2025年人教版中考英语一轮复习第四讲学案

英语学科讲义 学员编号： 年 级：九年级 课 时 数： 2 学员姓名: 辅导科目：英语 学科教师： Jack（章老师） 授课类型 中考知识和题型讲解 专题 能力 ( 学习目标：1.掌握议论文阅读的阅读技巧 2.学习一般将来时和现在完成时 3. 以浙江单拼中考题为文本，掌握中考常考单词 ) ( 议论文的阅读技巧 )（大脑放电影~） 阅读 英语 议论文技巧 议论文也就是说理性的文章，一般由论点、论据和论证过程组成。议论文都要提出论题、观点、提供充分的证据(evidence)，使用一定的逻辑方法证明观点或得出结论。 Finding a subject 寻找题材 An arguement subject must be arguableg—that is, reasonable people will disagree over it and be able to support their positions with evidence. 一个议论文的题材必须有辩论的余地，也就是说，理性的人会对题材持不同的意见并能够用论据支持他们的立场。 Conceiving a thesis statement 构思 The thesis is the main idea of your paper. In an argument the thesis statement makes the claim that you want your readers to accept or act on. 论点是文章的主要观点。在议论文中，论点陈述句做出论断，请读者接受论断或采取行动。 Analyzing your purpose and your audience 分析写作目的和读者 Your purpose in argument is, broadly, to engage readers in order to convince them of your position or persuade them to act. 议论文的目的一般是要使读者信服你的立场或说服他们采取行动。 Using reason 使用推理 As a writer of argument, you seek to provide evidence for your claims and clear reasoning about the relationship of evidence and claims. 议论文作者，应当对其论点进行推理论证，需提供论证方法，说明论据是如何支撑观点的。” ( 课堂检测 )（你都掌握了没有呢~~~） 例题： Home Forum Blogs Feedback I'm in trouble. Last week, we had a football match, and we lost. We played well, but one teammate didn't do his best, I think. It was like he wasn't even on the court! Disappointed by his behaviour, I said all this to my best friend. But he told everyone else what I'd said. I'm really angry with my friend— what should I say to him? And should I say anything at all to my teammate? Reply There is an old American saying, "Loose lips sink ships. "This means that if you speak too much about something, especially to people who you don't know so well, it'll cause all kinds of trouble. Maybe now you're in this situation. Forget all these unhappy things. Like 13 Reply Perhaps most importantly, think about your own behaviour. When filled with anger, you would say whatever comes to your mind. You might hurt others. Take a deep breath, calm down, and always remember: think first, speak later. Like 11 Reply In my view（观点）, you should do what your parents ask. They're much older than you and you should respect them. It's their house you live in and their money you spend! Like 10 Reply Here's what you need to do. First, apologise to your teammate. Have a chat with him, and tell him directly and honestly that you were talking without thinking. Then tell your friend you're angry with him for repeating what you said and making the situation worse, but you hope your friendship will move on. Like 10 （ ）1. Tony posted his problems on the forum in order to ________________. A. discuss the match B. show football skills C. get help from others D. catch his teammate's attention （ ）2. Which is Lingling's view according to the text? A. It's polite of you to apologise in time. B. It's important to ask your parents for help. C. It's necessary to say whatever comes to your mind. D. It's helpful to keep calm when you're angry. （ ）3. Whose reply is not relevant（关联）to Tony's problems? A. Betty's. B. Lingling's. C. Ms Li's. D. Daming's. If we want to grow as people, we can't just depend on our own evaluation（评价）of how we're doing. We also need to know what other people think about our performance. Receiving feedback（反馈）from others can help us see the larger picture and show us a way forward to success. However, someone has to give that feedback, and sometimes, that someone will be you. How should you deal with this? First things first—if you notice a situation in which some feedback would be helpful, give it as soon as you can. If you wait until the matter disappears from the person's mind. they might not understand what you're trying to tell them. Take the person to a safe, comfortable place and offer your advice in private. When you're giving feedback, it's important to keep in mind that no one likes to be told they're doing a bad job. Make sure you give an equal（相等的）amount of good feedback to balance out（平衡）anything bad. Like the saying goes, "A spoonful of sugar helps the medicine go down. All good feedback shares something in common. First, it should help achieve a goal. It's less useful to tell your friends that their dish tastes "interesting" than it is to suggest adding a little salt. Feedback should also look toward the future. You can't change what's already happened, but you can prevent it from happening again. Tell your friends they should take more notes in class instead of talking about how they should have studied harder for the big history