重难点11 语法填空之综合练-2025年高考英语【热点•重点•难点】专练（新高考通用）

重难点11 语法填空之综合练 考点一：提示词为动词，考查谓语动词。 若句中没有其他的谓语动词，或者虽已有谓语动词，但需填的动词与之是并列关系时，所给动词就是谓语动词，就要考虑时态、语态和主谓一致，偶尔也有考查虚拟语气的情况。 例1 (2025•八省联考卷) The UN Chinese Language Day not only provides a unique platform for the world to better understand China, but also (promote) language and cultural exchanges in the world. 例2 (2024•浙江1月卷) However, though it’s nice to get a few cents off a pack of sausages, it would help even more if they could sometimes 61 (offer) in smaller packs. 例3（2023全国乙卷）Having visited several times over the last 10 years, I (amaze) by the co-existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing. 考点二：提示词为动词，考查非谓语动词。 若句中已有谓语动词且不是并列谓语时，则所给动词应用非谓语动词形式。一般而言，v.－ing形式表示主动、进行；动词－ed形式表示被动、完成；动词不定式表示目的、将来、具体或一次性的动作。 例4（2023新高考I卷）To eat one, you have to decide whether (bite) a small hole in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill (溢出), or to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue. 例5（2023全国甲卷）“There was once a town in the heart of America, where all life seemed to enjoy peaceful existence with is surroundings,” her fable begins, (borrow) some familiar words from many age-old fables. 考点三：提示词为动词，考查词性转换为名词或形容词。 当所给提示词虽为动词，但既不是谓语动词又不是非谓语动词时，就要考虑进行词性转换。高考中常考查动词变为名词，偶有变形容词或副词的情况。做题时只需根据其所作句子成分来确定其词性便可做出正确的转换。 例6（2023新高考II卷）Since June 2017, right before the 36 (arrive) of the two new pandas, Meng Meng and Jiao Qing, I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and confident speaking English. 例7（2021全国II卷）I was so________ (excite) when he wrote back to me. 考点四：提示词为名词，考查名词的数与格及词形转换。 所给词为名词时，常考查单复数的变化，此时应首先判断所给名词为可数还是不可数再根据其修饰词来确定，例如，当其前有one of, many, different, all等词或短语且所给名词为可数名词时，应用其复数形式；有时也考查名词的所有格，此时它应做定语，译作“……的”。 所给词为名词时，有时也考查词类转换，主要是名词变为形容词或动词。 例8（2023新高考II卷）They also need to be ready to give 41 (interview) in English with international journalists. 例9（2022新高考II卷）He saved my _________ (son) life," said Mrs. Brown. 例10（2023浙江1月卷） The hutongs they formed were orderly, lined by (space) homes and walled gardens. 考点五：提示词代词，考查代词的数、格或反身代词。 所给词为代词时，常考查人称代词变为物主代词，此时其后一般会有一个名词，所给代词就是用来修饰这个名词的，译作“……的”。 所给词为代词时，有时考查人称代词变为反身代词。这两种情况一般可依据所作成分或句意进行判断。 例11（2023新高考I卷）Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them to be lifted out of the steamer basket without allowing them tearing or spilling any of 42 (they) contents. 例12（2021全国I卷）As the song goes, this long and winding road "will never disappear", and it will always stick in the visitor’s memory. It sure does in 　 　（I）. 例13（2020年新高考卷）As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations (模拟) and imagine _________ (they) living at a different time in history or walking through a rainforest. 考点六：提示词为形容词，考查形容词或副词的比较等级。 当提示词为形容词或副词时，常考查比较等级(即比较级和最高级)。此时一般可根据所给提示词前后的than, by, the, even等比较等级中常出现的特殊词汇并结合语意去进行判断。 例14（2023浙江1月卷）Their siheyuan were far smaller in scale and (simple)in design and decoration, and the hutongs were narrower. 例15（2022全国甲卷）In the last five years, Cao has walked through 34 countries in six continents, and in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa’s ____________ (high) mountain. 考点七：提示词为形容词，考查形容词词性转换为副词甚至动词。 当所给提示词虽为形容词或副词且不是考查比较等级时，则应考虑形容词或副词的词性转换，一般常考查形容词变为副词或名词。做题时，除了根据句意进行判断外，主要应从其所作成分去思考。 例16（2023新高考I卷）No matter where I buy them, one steamer is 44 (rare) enough, yet two seems greedy, so I am always left wanting more next time. 