01高中英语阅读理解能力提升人与自我之生活与学习类-备战2025年高考

01高中英语阅读理解能力提升人与自我之生活与学习类 目录 最新考情分析 解题技巧 典例解读 高考再现 最新考情分析 选材特点 贴近学生生活实际：文章内容多选取与学生日常学习和生活密切相关的话题，如学校的课程、课外活动、同学之间的交往、个人兴趣爱好的培养、学习方法的探索、时间管理、自我提升等，让学生有较强的代入感，例如 2023 年新课标 Ⅱ 卷 B 篇讲述的学校花园项目。 时代性强：关注当下社会热点和时代发展趋势对学生生活与学习的影响，如数字时代的学习方式变化、社交媒体对青少年的影响、心理健康问题在学生群体中的凸显等，使学生能够运用英语了解和思考现实生活中的问题。 体裁多样：记叙文、说明文、议论文等均有涉及。记叙文常以学生的个人经历或他人的故事来展现生活与学习中的成长与感悟；说明文可能介绍某种学习方法、生活技能或与学生健康成长相关的知识；议论文则会针对生活与学习中的现象或问题发表观点并进行论证。 考点分布 主旨大意题：要求学生能够准确概括文章的中心思想或段落主旨。题目常以 “What's the best title for the text?”“What is the main idea of the passage?” 等形式出现，需要学生在理解全文的基础上，抓住关键信息，排除片面或过于笼统的选项。 细节理解题：考查学生对文章中具体细节信息的获取和理解能力，如时间、地点、人物、事件、原因、结果等。常见的提问方式有 “What can we learn from the passage?”“Which of the following is mentioned/not mentioned in the passage?” 等，答案通常可以在文章中直接找到或通过简单推理得出。 推理判断题：包括对文章隐含意义的理解、作者观点态度的推断、文章后续内容的预测等。题干中常出现 “infer”“imply”“suggest”“conclude” 等关键词，需要学生在理解文章字面意思的基础上，结合上下文进行逻辑推理。 词义猜测题：考查学生根据上下文猜测生词或短语含义的能力。一般会在文中划出需要猜测词义的单词或短语，并给出一些线索和提示，如定义、解释、对比、因果、举例等关系，学生需要运用这些线索来推断词义。 能力要求 语言理解能力：学生需要具备扎实的词汇和语法基础，能够准确理解文章中的词汇、句子和段落的含义，包括对长难句的分析和理解能力，这是做好阅读理解的基本前提。 信息提取与整合能力：能够快速从文章中提取关键信息，并对这些信息进行有效的整合和分析，以回答各种类型的问题，这需要学生掌握一定的阅读技巧，如快速浏览、扫读、精读等。 逻辑思维能力：在理解文章内容的基础上，能够分析文章的结构和逻辑关系，如因果关系、对比关系、递进关系等，并运用逻辑推理能力解答推理判断题和主旨大意题等。 文化背景知识：了解一定的英语国家的文化背景知识，有助于更好地理解文章中的一些文化现象和隐含意义，提高阅读理解的准确性和深度。 命题趋势 深度和广度的拓展：在考查基础知识的同时，更加注重对学生思维能力和综合素养的考查，问题的设置可能会更加深入和灵活，需要学生具备更高层次的阅读理解能力。 跨学科融合：与其他学科知识的融合趋势可能会更加明显，如涉及到科学、历史、地理、心理学等方面的知识，以考查学生的综合运用能力和跨学科思维能力。 选材的多元化：除了常见的校园生活和学习话题外，可能会进一步拓展到更广泛的生活领域，如职场、社交、健康、环保等，让学生了解不同场景下的人与自我的关系和发展。 解题技巧 快速浏览题目 先看阅读理解的题目，包括题干和选项。这可以帮助你大致了解文章的主题和可能涉及的内容。例如，如果题目中频繁出现 “study skills”“learning methods”“personal growth” 等词汇，你就能预判文章与学习方法或个人成长有关。 标记出题目中的关键词，如人名、地名、时间、特定的学习或生活场景相关的词语等。这些关键词在阅读文章时能帮助你快速定位相关信息。 预测文章内容 根据题目和自己已有的知识，尝试预测文章的结构和内容。比如，如果题目是关于一个学生如何克服学习困难的，你可以猜测文章可能会先描述困难，然后讲解决办法，最后可能会提及克服困难后的收获。 把握文章主旨 寻找主题句。这类文章的主题句通常在文章的开头或结尾部分。例如，在一篇讲述高中生活挑战的文章中，开头可能会说 “High school life is filled with various challenges that shape us in different ways.” 这就是主题句，它点明了文章是关于高中生活挑战的。 关注文章的标题和小标题（如果有的话）。标题往往是文章主旨的高度概括，小标题可以帮助你梳理文章的结构和各部分的主要内容。 梳理文章结构 对于生活与学习类文章，常见的结构有 “问题 - 解决”“经历 - 感悟”“对比（不同的学习或生活方式）” 等。 识别段落之间的逻辑关系。比如，有的段落是对前一段内容的举例说明，有的段落是转折，提出不同的观点或情况。像在一篇关于学习习惯的文章中，一段可能介绍了传统的学习习惯，下一段可能以 “However” 开头，引出新的、更有效的学习习惯。 定位关键信息 利用在阅读前标记的题目关键词，快速在文章中定位相关内容。例如，题目问到 “According to the passage, what is the most effective way to improve memory in learning?” 你就需要在文章中寻找与 “improve memory” 和 “learning” 相关的部分。 注意文中出现的表示因果、对比、列举等关系的词汇。如 “because”“although”“firstly”“secondly” 等，这些词汇后面的内容往往是重要的细节信息。例如，“She achieved good grades because she adopted a new learning strategy.” 中的 “because” 引导的句子就是解释成绩好的原因，很可能是题目所需要的答案。 仔细分析选项 对于细节理解题，要将选项与文章中的原句进行仔细比对。注意选项中是否存在偷换概念、范围扩大或缩小、时态错误等情况。比如，文章说 “Some students like to study in the library.”，选项如果是 “All students like to study in the library.” 就是范围扩大的错误。 对于主旨大意题，要判断选项是否准确概括了文章的主要内容。避免选择只涉及文章部分内容的选项或者过于宽泛、没有针对性的选项。 对于推理判断题，要依据文章提供的信息进行合理推断。不能过度推断，选项的内容应该是在文章内容的基础上能够得出的合理结论。例如，文章提到一个学生经常参加各种学习小组并且成绩提高了，你可以推断出学习小组对他的学习有帮助，但不能推断出他将来一定会成为一名优秀的教育家。 检查答案合理性 将所选答案代入题目中，看是否符合逻辑和文章的整体语境。如果答案与文章的主题、细节以及语言风格都相符，那么这个答案很可能是正确的。如果代入后感觉突兀或者与文章内容相矛盾，就需要重新思考答案。 典例解读 （一） （2024·全国·模拟预测）High school students dug deep into their studies this summer, participating in the Youth Leadership Program of Green Village Initiative (GVI) while also earning college credits from Housatonic Community College (HCC). The new and original partnership between the two organizations allowed students to earn four college credits in Biology and immerse themselves in the lively learning environment of GVI’s Reservoir Community Farm. Eight students, aged 14 — 18, participated in the strict eight-week program. For six days each week, students attended online learning while taking HCC’s Plants and Civilization Course. The farm served as an outdoor lab for the class, where students learned about the process of seed to table, food access and sustainability, food deserts, food justice and more. “Students learn better when they’re getting their hands dirty,” said Ofonime Udo-Okon, manager of GVI’s Youth Leadership Program. “HCC is setting an example as to what integrated learning can look like.” On Bridgeport’s only urban educational farm, the students, who all either live or attend school in Bridgeport, were transformed into young food leaders. Through their studies and hands-on instruction, each learned their role in the food system, and how to make a positive change. “I wanted to be in the program so I can give back to the community,” said Sariah Cohen, a 15-year-old sophomore at Bridgeport’s Central High School. “I like the practice that we provide the community with fresh, inexpensive food.” GVI’s Youth Leadership Program is rooted in food justice, addressing the reality that low-income people are severely impacted by food insecurity, poor access to nutritious food, and the resulting diet-related illnesses. The program teaches young people how to take action to remove food barriers and provide access to healthy produce for Bridgeport’s community. “GVI is a jewel in the city that can sustain our future,” said Robin Avant, HCC’s Dean of Academic Affairs. “Seeing the youth deeply embedded in soil is remarkable. As they grow crops, the students are growing their independent knowledge and experiences, while building agriculture sustainability plans that are critical to food justice.” 1．How does the partnership between GVI and HCC benefit the students? A．It offers students the chance to study abroad. B．It encourages cooperation among learners. C．It teaches students abundant knowledge about food insecurity. D．It combines online learning with hands-on experience. 2．What does the underlined sentence in paragraph 3 imply? A．Students prefer working the land to learning in class. B．Students need to wash their hands before entering the lab. C．Active engagement and real-life experience help learning. D．Working on a farm teaches students important life skills. 3．What is the main concern that GVI’s Youth Leadership Program aims to address? A．Discrimination against poor people. B．Uneven accessibility to healthy food. C．Research on nutrition-related issues. D．Income inequality among different jobs. 4．What is the last paragraph mainly about? A．The far-reaching impact of GVI. B．The commercial value of GVI. C．The rapid development of GVI. D．