27 神州-18、神州-19再创新辉煌-2024-2025学年八年级英语时文热点专项训练

27 神州-18、神州-19再创新辉煌 刷新纪录了！ 新华社 2024年12月18日 08:21 北京 神舟十九号航天员乘组圆满完成第一次出舱活动 宋令东成为我国首名太空出舱“90后”航天员 ↑12月17日在北京航天飞行控制中心拍摄的神舟十九号航天员宋令东在空间站组合体舱外工作的画面。新华社记者 李杰 摄 9小时！神十九乘组刷新中国航天员单次出舱活动时长纪录 神舟十九号航天员蔡旭哲、宋令东、王浩泽密切协同，于17日完成首次出舱活动，用时9小时，刷新了中国航天员单次出舱活动时长纪录。 此前的纪录为约8.5小时，是由神舟十八号航天员乘组创造的。 神十九乘组这次出舱活动中，航天员宋令东成为我国首位进行出舱活动的“90后”航天员。截至目前，中国航天员已圆满完成18次出舱活动。 据中国载人航天工程办公室介绍，按计划，神舟十九号载人飞行任务期间还将实施人员和应用载荷出舱活动，并开展大量科学实验与技术试验。（记者：李国利、黄一宸） 来源：新华社 一、阅读理解 A In 2003, China sent its first astronaut, Yang Liwei, into space. Since then, many Chinese astronauts also “reached for the stars”. Zhai Zhigang, Cai Xuzhe, Song Lingdong, and Wang Haoze are some of them. The last three carried out the tasks (执行任务) of Shenzhou-19 in space. Do you dream of becoming an astronaut like them? To be an astronaut, you need to be very healthy. Good eyesight and a strong heart are important. You’d better not have any small problems. For example, a decayed tooth (龋齿) could get worse in space and bring problems for astronauts. In China, you must be a great pilot before you can be an astronaut. You must fly more than 600 hours without accidents (事故). And then you might start hard training after becoming a backup astronaut. For example, you have to wear a 200kg suit and do tasks underwater for six or seven hours without eating or going to the toilet. This is like doing tasks in spacewalks. Education is important as well. Astronauts take about 60 courses to get ready for a task, such as math, English, science, and many more. So they can also do scientific experiments (实验) in space. However, it’s possible that backup astronauts can never go to space. During the Shenzhou-18 task, only three astronauts could go into space. But there are other backup astronauts. They are also heroes of this great space program. 1．Who are the members of the Shenzhou-19 task? ①Yang Liwei  ②Cai Xuzhe  ③Song Lingdong ④Zhai Zhigang  ⑤Wang Haoze A．①③④ B．②④⑤ C．②③⑤ 2．What might happen if astronauts have a decayed tooth in space? A．They might have heart problems.B．They will have bad eyesight. C．Their tooth decay might become worse. 3．Who may be called a “backup astronaut”? A．Jenny—She can do the same tasks as other astronauts but never took a task in space before. B．John—He carried out two tasks in space in the past three years. C．Tom—He is in good health and good at science, math, and English. 4．What training should an astronaut take? A．Flying an airplane for about 600 days. B．Wearing special clothes and doing tasks underwater. C．Practicing spacewalks for six or seven hours every day. 5．What question can we find the answer from the passage? A．How do astronauts stay healthy in space? B．What does it take to become an astronaut? C．Why does one need to be a pilot before being an astronaut? B What great news! On October 30, 2024, China successfully launched (发射) the Shenzhou-19 spaceship. There are three great astronauts in it: Cai Xuze, Song Lingdong and Wang Haoze. Cai Xuze, the group leader, has spaceflight experience before. Song Lingdong and Wang Haoze, the post-90s astronauts, are on their first space trips. Wang is even the first woman spaceflight engineer (工程师) in China. The astronauts entered the Tiangong space station and met the astronaut team of Shenzhou-18 last Wednesday. They lived and worked together to finish some tasks. The newcomers will stay in the space station for 6 months. There are quite a few important things to do. They will do different experiments (实验), such as space life science and space medicine. Then they need to have spacewalks to put on new special devices (装置) for the the spaceship and plan to give space classes to young students from all over the world. The success of the Shenzhou-19 mission shows China is doing better in space technology. And behind the success, it is the hard work of Chinese astronauts and scientists. They show us that nothing is too far if we keep reaching for it. 6．Who is the group leader of Shenzhou-19? A．Cai Xuze. B．Song Lingdong. C．Wang Haoze. 7．Which task is NOT mentioned (提及) in the text? A．Doing experiments. B．Giving some space gifts. C．Puting on new special devices. 8．What can we know from the passage? A．Wang Haoze is the first woman into the space. B．China is better at space technology. C．Astronauts will only give space classes to Chinese students. 9．What is the main idea of the passage? A．The life of the astronauts in the space station. B．The spaceship Shenzhou-19. C．The astronauts and tasks of Shenzhou-19. C China has named the nation’s first Mars rover (火星车) Zhu Rong. For all of us, Zhu Rong is a special name. In an ancient Chinese story, Zhu Rong had the face of a man and the body of an animal. He rode on two dragons. When he fought with Gong Gong, the god of water, Zhu Rong won. But after the fight, the human world came into complete darkness. Then he brought fire from heaven to the world. “People believe Zhu Rong is the earliest god of fire in Chinese culture,” a space worker said. “The name of Zhu Rong is a symbol of light and hope for space exploration in our country. It also has a meaning of guiding humans to go on with the exploration.” After reaching Mars, Zhu Rong circled (环行) Mars for several months and landed on it in May. Since a few years ago, our country has sent up the world’s first quantum satellite (量子卫星), and Chang’e-5 has made a soft landing on the moon. We have made great progress in space exploration already. For example, China has just sent Shenzhou-18 to space on Spring. Nothing is impossible for Chinese people! China’s space exploration will certainly do much better in the future. 