焦点 04 阅读理解之议论文-备战2025年中考英语新课标（核心素养）一轮复习之题型特训（江苏南通）

焦点04 阅读理解之议论文 备战2025年中考英语新课标（核心素养）一轮复习之题型特训 【基础题】 A Housing officials say that lately they are noticing something different: students seem to lack the will, and the skill, to deal with ordinary conflicts. “We have students who are mad at each other and they text each other in the same room,” says a teacher. “So many of our conflicts are because kids don’t know how to solve a problem by formal discussion.” And as any pop psychologist will tell you, bottled emotions lead to silent discontent (不满) that can boil over into frustration and anger. At the University of Florida, emotional conflicts occur about once a week, the university’s director of housing education says, “Over the past five years, roommate conflicts have increased. The students don’t have the person-to-person discussions and they don’t know how to handle them.” The problem is most dramatic among freshmen; housing professionals say they see improvement as students move toward graduation, but some never seem to improve, and they worry about how such students will deal with conflicts after college. Administrators guess that reliance on cell phones and the Internet may have made it easier for young people to avoid uncomfortable encounters. Why express anger in person when you can vent (发泄) in a text? “Things are posted on someone’s wall on Facebook like: Oh my roommate kept me up all night studying,” says Dana Pysz, an assistant director at the University of California, Los Angeles. “It’s a different way to express their conflict to each other, thus creating even more conflicts as complaints go public.” In recent focus groups at North Carolina State University, dorm residents said they would not even deal with noisy neighbors on their floor. Administrators point to parents who have fixed their children’s problems in their entire lives. Now in college, the children lack the skills to attend to even modest conflicts. Some parents continue to interfere (干涉) on campus. 1．What is the main reason for many roommate conflicts? A．Students are not good at reaching an agreement about the problems. B．Students are not satisfied with each other. C．Housing directors are not responsible for them. D．Students are not strong-willed. 2．What do we learn from the second paragraph? A．Students, especially freshmen, should bottle up their dissatisfaction. B．Students in Florida sit down and have a person-to-person talk once a week. C．Not all students are able to handle conflicts by the time they graduate. D．The number of conflicts among roommates has decreased in the past five years. 3．What is the attitude of Dana Pysz when he mentions roommates reveal their conflicts in the media? A．Disapproving. B．Indifferent. C．Supportive. D．Unclear. 4．What should parents do according to the passage? A．They should be involved in their children’s life on campus. B．They should deal with their children’s problems in their whole lives. C．They should constantly contact the administrators of the college. D．They should teach their children the skills to deal with the conflicts. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．A 4．D 【难度】0.85 【知识点】青少年问题、议论文 【导语】本文是议论文。文章讨论了学生似乎缺乏处理普通冲突的意愿和技能这一现象，分析了产生这一问题的原因，如依赖手机和互联网来避免面对面的交流、家长过度干涉孩子的生活导致孩子缺乏解决问题的能力等。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“So many of our conflicts are because kids don’t know how to solve a problem by formal discussion.”可知，很多同学之间的冲突是因为他们不善于通过正式讨论来达成一致。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“but some never seem to improve, and they worry about how such students will deal with conflicts after college.”可知，并不是所有学生在毕业时都能解决冲突。故选C。 3．观点态度题。根据第三段“It’s a different way to express their conflict to each other, thus creating even more conflicts as complaints go public.”可知，他对此是不赞同的。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据最后一段“parents who have fixed their children’s problems in their entire lives...Some parents continue to interfere (干涉) on campus.”可知，父母应该教会孩子处理冲突的技能。故选D。 B A sports star at the college where I worked recently came to my office. After making a few mistakes during a weekend match, she couldn’t stop blaming (责备) herself. She told me, “I’m in best condition, and I practice hard. How is this happening?” Many students, like this girl, believe that nights in the library and hours on the field should lead them to success. They believe that when they win, they feel powerful and smart. When they fail, they always can’t help thinking “it must be all my fault”. We often talk about young adults fighting against failure because their parents have protected them from being uncomfortable. But there is something else here. Parents sometimes wrongly promise their children, “you can achieve anything if you are willing to work for it.” However, they sometimes fail although they try their best. Then what can we do to help? Psychologists (心理学者) Luthar and Kumar believes, instead of allowing our kids to beat themselves up when things don’t go their way, we adults should help students go for success in healthier ways. We should teach them to regard failure as a natural part of learning. Parents and teachers are expected to spend time helping students to find purpose, or goals they really love to achieve, which may help them get greater life satisfaction. At Smith College where I teach, students are asked to find out how difficulties and missteps made them stronger or more powerful. The point is not to tell our kids not to make efforts or try their best. But that they can control everything is not really resilience (适应力). We should be wise to remind them that something unexpected always happens in our lives. 1．According to Paragraph 2, many students think ________. A．nothing can stop them but themselves B．effort is more important than ability C．they are sure to succeed if they work hard D．success is not always under control 2．The underlined word “something” in Paragraph 3 refers to ________. A．they don’t want to work hard for their goals B．they are taught how to deal with difficulties C．they have no ability to solve problems D．their parents lead them with a wrong message 3．According to psychologists Luthar and Kumar, parents and teachers should ________. A．help students learn from mistakes B．help find out the way to their work C．teach students how to avoid failure D．teach students to have higher dreams 4．The writer wrote the passage to ________. A．tell students not to fail all the way B．introduce some good ways to lower study stress C．encourage students to go for success in a proper way D．remind students to work hard for their life goals 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．A 4．C 【难度】0.85 【知识点】哲理感悟、青少年问题、教育、议论文 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，讨论了学生对于成功和失败的看法，以及父母和教育者如何帮助学生以更健康的方式面对失败，强调了教育学生正确看待失败和挑战的重要性。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“Many students, like this girl, believe that nights in the library and hours on the field should lead them to success. They believe that when they win, they feel powerful and smart.”可知，许多学生认为如果他们努力工作，他们一定会成功。故选C。 2．词义猜测题。根据第三段“But there is something else here. Parents sometimes wrongly promise their children, ‘you can achieve anything if you are willing to work for it.’”