03 Unit 1 单元语法多题型综合练（省略）-2024-2025学年高一英语重难知识&题型精练(译林版2020必修第三册)

Unit 1 Natural disasters(译林版2020必修第三册) 单元语法多题型综合练（省略） Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．While (cross) the street, she ran into a car and her knees got badly hurt. 2．Now, if (compare) different languages, you notice that they have a lot in common. 3．In some Asian countries, it is polite to bow when (greet) others. 4．When (cross) the road, look both ways carefully. 5．Though (tire), he still kept working. 6．When (study), he is always very focused. 7．There are few mistakes in his composition, (if any). 8．Even if (invite), I wouldn’t go to attend the party. 9．When (take) photos during the match, please turn off your flash. 10．Even if (invite), I wouldn’t go to attend the party. 11．What we need do is (prepare) well for the exam. 12．The government plans to turn the city into a place where young people will choose to live rather than (leave). 13．Geothermal (地热的) power generation is one of our most stable renewable energy resource. All you have to do is (drill) (钻孔) deep enough and you will find hot rock. 14．Her job is to take care of the elders and (wash) their clothes. 15．Knowing some tips will help (sure) that you have an enjoyable meal with friends or family — no matter where you are in the world. 16．After some goodbyes, I asked George and his wife to help me (load) Tiffy into the plane. 17．A burst of laughter made him (straight) himself and look around. 18．The driver wanted to park his car near the roadside but was asked by the police not . 19．Rather than (cause)problems, he is going to help us. 20．Facebook is considering to make its website page (look) more beautiful. 21．The boss had her assistant (buy) some food for us. 22．All you have to do is (select)the photos of healthy food. 23．Since the money allowed to the two brothers is not enough for traveling, they can do nothing but (give up). 24．To my relief，the new medicine bought from Japan helped (relief) the pain of my brother’s injured leg. 25．I can’t help but (finish) the book based on a true story. 26．While (ask) to answer questions, please speak louder. 27．While (walk) along the street, I heard my name called. 28．When (reflection) on how far we humans have come from the prehistoric caves to modern technological advancements, you would feel the power of imagination. 29．The new product, when (compare) with the old one, shows significant improvements in design and functionality. 30．When (chat) online, you can find some abbreviations that are difficult to understand. Ⅱ.完成句子 1．Laura needs an app . 劳拉需要一个能帮她打折的应用程序。 2．Kart was offering a way for us to change our lives and . 卡特向我们提供了改变生活和实现梦想的方法。 3． The only thing you have to do is . 你唯一要做的事情是按按钮。 4．After the spaceship is launched, it goes into the right orbit. 宇宙飞船发射后, 我们首先要做的是确保它进入正确的轨道。 5． She wants to come but her parents won’t . 她想来，可是她父母不会允许的。 6．Don’t be taken in by products promising to make you quickly. 不要被承诺能让你快速减肥的产品所欺骗。 7．