精品解析：贵州省遵义市播州区2024-2025学年高二上学期1月期末英语试题

播州区2024-2025学年度第一学期期末适应性考试试题 高二英语学科 (考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分) 注意事项： 1. 本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。 3. 回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 4. 考试结束后，将答题卡交回。 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分75分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What will the woman do at eleven tomorrow? A. Meet a client. B. Write the report. C. Give the report to the man. 2. What do we know about the woman? A. She won’t accept the invitation. B. She has to leave the KTV at 9:30. C. She needs to get home around 11:30. 3. How will the woman go home? A. By bus. B. On foot. C. By subway. 4. Where is the man’s sister? A. Upstairs. B. At a friend’s house. C. At Aunt Jenny’s house. 5. When did the man go to the flower shop that night? A. At 6:40. B. At 7:00. C. At 7:20. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 请听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 请听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. Chinese snacks. B. A festival. C. Plans for tonight. 7. What is the woman likely to do next? A. Eat something. B. Watch the dragon dance. C. Enjoy the colorful lanterns. 请听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. Why does the woman think she doesn’t have health care? A. She lost her card. B. She lost her job. C. She did not pay her medical bills 9. How long can the woman still enjoy her health care? A. For two weeks. B. For three months. C. For a year. 请听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. How much does the woman spend each month? A. 530 yuan. B. 580 yuan. C. 600 yuan. 11 What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Teacher and student. B. Colleagues. C. Classmates. 12. What does the woman advise the man to do in the end? A. Buy a notebook. B. Spend 19 yuan per day. C. Try her way starting today. 请听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. Why is the man in Los Angeles? A. He is on a business trip. B. He wants to find a job there. C He flew over just to see the woman. 14. What is the lifestyle in Los Angeles like according to the man? A. Stressful. B. Relaxed. C. Boring. 15. What does the woman think of people in New York? A. They are honest. B. They are warm-hearted. C. They are indifferent. 16. How long has the man lived in New York? A. For three months. B. For four years. C. For five years. 请听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. How is the weather now? A. Rainy and windy. B. Cloudy and mild. C. Sunny and warm. 18. What is the temperature like tomorrow? A. It will drop a little. B. It will rise high. C. It will remain the same. 19. When does the speaker suggest having activities outdoors? A. On Thursday and Friday. B. On the weekend. C. On Wednesday. 20. According to the speaker, where can people go for more information? A. Radio Tokyo. B. A newspaper. C. The Internet. 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Manchester is an obvious destination for many travelers coming to the U.K. to experience a dose of culture, good food, and excitement. Whether you’re coming to experience Manchester or want to include the city as part of a longer journey, there are few things to keep in mind as you plan. Best Time to Visit The weather is moderate most of the year in Manchester, but the summer and early fall are the best times to enjoy the outdoors. Visit in the late fall to avoid the crowds and take advantage of shorter lines at the popular attractions. Things to Do Like London, Manchester is a diverse and exciting city, with lots to see and do, all depending on your preferences and interests. The city is known for its museums, including the National Football Museum and the Imperial War Museum North, and its lively soccer culture. It’s also close to many nature destinations, including the Peak District and the Lake District. There are also numerous day trips possible from Manchester, many of which can be taken via train or bus. Culture and Customs There are a few differences between U.K. and U.S. culture, particularly when it comes to tipping. Restaurants and bars will include a service charge (usually 12.5 percent) on the bill, so there’s no need to leave extra cash, although you can drop a few extra pounds if the service was particularly great. Be mindful that British culture is fairly reserved, especially compared with how we behave in public in America. When using public transportation or visiting museums, keep your voice low and be polite. Brits also appreciate a good queue, so never skip the line or push your way to the front, even if you’re at a rowdy soccer match. 1. When is the best time to visit Manchester to avoid crowds? A. In the early fall. B. In the summer. C. Most of the year. D. In the late fall. 2. What should be kept in mind when travelling in Manchester? A. Tipping at least 12.5% in bars. B. Paying in cash on trains and buses. C. Standing in the line patiently. D. Learning soccer culture in advance. 3. Where does this text probably come from? A. A journal of museums. B. A magazine of sports. C. A website of cultural relics. D. A brochure of travel. B Takosangba Pongen could see until he was 14 years old. He has been blind for the 13 years since. But, nobody would know that by watching Pongen perform on the piano. Pongen said playing the piano helped him after he lost his sight. “It opened a window to see the world. It gives me energy and hope to go forward,” he said. Pongen, 27, a blind pianist, plays by ear. He taught himself to play, assisted by piano play training on YouTube that he began using in 2020. He said he would like to be a professional musician someday, but he is having difficulty finding a place that teaches piano to people with sight or vision problems. Pongen says that he sometimes wishes he could see but adds that he also accepts his condition as “his fate.” He believes he is meant to serve as a model in how to face difficulty, lending support to others through example. “If a blind man can do it, why can’t others who are fully able,” Pongen said. Brillante organizers said they believe in the “power of music as an agent of social development.” Pongen is a part of their “Specially Abled Musicians” program. Pongen came more than 3,000 kilometers to Bengaluru. He traveled with his sister, Imlibenla, by his side to play at Brillante Festival, the fifth of its kind. His heart was racing, he said, when the program director, Khyochano TCK, presented him to the other musicians. The nervousness returned as his performance time arrived. Pongen said he took a deep breath to calm himself. Then, Imlibenla gently guided him onto the stage. She helped to seat him in front of the piano. From there, he played beautifully. 4. What helped Takosangba Pongen learn to play the piano? A. His sister Imlibenla’s help. B. Professional piano teachers. C. His fight against blindness. D. Piano play training online. 