The extensive popularity of GVI. （二） （2024·甘肃平凉·模拟预测）It lasted just 24 seconds, but it’s an unforgettable moment that has caught hearts everywhere. During a basketball game at Zeeland East High School in Zeeland, Michigan, the crowd fell quiet, giving high school junior Jules Hoogland an opportunity to take a shot. Hoogland, who is blind, followed along as a woman tapped (轻敲) a yellow pole against the backboard and a teammate guided her to the perfect position. Thirteen seconds later, the 11th grader nailed a free throw and the silent audience erupted in roaring cheers and applause. Zeeland Public Schools shared the extraordinary moment, filmed by Brandy Navetta, the school district’s communications and marketing director on Twitter, along with the words, “You thought national basketball tournaments were infusive, but Zeeland Public Schools Unified Basketball took over the court this morning. And the crowd went wild!” Hoogland’s mom Karen said she was so proud of her achievement. She also praised the young students for their respect and sensitivity towards her daughter. Hoogland set a new record on what blind people can achieve and wanted this video to inspire all those who are facing challenges. “I’m hoping this video will inspire others to keep trying no matter what their challenges are,” she said. Students from both Zeeland East and Zeeland West High School witnessed Hoogland’s uplifting shot, part of an inclusive basketball game with zLinks. Nathan VandeGuchte, a special education teacher with Zeeland West, added that inclusive sports has made a significant impact on students at Zeeland schools since the zLinks program started. “It was so moving to see Hoogland hit that shot again in front of 2,500 people,” said Nathan. “The lens (视角) with which many of our special education students are viewed has now been forever changed. They know that they are important, and they recognize that they are contributing members of our student body!” 5．Why did the crowd go wild as Hoogland nailed a free throw? A．Because she couldn’t see. B．Because she was competitive. C．Because it was her first shot. D．Because it was the end of the game. 6．What does the underlined word “infusive” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Addictive. B．Puzzling. C．Informative. D．Exciting. 7．What message does Hoogland convey to us through her story? A．Dream big, dream early. B．Never fear to fight challenges. C．Interest is the best teacher. D．The more one does, the more one can do. 8．What can we infer about the special education students from Nathan’s words? A．They were usually overestimated. B．They got confidence from the program. C．They should be given more opportunities. D．They were eager to explore the unknown. （三） （24-25高三上·山东济南·期中）Elizabeth Keyton, originally from Georgia, the USA, married Arjun, a Malayali. She wanted to learn his mother tongue to strengthen their family bond. In the process, she created an Instagram page called “Elikutty” through which she now teaches Malayalam to thousands of people. “I always loved hearing people speak different languages, but when my mother from Serbia spoke Serbian at home, my father showed no interest in learning it, leaving frequent misunderstanding and communicating problems. That’s when I decided that if I met someone from a different culture, I would try to learn his language, which would be good for us and our family,” says Elizabeth to The Better India. “So when my relationship with Arjun started looking serious because of difficulties in communicating, I decided to learn Malayalam. However, I found that there weren’t enough resources to learn the language. Most books available were outdated or made for children. A small amount of material was often too difficult for casual (非正式的) language learners like me,” says the 35-year-old. “Later, I struggled to find a teacher suited to my needs and some grammar resources online.” As an English teacher, Elizabeth used her teaching skills to learn Malayalam. She wrote notes and made doodles (涂鸦) to learn the letters. “For me, the best way to learn is by explaining it to someone else, so I made an Instagram page in 2018 to share my notes and small drawings,” she says. Starting out with 1,000 followers in 2018, her Instagram page has over 70,000 followers today. She is pleased to make learning Malayalam fun and easy. “I have seen what happens when languages are ignored in my own house. My brother doesn’t know Serbian, which means his family won’t. It’s important to know English as it is a global language and helps when you go abroad, but the same respect should be given to native languages. They are the true way to a person’s heart.” says Elizabeth. 9．Why did Elizabeth decide to learn Malayalam? A．To build a foundation for her career. B．To improve her relationship with Arjun. C．To better communicate with her mother. D．To satisfy her interest in foreign languages. 10．What difficulty did Elizabeth meet during her learning? A．Rejection from her husband. B．Failure to find a native partner. C．Lack of suitable learning resources. D．Inability to find a professional teacher. 11．What was Elizabeth’s Instagram. page used to do at first? A．Collect learning tips. B．Assist her in self-study. C．Practice small drawings. D．Teach others Malayalam. 12．What is Elizabeth’s opinion on language learning? A．Using social media as the primary tool. B．Respecting our inner thinking at all times. C．Always putting the family’s common language first. D．Treating official languages and mother tongues equally. 真题再现 （一） （2023·全国·高考真题）Turning soil, pulling weeds, and harvesting cabbage sound like tough work for middle and high school kids. And at first it is, says Abby Jaramillo, who with another teacher started Urban Sprouts, a school garden program at four low-income schools. The program aims to help students develop science skills, environmental awareness, and healthy lifestyles. Jaramillo’s students live in neighborhoods where fresh food and green space are not easy to find and fast food restaurants outnumber grocery stores. “The kids literally come to school with bags of snacks and large bottles of soft drinks,” she says. “They come to us thinking vegetables are awful, dirt is awful, insects are awful.” Though some are initially scared of the insects and turned off by the dirt, most are eager to try something new. Urban Sprouts’ classes, at two middle schools and two high schools, include hands-on experiments such as soil testing, flower-and-seed dissection, tastings of fresh or dried produce, and work in the garden. Several times a year, students cook the vegetables they grow, and they occasionally make salads for their entire schools. Program evaluations show that kids eat more vegetables as a result of the classes. “We have students who say they went home and talked to their parents and now they’re eating differently,” Jaramillo says. She adds that the program’s benefits go beyond nutrition. Some students get so interested in gardening that they bring home seeds to start their own vegetable gardens. Besides, working in the garden seems to have a calming effect on Jaramillo’s special education students, many of whom have emotional control issues. “They get outside,” she says, “and they feel successful.” 13．What do we know about Abby Jaramillo? A．She used to be a health worker. B．She grew up in a low-income family. C．She owns a fast food restaurant. D．She is an initiator of Urban Sprouts. 14．What was a problem facing Jaramillo at the start of the program? A．