work. She was the first 7.________ (suggest) the “Digital Dunhuang” concept in the late 1980s to preserve the murals, 8.________ (paint) sculptures and historical data in Dunhuang Caves permanently. She also 9.________ (active) promoted the popularization of the Dunhuang culture. Now, 85-year-old Fan Jinshi, 10.________ still works very hard to protect and manage the caves, is as busy as ever. “I've done all I could for Dunhuang,” she says. Passage 7 The powerful Hurricane Barry weakened but remained a weather nightmare on Tuesday. It 1.________ (strike) parts of Arkansas with at least six 2.________ (inch) of rain and caused flash flooding that drowned 3.________ animal shelter and killed a puppy. Heavy rains were falling. The Humane Society of Clark County issued an SOS after flooding drowned its recently rebuilt shelter. “SOS! We are flooded. It's on the building!” the official said in a Facebook post. “We need help! Can any of you keep a dog 4.________ two at your houses? Help! Help! Help!” Video from the scene showed wet dogs wandering loose in the shelter, the floor covered in water. Many offered their homes and yards 5.________ the animals. A short time 6.________ (late), the official posted an update on Facebook 7.________ (say) foster homes have been found for all 72 dogs. “We are so blessed! People from all over have come to 8.________ (we) rescue. Donations. Cleaning. Fostering. It's really 9.________ (impress),” the post said. After the rainfall, a ray of sunshine shone brightly in the states 10.________ the storm burst last week. 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 1 / 15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 重点话题12人与社会-社会热点 语法填空 【同步拓展阅读】2024-2025学年高二英语阅读提升（通用版） 1、 人与社会-社会热点语法填空高频词汇 1.社会现象与趋势类 trend：n. 趋势，潮流 phenomenon：n. 现象，复数形式为 phenomena boom：v. 繁荣；轰鸣；激增 n. 隆隆声；(营业等的) 激增；(经济等的) 繁荣 decline：v. 减少，下降，衰退；谢绝，婉拒 emergence：n. 出现，兴起，动词形式为 emerge impact：n. 影响；作用；冲击力 v. 影响；冲击；撞击 2.社会问题与挑战类 issue：n. 问题；议题；发行物 v. 发行；发布；发给 challenge：n. 挑战；艰巨任务；质疑 v. 向…… 挑战；质疑；考验 crisis：n. 危机；危急关头，复数形式为 crises pollution：n. 污染，动词形式为 pollute poverty：n. 贫穷，贫困 unemployment：n. 失业；失业率，动词形式为 employ，反义词为 employment 3.人际关系与交流类 communication：n. 交流；沟通；通讯，动词形式为 communicate interaction：n. 相互作用；相互影响；互动，动词形式为 interact cooperation：n. 合作，协作，动词形式为 cooperate conflict：n. 冲突；矛盾；斗争 v. 冲突；抵触 relationship：n. 关系；关联 understanding：n. 理解；谅解；领会，动词形式为 understand 4.社会活动与组织类 campaign：n. 运动；活动；战役 v. 参加运动；参加竞选 organization：n. 组织；机构；团体，动词形式为 organize volunteer：n. 志愿者；志愿兵 v. 自愿做；无偿做 adj. 志愿的；自愿的 charity：n. 慈善；慈善事业；慈善机构 event：n. 事件；大事；活动；赛事 ceremony：n. 典礼，仪式 5.科技与生活类 technology：n. 技术；工艺；科技，形容词形式为 technological innovation：n. 创新；革新；新方法，动词形式为 innovate digital：adj. 数字的；数码的；手指的 n. 数字；手指 internet：n. 因特网，互联网 mobile：adj. 可移动的；行动方便的；(电话、设备等) 移动的 n. 移动电话 application：n. 应用；申请；应用程序，动词形式为 apply 6.文化与传统类 culture：n. 文化；文明；教养 v. 培养；栽培 tradition：n. 传统；惯例，形容词形式为 traditional heritage：n. 遗产；传统；继承物；继承权 festival：n. 节日；庆祝活动；音乐节；戏剧节 adj. 节日的；喜庆的 custom：n. 风俗；习惯；习性；海关 adj. 定制的；定做的 7.环境与自然类 environment：n. 环境；外界，形容词形式为 environmental nature：n. 自然；性质；本性；种类，形容词形式为 natural ecology：n. 生态；生态学，形容词形式为 ecological resource：n. 资源；财力；办法；智谋，常用复数形式 resources climate：n. 气候；风气；思潮；风土 8.经济与商业类 economy：n. 经济；节约；理财，形容词形式为 economic 或 economical business：n. 商业；生意；企业；职责 market：n. 市场；行情；集市；销路 v. 做买卖；推销 competition：n. 竞争；比赛，动词形式为 compete investment：n. 投资；投入，动词形式为 invest 二、高二英语人与社会-社会热点语法填空高频短语 1.