例17（2023新高考II卷）So, what are they learning? 43 (basic), how to describe a panda’s life. 考点八：无提示词，根据句子含义填冠词。 若空后有名词且两者搭配在一起表示泛指或特指，或者有序数词、最高级、表示特指意义的比较级等形式，则一般填冠词。此外，还需注意冠词的固定搭配。 例18（2023新高考I卷）The meat should be fresh with 43 touch of sweetness and the soup hot, clear and delicious. 例19（2023新高考II卷）Not the pandas, even though 39 language used for the medical training instructions is actually English. 考点九：无提示词，根据句子含义填介词。 当名词或代词在句中不作主语、表语或动词的宾语时，其前一般填介词。高考语法填空中对介词的考查侧重固定搭配或习惯用法，应注意平时多积累。 例20（2023新高考I卷）There you will find them prepared differently- more dumpling and less soup, and the wrappers are pressed 40 hand rather than rolled. 例21（2023全国甲卷）She warns of the environmental dangers facing society, and she teaches that people must take responsibility 68 saving their environment. 考点十：无提示词，根据句子含义填代词。 当句子缺少主语或宾语时，一般要填入代词或名词。高考侧重对it作形式主语、宾语的考查，近几年对人称代词、不定代词的考查往往会给提示词的。 例22（2018年浙江卷）Many westerners who come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap _________ can be to eat out. 考点十一：无提示词，根据句子含义填并列连词。 当空格处前后是同一层次并具有相同句法功能的词、短语或句子时，空格处一般填并列连词。此时要根据前后部分的逻辑关系或固定句式去填and, but，or等。 例23（2023新高考I卷）To eat one, you have to decide whether to bite a small hole in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill (溢出), 38 to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue. 例24（2023新高考II卷）It’s been an honor to watch the panda programme develop 44 to see the pandas settle into their new home. 例25（2023全国乙卷）It is a distinct visual contrast (反差) that shouldn’t work, 65 somehow these two very different worlds make a good combination. 考点十二：无提示词，根据句子含义填定语从句关系代词或关系副词。 设空处跟在名词后面，且空后的句子对这个名词进行修饰限定，即表示这个名词的性质、特点等，则为定语从句，然后再根据这个名词在空后句子中所作的成分去判断用何关系词。 例26（2024浙江1月卷）Of course, shops are not charities — they price goods in the way 58 will make them the most money. 例27（2023全国甲卷）“There was once a town in the heart of America, 64 all life seemed to enjoy peaceful existence with is surroundings,” her fable begins, borrowing some familiar words from many age-old fables. 考点十三：无提示词，根据句子含义填名词性从句连接词。 设空处后面有两个谓语动词，通常后面的那个是主句的谓语，前面为主语从句；设空处跟在及物动词或介词后面，且后面有谓语动词，通常为宾语从句；设空处跟在系动词后面(注意系动词不仅仅是指be动词，还包括感官动词和表示动作保持或变化的动词)，则为表语从句。 例28（2023新高考II卷）They also need to be ready to give interviews in English with international journalists. This is 42 they need an English trainer. 例29（2021全国I卷）_____________is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes. 考点十四：无提示词，根据句子含义填状语从句连接词。 设空处所在的句子后面为逗号，逗号后为另一个句子，此时一般为状语从句。从属连词是连词的一种，用来引导从句，作为主句的一部分，修饰主句。确定从属连词的关键是，先判断其前后是不是两个完整的句子，它们是否都有各自的谓语，然后根据句意确定它们的从属关系判断具体用哪个词。 例30（2020全国III卷）__________ he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary (传奇的) artist, they smiled and pointed down the river. （建议用时：40分钟） 【提升练一：给词填空微练】 1．In most people the first signs show up in their 50s or early 60s. And among people who don’t exercise, the changes can start even (soon). 2．After over a decade of field research, Li (successful) completed the first draft of his masterpiece, Bencao Gangmu, or the Compendium of Materia Medica in 1578. 3．In recent years, local authorities have replaced their handmade ladders with a steel one,   (extreme) reducing their travel time. 4．The birds, usually around 10 to 15 in number, (gather) around her before she even had a chance (take) the bag of rice out from her handbag. 5．