The kids’ parents distrusted her. B．Students had little time for her classes. C．Some kids disliked garden work. D．There was no space for school gardens. 15．Which of the following best describes the impact of the program? A．Far-reaching. B．Predictable. C．Short-lived. D．Unidentifiable. 16．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Rescuing School Gardens B．Experiencing Country Life C．Growing Vegetable Lovers D．Changing Local Landscape （二） （2024·天津·高考真题）Our teacher, Miss Chevalier was a small woman, with a moon face, fatty fingers and curls that sprang straight up from her head, hence the funny name “Poodle (卷毛狗)”. She taught in our reading club. Sometimes she would look in and ask what we were reading — not to check but to know. That’s what happened the day my club was reading aloud a poem by Henry Longfellow. I guess I was better than the others, for Miss Chevalier asked a while later, “Addie, I was wondering if you would recite the whole poem to the Saturday evening’s club.” She said a famous professor was going to give a lecture about the poet, and a presentation of that poem would be a fresh way to start. She asked me to memorize it. “But that shouldn’t be a problem for a child of your ability,” she added. I’m telling you, my happy feet barely touched the ground all the way home. To me, that was the biggest thing ever and I soon learned the whole poem by heart, well prepared for our first rehearsal. I was desperately nervous when I went to her office the next day. But the good thing was she always had the smile that would make you feel like you just did something right. Halfway through the poem, Miss Chevalier stopped me and asked if I knew what “impetuous” meant. Despite her encouraging smile, I wanted to sink through the floor because I was unsure about its pronunciation as well as its meaning. Miss Chevalier pretended not to have noticed my red face and handed me a dictionary, asking me to read its definition aloud. “Impetuous has two definitions: rushing with great force or violence; acting suddenly, with little thought. ” She asked me which one fitted the poem. I read both definitions over again, trying to figure it out, but Miss Chevalier must have read my mind. “There is no wrong answer,” she said, “I want to know your opinion, Addie.” Hesitantly, I said, “Maybe… both.” She liked that. “One has to be impetuous both ways or they wouldn’t dare to face up to any challenge. Would you call yourself impetuous?” I knew she was asking for an opinion. “My mother thinks being impetuous for girls is improper, anyway.” She said my mom was somewhat right about that. “But girls should also be wise to take up challenges when needed. I believe you are such a girl.” After that, I would never call Miss Chevalier “Poodle” again. 17．Why was Addie asked to recite Longfellow’s poem to the Saturday evening’s club? A．To help with her performance. B．To get the attention of her classmates. C．To set an example for the rest of the class. D．To try a new way to warm up the coming lecture. 18．Why did Addie feel happy on her way home? A．An event was going to happen. B．She was fully ready for her first rehearsal. C．She gained recognition for her performance. D．She memorized the poem sooner than others. 19．What can be learned about Miss Chevalier’s personality from the way she treated Addie? A．Caring and considerate. B．Easygoing and carefree. C．Curious and open-minded. D．Disciplined and strong-willed. 20．How did Miss Chevalier succeed in making Addie truly understand the word “impetuous”? A．By asking Addie to define it in her own way. B．By interpreting the two definitions separately. C．By consulting the dictionary for its definitions. D．By linking its definitions to Addie’s situations. 21．What is the probable reason that Addie would never call Miss Chevalier “Poodle” again? A．She followed her mother’s advice. B．She made up her mind to be a polite girl. C．She was touched by Miss Chevalier’s trust. D．She felt Miss Chevalier’s teaching funny. （三） （2021·浙江·高考真题）At the start of the 20th century, an American engineer named John Elfreth Watkins made predictions about life today. His predictions about slowing population growth, mobile phones and increasing height were close to the mark. But he was wrong in one prediction: that everybody would walk 10 miles a day. Today, in Australia, most children on average fall 2, 000 steps short of the physical activity they need to avoid being overweight. In the early 1970s, 40 per cent of children walked to school, while in 2010, it was as low as 15 percent. The decline is not because we have all become lazy. Families are pressed for time, many with both parents working to pay for their house, often working hours not of their choosing, living in car-dependent neighborhoods with limited public transport. The other side of the coin is equally a deprivation: for health and well-being, as well as lost opportunities (机会) for children to get to know their local surroundings. And for parents there are lost opportunities to walk and talk with their young scholar about their day. Most parents will have eagerly asked their child about their day, only to meet with a “good”, quickly followed by “I’m hungry”. This is also my experience as a mother. But somewhere over the daily walk more about my son’s day comes out. I hear him making sense of friendship and its limits. This is the unexpected and rare parental opportunity to hear more. Many primary schools support walking school-bus routes (路线), with days of regular,  parent-accompanied walks. Doing just one of these a few times a week is better than nothing. It can be tough to begin and takes a little planning-running shoes by the front door, lunches made the night before, umbrellas on rainy days and hats on hot ones-but it's certainly worth trying. 22．Why does the author mention Watkins' predictions in the first paragraph? A．To make comparisons. B．To introduce the topic. C．To support her argument. D．To provide examples. 23．What has caused the decrease in Australian children’s physical activity? A．Plain laziness. B．Health problems. C．Lack of time. D．Security concerns. 24．Why does the author find walking with her son worthwhile? A．She can get relaxed after work. B．She can keep physically fit. C．She can help with her son's study. D．