社会现象与趋势 keep up with the trend：跟上潮流 in the face of the phenomenon：面对这一现象 witness the boom of：见证…… 的繁荣 experience a decline：经历衰退 with the emergence of：随着…… 的出现 have a great impact on：对…… 有重大影响 2.社会问题与挑战 address the issue：解决问题 face the challenge：面对挑战 in the face of crisis：在危机面前 combat pollution：对抗污染 alleviate poverty：缓解贫困 reduce unemployment：减少失业 3.人际关系与交流 maintain good relationships：维持良好关系 enhance communication：加强沟通 have an interaction with：与…… 互动 cooperate with each other：相互合作 resolve conflicts：解决冲突 express one's feelings：表达某人的情感 4.社会活动与组织 launch a campaign：发起一项运动 join an organization：加入一个组织 volunteer for：为…… 做志愿 donate to charity：向慈善机构捐款 organize an event：组织一场活动 attend a ceremony：参加一个典礼 5.科技与生活 leverage technology：利用技术 drive innovation：推动创新 in the digital age：在数字时代 surf the Internet：上网 use mobile devices：使用移动设备 download applications：下载应用程序 6.文化与传统 preserve culture：保护文化 inherit traditions：继承传统 cherish heritage：珍视遗产 celebrate a festival：庆祝节日 follow the custom：遵循习俗 exchange cultural ideas：交流文化思想 7.环境与自然 protect the environment：保护环境 live in harmony with nature：与自然和谐相处 maintain ecological balance：维持生态平衡 conserve resources：节约资源 combat climate change：应对气候变化 raise awareness of environmental protection：提高环保意识 8.经济与商业 boost the economy：促进经济发展 do business with：与…… 做生意 expand the market：拓展市场 compete in the market：在市场中竞争 make an investment：进行投资 increase profits：增加利润 三、如何将这些高频短语运用到英语写作中？ 将高二英语 “人与社会-社会热点” 相关高频短语运用到写作中，可从精准匹配话题、灵活融入句式、结合上下文衔接等方面入手，以下为你详细介绍： 1. 精准匹配话题 写作时先确定主题，围绕主题选择恰当短语。如写关于环保的作文，“protect the environment”“conserve resources”“combat climate change” 等短语就很合适。例如： In order to protect the environment, we should start from small things in our daily life, such as reducing the use of disposable products.（为了保护环境，我们应该从日常生活中的小事做起，比如减少一次性产品的使用。） 2. 灵活融入句式 不要生硬插入短语，要把它们自然融入不同句式。 简单句：直接作谓语动词短语等核心部分。如 “Volunteer for local charities regularly. It can not only help those in need but also enrich your life experience.”（定期为当地慈善机构做志愿服务。这不仅能帮助那些有需要的人，还能丰富你的生活阅历。） 并列句：用在不同并列成分中。例如 “Some people choose to surf the Internet to relax, while others prefer to do outdoor activities to keep fit.”（一些人选择上网放松，而另一些人则更喜欢进行户外活动来保持健康。） 复合句：放在从句等结构里。如 “With the emergence of new technologies which can help combat pollution, we are more confident in achieving a sustainable future.”（随着有助于对抗污染的新技术的出现，我们对实现可持续发展的未来更有信心。） 3. 结合上下文做好衔接 使用短语时要注意与上下文连贯，可借助逻辑关系词连接。 表因果：在阐述科技对生活影响时，“The development of technology has brought great convenience to our lives. For example, mobile devices make communication much easier. As a result, people can keep in touch with each other more frequently regardless of the distance.”（科技的发展给我们的生活带来了极大的便利。例如，移动设备使沟通变得更加容易。因此，无论距离多远，人们都能更频繁地保持联系。） 表转折：论述文化保护问题，“Many traditional customs are facing the risk of extinction. However, with people's increasing awareness of cultural heritage protection, some endangered customs are being revived.”（许多传统习俗正面临灭绝的风险。然而，随着人们对文化遗产保护意识的增强，一些濒危习俗正在复苏。） 表递进：探讨社会问题，“Poverty is a serious issue. Moreover, it is often accompanied by other problems like unemployment and lack of education.”（贫困是一个严重的问题。此外，它常常伴随着失业和教育匮乏等其他问题。） 4. 多样使用避免重复 同一话题写作中，尽量用不同短语表达相似意思。如写关于社会发展，不要多次用 “develop” 相关表达，可交替使用 “witness the boom of”“experience rapid progress” 等。比如：“Our city has witnessed the boom of the service industry in recent years. At the same time, it is also experiencing rapid progress in infrastructure construction.”（近年来，我们城市见证了服务业的繁荣。