精品解析：江西省赣州市2024-2025学年高一上学期1月期末英语试题

赣州市2024-2025学年度第一学期期末考试 高一英语试卷 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What is Bruce doing? A. Working with Jason. B. Looking for a new job. C. Selling things in a market. 2. Why did the man go to China? A. To visit a friend. B. To do business. C. To attend a party. 3. Where does the conversation take place? A. At a shoe store. B. At a clothes store. C. At a book store. 4. What are the speakers afraid of? A. Unemployment. B. Loneliness. C. Pay cuts. 5. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. A handmade hat. B. A birthday party. C. Jonathan's new job. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7题。 6. What is Dean doing? A. Lying in bed. B. Preparing for a trip. C. Playing computer games. 7. When will Dean get up tomorrow morning? A. At 8: 30. B. At 7: 45. C. At 6: 15. 听下面一段对话，回答第8至第10题。 8. What did the man do just now? A. He exercised indoors. B. He studied in his room. C. He took a walk. 9. What will the man do first? A. Order some food. B. Read the menu. C. Go out for dinner. 10. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Friends. B. Husband and wife. C. Waitress and customer. 听下面一段对话，回答第11至第13题。 11. What is most probably the woman? A. A secretary. B. A saleswoman. C. A manager. 12. Why does the man want to speak to Mark Brown? A. To inform him of the new office. B. To ask some personal problems. C. To discuss a new order. 13. What is the man's new number? A. 86392747 B. 86392774. C. 83697247. 听下面一段对话，回答第14至第17题。 14. Why is Angela Zhang in the news? A. She won a contest. B. She gave away $100, 000. C. She reads 300 books a year. 15. How old is Nithin Tumma? A. 13. B. 18. C. 19. 16. Where is Neveah Mosher from? A. California. B. Michigan. C. New York. 17. What does the man advise the woman to do? A To do some research. B. To try to make some news. C. To spend more time in reading. 听下面一段独白，回答第18至第20题。 18. How often is the Noetic Learning Math Contest held? A. Once a year. B. Twice a year. C. Once every two years. 19. What are students required to do during the contest? A. Solve 45 problems in an hour. B. Solve 20 problems in 45 minutes. C. Solve 10 problems in half an hour. 20. What will the highest scorer of each team receive? A. A “Team Winner” medal. B. A “Team Achievement Plaque”. C. A “National Honor Roll” medal. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A ABOUT ESL NEWS STORIES ESL News Stories is for English learners and their teachers. We take interesting stories from around the world and reproduce them here in our own words and with fewer English language challenges. Each article is followed by links to a printable text. It includes warm-up questions, the article, and activities to help with understanding and to encourage discussion. For students There are several ways this material can be used. Determined students may use the lessons themselves by focusing on the reading, vocabulary, and understanding activities. Students may also use the material in groups with a discussion focus. For teachers One of these articles should easily provide enough material for a fifty-minute class, especially if enough time is taken at each stage. Some or all of the following would fill a lesson: ● Have students predict the article's content from the headline. ● Use pictures in the article to understand vocabulary and the topic. ● Make sure students have some form of warm-up discussion, preferably in pairs. ● Encourage students to have natural conversations while discussing. Finally, if you are looking for general discussion questions or questions that target specific language, please visit Print Discuss. 1. What is the purpose of ESL News Stories? A. To offer interesting English stories. B. To produce articles about current events. C. To provide challenging stories for natives. D. To create original English language articles. 2. What can teachers do with the articles? A. Guide students to make a prediction. B. Encourage students to admire pictures. C. Teach students to correct pronunciation. D. Help students to practice writing skills. 3. What is ESL News Stories? A. A magazine. B. A website. C. A book. D. A video. 【答案】1. A 2. A 3. B 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了“ESL News Stories”这一面向英语学习者及其教师的资源。它选取全球有趣故事，以简化语言重新编写，不管是对于学生还是老师都有帮助。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“ESL News Stories is for English learners and their teachers. We take interesting stories from around the world and reproduce them here in our own words and with fewer English language challenges. (“英语学习新闻故事”是为英语学习者及其教师打造的。我们从世界各地选取有趣的新闻故事，用更简单的语言重新编写，降低英语学习难度。)”可知，ESL News Stories的目的是为英语学习者和教师提供有趣的故事，并且降低了英语学习难度。故选A。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章“For teachers”部分中的“Have students predict the article's content from the headline. (让学生根据标题预测文章内容。)”可知，教师可以让学生根据标题预测文章内容，这体现了教师可以引导学生进行预测。故选A。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Each article is followed by links to a printable text. (每篇文章之后都有可打印文本的链接。)”以及最后一段“Finally, if you are looking for general discussion questions or questions that target specific language, please visit Print Discuss. (最后，如果您在寻找一般性的讨论问题或针对特定语言点的问题，请访问“打印与讨论”网站。)”可知，这篇文章有链接、有可访问的网站等特征，有一定的网络平台属性，可能是一个网站。故选B。 B This is the third year in a row I’ve done this. We’re starting to become famous. I’m pretty sure I heard a boy cry out excitedly: “We have to go here. This is the best house in the neighborhood!” I loved seeing and hearing the kids’ reactions. I don’t think I’ll ever get tired of that. Many mistakenly called them king-size bars (糖果棒). I guess compared to the mini ones they look pretty big. There’s nothing better than seeing a kid’s eyes bug out when you give them a full-size Snickers or M& Ms. We had well over 200 trick or treaters this year and I still had to give some kids the backup (备用的) candy. I’ll make sure to be prepared next year for at least 250. I’ve decided to leave work an hour early next year, to have more time for taking my own kids trick or treating and to get back home in time to catch more of the younger trick or treaters. I can’t believe it’s been a whole year. Last year, Halloween came just a few weeks after my world fell apart and I was just trying to take it one day at a time. I’ve been gradually making effort to restore my life bit by bit. My life is still not great but it’s a lot better than where I was and getting better as time goes on. Giving out full-size bars is honestly one of the best parts of my year. I just love seeing how happy it makes the kids. I also don’t mind the teenagers coming to my house and say: “Treat or trick!”. Frankly speaking I guess that about half of my trick or treaters were more than 13 years old. Childhood is so short. I’m more than OK with letting them try to hold onto it a little longer. 4. Why did the boy cry out excitedly? A. He found good playmates. B. He would get full-sized bars. C. He would settle down there. D. He achieved a good name. 5. Who are the trick or treaters in the passage? A. Trouble-makers. B. Lie-tellers. C. Candy-seekers. D. Gift-givers. 