In 2010, the UN Department of Global Communications (institute) language days for each of the organization’s six (office) languages. 6．On this particular evening, the lady arrived at her usual spot (feed) the birds. But, as she approached the bench to sit down, her necklace (fall) to the ground. 7．（24-25高三上·福建福州·期中）Last year, the tennis player (withdraw) from several tournaments due to injury. 8．Her father, the first person from Hunan Province (reach) the summit of Qomolangma, greatly _________ (influence) her. 10．Together, they experienced kindness, ________ (visit) charities, and rescued animals, forming an unbreakable bond. 11．Nathen ________ (cycle) along a remote road when he came across an abandoned kitten. 12．Sitting in the front row (be) some college students who are invited to take part in a debate. 13．He was about to do his homework when an unusual noise (arrest) his attention. 14．When he wasn’t doing all that, Jim was running across a checkerboard of green lawns (草坪) (ensure) the local postal service did not fall short of its (day) promise. 15．The goal was two-fold: (celebrate) cultural diversity as well as to promote the equal use of all six (tongue). 16．I was sitting on the grass nearby (wait) for the sun to set. (notice) that, I got up to get it back for her. 17．We also have a range of (bird) and other animals (offer) a fun-filled day out for families. 18．（24-25高三上·福建福州·期中） (expose) to the freezing weather, many brave tourists and scientists still choose to visit Antarctica. 19．He was lying on the grass, his hands (cross) under his head. 20．Butch, a dog who belonged to one of the (neighbor), was waiting just like every day before. 21．If you decide to do your own make-up, here are a few (use) tips that will help you look your best. 22．Finally, they reached the snow-covered Uhuru summit, the (high) point of Kilimanara. 23．The (high) we go above the earth, the (thin) the air is. 24．My car broke down on the way, otherwise I (get) there on time. 25．So far, the number of the workers in that factory (decrease) by 12 percent. 【提升练二：自由填空微练】 1．Stay focused and persistent, you’ll get over challenges and attain your goals. 2． is acknowledged that wealth doesn't necessarily boost happiness. 3．Apart its geographical diversity, Canada’s many rural areas and urban centers reflect the diversity of its residents. 4．We have found an approach   dealing with the tough problem. 5．The ban cigarette smoking inside public buildings has now been enforced for over 2 years. 6．The Chinese government will continue to attach importance the development of bilateral ties with Bulgaria. 7．（23-24高一上·山东淄博·期中）Some nouns and adjectives can be used as verbs, the other way round. 8．I was left with a huge smile on my face happily went back to watching the sunset.   9．There, I would always see same elderly lady feeding the pigeons. 10．Young people today may find difficult to be accustomed to life without the Internet. 11．Hardly had he got to the middle of the street he saw a car suddenly appear on his right-hand side and come directly towards him. 12．I liked to go and watch the sunset at my local park, was a seaside area in Karachi. 13．Rankings, however, are only one reason a low value is placed on teaching in higher education. 14． There is no doubt telescopes are crucial for astronomers to study the universe. 15．