Furthermore, you’d better learn the history of the Tang Dynasty in advance, which can help you the poems to be learned. 此外，你最好提前了解一下唐朝的历史，这可以帮助你理解要学的诗歌。 8．Many farmers fertilize their crops in order to more quickly. 许多农民给庄稼施肥是为了使它们长得更快。 9． I don’t know America, but of country music, such as John Denver, can you’re here. 我显然不知道在美国乡村长大究竟是什么样子，但是乡村音乐大师们，比如约翰·丹佛，能让你觉得身临其境。 10．I asked him to see the film，but he didn't . 我叫他去看电影，但是他不想去。 11．You don’t have to tell me if you don’t want to tell me. (改写省略句) 12．Don’t go till I tell you to go. (用省略的方式改写句子) ___________________________________________________________________________ 13．She was determined to make her son’s dream a reality, despite all possible difficulties. （同义句转换） →She was determined to make her son’s dream , despite all possible difficulties. Ⅲ.翻译 1．如果有可能，事先告诉我们结果。（if的省略结构） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 2．昨天他什么都没做，就是待在家里看电视。（省略）_________________________________________________________________________________________ 3．这让我意识到茄子里面没有鸡蛋。 4．我的老师让我读这个故事。(主+谓+宾+宾补) 5．大多数父母让他们的孩子在周末补课。(SVOC) ( 1 / 3 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 1 Natural disasters(译林版2020必修第三册) 单元语法多题型综合练（省略） Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．While (cross) the street, she ran into a car and her knees got badly hurt. 【答案】crossing 【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：过马路时，她撞上了一辆汽车，膝盖受了重伤。while引导时间状语从句，主语为she，时态为过去进行时，谓语结构为was crossing，当从句主语和主句主语一致时，省略从句的主语和be动词，保留现在分词。故填crossing。 2．Now, if (compare) different languages, you notice that they have a lot in common. 【答案】comparing 【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：现在，如果你在比较不同的语言，你会注意到它们有很多共同点。根据所给动词compare和空格前的if可知，if引导的应该是条件状语从句；从句的主语与主句的主语一致，可以省略从句的主语和be动词。动词compare和主语之间是主动关系，用现在分词作状语。故填comparing。 3．In some Asian countries, it is polite to bow when (greet) others. 【答案】greeting 【详解】考查状语从句中的省略。句意：在一些亚洲国家，当向别人打招呼时鞠躬是有礼貌的。此处是when引导的时间状语从句的省略形式，当从句主语与主句主语一致且从句含有be动词时，可省略从句的主语和be动词，完整形式为“when one is greeting others”，所以此处应用greeting。故填greeting。 4．When (cross) the road, look both ways carefully. 【答案】crossing 【详解】考查状语从句的省略用法。句意：过马路时，要仔细看两边。分析句子可知，此处为状语从句的省略用法，当when引导的时间状语从句中，从句主语与主句主语一致(此句中从句主语为 you，被省略)，且从句谓语含有be动词时，可省略从句主语和be动词，完整表达为“When you are crossing...”，省略后为“When crossing...”。故填 crossing。 5．Though (tire), he still kept working. 【答案】tired 【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：他虽然累了，但还是继续工作。though 引导的状语从句中，从句主语 he 与主句主语一致，且谓语含有 be 动词，可省略 he was，“尽管累了” 用 Though tired。故填 tired。 6．When (study), he is always very focused. 【答案】studying 【详解】考查状语从句中的省略。句意：学习时，他总是很专注。该句为when引导的时间状语从句，其完整形式为“when he is studying”，由 when 引导的状语从句中，从句主语“he”与主句主语一致，且谓语含有 be 动词“is”，从句可省略“he is”。故填 studying。 7．There are few mistakes in his composition, (if any). 【答案】if any 【详解】考查省略和固定句型。句意：他的作文即使有错误，也很少。句子表示“他的作文即使有错误，也很少”，空格处意为“如果有的话”，是固定句型if any，是一种省略句，故填if any。 8．Even if (invite), I wouldn’t go to attend the party. 【答案】invited 【详解】考查时态，被动语态，主谓一致和省略。句意：即使被邀请，我也不会去参加聚会。