10．Zhu Rong brought ______ from heaven to the world. A．fire B．water C．war D．gold 11．The underlined word “exploration” in Paragraph 3 means “______” in Chinese. A．创造 B．采纳 C．检验 D．探索 12．According to the passage, we can know that ______. A．Zhu Rong is a bad person in an ancient Chinese story B．Chang’e-5 has made a soft landing on Mars C．the writer is proud of China’s space technology D．the writer doesn’t like the name Zhu Rong D “Are we alone? What’s out there?” Looking up at the stars, people have always wanted to learn more about space, and scientists have been working hard to find the secrets of the universe. Here we’re going to go through a timeline of the important moments of space exploration (探索). What is the Big Bang Theory (理论)? The Big Bang Theory is an idea about how our universe began. Many scientists believe that everything in the universe was pressed together and then it separated into smaller pieces very quickly about 14 billion years ago to create the universe. The Big Bang is thought to be the beginning of everything in the universe. What is the Hubble Space Telescope (望远镜)? The Hubble Space Telescope was put into space in 1990. Hubble is as long as a large school bus and it weighs as much as two elephants. Hubble is able to get clear pictures of faraway stars. A picture called “Hubble Ultra Deep Field” shows some of the farthest galaxies. Pictures from Hubble help scientists learn more about the universe. What is FAST? China’s Five-hundred-metre Aperture Spherical Telescope is better known as FAST. It is in Guizhou, China, and it has been used since September 25th, 2016. Its 500-metr e dish is the world’s largest single-dish radio telescope. Scientists can use it to search for signals (信号) of communication that are not coming from the earth. If scientists find such things, maybe there is life somewhere else in the universe! What is Shenzhou-18? Shenzhou-18 manned spaceship was sent into space from Jiuquan on April 25, 2024. On May 28, the crew members completed the first spacewalk of their mission. The task has set a new record for the longest single spacewalk by Chinese astronouts. During their six-month stay in space, the crew will carry out more than 90 experiments (实验) in space. 13．When did Gcorges Lemaitre suggest the idea of the Big Bang Theory？ A．In 1927. B．In 1990. C．In 2016. D．In 2024. 14．Why can the Hubble Space Telescope help scientists study the universe？ A．It is long and heavy enough. B．It takes clear photos of space. C．It tells the beginning of the universe. D．It travels to some of the farthest galaxies. 15．What can we know about China’s space exploration from the passage？ A．FAST can send signals into the universe to help find life. B．FAST is a dish-like radio telescope travelling in the universe. C．The astronauts in Shenzhou-18 will work in space for several months. D．The three astronauts took the first spacewalk of their mission on April 25. 16．What is the best title for the passage？ A．Space Exploration: Searching for Life in Space B．Space Exploration: Exciting Moments of China C．Space Exploration: A Better Future for Scientists D．Space Exploration: Great Progress Humans Made E ① On April 25, 2024, China successfully sent the Shenzhou-18 spaceship with three astronauts to Tiangong space station for a six-month mission (任务). Among the three astronauts, Ye Guangfu is the mission commander (指挥官), with rich experience. ② Ye was born in September, 1980 and grew up in a small village in Sichuan. At the age of eight, his father died. Ye remembered how difficult it was for his family to make a living. Although it seemed impossible for him to try out to become an air force pilot at first, his love for flying and hard work got him into the Air Force Aviation University of China. ③ 2009, Ye decided to reach even higher and applied to (申请) be an astronaut. Becoming an astronaut, one must face many challenges. Ye even trained in caves (洞穴) in Europe where he had to find his way through dark and wet caves. This made him the first Chinese person to finish this training. Ye never gave up his dream. And his hard work paid off when he made his first journey into space on the Shenzhou-13 mission on October 16, 2021. ④ Ye is always thankful for all the difficult times because they help him keep going and stick to (坚持) his dreams. Ye is really a role model who shows us the importance of strong perseverance (毅力). 17．How long would Ye stay in Tiangong space station? A．For 18 months. B．For 8 months. C．For 6 months. D．For 3 months. 18．When did Ye’s father pass away? A．In 1980. B．In 1988. C．In 2009. D．In 2021. 19．What can we learn about Ye? A．Ye comes from Liaoning. B．Ye has a sister and a brother. C．