热点01 人工智能AI（四大题型）-2025年高考英语【热点·重点·难点】专练（北京专用）

热点01 人工智能AI（四大题型） 2024年AI技术迎来多项热门趋势，包括生成式AI的广泛应用、多模态技术的突破以及AI与医疗健康的深度融合等。这些趋势不仅推动了技术创新和行业变革，还带来了对伦理与监管的深入思考。未来，AI技术将更加智能化、综合化，应用场景将进一步拓展，同时，也需要关注其带来的伦理和监管问题，确保AI技术的健康、可持续和负责任发展。 （建议用时：60分钟） 阅读理解 Passage 1 （24-25高三上·北京东城·期末）The age of artificial intelligence has begun, and it brings plenty of anxieties. Almost all of the conversations about risk have to do with the potential consequences of AI systems pursuing goals that depart from what they were programmed to do and that are not in the interests of humans. But this is only one side of the danger. Imagine what could unfold if AI does do what humans want. “What humans want,” of course, isn’t a monolith. Different people have countless ideas of what constitutes “the greater good.” Even if we could get everyone to focus on the well-being of the entire human species, it’s unlikely we’d be able to agree on what that might look like. That seems to be the reason that DeepMind recently founded an internal organization focused on AI safety and preventing its manipulation by bad actors. But it’s not ideal that what’s “bad” is going to be determined by a handful of individuals at this one particular corporation — complete with their blind spots and personal and cultural biases (偏见). The potential problem goes beyond humans harming other humans. What’s “good” for humanity has, many times throughout history, come at the expense of other sentient (有知觉力的) beings. Such is the situation today. In the US alone, we have billions of animals kept in confinement, subjected to cruel treatment, and denial of their basic psychological and physiological needs at any given time. Entire species are dominated and systemically butchered so that we can have omelets, burgers and shoes. If AI does exactly what “we” want it to, that would likely mean enacting this mass cruelty more efficiently, at an even greater scale and with more automation and fewer opportunities for sympathetic humans to step in and flag anything particularly horrifying. A better goal than aligning AI with humanity’ s immediate interests would be what I would call “sentient alignment” — AI acting in accordance with the interests of all sentient beings, including humans, all other animals and, should it exist, sentient AI. This will strike some as aggressive, because what’s good for all sentient life might not always agree with what’s good for humankind. It might sometimes, even often, be in opposition to what humans want or what would be best for the greatest number of us. Peter Singer, a philosopher, argued that an AI system’s ultimate goals and priorities are more important than it being aligned with humans. “The question is really whether this super intelligent AI is going to be benevolent and want to produce a better world,” Singer said, “and even if we don’t control it, it still will produce a better world in which our interests will get taken into account.” I’m with Singer on this. Decentering humankind to any extent, and especially to this extreme, is an idea that will challenge people. But that’s necessary if we’re to prevent our current belief from spreading in new and awful ways. 1．The author mentions the organization founded by DeepMind to __________. A．question a solution B．clarify a belief C．illustrate an example D．explain a practice 2．Which of the following can best present the idea of “sentient alignment”? A．AI extends the same rights to living beings. B．AI promotes the interaction among species. C．AI benefits from the development of humans. D．AI meets the demands of perceptive creatures. 3．What does the underlined word “benevolent” in Paragraph 7 probably mean? A．Ambitious. B．Generous. C．Resourceful. D．Competitive. 4．The author’s major concern in developing AI is that __________. A．AI poses a threat to the world B．society’s morals are in decline C．humans prioritize their own needs D．sentient beings deepen cultural biases Passage 2 （24-25高三上·北京·阶段练习）September 2022 was apparently the month artificial intelligence essay anxiety boiled over n academia, after a user of an AI writing service claimed to be getting straight A's with essays written" using artificial intelligence. Most professors expressed concern. One wrote, “Grading something an Al wrote is an incredibly depressing waste of my life.” As all this online depression was playing out, I asked my students, who were mostly majors in writing, to submit a 2,000-word proposal about a local issue. I asked them to rely on the AI as much as possible. After reviewing their 22 AI essays, I can tell you confidently that the technology just isn't there. My students used free accessible text generators online and put in a lot of effort. But, if I had believed these were genuine student essays, the very best would have earned somewhere around a C or C-minus. Many of the essays had obvious red flags for Al generation: outdated facts, quotes from prior university presidents presented as current presidents, fictional professors and named student organizations that don’t exist. At the same time, the students reported that using Al required far more time than simply writing their essays the old-fashioned way would have. There has been a fair amount written about the supposed impressiveness of Al-generated text. There are even several high-profile Al-written articles, essays or even scientific papers or screenplays that showcase this impressiveness. In many of these cases, the “authors”have access to higher-quality language models than most students are currently able to use. But, more importantly, the published examples are generally the polished form of professional writers and editors. In contrast, many of my students’ Al-generated essays showed the common problems of student writing — uncertainty about the appropriate writing style, issues with organization and transitions, and inconsistent paragraphing. Obviously, producing a quality essay with AI requires having high writing skill and revising skill to produce appropriate outputs. My experiment so tells me that a good assignment sheet is the best defense against AI essays. If your assignment is “Describe the reasons for the U. S. Civil War”, you are more likely to get AI or downloaded essay submissions. My assignment was a challenge because it asked students to address local issues of concern. There are just not enough relevant examples in the data the AI text generators are drawing from. It has been just over five years since computer scientists declared, “We should stop training radiologist (放射科医生) now. Deep learning is going to do better than radiologists.” Well, we’re still training radiologists, and there’s no indication that deep learning is going to replace human doctors anytime soon. In much the same way, I strongly suspect full-on robot writing will always and forever be “just around the come”. 1．What does the author imply in Paragraph 3? A．Online text generators are far from reliable. B．Genuine student essays deserve higher marks. C．Students need to have better mastery of technology. D．Revising applications decide the quality of AI essays. 2．In the author's opinion, what may discourage the use of AI text generators? A．Standard criteria B．Strict regulations. C．Clear instructions. D．Unique writing tasks. 3．What is the main purpose of the passage? A．To assess AI's influence on students' writing. B．To discuss the threat of Al to the teaching of writing. C．To appeal for the appropriate application of AI text generators. D．To analyse the differences between genuine and Al-written essays. Passage 3 （2024·北京东城·二模）You might not think that an AI capable of making music would stimulate your emotion, but others think differently, particularly those who gathered at Mexico City’s Symphony Hall in 2019 for Schubert’s Unfinished Symphony, which I finished using melodies generated by an AI. As the orchestra (管弦乐团) finished Schubert’s original work and began the music the AI and I had written, I could feel the crowd’s energy shift from astonishment to indignation and fear. They seemed afraid that an AI might be able to make emotional symphonic music. You can see their point: an AI that makes emotional music could affect the emotional lives of thousands or even millions of people in a small, but profound way, just like a human musician does. Positive and negative, people reacted very strongly to AI’s symphonic debut (首秀). Even though most people don’t believe that AI can create something enjoyable, they, at least partly, did enjoy the Unfinished Symphony. Enjoyment in music implies that there’s something in the music that the listener connects to, a perception of shared emotion. But, in the case of AI music, an emotion shared with who? AI, as of yet, has no emotions. So what is the meaning of music made without an emotional composer? The unsatisfying answer is that music has no objective meaning. A composer can decide how a piece of music sounds, but it’s the listener that decides what it means. No matter how it’s created, music doesn’t exist in a vacuum (真空) to the listener. The meaning we assign to music depends on its context — how the piece connects to other elements in our lives. Without context, music is like the results of a game whose rules have been lost. The context for a music is part of who you are. The music is emotional to you because you have the context to appreciate it. As it continues to evolve, AI music will develop its own context. Certainly, it’ll be different from human-made music. It’ll mix existing genres to create new ones; it’ll combine instruments that we wouldn’t think of combining. Its rules will be different. I’m now always asked the same question: “Who put the emotion in that music: you, the composer, or the AI?” But that’s not the question they really want to ask, though. There’s a deeper question that most people are too afraid to ask right now: “Are my emotions so simple that they can be maneuvered by a machine?” In my experience, this could be possible one day. If a modestly capable music AI in 2019 could stir up emotions of an audience, maybe AI can have a more powerful effect on our emotional lives than we’d like to admit. 1．The audience reacted strongly to the symphony mainly due to ______. A．their doubts about AI’s capabilities B．their uneasiness about AI’s influence C．the orchestra’s brilliant presentation of AI music D．the likeness between AI music and the original work 2．What might the author agree with? A．AI poses little impact on people’s emotions. B．Music bears no intended emotional meaning. C．AI music will outperform human-made music. D．The context reflects people’s interpretation of music. 3．What does the word “maneuvered” underlined in Paragraph 6 most probably mean? A．Refreshed. B．Challenged. C．Revealed. D．Directed. 4．Which would be the best title for the passage? A．