6. Which of the following best describes the author? A. Confident. B. Generous. C. Faithful. D. Curious. 7. What is the best title of the passage? A. Sharing candies, spreading joy. B. Giving treats, gaining knowledge. C. Playing tricks, producing laughter. D. Enlarging sizes, enjoying childhood. 【答案】4. B 5. C 6. B 7. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章讲述了作者通过在万圣节前夜分发糖果来分享快乐，并反思自己生活的故事。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段中“I’m pretty sure I heard a boy cry out excitedly: “We have to go here. This is the best house in the neighborhood! (我很确定我听到一个男孩兴奋地喊：“我们必须去这里。这是附近最好的房子！”）和“There’s nothing better than seeing a kid’s eyes bug out when you give them a full-size Snickers or M&Ms.(当你给孩子们一个全尺寸的士力架或M& Ms巧克力豆时，没有什么比看到他们眼睛发亮更棒的了)”可知，男孩因为可以得到非常大的糖果而激动，故选B。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“We had well over 200 trick or treaters this year and I still had to give some kids the backup (备用的) candy.(今年我们遇到了200多个不请客就捣蛋的小孩，我不得不给一些孩子备用糖果)”可知，“trick or treaters”是寻找糖果的孩子们。故选C。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Giving out full-size bars is honestly one of the best parts of my year. I just love seeing how happy it makes the kids. (分发标准大小的糖果棒坦率地说是我这一年中最好的一部分。我只是喜欢看到它是如何让孩子们快乐的)”可推知，作者很大方，因而给孩子们发大糖果条看到孩子们开心。故选B。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。纵观全文，尤其是文章最后一段“Giving out full-size bars is honestly one of the best parts of my year. (分发标准大小的糖果棒真的是我这一年里最好的部分)”可知，作者通过分发糖果分享快乐。可推知结论A项“分享糖果，传播快乐”是文章整体最合适的标题。故选A。 C While huge progress has been made in cyber (网络)security, one weakness continues to overshadow all others: human error. Research has continually shown human error is responsible for most of successful cyber attacks. A recent report puts the number at 68%. No matter how advanced our technological protection become, the human factor is likely to remain the weakest link in the cyber security chain. This weakness affects everyone using digital devices. Yet, traditional cyber education and awareness programs and even new laws fail to address it enough. There are two types of human error in cyber security. The first is skill-based errors. These appear when people are doing routine things, especially when their attention is taken away. For example, you might forget to copy desktop data from your computer even if you know you should do it and know how to do it (because you have done it before). The second type is knowledge-based errors. These happen when someone with less experience makes cyber security mistakes because they lack important knowledge or don’t follow specific rules. Organizations and governments have put a lot of time and effort in cyber security education programs to address human error. However, these programs have had mixed results. This is partly because many programs take a technology-centric, one-size-fits-all method. They often focus on specific technical aspects. Yet, they don’t address the possible psychological (心理的)and behavioral problems that influence people’s actions. The reality is that changing human behaviour is far more complex (复杂的) than simply providing information or requiring certain practices. A greater emphasis is needed on human-centered approaches to cyber security where people’s needs, motivations, behaviors, and abilities come first in determining the design, and operation, of information technology systems. If we can better understand what’s behind human error, we can design more effective training programs and security practices that work with, rather than against human nature. 8. What do we know from paragraph 2? A. New laws are powerful enough. B. Technological defence is useless. C. Digital devices are difficult to use. D. Human error is hard to deal with. 9. What might cause skill-based errors? A. Being short of knowledge. B. Lacking valuable experience. C. Failing to follow specific rules. D. Being attracted by other things. 10. Why do cyber security education programs have mixed results? A. They ignore psychological factors. B. They focus on all aspects of cyber. C. They adopt a personalized method. D. They take too much time and effort. 11. What’s the author’s attitude to human-centered approaches? A. Doubtful. B. Supportive. C. Critical. D. Objective. 【答案】8. D 9. D 10. A 11. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲了网络安全的人为错误因素，并提出以人为本的方法。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“No matter how advanced our technological protection become, the human factor is likely to remain the weakest link in the cyber security chain.This weakness affects everyone using digital devices.(无论我们的技术防护多么先进，人的因素很可能仍然是网络安全链条上最薄弱的一环。这个弱点影响到每个使用数字设备的人)”可知无论我们的技术防护多么先进，人的因素很可能仍然是网络安全链条上最薄弱的一环，而这个弱点会影响到每个使用数字设备的人，由此可推知人为错误很难处理，故选D项。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“The first is skill-based errors. These appear when people are doing routine things, especially when their attention is taken away. (首先是基于技能的错误。当人们在做日常事务时，尤其是当他们的注意力被转移时，就会出现这种情况)”可知当人们的注意力被转移时就会出现技能性的错误，故选D项。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第四段“This is partly because many programs take a technology-centric, one-size-fits-all method. They often focus on specific technical aspects. Yet, they don’t address the possible psychological (心理的)and behavioral problems that influence people’s actions.(这在一定程度上是因为许多程序采用以技术为中心、一刀切的方法。他们通常专注于特定的技术方面。然而，他们没有解决可能影响人们行为的心理和行为问题)”可知网络安全教育项目的结果喜忧参半的原因是因为他们忽视了心理因素，故选A项。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“If we can better understand what’s behind human error, we can design more effective training programs and security practices that work with, rather than against human nature.(如果我们能更好地理解人为错误背后的原因，我们就能设计出更有效的培训计划和安全措施，与人性合作，而不是违背人性)”可知作者认为我们应该与人性合作而不是违背人性，由此可见作者对于以人为本的方法是支持的，故选B项。 D The late Charlie Munger was endlessly quoted as saying, “If you have a foolish incentive (激励) system, you get foolish outcomes.” A couple of recent studies underline the risk that incentives will have unintended results. One, from Jakob Altifian and Dirk Sliwka of the University of Cologne and Timo Vogelsang of the Frankfurt School of Finance and Management, tested the effect of paying an attendance bonus (奖金) on levels of absence. They did so by dividing workers at a German retailer into two groups and offered a financial reward or some extra holidays for a perfect attendance record. However the bonus actually had the opposite effect: It actually increased rates of absence by 50% on average. It seems that rewarding people for doing things that they would do anyway can easily backfire. To work out what was going on the researchers surveyed workers after the experiment had ended. They found that the introduction of a bonus changed workers’ view on what counted as acceptable behaviour. The message that attendance can get a reward made people feel less required to work and less guilty if they take sick leaves. A second study, by Luan Yingyue and Kim Yeun Joon of the Cambridge Judge Business School, tested the effects of making cooperativeness linked to money. Surveys on affected workers found that although there were more frequent examples of helpful behaviour, the inner drive to be cooperative was on the decrease and the quality of help that people actually gave each other went down. The two studies prove the wisdom of Munger's saying. As Stephan Meier, an academic at Columbia Business School, argues persuasively in “The Employee Advantage”, a new book, people are driven by many more things than money. So incentives should be applied — with great care. 12. Why is Charlie Munger’s words mentioned in paragraph 1? A. To raise questions. B. To create a real situation. C. To lead to the topic. D. To set out the background. 