Ye has strong perseverance. D．Ye has flew into space once so far. 20．How is the passage organized? A． B． C． D． 二、任务型阅读 阅读短文，并根据短文内容回答问题。 “Shoot for the moon. Even if you miss, you’ll land among the stars,” said Les Brown, a famous American speaker and writer. This idea is exciting and fits well with China’s journey to space. China started its space journey 54 years ago with a satellite named Dong Fang Hong I. Since then, China has been working hard to learn more about space. Now, with Shenzhou-19, China is going even higher in its space travels. Shenzhou-19 is a special space mission (使命) that happened in 2024. It took three astronauts to space and connected with a big space home called Tianhe. There, they did many science jobs and tested new ideas. This mission is a big deal because it shows how much China has learned about going to space. It’s not just about flying. It’s about learning new things and finding out more about the world outside our planet. 21．When did Chinese people begin to explore the space? 22．What did the scientists do in Tianhe? 23．Why is this mission a big deal? 24．What do you think of China’s journey to space? (Write 30 words or more.) 三、短文填空 A Wang Haoze of Shenzhou-19 On October 30, 2024, China launched a Long March 2F carrier rocket (长征2F运载火箭). Wang Haoze is one of the astronauts of Shenzhou-19. She is the third Chinese woman and the first female (女性) spaceflight engineer (工程师) to go to space. Now let me tell you something a 25 her. Wang Haoze was born in March, 1990 in Luanping, Hebei. Her father is a policeman. Her mother is a teacher and she t 26 biology in a middle school. B 27 of her parents work very hard. When she was young, she has a big d 28 . She wants to travel to space. She is i 29 in reading books about science. At the weekend, she likes b 30 some books from the library to enjoy the peace and quiet at home. She always does w 31 in all the subjects and she is a star student in her school. She also takes part i 32 different kinds of activities. She says, “In this way, I can learn about t 33 , it helps me work with friends better.” Through hard work, her dream comes t 34 . She is a role model for us and we should learn from her. B 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Shenzhou ­18 manned spaceship has been successfully launched from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Centre. It marks China’s 32nd manned flight into space. At 8:59 p.m. on 25 April 2024, it 35 (send) three astronauts and nearly 100 experimental boxes to the Tiangong space station. The astronauts are Ye Guangfu, Li Cong and Li Guangsu, with Ye as the leader. It is Ye’s 36 (two) time to go to space within 3 years. He was one of the 37 (member) of the Shenzhou­ 13 mission from October 2021 38 April 2022. The three astronauts will do many tasks during 39 (they) stay. They will care for the space station to make sure it can work 40 (safe). More than 90 experiments 41 (carry) out in space. A very special one is to raise Zebrafish in space. 42 it succeeds, it will be a breakthrough (突破) in China’s space program. The Shenzhou­ 18 astronauts plan to return to 43 earth in late October this year. So they 44 (spend) about six months on the space station. 四、补全对话 A 根据下面对话中的情境，在每个空白处填入一个适当的语句，使对话恢复完整。 (Two friends are talking about the space museum.) A: Hey, Lin Tao. 45 ? B: Great! I’ve learned a lot about China’s space technology in the space museum. How rapidly it develops! A: 46 . It has got a lot of success. B: Right! I was excited to see Shenzhou-18 rising into space on TV. 47 ? A: Yes, I watched the news with my parents. I feel so proud of our country. B: So do I. And Ye Guangfu is my hero. 48 ? A: All the astronauts are my heroes. Their fighting spirit touches me deeply. It encourages me to be a brave person. B: Yeah! I want to be a person like them. A: So do you want to be an astronaut when you grow up? B: 49 . And I know your dream is to be an astronaut, too. A: Yes, let’s work harder together! B 在空格中填上适当的单词，使对话完整正确，一空一词 (含缩写词)。 A: Hi, Teng Fei. Have you heard the news about the Shenzhou-18 manned spaceship? B: Yes, Yaming. We were excited and happy when it was 50 launched at 8:59 p.m. on April 25th from Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center (酒泉卫星发射中心) in Northwest China. It sent three 51 to Tiangong space station. They will stay there for half a year. It marks China’s 32nd manned flight into space. A: That’s amazing! Ye Guangfu was a member of the Shenzhou-13 from October 2021 to April 2022. This time, he serves as the 52 . For the other two, Li Cong and Li Guangsu, it is the 53 time for them to go into the space. B: You mean they are newcomers to space? A: Yes. You can’t imagine how 54 it is for them to get through the training. They have faced different challenges besides physical strength. B: I agree. I learned that they have brought a fish to space. The fish will be used for 55 . A: Really? It’s 56 ! I only knew plant seeds were brought into space. B: The Chinese scientists always want to do more! It is reported that during their six 57 stay, they will carry out a lot of projects, 58 basic physics, space material science, space life science. A: What else will they do there? B: They will make sure the space station is safe and working well. A: When will they come back? B: They 59 to return to Dongfeng landing site in North China in late October this year. 