exam they failed. Finally, don't think your suggestion is the only correct way to deal with a situation. You might even end up with some feedback on your feedback. Don't take it personally--it can only help you give better advice next time （ ）1. What does the underlined word "this" in Paragraph probably mean? A. Seeing the picture. B. Giving feedback C. Receiving feedback. D. Showing a way to success （ ）2. Why is it important to give feedback in time according to Paragraph 2? A. You might forget to tell the person later on. B. Perhaps the person wants the feedback right away. C. Maybe the person needs time to understand your advice D. If you wait to long, the person might forget what's happened. （ ）3. What can we infer（推断）from the underlined saying in Paragraph 3? A. It's helpful to keep on giving bad feedback. B. It's difficult to do a good job all the time. C. It's better to balance good and bad feedback. D. It's important to think twice before giving feedback. （ ）4. The passage is mainly about_________________. A. what characters good feedback includes B. how people should give feedback properly C. the differences between good and bad feedback D. the importance of giving and receiving feedback For as long as we can remember, one of the most popular ways parents use to punish their children has been the "time out". It seems that it is a good idea: the child sits on his own to reflect（反思）on what he has done. Then, when the time is up, he will apologize and learn from the mistake. However, just because it's something that's been done for years, that doesn't mean it is the right thing to do. In fact, very often, children don't sit nicely and think about what they've done. Instead, they need to be told a few (or many) times to go back to their places and stay quiet. They're not reflecting on why they are in the "time out" at all. More likely than not, they're probably just really angry, and 'so' are the parents. In the end, both the parents and the children make each other unhappy, or even angry. What can parents do to change this situation? You may have already heard of things like peaceful parenting（育儿）and gentle parenting. These focus on the relationship between parent and child through building trust and love. So, instead of starting a "time out", try something called "time in". A "time in" needs both parent and child to stay close until both get calm. After that, the parent, and child can discuss what happened and solve the problem together. If the child can make changes, everyone can then move on. As we all know, punishment and violence（暴力）seldom work and will never teach the. children what the right way to act is. A "time in" can be the great time for the children to learn through mistakes, Kids learn how to build their emotional and social skills through difficult situations. So, instead of punishing them for acting their age, we can use chances to teach and guide them to a place of learning. A "time in" may take more time, but it does work. （ ）11. During a "time out", a child is told to ____________________. A. stay outside B. make a promise C. sit alone and reflect D. return to school （ ）2. In the writer's opinion, a "time out" ___________________. A. is becoming more popular B. doesn't always work C. should be parents' first choice D. takes too much time （ ）3. When a child has done something wrong, the writer suggests that ______________. A. both teachers and parents discuss how to solve the problem B. parents try something called "time in" instead of "time out" C. the child say sorry to his or her parents and learn from mistakes D. the child stay at home and reflect until he never makes mistakes （ ）4. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage? A. Why not "time in"? B. Learn from mistakes C. "Time out" or "time in"? D. No violence at home! ( 单拼做题技巧巧 )（总结一下你的收获吧~ ） 1. 多积累平时练习中的单拼题和阅读理解中反复出现的中考高频词汇 2. 掌握记忆单词拼写和中文意思的记忆方法 3. 从已知词汇出发，推测整句话的意思进而决定填哪个单词 4. 在填词时要注意单词的形式是否需要变化 ( 课堂检测 )（大脑放电影~） 根据下列句子及所给的首字母，在答题纸上按题号写出各单词的正确，完全形式（每空仅限一词）。 1. Trees turn green and flowers come out in s_________. 2. Betty wants to j__________ the Chinese club to improve her Putonghua. 3. November is the e_________ month of a year. 4. F_________, the soldiers arrived at the village after a few days’ long walk. 5. I’m so tired and t_______ . Could you get me some water ? 6. Most people agree that eating fruits and v_________ is good for health . 7. There was a big fire in the office yesterday. L_________, all the people were saved. 