She can know her son better. （2020·海南·高考真题）Pali Overnight Adventures offers children and teens exciting experiences this summer. From broadcasting to street art, these are just 4 of the 17 highly unique camps being offered. Broadcasting Camp Become the next star reporter, news writer, director or producer. While running every aspect of our own news station, kids and their fellow campers will create and host a broadcast airing each night at dinner for the entire camp. Every night it goes on the web, keeping parents and the world informed of the happenings at Pali. Secret Agent Camp In the movie Mission Impossible, Tom Cruise made being a secret agent seem like the coolest job ever. Campers who sign up for the 2-week secret agent camp can get to know about the life of real secret agents by learning strategies and military skills on the paintball field. Culinary Camp If your child enjoys being in the kitchen, then the culinary camp is definitely the right fit. Campers learn technical skills of roasting, frying and cutting, as well as some recipes that they can take home and share with their families. Street Art Camp This camp takes creative license to an entirely new level. Campers will share their colorful ideas and imagination with each other and work together to visualize, sketch and paint with non-traditional techniques to create the coolest mural which will be displayed in public for all to see. 25．How many camps does Pali Overnight Adventures offer this summer? A．2. B．4. C．17. D．21. 26．What will campers do at the Broadcasting Camp? A．Create a website. B．Run a news station. C．Meet a star reporter. D．Hold a dinner party. 27．Which camp will attract children who are interested in cooking? A．Broadcasting Camp. B．Secret Agent Camp. C．Culinary Camp D．Street Art Camp. 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 01高中英语阅读理解能力提升人与自我之生活与学习类 目录 最新考情分析 解题技巧 典例解读 高考再现 最新考情分析 选材特点 贴近学生生活实际：文章内容多选取与学生日常学习和生活密切相关的话题，如学校的课程、课外活动、同学之间的交往、个人兴趣爱好的培养、学习方法的探索、时间管理、自我提升等，让学生有较强的代入感，例如 2023 年新课标 Ⅱ 卷 B 篇讲述的学校花园项目。 时代性强：关注当下社会热点和时代发展趋势对学生生活与学习的影响，如数字时代的学习方式变化、社交媒体对青少年的影响、心理健康问题在学生群体中的凸显等，使学生能够运用英语了解和思考现实生活中的问题。 体裁多样：记叙文、说明文、议论文等均有涉及。记叙文常以学生的个人经历或他人的故事来展现生活与学习中的成长与感悟；说明文可能介绍某种学习方法、生活技能或与学生健康成长相关的知识；议论文则会针对生活与学习中的现象或问题发表观点并进行论证。 考点分布 主旨大意题：要求学生能够准确概括文章的中心思想或段落主旨。题目常以 “What's the best title for the text?”“What is the main idea of the passage?” 等形式出现，需要学生在理解全文的基础上，抓住关键信息，排除片面或过于笼统的选项。 细节理解题：考查学生对文章中具体细节信息的获取和理解能力，如时间、地点、人物、事件、原因、结果等。常见的提问方式有 “What can we learn from the passage?”“Which of the following is mentioned/not mentioned in the passage?” 等，答案通常可以在文章中直接找到或通过简单推理得出。 推理判断题：包括对文章隐含意义的理解、作者观点态度的推断、文章后续内容的预测等。题干中常出现 “infer”“imply”“suggest”“conclude” 等关键词，需要学生在理解文章字面意思的基础上，结合上下文进行逻辑推理。 词义猜测题：考查学生根据上下文猜测生词或短语含义的能力。一般会在文中划出需要猜测词义的单词或短语，并给出一些线索和提示，如定义、解释、对比、因果、举例等关系，学生需要运用这些线索来推断词义。 能力要求 语言理解能力：学生需要具备扎实的词汇和语法基础，能够准确理解文章中的词汇、句子和段落的含义，包括对长难句的分析和理解能力，这是做好阅读理解的基本前提。 信息提取与整合能力：能够快速从文章中提取关键信息，并对这些信息进行有效的整合和分析，以回答各种类型的问题，这需要学生掌握一定的阅读技巧，如快速浏览、扫读、精读等。 逻辑思维能力：在理解文章内容的基础上，能够分析文章的结构和逻辑关系，如因果关系、对比关系、递进关系等，并运用逻辑推理能力解答推理判断题和主旨大意题等。 文化背景知识：了解一定的英语国家的文化背景知识，有助于更好地理解文章中的一些文化现象和隐含意义，提高阅读理解的准确性和深度。 命题趋势 深度和广度的拓展：在考查基础知识的同时，更加注重对学生思维能力和综合素养的考查，问题的设置可能会更加深入和灵活，需要学生具备更高层次的阅读理解能力。 跨学科融合：与其他学科知识的融合趋势可能会更加明显，如涉及到科学、历史、地理、心理学等方面的知识，以考查学生的综合运用能力和跨学科思维能力。 选材的多元化：除了常见的校园生活和学习话题外，可能会进一步拓展到更广泛的生活领域，如职场、社交、健康、环保等，让学生了解不同场景下的人与自我的关系和发展。 解题技巧 快速浏览题目 先看阅读理解的题目，包括题干和选项。这可以帮助你大致了解文章的主题和可能涉及的内容。例如，如果题目中频繁出现 “study skills”“learning methods”“personal growth” 等词汇，你就能预判文章与学习方法或个人成长有关。 标记出题目中的关键词，如人名、地名、时间、特定的学习或生活场景相关的词语等。这些关键词在阅读文章时能帮助你快速定位相关信息。 预测文章内容 根据题目和自己已有的知识，尝试预测文章的结构和内容。比如，如果题目是关于一个学生如何克服学习困难的，你可以猜测文章可能会先描述困难，然后讲解决办法，最后可能会提及克服困难后的收获。 把握文章主旨 寻找主题句。这类文章的主题句通常在文章的开头或结尾部分。例如，在一篇讲述高中生活挑战的文章中，开头可能会说 “High school life is filled with various challenges that shape us in different ways.” 这就是主题句，它点明了文章是关于高中生活挑战的。 关注文章的标题和小标题（如果有的话）。标题往往是文章主旨的高度概括，小标题可以帮助你梳理文章的结构和各部分的主要内容。 梳理文章结构 对于生活与学习类文章，常见的结构有 “问题 - 解决”“经历 - 感悟”“对比（不同的学习或生活方式）” 等。 识别段落之间的逻辑关系。比如，有的段落是对前一段内容的举例说明，有的段落是转折，提出不同的观点或情况。像在一篇关于学习习惯的文章中，一段可能介绍了传统的学习习惯，下一段可能以 “However” 开头，引出新的、更有效的学习习惯。 定位关键信息 利用在阅读前标记的题目关键词，快速在文章中定位相关内容。例如，题目问到 “According to the passage, what is the most effective way to improve memory in learning?” 你就需要在文章中寻找与 “improve memory” 和 “learning” 相关的部分。 注意文中出现的表示因果、对比、列举等关系的词汇。如 “because”“although”“firstly”“secondly” 等，这些词汇后面的内容往往是重要的细节信息。例如，“She achieved good grades because she adopted a new learning strategy.” 中的 “because” 引导的句子就是解释成绩好的原因，很可能是题目所需要的答案。 仔细分析选项 对于细节理解题，要将选项与文章中的原句进行仔细比对。注意选项中是否存在偷换概念、范围扩大或缩小、时态错误等情况。比如，文章说 “Some students like to study in the library.”，选项如果是 “All students like to study in the library.” 就是范围扩大的错误。 对于主旨大意题，要判断选项是否准确概括了文章的主要内容。避免选择只涉及文章部分内容的选项或者过于宽泛、没有针对性的选项。 对于推理判断题，要依据文章提供的信息进行合理推断。不能过度推断，选项的内容应该是在文章内容的基础上能够得出的合理结论。例如，文章提到一个学生经常参加各种学习小组并且成绩提高了，你可以推断出学习小组对他的学习有帮助，但不能推断出他将来一定会成为一名优秀的教育家。 检查答案合理性 将所选答案代入题目中，看是否符合逻辑和文章的整体语境。如果答案与文章的主题、细节以及语言风格都相符，那么这个答案很可能是正确的。如果代入后感觉突兀或者与文章内容相矛盾，就需要重新思考答案。 典例解读 （一） （2024·全国·模拟预测）High school students dug deep into their studies this summer, participating in the Youth Leadership Program of Green Village Initiative (GVI) while also earning college credits from Housatonic Community College (HCC). The new and original partnership between the two organizations allowed students to earn four college credits in Biology and immerse themselves in the lively learning environment of GVI’s Reservoir Community Farm. Eight students, aged 14 — 18, participated in the strict eight-week program. For six days each week, students attended online learning while taking HCC’s Plants and Civilization Course. The farm served as an outdoor lab for the class, where students learned about the process of seed to table, food access and sustainability, food deserts, food justice and more. “Students learn better when they’re getting their hands dirty,” said Ofonime Udo-Okon, manager of GVI’s Youth Leadership Program. “HCC is setting an example as to what integrated learning can look like.” On Bridgeport’s only urban educational farm, the students, who all either live or attend school in Bridgeport, were transformed into young food leaders. Through their studies and hands-on instruction, each learned their role in the food system, and how to make a positive change. “I wanted to be in the program so I can give back to the community,” said Sariah Cohen, a 15-year-old sophomore at Bridgeport’s Central High School. “I like the practice that we provide the community with fresh, inexpensive food.” GVI’s Youth Leadership Program is rooted in food justice, addressing the reality that low-income people are severely impacted by food insecurity, poor access to nutritious food, and the resulting diet-related illnesses. The program teaches young people how to take action to remove food barriers and provide access to healthy produce for Bridgeport’s community. “GVI is a jewel in the city that can sustain our future,” said Robin Avant, HCC’s Dean of Academic Affairs. “Seeing the youth deeply embedded in soil is remarkable. As they grow crops, the students are growing their independent knowledge and experiences, while building agriculture sustainability plans that are critical to food justice.” 1．How does the partnership between GVI and HCC benefit the students? A．It offers students the chance to study abroad. B．It encourages cooperation among learners. C．It teaches students abundant knowledge about food insecurity. D．It combines online learning with hands-on experience. 2．What does the underlined sentence in paragraph 3 imply? A．Students prefer working the land to learning in class. B．