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 27 神州-18、神州-19再创新辉煌 刷新纪录了！ 新华社 2024年12月18日 08:21 北京 神舟十九号航天员乘组圆满完成第一次出舱活动 宋令东成为我国首名太空出舱“90后”航天员 ↑12月17日在北京航天飞行控制中心拍摄的神舟十九号航天员宋令东在空间站组合体舱外工作的画面。新华社记者 李杰 摄 9小时！神十九乘组刷新中国航天员单次出舱活动时长纪录 神舟十九号航天员蔡旭哲、宋令东、王浩泽密切协同，于17日完成首次出舱活动，用时9小时，刷新了中国航天员单次出舱活动时长纪录。 此前的纪录为约8.5小时，是由神舟十八号航天员乘组创造的。 神十九乘组这次出舱活动中，航天员宋令东成为我国首位进行出舱活动的“90后”航天员。截至目前，中国航天员已圆满完成18次出舱活动。 据中国载人航天工程办公室介绍，按计划，神舟十九号载人飞行任务期间还将实施人员和应用载荷出舱活动，并开展大量科学实验与技术试验。（记者：李国利、黄一宸） 来源：新华社 一、阅读理解 A In 2003, China sent its first astronaut, Yang Liwei, into space. Since then, many Chinese astronauts also “reached for the stars”. Zhai Zhigang, Cai Xuzhe, Song Lingdong, and Wang Haoze are some of them. The last three carried out the tasks (执行任务) of Shenzhou-19 in space. Do you dream of becoming an astronaut like them? To be an astronaut, you need to be very healthy. Good eyesight and a strong heart are important. You’d better not have any small problems. For example, a decayed tooth (龋齿) could get worse in space and bring problems for astronauts. In China, you must be a great pilot before you can be an astronaut. You must fly more than 600 hours without accidents (事故). And then you might start hard training after becoming a backup astronaut. For example, you have to wear a 200kg suit and do tasks underwater for six or seven hours without eating or going to the toilet. This is like doing tasks in spacewalks. Education is important as well. Astronauts take about 60 courses to get ready for a task, such as math, English, science, and many more. So they can also do scientific experiments (实验) in space. However, it’s possible that backup astronauts can never go to space. During the Shenzhou-18 task, only three astronauts could go into space. But there are other backup astronauts. They are also heroes of this great space program. 1．Who are the members of the Shenzhou-19 task? ①Yang Liwei  ②Cai Xuzhe  ③Song Lingdong ④Zhai Zhigang  ⑤Wang Haoze A．①③④ B．②④⑤ C．②③⑤ 2．What might happen if astronauts have a decayed tooth in space? A．They might have heart problems.B．They will have bad eyesight. C．Their tooth decay might become worse. 3．Who may be called a “backup astronaut”? A．Jenny—She can do the same tasks as other astronauts but never took a task in space before. B．John—He carried out two tasks in space in the past three years. C．Tom—He is in good health and good at science, math, and English. 4．What training should an astronaut take? A．Flying an airplane for about 600 days. B．Wearing special clothes and doing tasks underwater. C．Practicing spacewalks for six or seven hours every day. 5．What question can we find the answer from the passage? A．How do astronauts stay healthy in space? B．What does it take to become an astronaut? C．Why does one need to be a pilot before being an astronaut? 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．B 【知识点】说明文、航天与航空 【导语】本文讲述了成为中国宇航员需要具备的条件和经过的训练。它介绍了参加神舟十九号任务的一些宇航员，并强调了身体健康、飞行经验和教育的重要性。文章还提到，宇航员需进行穿着厚重宇航服在水下训练等艰苦的训练。此外，后备宇航员也可能无法真正进入太空，但他们同样对航天计划做出了贡献。 1．细节理解题。根据“Zhai Zhigang, Cai Xuzhe, Song Lingdong, and Wang Haoze are some of them. The last three carried out the tasks (执行任务) of Shenzhou-19 in space.”可知执行神舟19号任务的是蔡旭哲、宋令东和王浩泽。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“For example, a decayed tooth (龋齿) could get worse in space and bring problems for astronauts.”可知龋齿在太空中可能会恶化。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据“And then you might start hard training after becoming a backup astronaut.”可推出backup astronaut意为“备份宇航员”，“备份宇航员”是指可以进行相同任务但尚未执行过太空任务的人，Jenny符合条件。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据“For example, you have to wear a 200kg suit and do tasks underwater for six or seven hours without eating or going to the toilet.”可知宇航员应该进行的一项训练是穿着特制的衣服在水下执行任务。故选B。 5．主旨大意题。通读全文可知文中详细描述了成为宇航员需要具备的条件。故选B。 B What great news! On October 30, 2024, China successfully launched (发射) the Shenzhou-19 spaceship. There are three great astronauts in it: Cai Xuze, Song Lingdong and Wang Haoze. Cai Xuze, the group leader, has spaceflight experience before. Song Lingdong and Wang Haoze, the post-90s astronauts, are on their first space trips. Wang is even the first woman spaceflight engineer (工程师) in China. The astronauts entered the Tiangong space station and met the astronaut team of Shenzhou-18 last Wednesday. They lived and worked together to finish some tasks. The newcomers will stay in the space station for 6 months. There are quite a few important things to do. They will do different experiments (实验), such as space life science and space medicine. Then they need to have spacewalks to put on new special devices (装置) for the the spaceship and plan to give space classes to young students from all over the world. The success of the Shenzhou-19 mission shows China is doing better in space technology. And behind the success, it is the hard work of Chinese astronauts and scientists. They show us that nothing is too far if we keep reaching for it. 6．