8. It’s i for us to eat a balanced diet. 9. It is very important to get e sleep every day to keep healthy. 10. My grandfather went to the dentist and had two bad t pulled out. 11. Could you give us some a on how to learn English well? ( 语法知识 )（你都掌握了没有呢~~~） 一般将来时 1. 结构 结构1： 肯定句式：主语+助动词will+动词原形+其他 否定句式：主语+助动词will+动词原形+not+其他 一般疑问句式：助动词Will+主语+动词原形+其他 简单回答：在口语中，will在名词或代词后常缩为’ll，wii not常简缩为won’t。 在疑问句中，主语为第一人称时（I和we）时，常用助动词shall。 例如：She’ll go to play basketball. Shall we go to the zoo? 结构2： 肯定句式：主语+be going to +动词原形+其他 否定句式：主语+be not going to +动词原形+其他 一般疑问句式：Be+主语+going to+动词原形+其他 简略回答：（肯）Yes,主语+be （否）No,主语+be not 2.用法 1）表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态，常与tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…), soon, in a few minutes, by…, the day after tomorrow等连用。 例如：I'll meet you at the school gate tomorrow morning. 2）、表示说话人对于将来的看法、假设和推测，通常用于be afraid, be/feel sure, hope, know, think等后面的从句或与副词perhaps,possibly,maybe等连用。 例如：I think she’ll go back home for supper. Maybe she’ll go to the gym. 将来时其他表示法 1）be going to表示将来 表示说话人的打算、计划、安排或根据迹象判断必然或很可能发生的事情。 例如：What are you going to do tomorrow? The play is going to be produced next month。 注意：be going to 和will之间的区别。 · 在时间上：be going to通常表示马上要发生或相当快就要发生的事情；而will不指明任何具体时间，可以指遥远的未来。 He is going to be better. He will be better. · 计划/临时：两者都表示意图时，be going to含有预先计划、准备的意思；will则指未经过预先思考或计划，是临时的一种决定。 — What are you going to do next Sunday? — I'm going to go fishing. — Where is the telephone book? — I'll go and get it for you. · 两者都用于预测时，be going to意指有迹象表明某件事将要发生，属客观的推测；will则意指说话人认为/相信某件事将要发生，属主观的推测。 · 在条件状语从句中，be going to表将来,will表意愿。 例如：If you are going to make a journey, you'd better get ready for it as soon as possible. 　 Miss Gao will tell you the answer if you ask her. 2）“be to+动词原形”表示客观安排或受人指示而将要做某事。 例如：We are to discuss the report next Saturday. 3）be about to +动词原形，意为马上做某事。不能与tomorrow, next week 等表示明确将来时的时间状语连用，多于when引导的时间状语连用。 例如：He is about to leave for Beijing. 现在完成时 1. 结构： 肯定句：主语+助动词have（has）+动词过去分词-ed 否定句：主语+助动词have（has）+not(haven’t,hasn’t)+动词过去分词-ed 一般疑问句：Have(Has)+ 主语+动词过去分词-ed+？ 特殊疑问句：疑问词+have(has)+ 主语+动词过去分词-ed+？ 2.用法 含义：现在完成时用来表示现在之前已发生或完成的动作或状态，但其结果却和现在有联系, 也就是说, 动作或状态发生在过去但它的影响现在还存在。 1）现在完成时往往同表示不确定的过去时间状语连用, 如already, yet, just, before, recently, lately等 Mr. Wang has just come back from America. 王先生刚从美国回来。 I haven’t seen much of him recently (lately). We have seen that film before. Have they found the missing child yet? 现在完成时中的时间状语： ★already通常用于肯定句中，意为―已经，位于行为动词之前, be动词、助动词之后。有时可放在疑问句句尾，表示惊讶。 例如：We have already cleaned the classroom. Have you finished it already？ ★yet用于疑问句中表示―已经；用于否定句中，表示还(没)。 例如：—Has he found his watch yet？他还没找到他的表吗？ —No, not yet. 是, 还没有。 ★ever意为曾经，常用于疑问句或否定句中，位于助动词和过去分词之间，表示从过去到目前为止的时间。 例如： Have you ever been there？你曾经去过那里吗？ Nothing has ever happened here. 这里未曾发生过什么事。 ★never意为（曾经）从未、没有, 是否定副词，在句中位于助动词和过去分词之间。ever与否定词not连用相当于never。例如： I haven’t ever spoken to her. = I have never spoken to her. 我从未跟她讲过话。 ★just意为―刚刚, 用于现在完成时, 表示行为刚刚过去, 位于助动词与过去分词之间。 e.g. He has just come back from school.他刚从学校回来。 ★ just now意为―刚才, 表示过去某时, 用于一般过去时, 位于句首或句尾均可。 e.g. He came from school just now.他刚才从学校回来。 ★for 和since的用法及区别。for 与一段时间连用，since 与时间点连用。注意：since 后接过去时的时间状语或过去时的句子。 e.g. I have been to Shanghai twice since 1970. I haven’t seen her since she left Shanghai. I saw Ping Ping six years ago. Since I havenever seen her. ★have/has gone to、have/has been to 和have/has been in的区别。 have/ has gone to 去了,在去某地的路上或在某地, 人还未回来 have/ has been to 曾经去过, 人已经回来了 have/ has been in 已经在, 常与一段时间连用 e.g. She has been to Shanghai before. 她以前曾去过上海。 She has been in Shanghai for ten years. 她在上海10年了。 Has he gone to Qingdao? 他去青岛了吗？但不能说 Have you gone to Qingdao? 2）、现在完成时还可用来表示过去发生的动作一直延续到现在，常带有for或since 等表示一段时间的状语。 如：Mr Wang has lived here since 1983. I haven’t seen much of him recently (lately). We have seen that film before. Have they found the missing child yet? 3）、现在完成时瞬间动词即终止性动词不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。 常见终止性动词与延续性动词 (或状态动词) 的对应关系如下: come / go / arrive / get / reach / move--- be in/at open --- be open die --- be dead close --- be closed become ---be borrow --- keep put on --- wear buy --- have leave ----- be away (from) begin / start ----- be on fall asleep ---- be asleep end/finish ----- be over catch a cold ----- have a cold join the army ---- be in the army, be a soldier join the Party---- be in the Party , be a Party member 例：吉姆买这支已有两年了。 Jim bought this pen two years ago. Jim has had this pen for two years. Jim has had this pen since two years ago. Jim has had this pen since 2007 It is two years since Jim bought this pen. 4）.