2025年中考英语语法精讲精练专题一 名 词

初中英语语法精讲精练专题一 名 词 基础考点1 名词的分类及用法 【考点全解】 1.名词属于实词,是用来表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的词。 2.名词的分类。 (1)专有名词 指具体的国名、地名、人名、团体、机构、组织、月份、节日或某一事物所特有的名称。 例China中国 Paris 巴黎 the Pacific Ocean太平洋 Wednesday星期三 March 三月 Einstein 爱因斯坦 the North Pole 北极 the Great Wall 长城 Q易错提醒 1.专有名词中,实词的首字母要大写。但虚词一般不需要大写,如:a, an,the,in, on,at,with, for。例the United Nations联合国 the Changjiang River 长江 2.当所有字母大写时,冠词、介词等虚词也需要大写。 例 THE LITTLE BEAR 小熊座 (2)普通名词 普通名词是表示某一类人、事物或抽象概念的名词。普通名词又分为可数名词和不可数名词。分类如下表所示: 类别 定义 例词 可数名词 个体名词 指表示单个人或事物的名词 desk 桌子dog 狗city 城市cook厨师boss 老板tent 帐篷 集体名词 指表示一群人或一些事物的名词,是不可分割的整体 group团体team团队 army军队police 警察 public公众 people 人民 不可数名词 抽象名词 指表示某种品质、感情、状态、动作等抽象概念及疾病等名称的词 friendship友谊health健康beauty美 courage勇气 peace和平 love爱 responsibility 责任 temperature 温度 物质名词 指看得见、摸得着的具体东西,无法分成个体的物质或材料等名称的词 air 空气rice 大米tea 茶water 水coffee 咖啡rain 雨 【题模全练】 1.-Would you like something to drink, Tara? -Yes, I'd like some . A. Sandwiches B. hot dogs C. Water D.bread 【解析】句意:-你想喝点什么吗,塔拉?-一是的,我想要一些水。本题考查名词的分类,在问题中询问的是“要不要一些喝的”,A选项,sandwiches三明治;B选项,hot dogs 热狗;C选项,water水;D选项,bread而包。其中有且只有C选项“水”为饮品,故选C。 2.-Which class won the basketball match? - did. A. Class Third B. Class Three C. Third Class D. Three Class 【解析】句意:-哪个班赢了篮球比赛?-三班赢了。在英语中,三班译为Class Three,根 据句意判断,故选B。 3.-Jack, I want to go to to see a dentist. Could you tell me the address? -No problem. A. Room 606 B. No.2 Hospital C. Fifth Avenue 【解析】句意:-杰克,我想去第二医院看看牙医。你能告诉我地址吗?-没有问题。A选项,Room 606 606房间;B选项,No.2Hospital第二医院;C选项,FifhAvenue第五大街。由语境“to see a dentist”可知,这个人要去的是医院,故选B。 基础考点2 名词变复数的常见规则变化 【考点全解】 1. 一般情况下,在可数名词词尾加 s。 例 I'd like fruit salad, so I need some apples and bananas apple + s banana + s 我想做水果沙拉,所以我需要一些苹果和香蕉。 map maps地图 desk desks 书桌 book books 书 car cars 汽车 piece pieces 片 cat cats猫 pet pets 宠物 student students 学生 fiend fiends朋友 cup cups 杯子 word words单词 hand hands手 2. 以 s,x,sh,ch 结尾的词,词尾加 es。 例 I'd like fruit salad,too.But I like peaches. peach + es 我也要做水果沙拉,但我喜欢桃子。 bus buses 公交车 box boxes 盒子 brush brushes 剧子 match matches 火柴 watch watches 手表 glass glasses 玻璃杯 Q易错提醒 特例,以ch 结尾的词,词尾加S。 例 stomach stomachs 胃 3. 以元音字母加y结尾的名词变复数,直接加 S。 例 How about monkeys? 猴子怎么样? monkey+s day days 白天 holiday holidays 假期 pay ' pays 报酬 key keys 钥匙 donkey - donkeys 驴 toy toys 玩具 way ways 方法 boy boys男孩 play plays 游戏 4. 以辅音字母加y结尾的名词变复数,先变y为i再加 es。 例 A monkey is looking after its babies,一只猴子在照顾它的猴宝宝们。 变y为i+es party parties 聚会 country countries 国家 city cities 城市 army armies 军队 family families 家庭 factory - factories 工厂 fly flies 苍蝇 spy spies 间谍 story stories 故事 Q易错提醒 以辅音字母加y结尾的专有名词,复数形式直接加s。 例 Henrys. 5.以f或fe 结尾的名词,先将f或fe变为v,再加es。 例 They are wolves!它们是狼! 