Who is the group leader of Shenzhou-19? A．Cai Xuze. B．Song Lingdong. C．Wang Haoze. 7．Which task is NOT mentioned (提及) in the text? A．Doing experiments. B．Giving some space gifts. C．Puting on new special devices. 8．What can we know from the passage? A．Wang Haoze is the first woman into the space. B．China is better at space technology. C．Astronauts will only give space classes to Chinese students. 9．What is the main idea of the passage? A．The life of the astronauts in the space station. B．The spaceship Shenzhou-19. C．The astronauts and tasks of Shenzhou-19. 【答案】6．A 7．B 8．B 9．C 【知识点】航天与航空、新闻报道 【导语】本文主要介绍了神舟十九号的宇航员及其任务。 6．细节理解题。根据“Cai Xuze, the group leader, has spaceflight experience before.”可知，蔡旭泽是神舟十九号的组长。故选A。 7．细节理解题。根据“They will do different experiments (实验), such as space life science and space medicine. Then they need to have spacewalks to put on new special devices (装置) for the the spaceship and plan to give space classes to young students from all over the world.”可知，文章中提到的任务包括做实验和安装新装置，没有提到送太空礼物。故选B。 8．细节理解题。根据“The success of the Shenzhou-19 mission shows China is doing better in space technology.”可知，神舟十九号任务的成功显示了中国在航天技术方面的进步。故选B。 9．主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了神舟十九号的宇航员及其任务。故选C。 C China has named the nation’s first Mars rover (火星车) Zhu Rong. For all of us, Zhu Rong is a special name. In an ancient Chinese story, Zhu Rong had the face of a man and the body of an animal. He rode on two dragons. When he fought with Gong Gong, the god of water, Zhu Rong won. But after the fight, the human world came into complete darkness. Then he brought fire from heaven to the world. “People believe Zhu Rong is the earliest god of fire in Chinese culture,” a space worker said. “The name of Zhu Rong is a symbol of light and hope for space exploration in our country. It also has a meaning of guiding humans to go on with the exploration.” After reaching Mars, Zhu Rong circled (环行) Mars for several months and landed on it in May. Since a few years ago, our country has sent up the world’s first quantum satellite (量子卫星), and Chang’e-5 has made a soft landing on the moon. We have made great progress in space exploration already. For example, China has just sent Shenzhou-18 to space on Spring. Nothing is impossible for Chinese people! China’s space exploration will certainly do much better in the future. 10．Zhu Rong brought ______ from heaven to the world. A．fire B．water C．war D．gold 11．The underlined word “exploration” in Paragraph 3 means “______” in Chinese. A．创造 B．采纳 C．检验 D．探索 12．According to the passage, we can know that ______. A．Zhu Rong is a bad person in an ancient Chinese story B．Chang’e-5 has made a soft landing on Mars C．the writer is proud of China’s space technology D．the writer doesn’t like the name Zhu Rong 【答案】10．A 11．D 12．C 【知识点】航天与航空、说明文 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国的首个火星探测器“祝融”的情况。 10．细节理解题。根据“Then he brought fire from heaven to the world.”可知，他把火从天上带到了世界。故选A。 11．词句猜测题。根据“The name of Zhu Rong is a symbol of light and hope for space exploration in our country. ”可知，祝融的名字是我国太空探索的光明和希望的象征，故推出划线部分exploration意为“探索”。故选D。 12．推理判断题。根据“Nothing is impossible for Chinese people! China’s space exploration will certainly do much better in the future.”可知，作者认为对中国人来说没有什么是不可能的，中国的太空探索在未来肯定会做得更好，故推出作者为中国的太空技术感到骄傲。故选C。 D “Are we alone? What’s out there?” Looking up at the stars, people have always wanted to learn more about space, and scientists have been working hard to find the secrets of the universe. Here we’re going to go through a timeline of the important moments of space exploration (探索). What is the Big Bang Theory (理论)? The Big Bang Theory is an idea about how our universe began. Many scientists believe that everything in the universe was pressed together and then it separated into smaller pieces very quickly about 14 billion years ago to create the universe. The Big Bang is thought to be the beginning of everything in the universe. What is the Hubble Space Telescope (望远镜)? The Hubble Space Telescope was put into space in 1990. Hubble is as long as a large school bus and it weighs as much as two elephants. Hubble is able to get clear pictures of faraway stars. A picture called “Hubble Ultra Deep Field” shows some of the farthest galaxies. Pictures from Hubble help scientists learn more about the universe. What is FAST? China’s Five-hundred-metre Aperture Spherical Telescope is better known as FAST. It is in Guizhou, China, and it has been used since September 25th, 2016. Its 500-metr e dish is the world’s largest single-dish radio telescope. Scientists can use it to search for signals (信号) of communication that are not coming from the earth. If scientists find such things, maybe there is life somewhere else in the universe! What is Shenzhou-18? Shenzhou-18 manned spaceship was sent into space from Jiuquan on April 25, 2024. On May 28, the crew members completed the first spacewalk of their mission. The task has set a new record for the longest single spacewalk by Chinese astronouts. During their six-month stay in space, the crew will carry out more than 90 experiments (实验) in space. 