5. What does Takosangba Pongen think of his blindness? A. He blames destiny for it. B. He uses it to inspire others. C. He regards it as a failure. D. He tries his best to change it. 6. What can be learned from the last paragraph? A. Pongen delivered a good performance. B. Pongen was afraid of playing in public. C. Pongen cooperated with other musicians. D. Pongen’s sister played the piano with him. 7. Which of the following can best describe Takosangba Pongen? A. Inspiring and optimistic. B. Generous and hard-working. C. Responsible and courageous. D. Kind-hearted and humorous. C Imagine a tiny bird that eats the berries of a particular mountain tree. That tree can only grow at a specific altitude around the mountain, where it’s evolved over years to thrive in that microclimate. As global temperatures rise, the tree and the bird will be forced to rise too, tracking their microclimate. Eventually, they reach the peak, and then there’s nowhere else to go. Scientists call this mountain phenomenon the “escalator to extinction”. Researchers have conducted many studies about how different species respond to different levels of climate change, finding varied results. To get a better overall picture for decision makers who wanted to know how climate change would cause extinction, Mark Urban, a biologist sought to bring all those studies together. Unfortunately, he found that the picture was worrisome. The globe has already warmed by about 1.3 degrees Celsius from the preindustrial average, which would push about 1. 6% of species towards extinction by 2100. If global warming gets out of hand, warming 4 or 5 degrees Celsius, 30% of species could be at risk. Scientists have described roughly 2 million species, but that’s likely just a part of the biodiversity in the planet. It’s estimated that the number tends towards about 10 million. Urban reported, that would mean the planet is already on track to lose about 160,000 species, and could see nearly 3 million disappear soon. “To stop the loss of biodiversity, we need to strike at the heart of the matter.” says John Wiens, a biologist at the University of Arizona. In many instances, stopping biodiversity loss means preserving their natural habitats, through protected areas or national parks, which won’t necessarily work, says Wiens. Targeted conservation efforts could help slow losses, Urban says, but they’re ultimately no substitute for reducing emissions. It requires a more global solution in terms of stopping carbon emissions. The study presents a clear choice to decision makers. It’s high time to reduce emissions now and work to protect that 2% of species at risk currently! 8. Why is the tiny bird mentioned in paragraph 1? A. To describe the eating habits of a certain species. B. To introduce the great adaptability of some species. C. To illustrate the impact of climate change on species. D. To show the ecological importance of species habitats. 9 How does the author show the research finding? A. By presenting statistics. B. By analyzing cause and effect. C. By providing an example. D. By referring to precious findings. 10. What is Urban’s attitude towards Wiens’s statement? A. He is critical about it. B. He fully supports it. C. He is indifferent to it. D. He thinks little of it. 11. What is the purpose of the text? A. To explain the process of climate change. B. To discuss the evolution of mountain trees. C. To advocate for more scientific research on species. D. To call for emissions reduction for species survival. D When image-generating models such as Midjourney started the generative AI boom in early 2022, artists started noticing similarities between AI-generated images and those they’d created themselves. Many found that their work had been gathered and put into massive database and used to train AI models, which then produced copies in their creative style. Many also lost jobs when potential employers used AI tools to generate images instead of hiring artists. Now, Artists are fighting back. A team, led by Shawn Shan, a PhD student in computer science at the University of Chicago, decided to build a tool to help. After learning about the impact on artists, they gathered input from more than a thousand artists to learn what they needed and how they would use any protective technology. Last October, they introduced a useful tool called Nightshade, which adds an invisible layer of “poison” to images to prevent image-generating AI models if they attempt to include those images into their database. If enough poison is drawn into a machine-learning model’s training data, it could permanently break models and make their outputs unpredictable. The response to Nightshade was overwhelming and acclamatory. The team received praise and encouraging remark from plenty of artists on social media. Nightshade has been downloaded nearly 3.5 million times. And Nightshade received a distinguished paper award and the Internet Defense Prize at the Usenix Security Symposium, a top computer security conference. These tools have allowed artists to be creative online again, says Karla Ortiz, an artist producing animation. “Through work on Nightshade, some AI companies attempt to cooperate with artists and help them benefit from AI. Some firms are looking into how they could use the tools to protect their intellectual property (知识产权).” She adds. Next, the team wants to build tools to help regulators inspect AI models and implement laws. He also plans to further develop Nightshade in ways that could make them easier to apply to other industries, such as gaming, music, or journalism. 12. How does generative AI impact artists? A. It promotes creativity of artists. B. It causes the job losses of artists. C. It benefits artists with database. D. It damages cooperation of artists. 13. What does the underlined word “acclamatory” mean in paragraph 4? A. Favorable. B. Weak. C. Mixed. D. Pessimistic. 14. What can we infer about the tool from the last two paragraphs? A. It will be applied to inspect artists. B. It needs to be more creative. C. It will find its way into other fields. D. It struggles to get recognition. 15. What is the best title for the text? A. Artists vs AI: Nightshade to the Mend. B. Artists vs AI: Nightshade to the Rescue. C. Artists & AI: A Win-Win Collaboration. D. Artists & AI: A Mutual Boost Forward. 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Four Ways to Help Us to Read More Books A recent report, published by The Reading Agency, found that it isn’t just young people who are finding it hard to concentrate on books and only half of UK adults now read regularly for pleasure. ____16____ 1. Keep your phone as far away as possible. “____17____ Remember it if you’re going to sit down with a book,” says Tanya Goodin, the author of My Brain Has Too Many Tabs Open. This means it is not visible and not in the same room, because self-control doesn’t work. Only when our device is in a different room do we really have the full ability to focus. 2. Read actual, physical books. Goodin tries to carry a book at all times: “Books always lose against social media in the competition on my phone, so I need actual books. ____18____ I love getting a new book, smelling it and cracking open the spine. This can give you a dopamine (多巴胺) hit more than a screen and maximize the joy of reading.” 3. ____19____ For Goodin, this is first thing in the morning. “When I wake up, my brain is on fire with thoughts and anxiety. If I make the effort to pick up a book first, and not my phone, reading gives my mind the information it is craving. ”If mornings aren’t for you, then escaping into a book on the train or just before falling asleep might be more appealing. 4. Retrain your brain. “Reading is a marathon, not a sprint,” says Goodin. “Like exercise, reading came naturally to us as children, but we have acquired a lot of noise and distraction. Start with the smallest amount of time and you can build it back up again. It is a muscle that we have to re-engage, suggesting a fixed target of 10 pages at a time. ____20____” A. Read books in the morning. B. Leave your phone somewhere else. C. Reading books helps train your brain. D. They are part of the pleasure of reading. E. Work out your proper time and place to read. F. It can help to commit to completing something lengthy. G. So how can we put our phones down and get back to reading? 