Leaves contain certain temperature sensitive chemicals. That’s the leaves change color in the fall. 16．We choose this hotel because the price is down to $ 200, half of it used to charge. 17．It was not until I entered high school I realized how right my parents were. 18．Heritage protection is the top of the agenda for the benefit of all mankind. 19．It’s been 33 years Jim left the route, but we are still reminded the deep bond (establish) between community and letter carrier. 20．The Great Wall is UNESCO World Heritage site, consisting of many interconnected sections. 21．I think essential for us to appeal to someone for help when necessary. 22．Such an honest person is he you can turn to him when you are in trouble. 23．Even though Tu Youyou is not interested in fame, she has become a scientist work is internationally renowned. 24．Many of the chemicals in fireworks are also persistent in the environment, means they stubbornly sit there instead of breaking down. 25．Nevertheless, it contains lots of ideas beyond the passage of time, some of are still relevant today. 【提升练三：语篇填空微练】 （24-25高三上·甘肃白银·期末）A significant leap forward in quantum computing technology has been achieved by researchers in China, as the Anhui Quantum Computing Engineering Research Center announced that a high-performance anti-interference ruthenium oxide thermometer (抗干扰氧化钌温度计) 1 (develop) by Chinese scientists, Science and Technology Daily reported on Sunday. The thermometer 2 (create) by QuantumCTek, which boasts a starting temperature close to 6 millikelvin (mK), not only set a new record within China but also marked a crucial step 3 places China’s ultra-low temperature measurement technology for superconducting quantum computing at the forefront of global advancements. Ruthenium oxide thermometers play 4 vital role in quantum computers. They function by precisely 5 (measure) the temperature of the working environment within quantum chips. As explained by technology expert LiXu from QuantumCTek, “absolute zero” (around minus 273.15 degrees Celsius), also known as 0 Kelvin, is often referred to as the “lowest temperature in the universe” and represents the theoretical limit for 6 (achieve) thermodynamic temperatures. Since quantum states are 7 (incredible) delicate, quantum chips require operation at conditions near “absolute zero”. Even the 8 (slight) temperature fluctuation can lead to the loss of quantum information. Utilizing ruthenium oxide thermometers for accurate monitoring of a quantum chip’s operating temperature is essential for guaranteeing the stable operation of quantum computers and enhancing the accuracy and 9 (reliable) of calculations performed by these powerful machines, said Li. Wang Zhehui, deputy director of the Anhui Quantum Information Engineering Technology Research Center, hailed the new thermometer 10 a major step towards solidifying China’s self-sufficiency and control over the entire superconducting quantum computing industry chain. （24-25高一上·宁夏石嘴山·期末）Pets Corner is a company with dozens of pet stores and more than 600 employees around the UK. It is planning 1 (provide) the first-ever pet and human first aid course for its staff. To develop the 2 (special) designed course, training teams have been organized up to now. The course 3 (begin) next month. The full-day course will cover two parts with the first part 4 (deal) with