Module 1 Unit 1 Reading (3) 课件 2024-2025学年牛津上海版（试用本）八年级英语下册

UNIT 1 TREES Reading (3) 执教教师： Module 1 Nature and environment 初中英语学科（牛津版）八年级第二学期第一单元第一课 复制该页内容时，记得修改相关的数据——第X单元，第X课 1 本课时中，学生…… 通过对文本中部分句子的再理解、再分析，了解如living/alive的用法差异、make/keep常用结构与含义差别、as well as的用法等语言知识； 通过课堂翻译、补充对话等练习形式对上述语言知识加以运用。 2 教学目标 将教学设计中的“教学目标”粘贴在此。粘贴完后，记得用格式刷刷一下文字部分，保证字体、字号一致。或采用复制、粘贴，右下角出现一个粘贴的小图标（一个类似于文件夹的图表）后，单击该图标，选择“只保留文本”的方式，就能保证格式与原格式保持一致了。 2 Read for language 3 They’re the biggest and oldest living things on the Earth, Judy. Well, one and a half hectares of trees could produce enough oxygen to keep your whole class alive and healthy for a whole year. I’m glad to hear Simon is still alive and well. living + noun verb + object + alive link verb (be, stay, keep)+ alive 4.0例句 Now, please look at the two sentences. They’re the biggest and oldest living things on the Earth, Judy. In this sentence, living things refers to all the things that have life, like people, animals, birds, insects and plants, even bacteria, 细菌. Living means having life. In the second sentence, we have the word alive. What does the sentence mean? 唔，1.5公顷的树木所提供的氧气可以使你们全班同学保持一年的生命与健康。 Here, alive has the same meaning as living. 4.1例句 Let me show you one more sentence. I’m glad to hear Simon is still alive and well. Maybe the speaker once received some fake news that Simon was dead. 或许说话的人先前收到有关Simon去世的谣言，所以当他知道Simon还健在，也就是alive和well的时候，他很高兴。 Now let’s read these three sentences again. Although living and alive have the same meaning, can we use them in the same way? 4.2归纳1 From the first sentence, we can see when we use living, we commonly put it before nouns. 通常living用在名词前，修饰这个名词，作定语用。 4.3归纳2 From the third sentence, we can find alive is used after the verb be. 在第三句句子中，alive用于be动词之后，作表语。我们知道be动词是系动词。类似的用法还有stay、keep等。 4.4归纳3 From the second sentence, we can see that alive is used in the structure keep somebody alive, 表示“使……活着”的意思. So alive is also used as an object complement (/ˈkɒmplɪmnt/) after an object. 在这样的结构中，alive常置于被修饰的宾语后，表示宾语部分内容的状态，作宾语补足语。 Can you tell the differences between living and alive now? Let’s put them into practice! 3 Have a try 4 熊猫被称为自然界中的活化石（fossil） 。 河边的那棵古树还活着。 纯氧维持着那个病人的生命。 ➲ Task 1, 1—3 (Worksheet) Put the following sentences into English. 5.0翻译练习 Read the three sentences below and put them into English. Think about the uses of living and alive when you do that. You can also find these three sentences on your Worksheet. 【停顿2分钟（学生完成任务单1-3题）】 4 Lucas’s work ➲ Task 1, 1—3 (Worksheet) We call pandas living fossils in the nature. That old tree by the river is still alive. Pure oxygen keeps that patient alive. in nature They are enjoying the beauty of nature in the countryside. Pandas are called living fossils in nature. 6.0学生习题 Let’s take a look at Lucas’s answers. Number 1. We call pandas living fossils in the nature. 6.1圈画错误答案 Here, in the nature is a wrong expression. 6.2in nature When we express “在自然界中”, we usually say “in nature”. We seldom use the together with nature. 6.3例句 Let’s read one more sentence: They are enjoying the beauty of nature in the countryside. 他们正在郊外欣赏自然美景。 6.4改写 For the first sentence, we can also say ‘Pandas are called living fossils in nature.’ ‘Be called’ here means 被称为. For the next two sentences, Lucas did very well. In sentence 2, alive is predicative. In sentence 3, alive is the object compliment. 第2句中alive是句子的表语，而第3句alive则充当宾语补足语。 5 Read for language 6 Well, one and a half hectares of trees could produce enough oxygen to keep your whole class alive and healthy for a whole year. keep + n./pron. + adj. 使……处于（某种状态） They make streets more beautiful and less noisy, … make + n./pron. + adj. 使……变得…… The trees can then protect themselves by producing a chemical that makes their leaves taste nasty. make + n./pron. + v. 