在表示“最近几世纪/ 年/ 月以来……”时间状语中，谓语动词用现在完成时。 　　in the past few years/months/weeks/days；over the past few years; during the last three months; for the last few centuries, through centuries; throughout history 等 5）.表示“第几次做某事，”或在 “It is the best (worst, most interesting ) +名词 ＋that” 后面跟现在完成时。 　　例：This is my first time that I have visited China. 　　 This is the most interesting film I have ever seen. 　　 That is the only book that he has written. 6）have / has been to + 地点 意为“曾去过某地”，暗含目前已不在该地仅表示当事人的一种经历而已。 have / has gone to + 地点 “到了某地去了”，暗含“已离开原地去了某地”之意，但是否到达了某地尚不确定。 如：He has gone to Shanghai. 他去了上海。 He has been to Shanghai. 他去过了上海。 ( 课堂 检测 )（真金不怕火炼） 用所给单词的正确形式填空： 1.Next year, the Greens   the soccer team.(make) 2.Well, my parents say they   a new camera next weekend.(buy) 3.Next Sunday we   West Farm with our friends.(go) 4.In an hour I   you a recording for Mike's programme.(send) 5.It is very cold these days. It ______（snow）soon. 6.I （join) the book club last month and I (read) five books already. 7.I only (start) taking French classes last week and I (learn) 50 French words already. 8.Tony (buy) a pop music CD yesterday but he (listen) to it yet. 9.She (see) the newspaper on the table this morning, but she (have) any time to read it yet. 10.Hello, Billy. I (1)____________(not see) you for a long time. 11.I （eat）junk food since I knew it is unhealthy. ( 回顾小结 )（总结一下你的收获吧~） 课后作业 阅读理解 Do video games do harm to our children? Today, many children spend a lot of their free time playing games on the Internet. In the UK, 99%of kids aged8 to 15 play video games every week. This information tells us that the benefits and dangers of video games must be carefully considered. For many people, video games are fun. They have bright lights, funny cartoons and exciting stories. Everywhere you look, you can see children playing these games. They play on buses and trains, in restaurants and even at school. Video games are educational too. They make kids think in a creative way and they have to move their hands and eyes quickly. This can improve the way that a child's brain works. What's more, video games make children use their imagination. The player has to do many creative things, like drawing, telling stories and building things. Video games are also a good way to teach children about technology because they can learn how computers and other devices work while they play. However, a recent study suggests that video games can also be bad for children. First, children can download many games for free. This means that parents often don't know if their children are playing violent or scary games. Second, many children spend too much time playing games on computers and this can lead to health problems. Third, if children spend too much time playing games instead of doing homework, they can have problems at school and get bad grades. Finally, video games can affect children's social skills. If children spend too much time playing video games by themselves, they might not learn how to play with their friends. In conclusion, it seems clear that video games have some advantages and some disadvantages. It is up to parents to know what games their children are playing and how much time they spend on them. Parents should also make sure their children get enough exercise and spend time with other children. （ ）1. The underlined word "they" in Paragraph 3 refers to_________________. A. kids B. computers C. video games D. playmates （ ）2. Which disadvantages of video games are mentioned in the passage? a. result in bad grades b. make kids feel bored c. lead to health problems d. affect children's social skills e. cause problems between parents and kids A. c, d, e B. b, d, e C. a, c, d D. a, b, c （ ）3. In the writer's opinion, _________ should play an important role in video games play for kids. A. family B. society C. schools D. game companies （ ）4. What's the structure of the passage? A B C D 语法填空 1.Dr.Stuart Brown ________(study) the effects on children and adults since 1966. 2.Nowadays, there are lots of different teenage magazines sold all over the world, but how much ________(change) over the years? 3.Since then, she ________(give) about 8，000 books away. 4.A British company(公司) ________(invent) a new kind of drone already. 5.The day after tomorrow they ________ (watch) a volleyball match. 6.They ________ (have) an English evening next Sunday. 7.He ________ (be) there at ten tomorrow morning. 8.Mother ________(give) me a nice present on my next birthday. ( 2 ) ( 1 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$