humans and the second with dog and cat first aid. Topics covered will include different 5 (situation) in our daily life which require first aid skills such as minor injuries, shock and unconsciousness. Lucy Ross, Head of Training at Pets Corner, said, “At Pets Corner, we have always tried to apply an honest and moral approach to everything 6 we do. This includes having the best trained staff in the industry. Every human customer as well as their pet animals 7 (be) welcome in our stores. It’s our duty to provide all of our staff 8 the tools and knowledge they need to feel 9 (confidence) in helping both pets and customers. 10 makes sense that our staff’s first aid knowledge is beyond all your expectations.” （24-25高一上·河南南阳·期末）Fashion coming from traditional Chinese culture is going through a renaissance(复兴)on the world stage. At the Sino-French Fashion Week last week, 30 clothes, jewelry and hat elements(元素) 1 (select)to describe Quanzhou, a city in East China’s Fujian province. Quanzhou was the starting point of the Maritime Silk Road. During the Song (960—1279)and Yuan(1271—1368)dynasties, Quanzhou was one of the 2 (busy)seaports in the world. “The event began a dialogue between tradition and modernity, Eastern and Western aesthetics(美学),” says an 3 (experience)designer Meng Yueming, who was responsible 4 the hat. “Everything in Quanzhou has something to do with the ocean,” says Meng. “It’s quite different from the way I used to make. The fusion(融合)of culture is a 5 (complete)different feeling.” Zhang Kaidi, another designer, feels the same. Drawing 6 (inspire)from ocean elements, such as shells, fishes and waves, she designed a collection of necklaces and earrings, 7 (use) 3D technology. For Meng, the event was 8 good opportunity for Chinese culture and designers. He also encourages more designers 9 (take)part in this kind of event actively and show Chinese culture on the world stage. Meng hopes the event will develop cultural exchange between Quanzhou and Paris, as a symbol of the once-again flourishing(繁荣的)friendship, 10 dates back centuries. （24-25高三上·辽宁·期末）Self-driving cars, also known as autonomous vehicles, have been a topic of interest and 1 (argue) for several years. The idea of vehicles that can operate 2 human control is promising. It can make transportation efficient and convenient. And as technology continues to advance rapidly, the widespread use of self-driving cars seems increasingly popular and unavoidable. In a future impacted by climate change and ecosystem protection, the role of self-driving cars 3 (become) vital in their environmental and social benefits and thus can increase energy efficiency, ease traffic jams, and promote shared mobility. 4 (enable) the change to electric and renewable-powered vehicles, self-driving cars also help encourage the efficient use of infrastructure (基础设施) . However, some challenges must be addressed 5 (ensure) safety. One of the primary 6 (concern) is regulation (管理) , as current traffic laws and policies may not be equipped to handle various problems 7 (close) related to autonomous vehicles. Governments and regulatory bodies will need to establish clear guidelines and safety standards 8 are essential to manage the operation of self-driving cars on roads. In conclusion, the future of self-driving cars presents 9 mix of