可知，但这里还有别的事情。根据前后文语境可知，something指的是父母给他们的错误信息。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段“Psychologists (心理学者) Luthar and Kumar believes, instead of allowing our kids to beat themselves up when things don’t go their way, we adults should help students go for success in healthier ways. We should teach them to regard failure as a natural part of learning.”可知，父母和老师应该帮助学生从错误中学习。故选A。 4．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“The point is not to tell our kids not to make efforts or try their best. But that they can control everything is not really resilience (适应力). We should be wise to remind them that something unexpected always happens in our lives.”可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是鼓励学生以正确的方式获得成功。故选C。 C It used to be that people would drink coffee or tea in the morning to pick them up and get them going for the day. Then cola drinks hit the market. With lots of caffeine and sugar, these drinks soon became the pick-me-up of choice for many adults and teenagers. Now drink companies are putting out so-called “energy drinks.” These drinks have the specific aim of giving tired customers more energy. One example of a popular energy drink is Red Bull. The company that puts out this drink has reported that Red Bull is not a thirst quencher (解渴饮料). Instead, the drink is meant to revitalize (使恢复生机) a tired customer’s body and mind. In order to do this, the makers of Red Bull, and other energy drinks, typically add vitamins and certain chemicals to their drinks. The added chemicals are like chemicals that the body naturally produces for energy. The vitamins, chemicals, caffeine, and sugar found in these drinks all seem to give a person energy. Health experts are not so sure, though. For one thing, there is not enough evidence (证据) to show that all of the vitamins added to energy drinks actually raise a person’s energy level. Another problem is that there are so many things in the drinks. Nobody knows for sure how all of the ingredients in energy drinks work together. Dr. Brent Bauer cautions (告诫) people about believing all the claims (申明) energy drinks make. He says, “It may be true if you put these twelve things together, you will get a good result.” However Dr. Bauer adds the mix of ingredients could also have a negative impact (负面影响) on the body “We just don’t know at this point,” he says. 1．Which of the following can be found in most energy drinks? ①Caffeine      ②Sugar        ③Vitamins      ④Thirst Chemicals A．①②③ B．①②④ C．①③④ D．②③④ 2．According to the passage, what makes it difficult for researchers to know if an energy drink gives people energy? A．The age of the customers. B．The number of ingredients. C．Natural chemicals in a person’s body. D．The company that makes the drinks. 3．What has Dr. Bauer probably researched? A．Drinks for teenage athletes. B．Vitamins and chemicals in the body. C．Countries where Red Bull is popular D．Habits of healthy and unhealthy adults. 4．What is the main idea of this passage? A．Red Bull is a good energy drink. B．Caffeine is bad for people to drink. C．Energy drinks may or may not work. D．Teenagers should not drink energy drinks. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．B 4．C 【难度】0.85 【知识点】健康饮食、议论文 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。关于功能型饮料并不一定会真的提供能量。 1．细节理解题。由第二段“The vitamins, chemicals, caffeine, and sugar found in these drinks all seem to give a person energy.”可知选项①②③包含在大部分功能饮料中，选项A符合。故选A。 2．推理判断题。由倒数第二段“Another problem is that there are so many things in the drinks. Nobody knows for sure how all of the ingredients in energy drinks work together.”可知功能饮料里的繁多的成分使研究者难以确认它是否能提供能量。选项B符合。故选B。 3．推理判断题。由最后一段“However Dr. Bauer adds the mix of ingredients... he says.”可推断Bauer博士研究过功能饮料中成分对身体的影响，选项B符合。故选B。 4．主旨大意题。综合全文可知，本文关于功能饮料的成分及是否能提供能量，但结论并不明确，选项C符合。故选C。 【提升题】 A Should Museum Entry Be Free? With International Museum Day coming up, today we are asking readers: Should museums be free or should people have to pay for a ticket? Let us know your view. Comments: Museums are not only there for enjoyment; they are education. This is why they must be free. While museums need a huge amount of money to operate, let the wealthy pay for it. The idea of a person or child interested in art not being able to view it because of cost is wrong. Krista Chen (US)— Age 15 Free entry does not attract people or encourage them to appreciate art. Generally, people respect things that are difficult or costly to get. Museums should require regular visitors to pay a fee, but provide free tickets as prizes for high-achieving students who can appreciate them more. Fred Smith (New Zealand)— Age 14 Museums teach people about their past. This is part of our shared culture that should be available to everyone, rich or poor. People should never be asked to pay an entrance fee. Rob Sanchez (Australia)—Age 17 There are no simple answers. Low ticket prices could help museums stay open. But companies and businessmen should also provide museums with more money and other support. They have a social responsibility too. Amber White (UK)—Age 16 I think museums and art galleries should all be free to the public. I do, however, think twice a year the museums should organize money-raising events to help pay for the cost of staying open. Li Mishao (China)—Age 15 1．How many readers support the idea of free museums? A．2. B．3. C．4. D．5. 2．Who suggests museums should regularly hold special events to collect money? A．Krista Chen. B．Fred Smith. C．Rob Sanchez. D．Li Mishao. 3．Why does Fred Smith believe that free tickets should be given to high-achieving students? A．Students will then study harder. B．Museums win attract more visitors. C．Museums can make themselves more famous. D．These students can better appreciate museums. 4．What can we know about the website? A．It’s quite a new website. B．It’s generally for young readers. C．It was started in Australia. D．It mainly discusses scientific topics. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．D 4．B 【难度】0.65 【知识点】议论文、意见/建议 【导语】本文主要介绍了几个来自不同国家的年轻人对关于博物馆是否应该免费开放的意见。 1．细节理解题。根据“Museums are not only there for enjoyment; they are education. This is why they must be free.”和“This is part of our shared culture that should be available to everyone, rich or poor. People should never be asked to pay an entrance fee.”以及“I think museums and art galleries should all be free to the public.”可知，有三个人赞同不要收费。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“I do, however, think twice a year the museums should organize money-raising events to help pay for the cost of staying open.”可知，Li Mishao提出的博物馆应该组织募捐活动。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“but provide free tickets as prizes for high-achieving students who can appreciate them more.”可知，Fred Smith认为给成绩优秀的学生免费票是因为他们能更好地欣赏博物馆。故选D。 4．推理判断题。根据图片里面的“YOUTH NEWS、School Life”和回答问题的学生的年龄可知，这个网站更多地针对青年读者。故选B。 