变f为 v+cs half halves一半 wife wives 妻子 thief thieves 小偷 leaf leaves 树叶 knife knives 刀 self selves 自己 shelf shelves 书架 life lives 生命 wolf wolves 狼 Q记忆口诀变f或fe为 v+es 的常用名词: 半片(half)树叶(leaf) 自己(self)黄 妻子(wife )拿刀(knife)去杀狼(wolf); 小偷(thief)架(shelf)后逃命(life)亡。 6.一般以o结尾的名词变复数直接加 s。 例photo photos 照片 piano pianos 钢琴 radio radios 收音机 z00 zoos 动物园 bamboo bamboos 竹子 video videos 录像 kilo kilos 千克 kangaroo kangaroos 袋鼠 7.特殊以o结尾的名词变复数,词尾加 es。 例 hero heroes 英雄 potato potatoes 土豆 tomato tomatoes 西红柿 mango mangoes芒果 volcano - volcanoes 火山口 @记忆口诀 以o结尾的加 es 的常用名词: 英雄(hero)坐在火山口(volcano)吃着西红柿(tomato)、土豆(potato)和芒果(mango). 【题模全练】 1.This is bag. Those are my . 【解析】句意;这是一个包。那些是我的书。根据题意,可知第一个空表示泛指,故填a;由于第二个空前的主语是复数,故表语也是复数,故填books。结合意,故选C。 A.a; book B./; book C.a; books D./;books 2.-How many are there in your classroom? -There are twenty. 【解析】句意:-你们教室里有多少男孩?-二十个。How many提问可数名词的数量,boy是以元音字母加y结尾,所以变复数直接在词尾加s,故选B。 A. Boy B.boys C. boies 3. The film brought back some good . A. Memory B.memorize C. memories D. memorizes 【解析】句意:这部电影唤起了一些美好的回忆。根据题干中的some可知其后用名词复数形式。A选项,memory是名词单数;B选项,memorize是动词原形;D选项,memorizes是动词的第人称单数形式。故选C。 4.Selena has many , such as drawing, dancing and taking photos. A. Hobbies B.resolutions C.promises D.schoolwork 【解析】句意:赛琳娜有很多爱好,例如画画、跳舞、拍照。many修饰可数名词的复数,赛琳娜的爱好很多,即hobby,是以辅音字母加y结尾,所以变复数要变y为i加es,故选A。5. There are some in these . A.knifes; pencil-boxes B.knives; pencil-box C. knifes; pencil-box D.knives; pencil-boxes 【解析】句意:在这些铅笔盒里有几把小刀。根据题干中的are,可知some后应该用可数名词的复数形式,knife“刀子”的复数形式为把fe变为v再加es,所以排除A、C选项。因为box为可数名词,以x结尾,变复数要加es,故选D。 6. There are two and six in the zo0. A. kangaroos; wolfs B.kangaroos; wolves C.kangarooes; wolves D. kangarooes; wolfs 【解析】句意:动物园里有两只袋鼠和六只狼。本题考查名词变复数,kangaroo的复数形式为直接在词尾加 s,wolf的复数形式为把f变成v再加 es,故选 B。 基础考点3 名词变复数的不规则变化 【考点全解】 1.名词中间有元音字母变 00 为 ee。 例 Its teeth are big!它的牙很大。 foot feet脚 goose geese 鹅 Q易错提醒并不是所有中间有元音字母00的名词变复数都变00为ee。 例 book books书 room rooms 房间 2.男人、女人变复数,变a为e。 例 Be a man!像个男人一样。 man men男人 woman women女人 3.词尾发生变化。 例 mouse mice老鼠 child children 孩子 4.名词单复数同形。 例How many fish are there? 这儿有多少鱼啊? 指数量,表复数 sheep sheep羊 deer deer 鹿 fish fish 鱼 Q易错提醒 有些名词只有复数形式。例如,clothes 衣服,trousers裤子,glasscs 眼镜,scissors剪子。这类名词一般不用具体的数字修饰。例如,不说two trousers,但能说many trousers、two pairs of trousers等。 5.名词变复数之某国人。 (1)中国人、日本人单复数同形。 例 Chinese are good-looking,too.中国人也好看。 Chinese Chinese 中国人 Japanese Japanese 日本人 (2)英国人、法国人变复数有变化。 例 He is an Englishman.They are Englishmen,too.他是个英国人,他们也是英国人 Englishman Englishmen英国人 (3)其余国家人变复数,后面直接加 s。 Frenchman Frenchmen法国人 例She is a German.They are Germans,too.她是个德国人。他们也是德国人。 American Americans 美国人 Canadian Canadians 加拿大人 German Germans 德国人 Russian Russians 俄罗斯人 Q 记忆口诀 中日不变,英法变,其余后面加S。 Q要点提升 像Chinese,Japanese,既可以说“I'm Chinese/Japanese.”,也可以说“I'm a Chinese/因为Chinese/Japanese 既是形容词“中国的/日本的”,也是名词“中国人/日本Japanese.”