even if引导的让步状语从句表示“即使我被邀请”，用一般现在时的被动语态，即even if I am invited，主句的主语和从句中的主语一致，且从句中有be动词时，可省略从句中的主语和be动词，即省略I am，因此空格处是invited。故填invited。 9．When (take) photos during the match, please turn off your flash. 【答案】taking 【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：在比赛期间拍照时，请关闭闪光灯。take photos意为“拍照”。当状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致时或从句主语为it时，可以省略状语从句的主语和系动词be。逗号后为祈使句，省略了主语you，故when引导的时间状语从句中省略了主语you和系动词are，故从句描述正在发生的动作，时态用现在进行时。本句中的时间状语从句完整句子应为“When you are taking photos”，省略主语you are后，保留现在分词形式。故填taking。 10．Even if (invite), I wouldn’t go to attend the party. 【答案】invited 【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：即使被邀请，我也不会去参加聚会的。在when, while, if, as if, though(或although), as, until, once, whether, unless, where等引导的状语从句中，常省略跟主句相同的主语和be动词；句中“Even if (invite)”是让步状语从句，原句为“Even if I was invited”，符合状语从句省略条件，省略I was后，保留过去分词invited。故填invited。 11．What we need do is (prepare) well for the exam. 【答案】prepare 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们需要做的就是为考试做好准备。此处说明主语的内容作表语，应用不定式，且前面有do后面省略to，故填prepare。 12．The government plans to turn the city into a place where young people will choose to live rather than (leave). 【答案】leave 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：政府计划将这座城市变成一个年轻人选择居住而不是离开的地方。本题考查短语rather than，意为“而不是”，用于连接并列成分，此处与 to live共用一个不定式符号to，用动词原形。故填leave。 13．Geothermal (地热的) power generation is one of our most stable renewable energy resource. All you have to do is (drill) (钻孔) deep enough and you will find hot rock. 【答案】drill 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：地热能发电是我们最稳定的可再生能源之一，你所要做的就是钻到足够深的地方，你就会发现炙热的岩石。此句是“all+主语+have to do is+动词原形”结构，表示“某人所要做的就是……”，主语部分有实义动词do的形式，作表语的不定式省略to，is后接动词原形。故填drill。 14．Her job is to take care of the elders and (wash) their clothes. 【答案】to wash/wash 【详解】考查不定式。句意：她的工作是照顾老人和洗他们的衣服。不定式作表语说明主语的内容，与take care of the elders并列，可以省略不定式符号。故填to wash或wash。 15．Knowing some tips will help (sure) that you have an enjoyable meal with friends or family — no matter where you are in the world. 【答案】ensure 【详解】考查动词和短语。句意：了解一些技巧将有助于确保你与朋友或家人一起享受愉快的晚餐，无论你在世界的哪个地方。help do sth.意思为：有助于做某事，空处之后that引导宾语从句，此处表示“确保”用动词ensure。故填ensure。 16．After some goodbyes, I asked George and his wife to help me (load) Tiffy into the plane. 【答案】to load/load 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：道别之后，我让乔治和他的妻子帮我把蒂菲送上飞机。help sb. (to) do sth.意思为：帮助某人做某事，空处缺少不定式作宾补，to可以省略。故填(to)load。 17．A burst of laughter made him (straight) himself and look around. 【答案】straighten 【详解】考查动词。句意：一阵笑声使他挺直了身子，环顾四周。设空处为made的宾语补足语，应用动词straighten的非谓语形式，him和动词straighten之间是主动关系，应用省略to的不定式结构作补足语，故填straighten。 18．The driver wanted to park his car near the roadside but was asked by the police not . 【答案】to 【详解】考查动词不定式。句意： 司机想把车停在路边，但警察要求他不要这样做。 根据句意可知，警察要求司机不要把车停在路边。ask sb. to do sth.“要求某人做某事”；be asked to do sth.“被要求做某事”。 but后的完整表达应该是the driver was asked by the police not to park his car near the roadside，其中的不定式作主补。为避免重复，题干中的空格处省略了动词不定式符号to后的内容。故填to。 19．Rather than (cause)problems, he is going to help us. 