opportunities and challenges that will shape our societies, economies, and environments. We should develop the strengths of this technology while reducing 40 (it) risks. （24-25高二上·四川德阳·期末）In the early days of the People’s Republic of China, Youyu county, 1 (locate) at the edge of the Maowusu Desert, had a green coverage ratio of less than 0.3 percent. Over the past seven decades, continuous efforts have increased the county’s green coverage 2 68 percent, turning barren land into 3 oasis (绿洲), which shows how China’s national efforts are transforming the environment. China’s forest coverage rate has risen from 8.6 percent to more than 24 percent. Since the start of this century, it is estimated that China 4 (contribute) around a quarter of the world’s new green areas, according to the Ministry of Ecology and Environment. The Three-North Shelterbelt Forest Program, 5 was started in 1978, has effectively limited desertification (沙漠化) and sandstorms, forming a “green great wall.” By 2020, afforestation (植树造林) was completed on 480 million mu of land, 6 (raise) forest from around 5 percent in 1978 to about 14 percent in these regions. What makes this program 7 (remark) is its impact on conserving water, soil, and agriculture. Efforts persist today with new programs 8 (design) to prevent land degradation. The goal is to improve ecological resilience and protect agriculture 9 (global). This transformation is one of the most important environmental 10 (achievement). ( 1 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 重难点11 语法填空之综合练 考点一：提示词为动词，考查谓语动词。 若句中没有其他的谓语动词，或者虽已有谓语动词，但需填的动词与之是并列关系时，所给动词就是谓语动词，就要考虑时态、语态和主谓一致，偶尔也有考查虚拟语气的情况。 例1 (2025•八省联考卷) The UN Chinese Language Day not only provides a unique platform for the world to better understand China, but also (promote) language and cultural exchanges in the world. 答案: promotes。 解析：考查时态和主谓一致。句意：联合国中文日不仅为世界提供了一个更好地了解中国的独特平台，而且促进了世界范围内的语言和文化交流。此处与provides并列作谓语，时态应用一般现在时，且主语为The UN Chinese Language Day，本空用promote“促进”的第三人称单数promotes。故填promotes。 例2 (2024•浙江1月卷) However, though it’s nice to get a few cents off a pack of sausages, it would help even more if they could sometimes 61 (offer) in smaller packs. 答案: be offered。 解析：考查含有情态动词的被动语态。句意：然而，虽然一包香肠能便宜几美分是件好事，但如果有时能以小包装出售，那就更好了。动词offer意为“提供”，和主语构成被动关系，主语they代指前文中的sausages。在情态动词could后动词应用原形。故填be offered。 例3（2023全国乙卷）Having visited several times over the last 10 years, I (amaze) by the co-existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing. 答案：was amazed。 解析：考查时态和语态。句意：在过去的10年里，我多次访问北京，我惊讶于这里的新旧共存，惊讶于一个城市如何在不断发展的同时保持如此丰富的文化遗产。这里为本句谓语动词，根据下文“how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing.”可知，本句用一般过去时；主语I和动词amaze之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填was amazed。 考点二：提示词为动词，考查非谓语动词。 若句中已有谓语动词且不是并列谓语时，则所给动词应用非谓语动词形式。一般而言，v.－ing形式表示主动、进行；动词－ed形式表示被动、完成；动词不定式表示目的、将来、具体或一次性的动作。 例4（2023新高考I卷）To eat one, you have to decide whether (bite) a small hole in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill (溢出), or to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue. 答案: to bite。 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：吃小笼包的时候，你必须要决定是先咬一个小口流出汤汁，还是把整个小笼包放进嘴里，让热汤在舌头上爆炸。decide to do sth.“决定做某事”，用不定式作宾语，空处与后面to put并列作宾语，故填to bite。 例5（2023全国甲卷）“There was once a town in the heart of America, where all life seemed to enjoy peaceful existence with is surroundings,” her fable begins, (borrow) some familiar words from many age-old fables. 