使/让……（做某事） 7.0例句 Let’s go on with more sentences from the text. Read the two sentences. Can you tell the difference in meaning between keep and make here? 【停顿10秒钟（学生思考）】 7.1归纳1 When we use keep with a noun or pronoun followed by an adjective, it means “使……处于（某种状态）”. 7.2归纳2 But for make, it means “使……变得……”. keep强调状态不变，而make则强调改变状态。 Now, let’s talk about the third example. What does “make their leaves taste tasty” mean? It means “使它们的叶子变得难吃”. 7.3归纳3 When you use a verb after make, use the bare form. make后跟动词要使用其原形，表示“使/让……（做某事）”的意思。 Remember these three tips and let’s put them into practice. 6 Have a try 7 要保持保持宠物狗的健康，我们可以经常遛溜它们，陪它们玩玩。 这则消息使他非常高兴。 ➲ Task 1, 4—7 (Worksheet) 他总是让我发笑。 这衣服我穿着显胖。 Put the following sentences into English. 8.0翻译练习 Read the four sentences below and put them into English. You can also find them on your Worksheet. 【停顿2分钟（学生完成任务单4-7题）】 7 Lucas’s work ➲ Task 1, 4—7 (Worksheet) To keep pet dogs healthy, we can often walk them and play with them. This piece of news makes him very happy. He always makes me laugh. I look fat in this dress. The news The dress makes me look fat. The trees can then protect themselves by producing a chemical that makes their leaves tastes nasty. We can keep pet dogs healthy by walking them and playing with them often. 9.0学生习题 Lucas did a good job this time. All his answers are correct. But we sometimes translate sentences in different ways. Let’s take the first sentence as an example. 9.1例句出现 Look at the sentence. What does ‘by doing something’ mean? Yes, it means 通过某种方式. 那么第一句句子是否也可以理解为“我们可以通过遛狗和陪它们玩耍的方式来保持狗的健康”呢？ Can you translate the sentence with by doing something? 9.2增补答案 So we can also say: We can keep pet dogs healthy by walking them and playing with them often. 9.3例句推出 This piece of news makes me happy. 9.4划线 For this piece of news … 9.5The news … we can also use the news for short. Let’s look at number 7. Lucas didn’t use make or keep. But the answer is correct. I give you a hint. Can you use make in the sentence? Someone students may say: This dress makes me fat. Is that right? This dress makes me fat means 这条裙子使我变胖. Is it possible? 9.6增补答案 Yes. It should: The dress makes me look fat. 8 Find the sentence 9 When Judy says that she enjoys breathing pure, cool air, what does Dr Ray say? Then you must thank trees for that too. (producing) pure, cool air thank … for + n./pron./v.-ing 为……而感谢…… The whole passage is not a complete interview. Can you use the structure thank … for … to start and end the interview? 10.0问题 Now, let’s go back to the text. When Judy says that she enjoys breathing pure, cool air, what is Dr Ray’s reply? Can you find it in the text? 【停顿10秒钟（学生寻找课文中的句子）】 10.1例句 Yes. She says, “Then you must thank trees for that too.” What does that refer to here? 10.2that的指代对象 Yes. Here, that refers to pure, cool air. If we think about the function of trees, that also refers to producing pure, cool air. 10.3归纳 We use “thank … for …” to express our thanks. It means 为……而感谢……. 在介词for的后面，陈述的是你感谢的原因，可以接名词、代词，使用动词时要使用它的-ing形式。 10.4要求 In the last class, we learned how Dr Ray and Lucy push the conversation forward. But, the interview is not a complete one. We need a beginning and an ending to the interview. Can you use thank … for … to start and end the interview? You have 30 seconds to think about it. 【停顿30秒（学生思考）】 To start the conversation, Judy must thank Dr Ray because she accepts her interview. 9 Have a try 10 JUDY Good morning, Dr Ray. Thank you for accepting my interview. DR RAY That’s all right. It’s my honour. JUDY That’s really a pity. We must take actions to save our pollution fighters. Thank you for your kindness, Dr Ray. DR RAY It’s my pleasure. 11.0空白 So the beginning of the interview may look like this: 11.1Beginning Good morning, Dr Ray. Thank you for accepting my interview. Dr Ray then shows her politeness. She says: That’s all right. It’s my honour. It’s my honour表示“荣幸之至”。 