【答案】cause 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他不是要给我们制造麻烦，而是要帮助我们。连词rather than意为“而不是”，其后接动不定式，不定式可带to，也可不带to，但rather than位于句首时，只能接不带to的不定式，所以空处应填cause。故填cause。 20．Facebook is considering to make its website page (look) more beautiful. 【答案】look 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：脸书正在考虑让自己的网页看起来更漂亮。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中做宾语补足语，因空白处表示的是一个不确定的具体动作，应使用动词不定式，根据动词不定式的用法，当动词不定式在make等表示“使、让”含义的词后作宾语补足语的时候，省略动词不定式符号to，使用动词原形，故填look。 21．The boss had her assistant (buy) some food for us. 【答案】buy 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：老板让她的助手给我们买了些吃的。此处 have后用作宾语补足语的不定式必须省略to。故填buy。 22．All you have to do is (select)the photos of healthy food. 【答案】select 【详解】考查不定式to的省略。句意：你所要做的就是选择健康食品的照片。此处作表语，说明主语的内容应用不定式，且主语部分含有实义动词do的各种形式时，作表语的不定式可以省略to。故填select。 23．Since the money allowed to the two brothers is not enough for traveling, they can do nothing but (give up). 【答案】give up 【详解】考查不定式的省略。句意：由于给这两兄弟的钱不够旅行，他们只好放弃。can do nothing but do sth.除了做某事之外，别无选择。作介词 but, expect, besides 的宾语，前面又有实意动词 do 时，不定式通常省去 to。根据句意，故填give up。 24．To my relief，the new medicine bought from Japan helped (relief) the pain of my brother’s injured leg. 【答案】relieve 【详解】考查动词。句意：令我欣慰的是，从日本买的新药缓解了我弟弟受伤的腿的疼痛。此处表示“缓解”应用动词relieve，且上文为短语help do sth.。故填relieve。 25．I can’t help but (finish) the book based on a true story. 【答案】finish 【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：我只能根据一个真实的故事来完成这本书。固定结构：can’t help but do sth.“只得做某事”。故填finish。 26．While (ask) to answer questions, please speak louder. 【答案】asked 【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：在回答问题时，请大点声。本句为状语从句的省略，还原为：While you are asked。省略了you are。故填asked。 27．While (walk) along the street, I heard my name called. 【答案】walking 【详解】考查状语从句省略句。句意为：当我沿着街道走时，我听到有人叫我的名字。“当某人做某事时”用while引导时间状语从句，主句谓语heard用的是一般过去时，从句中需用过去进行时“was walking”。因从句主语与主句主语一致，且含有be动词，可省略从句中的主语和be动词。因此，空格处用现在分词形式。故填walking。 28．When (reflection) on how far we humans have come from the prehistoric caves to modern technological advancements, you would feel the power of imagination. 【答案】reflecting 【详解】考查非谓语动词、状语从句的省略。句意：当回顾人类从史前洞穴到现代科技进步的历程时，你会感受到想象力的力量。when引导的时间状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致，可以省略从句的主语和be动词，完整的从句是when you are reflecting on how far we humans have come from the prehistoric caves to modern technological advancements，省略了you are，空处需填现在分词形式。故填reflecting。 29．The new product, when (compare) with the old one, shows significant improvements in design and functionality. 【答案】compared 【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：新产品与旧产品相比，在设计和功能上都有很大的改进。此处是when引导的时间状语从句的省略，从句主语是The new product，和动词compare之间是被动关系，且句子是描述一个事实，故完整形式是when it is compared with the old one，当状语从句主语和主句主语一致且从句含有be动词时，可将从句的主语和be动词省略，故填compared。 30．When (chat) online, you can find some abbreviations that are difficult to understand. 【答案】chatting 【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：当你在网上聊天时，你可能会发现一些难以理解的缩写。当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致，且含有be动词时，可以省略从句中的主语和be动词。