第三部分 语言运用(共两节, 满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下列短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Near my home there is a small lake with a walk path. Back in the days when my children were younger, we would ____21____ to it sometimes and walk the path. It always felt so good to be close to nature and the ____22____ of Nature’s creation. One Autumn day, however, I noticed that the path wasn’t looking so ____23____. It was full of trash that other walkers had ____24____ along the way. So the next time we went there with a large ____25____ bag. As we walked along every few yards we would ____26____ another piece of trash, bend down, pick it up and put it in the bag. It took us over twice as ____27____ to get all the way around the ____28____ but when we made it we felt a sense of ____29____ that couldn’t be put into words. Before we got back in the car, I looked back at the lake shinning in the sun and the trees full of beautiful leaves and _____30_____. We hadn’t made it any more beautiful with our _____31_____, but we had at least taken away some of the things that were making it _____32_____. It was like we had done our _____33_____ and given something back to thank Nature again for this wonderful world we live in. After all, every single thing we do can add or _____34_____ from the beauty of this world, which means we all need to choose _____35_____ then. 21. A. row B. cycle C. drive D. run 22. A. amusement B. beauty C. shock D. mystery 23. A. familiar B. narrow C. elegant D. smooth 24. A. collected B. dropped C. sorted D. sought 25. A. rubbish B. food C. sleeping D. tool 26. A. recycle B. spot C. move D. acquire 27 A. long B. deep C. wide D. fast 28. A. river B. forest C. pond D. lake 29. A. community B. belonging C. direction D. satisfaction 30. A. sighed B. smiled C. froze D. shocked 31 A. reflection B. creativity C. behaviors D. appreciation 32. A. worse B. cleaner C. noisier D. fancier 33. A. part B. favor C. business D. laundry 34. A. take off B. give away C. come across D. take away 35. A. eagerly B. deliberately C. wisely D. patiently 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 It is widely believed that the first chopsticks were developed over 5000 years ago in ancient China. The _____36_____ (early) evidence of a pair of chopsticks made out of bronze was discovered from the Ruins of Yin near Anyang, Henan, ____37____ (date) back to roughly 1200 B.C. By 500 A.D., chopsticks had spread from China to other countries such as Korea, Vietnam, Japan, and so on. While originally only _____38_____ (use) for religious ceremonies in Japan, chopsticks quickly gained popularity there as well. Soon chopsticks evolved into _____39_____ important icon of Asian culture and history. Chopsticks come in different _____40_____ (form). Among them, bamboo tends _____41_____ (be) the most popular material to make chopsticks. There is plenty of bamboo in Asia, which is usually easy to split and ____42____ (extreme) resistant to heat. Other popular materials include wood, bone, and some precious metals. ____43____ addition, the design of chopsticks can vary greatly. Some chopsticks are plain and simple, while others ____44____ (decorate) with beautiful patterns or even have some cultural symbols on them. In modern society, chopsticks are not only tools for eating but also cultural representatives _____45_____ are frequently used in cultural exchanges between countries. They play an important role in introducing Asian culture to the world. 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，你校上周五举办了一年一度的冬季马拉松(Winter Marathon)活动。你的外国朋友Jack想了解相关情况，请你写一封邮件回复。内容包括： 1. 活动介绍; 2. 邀请他下次参加。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右; 2. 可以适当添加细节，以使行文连贯。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Sarah Brown bumped into a tall boy from the sixth grade running in the opposite direction when she was turning the corner across the hall to her classroom. “Look out, kid.” The boy let out a yell as he stepped aside to avoid the little third-grader. Then, with laughter, the boy took hold of his left leg and imitated the way Sarah limped (跛脚) when she walked. Sarah pushed herself to close her eyes. “Ignore him,” she told herself when she headed for her classroom as she usually did. But at the end of the day, Sarah was still thinking about the tall boy’s mean teasing. It wasn’t as if today were the only one. It seems that ever since Sarah started the third grade, someone laughed at her constantly. A bunch of kids teased her about her speech or her limping. Sarah was tired of it. Her muscle disorder might confuse the schoolmates of Sarah’s who didn’t understand her disability. Sometimes, even in a classroom full of other students, the mean words made her feel all alone. Back home at the dinner table that evening, Sarah kept quiet, from which her mother knew that things were not going well at school. That’s why Charlotte Brown was happy to have some exciting news to share with her daughter. “There’s a Christmas wish contest on the local newspaper,” Sarah’s mom announced. “Write a letter to Santa, and you might win a prize. I think someone at this table with blonde curly hair should enter.” Sarah nodded. The contest sounded funny and rewarding. She started thinking about what she wanted most for Christmas. And the family members tried to guess what she might ask from Santa. Sarah’s brother, Jack, and Sarah’s dad both guessed a three-foot Barbie doll would be her favorite. Sarah’s mother figured a comic book would top Sarah’s wish list. In the end, a smile took hold of Sarah when the idea came to her. 注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右; 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Sarah took out her pencil and paper, and went to work on her letter. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Two days later, Sarah’s classmates spotted her letter on the newspaper. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 播州区2024-2025学年度第一学期期末适应性考试试题 高二英语学科 (考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分) 注意事项： 1. 本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。 3. 回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 4. 考试结束后，将答题卡交回。 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分75分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What will the woman do at eleven tomorrow? A. Meet a client. B. Write the report. C. Give the report to the man. 2. What do we know about the woman? A. She won’t accept the invitation. B. She has to leave the KTV at 9:30. C. She needs to get home around 11:30. 3. How will the woman go home? A. By bus. B. On foot. C. By subway. 4. Where is the man’s sister? A. Upstairs. B. At a friend’s house. C. At Aunt Jenny’s house. 5. When did the man go to the flower shop that night? A. At 6:40. B. At 7:00. C. At 7:20. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 请听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 请听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. Chinese snacks. B. A festival. C. Plans for tonight. 7. What is the woman likely to do next? A. Eat something. B. Watch the dragon dance. C. Enjoy the colorful lanterns. 请听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. Why does the woman think she doesn’t have health care? A. She lost her card. B. She lost her job. C. She did not pay her medical bills 9. How long can the woman still enjoy her health care? A. For two weeks. B. For three months. C. For a year. 请听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. How much does the woman spend each month? A. 530 yuan. B. 580 yuan. C. 600 yuan. 11. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Teacher and student. B. Colleagues. C. Classmates. 12. What does the woman advise the man to do in the end? A. Buy a notebook. B. Spend 19 yuan per day. C. Try her way starting today. 请听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13 Why is the man in Los Angeles? A. He is on a business trip. B. He wants to find a job there. C. He flew over just to see the woman. 14. What is the lifestyle in Los Angeles like according to the man? A. Stressful. B. Relaxed. C. Boring. 15. What does the woman think of people in New York? A. They are honest. B. They are warm-hearted. C. They are indifferent. 16. How long has the man lived in New York? A. For three months. B. For four years. C. For five years. 请听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. How is the weather now? A. Rainy and windy. B. Cloudy and mild. C. Sunny and warm. 18. What is the temperature like tomorrow? A. It will drop a little. B. It will rise high. C. It will remain the same. 19. When does the speaker suggest having activities outdoors? A. On Thursday and Friday. B. On the weekend. C. On Wednesday. 20. According to the speaker, where can people go for more information? A. Radio Tokyo. B. A newspaper. C. The Internet. 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Manchester is an obvious destination for many travelers coming to the U.K. to experience a dose of culture, good food, and excitement. Whether you’re coming to experience Manchester or want to include the city as part of a longer journey, there are few things to keep in mind as you plan. Best Time to Visit The weather is moderate most of the year in Manchester, but the summer and early fall are the best times to enjoy the outdoors. Visit in the late fall to avoid the crowds and take advantage of shorter lines at the popular attractions. Things to Do Like London, Manchester is a diverse and exciting city, with lots to see and do, all depending on your preferences and interests. The city is known for its museums, including the National Football Museum and the Imperial War Museum North, and its lively soccer culture. It’s also close to many nature destinations, including the Peak District and the Lake District. There are also numerous day trips possible from Manchester, many of which can be taken via train or bus. Culture and Customs There are a few differences between U.K. and U.S. culture, particularly when it comes to tipping. Restaurants and bars will include a service charge (usually 12.5 percent) on the bill, so there’s no need to leave extra cash, although you can drop a few extra pounds if the service was particularly great. Be mindful that British culture is fairly reserved, especially compared with how we behave in public in America. When using public transportation or visiting museums, keep your voice low and be polite. Brits also appreciate a good queue, so never skip the line or push your way to the front, even if you’re at a rowdy soccer match. 1. When is the best time to visit Manchester to avoid crowds? A. In the early fall. B. In the summer. C. Most of the year. D. In the late fall. 2. What should be kept in mind when travelling in Manchester? A. Tipping at least 12.5% in bars. B. Paying in cash on trains and buses. C. Standing in the line patiently. D. Learning soccer culture in advance. 3. Where does this text probably come from? A. A journal of museums. B. A magazine of sports. C. A website of cultural relics. D. A brochure of travel. 【答案】1. D 2. C 3. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了曼彻斯特的最佳旅游时间、可做的事情以及当地的文化习俗等旅游相关信息。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Best Time to Visit中“Visit in the late fall to avoid the crowds and take advantage of shorter lines at the popular attractions.( 在深秋的时候去旅游，可以避开拥挤的人群，在热门景点排队的时间也比较短。)”可知，在深秋时候去曼彻斯特旅游可以避开拥挤的人群。故选D项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Culture and Customs中“Brits also appreciate a good queue, so never skip the line or push your way to the front, even if you’re at a rowdy soccer match.( 英国人也喜欢排队，所以永远不要插队或挤到最前面，即使你是在一场喧闹的足球比赛中。)”可知，在曼彻斯特旅行时应该注意耐心地排队。故选C项。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章大意以及第一段“Manchester is an obvious destination for many travelers coming to the U.K. to experience a dose of culture, good food, and excitement. Whether you’re coming to experience Manchester or want to include the city as part of a longer journey, there are few things to keep in mind as you plan.( 对于许多来英国体验文化、美食和刺激的游客来说，曼彻斯特是一个显而易见的目的地。无论你是来体验曼彻斯特，还是想把这座城市作为长途旅行的一部分，在你计划的时候，有几件事要记住。)”可知，文章主要介绍了曼彻斯特的最佳旅游时间、可做的事情以及当地的文化习俗等旅游相关信息，所以最有可能来自旅游宣传册。故选D项。 B Takosangba Pongen could see until he was 14 years old. He has been blind for the 13 years since. But, nobody would know that by watching Pongen perform on the piano. Pongen said playing the piano helped him after he lost his sight. “It opened a window to see the world. It gives me energy and hope to go forward,” he said. Pongen, 27, a blind pianist, plays by ear. He taught himself to play, assisted by piano play training on YouTube that he began using in 2020. He said he would like to be a professional musician someday, but he is having difficulty finding a place that teaches piano to people with sight or vision problems. Pongen says that he sometimes wishes he could see but adds that he also accepts his condition as “his fate.” He believes he is meant to serve as a model in how to face difficulty, lending support to others through example. “If a blind man can do it, why can’t others who are fully able,” Pongen said. Brillante organizers said they believe in the “power of music as an agent of social development.” Pongen is a part of their “Specially Abled Musicians” program. Pongen came more than 3,000 kilometers to Bengaluru. He traveled with his sister, Imlibenla, by his side to play at Brillante Festival, the fifth of its kind. His heart was racing, he said, when the program director, Khyochano TCK, presented him to the other musicians. The nervousness returned as his performance time arrived. Pongen said he took a deep breath to calm himself. Then, Imlibenla gently guided him onto the stage. She helped to seat him in front of the piano. From there, he played beautifully. 4. What helped Takosangba Pongen learn to play the piano? A. His sister Imlibenla’s help. B. Professional piano teachers. C. His fight against blindness. D. Piano play training online. 5. What does Takosangba Pongen think of his blindness? A. He blames destiny for it. B. He uses it to inspire others. C. He regards it as a failure. D. He tries his best to change it. 6. What can be learned from the last paragraph? A. Pongen delivered a good performance. B. Pongen was afraid of playing in public. C. Pongen cooperated with other musicians. D. Pongen’s sister played the piano with him. 7. Which of the following can best describe Takosangba Pongen? A. Inspiring and optimistic. B. Generous and hard-working. C. Responsible and courageous. D. Kind-hearted and humorous. 【答案】4. D 5. B 6. A 7. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了盲人钢琴家Takosangba Pongen的故事。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Pongen, 27, a blind pianist, plays by ear. He taught himself to play, assisted by piano play training on YouTube that he began using in 2020.(27岁的Pongen是一名盲人钢琴家，他靠耳朵演奏。他自学了钢琴，并在YouTube上进行了钢琴训练，他从2020年开始使用YouTube)”可知，网上钢琴演奏培训帮助Takosangba Pongen学会弹钢琴。故选D。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“He believes he is meant to serve as a model in how to face difficulty, lending support to others through example.(他认为自己应该成为一个如何面对困难的榜样，以身作则为他人提供支持)”可知，Takosangba Pongen用他的失明来激励别人。故选B。