Are Composers To Be Replaced? B．Would AI Music Be a Rising Trend? C．Could AI Make Music That Moves You? D．Was the Unfinished Symphony Successful? 阅读七选五 Passage 1 （2024·北京房山·一模）The beginning of the Year of the Dragon has foreshadowed a “Song of Ice and Fire” with the emergence of Sora, a text-to-video AI model. Videos generated by Sora display strong consistency when it comes to characters and backgrounds, and support continuous shots of up to 60 seconds, including highly detailed settings and multiple camera angles. 12 However, film insiders noted that currently, AI-generated 60-second videos cannot support the creation of a full-length movie, and the idea that AI tools will “bomb” the film and television industry is so far unfounded. Meanwhile, experts say not to worry excessively, as the integration of AI will help optimize certain occupations, attract more innovative talents and bring new possibilities to the film and television industry. 13 From the age of film stock to the digital age, from practical effects to digital effects, from 2D to 3D, Sora, like any technological revolution in the century-long history of film, will improve production efficiency, update production and may even create new genres and trends in filmmaking. 14 Students learning film production can view Sora as a helpful assistant to unleash their sci-fi imagination. Facing the panic signals that AI tools will threaten the global film industry, film insiders argued that the fundamental DNA of film is art and that human creativity cannot be replaced. 15 Many directors, screenwriters, and actors achieve great works by continuously integrating personal emotions and life experiences. This kind of individual creativity cannot be imitated by machines like Sora. 16 However, just as the invention of printing did not replace literature or the invention of photography did not replace painting, Sora and its subsequent updates and upgrades will not replace film because the core of these art forms is creativity, which is a unique aspect of human thought. A．With OpenAI’s iteration speed, producing AI videos dozens of minutes long is not far off. B．It is also likely to be incorporated into film and television education and training in the future. C．Film and television are closely linked to technological advancements, which stimulate creativity. D．Sora will undoubtedly prompt changes in existing industrial production and may even replace some jobs. E．Sora is undoubtedly “more of an opportunity than a challenge” for the global film and television industry. F．Creativity and film production requires the integration of emotional experiences and individual memories. G．This implies that with just a text description, ordinary people using Sora may be able to become “great directors”. Passage 2 （2024·湖北·一模）When I was in primary school, reading index cards (索引卡) under the guidance of our librarian was how my classmates and I located the books we wanted and entered the world of ideas. It was amazing. 1 Then the same librarian explained that book-locating information was also available on a website. We could select books without even leaving our chairs. 2 The librarian was not confident that the new technology would last. So, as kids, we kept one foot planted in each world, learning the digital landscape while also physically exploring libraries. Throughout educational history, new tools have been accepted, rejected, or ignored. Digital card catalogues (目录) are an example of tools that facilitate learning, leading many schools to adopt a generally friendly attitude toward new technologies. 3 Some tools negatively affect our learning, the most recent example being ChatGPT. ChatGPT is an artificial intelligence (AI) chatbot that can respond to the questions one asks, drawing on stores of information and its interactions with other users. Where ChatGPT impacts education is in completing tasks assigned to students. Students can quit thinking — allowing ChatGPT to digest difficult readings on their behalf. 4 But learning to write is learning to think. Thinking is something we need to grow and progress as human beings. 5 ChatGPT and related technologies destroy this important task. I recommend that students resist employing them in the context of reading and writing if they wish to be transformed by their learning. A．Sure, AI can do these tasks for us. B．Education is meant to shape a person. C．But not all tools are equally constructive. D．They can also ask it to construct essays assigned by professors. E．If allowed to have access to AI-based tools, no one would ever think. F．However, this whole process seemed disappointing the very next day. G．In those days, we were living between the digital and pre-digital worlds. 阅读表达 Passage 1 （23-24高二下·北京昌平·期末）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。 Artificial intelligence is making its way into classrooms, creating a future where education is more personalized and dynamic. AI’s ability to customize (订制) learning and provide immediate feedback could change how students learn. making education more effective and engaging. Schools globally are starting to see the benefits of AI. Learning platforms with AI can now tailor lessons to each student’s pace and style of learning, increasing engagement and understanding. Dream Box Learning, an AI-powered math platform, has already showed how such technology can improve students’ abilities in problem solving. However, there’s an obvious concern coming up alongside these advancements—the AI divide or the growing gap between those who use AI tools and those who do not. A 2023 report by the Educational Data Trust found that wealthier school districts are three times more likely to have used Al-powered learning platforms compared to the under-resourced ones. The conversation around AI in education isn’t just about technology; it’s about fairness and opportunity. This could impact not only their academic performance but also their future college admissions and job prospects, suggests a2021 study by Georgetown University which found that AI skills are becoming increasingly sought after by employers. Addressing the AI divide requires a joint effort. Policymakers have the power to level the field by supporting AI accessibility in all schools. Educators must train their students to use AI as a tool. AI in education is a double-edged sword, with the promise of changed learning coming alongside the risk of deepening divides. As we embrace AI’s potential, we must also ensure it serves as a tool for, not exclusion, paving the way for a future where every student has the opportunity to succeed. 1．What future will AI create in education? 2．What is Al divide? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. The AI divide in education is related to technology and it couldn’t impact fairness and opportunity. 4．Explain how you will use AI technology as a tool in your learning. (In about40 words) Passage 2 （23-24高二下·北京通州·期中）阅读下面的短文和问题，根据短文内容，在相应题号后的横线上写下相关信息，完成对该问题的回答。答语要结构正确，书写工整，字迹清楚。 AI art, aka (又名) computation art or generative art, refers to the creation of any artwork through the use of artificial intelligence programs. This can include art forms like music, photography and video, but in this article we’ll focus on 2D and 3D illustrative art. AI art should not be confused with digital art, which refers to artworks created using any type of digital software. Typically, with digital art, the creator has to employ some level of artistic skill and technique, and understand how to use tools such as Adobe Illustrator. With AI art, in contrast, you typically only have to type in a text prompt (提示词). A finished artwork is then created by generative AI algorithms without any further input needed. AI art is controversial (有争议的) within the art and design professions for two main reasons. Firstly, and most obviously, allowing people to generate art through software means they’re less likely to pay someone to create it by hand. And that’s inevitably (不可避免的) going to lead to job losses and the loss of freelance work to professional artists. The second reason is that AI art generators are trained on art made by humans. Yet in most cases, these artists have not been paid for this sampling of their work. And by copying their style, which they may have taken decades of hard work to develop, AI art generators are arguably carrying out the biggest copyright theft in history. It all reminds us of the story of how an aging Pablo Picasso was one day sketching (素描) in a park. A woman approached him and asked him to sketch her. The famous artist took one look at her, and dashed off an abstract likeness in seconds. She loved it, and asked how much she should pay. “5,000 francs,” he replied. “Why so expensive?” she cried in shock. “It took you less than a minute!” He replied: “No, Madame, it took me a lifetime.” The artist community is now in a similar position, on a massive scale. AI art generators are taking out the equivalent of 5,000 francs of value multiple times a second, and yet artists aren’t getting a penny. A number of court cases are testing out this argument in court. 1．What is AI art? 2．With digital art, what does the creator have to do? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. The author tells the story of Pablo Picasso to show that he is a very great artist 4．Are you a supporter of AI art? Why or why not? (In about 40 words) 语法填空 Passage 1 （24-25高三上·北京顺义·期中）阅读下面短文，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 High school students and those who help in their education in Cyprus 1 (develop) an unusual robot so far. The robot uses ChatGPT artificial intelligence, or AI technology. ChatGPT is an AI system that can have a 2 (discuss) and create written works. It can create material based on 3 it has learned from a large database of digital books, online writings, and other media. The robot is named Alnstein. It is the size of a small adult. The robot even has a screen for a face that appears to show human facial expressions. Passage 2 （24-25高三上·北京顺义·阶段练习）阅读下列短文, 根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词, 在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 In education and learning, applying AI 1 education is not new. In the future, interactions may take place among 2 (student)and between learners and mobile devices, and this human-device interaction is a continuous and repetitive process. The teachers do not teach content but facilitate students’ work. The students will be engaged in the learning process and self-assess that they have become more confident that they could understand 3 they have learned. Also, teachers’ role will be the orchestration of AI and other digital tools and environments. We are now at a crossroads to destinations 4 will be led by AI in learning. Passage 3 （2024·北京·三模）语法填空 By analyzing large amounts of data, Al learns and 1 (improve) with each new task it performs. This has led to a sharp rise in its use in many fields, including healthcare, transportation, and even education. In the healthcare industry, AI 2 (use) to diagnose diseases and design drugs. Another area 3 AI is making an impact is in transportation. Autonomous vehicles, 4 (power) by machine learning algorithms, are becoming more common on the roads. Passage 4 （24-25高三上·北京丰台·期中）语法填空 ChatGPT is a chatbot. Some schools 1 (ban) it since its birth. They need time to make rules about 2 it’s to be used properly in class. Some teachers see it as a cheating tool. But many principals believe it’s too late to keep AI out of classrooms. A growing number of educators say the panic about AI is a lot like the panic 3 (cause) by the Internet when it was new. One of them says, “ChatGPT is to English and to writing what the calculator is to math.” 