13．When did Gcorges Lemaitre suggest the idea of the Big Bang Theory？ A．In 1927. B．In 1990. C．In 2016. D．In 2024. 14．Why can the Hubble Space Telescope help scientists study the universe？ A．It is long and heavy enough. B．It takes clear photos of space. C．It tells the beginning of the universe. D．It travels to some of the farthest galaxies. 15．What can we know about China’s space exploration from the passage？ A．FAST can send signals into the universe to help find life. B．FAST is a dish-like radio telescope travelling in the universe. C．The astronauts in Shenzhou-18 will work in space for several months. D．The three astronauts took the first spacewalk of their mission on April 25. 16．What is the best title for the passage？ A．Space Exploration: Searching for Life in Space B．Space Exploration: Exciting Moments of China C．Space Exploration: A Better Future for Scientists D．Space Exploration: Great Progress Humans Made 【答案】13．A 14．B 15．C 16．D 【知识点】航天与航空、说明文 【导语】本文主要介绍了宇宙大爆炸理论、哈勃太空望远镜、中国的FAST和神舟十八号载人飞船与太空探索相关的知识。 13．细节理解题。根据图片中“1927 Georges Lemaitre first suggested the Big Bang Theory”可知，Georges Lemaitre在1927年提出了宇宙大爆炸理论。故选A。 14．细节理解题。根据“Hubble is able to get clear pictures of faraway stars.”可知，因为Hubble Space Telescope可以帮助科学家拍摄到清晰的照片。故选B。 15．细节理解题。根据“During their six-month stay in space, the crew will carry out more than 90 experiments (实验) in space.”可知，神州十八号的宇航员将在太空工作几个月。故选C。 16．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了宇宙大爆炸理论、哈勃太空望远镜、中国的FAST和神舟十八号载人飞船与太空探索相关的知识，故本文最佳标题应为“太空探索：人类取得的巨大进步”。故选D。 E ① On April 25, 2024, China successfully sent the Shenzhou-18 spaceship with three astronauts to Tiangong space station for a six-month mission (任务). Among the three astronauts, Ye Guangfu is the mission commander (指挥官), with rich experience. ② Ye was born in September, 1980 and grew up in a small village in Sichuan. At the age of eight, his father died. Ye remembered how difficult it was for his family to make a living. Although it seemed impossible for him to try out to become an air force pilot at first, his love for flying and hard work got him into the Air Force Aviation University of China. ③ 2009, Ye decided to reach even higher and applied to (申请) be an astronaut. Becoming an astronaut, one must face many challenges. Ye even trained in caves (洞穴) in Europe where he had to find his way through dark and wet caves. This made him the first Chinese person to finish this training. Ye never gave up his dream. And his hard work paid off when he made his first journey into space on the Shenzhou-13 mission on October 16, 2021. ④ Ye is always thankful for all the difficult times because they help him keep going and stick to (坚持) his dreams. Ye is really a role model who shows us the importance of strong perseverance (毅力). 17．How long would Ye stay in Tiangong space station? A．For 18 months. B．For 8 months. C．For 6 months. D．For 3 months. 18．When did Ye’s father pass away? A．In 1980. B．In 1988. C．In 2009. D．In 2021. 19．What can we learn about Ye? A．Ye comes from Liaoning. B．Ye has a sister and a brother. C．Ye has strong perseverance. D．Ye has flew into space once so far. 20．How is the passage organized? A． B． C． D． 【答案】17．C 18．B 19．C 20．B 【知识点】其他著名人物、记叙文、航天与航空 【导语】本文介绍了2024年4月25日，中国成功将载有三名航天员的神舟十八号宇宙飞船送往天宫空间站，执行为期六个月的任务，并着重介绍了叶光富。 17．细节理解题。根据“for a six-month mission (任务)”可知，叶将在天宫空间站待6个月。故选C。 18．推理判断题。根据“Ye was born in September, 1980 and grew up in a small village in Sichuan. At the age of eight, his father died.”可知，叶出生于1980年9月，在他八岁的时候，他的父亲去世了，也就是1988年，故选B。 19．细节理解题。根据“Ye is really a role model who shows us the importance of strong perseverance.”可知，叶光富毅力很坚强，故选C。 20．篇章结构题。文章第一段整体介绍2024年4月25日，中国成功将载有三名航天员的神舟十八号宇宙飞船送往天宫空间站，并介绍了叶光富是任务指挥官；第二段和第三段分别介绍了叶光富的背景和他为梦想付出的努力；最后一段是总结全文。故选B。 二、任务型阅读 阅读短文，并根据短文内容回答问题。 “Shoot for the moon. Even if you miss, you’ll land among the stars,” said Les Brown, a famous American speaker and writer. This idea is exciting and fits well with China’s journey to space. China started its space journey 54 years ago with a satellite named Dong Fang Hong I. Since then, China has been working hard to learn more about space. Now, with Shenzhou-19, China is going even higher in its space travels. Shenzhou-19 is a special space mission (使命) that happened in 2024. It took three astronauts to space and connected with a big space home called Tianhe. There, they did many science jobs and tested new ideas. This mission is a big deal because it shows how much China has learned about going to space. It’s not just about flying. It’s about learning new things and finding out more about the world outside our planet. 21．When did Chinese people begin to explore the space? 22．What did the scientists do in Tianhe? 23．Why is this mission a big deal? 24．What do you think of China’s journey to space? (Write 30 words or more.) 【答案】21．54 years ago. 22．There, they did many science jobs and tested new ideas. 23．Because it shows how much China has learned about going to space. 24．I think China’s journey to space is great and meaningful. It can help scientists know more about space. Also, it let more people realize that entering the space is not a dream. 