B Which is more important in your mind, looking fashionable or feeling comfortable? You may find many people choose style over comfort and some even go to extremes (极端) to follow fashion. But we should remember: being fashionable isn’t everything. It’s more important to be healthy. Some people believe that they need to be a certain size to look good. So, they start extreme diets that are not good for their health. They might not eat meals or eat too little, which can make them feel sick. Is it a healthy way to live? Also, many girls wear shoes with very high heels (鞋跟). They might think high heels make them look taller. But these shoes can hurt their feet and make it hard to walk comfortably, and they can increase the risk of falls. Some even wear the clothes that influence blood circulation (循环) making it hard to breathe. Should we put fashion over comfort and physical health? Besides, some boys and girls spend a lot of time and money changing their hair colour. The material they use to change hair colours is usually harmful to their health. To make their hair straight or curly, they also use tools that are hot enough to burn their hair. But using these tools too often or at very high temperatures can make the hair dry or even burnt. Is it really worth it to risk our health, spending so much time and money? So, let’s think again: what’s really important? Is it fashion or is it our well-being? Remember, health comes first. Instead of following extreme diets, let’s eat properly and exercise every day. And instead of spending a lot of time choosing clothes, we could use the time to do fun things with friends. Clothes or hairstyles don’t tell us anything about a person’s character. Your value is not decided by your appearance, but by who you are as a person. 1．Which is the reason for some people to go on extreme diets? A．They want to save time. B．They need to save money. C．They expect to look good. D．They hope to stay healthy. 2．Why does the writer ask a question in each paragraph? A．To ask for help from readers. B．To describe problems more clearly. C．To tell how to spend time and money. D．To lead readers to think about the topic. 3．What does the underlined word “well-being” mean in the last paragraph? A．Growth. B．Health. C．Warmth. D．Wealth. 4．What’s the main idea of the passage? A．Being yourself is important. B．Choosing clothes is amazing. C．Looking good is wonderful. D．Eating healthily is necessary. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．B 4．A 【难度】0.65 【知识点】议论文、外貌与性格、身心健康 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要介绍了当今人们为了追求时尚过一种不健康的生活方式，个人的价值不是由你的外表决定的，而是由个人决定的，健康的生活才是最重要的。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“Some people believe that they need to be a certain size to look good. So, they start extreme diets that are not good for their health.”可知，有些人为了看起来好看，开始了极端的饮食。故选C。 2．推理判断题。根据第一段“It’s more important to be healthy.”以及每一段的问题可知，作者提出这些问题是为了引导读者思考“健康更重要”这个主题。故选D。 3．词句猜测题。根据第二段“Is it a healthy way to live?”第三段“Should we put fashion over comfort and physical health?”及第四段“Is it really worth it to risk our health, spending so much time and money?”可知，作者提出的每个观点都是围绕“健康”和“时尚”哪一个更重要，所以well-being指的是“健康”。故选B。 4．主旨大意题。根据“But we should remember: being fashionable isn’t everything. It’s more important to be healthy.”以及“Your value is not decided by your appearance, but by who you are as a person.”可知，个人的价值不是由你的外表决定的，而是由个人决定的，做自己很重要。故选A。 C Do you compare yourself to other people? Perhaps your best friend receives something you really want, or you’re not allowed to go to a concert but your brother or sister is. Even though comparisons are common and can sometimes be beneficial, focusing (专注) on your own progress is important for your happiness. “We often compare ourselves to others who are doing better or not as well as ourselves.” says Dr. Jack. “But I suggest comparing yourself to your past self and your future self. This can make you feel proud of what you’ve achieved and excited about what you might do. Focusing on your own purposes is more worthwhile than always trying to come out on top.” Comparing yourself to those around you is natural. It can help us to be clear about our achievements and to form friendships with people having similar interests. However, nobody is perfect in real life. It’s also important to realize how the comparison is making you feel. “If you begin to feel quite low, focus on your own strengths.” says Jack. In other words, you can ask yourself questions like “What can I do well in?”, which can help you trust yourself. Maybe here you are wondering “What if all my friends are better than me?”. Dr. White says that jealousy (妒忌) is not bad but focusing on bettering your own work can help you feel just as successful. He also mentions that learning to celebrate your friends’ success can not only help to cheer your friends up but also help you feel good. It will encourage you to build each other up. 1．What does the writer tell us in Paragraph 1? A．We should compare with others. B．We should share things with brothers. C．We should enjoy concerts with sisters. D．We should focus on our own progress. 2．Why should you compare yourself to your past self? A．To care about others. B．To change your purposes. C．To reduce the excitement. D．To be proud of your achievements. 3．According to the passage, when we start to feel bad, we should pay attention to ________. A．what we’re good at B．what we’ve understood C．what we’re crazy about D．what we’ve experienced 4．What does Dr. White suggest? A．Trusting your friends. B．Cheering on tiny success. C．Celebrating others’ success. D．Forming a deep friendship. 【答案】1．D 2．D 3．A 4．C 【难度】0.65 【知识点】议论文、意见/建议 【导语】本文主要讨论了人们常常将自己与他人进行比较的现象，并指出虽然比较是自然的，但专注于自己的进步更为重要。 1．细节理解题。根据“Even though comparisons are common and can sometimes be beneficial, focusing (专注) on your own progress is important for your happiness.”可知，作者在第一段告诉我们应该专注于自己的进步。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“But I suggest comparing yourself to your past self and your future self. This can make you feel proud of what you’ve achieved and excited about what you might do.”可知，你要把自己和过去的自己比较因为你可以为你的成就感到骄傲。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“‘If you begin to feel quite low, focus on your own strengths.’ says Jack. In other words, you can ask yourself questions like ‘What can I do well in?’, which can help you trust yourself.”可知，当我们开始感觉不好时，我们应该注意我们擅长什么。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据“He also mentions that learning to celebrate your friends’ success can not only help to cheer your friends up but also help you feel good. It will encourage you to build each other up.”可知，怀特医生建议庆祝他人的成功。故选C。 