本句话中when引导时间状语从句，完整的句子为When you are chatting online, you can find some abbreviations that are difficult to understand.所以可以把从句中的主语you和are省略，剩下现在分词，作状语。故填chatting。 Ⅱ.完成句子 1．Laura needs an app . 劳拉需要一个能帮她打折的应用程序。 【答案】that will help her get discounts 【详解】考查定语从句。根据中文提示可知，句子用一般将来时，表示“一个能帮她打折的应用程序”应用an app that will help her get discounts，其中that will help her get discounts为定语从句，that为关系代词，指代先行词an app并在从句中作主语，get discounts为省略to的不定式，作宾补。故填that will help her get discounts。 2．Kart was offering a way for us to change our lives and . 卡特向我们提供了改变生活和实现梦想的方法。 【答案】achieve our dreams 【详解】考查动词短语。空处表示“实现梦想”，使用动词短语achieve one’s dream，本句中one’s使用代词our，dream用复数形式，空处是并列的动词不定式，省略to，使用动词原形，故填achieve our dreams。 3． The only thing you have to do is . 你唯一要做的事情是按按钮。 【答案】press the button 【详解】考查动词短语和省略句。根据中英文提示可知，需要翻译的部分是“按按钮”，press“按，压”，button“按钮”，所以按按钮to press the button，前有实义动词do，后部分可以省略to。故填press the button。 4．After the spaceship is launched, it goes into the right orbit. 宇宙飞船发射后, 我们首先要做的是确保它进入正确的轨道。 【答案】what we should do first is (to) make sure 【详解】考查主语从句、不定式和短语。引导主语从句，从句缺少宾语，指事物应用what；主语为we；表示“做”应用动词do，且should后跟动词原形；表示“确保”短语为make sure，此处为不定式作表语，说明主语的内容，可省略不定式符号to，前面的is表明用一般现在时，故填what we should do first is (to) make sure。 5． She wants to come but her parents won’t . 她想来，可是她父母不会允许的。 【答案】allow her to 【详解】考查省略句。根据中英文提示可知，需要翻译的部分是“不允许她来”，allow sb. to do表示“允许某人做某事”，根据句意，此处sb.指她，作宾语用her；当不定式表示和前文意思一致时，可以省略不定式后的内容，但要保留to，won’t后，用动词原形。故填allow her to。 6．Don’t be taken in by products promising to make you quickly. 不要被承诺能让你快速减肥的产品所欺骗。 【答案】 lose weight 【详解】考查动词短语。根据中英文提示，空处为lose weight“减肥”，make后接不带to的不定式作宾语补足语，故填lose weight。 7．Furthermore, you’d better learn the history of the Tang Dynasty in advance, which can help you the poems to be learned. 此外，你最好提前了解一下唐朝的历史，这可以帮助你理解要学的诗歌。 【答案】make sense of 【详解】考查固定短语。对比中英文可知设空处意思是“理解”，用固定短语make sense of，作help的宾语补足语，可以省略不定式to，故填make sense of。 8．Many farmers fertilize their crops in order to more quickly. 许多农民给庄稼施肥是为了使它们长得更快。 【答案】make them grow 【详解】考查动词。设空处意思是“使它们成长”，使用动词make，接在不定式短语in order to后，应用动词原形，“它们”用代词them，“成长”用grow，make后不定式作宾补，应省略不定式符号to，故填make them grow。 9． I don’t know America, but of country music, such as John Denver, can you’re here. 我显然不知道在美国乡村长大究竟是什么样子，但是乡村音乐大师们，比如约翰·丹佛，能让你觉得身临其境。 【答案】 Obviously what it’s truly like to grow up in rural the masters make you feel like 【详解】考查副词、宾语从句、名词和动词。根据句意，第一空应为副词作状语，表示“显然”应为obviously，位于句首，首字母需大写；第二空应为宾语从句，表示“某事怎么样”应为what sth. be like，根据句意，“在美国长大为”真正的主语，为平衡句子结构，所以该句中使用it作形式主语，不定式作真正主语，应为what it’s like to grow up，表示“究竟”转述为“真正地”应为truly，表示“在美国乡村”应为in rural America，所以第二空为what it’s truly like to grow up in rural；第三空为句子主语，表示“大师”应为the masters；第四空位于情态动词之后，使用动词原形，表示“让你觉得身临其境”应为make you feel like。故填①Obviously②what it’s truly like to grow up in rural③the masters④make you feel like。 10．I asked him to see the film，but he didn't . 我叫他去看电影，但是他不想去。 【答案】want to 【详解】考查不定式的省略。后半句的完整表达为：但是他不想去看电影（but he didn't want to see the film），want后的不定式内容to see the film与前半句中相同，可以省略，但要保留不定式符号to。