Students need to wash their hands before entering the lab. C．Active engagement and real-life experience help learning. D．Working on a farm teaches students important life skills. 3．What is the main concern that GVI’s Youth Leadership Program aims to address? A．Discrimination against poor people. B．Uneven accessibility to healthy food. C．Research on nutrition-related issues. D．Income inequality among different jobs. 4．What is the last paragraph mainly about? A．The far-reaching impact of GVI. B．The commercial value of GVI. C．The rapid development of GVI. D．The extensive popularity of GVI. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．B 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是美国高中生通过Green Village Initiative与Housatonic社区大学合作项目，在学习生物学同时，成为青年食物领导者，促进社区食物正义的实践。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“The new and original partnership between the two organizations allowed students to earn four college credits in Biology and immerse themselves in the lively learning environment of GVI’s Reservoir Community Farm.(这两个组织之间新的和原始的合作伙伴关系使学生能够获得生物学的四个大学学分，并沉浸在GVI水库社区农场的生动学习环境中)”和第二段“For six days each week, students attended online learning while taking HCC’s Plants and Civilization Course.(每周有六天的时间，学生们一边在线学习，一边学习HCC的植物与文明课程)”可知，学生们既可以参加胡萨托尼克社区学院的在线学习课程，也能在GVI的农场进行亲身实践，这是二者合作对学生的好处。故选D项。 2．词句猜测题。根据第二段“The farm served as an outdoor lab for the class, where students learned about the process of seed to table, food access and sustainability, food deserts, food justice and more.(这个农场是这个班级的户外实验室，学生们在这里学习了从种子到餐桌的过程、食物的获取和可持续性、食物沙漠、食物正义等等)”可知，学生在农场这个户外实验室学到了很多课本外的内容。故此处的getting their hands dirty指的是学生们动手实践，暗示学生通过动手实践（在农场亲身实践的体验）学得更好，即这句话强调的是动手参与和真实的体验能够增强学习效果，而不应局限于课本上的知识，与C项（积极参与和真实的体验有助于学习）语义相近。故选C项。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段“GVI’s Youth Leadership Program is rooted in food justice, addressing the reality that low-income people are severely impacted by food insecurity, poor access to nutritious food, and the resulting diet-related illnesses.(GVI的青年领导力项目植根于粮食正义，旨在解决低收入人群受到粮食不安全、难以获得营养食品以及由此引发的饮食相关疾病严重影响的现实问题)”可知，该计划主要关注的是低收入群体获取健康食品的机会不均衡的问题。故选B项。 4．主旨大意题。根据最后一段““GVI is a jewel in the city that can sustain our future,” said Robin Avant, HCC’s Dean of Academic Affairs. “Seeing the youth deeply embedded in soil is remarkable. As they grow crops, the students are growing their independent knowledge and experiences, while building agriculture sustainability plans that are critical to food justice.”(“GVI是这座城市的一颗宝石，可以支撑我们的未来，”HCC教务处主任罗宾·阿万特说。“看到年轻人深深扎根于土壤中是非常了不起的。在种植作物的同时，学生们也在积累自己的独立知识和经验，同时制定对粮食公正至关重要的农业可持续发展计划。”)”可知，罗宾·阿文特提到了参加GVI的青年领导力计划的年轻人在农业实践中逐渐获得知识和经验，并指出他们正在构建对食品正义至关重要的农业可持续发展计划，可知，最后一段说明了GVI的意义和产生的深远影响。故选A项。 （二） （2024·甘肃平凉·模拟预测）It lasted just 24 seconds, but it’s an unforgettable moment that has caught hearts everywhere. During a basketball game at Zeeland East High School in Zeeland, Michigan, the crowd fell quiet, giving high school junior Jules Hoogland an opportunity to take a shot. Hoogland, who is blind, followed along as a woman tapped (轻敲) a yellow pole against the backboard and a teammate guided her to the perfect position. Thirteen seconds later, the 11th grader nailed a free throw and the silent audience erupted in roaring cheers and applause. Zeeland Public Schools shared the extraordinary moment, filmed by Brandy Navetta, the school district’s communications and marketing director on Twitter, along with the words, “You thought national basketball tournaments were infusive, but Zeeland Public Schools Unified Basketball took over the court this morning. And the crowd went wild!” Hoogland’s mom Karen said she was so proud of her achievement. She also praised the young students for their respect and sensitivity towards her daughter. Hoogland set a new record on what blind people can achieve and wanted this video to inspire all those who are facing challenges. “I’m hoping this video will inspire others to keep trying no matter what their challenges are,” she said. Students from both Zeeland East and Zeeland West High School witnessed Hoogland’s uplifting shot, part of an inclusive basketball game with zLinks. Nathan VandeGuchte, a special education teacher with Zeeland West, added that inclusive sports has made a significant impact on students at Zeeland schools since the zLinks program started. “It was so moving to see Hoogland hit that shot again in front of 2,500 people,” said Nathan. “The lens (视角) with which many of our special education students are viewed has now been forever changed. They know that they are important, and they recognize that they are contributing members of our student body!” 5．Why did the crowd go wild as Hoogland nailed a free throw? A．Because she couldn’t see. B．Because she was competitive. C．Because it was her first shot. D．Because it was the end of the game. 6．What does the underlined word “infusive” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Addictive. B．Puzzling. C．Informative. D．Exciting. 7．What message does Hoogland convey to us through her story? A．Dream big, dream early. B．Never fear to fight challenges. C．Interest is the best teacher. D．The more one does, the more one can do. 8．What can we infer about the special education students from Nathan’s words? A．They were usually overestimated. B．They got confidence from the program. C．They should be given more opportunities. D．They were eager to explore the unknown. 【答案】5．A 6．D 7．B 8．B 【导语】本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了特殊学校的学生Hoogland是一个盲人，在篮球比赛中投进了球，这创造了盲人所能取得的成就的新纪录。 5．细节理解题。根据第二段“Hoogland, who is blind, followed along as a woman tapped (轻敲) a yellow pole against the backboard and a teammate guided her to the perfect position. Thirteen seconds later, the 11th grader nailed a free throw and the silent audience erupted in roaring cheers and applause.(胡格兰是盲人，她跟着一名女子轻敲篮板上的一根黄色杆子，一名队友引导她到达完美的位置。十三秒后，这位十一年级学生罚球命中，沉默的观众爆发出欢呼声和掌声。)”可知，Hoogland是一个盲人，在她进了一次罚球后，观众欢呼起来，故选A。 6．词句猜测题。根据划线单词上文“Zeeland Public Schools shared the extraordinary moment, filmed by Brandy Navetta, the school district’s communications and marketing director on Twitter, along with the words(泽兰公立学校在 Twitter 上分享了由该学区传播和营销总监Brandy Navetta拍摄的这一非凡时刻，并附上以下文字：)”可知，Hoogland进球的这一非凡时刻被拍摄下来，由此可推知，这场全国篮球锦标赛令人兴奋，划线单词意为“令人兴奋的”，故选D。 7．推理判断题。根据第四段中“Hoogland set a new record on what blind people can achieve and wanted this video to inspire all those who are facing challenges. “I’m hoping this video will inspire others to keep trying no matter what their challenges are,” she said.(霍格兰创造了盲人所能取得的成就的新纪录，并希望这段视频能够激励所有面临挑战的人。“我希望这段视频能够激励其他人继续尝试，无论他们面临什么挑战，”她说。)”可推知，Hoogland通过她的故事向我们传递这样一个道理：永远不要害怕应对挑战，故选B。 8．推理判断题。根据最后一段中Nathan所说的“The lens (视角) with which many of our special education students are viewed has now been forever changed. They know that they are important, and they recognize that they are contributing members of our student body!(我们许多特殊教育学生观看的视角现在已经永远改变了。