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Pongen came more than 3,000 kilometers to Bengaluru. He traveled with his sister, Imlibenla, by his side to play at Brillante Festival, the fifth of its kind. His heart was racing, he said, when the program director, Khyochano TCK, presented him to the other musicians. The nervousness returned as his performance time arrived. Pongen said he took a deep breath to calm himself. Then, Imlibenla gently guided him onto the stage. She helped to seat him in front of the piano. From there, he played beautifully.(Pongen从3000多公里外来到班加罗尔。他和妹妹伊姆利本拉一起在布里兰特音乐节上演出，这是第五届此类音乐节。他说，当节目总监Khyochano TCK把他介绍给其他音乐家时，他的心跳加速了。当他的表演时间到来时，紧张又回来了。Pongen说他深吸了一口气让自己平静下来。然后，伊姆利本拉轻轻地把他领上了舞台。她帮助他坐在钢琴前。从那以后，他演奏得很优美)”可知，Pongen的表演很好。故选A。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“He believes he is meant to serve as a model in how to face difficulty, lending support to others through example.(他认为自己应该成为一个如何面对困难的榜样，以身作则为他人提供支持)”以及第一段“Pongen said playing the piano helped him after he lost his sight. “It opened a window to see the world. It gives me energy and hope to go forward,” he said.(Pongen说，在他失明后，弹钢琴帮助了他。“它打开了一扇看世界的窗户。它给了我前进的能量和希望。”)”可推知，Takosangba Pongen鼓舞人心和乐观的一个人。故选A。 C Imagine a tiny bird that eats the berries of a particular mountain tree. That tree can only grow at a specific altitude around the mountain, where it’s evolved over years to thrive in that microclimate. As global temperatures rise, the tree and the bird will be forced to rise too, tracking their microclimate. Eventually, they reach the peak, and then there’s nowhere else to go. Scientists call this mountain phenomenon the “escalator to extinction”. Researchers have conducted many studies about how different species respond to different levels of climate change, finding varied results. To get a better overall picture for decision makers who wanted to know how climate change would cause extinction, Mark Urban, a biologist sought to bring all those studies together. Unfortunately, he found that the picture was worrisome. The globe has already warmed by about 1.3 degrees Celsius from the preindustrial average, which would push about 1. 6% of species towards extinction by 2100. If global warming gets out of hand, warming 4 or 5 degrees Celsius, 30% of species could be at risk. Scientists have described roughly 2 million species, but that’s likely just a part of the biodiversity in the planet. It’s estimated that the number tends towards about 10 million. Urban reported, that would mean the planet is already on track to lose about 160,000 species, and could see nearly 3 million disappear soon. “To stop the loss of biodiversity, we need to strike at the heart of the matter.” says John Wiens, a biologist at the University of Arizona. In many instances, stopping biodiversity loss means preserving their natural habitats, through protected areas or national parks, which won’t necessarily work, says Wiens. Targeted conservation efforts could help slow losses, Urban says, but they’re ultimately no substitute for reducing emissions. It requires a more global solution in terms of stopping carbon emissions. The study presents a clear choice to decision makers. It’s high time to reduce emissions now and work to protect that 2% of species at risk currently! 8. Why is the tiny bird mentioned in paragraph 1? A. To describe the eating habits of a certain species. B. To introduce the great adaptability of some species. C. To illustrate the impact of climate change on species. D. To show the ecological importance of species habitats. 9. How does the author show the research finding? A. By presenting statistics. B. By analyzing cause and effect. C. By providing an example. D. By referring to precious findings. 10. What is Urban’s attitude towards Wiens’s statement? A. He is critical about it. B. He fully supports it. C He is indifferent to it. D. He thinks little of it. 11. What is the purpose of the text? A. To explain the process of climate change. B. To discuss the evolution of mountain trees. C. To advocate for more scientific research on species. D. To call for emissions reduction for species survival. 【答案】8. C 9. A 10. B 11. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了气候变化对物种生存的威胁，呼吁减少排放以保护物种。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。由文章第一段“Imagine a tiny bird that eats the berries of a particular mountain tree. That tree can only grow at a specific altitude around the mountain, where it’s evolved over years to thrive in that microclimate. As global temperatures rise, the tree and the bird will be forced to rise too, tracking their microclimate. Eventually, they reach the peak, and then there’s nowhere else to go. (想象一只以某种高山树木的浆果为食的小鸟。这种树只能在山的一个特定海拔生长，它在那里经过数年的进化，适应了那里的微气候。随着全球气温的上升，这种树和小鸟也将被迫上升，以追踪它们的微气候。最终，它们会到达山顶，然后就没有地方可去了。)”和第二段中“Scientists call this mountain phenomenon the “escalator to extinction”. (科学家们将这一高山现象称为“灭绝的电梯”。)”可知，通过描述这种特定生活在山上的小鸟，因为气候变化而被迫向上迁移，直到没有地方可去，最终面临灭绝的风险，以此来举例说明气候变化对物种的影响。故选C。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。由文章第三段中“The globe has already warmed by about 1.3 degrees Celsius from the preindustrial average, which would push about 1. 6% of species towards extinction by 2100. If global warming gets out of hand, warming 4 or 5 degrees Celsius, 30% of species could be at risk. Scientists have described roughly 2 million species, but that’s likely just a part of the biodiversity in the planet. It’s estimated that the number tends towards about 10 million. Urban reported, that would mean the planet is already on track to lose about 160,000 species, and could see nearly 3 million disappear soon. (与工业化前平均水平相比，全球气温已经上升了约1.3摄氏度，这将导致到2100年约有1.6%的物种面临灭绝。如果全球变暖失控，气温上升4或5摄氏度，那么30%的物种可能会面临风险。科学家们已经描述了大约200万种物种，但这可能只是地球上生物多样性的一部分。据估计，物种数量可能接近1000万种。厄本报告称，这意味着地球已经走上了失去约16万种物种的道路，并且很快可能会看到近300万种物种消失。)”可知，作者通过提供具体的数据和统计信息来展示研究结果。故选A。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。由文章第四段中““To stop the loss of biodiversity, we need to strike at the heart of the matter.” says John Wiens, a biologist at the University of Arizona. In many instances, stopping biodiversity loss means preserving their natural habitats, through protected areas or national parks, which won’t necessarily work, says Wiens. Targeted conservation efforts could help slow losses, Urban says, but they’re ultimately no substitute for reducing emissions. It requires a more global solution in terms of stopping carbon emissions. (“为了阻止生物多样性的丧失，我们需要直击问题的核心。”亚利桑那大学生物学家约翰·维恩斯说。在许多情况下，阻止生物多样性丧失意味着通过保护区或国家公园来保护它们的自然栖息地，但维恩斯说，这并不一定有效。厄本说，有针对性的保护努力可能有助于减缓物种丧失的速度，但它们终究不能替代减少排放的措施。在阻止碳排放方面，需要更全球的解决方案。)”可知，Urban对Wiens的观点持支持态度。故选B。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是由文章最后一段“The study presents a clear choice to decision makers. It’s high time to reduce emissions now and work to protect that 2% of species at risk currently! (这项研究为决策者提供了一个明确的选择。现在是时候减少排放，努力保护目前处于危险中的2%的物种了！)”可知，文章的目的是呼吁减少排放以保护物种生存。故选D。 