【知识点】说明文、航天与航空 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国在航空事业上的发展，尤其介绍了神舟19号的相关情况。 21．根据“China started its space journey 54 years ago with a satellite named Dong Fang Hong I.”可知，54年前，中国发射了一颗名为“东方红一号”的卫星，开始了太空之旅。故填54 years ago. 22．根据“There, they did many science jobs and tested new ideas.”可知，在那里，他们做了许多科学工作并测试了新的想法。故填There, they did many science jobs and tested new ideas. 23．根据“This mission is a big deal because it shows how much China has learned about going to space.”可知，这次任务是一件大事，因为它显示了中国在进入太空方面已经学到了多少。故填Because it shows how much China has learned about going to space. 24．开放性题，答案合理即可。参考答案为：I think China’s journey to space is great and meaningful. It can help scientists know more about space. Also, it lets more people realize that entering the space is not a dream. 三、短文填空 A Wang Haoze of Shenzhou-19 On October 30, 2024, China launched a Long March 2F carrier rocket (长征2F运载火箭). Wang Haoze is one of the astronauts of Shenzhou-19. She is the third Chinese woman and the first female (女性) spaceflight engineer (工程师) to go to space. Now let me tell you something a 25 her. Wang Haoze was born in March, 1990 in Luanping, Hebei. Her father is a policeman. Her mother is a teacher and she t 26 biology in a middle school. B 27 of her parents work very hard. When she was young, she has a big d 28 . She wants to travel to space. She is i 29 in reading books about science. At the weekend, she likes b 30 some books from the library to enjoy the peace and quiet at home. She always does w 31 in all the subjects and she is a star student in her school. She also takes part i 32 different kinds of activities. She says, “In this way, I can learn about t 33 , it helps me work with friends better.” Through hard work, her dream comes t 34 . She is a role model for us and we should learn from her. 【答案】 25．(a)bout 26．(t)eaches 27．(B)oth 28．(d)ream 29．(i)nterested 30．(b)orrowing 31．(w)ell 32．(i)n 33．(t)eamwork 34．(t)rue 【知识点】其他著名人物、航天与航空 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了中国女航天员王浩泽的成长经历和实现太空梦想的过程，她通过努力学习和参与各种活动，最终实现了自己的梦想，成为了中国的太空飞行工程师，是我们学习的榜样。 25．句意：现在让我来告诉你一些关于她的事情。结合“tell you something … her”和首字母“a”可知，此处是指告诉你关于她的一些事情；考查about“关于”，介词，符合语境。故填(a)bout。 26．句意：她的母亲是一名教师，在中学教生物。结合“Her mother is a teacher”和首字母“t”提示可知，母亲是老师，所以此处是指她教生物；考查teach“教，讲授”，动词；句子时态为一般现在时，且主语“she”为第三人称单数，谓语动词应用三单形teaches。故填(t)eaches。 27．句意：她的父母都非常努力工作。结合句意和首字母“B”提示可知，此处是指父母两人都工作努力；考查both“两个都”，位于句首，首字母要大写。故填(B)oth。 28．句意：当她还小的时候，她有一个很大的梦想。结合下文“She wants to travel to space.”和首字母“d”提示可知，她想去太空旅行，所以此处是指她有一个大的梦想；考查dream“梦想”，可数名词，空前有不定冠词“a”，这里应用名词单数形式。故填(d)ream。 29．句意：她对阅读科学书籍很感兴趣。结合“is … in …”和首字母“i”提示可知，此处考查be interested in“对……感兴趣”，形容词短语。故填(i)nterested。 30．句意：在周末，她喜欢从图书馆借一些书，享受家里的宁静。结合“some books from the library”和首字母“b”提示可知，此处是指从图书馆借书；考查borrow“借”，动词；根据空前动词“likes”可知，这里考查like doing sth.“喜欢做某事”，因此这里应用动名词形式borrowing。故填(b)orrowing。 31．句意：她在所有科目上都表现出色，是学校里的一颗明星学生。结合“she is a star student”和首字母“w”提示可知，她是一个明星学生，所以此处是指她擅长所有学科；考查do well in“擅长，在某方面做得好”，动词短语。故填(w)ell。 32．句意：她还参加了各种各样的活动。结合空前“takes part”和首字母“i”提示可知，此处考查take part in“参加”，动词短语。故填(i)n。 33．句意：这样我可以了解团队合作，它帮助我更好地与朋友合作。结合下文“it helps me work with friends better”和首字母“t”提示可知，此处是指团队合作帮助王浩泽与朋友更好地合作；考查teamwork“团队合作”，不可数名词。故填(t)eamwork。 34．句意：通过努力工作，她的梦想实现了。结合空前“her dream comes”和首字母“t”提示可知，此处是指她的梦想实现了；考查come true“实现”，固定搭配。故填(t)rue。 B 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Shenzhou ­18 manned spaceship has been successfully launched from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Centre. It marks China’s 32nd manned flight into space. At 8:59 p.m. on 25 April 2024, it 35 (send) three astronauts and nearly 100 experimental boxes to the Tiangong space station. The astronauts are Ye Guangfu, Li Cong and Li Guangsu, with Ye as the leader. It is Ye’s 36 (two) time to go to space within 3 years. He was one of the 37 (member) of the Shenzhou­ 13 mission from October 2021 38 April 2022. The three astronauts will do many tasks during 39 (they) stay. They will care for the space station to make sure it can work 40 (safe). More than 90 experiments 41 (carry) out in space. A very special one is to raise Zebrafish in space. 42 it succeeds, it will be a breakthrough (突破) in China’s space program. The Shenzhou­ 18 astronauts plan to return to 43 earth in late October this year. So they 44 (spend) about six months on the space station. 【答案】 35．sent 36．second 37．members 38．to 39．their 40．safely 41．will be carried 42．If 43．the 44．will spend 【知识点】航天与航空 【导语】本文主要讲述了中国成功发射神舟十八号载人飞船的故事，该任务将三名宇航员和近100个实验箱送入天宫空间站，详细说明了执行任务的宇航员，以及他们预计在空间站进行的研究任务和任务时间。 35．句意：它在2024年4月25日晚上8:59送三名宇航员和近100个实验箱到天宫空间站。根据“At 8:59 p.m. on 25 April 2024”可知，句子是在讲述过去已经完成的动作，因此用一般过去时。故填sent。 36． 句意：这是叶在3年内第二次去太空。根据“time”可知，是指第二次，应用序数词second。故填second。 37．句意：他是2021年10月到2022年4月的神舟13号任务的成员之一。one of后跟名词的复数形式。故填members。 38．句意：他是2021年10月到2022年4月的神舟13号任务的成员之一。此处是固定短语from...to...“从……到……”。故填to。 39．句意：在他们逗留期间，他们将执行许多任务。空处修饰后面名词stay，应用形容词性物主代词their。故填their。 40．句意：他们将维护空间站以确保其能安全运行。空处修饰动词，应用副词safely。故填safely。 41．句意：超过90个实验将在太空中进行。根据前两句可知，句子应用一般将来时。主语和动词carry之间是被动关系，应用一般将来时的被动语态will be done。故填will be carried。 42． 句意：如果成功，这将是中国太空计划的突破。根据“it succeeds, it will be a breakthrough (突破) in China’s space program.”