他们知道自己很重要，并且认识到自己是对我们学生团体做出贡献的成员！)”可推知，特殊教育的学生从zLinks这一项目中获得了自信，故选B。 （三） （24-25高三上·山东济南·期中）Elizabeth Keyton, originally from Georgia, the USA, married Arjun, a Malayali. She wanted to learn his mother tongue to strengthen their family bond. In the process, she created an Instagram page called “Elikutty” through which she now teaches Malayalam to thousands of people. “I always loved hearing people speak different languages, but when my mother from Serbia spoke Serbian at home, my father showed no interest in learning it, leaving frequent misunderstanding and communicating problems. That’s when I decided that if I met someone from a different culture, I would try to learn his language, which would be good for us and our family,” says Elizabeth to The Better India. “So when my relationship with Arjun started looking serious because of difficulties in communicating, I decided to learn Malayalam. However, I found that there weren’t enough resources to learn the language. Most books available were outdated or made for children. A small amount of material was often too difficult for casual (非正式的) language learners like me,” says the 35-year-old. “Later, I struggled to find a teacher suited to my needs and some grammar resources online.” As an English teacher, Elizabeth used her teaching skills to learn Malayalam. She wrote notes and made doodles (涂鸦) to learn the letters. “For me, the best way to learn is by explaining it to someone else, so I made an Instagram page in 2018 to share my notes and small drawings,” she says. Starting out with 1,000 followers in 2018, her Instagram page has over 70,000 followers today. She is pleased to make learning Malayalam fun and easy. “I have seen what happens when languages are ignored in my own house. My brother doesn’t know Serbian, which means his family won’t. It’s important to know English as it is a global language and helps when you go abroad, but the same respect should be given to native languages. They are the true way to a person’s heart.” says Elizabeth. 9．Why did Elizabeth decide to learn Malayalam? A．To build a foundation for her career. B．To improve her relationship with Arjun. C．To better communicate with her mother. D．To satisfy her interest in foreign languages. 10．What difficulty did Elizabeth meet during her learning? A．Rejection from her husband. B．Failure to find a native partner. C．Lack of suitable learning resources. D．Inability to find a professional teacher. 11．What was Elizabeth’s Instagram. page used to do at first? A．Collect learning tips. B．Assist her in self-study. C．Practice small drawings. D．Teach others Malayalam. 12．What is Elizabeth’s opinion on language learning? A．Using social media as the primary tool. B．Respecting our inner thinking at all times. C．Always putting the family’s common language first. D．Treating official languages and mother tongues equally. 【答案】9．B 10．C 11．B 12．D 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章叙述了Elizbeth Keyton，因为想更好地和丈夫沟通，她开始自学Malayalam，克服各种困难后，在Instagram上创建了一个教人学习Malayalam的页面。 9．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“She wanted to learn his mother tongue to strengthen their family bond.(她想学他的母语以加强他们的家庭纽带。)”和第三段“So when my relationship with Arjun started looking serious because of difficulties in communicating, I decided to learn Malayalam.(所以当我和Arjun的关系因为沟通困难而开始变得严肃时，我决定学习马来语。)”可知，Elizabeth学Malayalam是为了改善她与Arjun的关系。故选B。 10．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“However, I found that there weren’t enough resources to learn the language. Most books available were outdated or made for children.(然而，我发现学这门语言的资源不够。大多数可用的书籍要么过时要么是为儿童准备的。)” 可知，Elizbeth在学习过程中遇到的困难是缺乏合适的学习资源。故选C。 11．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“For me, the best way to learn is by explaining it to someone else, so I made an Instagram page in 2018 to share my notes and small drawings(对我来说，最好的学习方式就是向别人解释，所以我在2018年创建了一个Instagram页面来分享我的笔记和小画)”可知，一开始她的Instagram页面用于辅助她自学。故选B。 12．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“It’s important to know English as it is a global language and helps when you go abroad, but the same respect should be given to native languages.(了解英语很重要，因为它是一门全球语言，在你出国时很有帮助，但同样应该尊重母语)”可推知，Elizabeth认为官方语言和母语应该被同等对待。故选D。 真题再现 （一） （2023·全国·高考真题）Turning soil, pulling weeds, and harvesting cabbage sound like tough work for middle and high school kids. And at first it is, says Abby Jaramillo, who with another teacher started Urban Sprouts, a school garden program at four low-income schools. The program aims to help students develop science skills, environmental awareness, and healthy lifestyles. Jaramillo’s students live in neighborhoods where fresh food and green space are not easy to find and fast food restaurants outnumber grocery stores. “The kids literally come to school with bags of snacks and large bottles of soft drinks,” she says. “They come to us thinking vegetables are awful, dirt is awful, insects are awful.” Though some are initially scared of the insects and turned off by the dirt, most are eager to try something new. Urban Sprouts’ classes, at two middle schools and two high schools, include hands-on experiments such as soil testing, flower-and-seed dissection, tastings of fresh or dried produce, and work in the garden. Several times a year, students cook the vegetables they grow, and they occasionally make salads for their entire schools. Program evaluations show that kids eat more vegetables as a result of the classes. “We have students who say they went home and talked to their parents and now they’re eating differently,” Jaramillo says. She adds that the program’s benefits go beyond nutrition. Some students get so interested in gardening that they bring home seeds to start their own vegetable gardens. Besides, working in the garden seems to have a calming effect on Jaramillo’s special education students, many of whom have emotional control issues. “They get outside,” she says, “and they feel successful.” 13．What do we know about Abby Jaramillo? A．She used to be a health worker. B．She grew up in a low-income family. C．She owns a fast food restaurant. D．She is an initiator of Urban Sprouts. 14．What was a problem facing Jaramillo at the start of the program? A．The kids’ parents distrusted her. B．Students had little time for her classes. C．Some kids disliked garden work. D．There was no space for school gardens. 15．Which of the following best describes the impact of the program? A．Far-reaching. B．Predictable. C．Short-lived. D．Unidentifiable. 16．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Rescuing School Gardens B．Experiencing Country Life C．Growing Vegetable Lovers D．Changing Local Landscape 【答案】13．D 14．C 15．A 16．C 【导语】本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了Abby Jaramillo等老师在低收入学校发起的培养学生科学能力，环保意识以及健康生活方式的Urban Sprouts花园项目，让学生种植蔬菜，对学生影响深远。 13．细节理解题。