D When image-generating models such as Midjourney started the generative AI boom in early 2022, artists started noticing similarities between AI-generated images and those they’d created themselves. Many found that their work had been gathered and put into massive database and used to train AI models, which then produced copies in their creative style. Many also lost jobs when potential employers used AI tools to generate images instead of hiring artists. Now, Artists are fighting back. A team, led by Shawn Shan, a PhD student in computer science at the University of Chicago, decided to build a tool to help. After learning about the impact on artists, they gathered input from more than a thousand artists to learn what they needed and how they would use any protective technology. Last October, they introduced a useful tool called Nightshade, which adds an invisible layer of “poison” to images to prevent image-generating AI models if they attempt to include those images into their database. If enough poison is drawn into a machine-learning model’s training data, it could permanently break models and make their outputs unpredictable. The response to Nightshade was overwhelming and acclamatory. The team received praise and encouraging remark from plenty of artists on social media. Nightshade has been downloaded nearly 3.5 million times. And Nightshade received a distinguished paper award and the Internet Defense Prize at the Usenix Security Symposium, a top computer security conference. These tools have allowed artists to be creative online again, says Karla Ortiz, an artist producing animation. “Through work on Nightshade, some AI companies attempt to cooperate with artists and help them benefit from AI. Some firms are looking into how they could use the tools to protect their intellectual property (知识产权).” She adds. Next, the team wants to build tools to help regulators inspect AI models and implement laws. He also plans to further develop Nightshade in ways that could make them easier to apply to other industries, such as gaming, music, or journalism. 12. How does generative AI impact artists? A. It promotes creativity of artists. B. It causes the job losses of artists. C. It benefits artists with database. D. It damages cooperation of artists. 13. What does the underlined word “acclamatory” mean in paragraph 4? A. Favorable. B. Weak. C. Mixed. D. Pessimistic. 14. What can we infer about the tool from the last two paragraphs? A. It will be applied to inspect artists. B. It needs to be more creative. C. It will find its way into other fields. D. It struggles to get recognition. 15. What is the best title for the text? A. Artists vs AI: Nightshade to the Mend. B. Artists vs AI: Nightshade to the Rescue. C. Artists & AI: A Win-Win Collaboration. D. Artists & AI: A Mutual Boost Forward. 【答案】12. B 13. A 14. C 15. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了生成式AI给艺术家带来负面影响，艺术家们奋起反击，研发出 Nightshade 来保护自己。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Many also lost jobs when potential employers used AI tools to generate images instead of hiring artists.(当潜在雇主使用人工智能工具生成图像而不是雇佣艺术家时，许多人也失去了工作。)”可知，生成人工智能导致艺术家失业。故选B项。 【13题详解】 词义猜测题。根据第四段中“The team received praise and encouraging remark from plenty of artists on social media.(该团队在社交媒体上得到了许多艺术家的赞扬和鼓励。)”以及划线单词句中“overwhelming(势不可挡的)”可知， 此处为对Nightshade的反应是势不可挡的以及赞美的。故可猜测划线单词acclamatory为“赞美的，拥护的”和A选项Favorable“支持的”意思相近。故选A项。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后两段内容尤其是最后一段中“He also plans to further develop Nightshade in ways that could make them easier to apply to other industries, such as gaming, music, or journalism.(他还计划进一步开发Nightshade，使其更容易应用于其他行业，如游戏、音乐或新闻。)”可推知，从最后两段我们可以推断出这个工具将进入其他领域。故选C项。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及第二段“Now, Artists are fighting back. A team, led by Shawn Shan, a PhD student in computer science at the University of Chicago, decided to build a tool to help. After learning about the impact on artists, they gathered input from more than a thousand artists to learn what they needed and how they would use any protective technology.( 现在，艺术家们开始反击。由芝加哥大学计算机科学博士生肖恩·山（Shawn Shan）领导的一个团队决定开发一个工具来帮助解决这个问题。在了解了对艺术家的影响后，他们收集了一千多名艺术家的意见，以了解他们需要什么，以及他们将如何使用任何保护技术。)”可知，文章讲述了生成式AI给艺术家带来负面影响，艺术家们奋起反击，研发出 Nightshade 来保护自己，所以“Artists vs AI: Nightshade to the Rescue（艺术家对抗AI：Nightshade 来自救）”最适合作为标题。故选B项。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Four Ways to Help Us to Read More Books A recent report, published by The Reading Agency, found that it isn’t just young people who are finding it hard to concentrate on books and only half of UK adults now read regularly for pleasure. ____16____ 1. Keep your phone as far away as possible. “____17____ Remember it if you’re going to sit down with a book,” says Tanya Goodin, the author of My Brain Has Too Many Tabs Open. This means it is not visible and not in the same room, because self-control doesn’t work. Only when our device is in a different room do we really have the full ability to focus. 2. Read actual, physical books. Goodin tries to carry a book at all times: “Books always lose against social media in the competition on my phone, so I need actual books. ____18____ I love getting a new book, smelling it and cracking open the spine. This can give you a dopamine (多巴胺) hit more than a screen and maximize the joy of reading.” 3. ____19____ For Goodin, this is first thing in the morning. “When I wake up, my brain is on fire with thoughts and anxiety. If I make the effort to pick up a book first, and not my phone, reading gives my mind the information it is craving. ”If mornings aren’t for you, then escaping into a book on the train or just before falling asleep might be more appealing. 4. Retrain your brain. “Reading is a marathon, not a sprint,” says Goodin. “Like exercise, reading came naturally to us as children, but we have acquired a lot of noise and distraction. Start with the smallest amount of time and you can build it back up again. It is a muscle that we have to re-engage, suggesting a fixed target of 10 pages at a time. ____20____” A. Read books in the morning. B. Leave your phone somewhere else. C. Reading books helps train your brain. D. They are part of the pleasure of reading. E. Work out your proper time and place to read. F. It can help to commit to completing something lengthy. G. So how can we put our phones down and get back to reading? 【答案】16 G 17. B 18. D 19. E 20. F 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了帮助我们读更多书的四种方法。 【16题详解】 根据上文“A recent report, published by The Reading Agency, found that it isn’t just young people who are finding it hard to concentrate on books and only half of UK adults now read regularly for pleasure.( 英国阅读机构（The Reading Agency）最近发布的一份报告发现，很难集中精力读书的不仅仅是年轻人，现在只有一半的英国成年人定期阅读。)”可知，前文提到英国成年人中只有一半经常为了乐趣而阅读，后面介绍了帮助阅读更多书籍的方法，所以此空应是引出如何放下手机重新阅读的问题，G选项So how can we put our phones down and get back to reading?( 那么，我们怎样才能放下手机，重新开始阅读呢？)符合语境，起到上下文的承上启下作用。故选G。 【17题详解】 根据此段小标题是“Keep your phone as far away as possible.( 把你的手机放在尽可能远的地方。)”以及下文“Remember it if you’re going to sit down with a book,” says Tanya Goodin, the author of My Brain Has Too Many Tabs Open. This means it is not visible and not in the same room, because self-control doesn’t work. Only when our device is in a different room do we really have the full ability to focus.( 如果你要坐下来看书，请记住这一点，《我的大脑开着太多标签》的作者坦尼娅·古丁说。这意味着它是不可见的，不在同一个房间里，因为自我控制不起作用。只有当我们的设备在不同的房间时，我们才能真正完全集中注意力。)”可知，B选项Leave your phone somewhere else.( 把手机放在别的地方。) 与小标题意思相符，且后文提到手机不在同一房间才能集中注意力，进一步说明了要把手机放远点。故选B。 【18题详解】 根据上文“Goodin tries to carry a book at all times: “Books always lose against social media in the competition on my phone, so I need actual books.( 古丁试图随时带着一本书：“在手机上的竞争中，书总是输给社交媒体，所以我需要真正的书。)”以及下文“I love getting a new book, smelling it and cracking open the spine. This can give you a dopamine (多巴胺) hit more than a screen and maximize the joy of reading.”(我喜欢买一本新书，闻一闻，打开书脊。这可以给你比屏幕更多的多巴胺，最大限度地提高阅读的乐趣。)”可知，前文说需要实体书，后文提到喜欢新书的味道等，D选项They are part of the pleasure of reading.( 它们是阅读乐趣的一部分。) 中的“They”指代前文的实体书，说明实体书带来的乐趣，同时引起下文，符合语境。故选D。 【19题详解】 由该题为段落小标题可知，为总结该段内容。该段下文“For Goodin, this is first thing in the morning. “When I wake up, my brain is on fire with thoughts and anxiety. If I make the effort to pick up a book first, and not my phone, reading gives my mind the information it is craving. ”If mornings aren’t for you, then escaping into a book on the train or just before falling asleep might be more appealing.