What do they say when the conversation is over? 11.2Ending Look. Judy first shows her regrets at the serious situation. Then she thanks Dr Ray again for accepting her interview, but she uses ‘your kindness’ here. Then Dr Ray shows her politeness again. She says: It’s my pleasure. 我的荣幸。 Have you got similar answers? 10 Find the sentence 11 When Dr Ray decides to go on talking about how trees cool the air, what does she say? Trees cool the air as well as clean it. A as well as B 除了（B）还（A）；不仅（B）而且（A） The stall sells books as well as newspapers. The film is moving as well as interesting. 12.0问题 Read your book again. When Dr Jay decides to go on talking about how trees cool the air, what does she say? Can you find it in the text? 【停顿10秒钟（学生寻找课文中的句子）】 12.1例句1 Yes. She says: Trees cool the air as well as clean it. Dr Ray stops talking about how trees clean the air. She wants to start a new topic. That is how trees cool the air. Which one does she emphasize, cleaning the air or cooling the air? 她强调的是cleaning the air还是cooling the air呢？ Yes. She wants to emphasize ‘cooling the air’ by saying this sentence. So, what does ‘as well as’ mean? 12.2归纳 as well as means 除了……还，不仅……而且，强调的通常是前者。所以在翻译的时候要特别注意。Let’s talk about more examples. 12.3例句2 What does it mean? 这个摊位除了卖报还卖书。 One more example! 12.4例句3 What does this sentence mean? 这部电影不仅有趣而且令人感动。 From these three examples, we can find the two parts before and after as well as are of the same type. 从上面的例子我们可以看出，as well as所连接的两个部分其成分和形式应该是一致的。第一个例子中，as well as连接的是两个动词短语而且形式相同，第二句连接的是两个名词，而第三句中连接的是两个形容词。所以我们要特别注意在使用as well as的时前后两个部分的成分和形式要保持一致。 Can you use as well as to make sentences now? 11 Have a try 12 他不但会说英语，还会说法语。 她与我同甘共苦。 ➲ Task 1, 8—11 (Worksheet) 中国的天气和加拿大一样，随季节而变化。 不仅同学们，连他们的班主任也喜欢这首新歌。 Put the following sentences into English. 13.0翻译练习 Read the four sentences below and put them into English. You can also find them on your Worksheet. 【停顿2分钟（学生完成任务单8-11题）】 12 Lucas’s work ➲ Task 1, 8—11 (Worksheet) He can speak French as well as English. She shares happiness as well as difficulties with me. The weather changes with seasons in China as well as in Canada. The class teacher as well as his students like this new song. shares difficulties as well as happiness from season to season likes 14.0学生习题 Let’s look at Lucas’s answers. There are some mistakes. Check your answers with Lucas together. For number 8, Lucas has got the correct answer. For number 9, we must pay attention to the Chinese 同甘共苦. 同甘共苦中强调的是“甘”还是“苦”，分享的不仅是“甜”而且是“苦”。 14.1圈画错误 So we should change ‘shares happiness as well as difficulties” … 14.2答案修正 … into shares difficulties as well as happiness. For number 10, Lucas’s answer is also correct. 14.3划线 But for this part, ‘with seasons’ … 14.4答案参考 … we can also use ‘from season to season’. This shows the seasons change. Now, let’s move to number 11. Has Lucas got the correct answer? 14.5圈画错误 Do you still remember I told you when we use as well as, we emphasize the part before it. The class teacher is a singular noun. So, can we use like here? 14.6答案修正 We should use “likes”. 我们需要注意：当as well as使用在主语部分时，谓语动词的数要有as well as前的主语决定。因为The class teacher是单数，所以谓语动词要使用第三人称单数。 Today we have talked about some key vocabulary items and structures. Have you taken the notes down? Remember to review the notes before you do your homework. 13 第三课时Homework sheet（阅读：Pollution fighters 3） Complete the sentences with proper prepositions. Then put the sentences marked with ‘«’ into Chinese. Complete the sentences with proper expressions in the box. *Put the given sentences into English. 14 Homework 15.0作业 Let’s see today’s homework. 所有需要完成的作业内容都已经列明在下发的Homework sheet上。今天的作业都需要完成在作业单上。第一部分是用适当的介词完成句子，并将带星号的句子翻译成中文。第二部分是选择适当的短语并用其正确形式完成句子。上面两个部分中的介词用法和短语在课文中都有出现，希望同学们能通过上下文的阅读弄清其用法，并在作业中予以巩固。第三部分是另一些中译英的练习，将进一步帮助你巩固今天这堂课所学的内容。 This is the end of today’s class. See you next time. 14 $$