13. What does the underlined word “backfire” mean in paragraph2? A. Pay off at last. B. Come into effect. C. Put out the fire. D. Have the opposite result. 14. What did the second study find? A. Workers got more rewards. B. The quality of help dropped. C. Helpful behavior disappeared. D. Inner drive increased rapidly. 15. What’s the main idea of the passage? A. Unexpected results of nice bonus. B. Different types of foolish incentives. C. Unintended effects of poor incentives. D. Careful application of handsome bonus. 【答案】12. C 13. D 14. B 15. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲的是不良激励措施的意外影响及其原因。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“The late Charlie Munger was endlessly quoted as saying, “If you have a foolish incentive (激励) system, you get foolish outcomes.” A couple of recent studies underline the risk that incentives will have unintended results.(已故的Charlie Munger说过的一句话被人们不断引用：“如果你有一个愚蠢的激励机制，你就会得到愚蠢的结果。”最近的几项研究强调了激励措施可能产生意想不到的结果的风险。)”可知，第一段提到Charlie Munger的话是为了引入激励可能会产生意想不到的不良后果这个话题。故选C项。 【13题详解】 词句猜测题。根据文章第二段“However the bonus actually had the opposite effect: It actually increased rates of absence by 50% on average. It seems that rewarding people for doing things that they would do anyway can easily…(然而，奖金实际上产生了相反的效果：它实际上使缺勤率平均增加了50%。似乎奖励人们做他们无论如何都会做的事情很容易……)”可知，奖金并没有起到预想的积极作用，相反它让缺勤率增加了50%，由此可知奖励人们做他们无论如何都会做的事情很容易适得其反，所以划线词的意思是：得到相反的结果。故选D项。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“Surveys on affected workers found that although there were more frequent examples of helpful behaviour, the inner drive to be cooperative was on the decrease and the quality of help that people actually gave each other went down.(对受影响的员工进行的调查发现，尽管乐于助人的例子越来越多，但合作的内在动力正在减弱，人们实际给予彼此帮助的质量也在下降。)”可知，第二个研究发现人们实际给予彼此帮助的质量下降了。故选B项。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。文章第一段“A couple of recent studies underline the risk that incentives will have unintended results.(最近的几项研究强调了激励措施可能产生意想不到的结果的风险。)”提出话题——激励措施可能产生意想不到的不良结果，文章第二段讲的是第一项研究及发现，第三讲述第一项发现的原因，第四段讲的是第二项研究及发现，最后一段对全文进行总结，指出激励措施的应用应该非常谨慎。纵观全文，文章主要在围绕着不良激励措施所产生的不良后果这个话题来展开，所以C项Unintended effects of poor incentives.(不良激励的意外影响。)作为文章题目最合适，故选C项。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 How To Survive High School Feeling anxious about high school is totally normal! Most students wonder how they can survive the difficult academic stress. So check out our list of suggestions. ___16___ . Familiarize yourself with your schedule Nothing’s worse than racing around the hallways trying to find your class before the bell rings. ___17___ . So you know exactly which classes to go to and when. Your school may give you a map or might let you find your classrooms as part of orientation (迎新活动). Make a point of getting to class on time and focusing Don’t skip class! You can get in serious trouble for leaving your school and you’ll miss out on class, which can make it hard to catch up. ___18___ . But do get notes from a friend so you don’t lose out on the material. ___19___ Choose a place where it’s easy for you to focus and give yourself dedicated time to do homework or study. This way you’re not hurrying to finish assignments before class starts. To make schoolwork fun, find a study partner. Ask a friend but make it clear that you’re not just hanging out — you’ve got to read, work on assignments, or quiz each other over the material. Turn in your work on time It’s easy to fall behind in class if you miss a few assignments, so get organized! Instead of putting off your studies, complete all the assignments for your class and do this for each course you’re taking. ___20___ . Moreover, your will feel more confident in your study. In the long run, these practices mentioned above will lay a solid foundation for your future academic success. A. Explore things that you are interested in B. Find study methods that you can stick to C. Get to class before the class bell rings and pay attention D. These tips can help you get excited and in the right mindset E. This is one of the best habits to develop to keep your grades up F. To start high school with a cool attitude, locate your class schedule G. We’ve all had days when something unexpected kept us out of school 【答案】16. D 17. F 18. G 19. B 20. E 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要就更好地度过高中生活提出了一些建议。 【16题详解】 根据上文“Feeling anxious about high school is totally normal! Most students wonder how they can survive the difficult academic stress. So check out our list of suggestions.(对高中生活感到焦虑是完全正常的！大多数学生都想知道他们如何才能度过沉重的学业压力。所以看看我们的建议吧)”可知，上文提到了针对高中生活提出的建议，本句承接上文，解释这些建议的作用。D选项These tips对应上文suggestions。故D选项“这些建议可以帮助你变得兴奋并保持正确的心态”符合语境，故选D。 【17题详解】 根据上文“Nothing’s worse than racing around the hallways trying to find your class before the bell rings.(没有什么比在上课铃响之前在走廊里跑来跑去找你的班级更糟糕的了)”以及后文“So you know exactly which classes to go to and when.(这样你就知道什么时候去上什么课了)”可知，上文提到找班级很糟糕，推测本句是在说明要先了解自己的课程安排，避免手忙脚乱。故F选项“要想以冷静的态度开始高中生活，找到你的课程表”符合语境，故选F。 【18题详解】 根据上文“Don’t skip class! You can get in serious trouble for leaving your school and you’ll miss out on class, which can make it hard to catch up.(不要逃课！离开学校会给你带来严重的麻烦，你会错过一些课程，这会让你很难赶上)”以及后文“But do get notes from a friend so you don’t lose out on the material.(但是一定要找朋友做笔记，这样你就不会错过材料了)”可知，本段主要是关于错过课程的建议，后文提到了找朋友借笔记，推测本句是在说明不得不缺课的情况。故G选项“我们都有过因为一些意想不到的事情而不能上学的日子”符合语境，故选G。 【19题详解】 根据本段内容“Choose a place where it’s easy for you to focus and give yourself dedicated time to do homework or study. This way you’re not hurrying to finish assignments before class starts. To make schoolwork fun, find a study partner. Ask a friend but make it clear that you’re not just hanging out — you’ve got to read, work on assignments, or quiz each other over the material.(选择一个容易让你集中注意力的地方，给自己专门的时间做作业或学习。这样你就不用在上课前赶着完成作业了。为了让作业变得有趣，找一个学习伙伴。问一个朋友，但要明确你们不是在闲逛——你们要一起阅读，做作业，或者互相测试材料)”可知，本段的主旨是寻找到适合自己的学习方法，然后坚持下去，故B选项“找到你能坚持的学习方法”符合语境，故选B。 【20题详解】 根据上文“It’s easy to fall behind in class if you miss a few assignments, so get organized! Instead of putting off your studies, complete all the assignments for your class and do this for each course you’re taking.