人”。但是,像English/French这类词,可以说“I'm Englishman/Frenchman.”或者“I'm an Englishman/Frenchman.”,但是不可以说“I’m an English/French.”。 【顾模全练】 1,What are these? -They're and . A. sheep; hens B. hens: ship C. horse: sheep D.sheep; horse D. 【解析】句意;-这些是什么?-它们是绵羊和母鸡。根据题干中的“these”可知应用名词 的复数形式,sheep单复数同形,hens是hen的复数形式,其他选项都不符合题干要求,故选A。 2.-Two died in the accident. - terrible it is! A. policemen: How B. policeman; What C.police: What D.policemans; How 【解析】句意:-两个警察在这场事故中丧生了。-太可怕了!本题考查名词变复数和感叹句的用法。policeman的复数形式是把a变成c。第二个空后面有形容词terrible,所以用how引起感叹句。故选 A。 3. How many are there in the picture? A. Foot B. feet C. foots D. feets 【解析】句意:这张图里有多少只脚?how many后面接可数名词的复数形式,foot的复数是 feet,故选 B。 4. Some of the are playing basketball. A. boy B. girl C.children D. child 【解析】句意:有一些孩子正在打篮球。由be动词是are,可知前面是一个复数的主语,且因“some of the”后面加可数名词复数形式,故选C。 5.How many are there in the International School? A. Chinese B. Russian C.American D. Australian 【解析】句意:在国际学校里有多少中国人?How many后面接可数名词的复数形式。A选项,Chinese 中国人,单复数同形;B选项,Russian俄罗斯的,俄罗斯语,俄罗斯人,复数形式是词尾加s;C选项,American美国的,美国人,复数形式是词尾加s;D选项,Australian澳大利亚的,澳大利亚人,复数形式是词尾加s。选项中,复数形式只有Chinese,故选A。 6,-Could you please tell me something about the two ? - . They are exchange students of No.1 Middle School. A. Frenchmen; Yes, please B, Frenchmans; Come on C. Germen; Not at all D. Germans; All right 【解析】句意:-你能告诉我一些关于那两个德国人的事吗?-好的,他们是第一中学的交换生。本题考查名词的复数及请求的应答语。由句中are可知此处用名词的复数形式,Frenchman和German的复数分别为Frenchmen和Germans,故排除B、C两项。“Could you please.”的肯定回答为Allright。故选D。 7. the Japanese people English? A.Do; talk B. Does; talk C.Do; speak D.Does; speak 【解析】句意:日本人会说英语吗?根据题意,可知Japanese在这里是集体概念的名词,是复数形式。讲英语,用动词speak,而不能用talk。故选C。 基础考点4 名词变复数的“奇葩”变化 【考点全解】 1.字母结尾直接加s或's(这里的's不是所有格)。 例 There are three t’s in the word“attention”.在单词attention 中有三个t. 2.语法意义不同,复数形式不同的名词。 (1)work表示“工作”时,为不可数名词,无复数形式;表示“著作、作品”时,单数形式为work,复数形式为works。 例 I have to take work home.我得把工作带回家做。(work表示“工作”) I love the works of Shakespeare.我喜欢莎士比亚的作品。(work表示“著作、作品”) (2)paper表示“纸”时,为不可数名词,无复数形式;表示“文件”时,单数形式为paper,复数形式为 papers。 例 a piece of paper 一张纸(paper 表示“纸”) I'm still working on my papers,我还在忙着写论文。(paper 表示“论文、文件”) (3)room表示“空间”时,为不可数名词,无复数形式;表示“房间”时,单数形式为room,复数形式为rooms。 例 There is little room left,这里几乎没什么空间了。(room 表示“空间”) There are five rooms in the house.房子里有五个房间。(room表示“房间”) 【题模全练】 The lift is so crowded that there is no more to stand in. A.room B. a room C. Rooms D. any rooms 【解析】句意:电梯里太挤了,没有空间可以站了。room表示“房间”时,是可数名词,但表示“空间’时则是不可数名词;“so+adj.+that”表示“如此……以至于……”。根据题意“no moreto standin”,可知“没有空间可以站了”,此处room表示“空间”,是不可数名词,故可排除BC、D 选项,故选 A。 基础考点5 名词变复数之复合名词 【考点全解】 1.复合名词指由两个或两个以上的名词构成的词。 2.复合名词变复数的一般规律:n.+n. n.+n.s。 例 Feifei, are there any book shops near here? 飞飞,附近有书店吗? n.