【拔高题】 A In recent years, self-care has become a popular topic across social media. However, many people find it difficult to truly receive the benefits. Why? Because we’ve lost touch with what it really means to take care of ourselves. Self-care is often seen as something grand and expensive only for special times or when life gets very stressful. Real self-care, however, doesn’t require a lot of money or time. It’s about finding simple, meaningful ways to check in with yourself regularly (定期地), even among your daily responsibilities. It could be taking five minutes to breathe deeply or having a cup of tea quietly. One of the most important aspects of self-care is the ability to be fully present in the moment. Imagine lying on the beach while checking emails or social media. The purpose might be to relax, but the reality is that your mind is still taking in information, leaving you feeling just as tired as before. Presence requires mindfulness—fully getting involved in the activity rather than focusing on what’s next on your to-do list. When you’re present, even simple acts of self-care become powerful tools for refreshment. The most effective self-care practices are often the simplest ones—those that can easily fit into your daily routine (日常事务). What matters most is consistency because it strengthens the habit of checking in with yourself and satisfying your needs in time. Consider the influence of just a few minutes each day on something that makes you feel good, such as enjoying a moment of silence during your lunch break or going for a short walk. These small acts, when practiced repeatedly, can have an increasing effect on your well-being. Practicing self-care, however, can be difficult. For some people, there’s always a voice that says, “There’s too much to do to waste time on self-care.” This inner voice makes us think that taking time for ourselves is selfish. Others may feel regretful for stepping away from their responsibilities, even for a short time. These inner blocks are an important reason why self-care can feel stressful. You should clear them and allow yourself to care for your physical and mental health without self-judgement. As you deal with the challenges of daily life, remember that self-care is a necessity. By focusing on presence and consistency and by dealing with the inner blocks that hold you back, you can unlock the true benefits of self-care. 1．Why does the writer use the example in Paragraph 3? A．To explain the purpose of self-care. B．To stress the importance of mindfulness. C．To introduce a common way of relaxation. D．To show the difficulty in fitting self-care into life. 2．What does the word “consistency” in Paragraph 4 most probably mean? A．Enjoying what you are doing. B．Finding out what you really need. C．Keeping a regular practice of an activity. D．Doing different things for your well-being. 3．Which of the following would the writer most probably agree with? A．We should put our responsibilities before self-care. B．We should avoid self-judgement while caring for ourselves. C．The more time we spend on self-care, the more effective it is. D．Practicing self-care when feeling stressed requires a lot of money. 4．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A．What Is Real Self-Care? B．Why Is Self-Care So Difficult? C．Self-Care: Common Practices in Daily Life. D．Self-Care: The Key to a Healthy and Happy Life. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 4．A 【难度】0.4 【知识点】科普知识、议论文、意见/建议 【导语】本文探讨了近年来流行的自我关怀话题，指出真正的自我关怀无需大量金钱和时间，强调了专注当下和保持规律性的重要性，还提及了人们在实践自我关怀时面临的内心阻碍及应对方法，旨在让人们理解并解锁自我关怀的真正益处。 1．推理判断题。根据第三段“One of the most important aspects of self-care is the ability to be fully present in the moment.”可知，作者举了在海滩上查看邮件或社交媒体的例子，是为了说明真正的自我关怀需要全身心投入当下，即强调专注当下的重要性，故选B。 2．词义猜测题。根据第四段“because it strengthens the habit of checking in with yourself and satisfying your needs in time” 可知，“consistency” 能加强自我审视和及时满足自身需求的习惯，也就是保持一种活动的规律性，故选 C。 3．细节理解题。根据最后一段“As you deal with the challenges of daily life, remember that self-care is a necessity. By focusing on presence and consistency and by dealing with the inner blocks that hold you back, you can unlock the true benefits of self-care.”可知，作者认为在照顾自己时应该避免自我评判，故选B。 4．主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了什么是真正的自我关怀，包括其含义、重要方面以及如何克服困难等，故选A。 B Reshi completed a 12-page children’s book, Alice and Sparkle, with the help of a chatbot called ChatGPT. A chatbot is a computer program that uses artificial intelligence (AI) to imitate human thinking and writing. The book’s text was produced using it, and Reshi created illustrations (插图) using another AI program, Midjourney, which uses special computation (计算) rules to translate words into images. When Reshi posted the book online, it became very popular with children. Some people praised Reshi for being clever. However, not everyone was happy. Some artists criticized the book. They said the pictures were of poor quality, and more importantly, the way the pictures were made was a big problem. Midjourney works by searching through millions of images on the internet. It uses algorithms to find patterns in these images and make new ones. The problem is, Midjourney takes images from artists’ work without asking for permission. Some companies have already started using AI instead of human workers. For example, an AI robot told jokes at a comedy club instead of a person. The San Francisco Ballet also used AI-created images for advertising a ballet show called The Nutcracker. Many artists and writers are worried about their jobs. They fear that if AI can create art and writing for less money, people may not pay them for their work. Josephine, a journalist who makes money from writing, says, “I love writing, but it’s troubling to see people looking for cheaper choices instead of supporting real human writers.” There is a real concern about protecting the work of artists and writers who could have their creations used by AI programs. The technology industry that develops these tools should involve artists in the process of making them. 1．The passage is most likely to be taken from a ________. A．newspaper B．science fiction C．storybook D．travel guide 2．What does the underlined word “algorithms” mean in Paragraph 3? A．Creative ideas. B．Millions of pictures. C．Useful tools. D． Computation rules. 3．In Paragraph 4, the writer shows the popularity of using AI by ________. A．listing numbers B．giving examples C．making comparisons D．showing opinions 4．What’s the writer’s attitude towards Reshi’s event? A．Supportive. B．Uncaring. C．Critical. D．Changeable. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．B 4．C 【难度】0.4 【知识点】科学技术、议论文、意见/建议 【导语】本文讨论了艺术家和作家对使用人工智能（AI）程序创作作品的担忧，特别是在Reshi使用AI程序完成儿童读物《Alice and Sparkle》的情况下。AI创作引发了对创意作品被未经授权使用以及对艺术家和作家生计的威胁的担忧。 1．推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文讨论了AI技术对创作行业的影响，并引用了多方观点，这种讨论性及广泛受众的特点，符合报纸报道风格，故选A。 2．词义猜测题。根据“Midjourney, which uses special computation (计算) rules to translate words into images.”可知， Midjourney，它使用特殊的计算规则将单词翻译成图像，结合“It uses algorithms to find patterns in these images and make new ones. ”可知，它就是用这种算法规则在这些图像中寻找模式，并制作新的图像，所以划线单词表示“运算规则”，故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“For example, an AI robot told jokes at a comedy club instead of a person. The San Francisco Ballet also used AI-created images for advertising a ballet show called The Nutcracker.”可知，作者是通过举例说明的，故选B。 4．观点态度题。根据“There is a real concern about protecting the work of artists and writers who could have their creations used by AI programs. The technology industry that develops these tools should involve artists in the process of making them.”以及作者在文中提及一些艺术家的批评并指出了技术对艺术行业可能的威胁，可知，作者对Reshi事件有批评的态度。故选C。 