与此同时，它在基础设施建设方面也经历快速发展） 四、人与社会-社会热点语法填空精练题 以下是七篇高二英语 “人与社会 - 社会热点” 语法填空及答案解析： Passage 1 Is your mobile phone directory full of phone numbers of people you don’t really want to talk to? Do you go out with people from work or university more often than with your real friends? Do you say yes to invitations because you think you 1. , not because you want to? If you answered yes to at least two of these questions, then perhaps it’s time to “edit your friends.” Nowadays people tend to spend a lot of time 2. (socialize) with colleagues at work or classmates at university. The result is 3._____ we don’t have enough time to see our real, close friends. Who are the friends 4._____ need to be edited? A few years ago I read a book about 5._____ to get rid of unnecessary possessions. It said you should ask 6._____ about each thing you have: Is it useful? Do I really like it? Do I feel better 7.___________ I look at it? If the answer is no to any one of those questions, you should throw it away. Maybe we should ask similar questions about our friends. What kind of friends will you probably need to edit? Sometimes it’s an old friend, who you used to have a lot in common 8._ , but who, when you meet now, you have very little to say to. Or it might be a new friend who you get on quite well with, but who is taking up too much of your time. Next time one of these people calls you, suggesting a meeting, 9.__ (think), “Do I really want to see this person?” and if the answer is no, say no, and make an excuse. That way you’ll have more time 10._____ (leave) for your real friends. 答案及解析： 1.have to：根据语境，这里表示因为觉得不得不答应邀请，而不是因为想，故填 have to。 2.socializing：spend time (in) doing sth. 是固定搭配，意为 “花费时间做某事”，故填 socializing。 3.that：此处是 that 引导的表语从句，that 无实际意义，只起连接作用。 4.that/who：这是一个定语从句，先行词是 friends，指人，在从句中作主语，所以用 that 或 who。 5.how：根据语境，是关于如何处理不必要的物品，故填 how。 6.yourself：根据上下文，是问自己关于拥有的每一件东西的问题，故填 yourself。 7.when/if：根据语境，当 / 如果看到它的时候感觉是否更好，故填 when 或 if。 8.with：have sth. in common with sb. 是固定短语，意为 “与某人有共同之处”，故填 with。 9.think：此处是祈使句，用动词原形开头。 10.left：time 与 leave 之间是被动关系，有更多时间被留给真正的朋友，故填 left。 Passage 2 Scientists found that air pollution may be responsible 1 a significant reduction in intelligence. The research 2 (conduct) for the World Health Organization (WHO) in China showed that air pollution was responsible for big falls in test 3 (score) for languages and arithmetic. The study is called The impact of exposure to air pollution on cognitive (认知的）performance. It 4 (publish) in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences journal. The study took place over four years. Researchers analyzed speaking and arithmetic tests taken by 20,000 people of all ages. They said, Polluted air may prevent cognitive ability as people become older. The study is a warning to the rest of the world, especially to 5 in cities. Over 91 percent of the world population live in areas with 6 (poison) air and air pollution is the fourth 7 (high) cause of global deaths. Researchers discovered that 8 longer people were exposed to polluted air, the greater their intelligence went down. They said air pollution caused a years worth of lost education. For those 9 were over 60 years old, this could be several years. A researcher warned, There is no shortcut 10 (solve) this issue. Governments really need to take effective measures to reduce air pollution. 答案及解析： 1.for：be responsible for 是固定短语，意为 “对…… 负责；是…… 的原因”。 