+n.s computer game computer games 电脑游戏 potato noodle- potato noodles 土豆面条 football - footballs 足球 bus ticket- bus tickets 公交车票 3.复合名词变复数的特殊规律:man/woman+n. men/women +n.so 例 All the men teachers in our school are reading books here,我们学校的所有男老师都在这儿看书。 men +n.s a man doctor men doctors 男医生 a man servant men servants 男仆人 a woman driver women drivers 女司机 a man nurse men nurses男护士 Q易错提醒 复合名词变复数特殊的地方不在“男女”,而在“man和woman”这两个单词上。 例 三个女医生three women doctors 三位女学生 three girl students Q要点提升 中间有连字符或间隔的复合名词的复数形式是将其中的中心词变成复数。 例 father-in-law fathers-in-law岳父,公公 mother-in-law mothers-in-law岳母,婆婆 grown-up five grown-ups 成年人 【题模全练】 1. These are my photos. A. family B. families C. family's 【解析】句意:这些是我的家庭照片。这里的family是名词作定语修饰后面的名词photo,所以family本身不用发生变化,故选A。 2. I have three sisters.They are all . A. woman teacher B. woman teachers C. women teacher D. women teachers 【解析】句意:我有三个姐姐,她们都是女老师。表示“男/女+职业名称”的名词变复数,不仅后面的名词要变复数,man/woman也要变为men/women,故选D。 3. They are in a factory. A. a factory worker B. factory workers C. factories workers D. factories worker 【解析】句意:他们是一个工厂里的工人。这里的factory是名词作定语,来修饰后面的名词,所以factory本身不用发生变化。又因为前面的主语用的是复数形式,所以worker需要变复数,故选B。 4.-How many teachers are there in your school? - them over two hundred. A.woman; The number of; is B.women; The number of; is C.woman; A number of; is D. women; A number of; are 【解析】句意:-你们学校有多少女老师?-女老师的数量超过二百人。how many多少,后接可数名词的复数形式;woman teacher为情况特殊的复合名词,变复数时前后都需要变复数,即women teachers;a number of许多,修饰可数名词的复数形式;the number of数目,数量,后面的系动词用单数形式is。故选B。 基础考点6 不可数名词 【考点全解】 1.不可数名词的概念。 不可数名词一般只有单数形式,没有复数形式,前面不能用不定冠词(a/an)、数词或many等词语修饰,后面没有s。 例 Can I have some meat,a bowl of rice and a cup of tea?我可以吃一点肉,一碗饭,再来一杯茶吗? peace 和平 rice 米饭 water 水 meat 肉 bread 面包 money 钱 love 爱 tea 茶 air空气 milk 牛奶 2.不可数名词的量化表达。 有些不可数名词在表示不同含义时也会表现出可数性,这时,就需要用公式“数词/冠词+量词+of+不可数名词”来表示。 例 Just give me two pieces of bread,please.请给我两片面包。 数词+量词 +of+ 不可数名词 five pieces of paper 五张纸 a piece of paper 一张纸 three glasses of milk 三杯牛奶 two cups of tea 两杯茶 Q要点提升 1.常考不可数名词。 类别 流体 食品 非食品 food 食物 fruit 水果 drink 饮料 clothing 衣服 money 钱 furniture 家具 population 人口 water 水 tea 茶 milk 牛奶 air 空气 wine 葡萄酒 juice 果汁 coffee咖啡 meat 肉 bread 面包 chicken 鸡肉 beef牛肉 butter 黄油 rice 大米 cheese 奶酪 paper 纸张 glass 玻璃 wood 木头 cotton 棉花 rain 雨 snow 雪 chalk 粉笔 2.可以修饰不可数名词的词或短语有:a lot of,lots of,some,much,a little,little,plenty of,a bit of, a large amount of. 【题模全练】 1. Wang Baoqiang is so popular here. Look! There is news about him. A. so many B. so much C. a few D. a little 【解析】句意:王宝强在这儿如此受欢迎。看!这儿有很多关于他的新闻。本题考查词组辨析,初中英语语法 137 个核心考点此题可用“分析句意法”来做。A选项,somany如此多,后跟可数名词复数;B选项,so much如此多,后跟不可数名词复数;C选项,afew一些,修饰可数名词;D选项,alitle 一些,修饰不可数名词。news为不可数名词,故选B。 2. Will you please give me on how to study English? A. an advice B. some advice C. some advices D.advice 【解析】句意:你愿意给我一些如何学习英语的建议吗?