【答案】1．have banned 2．how 3．caused 【导语】这是一篇议论文。本文主要讨论了ChatGPT在学校是使用情况。一些学校禁止使用ChatGPT，但许多教育工作者认为人工智能在教育中是很重要的。 1．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：一些学校自其诞生以来就禁止它。根据句中的“since its birth”可知，谓语动词ban使用现在完成时，主语“some schools”为复数意义，谓语用复数形式。故填have banned。 2．考查宾语从句。句意：他们需要时间来制定规则，规定如何在课堂上正确使用。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导宾语从句，从句中缺少“如何”这一含义，因此使用连接副词how引导宾语从句。故填how。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：越来越多的教育工作者表示，对人工智能的恐慌很像互联网刚出现时引起的恐慌。此处为非谓语动词，动词cause与其逻辑主语panic之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语。故填caused。 Passage 5 （23-24高三上·北京·开学考试）阅读下面短文，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Swedish students generally welcome AI tools in education, but 62% consider using chatbots in exams as cheating. However, the boundaries of cheating with AI remain uncertain. This result 1 (show)in a survey from Chalmers University of Technology. The study, the first of its kind 2 (investigate)students’ attitudes towards AI in education has gathered crucial information and presented the results in an overview report. The researchers hope the survey’s findings will empower students 3 help them get a better understanding of AI’s role in learning. Passage 6 （24-25高三上·北京·阶段练习）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Since the beginning of the 21st century, artificial intelligence (AI) 1 (find) its way in different areas in the entertainment industry. Disney, which is one of the world’s leading entertainment 2 (company), has decided to make use of the technology in 3 (it) theme parks, where robot cartoon characters will soon walk among guests. Disney has also the robot Mickey Mouse and Donald Duck to communicate with tourists. “I think AI is going to be greatly important for what we do,” said Jon Snoddy, an official of the entertainment company. “Robot characters that can move around among our guests need to understand where they're going and know how to behave in a world with humans.” 【同源语篇阅读】 在技术和学术界的动态互动中，复旦大学最近决定对本科生论文中使用人工智能实施严格的规定，这引发了公众的争论。这些规定概括了六项禁令，强调了维护学术诚信和培养原创思维的必要性。 【原文·外刊阅读】 AI has created a dilemma in higher education （文章来源：China Daily） As a professor, I have delved into the nuances of the regulations, exploring their rationale, implications and the broader ethical and normative challenges they raise within the higher education landscape. And by drawing comparisons with international practices, I aim to provide concrete suggestions for managing AI usage in higher education. Double-edged sword of AI in education The rapid evolution of AI technology has revolutionized various sectors, including education. It presents unprecedented opportunities for advancing learning, enhancing research efficiency and refining data analysis. However, like any powerful tool, AI also poses risks. Its misuse, particularly in academic writing, jeopardizes the sanctity of original research and undermines the fundamental essence of academic pursuit. Thus, Fudan University's regulations emerge as a necessary corrective measure to address this burgeoning concern. Several countries and higher education institutions globally, too, have been grappling with the implications of AI in academic writing and research. For instance, several universities in the United Kingdom have issued guidelines, emphasizing the importance of original work and warning against the misuse of AI in academic writing. Some institutions have even introduced software to detect AI-generated content, ensuring the authenticity of submitted research work. Universities in the United States have taken a more nuanced approach, encouraging the responsible use of AI while maintaining rigorous standards for academic honesty. Institutions such as Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology have integrated AI literacy into their curriculums, fostering critical thinking and ethical considerations in technology use. And Australian universities have implemented strict penalties for plagiarism, including AI-generated content. They have also emphasized the importance of fostering a culture of integrity and ethical conduct among students. Ethics and norms basis of academic integrity Fudan University's regulations are grounded in a commitment to ethics and norms in academic endeavors. Ethics, as the guiding principle of behavior, ensure adherence to moral standards, fairness and conscience. Norms, on the other hand, offer concrete guidelines for conduct in specific situations. Together, they form the cornerstone of academic integrity, preserving the authenticity and impartiality of research findings. By prohibiting the use of AI in generating or altering raw data and directly producing text for dissertations, Fudan University aims to uphold the highest standards of academic honesty. The rationale behind Fudan's regulations stems from the preservation of academic integrity and the cultivation of independent thinking. They address a pressing issue: the decline in students' writing and critical thinking skills due to over-reliance on AI. By setting clear boundaries, Fudan seeks to steer students toward more authentic and original contributions to knowledge. Striking balance between innovation and regulation The debate surrounding Fudan University's regulations highlights the need to strike a delicate balance between innovation and regulation in higher education. Innovation drives progress and is essential for knowledge advancement. Regulation, however, ensures that innovation occurs within ethical and normative boundaries, preserving the integrity of academic endeavors. To achieve this balance, higher education institutions must adopt a holistic approach. They should encourage the exploration of AI's legitimate applications while rigorously enforcing ethical and normative standards. This involves integrating AI literacy into curricula, fostering critical thinking skills, and promoting a culture of integrity through moral education and professional ethics training. Fudan University's regulations resonate beyond academia, touching on broader ethical and normative considerations in the age of AI. They prompt reflection on the role of technology in shaping human behavior and values. As AI increasingly permeates various aspects of our lives, it is crucial to establish ethical guidelines and regulatory frameworks to ensure its responsible use. The regulations underscore the importance of individual responsibility in maintaining ethical standards. While institutions play a pivotal role in setting norms and enforcing regulations, individuals must also take ownership of their actions and uphold ethical principles in daily life. In conclusion, Fudan University's regulations on the use of AI in undergraduate dissertations, along with international perspectives and practices, provide valuable insights into managing the ethical and normative challenges posed by technology in higher education. 1. What measures have UK universities taken to deal with AI in academic writing? A. They have integrated AI literacy into curriculums. B. They have implemented strict penalties for plagiarism. C. They have issued guidelines and introduced detection software. D. They have encouraged the responsible use of AI. 2. Why does Fudan University prohibit the use of AI in generating or altering raw data for dissertations? A. To improve students' writing skills. B. To ensure students' independent thinking. C. To maintain academic integrity and cultivate independent thinking. D. To promote the development of AI technology. 3. What can we infer from the passage about the role of higher education institutions in managing AI usage? A. They should only focus on setting regulations. B. They should solely encourage the exploration of AI's applications. C. They need to balance innovation and regulation. D. They have no influence on students' use of AI. 4. What is the author's attitude towards Fudan University's regulations on AI use in undergraduate dissertations? A. Negative. B. Positive. C. Neutral. D. Indifferent. 【高频词汇训练】 根据要求完成句子 1．The origin of the Dragon Boat Festival is to recall the soul of Qu Yuan. (英译汉) 2．Later, I had a chance to experience authentic Chinese food by coming to China. (英译汉) 3．它还试图教孩子们有关他们所生活的世界的基本的东西。(介词+ which, fundamental) （汉译英） 4．这一变化使蒸汽机的效率大大提高。(efficient) (汉译英) 5．与之前的研究相比，新的研究扩大了研究对象。(comparison) (汉译英) 6．至关重要的是我们要结合不同学科的知识来应对气候变化。(crucial) （汉译英） 7．那些志愿去做好事的人从来就不图金钱回报，他们认为问心无愧是至关重要的。(conscience) （汉译英） 8． children in primary schools the basic skills of literacy is high on the agenda.（使有准备） ( 1 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 热点01 人工智能AI（四大题型） 2024年AI技术迎来多项热门趋势，包括生成式AI的广泛应用、多模态技术的突破以及AI与医疗健康的深度融合等。这些趋势不仅推动了技术创新和行业变革，还带来了对伦理与监管的深入思考。未来，AI技术将更加智能化、综合化，应用场景将进一步拓展，同时，也需要关注其带来的伦理和监管问题，确保AI技术的健康、可持续和负责任发展。 （建议用时：60分钟） 阅读理解 Passage 1 （24-25高三上·北京东城·期末）The age of artificial intelligence has begun, and it brings plenty of anxieties. Almost all of the conversations about risk have to do with the potential consequences of AI systems pursuing goals that depart from what they were programmed to do and that are not in the interests of humans. But this is only one side of the danger. Imagine what could unfold if AI does do what humans want. “What humans want,” of course, isn’t a monolith. Different people have countless ideas of what constitutes “the greater good.” Even if we could get everyone to focus on the well-being of the entire human species, it’s unlikely we’d be able to agree on what that might look like. That seems to be the reason that DeepMind recently founded an internal organization focused on AI safety and preventing its manipulation by bad actors. But it’s not ideal that what’s “bad” is going to be determined by a handful of individuals at this one particular corporation — complete with their blind spots and personal and cultural biases (偏见). The potential problem goes beyond humans harming other humans. What’s “good” for humanity has, many times throughout history, come at the expense of other sentient (有知觉力的) beings. Such is the situation today. In the US alone, we have billions of animals kept in confinement, subjected to cruel treatment, and denial of their basic psychological and physiological needs at any given time. Entire species are dominated and systemically butchered so that we can have omelets, burgers and shoes. If AI does exactly what “we” want it to, that would likely mean enacting this mass cruelty more efficiently, at an even greater scale and with more automation and fewer opportunities for sympathetic humans to step in and flag anything particularly horrifying. A better goal than aligning AI with humanity’ s immediate interests would be what I would call “sentient alignment” — AI acting in accordance with the interests of all sentient beings, including humans, all other animals and, should it exist, sentient AI. This will strike some as aggressive, because what’s good for all sentient life might not always agree with what’s good for humankind. It might sometimes, even often, be in opposition to what humans want or what would be best for the greatest number of us. Peter Singer, a philosopher, argued that an AI system’s ultimate goals and priorities are more important than it being aligned with humans. “The question is really whether this super intelligent AI is going to be benevolent and want to produce a better world,” Singer said, “and even if we don’t control it, it still will produce a better world in which our interests will get taken into account.” I’m with Singer on this. Decentering humankind to any extent, and especially to this extreme, is an idea that will challenge people. But that’s necessary if we’re to prevent our current belief from spreading in new and awful ways. 1．The author mentions the organization founded by DeepMind to __________. A．question a solution B．clarify a belief C．illustrate an example D．explain a practice 2．Which of the following can best present the idea of “sentient alignment”? A．AI extends the same rights to living beings. B．AI promotes the interaction among species. C．AI benefits from the development of humans. D．AI meets the demands of perceptive creatures. 3．What does the underlined word “benevolent” in Paragraph 7 probably mean? A．Ambitious. B．Generous. C．Resourceful. D．Competitive. 4．The author’s major concern in developing AI is that __________. A．AI poses a threat to the world B．society’s morals are in decline C．humans prioritize their own needs D．sentient beings deepen cultural biases 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了人工智能(AI)的发展以及人类应如何设定AI的终极目标和优先级，提出了“有知觉力的协调”这一概念，即AI应符合所有有知觉力生物的利益，而不仅仅是人类的利益。 1．推理判断题。根据第三段中“That seems to be the reason that DeepMind recently founded an internal organization focused on AI safety and preventing its manipulation by bad actors. But it’s not ideal that what’s ‘bad’ is going to be determined by a handful of individuals at this one particular corporation — complete with their blind spots and personal and cultural biases (偏见). (这似乎就是DeepMind最近成立一个内部组织的原因，该组织专注于AI安全，并防止其被不良行为者操纵。但由这家特定公司的少数几个人来决定什么是“坏”的并不理想——他们也有自己的盲点以及个人和文化偏见)”可知，作者提到DeepMind成立的组织，是为了质疑这种由少数人决定AI“好坏”的解决方案。故选A项。 2．细节理解题。根据第六段中“A better goal than aligning AI with humanity’ s immediate interests would be what I would call ‘sentient alignment’ — AI acting in accordance with the interests of all sentient beings, including humans, all other animals and, should it exist, sentient AI. (一个比将AI与人类眼前利益相一致更好的目标是我所称的“有知觉力的协调”——即AI的行为符合所有有知觉力生物的利益，包括人类、所有其他动物，以及如果存在的话，有知觉力的AI)”可知，“有知觉力的协调”指的是AI应满足所有有知觉力生物的需求。故选D项。 3．词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“and want to produce a better world(并想要创造一个更好的世界)”可推知，“仁慈的，善良的”人工智能才会想要创造一个更好的世界，划线词benevolent与generous意思相近，意为“宽宏大量的，仁慈的”。故选B项。 4．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其结合最后一段中“Decentering humankind to any extent, and especially to this extreme, is an idea that will challenge people. But that’s necessary if we’re to prevent our current belief from spreading in new and awful ways. (在任何程度上，尤其是极端程度上，将人类置于中心之外，都是一个将挑战人们的想法。但如果我们想要阻止我们当前的信念以新的、可怕的方式传播，这是必要的)”可知，文章指出人们关注人工智能按自身目标行事的风险，阐述了若人工智能按人类意愿可能带来大规模残忍情况，进而提出要考虑所有有知觉力生物利益的 “有知觉力的协调” 概念，都在强调不能只关注人类自身需求，要避免人类只优先考虑自己需求而忽视其他有知觉力生物的情况，即担心的是人类在发展AI时过于优先考虑自己的需求，而忽视了其他有知觉力生物的利益。故选C项。 Passage 2 （24-25高三上·北京·阶段练习）September 2022 was apparently the month artificial intelligence essay anxiety boiled over n academia, after a user of an AI writing service claimed to be getting straight A's with essays written" using artificial intelligence. Most professors expressed concern. One wrote, “Grading something an Al wrote is an incredibly depressing waste of my life.” As all this online depression was playing out, I asked my students, who were mostly majors in writing, to submit a 2,000-word proposal about a local issue. I asked them to rely on the AI as much as possible. After reviewing their 22 AI essays, I can tell you confidently that the technology just isn't there. My students used free accessible text generators online and put in a lot of effort. But, if I had believed these were genuine student essays, the very best would have earned somewhere around a C or C-minus. Many of the essays had obvious red flags for Al generation: outdated facts, quotes from prior university presidents presented as current presidents, fictional professors and named student organizations that don’t exist. At the same time, the students reported that using Al required far more time than simply writing their essays the old-fashioned way would have. There has been a fair amount written about the supposed impressiveness of Al-generated text. There are even several high-profile Al-written articles, essays or even scientific papers or screenplays that showcase this impressiveness. In many of these cases, the “authors”have access to higher-quality language models than most students are currently able to use. But, more importantly, the published examples are generally the polished form of professional writers and editors. In contrast, many of my students’ Al-generated essays showed the common problems of student writing — uncertainty about the appropriate writing style, issues with organization and transitions, and inconsistent paragraphing. Obviously, producing a quality essay with AI requires having high writing skill and revising skill to produce appropriate outputs. My experiment so tells me that a good assignment sheet is the best defense against AI essays. If your assignment is “Describe the reasons for the U. S. Civil War”, you are more likely to get AI or downloaded essay submissions. My assignment was a challenge because it asked students to address local issues of concern. There are just not enough relevant examples in the data the AI text generators are drawing from. It has been just over five years since computer scientists declared, “We should stop training radiologist (放射科医生) now. Deep learning is going to do better than radiologists.” Well, we’re still training radiologists, and there’s no indication that deep learning is going to replace human doctors anytime soon. In much the same way, I strongly suspect full-on robot writing will always and forever be “just around the come”. 1．What does the author imply in Paragraph 3? A．Online text generators are far from reliable. B．Genuine student essays deserve higher marks. C．Students need to have better mastery of technology. D．Revising applications decide the quality of AI essays. 2．In the author's opinion, what may discourage the use of AI text generators? A．Standard criteria B．Strict regulations. C．Clear instructions. D．Unique writing tasks. 3．What is the main purpose of the passage? A．To assess AI's influence on students' writing. B．To discuss the threat of Al to the teaching of writing. C．To appeal for the appropriate application of AI text generators. D．To analyse the differences between genuine and Al-written essays. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3.B 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了人工智能引发的学术焦虑，作者通过实验告诉我们，我们不需要过于担忧人工智能的使用。 1．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“But, more importantly, the published examples are generally the polished form of professional writers and editors. In contrast, many of my students' Al-generated essays showed the common problems of student writing-uncertainty about the appropriate writing style, issues with organization and transitions, and inconsistent paragraphing. Obviously, producing a quality essay with AI requires having high writing skill and revising skill to produce appropriate outputs. (但是，更重要的是，发表的例子通常是专业作家和编辑的润色形式。相比之下，我的许多学生的人工智能论文显示了学生写作的常见问题——不确定合适的写作风格，组织和过渡的问题，以及不一致的分段。显然，用人工智能写一篇高质量的文章需要有很高的写作技巧和修改技巧来产生适当的输出。)”可以推断，用AI文本生成器想写一篇高质量的文章是不太可能的。因此，作者认为AI文本生成器并不可靠。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“My experiment so tells me that a good assignment sheet is the best defense against AI essays. If your assignment is "Describe the reasons for the U. S. Civil War", you are more likely to get AI or downloaded essay submissions. My assignment was a challenge because it asked students to address local issues of concern. There are just not enough relevant examples in the data the AI text generators are drawing from. (我的实验告诉我，一份好的作业表是对抗人工智能论文的最佳方法。如果你的作业是“描述美国内战的原因”，你更有可能得到人工智能或下载的论文提交。我的作业是一个挑战，因为它要求学生解决当地关注的问题。AI文本生成器所使用的数据中没有足够的相关例子。)”可知，作者认为如果不想让学生使用AI文本生成器，教师可以布置独特的写作任务，这样学生就无法使用AI文本生成器。故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“September 2022 was apparently the month artificial intelligence essay anxiety boiled over n academia, after a user of an AI writing service claimed to be getting straight A's with essays written" using artificial intelligence. (2022年9月显然是人工智能论文焦虑在学术界爆发的一个月，此前一名人工智能写作服务的用户声称，用人工智能“写”的论文得到了全A。大多数教授对此表示担忧。)”以及最后一段“In much the same way, I strongly suspect full-on robot writing will always and forever be "just around the come”. (同样地，我强烈怀疑完全的机器人写作将永远是“指日可待”。)”以及全文内容可知，文章的目的是讨论了人工智能对于写作教学的威胁，作者认为人们无需太过于担忧机器人写作会代替学生写作。故选B。 