2.conducted：此处是过去分词作后置定语，修饰 research，research 与 conduct 之间是被动关系。 3.scores：score 是可数名词，此处指语言和算术的测试分数，应用复数形式。 4.was published：study 与 publish 之间是被动关系，且动作发生在过去，用一般过去时的被动语态。 5.those：指代那些在城市里的人。 6.poisonous：修饰名词 air，用形容词形式，意为 “有毒的”。 7.highest：根据前面的 the fourth 可知，此处用最高级，表示 “第四大……”。 8.the：“the + 比较级，the + 比较级” 表示 “越……，越……”。 9.who：引导定语从句，先行词是 those 指人，在从句中作主语，故用 who。 10.to solve：There is no shortcut to do sth. 是固定句式，意为 “做某事没有捷径”。 Passage 3 New Year's Eve is the last day of the year. It is always an exciting time because people look forward to 1 (welcome) a new year. It is also a good time to think back and say goodbye to the old year. New Year's Eve is a 2 (nation) holiday for many people around the world. In a lot of countries, people go back to their hometown for the New Year, so usually the trains and buses 3 (pack) with people. In England, there is always a New Year's Eve party, 4 is usually held at someone's home and the host invites friends, families and neighbors. The living room becomes a mini disco as everyone dances 5 loud music. I have lots of good 6 (memory) of New Year's Eve. I once spent one freezing New Year's Eve in Trafalgar Square in the center of London. It snowed and was 7 (bitter) cold. I also spent many wonderful New Year's Eves in Japan. There, it is a tradition 8 (visit) a shrine (圣坛) and pray for good things. I think wherever you are, New Year's Eve is always 9 exciting day. Maybe the last way to welcome the New Year 10 (be)watching amazing fireworks displays in the world's cities. 答案及解析： 1.welcoming：look forward to 中的 to 是介词，后接动名词作宾语。 2.national：修饰名词 holiday，用形容词形式，意为 “国家的”。 3.are packed：be packed with 是固定短语，意为 “挤满”，此处用一般现在时的被动语态表示经常或反复发生的动作。 4.which：引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是 party，在从句中作主语，故用 which。 5.to：dance to music 是固定搭配，意为 “随着音乐跳舞”。 6.memories：memory 作 “回忆” 讲时是可数名词，由 lots of 可知用复数形式。 7.bitterly：修饰形容词 cold，用副词形式，意为 “极其，非常”。 8.to visit：it 是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式短语。 9.an：泛指 “令人兴奋的一天”，exciting 以元音音素开头，故用 an。 10.is：主语是 the last way，是单数，谓语动词用单数形式，此处用一般现在时表示客观事实。 Passage 4 In a tea plantation (种植园), Maksim Ruban examined the collected fresh tea leaves carefully as local farmers began their annual tea-picking season. The 25-year-old Russian runs a tea business in St. Petersburg, Russia. His company, 1.____ imports tea from China regularly, has an online store selling its products across Russia. Ever since he was a little kid, he 2.____ (become) fascinated with Chinese tea culture. 3.____ (find) suitable tea flavors, the young man shuttles between Russia and China almost every year. Last month, he visited multiple Chinese cities and Qimen in Huangshan city was 4.____ must-see spot on his journey. The county is home to the world-famous Keemun black tea, 5.____ (award) the gold medal at the 1915 Panama World’s Fair. Keemun black tea, Darjeeling black tea from India and Ceylon black tea from Sri Lanka, are known 6.____ the world’s top three high-fragrance black tea varieties. In a local Keemun black tea company, Ruban 7.____ (have) a close look at the local showroom, production workshop, and tea plantation. A tea craftsman also showed the complex manufacturing procedures with strict 8.____ (standard). Finally, the Russian man signed an 9.____ (agree) with the company, reaching their initial cooperation intention. 10.