本题考查固定搭配,“give sb.some advice 给某人一些建议”,故选B。 3.-What do Lily and Jack want to drink? -Please give them . A. two glasses of water B. two glass of water C.two glasses water 【解析】句意:-莉莉和杰克想喝什么?-请给他们两杯水。water是不可数名词,two后面的名词 glass 应该用复数形式,故选A。 基础考点7名词所有格的基本用法 【考点全解】 名词所有格是对所有关系的表达,在英语中统称为所有格,译为“……的”。 1.-’s所有格的基本用法。 (1)通常表示有生命物的名词的所有关系。 例It's my dog’s food.这是我狗狗的食物。 dog+'s Guanguan's food 关关的食物 Feifei's food 飞飞的食物 Tom's home 汤姆的家 Dogs’ food 狗狗们的食物 Teachers’Day教师节 Marry's nose 玛丽的鼻子 (2)有些表示时间、距离、自然现象、国家等无生命事物的名词,也可以用加-’s来构成所有格。例 an hour's bus ride 一小时的公交车程 five thousand miles’ distance 五千英里的距离China's history中国的历史 Beijing's population 北京的人口 (3)谁的地盘谁做主,如在职业类名词后加-’s,表示工作的场所;在人的称呼后加-’s,则表示 居住地。 例 at the doctors在医院 at the barber's在理发店 my uncle's 我舅舅家 at the butcher's 在肉铺 at the Whites’在怀特家 at the dentists在牙科诊所 2. of 所有格的基本用法。 通常表示无生命物的名词的所有关系。 例the windows of the classroom 教室的窗户 the title of the novel 小说的名字 the door of the classroom 教室的门 the end of the road 路的尽头 the floor of the classroom 教室的地板 the subject of the sentence 句子的主语 Q要点提升 1. -s所有格可以用来构成不同的节日。 例 Women's Day妇女节 Teachers' Day教师节 Mother's Day母亲节 2. 双重所有格:在结构中既出现了-’s的所有格,又出现了of所有格的形式,其表达形式为“of+-'s所有格/名词性物主代词” 例 a book of my sister's我姐姐的一本书 two books of my sister's我姐姐的两本书 【题模全练】 1. Today is September 10th. It's Day. Let's go and buy some flowers for our teachers. A.Teachers B. Teachers’ C. the Teachers’ D. Teacher's 【解析】句意:今天是九月十日,是教师节。我们去给老师买些花吧。教师节在英文中的表达为“Teachers' Day”,前面没有任何冠词,故选B。 2. This is my room. It's very tidy. A. parents B. parent's C. parents’ 【解析】句意:这是我父母的房间,它很整洁。父母的复数形式为“parents”,结合名词所有格的语法要求,名词后面有s时,只在后面加上一构成所属关系,故选C。 3. This is . A. a school's picture B. a picture of school's C. a school picture D. a picture of a school 【解析】句意:这是一幅学校的图片。本题考查无生命的名词所有格,应用“所有物+of+名词”的形式,故选 D。 基础考点8 名词所有格之“分别有”与“共同有” 【考点全解】 1.名词所有格之“共同拥有”。 由and连接的两个或多个名词,表示共同拥有时,只需将最后一个名词变为所有格形式。 例 This is Guanguan and Feifei's pig. “关关和飞飞的猪”,指同一头猪 2.名词所有格之“各自拥有”。 由and 连接的两个或多个名词,表示各自拥有时,则每个名词都要变为所有格形式。 例These are Guanguan's and Feifei's pigs. “关关的猪和飞飞飞的猪”,指两头猪 Q记忆口诀 共同拥有最后加,各自拥有各自加。 Q要点提升 可根据名词的单复数,来判断究竟是表示共同拥有还是各自拥有。 例 This is Guanguan and Feifei's pig.(名词为单数,表共同拥有) These are Guanguan's and Feifei's pigs.(名词为复数,表各自拥有) 【题模全练】 1. This is bedroom. A. Lucy and Lily's B. Lucy's and Lily's C. Lucy's and Lily D.Lucy and Lily 【解析】句意:这是露西和莉莉的卧室。事物归两个人共同所有,只在最后一个人名后加's;如果表示分别所有,则分别加'S。根据句意可知,只有一间卧室,所以是莉莉和露西共同所有,故选A。 2. They're fathers. A. Tom and Jack B. Tom's and Jack's C. Tom's and Jack D. Tom and Jack's 【解析】句意:他们是汤姆和杰克的爸爸。fathers是复数,所以此处表示的是汤姆和杰克各自的父亲,根据名词所有格的用法可知,应在这两个人名后都加's,故选B。 3. room is very nice. A. Tina's and Gina's B. Tina and Gina's C. Tina's and Gina D. Tina and Gina 【解析】句意:蒂娜和吉娜的房间很漂亮。因为room为单数,所以应当是两个人共有,表示两人共有时,只在最后的名字后加's,故选B。 