(如果你错过了一些作业，你很容易在课堂上落后，所以要有条理！不要推迟你的学习，完成所有的课堂作业，每门课都要这样做)”以及后文“Moreover, your will feel more confident in your study.(此外，你会对你的学习更有信心)”可知，上文指出有条理、完成每门课的课堂作业，即培养好的学习习惯，本句与后文都是针对这一习惯的好处加以说明。故E选项“这是保持你的成绩最好的习惯之一”符合语境，故选E。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文 ，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Record heat and very little rain has left us with drought conditions across the entire state. It has been ___21___ hard for the forest animals, not only in finding water but also in finding something to ___22___ . That is why my daughter with her sweet soul has started putting out a lot of ___23___ cat food each day. Each morning she fills up the plates and her two regular stray cats (流浪猫) ___24___ . After they have ___25___ their stomachs and gone off to get a morning sleep in the ___26___ of a tree, then come other stray animals. Never is the leftover cat food going to ___27___ . One morning I saw a small cardinal (北美红雀) that had built a nest in the tree next to my daughter’s home fly down and do a perfect ___28___ near the plates. The little creature just took a piece in its ___29___ , and flew back to the nest to ___30___ its babies. As I sat and watched all of this from my kitchen window I couldn't help but ___31___ with joy. I also wondered how far the good we do ___32___ in this world. My daughter just started out feeding one stray cat that was hanging out her home but now has become a life ___33___ helping to keep so many animals ___34___ . Seeing what she did inspired me to write this and this may further inspire readers to ___35___ their own act of kindness. 21. A. especially B. regularly C. rarely D. officially 22. A. play B. drink C. explore D. eat 23. A. equal B. familiar C. extra D. local 24. A. come up B. take up C. pick up D. put up 25. A. touched B. filled C. greeted D. ensured 26. A. heat B. shade C. light D. leaf 27. A. waste B. charge C. approach D. treat 28. A. building B. flying C. landing D. learning 29. A. hand B. mouth C. stomach D. foot 30 A. accompany B. comfort C. tend D. feed 31. A. smile B. identify C. inspire D. account 32. A. advances B. behaves C. comes D. travels 33. A. owner B. designer C. saver D. partner 34. A. safe B. attractive C. perfect D. alive 35. A. follow B. spread C. honor D. appreciate 【答案】21. A 22. D 23. C 24. A 25. B 26. B 27. A 28. C 29. B 30. D 31. A 32. D 33. C 34. D 35. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲的是干旱让森林动物在寻找水和食物方面都遇到了极大的困难，作者的女儿每天开始放置大量的猫粮来帮助流浪猫和其他动物，小小的善行逐渐成为一种救助生命的行为，作者非常感动，于是将这一切记录下来并鼓励读者也传播自己的善举。 【21题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：对于森林里的动物来说，不仅在寻找水，而且在寻找食物方面都特别困难。A. especially尤其；专门；B. regularly有规律地；定期地；C. rarely罕有；很少；D. officially官方地；正式地。根据上文“Record heat and very little rain has left us with drought conditions across the entire state.”以及空后“hard for the forest animals, not only in finding water but also in finding something to ___2___ .”可知创纪录的高温和极少的降雨使整个州都处于干旱状态，对与森林的动物来说尤其困难，故选A项。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：对于森林里的动物来说，不仅在寻找水，而且在寻找食物方面都特别困难。A. play玩耍；参加；扮演；B. drink饮酒；吸收；C. explore探索；考察；探究；D. eat吃；吃饭；侵蚀。根据空前“not only in finding water but also in finding something to”以及空后的“cat food each day.”可知动物们在寻找水和吃的东西方面都特别困难，故选D项。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这就是为什么我那拥有美丽灵魂的女儿开始每天多放很多猫粮的原因。A. equal平等的；胜任的；B. familiar熟悉的；C. extra额外的；D. local当地的。根据后文“Each morning she fills up the plates and her two regular stray cats (流浪猫)”以及后文“ After they have ___5____ their stomachs and gone off to get a morning sleep in the ____6____ of a tree, then come other stray animals. Never is the leftover cat food going to ____7____ ”可知为了喂养流浪猫和其他的小动物，女儿每天都会多放很多猫粮，故选C项。 【24题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：每天早上，她把盘子装满，她的两只流浪猫就会出现。A. come up接近；发生；出现；B. take up占用；开始从事；C. pick up捡起；学会；接人；D. put up放置；建造；搭建。根据空后“After they have ___5___ their stomachs and gone off to get a morning sleep in the ___6___ of a tree,”可知女儿将盘子装满食物后流浪猫就会出来吃，故选A项。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当它们填饱了肚子，在树荫下睡了一觉之后，其他的流浪动物就来了。A. touched触摸；感动；B. filled填满；充满；弥漫；C. greeted迎接；问候；D. ensured确保；保证。根据空后“their stomachs”可知此处指的是两只流浪猫将它们的肚子填饱，fill one’s stomach意为“填饱肚子”，故选B项。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他们填饱了肚子，在树荫下睡了一觉之后，其他的流浪动物就来了。A. heat热量；炎热；高温；B. shade阴凉处；背阴处；C. light灯光；D. leaf树叶。根据空前“get a morning sleep in the”以及空后“of a tree”可指此处指的是流浪猫在树荫下睡觉，故选B项。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：吃剩的猫粮绝不浪费。A. waste浪费；滥用；B. charge充电；控告；责备；C. approach接近；靠近；交谈；对付；D. treat对待；看待；治疗；请客。根据空前 “then come other stray animals. Never is the leftover cat food going to”可知流浪猫吃剩的食物会被其他的流浪动物吃光，所以不会浪费掉，故选A项。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天早上，我看到一只在我女儿家旁边的树上筑巢的北美红雀飞下来，完美地降落在盘子旁边。A. building建造；发展；建立；B. flying飞翔；飞行；C. landing着陆；降落；D. learning学会；获悉。根据空前“One morning I saw a small cardinal (北美红雀)that had built a nest in the tree next to my daughter’s home fly down and do a perfect”以及空后“near the plates. The little creature just took a piece in its ___9___”可知这只北美红雀降落在了盘子旁边，故选C项。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这只小动物叼了一块在嘴里，然后飞回巢去喂它的孩子。A. hand手；指针；B. mouth嘴；C. stomach胃；腹部；D. foot脚。根据空前 “The little creature just took a piece in its”以及空后“and flew back to the nest to ___10___ its babies.”及常识可知这只北美红雀会将食物叼在嘴里，然后飞回去喂它的孩子，故选B项。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这只小动物叼了一块在嘴里，然后飞回巢去喂它的孩子。A. accompany陪伴；陪同；B. comfort安慰；C. tend倾向于；护理；D. feed喂养。根据空后“its babies”可知这只北美红雀将食物叼在嘴里然后回去喂它的孩子，故选D项。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我坐在厨房的窗户外看着这一切时，我忍不住高兴地笑了。A. smile微笑；赞许；B. identify认出；识别；查明；C. inspire鼓励；激励；D. account认为；解释；说明。根据空后的“with joy”可知当我看着这一切时，我忍不住高兴地笑了，故选A项。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我也想知道我们所做的好事在这个世界上能传播多远。A. advances进步；进展；B. behaves行为；表现；举止得体；C. comes来自；D. travels传播；旅行。根据空前“I also wondered how far the good we do”以及“in this world. My daughter just started out feeding one stray cat that was hanging out her home but now has become a life ___13___ helping to keep so many animals ___14___ .”以及后文“inspire readers to___15___ their own act of kindness.”可知女儿的善行让作者联想到我们自己做的好事能传播多远，故选D项。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我女儿刚开始喂一只在她家闲逛的流浪猫，但现在已经成为一个拯救生命的人，帮助许多动物活了下来。A. owner所有者；物主；B. designer设计者；谋划者；C. saver拯救者；D. partner搭档；同伴。根据后文“helping to keep so many animals ___14___ .”可知女儿的善行帮助许多动物活了下来，所以说女儿成为了一个拯救生命的人，故选C项。 【34题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我女儿刚开始喂一只在她家闲逛的流浪猫，但现在已经成为一个拯救生命的人，帮助许多动物活了下来。A. safe安全的；B. attractive吸引人的；C. perfect完美的；D. alive活着的；充满活力的。根据空前“My daughter just started out feeding one stray cat that was hanging out her home but now has become a life ___13___ helping to keep so many animals”可知女儿成为了一个拯救生命的人，让很多小动物活了下来，故选D项。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：看到她所做的一切激励我写下这篇文章，这可能会进一步激励读者传播他们自己的善良行为。A. follow跟着；跟随；B. spread传播；蔓延；C. honor尊敬；D. appreciate欣赏；理解；感激。根据上文“I also wondered how far the good we do ___12___ in this world.”