C “You’ll get square eyes!” my mother used to say as I sat for hour after hour glued to the TV. I didn’t pay any attention. Past-forward many years and now I’m the parent. My 5-year-old lives in a world where screens aren’t fixed pieces of furniture. You can’t even avoid them by going outside. Screens are not only in our pockets; they’ re everywhere. The concerns have grown with the screens. In the past ten years, we have heard that they will damage our mental health. Many of us feel more distracted (分心的) by them, feeling guiltier and more tired as a result. The apps and websites we can use on our phones have also caused widespread concern. Big tech companies are also good at making use of our need for social acceptance, catching us on likes and follower counts. Social media has created a culture of mass narcissism (自恋), which has led many to worry about the emotional stresses on teenagers. A quick online search brings up lots of papers linking screen use or social media with harmful effects on mental health, including anxiety and depression. Such statements are alarming. They are also widely believed, thanks to popular books like iGen by Jean Twenge, which claims that digital technology has destroyed a generation. Yet, Amy Orben at the University of Oxford, who studies the influence of digital technology and social media in particular on mental health, holds different views. She claims that the studying data can be used to tell different stories. She also pointed out the weakness in several large studies that showed correlations (相关性) between the use of devices with screens and depression in users. Twenge stands by her own finding, pointing in turn to what she considers downsides in Orben’s research methods. For David Max, at Royal College of Child Health in London, the effect of screen time and social media use on mental health remains speculative. “We cannot regard social media completely as good or bad,” says Davie. “We don’t know whether in many cases social media is not responsible,” he says. The growth of mobile phone use has changed our lives. I can download movies, write articles, communicate with my family and broadcast to the world all at the push of a button. Rather than place limits, we should take a look at our use of screens and ask how they fit with the activities and lifestyle. Every new technology with widespread influence has given rise to new fears. So, the best way may simply be to ask yourself what level of screen use makes you and those around you happy and try to stick to it. If you find you are unable to stop, don’t be anxious — and certainly don’t feel guilty. Nobody knows anything worth getting scared about. 1．According to the passage, people give likes and count followers to ________. A．share one’s lifestyles B．show respect for others C．search for social acceptance D．reduce emotional stresses 2．The underlined word “speculative” probably means “________”. A．questionable B．negative C．important D．deep 3．What can be learned from the passage? A．Teenagers are more influenced by screen use both physically and mentally. B．Big tech companies help to produce many research papers on mental health. C．Twenge mainly introduces the overall benefits of digital technology in her books. D．Orben believes it is too early to think screen use responsible for hurting a generation. 4．The passage is written to ________. A．encourage readers to reduce the time of screen use B．share different opinions on the effects of screen use C．lessen people’s concerns and worries about the use of screens D．explain why screen use may have some negative effects on people 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．D 4．C 【难度】0.4 【知识点】科普知识、议论文 【导语】本文探讨了屏幕使用对心理健康的影响，特别是社交媒体的影响，并缓解人们对屏幕使用的担忧。 1． 细节理解题。根据“Big tech companies are also good at making use of our need for social acceptance, catching us on likes and follower counts.”可知，人们给点赞和计算粉丝数是为了寻求社会认同。故选C。 2．词义猜测题。根据“We cannot regard social media completely as good or bad,”和“Rather than place limits, we should take a look at our use of screens and ask how they fit with the activities and lifestyle.”可知，目前对于屏幕时间和社交媒体使用对心理健康的影响仍是有疑问的，所以speculative在此处指的是“值得怀疑的”。故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据“which claims that digital technology has destroyed a generation...Amy Orben...holds different views. She claims that the studying data can be used to tell different stories.”可知，Orben认为目前的数据不足以证明屏幕使用对一代人造成了伤害。故选D。 4．主旨大意题。根据“Every new technology with widespread influence has given rise to new fears. So, the best way may simply be to ask yourself what level of screen use makes you and those around you happy and try to stick to it. If you find you are unable to stop, don’t be anxious — and certainly don’t feel guilty. Nobody knows anything worth getting scared about.”可知，每一项具有广泛影响力的新技术都引发了新的担忧。所以，最好的方法可能就是问问自己，什么程度的屏幕使用会让你和周围的人感到快乐，并努力坚持下去。如果你发现自己无法停止，不要焦虑，当然也不要感到内疚。没有人知道有什么值得害怕的。所以这篇文章的目的是缓解人们对屏幕使用的担忧，故选C。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 焦点04 阅读理解之议论文 备战2025年中考英语新课标（核心素养）一轮复习之题型特训 【基础题】 A Housing officials say that lately they are noticing something different: students seem to lack the will, and the skill, to deal with ordinary conflicts. “We have students who are mad at each other and they text each other in the same room,” says a teacher. “So many of our conflicts are because kids don’t know how to solve a problem by formal discussion.” And as any pop psychologist will tell you, bottled emotions lead to silent discontent (不满) that can boil over into frustration and anger. At the University of Florida, emotional conflicts occur about once a week, the university’s director of housing education says, “Over the past five years, roommate conflicts have increased. The students don’t have the person-to-person discussions and they don’t know how to handle them.” The problem is most dramatic among freshmen; housing professionals say they see improvement as students move toward graduation, but some never seem to improve, and they worry about how such students will deal with conflicts after college. Administrators guess that reliance on cell phones and the Internet may have made it easier for young people to avoid uncomfortable encounters. Why express anger in person when you can vent (发泄) in a text? “Things are posted on someone’s wall on Facebook like: Oh my roommate kept me up all night studying,” says Dana Pysz, an assistant director at the University of California, Los Angeles. “It’s a different way to express their conflict to each other, thus creating even more conflicts as complaints go public.” In recent focus groups at North Carolina State University, dorm residents said they would not even deal with noisy neighbors on their floor. Administrators point to parents who have fixed their children’s problems in their entire lives. Now in college, the children lack the skills to attend to even modest conflicts. Some parents continue to interfere (干涉) on campus. 1．What is the main reason for many roommate conflicts? A．Students are not good at reaching an agreement about the problems. B．Students are not satisfied with each other. C．Housing directors are not responsible for them. D．Students are not strong-willed. 2．What do we learn from the second paragraph? A．Students, especially freshmen, should bottle up their dissatisfaction. B．Students in Florida sit down and have a person-to-person talk once a week. C．Not all students are able to handle conflicts by the time they graduate. D．The number of conflicts among roommates has decreased in the past five years. 