答案：borrowing。 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：“从前，在美国的中心地带有一个小镇，那里所有的生命似乎都和周围的环境一起享受着和平的生活，”她的寓言是这样开头的，借用了许多古老寓言中的一些熟悉的词。句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词形式。逻辑主语her fable与borrow之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故填borrowing。 考点三：提示词为动词，考查词性转换为名词或形容词。 当所给提示词虽为动词，但既不是谓语动词又不是非谓语动词时，就要考虑进行词性转换。高考中常考查动词变为名词，偶有变形容词或副词的情况。做题时只需根据其所作句子成分来确定其词性便可做出正确的转换。 例6（2023新高考II卷）Since June 2017, right before the 36 (arrive) of the two new pandas, Meng Meng and Jiao Qing, I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and confident speaking English. 答案：arrival。 解析：考查名词。句意：从2017年6月开始，就在两只新大熊猫“萌萌”和“娇青”到来之前，我一直在帮助动物园的熊猫饲养员更舒服、更自信地说英语。分析句子结构可知，空前是冠词，空后是介词，所以空处应填名词作介词before的宾语，arrive的名词形式是arrival，不可数名词。故填arrival。 例7（2021全国II卷）I was so________ (excite) when he wrote back to me. 答案：excited 解析：考查形容词。句意：当他给我回信时，我很兴奋。该空作was之后的表语，用形容词，修饰人，用v+ed形式的形容词，所以填excited。 考点四：提示词为名词，考查名词的数与格及词形转换。 所给词为名词时，常考查单复数的变化，此时应首先判断所给名词为可数还是不可数再根据其修饰词来确定，例如，当其前有one of, many, different, all等词或短语且所给名词为可数名词时，应用其复数形式；有时也考查名词的所有格，此时它应做定语，译作“……的”。 所给词为名词时，有时也考查词类转换，主要是名词变为形容词或动词。 例8（2023新高考II卷）They also need to be ready to give 41 (interview) in English with international journalists. 答案：interviews。 解析：考查名词的数。句意：他们还需要准备好用英语接受国际记者的采访。分析句子结构可知，空前是动词，所以空处应填名词作宾语，interview意为“采访”为可数名词，不止一段采访，应用复数形式。故填interviews。 例9（2022新高考II卷）He saved my _________ (son) life," said Mrs. Brown. 答案：son’s 解析：考查名词所有格。句意：他拯救了我儿子的生命。根据句意，life与提示词son之间是所属关系，故应该使用名词所有格。故填son’s。 例10（2023浙江1月卷） The hutongs they formed were orderly, lined by (space) homes and walled gardens. 答案：spacious。 解析：考查形容词。句意：他们建立的胡同井然有序。宽大的房屋和有墙的花园成行排列。空格处需要填形容词作定语修饰空格后的名词homes。故填spacious。 考点五：提示词代词，考查代词的数、格或反身代词。 所给词为代词时，常考查人称代词变为物主代词，此时其后一般会有一个名词，所给代词就是用来修饰这个名词的，译作“……的”。 所给词为代词时，有时考查人称代词变为反身代词。这两种情况一般可依据所作成分或句意进行判断。 例11（2023新高考I卷）Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them to be lifted out of the steamer basket without allowing them tearing or spilling any of 42 (they) contents. 答案：their。 解析：考查代词。句意：除了南翔，最好的小笼包有一个精致的外皮，可以让它们从蒸笼篮中拿出来，而不会撕裂或溢出里面的东西。修饰后面的名词contents(东西)需用形容词性物主代词their。故填their。 例12（2021全国I卷）As the song goes, this long and winding road "will never disappear", and it will always stick in the visitor’s memory. It sure does in 　 　（I）. 答案：mine 解析：句意为：对我来说的确如此。指my memory,所以用名词性物主代词作介词的宾语,故填mine. 例13（2020年新高考卷）As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations (模拟) and imagine _________ (they) living at a different time in history or walking through a rainforest. 答案：themselves 解析：考查反身代词。句意:除了观赏展品，游客还可以玩电脑模拟游戏，想象自己生活在一个不同的历史时期，或者漫步在热带雨林中。此处指代visitors，意为“他们自己”，应使用反身代词。故填themselves。 考点六：提示词为形容词，考查形容词或副词的比较等级。 当提示词为形容词或副词时，常考查比较等级(即比较级和最高级)。此时一般可根据所给提示词前后的than, by, the, even等比较等级中常出现的特殊词汇并结合语意去进行判断。 例14（2023浙江1月卷）Their siheyuan were far smaller in scale and (simple)in design and decoration, and the hutongs were narrower. 答案：simpler。 解析：考查形容词比较级。句意：他们的四合院规模要小很多，并且在设计和装饰上更加简单，并且胡同也更窄。根据句子结构和and可知，空格处需要填形容词比较级和前面的smaller构成并列结构作表语。故填simpler。 例15（2022全国甲卷）In the last five years, Cao has walked through 34 countries in six continents, and in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa’s ____________ (high) mountain. 答案:highest。 考查形容词最高级。句意：在过去的五年中，曹穿越了六大洲的34个国家，2016年，他到达了乞力马扎罗山顶，这是非洲最高的山峰。