____ (deep) impressed by Qimen’s beautiful ecological environment and high-quality tea leaves, Ruban has decided to introduce Keemun black tea to more Russian customers. 答案及解析： 1.which：引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是 company，在从句中作主语，故用 which。 2.has become：ever since 引导时间状语从句，主句用现在完成时。 3.To find：此处用不定式作目的状语，表示为了找到合适的茶味。 4.a：表示 “一个必看的景点”，must-see 以辅音音素开头，故用 a。 5.awarded：过去分词作后置定语，award 与 Keemun black tea 之间是被动关系。 6.as：be known as 是固定短语，意为 “作为…… 而闻名”。 7.had：描述过去发生的动作，用一般过去时。 8.standards：standard 是可数名词，此处用复数形式表示 “严格的标准”。 9.agreement：sign an agreement 是固定短语，意为 “签署协议”，用名词形式。 10.Deeply：修饰形容词 impressed，用副词形式，意为 “深深地”。 Passage 5 When I worked part-time in a local bookstore at my early age - so easily pictured, if you do not work in one, as a kind of paradise where not only 1 one read his own favorite books but also encounter charming young ladies (one of my personal fantasies) who browse eternally among Toni Morrison or Ernest Hemingway. The thing that chiefly struck me was that really bookish people are a rarity, 2 there are vast numbers of those who consider themselves to be such. Often they will introduce themselves when they enter the bookshop 3 book people and insist on telling you that we love books. They will wear T-shirts or carry bags with slogans explaining exactly how much they think they adore books. It is clear that the way they dress themselves is quite similar to that of us bookish people, but that is 4 the similarities between them and us begin and end. And 5 (sure) means of identifying them is that they never, ever buy books. These days it is so rare that I find time to read that, when I do, it feels like indulgence, more so than any, other sensory experience. When an important relationship in my twenties 6 (break) up the only thing I could do was to read, and I amassed a pile of books 7 I sank and escaped from the world around me and inside me. The landscapes of Yu Hua, Wang Shou, Ernest Hemingway, George Orwell, Fyodor Dostoyevsky, Harper Lee and others protected me from my own thoughts, which were pushed into the background, where 8 could silently process without bothering me. I created a physical wall on my desk, 9 (make) from the books, and as I read them the wall slowly came down until it was gone. In a more real sense, books are the best way in which one enriches his own life and the enormous numbers of them out there in the world excite me, especially when I visit second-hand bookstores with no intention 10 (search) for a certain book. It is like casting a net and never knowing what you will find when you gather it in. 答案及解析5： 1.can：表示 “能够”，在这个书店里一个人不仅能够读自己喜欢的书，还能遇到迷人的女士。 2.although：引导让步状语从句，意为 “尽管”，尽管很多人认为自己爱读书，但真正爱读书的人很少。 3.as：introduce oneself as... 是固定搭配，意为 “自称是……”。 4.where：引导表语从句，在从句中作地点状语，那就是相似之处开始和结束的地方。 5.the surest：根据语境可知，这里表示最确定的辨别方法，用最高级。 6.broke：根据时间状语 in my twenties 可知，用一般过去时。 7.into which：引导定语从句，先行词是 books，sink into 是固定短语，意为 “沉浸在…… 中”，故用 into which。 8.they：指代前面的 thoughts。 9.made：过去分词作后置定语，wall 与 make 之间是被动关系。 10.to search：have no intention to do sth. 是固定短语，意为 “无意做某事”。 Passage 6 The Mogao Grottoes, a world-renowned 1.________ (culture) heritage site in Dunhuang, contains 735 caves and more than 45,000 square meters of murals. Their preservation could not have been done 2.________ the dedication of countless guardians across 3.