3．What is the attitude of Dana Pysz when he mentions roommates reveal their conflicts in the media? A．Disapproving. B．Indifferent. C．Supportive. D．Unclear. 4．What should parents do according to the passage? A．They should be involved in their children’s life on campus. B．They should deal with their children’s problems in their whole lives. C．They should constantly contact the administrators of the college. D．They should teach their children the skills to deal with the conflicts. B A sports star at the college where I worked recently came to my office. After making a few mistakes during a weekend match, she couldn’t stop blaming (责备) herself. She told me, “I’m in best condition, and I practice hard. How is this happening?” Many students, like this girl, believe that nights in the library and hours on the field should lead them to success. They believe that when they win, they feel powerful and smart. When they fail, they always can’t help thinking “it must be all my fault”. We often talk about young adults fighting against failure because their parents have protected them from being uncomfortable. But there is something else here. Parents sometimes wrongly promise their children, “you can achieve anything if you are willing to work for it.” However, they sometimes fail although they try their best. Then what can we do to help? Psychologists (心理学者) Luthar and Kumar believes, instead of allowing our kids to beat themselves up when things don’t go their way, we adults should help students go for success in healthier ways. We should teach them to regard failure as a natural part of learning. Parents and teachers are expected to spend time helping students to find purpose, or goals they really love to achieve, which may help them get greater life satisfaction. At Smith College where I teach, students are asked to find out how difficulties and missteps made them stronger or more powerful. The point is not to tell our kids not to make efforts or try their best. But that they can control everything is not really resilience (适应力). We should be wise to remind them that something unexpected always happens in our lives. 1．According to Paragraph 2, many students think ________. A．nothing can stop them but themselves B．effort is more important than ability C．they are sure to succeed if they work hard D．success is not always under control 2．The underlined word “something” in Paragraph 3 refers to ________. A．they don’t want to work hard for their goals B．they are taught how to deal with difficulties C．they have no ability to solve problems D．their parents lead them with a wrong message 3．According to psychologists Luthar and Kumar, parents and teachers should ________. A．help students learn from mistakes B．help find out the way to their work C．teach students how to avoid failure D．teach students to have higher dreams 4．The writer wrote the passage to ________. A．tell students not to fail all the way B．introduce some good ways to lower study stress C．encourage students to go for success in a proper way D．remind students to work hard for their life goals C It used to be that people would drink coffee or tea in the morning to pick them up and get them going for the day. Then cola drinks hit the market. With lots of caffeine and sugar, these drinks soon became the pick-me-up of choice for many adults and teenagers. Now drink companies are putting out so-called “energy drinks.” These drinks have the specific aim of giving tired customers more energy. One example of a popular energy drink is Red Bull. The company that puts out this drink has reported that Red Bull is not a thirst quencher (解渴饮料). Instead, the drink is meant to revitalize (使恢复生机) a tired customer’s body and mind. In order to do this, the makers of Red Bull, and other energy drinks, typically add vitamins and certain chemicals to their drinks. The added chemicals are like chemicals that the body naturally produces for energy. The vitamins, chemicals, caffeine, and sugar found in these drinks all seem to give a person energy. Health experts are not so sure, though. For one thing, there is not enough evidence (证据) to show that all of the vitamins added to energy drinks actually raise a person’s energy level. Another problem is that there are so many things in the drinks. Nobody knows for sure how all of the ingredients in energy drinks work together. Dr. Brent Bauer cautions (告诫) people about believing all the claims (申明) energy drinks make. He says, “It may be true if you put these twelve things together, you will get a good result.” However Dr. Bauer adds the mix of ingredients could also have a negative impact (负面影响) on the body “We just don’t know at this point,” he says. 1．Which of the following can be found in most energy drinks? ①Caffeine      ②Sugar        ③Vitamins      ④Thirst Chemicals A．①②③ B．①②④ C．①③④ D．②③④ 2．According to the passage, what makes it difficult for researchers to know if an energy drink gives people energy? A．The age of the customers. B．The number of ingredients. C．Natural chemicals in a person’s body. D．The company that makes the drinks. 3．What has Dr. Bauer probably researched? A．Drinks for teenage athletes. B．Vitamins and chemicals in the body. C．Countries where Red Bull is popular D．Habits of healthy and unhealthy adults. 4．What is the main idea of this passage? A．Red Bull is a good energy drink. B．Caffeine is bad for people to drink. C．Energy drinks may or may not work. D．Teenagers should not drink energy drinks. 【提升题】 A Should Museum Entry Be Free? With International Museum Day coming up, today we are asking readers: Should museums be free or should people have to pay for a ticket? Let us know your view. Comments: Museums are not only there for enjoyment; they are education. This is why they must be free. While museums need a huge amount of money to operate, let the wealthy pay for it. The idea of a person or child interested in art not being able to view it because of cost is wrong. Krista Chen (US)— Age 15 Free entry does not attract people or encourage them to appreciate art. Generally, people respect things that are difficult or costly to get. Museums should require regular visitors to pay a fee, but provide free tickets as prizes for high-achieving students who can appreciate them more. Fred Smith (New Zealand)— Age 14 Museums teach people about their past. This is part of our shared culture that should be available to everyone, rich or poor. People should never be asked to pay an entrance fee. Rob Sanchez (Australia)—Age 17 There are no simple answers. Low ticket prices could help museums stay open. But companies and businessmen should also provide museums with more money and other support. They have a social responsibility too. Amber White (UK)—Age 16 I think museums and art galleries should all be free to the public. I do, however, think twice a year the museums should organize money-raising events to help pay for the cost of staying open. Li Mishao (China)—Age 15 1．How many readers support the idea of free museums? A．2. B．3. C．4. D．5. 2．Who suggests museums should regularly hold special events to collect money? A．Krista Chen. B．Fred Smith. C．Rob Sanchez. D．Li Mishao. 3．