以及空前“this may further inspire readers to”以及空后 “their own act of kindness.”可知作者希望女儿的行为会激励读者传播他们自己的善良行为，故选B项。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Shanghai Exhibition Unite Chinese and French Artists In November a dialogue between artists from China and France ____36____ (present) in an exhibition at Zhang Yuan in downtown Shanghai. The exhibition, ____37____ (hold) from Nov 4 to 10, brought together artists working for 17 French luxury houses and Chinese master craftsmen and women, to ____38____ (impressive) show their unique expertise side by side on the same working table. As ____39____ event for the China-France Year of Culture and Tourism, the exhibition, has been organized by the Comité Colbert from France, a 70-year-old association of 95 French luxury houses. This year, The exhibition was directed by Chinese artist Jiang Qiong’er, ____40____ believed that the exchange and sharing of outstanding craftsmanship is a great way ____41____ (bridge) Chinese and French cultures. From embroidery (刺绣) ____42____ mother-of-pearl inlay (镶嵌), the Chinese artists are each paired with a French artist, who works with jewelry and watch making, hand-crafted music ____43____ (instrument), shoe design and so on. Like a game between hands and crafts, the exhibition marks a beautiful meeting point for French luxury and Chinese craftsmanship, ____44____ (start) dialogues with a wide diversity of themes, such as the pursuit for perfection, and harmony, shared by the two cultures, Jiang said at the ____45____ (open) on Nov 4. 【答案】36. was presented 37. held 38. impressively 39. an 40. who 41. to bridge 42. to 43. instruments 44. starting 45. opening 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道，文章主要介绍的是11月份在上海举办的中国和法国艺术家联展的情况。 【36题详解】 考查动词时态和语态，句意：去年11月，中法两国艺术家的对话在上海市中心的张园举行。空处应填谓语动词，由时间状语In November 可知动作发生在过去且主语a dialogue 与present之间为被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was presented。 【37题详解】 考查过去分词。句意：此次展览于11月4日至10日举行，来自17家法国奢侈品公司艺术家和来自中国的大师级工匠齐聚一堂，在同一张工作台上并肩展示他们独特的专业技能。空处应填非谓语动词，主语The exhibition与hold之间为被动关系，应用过去分词表示被动，作后置定语。故填held。 【38题详解】 考查副词。句意：此次展览于11月4日至10日举行，来自17家法国奢侈品公司的艺术家和来自中国的大师级工匠齐聚一堂，在同一张工作台上并肩展示他们独特的专业技能。由句意此处应填副词形式impressively，作状语，修饰动词show。故填impressively。 【39题详解】 考查冠词。句意：作为中法文化旅游年的一项活动，该展览由法国科尔伯特委员会组织，该委员会有70年的历史，由95家法国奢侈品公司组成。由句意可知此处表示“一项活动”，应用不定冠词，名词event首字母为元音，应用不定冠词an。故填an。 【40题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：今年的展览由中国艺术家蒋琼耳执导，她认为交流和分享优秀的工艺是架起中法文化桥梁的好方法。此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词为Chinese artist Jiang Qiong’er，从句缺少主语，应用关系代词who。故填who。 【41题详解】 考查不定式。句意：今年的展览由中国艺术家蒋琼耳执导，她认为交流和分享优秀的工艺是架起中法文化桥梁的好方法。由句意此处应填不定式形式，the way to do...“做某事的方式”，不定式后置定语。故填to bridge。 【42题详解】 考查介词。句意：从刺绣到珍珠母镶嵌，每位中国艺术家都与一位法国艺术家配对，后者从事珠宝和钟表制作，以及手工制作的音乐仪器、鞋的设计等等。from...to... “从……到……”，固定搭配。故填to。 【43题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：从刺绣到珍珠母镶嵌，每位中国艺术家都与一位法国艺术家配对，后者从事珠宝和钟表制作，以及手工制作的音乐仪器、鞋的设计等等。instrument为可数名词，其前无冠词，由句意此处应用复数形式，作宾语。故填instruments。 【44题详解】 考查现在分词。句意：蒋在11月4日的开幕式上说，这次展览就像一场手工艺品之间的游戏，标志着法国奢侈品和中国工艺的一个美丽的交汇点，开启了两种文化共同追求完美、和谐等广泛主题的对话。空处应填非谓语动词，the exhibition与start之间为主动关系，应用现在分词表示主动，作状语。故填starting。 【45题详解】 考查形容词。句意：蒋在11月4日的开幕式上说，这次展览就像一场手工艺品之间的游戏，标志着法国奢侈品和中国工艺的一个美丽的交汇点，开启了两种文化共同追求完美、和谐等广泛主题的对话。the opening ceremony“开幕式”，opening“开始的；开端的”，形容词作定语。故填opening。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华。你班计划在周末组织全体师生到脐橙果园开展赣南脐橙采摘体验活动，请你写一封电子邮件邀请外籍英语教师Tony老师一起参加。邮件应包括如下内容： 1. 活动时间和地点； 2. 活动内容； 3. 准备事项。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 3. 提示词：脐橙果园 Navel orange orchard。 Dear Tony, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Tony, On behalf of Class 1, Grade 10, I am thrilled to invite you to join our weekend activity at the Gan Nan Navel Orange Orchard. We will gather at the school gate at 9 am on Saturday and head to the orchard for a hands-on navel orange picking experience. For preparation, you’d better wear comfortable shoes and clothes. It promises to be a delightful event that will not only deepen our understanding of local agriculture but also foster a stronger bond among us. We have received enthusiastic responses from the students, and we believe your participation will make the event even more memorable. Looking forward to your company. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。考生所在班计划在周末组织全体师生到脐橙果园开展赣南脐橙采摘体验活动，要求考生按照要求写一封电子邮件邀请外籍英语教师Tony老师一起参加。 【详解】1.词汇积累 兴奋的：thrilled → excited 集合：gather → assemble 前往：head to → leave for 令人愉快的：delightful → pleasant 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：We will gather at the school gate at 9 am on Saturday and head to the orchard for a hands-on navel orange picking experience. 拓展句：We will gather at the school gate at 9 am on Saturday, after which we will head to the orchard for a hands-on navel orange picking experience. 【点睛】【高分句型1】It promises to be a delightful event that will not only deepen our understanding of local agriculture but also foster a stronger bond among us.（运用了that引导的定语从句） 【高分句型2】We have received enthusiastic responses from the students, and we believe your participation will make the event even more memorable.（believe后运用了省略引导词that的宾语从句） 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 A Heartwarming Encounter At Shenandoah National Park I wanted to share a recent experience that truly touched my heart and reminded me of just how good people can be. When I studied in the University of Virginia as an exchange student, I was fond of hiking, a sport that doesn’t cost much. It was a glorious day, the sun shining brightly as I took an adventure to Shenandoah National Park with my fellow classmates. The air was filled with a sense of excitement and expectation. We pulled into the parking lot (停车场) cand found a perfect spot for our car. I threw open the passenger door very hard and it accidentally bumped into the car parked beside us. However, I was so excited about the hike that I didn’t even notice it at all. The beauty of nature surrounded us at every turn, from the majestic (雄伟壮丽的)mountains to the crystal-clear streams. The fresh air filled our lungs as we hiked through the wilderness, forgetting all our worries and troubles. Time seemed to fly by as we explored the wonders of the park. Finally after a long and fulfilling day, we made our way back to the parking lot. As we approached our car, I was confused when I saw a note stuck on our windshield (挡风玻璃). I grabbed the note and it read: “I’m the owner of the car parked next to yours. Here is my phone number. Please call me at your earliest convenience.” It hit me that I had caused trouble. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ To my surprise, the owner was unbelievably understanding and kind. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 It hit me that I had caused trouble. I dialed the number with a sense of trepidation, expecting anger or accusations, but I was met with a calm and gentle voice. The car owner introduced himself as Mr. Smith and expressed gratitude for my honest attempt to contact him. Despite the minor scratch on his car, Mr. Smith reassured me that accidents happen and that he appreciated my willingness to take responsibility. He even shared stories of his own hiking adventures, lightening the mood and showing genuine interest in our trip. To my surprise, the owner was unbelievably understanding and kind. Our conversation left me feeling relieved and inspired by Mr. Smith’s kindness. Before we ended the call, he declined any offer of financial compensation, insisting it was unnecessary. I thanked him profusely and promised to pay his kindness forward. The encounter served as a powerful reminder of the goodness and understanding in people. It taught me the importance of honesty and taking responsibility, but most importantly, it showed me that empathy and compassion can turn a potentially negative experience into a heartwarming one. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，本文讲述了作者在一次徒步旅行中因兴奋而没注意到自己的车门碰到了旁边的车。当作者回到车上，看到挡风玻璃上贴着一张纸条，感到很困惑。作者拿起纸条，上面写着：“我是停在你旁边那辆车的车主。这是我的电话号码。请尽快给我打电话。” 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“我突然意识到我惹了麻烦”可知，第一段可描写了作者带着不安与车主联系的过程，并强调了车主的理解和宽容，成功化解了主人公的焦虑。 ②由第二段首句内容“令我惊讶的是，主人是难以置信的理解和善良”可知，第二段可描写作者总结了这次经历带给主角的感悟，突出了人性的善良和负责态度的重要性, 同时也启发读者在生活中的类似情境中做出诚实和善意的回应。 2.续写线索：打电话——得到车主的谅解——车主拒绝赔偿——作者感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①期望：expect /anticipate ②表达：express/convey ③发生：happen /take place ④展示：show/showcase 情绪类 ①感激：gratitude /appreciation ②消极的：negative/passive 【点睛】[高分句型1] Despite the minor scratch on his car, Mr. Smith reassured me that accidents happen and that he appreciated my willingness to take responsibility. (运用了that引导的宾语从句) [高分句型2] Before we ended the call, he declined any offer of financial compensation, insisting it was unnecessary. (运用了before引导时间状语从句) 1-5 CBBAA 6-10 CCABB 11-15 ACBAB 16-20 CCBBA 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 赣州市2024-2025学年度第一学期期末考试 高一英语试卷 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What is Bruce doing? A. Working with Jason. B. Looking for a new job. C. Selling things in a market. 2. Why did the man go to China? A. To visit a friend. B. To do business. C. To attend a party. 3. Where does the conversation take place? A. At a shoe store. B. At a clothes store. C. At a book store. 4. What are the speakers afraid of? A. Unemployment. B. Loneliness. C. Pay cuts. 5. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. A handmade hat. B. A birthday party. C. Jonathan's new job. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7题。 6. What is Dean doing? A. Lying in bed. B. Preparing for a trip. C. Playing computer games. 7. When will Dean get up tomorrow morning? A. At 8: 30. B. At 7: 45. C. At 6: 15. 听下面一段对话，回答第8至第10题。 8. What did the man do just now? A. He exercised indoors. B. He studied in his room. C. He took a walk. 9. What will the man do first? A. Order some food. B. Read the menu. C. Go out for dinner. 10. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Friends. B. Husband and wife. C. Waitress and customer. 听下面一段对话，回答第11至第13题。 11. What is most probably the woman? A. A secretary. B. A saleswoman. C. A manager. 12. Why does the man want to speak to Mark Brown? A To inform him of the new office. B. To ask some personal problems. C. To discuss a new order. 13. What is the man's new number? A. 86392747 B. 86392774. C. 83697247. 听下面一段对话，回答第14至第17题。 14. Why is Angela Zhang in the news? A. She won a contest. B. She gave away $100, 000. C. She reads 300 books a year. 15. How old is Nithin Tumma? A. 13. B. 18. C. 19. 16. Where is Neveah Mosher from? A. California. B. Michigan. C. New York. 17. What does the man advise the woman to do? A. To do some research. B. To try to make some news. C. To spend more time in reading. 听下面一段独白，回答第18至第20题。 18. How often is the Noetic Learning Math Contest held? A. Once a year. B. Twice a year. C. Once every two years. 19. What are students required to do during the contest? A. Solve 45 problems in an hour. B. Solve 20 problems in 45 minutes. C. Solve 10 problems in half an hour. 20. What will the highest scorer of each team receive? A. A “Team Winner” medal. B. A “Team Achievement Plaque”. C. A “National Honor Roll” medal. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A ABOUT ESL NEWS STORIES ESL News Stories is for English learners and their teachers. We take interesting stories from around the world and reproduce them here in our own words and with fewer English language challenges. Each article is followed by links to a printable text. It includes warm-up questions, the article, and activities to help with understanding and to encourage discussion. For students There are several ways this material can be used. Determined students may use the lessons themselves by focusing on the reading, vocabulary, and understanding activities. Students may also use the material in groups with a discussion focus. For teachers One of these articles should easily provide enough material for a fifty-minute class, especially if enough time is taken at each stage. Some or all of the following would fill a lesson: ● Have students predict the article's content from the headline. ● Use pictures in the article to understand vocabulary and the topic. ● Make sure students have some form of warm-up discussion, preferably in pairs. ● Encourage students to have natural conversations while discussing. Finally, if you are looking for general discussion questions or questions that target specific language, please visit Print Discuss. 1. What is the purpose of ESL News Stories? A. To offer interesting English stories. B. To produce articles about current events. C. To provide challenging stories for natives. D. To create original English language articles. 2. What can teachers do with the articles? A. Guide students to make a prediction. B. Encourage students to admire pictures. C. Teach students to correct pronunciation. D. Help students to practice writing skills. 3. What is ESL News Stories? A. A magazine. B. A website. C. A book. D. A video. B This is the third year in a row I’ve done this. We’re starting to become famous. I’m pretty sure I heard a boy cry out excitedly: “We have to go here. This is the best house in the neighborhood!” I loved seeing and hearing the kids’ reactions. I don’t think I’ll ever get tired of that. Many mistakenly called them king-size bars (糖果棒). I guess compared to the mini ones they look pretty big. There’s nothing better than seeing a kid’s eyes bug out when you give them a full-size Snickers or M& Ms. We had well over 200 trick or treaters this year and I still had to give some kids the backup (备用的) candy. I’ll make sure to be prepared next year for at least 250. I’ve decided to leave work an hour early next year, to have more time for taking my own kids trick or treating and to get back home in time to catch more of the younger trick or treaters. I can’t believe it’s been a whole year. Last year, Halloween came just a few weeks after my world fell apart and I was just trying to take it one day at a time. I’ve been gradually making effort to restore my life bit by bit. My life is still not great but it’s a lot better than where I was and getting better as time goes on. Giving out full-size bars is honestly one of the best parts of my year. I just love seeing how happy it makes the kids. I also don’t mind the teenagers coming to my house and say: “Treat or trick!”