Passage 3 （2024·北京东城·二模）You might not think that an AI capable of making music would stimulate your emotion, but others think differently, particularly those who gathered at Mexico City’s Symphony Hall in 2019 for Schubert’s Unfinished Symphony, which I finished using melodies generated by an AI. As the orchestra (管弦乐团) finished Schubert’s original work and began the music the AI and I had written, I could feel the crowd’s energy shift from astonishment to indignation and fear. They seemed afraid that an AI might be able to make emotional symphonic music. You can see their point: an AI that makes emotional music could affect the emotional lives of thousands or even millions of people in a small, but profound way, just like a human musician does. Positive and negative, people reacted very strongly to AI’s symphonic debut (首秀). Even though most people don’t believe that AI can create something enjoyable, they, at least partly, did enjoy the Unfinished Symphony. Enjoyment in music implies that there’s something in the music that the listener connects to, a perception of shared emotion. But, in the case of AI music, an emotion shared with who? AI, as of yet, has no emotions. So what is the meaning of music made without an emotional composer? The unsatisfying answer is that music has no objective meaning. A composer can decide how a piece of music sounds, but it’s the listener that decides what it means. No matter how it’s created, music doesn’t exist in a vacuum (真空) to the listener. The meaning we assign to music depends on its context — how the piece connects to other elements in our lives. Without context, music is like the results of a game whose rules have been lost. The context for a music is part of who you are. The music is emotional to you because you have the context to appreciate it. As it continues to evolve, AI music will develop its own context. Certainly, it’ll be different from human-made music. It’ll mix existing genres to create new ones; it’ll combine instruments that we wouldn’t think of combining. Its rules will be different. I’m now always asked the same question: “Who put the emotion in that music: you, the composer, or the AI?” But that’s not the question they really want to ask, though. There’s a deeper question that most people are too afraid to ask right now: “Are my emotions so simple that they can be maneuvered by a machine?” In my experience, this could be possible one day. If a modestly capable music AI in 2019 could stir up emotions of an audience, maybe AI can have a more powerful effect on our emotional lives than we’d like to admit. 1．The audience reacted strongly to the symphony mainly due to ______. A．their doubts about AI’s capabilities B．their uneasiness about AI’s influence C．the orchestra’s brilliant presentation of AI music D．the likeness between AI music and the original work 2．What might the author agree with? A．AI poses little impact on people’s emotions. B．Music bears no intended emotional meaning. C．AI music will outperform human-made music. D．The context reflects people’s interpretation of music. 3．What does the word “maneuvered” underlined in Paragraph 6 most probably mean? A．Refreshed. B．Challenged. C．Revealed. D．Directed. 4．Which would be the best title for the passage? A．Are Composers To Be Replaced? B．Would AI Music Be a Rising Trend? C．Could AI Make Music That Moves You? D．Was the Unfinished Symphony Successful? 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．D 4．C 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了人工智能是否能创作出富含情感的音乐的问题，论述了作者对于音乐中情感的看法。 1．推理判断题。根据第二段“As the orchestra (管弦乐团) finished Schubert’s original work and began the music the AI and I had written, I could feel the crowd’s energy shift from astonishment to indignation and fear. They seemed afraid that an AI might be able to make emotional symphonic music. You can see their point: an AI that makes emotional music could affect the emotional lives of thousands or even millions of people in a small, but profound way, just like a human musician does.(当管弦乐队演奏完舒伯特的原创作品，开始演奏人工智能和我共同创作的音乐时，我能感觉到观众的情绪从惊讶转变为愤怒和恐惧。他们似乎担心人工智能可能会创作出充满情感的交响乐。你可以看到他们的观点：一个制作情感音乐的人工智能可以以一种微小但深刻的方式影响数千甚至数百万人的情感生活，就像一个人类音乐家一样。)”可知，观众之所以对交响曲反应强烈，主要是因为对人工智能的影响感到不安。故选B。 2．推理判断题。根据第四段“AI, as of yet, has no emotions. So what is the meaning of music made without an emotional composer? The unsatisfying answer is that music has no objective meaning. A composer can decide how a piece of music sounds, but it’s the listener that decides what it means.(到目前为止，人工智能还没有情感。那么，没有情感作曲家的音乐有什么意义呢?令人不满意的答案是，音乐没有客观意义。作曲家可以决定一段音乐的声音，但听众可以决定它的意义。)”可知，作者可能会同意音乐没有预期的情感含义。故选B。 3．词句猜测题。根据第二段“You can see their point: an AI that makes emotional music could affect the emotional lives of thousands or even millions of people in a small, but profound way, just like a human musician does.(你可以看到他们的观点：一个制作情感音乐的人工智能可以以一种微小但深刻的方式影响数千甚至数百万人的情感生活，就像一个人类音乐家一样。)”以及划线词上文“Are my emotions so simple that they can be”和后文“by a machine”可知，人工智能制作的音乐可以影响数千甚至数百万人的情感生活，所以大多数人不敢问的问题是：我的情绪是否简单到可以被机器操纵？故划线词意思是“操纵”，与D选项Directed“指示，指导”意思最接近。故选D。 4．主旨大意题。根据第三段“Positive and negative, people reacted very strongly to AI’s symphonic debut (首秀). Even though most people don’t believe that AI can create something enjoyable, they, at least partly, did enjoy the Unfinished Symphony.(不管是正面还是负面，人们对AI的交响乐首演反应非常强烈。尽管大多数人不相信人工智能可以创造出令人愉快的东西，但他们（至少在一定程度上）确实喜欢《未完成的交响曲》)”结合文章主要讨论了人工智能是否能创作出富含情感的音乐的问题，论述了作者对于音乐中情感的看法。可知，C选项“人工智能能做出打动你的音乐吗？”最符合文章标题。故选C。 阅读七选五 Passage 1 （2024·北京房山·一模）The beginning of the Year of the Dragon has foreshadowed a “Song of Ice and Fire” with the emergence of Sora, a text-to-video AI model. Videos generated by Sora display strong consistency when it comes to characters and backgrounds, and support continuous shots of up to 60 seconds, including highly detailed settings and multiple camera angles. 12 However, film insiders noted that currently, AI-generated 60-second videos cannot support the creation of a full-length movie, and the idea that AI tools will “bomb” the film and television industry is so far unfounded. Meanwhile, experts say not to worry excessively, as the integration of AI will help optimize certain occupations, attract more innovative talents and bring new possibilities to the film and television industry. 13 From the age of film stock to the digital age, from practical effects to digital effects, from 2D to 3D, Sora, like any technological revolution in the century-long history of film, will improve production efficiency, update production and may even create new genres and trends in filmmaking. 14 Students learning film production can view Sora as a helpful assistant to unleash their sci-fi imagination. Facing the panic signals that AI tools will threaten the global film industry, film insiders argued that the fundamental DNA of film is art and that human creativity cannot be replaced. 15 Many directors, screenwriters, and actors achieve great works by continuously integrating personal emotions and life experiences. This kind of individual creativity cannot be imitated by machines like Sora. 16 However, just as the invention of printing did not replace literature or the invention of photography did not replace painting, Sora and its subsequent updates and upgrades will not replace film because the core of these art forms is creativity, which is a unique aspect of human thought. A．With OpenAI’s iteration speed, producing AI videos dozens of minutes long is not far off. B．It is also likely to be incorporated into film and television education and training in the future. C．Film and television are closely linked to technological advancements, which stimulate creativity. D．Sora will undoubtedly prompt changes in existing industrial production and may even replace some jobs. E．Sora is undoubtedly “more of an opportunity than a challenge” for the global film and television industry. F．Creativity and film production requires the integration of emotional experiences and individual memories. G．This implies that with just a text description, ordinary people using Sora may be able to become “great directors”. 【答案】1．G 2．E 3．B 4．F 5．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了工智能模型Sora对电影产业的影响，但专家表示Sora不会取代人类。 1．根据上文“Videos generated by Sora display strong consistency when it comes to characters and backgrounds, and support continuous shots of up to 60 seconds, including highly detailed settings and multiple camera angles.”（Sora生成的视频在人物和背景方面显示出强大的一致性，并支持长达60秒的连续拍摄，包括高度详细的设置和多个相机角度。）可知，选项承接上文说明使用Sora的意义。故G选项“这意味着，只要一个文本描述，使用Sora的普通人就可能成为“伟大的导演”。故选G项。 2．根据上文“Meanwhile, experts say not to worry excessively, as the integration of AI will help optimize certain occupations, attract more innovative talents and bring new possibilities to the film and television industry.”（与此同时，专家表示不必过度担心，因为人工智能的整合将有助于优化某些职业，吸引更多创新人才，并为影视行业带来新的可能性）可知，选项承接上文说明Sora给影视业带来了机会大于挑战。故E选项“对于全球影视业来说，Sora无疑‘与其说是挑战，不如说是机遇’”切题。故选E项。 3．根据下文“Students learning film production can view Sora as a helpful assistant to unleash their sci-fi imagination.”（学习电影制作的学生可以将Sora视为一个有用的助手，以释放他们的科幻想象力。）可知，Sora可能会被应用于影视教育和培训，成为学生一个有用的助手。故B选项“ 它也有可能在未来被纳入影视教育和培训”切题。故选B项。 4．根据上文“Facing the panic signals that AI tools will threaten the global film industry, film insiders argued that the fundamental DNA of film is art and that human creativity cannot be replaced.”（面对人工智能工具将威胁全球电影产业的恐慌信号，电影业内人士辩称，电影的基本DNA是艺术，人类的创造力是不可替代的）和下文“Many directors, screenwriters, and actors achieve great works by continuously integrating personal emotions and life experiences. This kind of individual creativity cannot be imitated by machines like Sora.”（许多导演、编剧和演员通过不断融合个人情感和生活经历来创作伟大的作品。这种个人创造力是Sora这样的机器无法模仿的）可知，选项承接上文说明人类的创造力是不可替代的原因且要引出个人情感和生活经历对伟大作品创作的重要性。故F选项“创意和电影制作需要情感体验和个人记忆的整合”切题。故选F项。 5．根据下文“However, just as the invention of printing did not replace literature or the invention of photography did not replace painting, Sora and its subsequent updates and upgrades will not replace film because the core of these art forms is creativity, which is a unique aspect of human thought.”（然而，正如印刷术的发明没有取代文学，摄影术的发明也没有取代绘画一样，Sora及其后续的更新和升级也不会取代电影，因为这些艺术形式的核心是创造力，这是人类思想的一个独特方面。）可知Sora不会取代电影、让人失去岗位，下文与选项为转折关系说明毫无疑问，Sora肯能促使变化，取代某些岗位。故D选项“Sora将促使现有工业生产发生变化，甚至可能取代一些工作岗位”切题。故选D项。 Passage 2 （2024·湖北·一模）When I was in primary school, reading index cards (索引卡) under the guidance of our librarian was how my classmates and I located the books we wanted and entered the world of ideas. It was amazing. 1 Then the same librarian explained that book-locating information was also available on a website. We could select books without even leaving our chairs. 2 The librarian was not confident that the new technology would last. So, as kids, we kept one foot planted in each world, learning the digital landscape while also physically exploring libraries. Throughout educational history, new tools have been accepted, rejected, or ignored. Digital card catalogues (目录) are an example of tools that facilitate learning, leading many schools to adopt a generally friendly attitude toward new technologies. 3 Some tools negatively affect our learning, the most recent example being ChatGPT. ChatGPT is an artificial intelligence (AI) chatbot that can respond to the questions one asks, drawing on stores of information and its interactions with other users. Where ChatGPT impacts education is in completing tasks assigned to students. Students can quit thinking — allowing ChatGPT to digest difficult readings on their behalf. 4 But learning to write is learning to think. Thinking is something we need to grow and progress as human beings. 