Why does Fred Smith believe that free tickets should be given to high-achieving students? A．Students will then study harder. B．Museums win attract more visitors. C．Museums can make themselves more famous. D．These students can better appreciate museums. 4．What can we know about the website? A．It’s quite a new website. B．It’s generally for young readers. C．It was started in Australia. D．It mainly discusses scientific topics. B Which is more important in your mind, looking fashionable or feeling comfortable? You may find many people choose style over comfort and some even go to extremes (极端) to follow fashion. But we should remember: being fashionable isn’t everything. It’s more important to be healthy. Some people believe that they need to be a certain size to look good. So, they start extreme diets that are not good for their health. They might not eat meals or eat too little, which can make them feel sick. Is it a healthy way to live? Also, many girls wear shoes with very high heels (鞋跟). They might think high heels make them look taller. But these shoes can hurt their feet and make it hard to walk comfortably, and they can increase the risk of falls. Some even wear the clothes that influence blood circulation (循环) making it hard to breathe. Should we put fashion over comfort and physical health? Besides, some boys and girls spend a lot of time and money changing their hair colour. The material they use to change hair colours is usually harmful to their health. To make their hair straight or curly, they also use tools that are hot enough to burn their hair. But using these tools too often or at very high temperatures can make the hair dry or even burnt. Is it really worth it to risk our health, spending so much time and money? So, let’s think again: what’s really important? Is it fashion or is it our well-being? Remember, health comes first. Instead of following extreme diets, let’s eat properly and exercise every day. And instead of spending a lot of time choosing clothes, we could use the time to do fun things with friends. Clothes or hairstyles don’t tell us anything about a person’s character. Your value is not decided by your appearance, but by who you are as a person. 1．Which is the reason for some people to go on extreme diets? A．They want to save time. B．They need to save money. C．They expect to look good. D．They hope to stay healthy. 2．Why does the writer ask a question in each paragraph? A．To ask for help from readers. B．To describe problems more clearly. C．To tell how to spend time and money. D．To lead readers to think about the topic. 3．What does the underlined word “well-being” mean in the last paragraph? A．Growth. B．Health. C．Warmth. D．Wealth. 4．What’s the main idea of the passage? A．Being yourself is important. B．Choosing clothes is amazing. C．Looking good is wonderful. D．Eating healthily is necessary. C Do you compare yourself to other people? Perhaps your best friend receives something you really want, or you’re not allowed to go to a concert but your brother or sister is. Even though comparisons are common and can sometimes be beneficial, focusing (专注) on your own progress is important for your happiness. “We often compare ourselves to others who are doing better or not as well as ourselves.” says Dr. Jack. “But I suggest comparing yourself to your past self and your future self. This can make you feel proud of what you’ve achieved and excited about what you might do. Focusing on your own purposes is more worthwhile than always trying to come out on top.” Comparing yourself to those around you is natural. It can help us to be clear about our achievements and to form friendships with people having similar interests. However, nobody is perfect in real life. It’s also important to realize how the comparison is making you feel. “If you begin to feel quite low, focus on your own strengths.” says Jack. In other words, you can ask yourself questions like “What can I do well in?”, which can help you trust yourself. Maybe here you are wondering “What if all my friends are better than me?”. Dr. White says that jealousy (妒忌) is not bad but focusing on bettering your own work can help you feel just as successful. He also mentions that learning to celebrate your friends’ success can not only help to cheer your friends up but also help you feel good. It will encourage you to build each other up. 1．What does the writer tell us in Paragraph 1? A．We should compare with others. B．We should share things with brothers. C．We should enjoy concerts with sisters. D．We should focus on our own progress. 2．Why should you compare yourself to your past self? A．To care about others. B．To change your purposes. C．To reduce the excitement. D．To be proud of your achievements. 3．According to the passage, when we start to feel bad, we should pay attention to ________. A．what we’re good at B．what we’ve understood C．what we’re crazy about D．what we’ve experienced 4．What does Dr. White suggest? A．Trusting your friends. B．Cheering on tiny success. C．Celebrating others’ success. D．Forming a deep friendship. 【拔高题】 A In recent years, self-care has become a popular topic across social media. However, many people find it difficult to truly receive the benefits. Why? Because we’ve lost touch with what it really means to take care of ourselves. Self-care is often seen as something grand and expensive only for special times or when life gets very stressful. Real self-care, however, doesn’t require a lot of money or time. It’s about finding simple, meaningful ways to check in with yourself regularly (定期地), even among your daily responsibilities. It could be taking five minutes to breathe deeply or having a cup of tea quietly. One of the most important aspects of self-care is the ability to be fully present in the moment. Imagine lying on the beach while checking emails or social media. The purpose might be to relax, but the reality is that your mind is still taking in information, leaving you feeling just as tired as before. Presence requires mindfulness—fully getting involved in the activity rather than focusing on what’s next on your to-do list. When you’re present, even simple acts of self-care become powerful tools for refreshment. The most effective self-care practices are often the simplest ones—those that can easily fit into your daily routine (日常事务). What matters most is consistency because it strengthens the habit of checking in with yourself and satisfying your needs in time. Consider the influence of just a few minutes each day on something that makes you feel good, such as enjoying a moment of silence during your lunch break or going for a short walk. These small acts, when practiced repeatedly, can have an increasing effect on your well-being. Practicing self-care, however, can be difficult. For some people, there’s always a voice that says, “There’s too much to do to waste time on self-care.” This inner voice makes us think that taking time for ourselves is selfish. Others may feel regretful for stepping away from their responsibilities, even for a short time. These inner blocks are an important reason why self-care can feel stressful. You should clear them and allow yourself to care for your physical and mental health without self-judgement. As you deal with the challenges of daily life, remember that self-care is a necessity. By focusing on presence and consistency and by dealing with the inner blocks that hold you back, you can unlock the true benefits of self-care. 1．