根据第一段的“And at first it is, says Abby Jaramillo, who with another teacher started Urban Sprouts, a school garden program at four low-income schools.(起初是这样的，艾比·哈拉米洛说，她和另一位老师在四所低收入学校启动了“Urban Sprouts”学校花园项目。)”可知，艾比·哈拉米洛是Urban Sprouts的发起者。故选D。 14．推理判断题。根据第二段的“she says. “They come to us thinking vegetables are awful, dirt is awful, insects are awful.” Though some are initially scared of the insects and turned off by the dirt, most are eager to try something new.(她说。“他们来找我们，认为蔬菜很可怕，泥土很可怕，昆虫也很可怕。”虽然有些人一开始害怕昆虫，对泥土感到厌烦，但大多数人都渴望尝试新的东西。)”可知，项目之初，一些学生不喜欢园艺工作。故选C。 15．推理判断题。根据最后一段“She adds that the program’s benefits go beyond nutrition. Some students get so interested in gardening that they bring home seeds to start their own vegetable gardens. Besides, working in the garden seems to have a calming effect on Jaramillo’s special education students, many of whom have emotional control issues. “They get outside,” she says, “and they feel successful.”(她补充说，该计划的好处不仅仅是营养。有些学生对园艺非常感兴趣，他们带回家种子开始自己的菜园。此外，在花园里工作似乎对Jaramillo的特殊教育学生有镇静作用，他们中的许多人都有情绪控制问题。“他们走了出去，”她说，“他们觉得成功。”)”可知，这个项目不仅给学生提供了有营养的食物，而且许多学生回家开创了自己的菜园，对有情绪控制问题的学生也起到了镇静作用，从而推知，该项目的影响是深远的。故选A。 16．主旨大意题。根据第一段的“And at first it is, says Abby Jaramillo, who with another teacher started Urban Sprouts, a school garden program at four low-income schools. The program aims to help students develop science skills, environmental awareness, and healthy lifestyles.(起初是这样的，艾比·哈拉米洛说，她和另一位老师在四所低收入学校启动了“Urban Sprouts”学校花园项目。该项目旨在帮助学生培养科学技能、环保意识和健康的生活方式。)”和最后一段的“Some students get so interested in gardening that they bring home seeds to start their own vegetable gardens.(一些学生对园艺非常感兴趣，于是他们把种子带回家，开始种自己的菜园)”以及下文内容可知，文章主要讲述了Abby Jaramillo等老师在低收入学校发起的培养学生科学能力，环保意识以及健康生活方式的Urban Sprouts花园项目，让学生种植蔬菜，对学生影响深远。因此推断C项“蔬菜种植爱好者”符合文意，最适合作为本文标题。故选C。 （二） （2024·天津·高考真题）Our teacher, Miss Chevalier was a small woman, with a moon face, fatty fingers and curls that sprang straight up from her head, hence the funny name “Poodle (卷毛狗)”. She taught in our reading club. Sometimes she would look in and ask what we were reading — not to check but to know. That’s what happened the day my club was reading aloud a poem by Henry Longfellow. I guess I was better than the others, for Miss Chevalier asked a while later, “Addie, I was wondering if you would recite the whole poem to the Saturday evening’s club.” She said a famous professor was going to give a lecture about the poet, and a presentation of that poem would be a fresh way to start. She asked me to memorize it. “But that shouldn’t be a problem for a child of your ability,” she added. I’m telling you, my happy feet barely touched the ground all the way home. To me, that was the biggest thing ever and I soon learned the whole poem by heart, well prepared for our first rehearsal. I was desperately nervous when I went to her office the next day. But the good thing was she always had the smile that would make you feel like you just did something right. Halfway through the poem, Miss Chevalier stopped me and asked if I knew what “impetuous” meant. Despite her encouraging smile, I wanted to sink through the floor because I was unsure about its pronunciation as well as its meaning. Miss Chevalier pretended not to have noticed my red face and handed me a dictionary, asking me to read its definition aloud. “Impetuous has two definitions: rushing with great force or violence; acting suddenly, with little thought. ” She asked me which one fitted the poem. I read both definitions over again, trying to figure it out, but Miss Chevalier must have read my mind. “There is no wrong answer,” she said, “I want to know your opinion, Addie.” Hesitantly, I said, “Maybe… both.” She liked that. “One has to be impetuous both ways or they wouldn’t dare to face up to any challenge. Would you call yourself impetuous?” I knew she was asking for an opinion. “My mother thinks being impetuous for girls is improper, anyway.” She said my mom was somewhat right about that. “But girls should also be wise to take up challenges when needed. I believe you are such a girl.” After that, I would never call Miss Chevalier “Poodle” again. 17．Why was Addie asked to recite Longfellow’s poem to the Saturday evening’s club? A．To help with her performance. B．To get the attention of her classmates. C．To set an example for the rest of the class. D．To try a new way to warm up the coming lecture. 18．Why did Addie feel happy on her way home? A．An event was going to happen. B．She was fully ready for her first rehearsal. C．She gained recognition for her performance. D．She memorized the poem sooner than others. 19．What can be learned about Miss Chevalier’s personality from the way she treated Addie? A．Caring and considerate. B．Easygoing and carefree. C．Curious and open-minded. D．Disciplined and strong-willed. 20．How did Miss Chevalier succeed in making Addie truly understand the word “impetuous”? A．By asking Addie to define it in her own way. B．By interpreting the two definitions separately. C．By consulting the dictionary for its definitions. D．By linking its definitions to Addie’s situations. 21．What is the probable reason that Addie would never call Miss Chevalier “Poodle” again? A．She followed her mother’s advice. B．She made up her mind to be a polite girl. C．She was touched by Miss Chevalier’s trust. D．She felt Miss Chevalier’s teaching funny. 【答案】17．D 18．C 19．A 20．D 21．C 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了老师希望作者以诗歌朗诵的形式为周六晚上的演讲活动来暖场，排练时作者有一个词不懂，老师耐心引导作者理解，使作者逐渐领悟该词词义，作者很感动。 17．细节理解题。由第二段中“She said a famous professor was going to give a lecture about the poet, and a presentation of that poem would be a fresh way to start. (她说一位著名的教授要给这位诗人做讲座，而这首诗的演讲将是一个新的开始)”可知，老师谢瓦利埃小姐希望作者以诗歌朗诵的形式为周六晚上的演讲活动来暖场，D项“尝试一种新的方式来为即将到来的讲座热身”符合题意。故选D项。 18．推理判断题。由第三段中““But that shouldn’t be a problem for a child of your ability,” she added. (“但对于你这种能力的孩子来说，这应该不是问题，”她补充道)”可知，老师信任作者的朗诵能力，她感到非常高兴，C项“她的表现获得了认可”符合题意。故选C项。 19．推理判断题。由第四段中“But the good thing was she always had the smile that would make you feel like you just did something right. (但好的是，她总是面带微笑，让你觉得你做得对)”和第五段中“Despite her encouraging smile, I wanted to sink through the floor because I was unsure about its pronunciation as well as its meaning. Miss Chevalier pretended not to have noticed my red face and handed me a dictionary, asking me to read its definition aloud. (尽管她微笑着鼓励我，但我还是想沉下去，因为我不确定它的发音和含义。谢瓦利埃小姐假装没有注意到我的脸红，递给我一本词典，让我大声朗读它的定义)”可知，老师对作者很关爱和耐心指导。由此推知，老师是一个关心人和体贴的人。故选A项。 20．推理判断题。由第六段中““There is no wrong answer,” she said, “I want to know your opinion, Addie.”(“没有错误的答案，”她说，“我想知道你的意见，艾迪)”，第七段中“One has to be impetuous both ways or they wouldn’t dare to face up to any challenge. Would you call yourself impetuous? (一个人必须左右都冲动，否则他们不敢面对任何挑战。你会说自己冲动吗？)”， 第八段中“My mother thinks being impetuous for girls is improper, anyway. (不管怎样，我妈妈认为对女孩冲动是不合适的)” 和第九段“She said my mom was somewhat right about that. “But girls should also be wise to take up challenges when needed. I believe you are such a girl.”(她说我妈妈说得对。