进阶考点9名词易混点之同义词辨析 [考点全解】 1.问题,question 和 problem 的辨析。 question problem 辨析 指能够具体回答的问题,一般和answer,ask连用。 指不能直接回答的、不具体的、解决起来棘手的难题,一般和 do with,deal with 连用。 例句 The students are asking the teacher some questions.学生们正在向老师问一些问题。 The students are working on a math problem.学生们正在解一道数学题。 2.工作,work 和 job 的辨析。 work job 辨析 不可数名词,指要做的事情。 可数名词,专门指具体种类的工作。 例句 I have a lot of work to do. 我有许多工作要做。 He has three jobs.他有三份工作。 3.家,house, home 和 family 的辨析。 house home family 辨析 指由水泥、砖块等盖成的方块体-房屋。 侧重指人的内心对家的温暖感觉,人思想中的家,带有感情色彩。 侧重表达由家人组成的大家庭和构成家庭的每个成员,即家庭或家人。 例句 My house is colder than yours. 我家比你家冷。 l miss my home.我想家。 My family is a big one.我的家庭是一个大家庭。 My family like chatting together,我的家人喜欢在一起聊天。 【题模全练】 1. I like the red skirt. The is that I have no money for it. A. matter B. question C. thing D.problem 【解析】句意:我喜欢红色的裙子。问题是我没有钱买它。A选项,matter事情,麻烦,指具有某种特征的事例;B选项,question一般与“疑问”有关,需要解答;C选项,thing东西,事情;D选项,problem,一般与“困难”有关,多指困难的事,是需要“解决”(solve,workout)的。根据语境,可以推知“我没有钱买它”,强调的是需要解决的问题,故选D。 2. Da shan was born in Canada, but China has become his second . A. family B.hometown C. house 【解析】句意:大山出生于加拿大,但中国已成为他的第二个故乡。A选项,family家庭;B选项,hometown故乡;C选项,house家。根据语境,故选B。 3.-What's her ? She is a teacher.She has a lot of to do. B. A.work;work B.job; job C.work; job D.job; work 【解析】句意:-她的工作是什么?-她是个老师,她有很多工作要做。根据句意可知,第一个空是在问她的工作种类,即用job,且可数;最后说到她有好多工作要去做,这里指的是工作内容,用work,且不可数,故选 D。 进阶考点10名词易混点之熟词生义 【考点全解】 1.cup 的词义辨析。 (1)名词,译为“杯子” 例 I like the red cup.我喜欢那个红色的杯子。 (2)动词,译为“把手做杯状”。 例 The boy cupped his hand behind one ear,男孩把一只手握成杯状放在耳后。 2.head 的词义辨析。 (1)名词,译为“头”。 例 There is a leaf on her head.有一片树叶在她头上。 (2)动词,译为“朝,往”。 例-Where are you going?你要去哪里? -I'm heading for my school.我要去学校 3.pick up 的词义辨析。 (1)捡起,拾起。 例 She picks up the pencil on the floor, 她捡起地上的铅笔 (2)开车去接某人。 例 He picks me up at the airport.他开车到机场接我。 (3)学会。 例 I picked up a little French when I travelled in France.我在法国旅行的时候,顺带学会了点法语。 【题模全练】 1.-How do you look after your goldfish? -They need clean water, and remember not to with your hands. A. pick them up B. put them out C. look them up D. put up them 【解析】句意:-你怎么照顾你的金鱼?-一它们需要干净的水,记住不要用你的手把它们捡起来。pick sth.up 把某物捡起来。put sth.out 把某物放在外面。put up张贴,悬挂;look up 查阅资料,查字典;向上看。根据题意,故选A。 2. There are three books on the floor. Please . A. pick up them B. pick it up C. pick them up D. pick up it 【解析】句意:在地板上有三本书,请把它们捡起来。pickup捡起,如果宾语是代词则要放在动词词组中间,故排除A、D选项。代替上文中的三本书要用代词them,故选C。 3. I'm going to my daughter. It's time for her to leave school. A. Pick B. pick up C. pick out D. pick to 【解析】句意:我打算去接我女儿。她到了放学的时候了。此题考查动词piekup的用法,piek up除了表示“捡起”,还可以表示“接送某人”;C选项,pick out表示“挑选”;D选项,piekto没有特别意义。故选B。 名词 专题突破 【名词的分类】 1.-Excuse me, sir, Here's a package for Lin Tao. Which room does he live in? - . A. 308 Room B.Room 308 C. The Room 308 D. The 308 Room 2.