( 对古丁来说，这是早上的第一件事。“当我醒来时，我的大脑充满了想法和焦虑。如果我努力先拿起一本书，而不是手机，阅读就能给我的大脑提供它渴望的信息。”如果早晨不适合你，那么在火车上或睡觉前躲进书里可能更有吸引力。)”可知，此段提到对古丁来说，早上醒来读书很好，如果早上不合适，在火车上或睡前读书也不错，所以此段强调找到合适的时间和地点读书，E选项Work out your proper time and place to read.( 找出合适的阅读时间和地点。) 可知，和该段主旨意思一致，为总结该段内容。故选E。 【20题详解】 根据上文“It is a muscle that we have to re-engage, suggesting a fixed target of 10 pages at a time.( 这是我们必须重新调动的肌肉，建议一次完成10页的固定目标。)”可知，前文提到阅读像马拉松，建议一次设定10页的固定目标，F选项It can help to commit to completing something lengthy.( 它可以帮助你完成一些冗长的任务。)中的“It”指代设定目标，说明设定目标有助于完成长篇的阅读，符合语境。故选F。 第三部分 语言运用(共两节, 满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下列短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Near my home there is a small lake with a walk path. Back in the days when my children were younger, we would ____21____ to it sometimes and walk the path. It always felt so good to be close to nature and the ____22____ of Nature’s creation. One Autumn day, however, I noticed that the path wasn’t looking so ____23____. It was full of trash that other walkers had ____24____ along the way. So the next time we went there with a large ____25____ bag. As we walked along every few yards we would ____26____ another piece of trash, bend down, pick it up and put it in the bag. It took us over twice as ____27____ to get all the way around the ____28____ but when we made it we felt a sense of ____29____ that couldn’t be put into words. Before we got back in the car, I looked back at the lake shinning in the sun and the trees full of beautiful leaves and _____30_____. We hadn’t made it any more beautiful with our _____31_____, but we had at least taken away some of the things that were making it _____32_____. It was like we had done our _____33_____ and given something back to thank Nature again for this wonderful world we live in. After all, every single thing we do can add or _____34_____ from the beauty of this world, which means we all need to choose _____35_____ then. 21. A. row B. cycle C. drive D. run 22. A. amusement B. beauty C. shock D. mystery 23. A. familiar B. narrow C. elegant D. smooth 24. A. collected B. dropped C. sorted D. sought 25. A. rubbish B. food C. sleeping D. tool 26. A. recycle B. spot C. move D. acquire 27. A. long B. deep C. wide D. fast 28. A. river B. forest C. pond D. lake 29. A. community B. belonging C. direction D. satisfaction 30. A. sighed B. smiled C. froze D. shocked 31. A. reflection B. creativity C. behaviors D. appreciation 32. A. worse B. cleaner C. noisier D. fancier 33. A. part B. favor C. business D. laundry 34. A. take off B. give away C. come across D. take away 35. A. eagerly B. deliberately C. wisely D. patiently 【答案】21. C 22. B 23. C 24. B 25. A 26. B 27. A 28. D 29. D 30. B 31. C 32. A 33. A 34. D 35. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者一家经常去家附近的湖边散步，享受大自然的美丽。然而，一次秋天的散步中，他们发现小路被其他散步者丢弃的垃圾弄得脏乱不堪。于是，他们带着垃圾袋，边走边捡垃圾，虽然花费了更多时间，但最终他们感到无比满足。虽然他们的行为并没有让湖变得更美，但至少减少了污染，他们也为保护自然环境尽了一份力。作者认为，每个人都应该明智地选择自己的行为，因为每个人的行为都会对世界产生影响，或增加或减少它的美丽。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我的孩子还小的时候，我们有时会开车去那里，然后走在小路上。A. row划船；B. cycle骑自行车；C. drive开车；D. run跑步。根据下文“Before we got back in the car”可知，作者是开车去湖边的。故选C项。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：接近大自然和大自然创造的美丽总是让人感觉很好。A. amusement娱乐；B. beauty美；C. shock震惊；D. mystery神秘。根据最后一段中“I looked back at the lake shinning in the sun and the trees full of beautiful leaves”可知，亲近自然能感受到大自然创造的美。故选B项。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，在一个秋天的一天，我注意到这条小路看起来并不那么优雅。A. familiar熟悉的；B. narrow狭窄的；C. elegant优雅的；D. smooth光滑的。根据上文提到的接近大自然和大自然创造的美丽总是让人感觉很好，以及下一句“It was full of trash”可知，小路看起来不那么美观了。故选C项。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一路上堆满了其他行人在路上扔下的垃圾。A. collected收集；B. dropped丢弃；C. sorted分类；D. sought寻找。根据上文“It was full of trash that other walkers”由此可知，小路上满是垃圾，应该是其他散步的人沿途丢弃的。故选B项。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以下次我们带着一个大垃圾袋去那里。A. rubbish垃圾；B. food食物；C. sleeping睡觉；D. tool工具。根据上文“It was full of trash that other walkers”提到一路上堆满了其他行人在路上扔下垃圾，可知，作者发现小路有垃圾，下次去应该带垃圾袋。故选A项。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：每隔几码，我们就会发现另一块垃圾，弯下腰，把它捡起来放进袋子里。A. recycle回收利用；B. spot发现；C. move移动；D. acquire获得。根据下文“another piece of trash, bend down, pick it up and put it in the bag”可知，沿着小路走，每隔几码就会发现另一块垃圾。故选B项。 【27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们花了两倍多的时间才绕湖一圈，但当我们到达时，我们感到一种无法用语言表达的满足感。A. long长；B. deep深；C. wide宽的；D. fast快的。 根据句意以及上文“It took us over twice as…”可知，因为要边走边捡垃圾，所以绕湖一圈花费的时间是平时的两倍多。故选A项。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们花了两倍多的时间才绕湖一圈，但当我们到达时，我们感到一种无法用语言表达的满足感。A. river河流；B. forest森林；C. pond池塘；D. lake湖。根据第一段“Near my home there is a small lake with a walk path”可知，作者是绕着湖走。故选D项。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们花了两倍多的时间才绕湖一圈，但当我们到达时，我们感到一种无法用语言表达的满足感。A. community社区；B. belonging归属感；C. direction方向；D. satisfaction满足感。根据句意以及下文“…that couldn’t be put into words”可知，把垃圾清理完，作者应该有一种无法用言语表达的满足感。故选D项。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我们回到车里之前，我回头看了看在阳光下闪闪发光的湖和长满美丽叶子的树，笑了。A. sighed叹气；B. smiled微笑；C. froze冻结；D. shocked震惊。根据上文“I looked back at the lake shinning in the sun and the trees full of beautiful leaves”可知，作者看到美丽的湖和树，应该是微笑。故选B项。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的行为并没有让它变得更美好，但我们至少带走了一些让它变得更糟的东西。A. reflection反思；B. creativity创造力；C. behaviors行为；D. appreciation欣赏。根据上下文语境可知，作者和孩子捡垃圾的行为并没有让这里变得更漂亮，但至少清理了一些不好的东西。故选C项。 【32题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们的行为并没有让它变得更美好，但我们至少带走了一些让它变得更糟的东西。A. worse更差的；B. cleaner更干净的；C. noisier更吵闹的；D. fancier更精致的。根据句意以及上文“but we had at least taken away some of the things”可知，垃圾让环境变差，作者清理垃圾就是减少让环境变差的东西。故选A项。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：就像我们尽了自己的一份力，回馈了一些东西，再次感谢大自然给了我们这个美好的世界。A. part部分；B. favor帮助；C. business生意；D. laundry洗衣房。根据句意以及下文“given something back to thank Nature again for this wonderful world we live in”可知，作者觉得自己做了自己该做的事，为感谢大自然做了贡献，do one’s part 意为“尽自己的一份力”。故选A项。 【34题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：毕竟，我们所做的每一件事都可能增加或减少这个世界的美丽，这意味着我们都需要明智地选择。A. take off起飞，脱下；B. give away赠送，泄露；C. come across偶然遇见；D. take away减少，从…… 拿走。根据句意以及上文“we do can add or”可知，我们做的每件事都可能增加或减少这个世界的美，take away from 意为“减少，从……拿走”。故选D项。 【35题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：毕竟，我们所做的每一件事都可能增加或减少这个世界的美丽，这意味着我们都需要明智地选择。A. eagerly急切地；B. deliberately故意地；C. wisely明智地；D. patiently耐心地。根据句意以及上文“which means we all need to choose…”可知，既然我们的行为会对世界的美产生影响，那么我们就需要明智地选择。故选C项。 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 It is widely believed that the first chopsticks were developed over 5000 years ago in ancient China. The _____36_____ (early) evidence of a pair of chopsticks made out of bronze was discovered from the Ruins of Yin near Anyang, Henan, ____37____ (date) back to roughly 1200 B.C. By 500 A.D., chopsticks had spread from China to other countries such as Korea, Vietnam, Japan, and so on. While originally only _____38_____ (use) for religious ceremonies in Japan, chopsticks quickly gained popularity there as well. Soon chopsticks evolved into _____39_____ important icon of Asian culture and history. Chopsticks come in different _____40_____ (form). Among them, bamboo tends _____41_____ (be) the most popular material to make chopsticks. There is plenty of bamboo in Asia, which is usually easy to split and ____42____ (extreme) resistant to heat. Other popular materials include wood, bone, and some precious metals. ____43____ addition, the design of chopsticks can vary greatly. Some chopsticks are plain and simple, while others ____44____ (decorate) with beautiful patterns or even have some cultural symbols on them. In modern society, chopsticks are not only tools for eating but also cultural representatives _____45_____ are frequently used in cultural exchanges between countries. They play an important role in introducing Asian culture to the world. 