“但女孩们也应该明智地在需要时接受挑战。我相信你就是这样一个女孩。”)”可知，通过教师与作者对话的叙述，教师通过一系列问题把作者的成长背景和“impetuous”词义联系起来，使作者逐渐领悟该词词义，D项“把它的定义与艾迪的情况联系起来”符合题意。故选D项。 21．推理判断题。由第九段中“But girls should also be wise to take up challenges when needed. I believe you are such a girl. (但女孩们也应该明智地在需要时接受挑战。我相信你就是这样一个女孩)”可推知，老师的信任令作者感动，所以作者再也不会称谢瓦利埃小姐为“卷毛狗”。故选C项。 （三） （2021·浙江·高考真题）At the start of the 20th century, an American engineer named John Elfreth Watkins made predictions about life today. His predictions about slowing population growth, mobile phones and increasing height were close to the mark. But he was wrong in one prediction: that everybody would walk 10 miles a day. Today, in Australia, most children on average fall 2, 000 steps short of the physical activity they need to avoid being overweight. In the early 1970s, 40 per cent of children walked to school, while in 2010, it was as low as 15 percent. The decline is not because we have all become lazy. Families are pressed for time, many with both parents working to pay for their house, often working hours not of their choosing, living in car-dependent neighborhoods with limited public transport. The other side of the coin is equally a deprivation: for health and well-being, as well as lost opportunities (机会) for children to get to know their local surroundings. And for parents there are lost opportunities to walk and talk with their young scholar about their day. Most parents will have eagerly asked their child about their day, only to meet with a “good”, quickly followed by “I’m hungry”. This is also my experience as a mother. But somewhere over the daily walk more about my son’s day comes out. I hear him making sense of friendship and its limits. This is the unexpected and rare parental opportunity to hear more. Many primary schools support walking school-bus routes (路线), with days of regular,  parent-accompanied walks. Doing just one of these a few times a week is better than nothing. It can be tough to begin and takes a little planning-running shoes by the front door, lunches made the night before, umbrellas on rainy days and hats on hot ones-but it's certainly worth trying. 22．Why does the author mention Watkins' predictions in the first paragraph? A．To make comparisons. B．To introduce the topic. C．To support her argument. D．To provide examples. 23．What has caused the decrease in Australian children’s physical activity? A．Plain laziness. B．Health problems. C．Lack of time. D．Security concerns. 24．Why does the author find walking with her son worthwhile? A．She can get relaxed after work. B．She can keep physically fit. C．She can help with her son's study. D．She can know her son better. 【答案】22．B 23．C 24．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章通过否定沃特金斯的预言，进而提出现在人们时间的紧缺和陪伴的重要性。 22．推理判断题。通过文章第一段“At the start of the 20th century, an American engineer named John Elfreth Watkins made predictions about life today. His predictions about slowing population growth, mobile phones and increasing height were close to the mark. But he was wrong in one prediction: that everybody would walk 10 miles a day.(20世纪初，一位名叫约翰·埃尔弗雷特·沃特金斯的美国工程师对当今的生活做出了预测。他关于人口增长放缓、移动电话和身高增长的预测接近于现实。但他有一个预测是错误的：每个人每天都要走10英里。)”和第二段“Today, in Australia, most children on average fall 2, 000 steps short of the physical activity they need to avoid being overweight. In the early 1970s, 40 per cent of children walked to school, while in 2010, it was as low as 15 percent.(今天在澳大利亚，大多数孩子平均比避免超重所需的体力活动少了2000步。在上世纪70年代初，40%的孩子步行上学，而在2010年，这一比例降至15%)”可知，作者根据沃特金斯的预言做了相关调查，并且写下了这篇文章。通读全文得知作者在第一段提到沃特金斯的预言，是为了介绍文章主题。故选B项。 23．细节理解题。通过文章第三段中“ Families are pressed for time, many with both parents working to pay for their house, often working hours not of their choosing, living in car-dependent neighborhoods with limited public transport.(家庭时间紧迫，许多家庭的父母都在为房子买单而工作，工作时间往往不是他们自己选择的，他们住在公共交通有限的依赖汽车的社区。)”可知，导致澳大利亚儿童体育活动的减少的原因是时间不够。故选C项。 24．细节理解题。通过文章倒数第二段中“But somewhere over the daily walk more about my son’s day comes out. I hear him making sense of friendship and its limits. This is the unexpected and rare parental opportunity to hear more.(但是，在每天散步的某个地方，更多关于我儿子日常的事情出现了。我听到他在理解友谊及其局限性。这是一个意想不到的难得的家长可以听到更多的机会)”，说明作者觉得和儿子一起散步能让她更了解她的儿子。故选D项。 （2020·海南·高考真题）Pali Overnight Adventures offers children and teens exciting experiences this summer. From broadcasting to street art, these are just 4 of the 17 highly unique camps being offered. Broadcasting Camp Become the next star reporter, news writer, director or producer. While running every aspect of our own news station, kids and their fellow campers will create and host a broadcast airing each night at dinner for the entire camp. Every night it goes on the web, keeping parents and the world informed of the happenings at Pali. Secret Agent Camp In the movie Mission Impossible, Tom Cruise made being a secret agent seem like the coolest job ever. Campers who sign up for the 2-week secret agent camp can get to know about the life of real secret agents by learning strategies and military skills on the paintball field. Culinary Camp If your child enjoys being in the kitchen, then the culinary camp is definitely the right fit. Campers learn technical skills of roasting, frying and cutting, as well as some recipes that they can take home and share with their families. Street Art Camp This camp takes creative license to an entirely new level. Campers will share their colorful ideas and imagination with each other and work together to visualize, sketch and paint with non-traditional techniques to create the coolest mural which will be displayed in public for all to see. 25．How many camps does Pali Overnight Adventures offer this summer? A．2. B．4. C．17. D．21. 26．What will campers do at the Broadcasting Camp? A．Create a website. B．Run a news station. C．Meet a star reporter. D．Hold a dinner party. 27．Which camp will attract children who are interested in cooking? A．Broadcasting Camp. B．Secret Agent Camp. C．Culinary Camp D．Street Art Camp. 【答案】25．C 26．B 27．C 【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个不同类型的夏令营的情况。 25．细节理解题。根据第一段中“From broadcasting to street art, these are just 4 of the 17 highly unique camps being offered.”可知从广播到街头艺术，这只是17个非常独特的营地中的4个。由此可知，今年夏天巴利岛有17个露营地。故选C。 26．细节理解题。根据第一段中“While running every aspect of our own news station, kids and their fellow campers will create and host a broadcast airing each night at dinner for the entire camp.”可知在经营好我们自己的新闻电台的方方面面的同时，孩子们和他们的营员们将在每天晚上的晚餐时，为整个夏令营创作并主持播出一个广播。由此可知，营员在广播营会经营一家新闻电台。故选B。 27．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“If your child enjoys being in the kitchen, then the culinary camp is definitely the right fit. Campers learn technical skills of roasting, frying and cutting, as well as some recipes that they can take home and share with their families.”可知如果你的孩子喜欢呆在厨房里，那么烹饪夏令营绝对是最合适的选择。露营者学习烘焙、油炸和切菜的技术技能，以及一些他们可以带回家和家人分享的食谱。由此可知，Culinary Camp会吸引对烹饪感兴趣的孩子。故选C。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$