故填want to。 11．You don’t have to tell me if you don’t want to tell me. (改写省略句) 【答案】You don’t have to tell me if you don’t want to. 【详解】考查动词不定式的省略。句意：如果你不想告诉我，你不必告诉我。有些动词（词组）例如want/wish/expect/hope/would like/try/forget等后面的动词不定式作宾语时，为了避免重复，动词不定式符号to后面的内容常常被省略。句中If引导条件状语从句中的tell me与主句中tell me成分结构相同，可以省略，保留不定式符号to即可。故答案为You don’t have to tell me if you don’t want to. 12．Don’t go till I tell you to go. (用省略的方式改写句子) 【答案】Don’t go till I tell you to. 【详解】考查省略。句意：我不叫你走，你就别走。tell sb.to do告诉某人做某事，动词后面的不定式内容是重复前面的内容时，to后的成份可以省略，转换为Don’t go till I tell you to.故答案为Don’t go till I tell you to。 13．She was determined to make her son’s dream a reality, despite all possible difficulties. （同义句转换） →She was determined to make her son’s dream , despite all possible difficulties. 【答案】come true 【详解】考查动词搭配及省略to的不定式。句意：尽管各种困难，她决定让她儿子的梦想成真。根据句意，空格处缺乏“成真”的意思，应使用短语come true，make sth. come true (使某事成真)，分析句子结构可知，该处是宾补，make后应使用省略to的不定式。故填come true。 Ⅲ.翻译 1．如果有可能，事先告诉我们结果。（if的省略结构） __________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】If possible, let us know the result in advance./If possible, tell us the result in advance. 【详解】考查时态，省略结构和短语。根据句意，用一般现在时，“如果有可能”用省略结构if possible，相当于if it is possible，“告诉我们”可译为let us know或者tell us，“结果”译为the result，“提前”译为in advance。故答案为If possible, let us know the result in advance./If possible, tell us the result in advance. 2．昨天他什么都没做，就是待在家里看电视。（省略）_________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Yesterday he did nothing but stay at home watching TV. 【详解】考查时态、省略、非谓语动词和固定短语。根据句意可知，句子陈述的是过去发生的事，应用一般过去时，“do nothing but do sth.”意为“除了……，什么也没做”，当but前面的句子中有实义动词“do/does/did”时，but后面省略不定式符号to，表示“昨天他什么都没做”应用“Yesterday he did nothing”，表示“就是待在家里看电视”应用“but stay at home watching TV”，“stay at home”意为“待在家里”，“watching TV”为现在分词短语作状语。故翻译为Yesterday he did nothing but stay at home watching TV. 3．这让我意识到茄子里面没有鸡蛋。 【答案】This made me realize that there's no egg in eggplant. 【详解】考查宾语从句和固定结构。本句为复合句，make“使，让”，后跟省略to的不定式作宾补，realize后跟宾语从句，从句中不缺少成分，且句意完整，故应用that引导，从句用there be句型，一般现在时；主句结合语境应用一般过去时。故翻译为This made me realize that there's no egg in eggplant. 4．我的老师让我读这个故事。(主+谓+宾+宾补) 【答案】My teacher made me read this story. 【详解】考查动词、名词和句子成分。分析句子可知，这里时态可用一般过去时。表示“我的老师”应用my teacher，在本句中作主语；表示“让”可用make，在本句中作谓语；表示“我”可用me，在本句中作宾语；表示“读这个故事”可用read this story，为省略to的不定式，在本句中作宾补。故翻译为My teacher made me read this story。 5．大多数父母让他们的孩子在周末补课。(SVOC) 【答案】Most parents make their children have extra/ additional/ more classes on weekend(s)./ Most parents ask their children to have extra/ additional/more classes on weekend(s). 【详解】考查句子结构和时态。根据汉语意思，大多数父母译为“most parents”，作主语，“让”用动词make，作谓语，描述客观事实，用一般现在时，他们的孩子作宾语译为“their children”，在周末补课译为“have extra/ additional/ more classes on weekend(s)”，作动词make的宾补，要用省略to的不定式结构；还可以用ask作谓语，宾补用不定式结构，构成ask sb to do的结构，故翻译为Most parents make their children have extra/ additional/ more classes on weekend(s)./ Most parents ask their children to have extra/ additional/more classes on weekend(s). 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