-Can you tell me when is? -Yes. It's on the third Sunday in June. A. Mother's Day B. Father's Day C. Tree Planting Day D. Thanksgiving Day 【名词变复数的规则变化】 3. Yibin is one of the most beautiful in Sichuan. A. city B. cities C. citys 4. Look! There ten bags of milk on the . A.is; shelfs B. are: shelves C.is; shelves D. are; shelfs 5. Two and a set of are on the desk. A. watch; key B. watches; key C.watch; keys D. watches; keys 6.-How did you put together the robot so perfectly,dear? -It's easy, I just followed the A. Instructions B. instruments C.interviews D.inventions 7. Could you teach me how to use these to cut the food, Uncle? A. glasses B. knives C. pens D. fruit 8. Cici enjoys dancing. It's one of her . A. prize B. prizes C. hobby D. hobbies 9.-Mom, please give me two .I want to make vegetable salad. -OK. Here you are. A. tomato B. tomatoes C. tomatos 10.-Have you heard of Lin Zexu and Zhan Tianyou? -Of course. They are our national . A. hero B. heros C. heroes D. hero's 11.-What would you like for breakfast? -I'd like . A. tomato noodle B. tomato noodles C. tomatoes noodle D. tomatoes noodles 12.This bookstore sells many English ( dictionary ).You can choose what you like. 【名词变复数的不规则变化】 13. Wendy keeps two little as pets. How lovely they are! A. chicken B. fish C. sheeps D. dog 14. Do you know how many you have? A. tooths B. toothes C.teeth 15. How many do you know there are in the international village? A. Chinese B. Russian C. American D. German 16. They are from .They are . A.Germany: Germans B. Germans; Germany C.German; Germany D.Germany; Germen 17. All the teachers enjoyed themsefves on March 8th, because it was their own holiday. A man B. men C. woman D. women 18.More and more ( child ) like to travel around the country with their families. 19. Jack bought a in a shoe shop yesterday. A. pair of shoes B. pairs of shoes C. pair of two shoes D. pair of shoe 20.Several are talking under the tree. And their are swimming in the lake. A, woman: children B. woman; child C.women; children D. women; child 【名词变复数的奇葩变化】 21. Dan rushed into the classroom, shouting excitedly that he had brought back a of good news for us. A. pair B. number C. piece D. sign 22.- Oh, dear! There isn't enough for us in the lift. -No hurry, Let's wait for the next. A. floor B. seat C. room D. ground 【复合名词】 23. Do you have two ? A. tennis racket B.tennis rackets C. tennis’ racket D. tennis’ rackets 24.There are more than one hundred teachers in our school, and most of them are . A. men's teachers B. man teachers C. men teacher D. men teachers 25, There will be more and more ( woman ) engineers in the future. 