5 ChatGPT and related technologies destroy this important task. I recommend that students resist employing them in the context of reading and writing if they wish to be transformed by their learning. A．Sure, AI can do these tasks for us. B．Education is meant to shape a person. C．But not all tools are equally constructive. D．They can also ask it to construct essays assigned by professors. E．If allowed to have access to AI-based tools, no one would ever think. F．However, this whole process seemed disappointing the very next day. G．In those days, we were living between the digital and pre-digital worlds. 【答案】1．F 2．G 3．C 4．D 5．E 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了教育技术的发展，特别是人工智能聊天机器人ChatGPT在教育中的应用，以及它对学生的学习和思考能力可能产生的负面影响，呼吁学生在阅读和写作中保持独立思考。 1．前文“When I was in primary school, reading index cards (索引卡) under the guidance of our librarian was how my classmates and I located the books we wanted and entered the world of ideas. It was amazing. (在我上小学的时候，在图书管理员的指导下阅读索引卡是我和同学们找到我们想要的书，进入思想世界的方式。太神奇了)”提到用传统的索引卡检索图书的方法，学生对这一方法感到惊奇，后文“Then the same librarian explained that book-locating information was also available on a website. (然后，同一个图书管理员解释说，在一个网站上也可以找到图书定位信息)”提到在线检索的便捷，空处应实现过渡，可能与传统方法的不足有关，因此F项“However, this whole process seemed disappointing the very next day. (然而，第二天，整个过程似乎令人失望)”符合语境，指出索引卡检索让人失望，和前文构成转折，引出后文。故选F。 2．后文“The librarian was not confident that the new technology would last. So, as kids, we kept one foot planted in each world, learning the digital landscape while also physically exploring libraries. (图书管理员对这项新技术能否持续下去没有信心。所以，当我们还是孩子的时候，我们在每个世界都有自己的足迹，一边学习数字世界，一边探索图书馆)”具体讲述了“我们”在图书馆中同时使用两种方法，空处作为段首句，应该会总的概括这种情况，因此G项“In those days, we were living between the digital and pre-digital worlds. (在那些日子里，我们生活在数字和前数字世界之间)”符合语境，用“生活在数字和前数字世界之间”概括了当时的情况，契合后文内容。故选G。 3．前文“Digital card catalogues (目录) are an example of tools that facilitate learning, leading many schools to adopt a generally friendly attitude toward new technologies. (数字卡片目录是促进学习的工具的一个例子，导致许多学校对新技术采取普遍友好的态度)”以数字卡片目录为例，讲述了新工具的优势，后文“Some tools negatively affect our learning, the most recent example being ChatGPT. (有些工具会对我们的学习产生负面影响，最近的例子是ChatGPT)”以ChatGPT为例，指出有些工具也有不利影响，空处应实现过渡，应该会指出并非所有工具都有积极影响，因此C项“But not all tools are equally constructive. (但不是所有的工具都同样有助益)”符合语境，说明新工具并非只有好处，和前文构成转折，引出后文。故选C。 4．前文“Where ChatGPT impacts education is in completing tasks assigned to students. Students can quit thinking — allowing ChatGPT to digest difficult readings on their behalf. (ChatGPT对教育的影响在于完成分配给学生的任务。学生可以停止思考，让ChatGPT代替他们消化困难的阅读材料)”提到ChatGPT影响学生完成任务的情况，用学生阅读作业的例子进行说明，空处作为段末句，应该会继续举例说明ChatGPT可以帮助学生完成的任务，因此D项“They can also ask it to construct essays assigned by professors. (他们还可以要求它编写教授布置的论文)”符合语境，指出它可以写论文，承接前文。故选D。 5．前文“But learning to write is learning to think. Thinking is something we need to grow and progress as human beings. (但是学习写作就是学习思考。思考是我们作为人类成长和进步所需要的东西)”指出学习写作背后代表的思考对于人的重要性，后文“ChatGPT and related technologies destroy this important task. (ChatGPT和相关技术破坏了这一重要任务)”表明ChatGPT和相关技术的破坏性，空处应实现过渡，会说明ChatGPT这类技术导致人放弃思考，因此E项“If allowed to have access to AI-based tools, no one would ever think. (如果允许使用基于人工智能的工具，没有人会思考)”符合语境，指出人会因为基于人工智能的工具而不再思考，承前启后。故选E。 阅读表达 Passage 1 （23-24高二下·北京昌平·期末）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。 Artificial intelligence is making its way into classrooms, creating a future where education is more personalized and dynamic. AI’s ability to customize (订制) learning and provide immediate feedback could change how students learn. making education more effective and engaging. Schools globally are starting to see the benefits of AI. Learning platforms with AI can now tailor lessons to each student’s pace and style of learning, increasing engagement and understanding. Dream Box Learning, an AI-powered math platform, has already showed how such technology can improve students’ abilities in problem solving. However, there’s an obvious concern coming up alongside these advancements—the AI divide or the growing gap between those who use AI tools and those who do not. A 2023 report by the Educational Data Trust found that wealthier school districts are three times more likely to have used Al-powered learning platforms compared to the under-resourced ones. The conversation around AI in education isn’t just about technology; it’s about fairness and opportunity. This could impact not only their academic performance but also their future college admissions and job prospects, suggests a2021 study by Georgetown University which found that AI skills are becoming increasingly sought after by employers. Addressing the AI divide requires a joint effort. Policymakers have the power to level the field by supporting AI accessibility in all schools. Educators must train their students to use AI as a tool. AI in education is a double-edged sword, with the promise of changed learning coming alongside the risk of deepening divides. As we embrace AI’s potential, we must also ensure it serves as a tool for, not exclusion, paving the way for a future where every student has the opportunity to succeed. 1．What future will AI create in education? 2．What is Al divide? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. The AI divide in education is related to technology and it couldn’t impact fairness and opportunity. 4．Explain how you will use AI technology as a tool in your learning. (In about40 words) 【答案】1．It will create a future where education is more personalized and dynamic. 2．The growing gap between those who have access to AI tools and those who do not. 3．The AI divide in education is related to technology and it couldn’t impact fairness and opportunity. According to the passage, the AI divide in education isn’t just about technology but also about fairness and opportunity. This could impact not only their academic performance but also their future college admissions and job prospects. 4．Use artificial intelligence as a finding tool to get more resources. I can also use it to write papers. 【导语】这是一篇说明文。教育领域的人工智能是一把双刃剑，在改变学习方式的同时，也有加深鸿沟的风险。当我们拥抱人工智能的潜力时，我们还必须确保它成为一种工具，而不是排斥，为每个学生都有机会成功的未来铺平道路。 1．考查细节理解题。根据第一段“Artificial intelligence is making its way into classrooms, creating a future where education is more personalized and dynamic.”（人工智能正在进入课堂，创造一个教育更加个性化和动态的未来。）可知，人工智能将创造一个教育更加个性化和动态的未来。故回答为：It will create a future where education is more personalized and dynamic. 2．考查细节理解题。根据第三段“However, there’s an obvious concern coming up alongside these advancements—the AI divide or the growing gap between those who use AI tools and those who do not.”（然而，伴随着这些进步而来的是一个明显的担忧——人工智能鸿沟，或者说使用人工智能工具的人和不使用人工智能工具的人之间的差距越来越大）可知，人工智能鸿沟指的是能够使用人工智能工具的人和无法使用人工智能工具的人之间的差距越来越大。故回答为：The growing gap between those who have access to AI tools and those who do not. 3．考查细节理解题。根据第四段“The conversation around AI in education isn’t just about technology; it’s about fairness and opportunity. This could impact not only their academic performance but also their future college admissions and job prospects”（ 围绕人工智能在教育领域的讨论不仅仅是关于技术;这关乎公平和机会。这不仅会影响他们的学习成绩，还会影响他们未来的大学录取和就业前景）可知，it couldn’t impact fairness and opportunity错误。故回答为：The AI divide in education is related to technology and it couldn’t impact fairness and opportunity.According to the passage, the AI divide in education isn’t just about technology but also about fairness and opportunity. This could impact not only their academic performance but also their future college admissions and job prospects. 4．考查开放性试题。解释你将如何在学习中使用人工智能技术作为工具？利用人工智能作为查找工具，获取更多的资源。还以可以用它来写论文。故回答为：Use artificial intelligence as a finding tool to get more resources. I can also use it to write papers. Passage 2 （23-24高二下·北京通州·期中）阅读下面的短文和问题，根据短文内容，在相应题号后的横线上写下相关信息，完成对该问题的回答。答语要结构正确，书写工整，字迹清楚。 AI art, aka (又名) computation art or generative art, refers to the creation of any artwork through the use of artificial intelligence programs. This can include art forms like music, photography and video, but in this article we’ll focus on 2D and 3D illustrative art. AI art should not be confused with digital art, which refers to artworks created using any type of digital software. Typically, with digital art, the creator has to employ some level of artistic skill and technique, and understand how to use tools such as Adobe Illustrator. With AI art, in contrast, you typically only have to type in a text prompt (提示词). A finished artwork is then created by generative AI algorithms without any further input needed. AI art is controversial (有争议的) within the art and design professions for two main reasons. Firstly, and most obviously, allowing people to generate art through software means they’re less likely to pay someone to create it by hand. And that’s inevitably (不可避免的) going to lead to job losses and the loss of freelance work to professional artists. The second reason is that AI art generators are trained on art made by humans. Yet in most cases, these artists have not been paid for this sampling of their work. And by copying their style, which they may have taken decades of hard work to develop, AI art generators are arguably carrying out the biggest copyright theft in history. It all reminds us of the story of how an aging Pablo Picasso was one day sketching (素描) in a park. A woman approached him and asked him to sketch her. The famous artist took one look at her, and dashed off an abstract likeness in seconds. She loved it, and asked how much she should pay. “5,000 francs,” he replied. “Why so expensive?” she cried in shock. “It took you less than a minute!” He replied: “No, Madame, it took me a lifetime.” The artist community is now in a similar position, on a massive scale. AI art generators are taking out the equivalent of 5,000 francs of value multiple times a second, and yet artists aren’t getting a penny. A number of court cases are testing out this argument in court. 1．What is AI art? 2．With digital art, what does the creator have to do? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. The author tells the story of Pablo Picasso to show that he is a very great artist 4．Are you a supporter of AI art? Why or why not? (In about 40 words) 【答案】1．It is the creation of any artwork through the use of artificial intelligence programs. 2．The creator has to employ some level of artistic skill and technique, and understand how to use tools such as Adobe Illustrator. 3．The author tells the story of Pablo Picasso to show that he is a very great artist./The author tells the story of Pablo Picasso to show that he may have taken decades of hard work to develop painting skills. 4．I believe that artificial intelligence art tends towards industrialization, which brings convenience but also easily harms the rights of true artists. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了AI艺术的定义、特点、以及它在艺术和设计行业中引发的争议。 1．考查细节理解。