【答案】36. earliest 37. dating 38. used 39. an 40. forms 41. to be 42. extremely 43. In 44. are decorated 45. that##which 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了筷子的起源和历史发展过程。 【36题详解】 考查形容词最高级。句意：最早的铜制筷子的证据是在河南安阳附近的殷墟发现的，大约可以追溯到公元前1200年。根据句意以及空后evidence为名词可知，此处为形容词最高级earliest“最早的”作定语修饰该名词，满足句意要求。故填earliest。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：最早的铜制筷子的证据是在河南安阳附近的殷墟发现的，大约可以追溯到公元前1200年。此处为非谓语动词作状语，date back和逻辑主语The earliest evidence为主动关系，所以为现在分词形式。故填dating。 【38题详解】 考查状语从句的省略用法。句意：虽然筷子最初在日本只用于宗教仪式，但在那里也很快流行起来。此处为while引导状语从句的省略用法，当主从句主语一致时，可省略从句的主语和be动词，use与主语chopsticks之间是被动关系，此处为省略主语chopsticks和be动词were。故填used。 【39题详解】 考查冠词。句意：很快筷子就演变成了亚洲文化和历史的重要标志。根据句意以及空后icon为单数名词可知，此处为表示泛指“一个重要的标志”，结合important首音节是元音音素，所以为不定冠词an的填入。故填an。 【40题详解】 考查名词复数形式。句意：筷子有不同的形式。由空前different可知，此处为复数名词作宾语成分。故填forms。 【41题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：其中，竹子往往是最受欢迎的材料来制作筷子。固定短语tend to do“倾向于做”，所以此处为动词不定式形式。故填to be。 【42题详解】 考查副词。句意：亚洲有大量的竹子，竹子通常很容易折断，而且非常耐热。由副词修饰形容词可知，此处为副词extremely作状语修饰形容词resistant。故填extremely。 【43题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：此外，筷子的设计可以有很大的不同。此处为固定短语in addition“此外”，满足句意要求，置于句首，首字母大写。故填In。 【44题详解】 考查动词时态和语态。句意：有些筷子是朴素的，而另一些筷子上装饰着美丽的图案，甚至有一些文化符号。此处为谓语动词的填入，根据上下文时态可知，此处为一般现在时，主语others为复数意义代词和decorate为被动关系，所以为一般现在时的被动语态结构。故填are decorated。 【45题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：在现代社会，筷子不仅是吃饭的工具，也是文化的代表，在国家间的文化交流中频繁使用。设空处引导定语从句，先行词cultural representatives在从句中作主语成分，指物，所以为关系代词that/which引导从句。故填that/which。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，你校上周五举办了一年一度的冬季马拉松(Winter Marathon)活动。你的外国朋友Jack想了解相关情况，请你写一封邮件回复。内容包括： 1. 活动介绍; 2. 邀请他下次参加。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右; 2. 可以适当添加细节，以使行文连贯。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear Jack, I hope this email finds you well! Last Friday, our school held its annual Winter Marathon, a fun and exciting event that brings students together to promote fitness and teamwork. Participants ran various distances, from a 5K to a full marathon, through beautiful winter scenery. The atmosphere was lively, with music, cheers, and plenty of hot chocolate to warm up after the race! I would love you to join us next year! It’s a fantastic opportunity to meet new friends and enjoy a healthy challenge. Let me know if you’re interested, and I can keep you updated on the details. Yours Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。你的外国朋友Jack想了解学校举办的冬季马拉松活动的相关情况，要求考生写一封邮件回复他。 【详解】1.词汇积累 激动的：exciting→ thrilling 各种各样：various → all kinds of 机会：opportunity→ chance 健康的：healthy→ fit 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：It’s a fantastic opportunity to meet new friends and enjoy a healthy challenge. 拓展句：It’s a fantastic opportunity that we can meet new friends and enjoy a healthy challenge. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Last Friday, our school held its annual Winter Marathon, a fun and exciting event that brings students together to promote fitness and teamwork.（运用了that引导的定语从句。） 【高分句型2】The atmosphere was lively, with music, cheers, and plenty of hot chocolate to warm up after the race!（运用了with的复合结构作状语。） 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Sarah Brown bumped into a tall boy from the sixth grade running in the opposite direction when she was turning the corner across the hall to her classroom. “Look out, kid.” The boy let out a yell as he stepped aside to avoid the little third-grader. Then, with laughter, the boy took hold of his left leg and imitated the way Sarah limped (跛脚) when she walked. Sarah pushed herself to close her eyes. “Ignore him,” she told herself when she headed for her classroom as she usually did. But at the end of the day, Sarah was still thinking about the tall boy’s mean teasing. It wasn’t as if today were the only one. It seems that ever since Sarah started the third grade, someone laughed at her constantly. A bunch of kids teased her about her speech or her limping. Sarah was tired of it. Her muscle disorder might confuse the schoolmates of Sarah’s who didn’t understand her disability. Sometimes, even in a classroom full of other students, the mean words made her feel all alone. Back home at the dinner table that evening, Sarah kept quiet, from which her mother knew that things were not going well at school. That’s why Charlotte Brown was happy to have some exciting news to share with her daughter. “There’s a Christmas wish contest on the local newspaper,” Sarah’s mom announced. “Write a letter to Santa, and you might win a prize. I think someone at this table with blonde curly hair should enter.” Sarah nodded. The contest sounded funny and rewarding. She started thinking about what she wanted most for Christmas. And the family members tried to guess what she might ask from Santa. Sarah’s brother, Jack, and Sarah’s dad both guessed a three-foot Barbie doll would be her favorite. Sarah’s mother figured a comic book would top Sarah’s wish list. In the end, a smile took hold of Sarah when the idea came to her. 注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右; 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Sarah took out her pencil and paper, and went to work on her letter. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Two days later, Sarah’s classmates spotted her letter on the newspaper. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Sarah took out her pencil and paper, and went to work on her letter. She poured her heart into it, writing about her dreams and hopes for the holiday season. Instead of asking for something material, she decided to wish for kindness and understanding from her classmates. She wrote, “Dear Santa, this year I wish for everyone to see the beauty in our differences and to treat each other with respect. I hope that no one feels alone or hurt because of how they look or speak. Thank you for listening to my wish!” Two days later, Sarah’s classmates spotted her letter in the newspaper. At first, they were surprised, but then they began to talk about it. Some of the kids who had teased her started to feel guilty and realized how their words had affected her. A few even approached Sarah to apologize, expressing their desire to be more understanding. Sarah felt a warmth in her heart, knowing that her wish was starting to come true, and she was no longer alone. The spirit of kindness and acceptance began to blossom, making her school a better place for everyone. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了萨拉是一名患有肌肉障碍的三年级学生，她经常被同学取笑，就像那个高个子的六年级学生模仿她一瘸一拐的样子。她听腻了那些刻薄的话，吃饭时很安静。她妈妈告诉她当地报纸上有一个圣诞愿望竞赛。萨拉决定给圣诞老人写封信，请求同学们的善意和理解，而不是物质上的东西。两天后，她的同学在报纸上看到了这封信。一些取笑她的人感到内疚并道歉，善良的精神开始在学校传播，使萨拉不再感到孤独。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“萨拉拿出铅笔和纸，开始写她的信。”可知，第一段可描写萨拉写信的内容。 ②由第二段首句内容“两天后，萨拉的同学在报纸上看到了她的信。”可知，第二段可描写一些取笑她的孩子看到信后的反应以及萨拉的感受。 2.续写线索：萨拉开始写信——希望同学们对她友好和理解——写信的内容——同学看到信——向萨拉道歉——感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①决定做某事：decided to do/was determined to do ②.取笑：teased/ made fun of ③.意识到：realized/ was aware of 情绪类 ①.惊讶的：surprised/ astonished ②.内疚的：guilty / compunctious 【点睛】[高分句型1]. She poured her heart into it, writing about her dreams and hopes for the holiday season.（运用了非谓语动词中的现在分词作状语。） [高分句型2]. Some of the kids who had teased her started to feel guilty and realized how their words had affected her.（运用了who引导的定语从句以及how引导的宾语从句。） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$