26. I went to the hospital yesterday. I found a few there. A. man nurses B. men nurse C. men nurses 【不可数名词 】 27.His short and black. A. hairs are B. hair are C. hair is D. hairs is 28.-How many would you like? -Two, please. A. cups of tea B. cup of teas C. cups of teas D. cup of tea 29. There are three on the table. A. bottle of orange juice B. bottles of orange juice C. bottles of orange juices D. bottle of orange juices 30.-How much do you want? -Two bottles, please. A. egg B. milk C. apple D. potato 31.Perhaps you have many creative to make your family time more enjoyable. A. ideas B. thought C. advice D.suggestion 【名词所有格】 32. This is my dress, That one is . A. Mary's B. my sister C.mother D. Mary 33.Is that a nice picture your family? A.of B.in C.at 34. This is a . A. map of Beijing B. Beijing map C. map Beijing D. map in Beijing 35. room is big and bright, They like it very much. A. Mike and Sam B. Tom's and Sam C. Tom and Sam's D. Tom's and Sam's 36. mother went to their room and cleaned it. A. Lucy and Lily B. Lucy's and Lily's C. Lucy and Lily's D. Lucy's and Lily 37. These are bikes. A. Jim and Sam's B. Jim's and Sam C. Jim and Sam D. Jim's and Sam's 38. Mrs, Bond is an old friend of . A. Jack mother B. Jack mother's C. Jack's mother D. Jack's mother's 39.-Who's the woman under the tree? -She's aunt. A. Kelly and Joe's B. Kelly's and Joe C. Kelly's and Joe's 40,-How far is it from your home to school? -It's about twenty walk. A. minute's B. minutes’ C.minutes 41.-Look at that photo. What a happy family! -Yes, it's a photo my family. A. at B. for C. of D.in 【名词易混点辨析】 42. There are three books on the floor, Please . A. pick up them B. pick it up C. pick them up D. pick up it 43.-Do you have any plans for Saturday? -To tell you the truth, 1 have nothing in for Saturday. A. head B. mind C. heart D. brain 44. Yesterday Lucy told us such good that we are all amazed at it. A. news B. ideas C. suggestion D. answer 45.-Look! Here comes Cindy! She is always full of . -So she is. Because she takes a lot of exercise every day. A. Knowledge B.courage C.change D.energy 46. Mr, Li regards Liaocheng as his second because he has here for many years. A.home; come B. house; been C. family; been D. home; lived 47. Tom gets in China. A.a job B.work C. a work D. job 48.-Do you know about the scientist Tu Youyou? -Yes, she won the 2015 Nobel Prize in Medicine because of her great . A. surprise B.achievement C.education D. satisfaction 参考答案: 1. B 2.B 3.B 4.B 5.D 6.A 7.B 8.D 9.B 10.C 11.B 12.dictionaries 13.B 14.C 15.A 16.A 17.D 18.children 19.A20.C 21.C 22.C 23.B 24.D 25.women 26.C 27.C 28.A 29.B 30.B 31.A 32.A 33.A 34.A 35.C 36.C 37.D 38.D 39.A 40.B 41.C 42.C 43.B 44.A 45.D 46.D 47.A 48.B 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$