根据文章第一段“AI art, aka (又名) computation art or generative art, refers to the creation of any artwork through the use of artificial intelligence programs. (人工智能艺术，又名计算艺术或生成艺术，是指通过使用人工智能程序创作的任何艺术品。)”可知，人工智能艺术指的是通过使用人工智能程序创造的任何艺术品。故答案为It is the creation of any artwork through the use of artificial intelligence programs. 2．考查细节理解。根据文章第二段“Typically, with digital art, the creator has to employ some level of artistic skill and technique, and understand how to use tools such as Adobe Illustrator.(通常，对于数字艺术，创作者必须运用一定程度的艺术技巧和技术，并了解如何使用Adobe Illustrator等工具。)”可知，对于数字艺术，创作者必须运用一定程度的艺术技巧和技术，并了解如何使用Adobe Illustrator等工具。故答案为The creator has to employ some level of artistic skill and technique, and understand how to use tools such as Adobe Illustrator. 3．考查推理判断。根据文章第四段“Yet in most cases, these artists have not been paid for this sampling of their work. And by copying their style, which they may have taken decades of hard work to develop, AI art generators are arguably carrying out the biggest copyright theft in history.(然而，在大多数情况下，这些艺术家并没有因为他们的作品样本而得到报酬。通过复制他们的风格（他们可能花了几十年的努力才开发出来)，AI美术生成器可以说是在进行历史上最大的版权盗窃。)”以及第五段“It all reminds us of the story of how an aging Pablo Picasso was one day sketching (素描) in a park. A woman approached him and asked him to sketch her. The famous artist took one look at her, and dashed off an abstract likeness in seconds. She loved it, and asked how much she should pay. “5,000 francs,” he replied. “Why so expensive?” she cried in shock. “It took you less than a minute!” He replied: “No, Madame, it took me a lifetime.”(这让人想起了毕加索在公园里画画的故事。一个女人走近他，让他给她画个素描。这位著名的艺术家看了她一眼，几秒钟内就迅速画出了一幅抽象画。她很喜欢，就问应该付多少钱。“五千法郎。”他回答。“为什么这么贵？”她震惊地叫道。“你花了不到一分钟的时间！”他回答说：“不，夫人，我花了一辈子的时间。”)”可知，作者讲述巴勃罗·毕加索的故事是为了说明艺术家们需要几十年的努力才能培养绘画技能。故原句“The author tells the story of Pablo Picasso to show that he is a very great artist.”中的“he is a very great artist”表达错误。故答案为The author tells the story of Pablo Picasso to show that he is a very great artist./The author tells the story of Pablo Picasso to show that he may have taken decades of hard work to develop painting skills. 4．开放题。要求考生谈谈是否支持AI艺术，考生言之有理即可。故参考答案为I believe that artificial intelligence art tends towards industrialization, which brings convenience but also easily harms the rights of true artists. 语法填空 Passage 1 （24-25高三上·北京顺义·期中）阅读下面短文，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 High school students and those who help in their education in Cyprus 1 (develop) an unusual robot so far. The robot uses ChatGPT artificial intelligence, or AI technology. ChatGPT is an AI system that can have a 2 (discuss) and create written works. It can create material based on 3 it has learned from a large database of digital books, online writings, and other media. The robot is named Alnstein. It is the size of a small adult. The robot even has a screen for a face that appears to show human facial expressions. 【答案】1．have developed 2．discussion 3．what 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了塞浦路斯的高中生及其教育帮助者共同开发的一款特殊机器人，该机器人使用了ChatGPT人工智能技术，能够进行对话和创作文本。 1．考查时态。句意：到目前为止，塞浦路斯的高中生及那些帮助他们教育的人已经开发出了一款不同寻常的机器人。根据时间状语so far（到目前为止）可知句子表示的是过去发生的动作对现在的影响，可以确定本句应该使用现在完成时，主语为复数，助动词用have。故填have developed。 2．考查名词。句意：ChatGPT是一个AI系统，能够进行对话和创作书面作品。空处作宾语，由于空前有冠词a，因此需要填入discussion的单数形式，故填discussion。 3．考查宾语从句。句意：它可以基于它从大量的数字书籍、在线文章和其他媒体中学到的东西来创建材料。此空引导的是一个宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，表示“……的东西/内容”，故应用连接代词what来引导，故填what。 Passage 2 （24-25高三上·北京顺义·阶段练习）阅读下列短文, 根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词, 在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 In education and learning, applying AI 1 education is not new. In the future, interactions may take place among 2 (student)and between learners and mobile devices, and this human-device interaction is a continuous and repetitive process. The teachers do not teach content but facilitate students’ work. The students will be engaged in the learning process and self-assess that they have become more confident that they could understand 3 they have learned. Also, teachers’ role will be the orchestration of AI and other digital tools and environments. We are now at a crossroads to destinations 4 will be led by AI in learning. 【答案】1．to 2．students 3．what 4．that/which 【导语】本文是篇说明文。文章主要讲述了人工智能应用于教育，会给教学带来的变化。 1．考查介词。句意：在教育和学习领域，将人工智能应用于教育并不新鲜。空处应用介词，后接名词“education”作宾语；动词短语apply...to...表示“把……应用在……上”，符合句意。故填to。 2．考查名词复数。句意：在未来，互动可能发生在学生之间，以及学习者和移动设备之间。介词among表示“在……中间”，后应接表示三者或三者以上的人或事物，故应用名词复数，作宾语。故填students。 3．考查宾语从句。句意：学生将参与到学习过程中，并自我评估他们更加自信可以理解他们所学的知识。空处引导宾语从句，在从句中作宾语，表示“所学的内容”，故应用连接代词what。故填what。 4．考查定语从句。句意：我们现在正处在一个十字路口，人工智能将引领我们走向学习的目的地。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词“destinations”，在从句中作主语，故应用关系代词that或which。故填that/which。 Passage 3 （2024·北京·三模）语法填空 By analyzing large amounts of data, Al learns and 1 (improve) with each new task it performs. This has led to a sharp rise in its use in many fields, including healthcare, transportation, and even education. In the healthcare industry, AI 2 (use) to diagnose diseases and design drugs. Another area 3 AI is making an impact is in transportation. Autonomous vehicles, 4 (power) by machine learning algorithms, are becoming more common on the roads. 【答案】1．improves 2．is used/is being used/has been used 3．where 4．powered 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是人工智能在很多领域的广泛使用。 1．考查谓语动词。句意：通过分析大量数据，人工智能可以在每次执行新任务时学习和改进。此空与and前的learns为并列作谓语，根据learns可知，此处是在陈述一般事实，应用一般现在时，主语为AI与improve之间为主动关系，且主语为第三人称单数故填improves。 2．考查谓语动词。句意：在医疗保健行业，人工智能正被用于诊断疾病和设计药物。此空为句子的谓语，结合语境可知，此处可理解为讲述的是客观事实，所以使用一般现在时，也可理解为“use”的动作正在进行，所以可使用现在进行时，或者是表示过去发生的动作对现在的影响，可以使用现在完成时，主语AI与use之间为被动关系，应用一般现在时，现在进行时或者是现在完成时的被动语态，主语为AI为单数形式。故填is used/is being used/has been used。 3．考查定语从句。句意：人工智能正在产生影响的另一个领域是交通运输。此空所在的句子有两个谓语动词，分别是is making和is，所以此处应为连词，且此空位于名词Another area之后，此处应为关系词引导的定语从句，从句中不缺少主语和宾语，所以使用关系副词，先行词another area为抽象地点状语，所以此处应用关系副词where。故填where。 4．考查过去分词。句意：由机器学习算法驱动的自动驾驶汽车在道路上变得越来越普遍。此处应用非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰autonomous vehicles，动词power与所修饰词autonomous vehicles之间为逻辑上的被动关系，所以应用过去分词作后置定语。故填powered。 Passage 4 （24-25高三上·北京丰台·期中）语法填空 ChatGPT is a chatbot. Some schools 1 (ban) it since its birth. They need time to make rules about 2 it’s to be used properly in class. Some teachers see it as a cheating tool. But many principals believe it’s too late to keep AI out of classrooms. A growing number of educators say the panic about AI is a lot like the panic 3 (cause) by the Internet when it was new. One of them says, “ChatGPT is to English and to writing what the calculator is to math.” 【答案】1．have banned 2．how 3．caused 【导语】这是一篇议论文。本文主要讨论了ChatGPT在学校是使用情况。一些学校禁止使用ChatGPT，但许多教育工作者认为人工智能在教育中是很重要的。 1．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：一些学校自其诞生以来就禁止它。根据句中的“since its birth”可知，谓语动词ban使用现在完成时，主语“some schools”为复数意义，谓语用复数形式。故填have banned。 2．考查宾语从句。句意：他们需要时间来制定规则，规定如何在课堂上正确使用。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导宾语从句，从句中缺少“如何”这一含义，因此使用连接副词how引导宾语从句。故填how。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：越来越多的教育工作者表示，对人工智能的恐慌很像互联网刚出现时引起的恐慌。此处为非谓语动词，动词cause与其逻辑主语panic之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语。故填caused。 Passage 5 （23-24高三上·北京·开学考试）阅读下面短文，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Swedish students generally welcome AI tools in education, but 62% consider using chatbots in exams as cheating. However, the boundaries of cheating with AI remain uncertain. This result 1 (show)in a survey from Chalmers University of Technology. The study, the first of its kind 2 (investigate)students’ attitudes towards AI in education has gathered crucial information and presented the results in an overview report. The researchers hope the survey’s findings will empower students 3 help them get a better understanding of AI’s role in learning. 【答案】1．is shown 2．to investigate 3．and 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了人工智能在学习中发挥的作用。 1．考查时态语态。句意：查尔姆斯理工大学的一项调查显示了这一结果。根据句意可知谓语动词show和主语this result之间是被动关系，结合语境可知时态为一般现在时，因此使用一般现在时的被动语态，主语this result是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数。故填is shown。 2．考查动词不定式。句意：这项研究首次调查了学生对教育中人工智能的态度，收集了重要信息，并在一份概述报告中展示了结果。分析句子可知，空处使用不定式作后置定语修饰the first of its kind。故填to investigate。 3．考查连词。句意：研究人员希望这项调查的结果能赋予学生权力，帮助他们更好地理解人工智能在学习中的作用。根据句意可知前后句子之间是并列关系，使用and连接。故填and。 Passage 6 （24-25高三上·北京·阶段练习）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Since the beginning of the 21st century, artificial intelligence (AI) 1 (find) its way in different areas in the entertainment industry. Disney, which is one of the world’s leading entertainment 2 (company), has decided to make use of the technology in 3 (it) theme parks, where robot cartoon characters will soon walk among guests. Disney has also the robot Mickey Mouse and Donald Duck to communicate with tourists. “I think AI is going to be greatly important for what we do,” said Jon Snoddy, an official of the entertainment company. “Robot characters that can move around among our guests need to understand where they're going and know how to behave in a world with humans.” 【答案】1．has found 2．companies 3．its 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人工智能在娱乐领域的发展方向。 1．考查时态。句意：进入21世纪以来，人工智能(AI)已经在娱乐产业的不同领域找到了自己的发展方向。此处Since“自从……以来”，句子用现在完成时态，且主语artificial intelligence (AI)是单数第三人称形式，谓语动词用has。故答案为has found。 2．考查名词复数。句意：作为世界领先的娱乐公司之一，迪斯尼决定在其主题公园中使用这项技术，在那里，机器人卡通人物将很快在游客中行走。one of +名词复数。故答案为companies。 3．考查代词。句意：作为世界领先的娱乐公司之一，迪斯尼决定在其主题公园中使用这项技术，在那里，机器人卡通人物将很快在游客中行走。名词theme parks前用形容词性物主代。故答案为its。 【同源语篇阅读】 在技术和学术界的动态互动中，复旦大学最近决定对本科生论文中使用人工智能实施严格的规定，这引发了公众的争论。这些规定概括了六项禁令，强调了维护学术诚信和培养原创思维的必要性。 