可知，前句是后句的肯定条件，应用if引导条件状语从句。故填If。 43．句意：神舟十八号的航天员计划于今年10月下旬返回地球。根据“earth”可知，地球是独一无二的事物，应用定冠词the特指。故填the。 44． 句意：因此，他们将在空间站上度过大约六个月。结合上下文可知，讲述的是将来的事情，应用一般将来时，故填will spend。 四、补全对话 A 根据下面对话中的情境，在每个空白处填入一个适当的语句，使对话恢复完整。 (Two friends are talking about the space museum.) A: Hey, Lin Tao. 45 ? B: Great! I’ve learned a lot about China’s space technology in the space museum. How rapidly it develops! A: 46 . It has got a lot of success. B: Right! I was excited to see Shenzhou-18 rising into space on TV. 47 ? A: Yes, I watched the news with my parents. I feel so proud of our country. B: So do I. And Ye Guangfu is my hero. 48 ? A: All the astronauts are my heroes. Their fighting spirit touches me deeply. It encourages me to be a brave person. B: Yeah! I want to be a person like them. A: So do you want to be an astronaut when you grow up? B: 49 . And I know your dream is to be an astronaut, too. A: Yes, let’s work harder together! 【答案】45．What do you think of the space museum/How do you like the space museum 46．That’s true/You’re right/I agree with you 47．Did you watch the news 48．What about yours/Who is your hero 49．Yes(, I do) 【知识点】航天与航空、介绍 【导语】本文是A和B之间的一则对话。对话主要关于中国航天技术，宇航员以及个人梦想的讨论。 45．根据下文“Great! I’ve learned a lot about China’s space technology in the space museum. How rapidly it develops!”可知，此处询问对方对太空博物馆的评价。故填What do you think of the space museum/How do you like the space museum。 46．根据上文“How rapidly it develops!”及空后的“It has got a lot of success.”可知，此处表示赞同。故填That’s true/You’re right/I agree with you。 47．根据空前的“I was excited to see Shenzhou-18 rising into space on TV.”及下文“Yes, I watched the news with my parents.”可知，此处询问对方是否看了新闻。故填Did you watch the news。 48．根据空前的“And Ye Guangfu is my hero.”及下文“All the astronauts are my heroes.”可知，选项询问对方的英雄是谁。故填What about yours/Who is your hero。 49．根据上文“So do you want to be an astronaut when you grow up?”及空后的“And I know your dream is to be an astronaut, too.”可知，此处为肯定回答。故填Yes(, I do)。 B 在空格中填上适当的单词，使对话完整正确，一空一词 (含缩写词)。 A: Hi, Teng Fei. Have you heard the news about the Shenzhou-18 manned spaceship? B: Yes, Yaming. We were excited and happy when it was 50 launched at 8:59 p.m. on April 25th from Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center (酒泉卫星发射中心) in Northwest China. It sent three 51 to Tiangong space station. They will stay there for half a year. It marks China’s 32nd manned flight into space. A: That’s amazing! Ye Guangfu was a member of the Shenzhou-13 from October 2021 to April 2022. This time, he serves as the 52 . For the other two, Li Cong and Li Guangsu, it is the 53 time for them to go into the space. B: You mean they are newcomers to space? A: Yes. You can’t imagine how 54 it is for them to get through the training. They have faced different challenges besides physical strength. B: I agree. I learned that they have brought a fish to space. The fish will be used for 55 . A: Really? It’s 56 ! I only knew plant seeds were brought into space. B: The Chinese scientists always want to do more! It is reported that during their six 57 stay, they will carry out a lot of projects, 58 basic physics, space material science, space life science. A: What else will they do there? B: They will make sure the space station is safe and working well. A: When will they come back? B: They 59 to return to Dongfeng landing site in North China in late October this year. 【答案】 50．successfully 51．astronauts/spacemen 52．leader 53．first 54．difficult/hard 55．study/research 56．unbelievable/amazing 57．months’ 58．including 59．planned 【知识点】航天与航空、判断与评价、介绍、计划 【导语】本文是一则Teng Fei和Yaming之间的对话。对话中，两人谈论了神舟十八号航天员以及他们的任务、行程等。 50．句意：4月25日晚上8点59分，它在中国西北部的酒泉卫星发射中心成功发射，我们感到兴奋和高兴。根据常识可知，4月25日晚上8点59分，神舟十八号载人飞船在中国西北部的酒泉卫星发射中心成功发射；successfully“成功地”，副词，修饰后面的谓语动词launched“发射”，作状语。故填successfully。 51．句意：它将三名宇航员送入天宫空间站。根据常识可知，神州十八号载人飞船将三名宇航员送入天宫空间站。astronaut/spaceman“宇航员”，可数名词；根据空前基数词three可知，此处应用名词复数形式。故填astronauts/spacemen。 52．句意：这一次，他是指令长。根据常识可知，神州十八号载人飞船的三名宇航员中，叶光富是指令长；leader“领导者，指令长”，名词，由语境可知，此处应用名词单数形式。故填leader。 53．句意：对于另外两位，李聪和李广苏来说，这是他们第一次进入太空。根据下文“You mean they are newcomers to space?”可知，李聪和李广苏是第一次进入太空；first“第一”，序数词，修饰名词time，表示顺序。故填first。 54．句意：你无法想象他们通过训练有多难。根据下文“They have faced different challenges besides physical strength.”可知，此处是指宇航员要想通过训练是非常困难的；difficult/hard“困难的”，形容词，在句中作表语。故填difficult/hard。 55．句意：这些鱼将用于研究。根据常识可知，宇航员带鱼到空间站是为了用于科学研究；study/research“研究”，不可数名词，在句中作介词for的宾语。故填 study/research。 56．句意：它是令人难以置信的/令人惊讶的！根据上文“Really?”可知，此处表示这事情令人难以置信/惊讶的；unbelievable/amazing“令人难以置信的/令人惊讶的”， 形容词，在句中作表语。故填unbelievable/amazing。 57．句意：据报道，在他们逗留的六个月里，他们将开展很多研究项目，包括基础物理、空间材料科学以及空间生命科学。根据上文“launched at 8:59 p.m. on April 25th”和下文“return to Dongfeng landing site in North China in late October this year”可知，此处是指他们将在太空停留六个月；month“月”，可数名词；根据空前“six”和空后名词“stay”可知，此处应用名词复数形式的所有格months’ 作定语，修饰名词stay。故填months’。 58．句意：据报道，在他们逗留的六个月里，他们将开展很多研究项目，包括基础物理、空间材料科学以及空间生命科学。根据题干可知，他们将要开展的项目“包括”基础物理、空间材料科学以及空间生命科学；including“包括”，介词，符合语境。故填including。 59．句意：他们计划在今年10月下旬返回中国北方的东风着陆场。根据上文“When will they come back?”及常识可知，此处应是指他们计划在今年10月下旬返回地球；plan“计划”，动词；太空任务中，发射、返回等动作都是提前安排，所以句子描述的是过去发生的事情，时态应用一般过去时，谓语动词应用过去式planned。故填planned。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$