. Frankly speaking I guess that about half of my trick or treaters were more than 13 years old. Childhood is so short. I’m more than OK with letting them try to hold onto it a little longer. 4. Why did the boy cry out excitedly? A. He found good playmates. B. He would get full-sized bars. C. He would settle down there. D. He achieved a good name. 5. Who are the trick or treaters in the passage? A. Trouble-makers. B. Lie-tellers. C. Candy-seekers. D. Gift-givers. 6. Which of the following best describes the author? A. Confident. B. Generous. C. Faithful. D. Curious. 7. What is the best title of the passage? A. Sharing candies, spreading joy. B. Giving treats, gaining knowledge. C. Playing tricks, producing laughter. D. Enlarging sizes, enjoying childhood. C While huge progress has been made in cyber (网络)security one weakness continues to overshadow all others: human error. Research has continually shown human error is responsible for most of successful cyber attacks. A recent report puts the number at 68%. No matter how advanced our technological protection become, the human factor is likely to remain the weakest link in the cyber security chain. This weakness affects everyone using digital devices. Yet, traditional cyber education and awareness programs and even new laws fail to address it enough. There are two types of human error in cyber security. The first is skill-based errors. These appear when people are doing routine things, especially when their attention is taken away. For example, you might forget to copy desktop data from your computer even if you know you should do it and know how to do it (because you have done it before). The second type is knowledge-based errors. These happen when someone with less experience makes cyber security mistakes because they lack important knowledge or don’t follow specific rules. Organizations and governments have put a lot of time and effort in cyber security education programs to address human error. However, these programs have had mixed results. This is partly because many programs take a technology-centric, one-size-fits-all method. They often focus on specific technical aspects. Yet, they don’t address the possible psychological (心理的)and behavioral problems that influence people’s actions. The reality is that changing human behaviour is far more complex (复杂的) than simply providing information or requiring certain practices. A greater emphasis is needed on human-centered approaches to cyber security where people’s needs, motivations, behaviors, and abilities come first in determining the design, and operation, of information technology systems. If we can better understand what’s behind human error, we can design more effective training programs and security practices that work with, rather than against human nature. 8. What do we know from paragraph 2? A. New laws are powerful enough. B. Technological defence is useless. C. Digital devices are difficult to use. D. Human error is hard to deal with. 9. What might cause skill-based errors? A Being short of knowledge. B. Lacking valuable experience. C. Failing to follow specific rules. D. Being attracted by other things. 10. Why do cyber security education programs have mixed results? A. They ignore psychological factors. B. They focus on all aspects of cyber. C. They adopt a personalized method. D. They take too much time and effort. 11. What’s the author’s attitude to human-centered approaches? A. Doubtful. B. Supportive. C. Critical. D. Objective. D The late Charlie Munger was endlessly quoted as saying, “If you have a foolish incentive (激励) system, you get foolish outcomes.” A couple of recent studies underline the risk that incentives will have unintended results. One, from Jakob Altifian and Dirk Sliwka of the University of Cologne and Timo Vogelsang of the Frankfurt School of Finance and Management, tested the effect of paying an attendance bonus (奖金) on levels of absence. They did so by dividing workers at a German retailer into two groups and offered a financial reward or some extra holidays for a perfect attendance record. However the bonus actually had the opposite effect: It actually increased rates of absence by 50% on average. It seems that rewarding people for doing things that they would do anyway can easily backfire. To work out what was going on the researchers surveyed workers after the experiment had ended. They found that the introduction of a bonus changed workers’ view on what counted as acceptable behaviour. The message that attendance can get a reward made people feel less required to work and less guilty if they take sick leaves. A second study, by Luan Yingyue and Kim Yeun Joon of the Cambridge Judge Business School, tested the effects of making cooperativeness linked to money. Surveys on affected workers found that although there were more frequent examples of helpful behaviour, the inner drive to be cooperative was on the decrease and the quality of help that people actually gave each other went down. The two studies prove the wisdom of Munger's saying. As Stephan Meier, an academic at Columbia Business School, argues persuasively in “The Employee Advantage”, a new book, people are driven by many more things than money. So incentives should be applied — with great care. 12. Why is Charlie Munger’s words mentioned in paragraph 1? A. To raise questions. B. To create a real situation. C. To lead to the topic. D. To set out the background. 13. What does the underlined word “backfire” mean in paragraph2? A. Pay off at last. B. Come into effect. C. Put out the fire. D. Have the opposite result. 14. What did the second study find? A. Workers got more rewards. B. The quality of help dropped. C. Helpful behavior disappeared. D. Inner drive increased rapidly. 15. What’s the main idea of the passage? A. Unexpected results of nice bonus. B. Different types of foolish incentives. C. Unintended effects of poor incentives. D. Careful application of handsome bonus. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 How To Survive High School Feeling anxious about high school is totally normal! Most students wonder how they can survive the difficult academic stress. So check out our list of suggestions. ___16___ . Familiarize yourself with your schedule Nothing’s worse than racing around the hallways trying to find your class before the bell rings. ___17___ . So you know exactly which classes to go to and when. Your school may give you a map or might let you find your classrooms as part of orientation (迎新活动). Make a point of getting to class on time and focusing Don’t skip class! You can get in serious trouble for leaving your school and you’ll miss out on class, which can make it hard to catch up. ___18___ . But do get notes from a friend so you don’t lose out on the material. ___19___ Choose a place where it’s easy for you to focus and give yourself dedicated time to do homework or study. This way you’re not hurrying to finish assignments before class starts. To make schoolwork fun, find a study partner. Ask a friend but make it clear that you’re not just hanging out — you’ve got to read, work on assignments, or quiz each other over the material. Turn in your work on time It’s easy to fall behind in class if you miss a few assignments, so get organized! Instead of putting off your studies, complete all the assignments for your class and do this for each course you’re taking. ___20___ . Moreover, your will feel more confident in your study. In the long run, these practices mentioned above will lay a solid foundation for your future academic success. A. Explore things that you are interested in B. Find study methods that you can stick to C. Get to class before the class bell rings and pay attention D These tips can help you get excited and in the right mindset E. This is one of the best habits to develop to keep your grades up F. To start high school with a cool attitude, locate your class schedule G. We’ve all had days when something unexpected kept us out of school 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文 ，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Record heat and very little rain has left us with drought conditions across the entire state. It has been ___21___ hard for the forest animals, not only in finding water but also in finding something to ___22___ . That is why my daughter with her sweet soul has started putting out a lot of ___23___ cat food each day. Each morning she fills up the plates and her two regular stray cats (流浪猫) ___24___ . After they have ___25___ their stomachs and gone off to get a morning sleep in the ___26___ of a tree, then come other stray animals. Never is the leftover cat food going to ___27___ . One morning I saw a small cardinal (北美红雀) that had built a nest in the tree next to my daughter’s home fly down and do a perfect ___28___ near the plates. The little creature just took a piece in its ___29___ , and flew back to the nest to ___30___ its babies. As I sat and watched all of this from my kitchen window I couldn't help but ___31___ with joy. I also wondered how far the good we do ___32___ in this world. My daughter just started out feeding one stray cat that was hanging out her home but now has become a life ___33___ helping to keep so many animals ___34___ . Seeing what she did inspired me to write this and this may further inspire readers to ___35___ their own act of kindness. 21. A. especially B. regularly C. rarely D. officially 22. A. play B. drink C. explore D. eat 23. A. equal B. familiar C. extra D. local 24. A. come up B. take up C. pick up D. put up 25. A. touched B. filled C. greeted D. ensured 26. A. heat B. shade C. light D. leaf 27. A. waste B. charge C. approach D. treat 28. A. building B. flying C. landing D. learning 29. A. hand B. mouth C. stomach D. foot 30. A. accompany B. comfort C. tend D. feed 31. A. smile B. identify C. inspire D. account 32. A. advances B. behaves C. comes D. travels 33. A. owner B. designer C. saver D. partner 34. A. safe B. attractive C. perfect D. alive 35. A. follow B. spread C. honor D. appreciate 第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Shanghai Exhibition Unite Chinese and French Artists In November a dialogue between artists from China and France ____36____ (present) in an exhibition at Zhang Yuan in downtown Shanghai. The exhibition, ____37____ (hold) from Nov 4 to 10, brought together artists working for 17 French luxury houses and Chinese master craftsmen and women, to ____38____ (impressive) show their unique expertise side by side on the same working table. As ____39____ event for the China-France Year of Culture and Tourism the exhibition, has been organized by the Comité Colbert from France, a 70-year-old association of 95 French luxury houses. This year, The exhibition was directed by Chinese artist Jiang Qiong’er, ____40____ believed that the exchange and sharing of outstanding craftsmanship is a great way ____41____ (bridge) Chinese and French cultures. From embroidery (刺绣) ____42____ mother-of-pearl inlay (镶嵌), the Chinese artists are each paired with a French artist, who works with jewelry and watch making, hand-crafted music ____43____ (instrument), shoe design and so on. Like a game between hands and crafts, the exhibition marks a beautiful meeting point for French luxury and Chinese craftsmanship, ____44____ (start) dialogues with a wide diversity of themes, such as the pursuit for perfection, and harmony, shared by the two cultures, Jiang said at the ____45____ (open) on Nov 4. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华。你班计划在周末组织全体师生到脐橙果园开展赣南脐橙采摘体验活动，请你写一封电子邮件邀请外籍英语教师Tony老师一起参加。邮件应包括如下内容： 1. 活动时间和地点； 2. 活动内容； 3. 准备事项。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 3. 提示词：脐橙果园 Navel orange orchard。 Dear Tony, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 A Heartwarming Encounter At Shenandoah National Park I wanted to share a recent experience that truly touched my heart and reminded me of just how good people can be. When I studied in the University of Virginia as an exchange student, I was fond of hiking, a sport that doesn’t cost much. It was a glorious day, the sun shining brightly as I took an adventure to Shenandoah National Park with my fellow classmates. The air was filled with a sense of excitement and expectation. We pulled into the parking lot (停车场) cand found a perfect spot for our car. I threw open the passenger door very hard and it accidentally bumped into the car parked beside us. However, I was so excited about the hike that I didn’t even notice it at all. The beauty of nature surrounded us at every turn, from the majestic (雄伟壮丽的)mountains to the crystal-clear streams. The fresh air filled our lungs as we hiked through the wilderness, forgetting all our worries and troubles. Time seemed to fly by as we explored the wonders of the park. Finally, after a long and fulfilling day, we made our way back to the parking lot. As we approached our car, I was confused when I saw a note stuck on our windshield (挡风玻璃). I grabbed the note and it read: “I’m the owner of the car parked next to yours. Here is my phone number. Please call me at your earliest convenience.” It hit me that I had caused trouble. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ To my surprise, the owner was unbelievably understanding and kind. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1-5 CBBAA 6-10 CCABB 11-15 ACBAB 16-20 CCBBA 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$