【原文·外刊阅读】 AI has created a dilemma in higher education （文章来源：China Daily） As a professor, I have delved into the nuances of the regulations, exploring their rationale, implications and the broader ethical and normative challenges they raise within the higher education landscape. And by drawing comparisons with international practices, I aim to provide concrete suggestions for managing AI usage in higher education. Double-edged sword of AI in education The rapid evolution of AI technology has revolutionized various sectors, including education. It presents unprecedented opportunities for advancing learning, enhancing research efficiency and refining data analysis. However, like any powerful tool, AI also poses risks. Its misuse, particularly in academic writing, jeopardizes the sanctity of original research and undermines the fundamental essence of academic pursuit. Thus, Fudan University's regulations emerge as a necessary corrective measure to address this burgeoning concern. Several countries and higher education institutions globally, too, have been grappling with the implications of AI in academic writing and research. For instance, several universities in the United Kingdom have issued guidelines, emphasizing the importance of original work and warning against the misuse of AI in academic writing. Some institutions have even introduced software to detect AI-generated content, ensuring the authenticity of submitted research work. Universities in the United States have taken a more nuanced approach, encouraging the responsible use of AI while maintaining rigorous standards for academic honesty. Institutions such as Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology have integrated AI literacy into their curriculums, fostering critical thinking and ethical considerations in technology use. And Australian universities have implemented strict penalties for plagiarism, including AI-generated content. They have also emphasized the importance of fostering a culture of integrity and ethical conduct among students. Ethics and norms basis of academic integrity Fudan University's regulations are grounded in a commitment to ethics and norms in academic endeavors. Ethics, as the guiding principle of behavior, ensure adherence to moral standards, fairness and conscience. Norms, on the other hand, offer concrete guidelines for conduct in specific situations. Together, they form the cornerstone of academic integrity, preserving the authenticity and impartiality of research findings. By prohibiting the use of AI in generating or altering raw data and directly producing text for dissertations, Fudan University aims to uphold the highest standards of academic honesty. The rationale behind Fudan's regulations stems from the preservation of academic integrity and the cultivation of independent thinking. They address a pressing issue: the decline in students' writing and critical thinking skills due to over-reliance on AI. By setting clear boundaries, Fudan seeks to steer students toward more authentic and original contributions to knowledge. Striking balance between innovation and regulation The debate surrounding Fudan University's regulations highlights the need to strike a delicate balance between innovation and regulation in higher education. Innovation drives progress and is essential for knowledge advancement. Regulation, however, ensures that innovation occurs within ethical and normative boundaries, preserving the integrity of academic endeavors. To achieve this balance, higher education institutions must adopt a holistic approach. They should encourage the exploration of AI's legitimate applications while rigorously enforcing ethical and normative standards. This involves integrating AI literacy into curricula, fostering critical thinking skills, and promoting a culture of integrity through moral education and professional ethics training. Fudan University's regulations resonate beyond academia, touching on broader ethical and normative considerations in the age of AI. They prompt reflection on the role of technology in shaping human behavior and values. As AI increasingly permeates various aspects of our lives, it is crucial to establish ethical guidelines and regulatory frameworks to ensure its responsible use. The regulations underscore the importance of individual responsibility in maintaining ethical standards. While institutions play a pivotal role in setting norms and enforcing regulations, individuals must also take ownership of their actions and uphold ethical principles in daily life. In conclusion, Fudan University's regulations on the use of AI in undergraduate dissertations, along with international perspectives and practices, provide valuable insights into managing the ethical and normative challenges posed by technology in higher education. 1. What measures have UK universities taken to deal with AI in academic writing? A. They have integrated AI literacy into curriculums. B. They have implemented strict penalties for plagiarism. C. They have issued guidelines and introduced detection software. D. They have encouraged the responsible use of AI. 【答案】C 【解析】根据文章 “Several universities in the United Kingdom have issued guidelines, emphasizing the importance of original work and warning against the misuse of AI in academic writing. Some institutions have even introduced software to detect AI - generated content” 可知，英国的大学发布了指导方针并引入检测软件来应对学术写作中的人工智能问题，所以 C 选项正确。A 选项是美国大学的做法；B 选项是澳大利亚大学的做法；D 选项也是美国大学的做法。 2. Why does Fudan University prohibit the use of AI in generating or altering raw data for dissertations? A. To improve students' writing skills. B. To ensure students' independent thinking. C. To maintain academic integrity and cultivate independent thinking. D. To promote the development of AI technology. 【答案】C 【解析】文中提到 “The rationale behind Fudan's regulations stems from the preservation of academic integrity and the cultivation of independent thinking.”，复旦大学禁止在论文生成或修改原始数据中使用人工智能是为了维护学术诚信和培养学生独立思考能力，C 选项符合原文表述。A 选项提高学生写作技能只是其中一个方面，不全面；B 选项确保学生独立思考表述片面；D 选项促进人工智能技术发展与原文不符。 3. What can we infer from the passage about the role of higher education institutions in managing AI usage? A. They should only focus on setting regulations. B. They should solely encourage the exploration of AI's applications. C. They need to balance innovation and regulation. D. They have no influence on students' use of AI. 【答案】C 【解析】文章提到 “The debate surrounding Fudan University's regulations highlights the need to strike a delicate balance between innovation and regulation in higher education.” 以及 “To achieve this balance, higher education institutions must adopt a holistic approach.”，由此可推断出高等教育机构在管理人工智能使用方面需要平衡创新与监管，C 选项正确。A 选项 “only focus on setting regulations” 过于绝对；B 选项 “solely encourage the exploration of AI's applications” 片面；D 选项与原文不符，高等教育机构对学生使用人工智能有重要影响。 4. What is the author's attitude towards Fudan University's regulations on AI use in undergraduate dissertations? A. Negative. B. Positive. C. Neutral. D. Indifferent. 【答案】B 【解析】文章最后提到 “In conclusion, Fudan University's regulations on the use of AI in undergraduate dissertations, along with international perspectives and practices, provide valuable insights into managing the ethical and normative challenges posed by technology in higher education.”，作者认为复旦大学关于本科毕业论文中人工智能使用的规定提供了宝贵的见解，可见作者对其持积极态度，B 选项正确。A 选项消极、C 选项中立、D 选项漠不关心均不符合文意。 【高频词汇训练】 根据要求完成句子 1．The origin of the Dragon Boat Festival is to recall the soul of Qu Yuan. (英译汉) 【答案】龙舟节的起源是为了缅怀屈原的灵魂。 【详解】考查非谓语动词。分析所给英文句子，“The origin”为主语，意为“起源”，“of the Dragon Boat Festival”为介词短语作后置定语修饰主语，意为“龙舟节的”，“is”为谓语，意为“是”，“to recall the soul of Qu Yuan”为不定式作表语，意为“为了缅怀屈原的灵魂”。故译为：龙舟节的起源是为了缅怀屈原的灵魂。 2．Later, I had a chance to experience authentic Chinese food by coming to China. (英译汉) 【答案】后来，我来到中国，有机会品尝地道的中国食物。 【详解】考查非谓语动词。Later意为“后来”；I had a chance to experience authentic Chinese food意为“有机会品尝地道的中国食物”，陈述过去发生的事情，使用一般过去时， to experience authentic Chinese food为动词不定式作后置定语，修饰名词chance；by意为“通过”；coming to China意为“来到中国”，此处为动名词短语作介词by的宾语。故翻译成：后来，我来到中国，有机会品尝地道的中国食物。 3．它还试图教孩子们有关他们所生活的世界的基本的东西。(介词+ which, fundamental) （汉译英） 【答案】It also tries to teach children fundamental things about the world in which they live. 【详解】考查固定短语、定语从句、时态。表示“它”含义的表达为：it；表示“还”含义的表达为：also；表示“试图……”含义的表达为：try to do，因句子表示的是一个客观情况，谓语动词使用一般现在时，因主语为单数第三人称，谓语动词使用单数第三人称形式；表示“教孩子们基本的东西”含义的表达为：teach children fundamental things；表示“有关世界的”含义的表达为：about the world，在句子中作定语，修饰things；“他们所生活的”为定语从句，先行词为：the world，因先行词在定语从句中作状语表示地点，使用in which引导定语从句，因从句表示的是一个客观情况，谓语动词使用一般现在时，故翻译为：It also tries to teach children fundamental things about the world in which they live。 4．这一变化使蒸汽机的效率大大提高。(efficient) (汉译英) 【答案】That change made the steam engine much more efficient. 【详解】考查形容词、短语和时态。 主语“这一变化”表示为that change；谓语部分为：make+宾语+宾补表示“使……处于某种状态”，形容词efficient作宾补，“大大”much more，宾语是“蒸汽机”steam engine，陈述过去事情，用一般过去时，故翻译为That change made the steam engine much more efficient. 5．与之前的研究相比，新的研究扩大了研究对象。(comparison) (汉译英) 【答案】In comparison with the previous study, the new study expanded research subjects. 【详解】考查介词短语和时态。根据所给中文句子和提示词可知，“与之前的研究相比”可用介词短语：in comparison with意为“与……相比”，“之前的研究”译为“the previous study”，“新的研究”作主语，译为“the new study”，“扩大了”为谓语，用动词expand，描述已发生的事，用一般过去时，“研究对象”作宾语，译为“research subjects”。故译为：In comparison with the previous study, the new study expanded research subjects. 6．至关重要的是我们要结合不同学科的知识来应对气候变化。(crucial) （汉译英） 【答案】What is crucial is that we combine the knowledge of different disciplines to combat climate change. 【详解】考查主语从句和表语从句。表示“至关重要的”使用了主语从句what is crucial作主句的主语；表示“是”应用is作句子的谓语；表示“我们要结合不同学科的知识来应对气候变化”应用表语从句 we combine the knowledge of different disciplines to combat climate change作主句的表语, 当表语从句不缺少成分，也不缺少意思，用连接代词that引导。故翻译为What is crucial is that we combine the knowledge of different disciplines to combat climate change。 7．那些志愿去做好事的人从来就不图金钱回报，他们认为问心无愧是至关重要的。(conscience) （汉译英） 【答案】Those who volunteer to do good deeds never seek monetary rewards and they believe that a clear conscience is essential. 【详解】考查定语从句、宾语从句和固定短语。翻译“那些志愿去做好事的人”时可以使用定语从句去修饰先行词“人（those）”，“志愿做某事”可以使用固定短语“volunteer to do”，“做好事”可以使用固定短语“do good deeds”，即：those who volunteer to do good deeds。“从来就不图金钱回报”可以翻译为： never seek monetary rewards。“他们认为问心无愧是至关重要的”可以使用宾语从句来翻译，问心无愧：a clear conscience，至关重要的： essential，即：They believe that a clear conscience is essential.逗号前后两部分汉意可以使用并列连词and连接。故翻译为：Those who volunteer to do good deeds never seek monetary rewards and they believe that a clear conscience is essential. 8． children in primary schools the basic skills of literacy is high on the agenda.（使有准备） 【答案】 Equipping with 【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：让小学生具备识字的基本技能已提上议事日程。短语“equip sb with sth”为固定搭配，表示“使某人具备有”。分析句子可知，__children in primary schools with the basic skills of literacy是句子的主语，equip后有宾语，要用v-ing形式，故本题填 (1). Equipping    (2). with。 【参考译文】 作为一名教授，我深入研究了这些规定的细微之处，探究其背后的基本原理、影响，以及它们在高等教育领域引发的更广泛的伦理和规范挑战。通过与国际惯例进行比较，我旨在为高等教育中人工智能的使用管理提供具体建议。 人工智能在教育中的双刃剑 人工智能技术的快速发展给包括教育在内的各个领域带来了革命性变化。它为推进学习、提高研究效率和优化数据分析带来了前所未有的机遇。然而，如同任何强大的工具一样，人工智能也存在风险。尤其是在学术写作中滥用人工智能，会危及原创研究的神圣性，破坏学术追求的根本本质。因此，复旦大学的相关规定应运而生，成为应对这一日益凸显问题的必要纠正措施。 全球多个国家和高等教育机构也一直在应对人工智能在学术写作和研究中带来的影响。例如，英国的几所大学发布了指导方针，强调原创工作的重要性，并警告在学术写作中滥用人工智能的危害。一些机构甚至引入了检测人工智能生成内容的软件，以确保提交的研究成果的真实性。 美国的大学采取了更为细致入微的方法，在鼓励负责任地使用人工智能的同时，维持严格的学术诚信标准。像哈佛和麻省理工学院等机构已将人工智能素养融入课程设置，培养学生在使用技术时的批判性思维和伦理考量。 澳大利亚的大学对抄袭行为，包括使用人工智能生成内容，实施了严厉的处罚措施。他们还强调在学生中培养诚信和合乎道德行为文化的重要性。 学术诚信的伦理与规范基础 复旦大学的规定建立在对学术活动中伦理和规范的坚守之上。伦理作为行为的指导原则，确保人们遵守道德标准、秉持公平和良知。而规范则为特定情境下的行为提供具体指引。 两者共同构成了学术诚信的基石，维护研究成果的真实性和公正性。复旦大学通过禁止在生成或修改原始数据以及直接为学位论文生成文本时使用人工智能，旨在维护最高标准的学术诚信。 复旦大学这些规定背后的基本原理源于对学术诚信的维护以及对学生独立思考能力的培养。它们解决了一个紧迫的问题：由于过度依赖人工智能，学生的写作和批判性思维能力出现下降。通过设定明确的界限，复旦大学旨在引导学生为知识做出更真实、原创的贡献。 在创新与监管之间寻求平衡 围绕复旦大学规定展开的辩论凸显了在高等教育中，在创新与监管之间寻求微妙平衡的必要性。创新推动进步，对知识的发展至关重要。然而，监管确保创新在伦理和规范的框架内进行，维护学术活动的诚信。 为实现这一平衡，高等教育机构必须采取全面的方法。他们应鼓励探索人工智能的合理应用，同时严格执行伦理和规范标准。这包括将人工智能素养融入课程，培养批判性思维技能，并通过道德教育和职业道德培训营造诚信文化。 复旦大学的规定影响超出了学术界，涉及到人工智能时代更广泛的伦理和规范考量。它们促使人们思考技术在塑造人类行为和价值观方面的作用。随着人工智能日益渗透到我们生活的方方面面，建立道德准则和监管框架以确保其负责任的使用至关重要。 这些规定强调了个人在维护道德标准方面的责任。虽然机构在设定规范和执行规定方面发挥关键作用，但个人也必须对自己的行为负责，在日常生活中坚守道德原则。 总之，复旦大学关于本科毕业论文中人工智能使用的规定，结合国际视角和实践，为应对高等教育中技术带来的伦理和规范挑战提供了宝贵的见解。 ( 1 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$