Why does the writer use the example in Paragraph 3? A．To explain the purpose of self-care. B．To stress the importance of mindfulness. C．To introduce a common way of relaxation. D．To show the difficulty in fitting self-care into life. 2．What does the word “consistency” in Paragraph 4 most probably mean? A．Enjoying what you are doing. B．Finding out what you really need. C．Keeping a regular practice of an activity. D．Doing different things for your well-being. 3．Which of the following would the writer most probably agree with? A．We should put our responsibilities before self-care. B．We should avoid self-judgement while caring for ourselves. C．The more time we spend on self-care, the more effective it is. D．Practicing self-care when feeling stressed requires a lot of money. 4．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A．What Is Real Self-Care? B．Why Is Self-Care So Difficult? C．Self-Care: Common Practices in Daily Life. D．Self-Care: The Key to a Healthy and Happy Life. B Reshi completed a 12-page children’s book, Alice and Sparkle, with the help of a chatbot called ChatGPT. A chatbot is a computer program that uses artificial intelligence (AI) to imitate human thinking and writing. The book’s text was produced using it, and Reshi created illustrations (插图) using another AI program, Midjourney, which uses special computation (计算) rules to translate words into images. When Reshi posted the book online, it became very popular with children. Some people praised Reshi for being clever. However, not everyone was happy. Some artists criticized the book. They said the pictures were of poor quality, and more importantly, the way the pictures were made was a big problem. Midjourney works by searching through millions of images on the internet. It uses algorithms to find patterns in these images and make new ones. The problem is, Midjourney takes images from artists’ work without asking for permission. Some companies have already started using AI instead of human workers. For example, an AI robot told jokes at a comedy club instead of a person. The San Francisco Ballet also used AI-created images for advertising a ballet show called The Nutcracker. Many artists and writers are worried about their jobs. They fear that if AI can create art and writing for less money, people may not pay them for their work. Josephine, a journalist who makes money from writing, says, “I love writing, but it’s troubling to see people looking for cheaper choices instead of supporting real human writers.” There is a real concern about protecting the work of artists and writers who could have their creations used by AI programs. The technology industry that develops these tools should involve artists in the process of making them. 1．The passage is most likely to be taken from a ________. A．newspaper B．science fiction C．storybook D．travel guide 2．What does the underlined word “algorithms” mean in Paragraph 3? A．Creative ideas. B．Millions of pictures. C．Useful tools. D． Computation rules. 3．In Paragraph 4, the writer shows the popularity of using AI by ________. A．listing numbers B．giving examples C．making comparisons D．showing opinions 4．What’s the writer’s attitude towards Reshi’s event? A．Supportive. B．Uncaring. C．Critical. D．Changeable. C “You’ll get square eyes!” my mother used to say as I sat for hour after hour glued to the TV. I didn’t pay any attention. Past-forward many years and now I’m the parent. My 5-year-old lives in a world where screens aren’t fixed pieces of furniture. You can’t even avoid them by going outside. Screens are not only in our pockets; they’ re everywhere. The concerns have grown with the screens. In the past ten years, we have heard that they will damage our mental health. Many of us feel more distracted (分心的) by them, feeling guiltier and more tired as a result. The apps and websites we can use on our phones have also caused widespread concern. Big tech companies are also good at making use of our need for social acceptance, catching us on likes and follower counts. Social media has created a culture of mass narcissism (自恋), which has led many to worry about the emotional stresses on teenagers. A quick online search brings up lots of papers linking screen use or social media with harmful effects on mental health, including anxiety and depression. Such statements are alarming. They are also widely believed, thanks to popular books like iGen by Jean Twenge, which claims that digital technology has destroyed a generation. Yet, Amy Orben at the University of Oxford, who studies the influence of digital technology and social media in particular on mental health, holds different views. She claims that the studying data can be used to tell different stories. She also pointed out the weakness in several large studies that showed correlations (相关性) between the use of devices with screens and depression in users. Twenge stands by her own finding, pointing in turn to what she considers downsides in Orben’s research methods. For David Max, at Royal College of Child Health in London, the effect of screen time and social media use on mental health remains speculative. “We cannot regard social media completely as good or bad,” says Davie. “We don’t know whether in many cases social media is not responsible,” he says. The growth of mobile phone use has changed our lives. I can download movies, write articles, communicate with my family and broadcast to the world all at the push of a button. Rather than place limits, we should take a look at our use of screens and ask how they fit with the activities and lifestyle. Every new technology with widespread influence has given rise to new fears. So, the best way may simply be to ask yourself what level of screen use makes you and those around you happy and try to stick to it. If you find you are unable to stop, don’t be anxious — and certainly don’t feel guilty. Nobody knows anything worth getting scared about. 1．According to the passage, people give likes and count followers to ________. A．share one’s lifestyles B．show respect for others C．search for social acceptance D．reduce emotional stresses 2．The underlined word “speculative” probably means “________”. A．questionable B．negative C．important D．deep 3．What can be learned from the passage? A．Teenagers are more influenced by screen use both physically and mentally. B．Big tech companies help to produce many research papers on mental health. C．Twenge mainly introduces the overall benefits of digital technology in her books. D．Orben believes it is too early to think screen use responsible for hurting a generation. 4．The passage is written to ________. A．encourage readers to reduce the time of screen use B．share different opinions on the effects of screen use C．lessen people’s concerns and worries about the use of screens D．explain why screen use may have some negative effects on people 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$