________ (generation). Among them, Fan Jinshi, former president of the Dunhuang Academy, is an illustrative one. Fan first trekked all the way to Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes in July 1963 shortly after 4.________ (graduate) from college. She kept a dream to protect the national cultural heritage 5.________ remained there for more than 50 years. Over the past decades, she 6.________ (put) down roots in the desert, as if her life and Dunhuang's have blended into one. Thus she has become known as “Daughter of Dunhuang”. Fan has made outstanding contributions to the cause of protecting, studying and carrying forward Dunhuang Grottoes through her work. She was the first 7.________ (suggest) the “Digital Dunhuang” concept in the late 1980s to preserve the murals, 8.________ (paint) sculptures and historical data in Dunhuang Caves permanently. She also 9.________ (active) promoted the popularization of the Dunhuang culture. Now, 85-year-old Fan Jinshi, 10.________ still works very hard to protect and manage the caves, is as busy as ever. “I've done all I could for Dunhuang,” she says. 答案及解析 cultural：形容词作定语修饰名词 heritage，故填 cultural。 without：根据语境可知，此处表示 “如果没有” 几代守护者的奉献，它们的保存是不可能的，故填 without。 generations：generation 为可数名词，across generations 表示 “几代人”，用复数形式，故填 generations。 graduating：after 是介词，后接动名词作宾语，故填 graduating。 and：前后动词为并列关系，她怀揣梦想并且在那里坚守了 50 多年，用 and 连接，故填 and。 has put：根据时间状语 Over the past decades 可知，应用现在完成时，故填 has put。 to suggest：the + 序数词 + 名词 + 动词不定式，动词不定式作后置定语，故填 to suggest。 painted：形容词 painted 作定语修饰名词 sculptures，意为 “彩塑”，故填 painted。 actively：副词作状语修饰动词 promoted，故填 actively。 who：先行词为 Fan Jinshi，指人，在非限制性定语从句中作主语，关系代词用 who，故填 who。 Passage 7 The powerful Hurricane Barry weakened but remained a weather nightmare on Tuesday. It 1.________ (strike) parts of Arkansas with at least six 2.________ (inch) of rain and caused flash flooding that drowned 3.________ animal shelter and killed a puppy. Heavy rains were falling. The Humane Society of Clark County issued an SOS after flooding drowned its recently rebuilt shelter. “SOS! We are flooded. It's on the building!” the official said in a Facebook post. “We need help! Can any of you keep a dog 4.________ two at your houses? Help! Help! Help!” Video from the scene showed wet dogs wandering loose in the shelter, the floor covered in water. Many offered their homes and yards 5.________ the animals. A short time 6.________ (late), the official posted an update on Facebook 7.________ (say) foster homes have been found for all 72 dogs. “We are so blessed! People from all over have come to 8.________ (we) rescue. Donations. Cleaning. Fostering. It's really 9.________ (impress),” the post said. After the rainfall, a ray of sunshine shone brightly in the states 10.________ the storm burst last week. 答案及解析 struck：根据上文可知飓风发生在过去，应用一般过去时，故填 struck。 inches：inch 为可数名词，由 six 修饰，应用复数形式，故填 inches。 an：animal shelter 为可数名词，此处表示泛指 “一家动物收容所”，且 animal 以元音音素开头，故填 an。 or：根据语境可知，此处表示 “或者”，问能否在家里养一只或者两只狗，故填 or。 to：offer sth. to... 是固定短语，意为 “提供某物给……”，故填 to。 later：a short time later 表示 “不久之后”，故填 later。 saying：本句中 say 作非谓语动词，与逻辑主语 an update 构成主动关系，应用现在分词作状语，故填 saying。 our：come to one's rescue 是固定短语，意为 “营救某人”，结合上文 we 可知应填 our。 impressive：在系动词 is 后作表语，用形容词，故填 impressive。 where：本句为定语从句修饰先行词 states，先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词 where，故填 where。 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 1 / 15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$