根据空前Africa’s可知，此处表示乞力马扎罗山是非洲最高的山脉，应用形容词最高级。故填highest。 考点七：提示词为形容词，考查形容词词性转换为副词甚至动词。 当所给提示词虽为形容词或副词且不是考查比较等级时，则应考虑形容词或副词的词性转换，一般常考查形容词变为副词或名词。做题时，除了根据句意进行判断外，主要应从其所作成分去思考。 例16（2023新高考I卷）No matter where I buy them, one steamer is 44 (rare) enough, yet two seems greedy, so I am always left wanting more next time. 答案：rarely。 解析：考查副词。句意：无论我在哪里买，一蒸笼都不够，而两蒸笼又显得太贪心了，所以我总是想下次再买。修饰形容词用副词作状语，rarely“少有”，故填rarely。 例17（2023新高考II卷）So, what are they learning? 43 (basic), how to describe a panda’s life. 答案：Basically。 解析：考查副词。句意：基本上，如何描述熊猫的生活。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰空后整个句子，应该用副词修饰，basic的副词形式是basically位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Basically。 考点八：无提示词，根据句子含义填冠词。 若空后有名词且两者搭配在一起表示泛指或特指，或者有序数词、最高级、表示特指意义的比较级等形式，则一般填冠词。此外，还需注意冠词的固定搭配。 例18（2023新高考I卷）The meat should be fresh with 43 touch of sweetness and the soup hot, clear and delicious. 答案：a。 解析：考查冠词。句意：肉应该是新鲜的，有一点甜味，汤应该是热的，清澈的，美味的。a touch of “一点点；稍许”，常用搭配，touch“轻微；稍许”常用作单数。故填a。 例19（2023新高考II卷）Not the pandas, even though 39 language used for the medical training instructions is actually English. 答案：the。 解析：考查冠词。句意：不是熊猫，尽管医学训练指导使用的语言实际上是英语。分析句子结构可知，此处特指用于医学训练指导使用的语言，表特指，应用定冠词修饰。故填the。 考点九：无提示词，根据句子含义填介词。 当名词或代词在句中不作主语、表语或动词的宾语时，其前一般填介词。高考语法填空中对介词的考查侧重固定搭配或习惯用法，应注意平时多积累。 例20（2023新高考I卷）There you will find them prepared differently- more dumpling and less soup, and the wrappers are pressed 40 hand rather than rolled. 答案：by。 解析：考查介词。句意：在那里，你会发现它们的制作方式不同——更多汤包，更少的汤，包子皮是用手压的，而不是擀出来的。by hand“用手”是固定搭配，根据句意，故填by。 例21（2023全国甲卷）She warns of the environmental dangers facing society, and she teaches that people must take responsibility 68 saving their environment. 答案：for。 解析：考查介词。句意：她警告社会面临的环境危险，并教导人们必须承担起保护环境的责任。take responsibility for对……负责。故填for。 考点十：无提示词，根据句子含义填代词。 当句子缺少主语或宾语时，一般要填入代词或名词。高考侧重对it作形式主语、宾语的考查，近几年对人称代词、不定代词的考查往往会给提示词的。 例22（2018年浙江卷）Many westerners who come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap _________ can be to eat out. 答案：it 解析：考查it用法。句子为感叹句，正常语序应该是it can be how cheap to eat out.其中不定式to eat out是真正主语，it是形式主语。故填it。 考点十一：无提示词，根据句子含义填并列连词。 当空格处前后是同一层次并具有相同句法功能的词、短语或句子时，空格处一般填并列连词。此时要根据前后部分的逻辑关系或固定句式去填and, but，or等。 例23（2023新高考I卷）To eat one, you have to decide whether to bite a small hole in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill (溢出), 38 to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue. 答案：or。 解析：考查连词。句意：吃小笼包的时候，你必须要决定是先咬一个小口流出汤汁，还是把整个小笼包放进嘴里，让热汤在舌头上爆炸。whether...or... “是……还是……”，固定搭配，根据句意，故填or。 例24（2023新高考II卷）It’s been an honor to watch the panda programme develop 44 to see the pandas settle into their new home. 答案：and。 解析：考查连词。句意：我很荣幸能看到熊猫项目的发展，看到熊猫们在新家安顿下来。分析句子结构可知，“to watch the panda programme develop”和“to see the pandas settle into their new home”两者是并列关系，应该用and连接。故填and。 例25（2023全国乙卷）It is a distinct visual contrast (反差) that shouldn’t work, 65 somehow these two very different worlds make a good combination. 答案：but。 解析：考查连词。句意：但不知何故，这两个截然不同的世界却很好地结合在了一起。空前“It is a distinct visual contrast (反差) that shouldn’t work,”和空后“somehow these two very different worlds make a good combination.”之间存在转折关系，用but。故填but。 考点十二：无提示词，根据句子含义填定语从句关系代词或关系副词。 设空处跟在名词后面，且空后的句子对这个名词进行修饰限定，即表示这个名词的性质、特点等，则为定语从句，然后再根据这个名词在空后句子中所作的成分去判断用何关系词。 例26（2024浙江1月卷）Of course, shops are not charities — they price goods in the way 58 will make them the most money. 答案：that/which。 解析：考查定语从句。句意：当然，商店不是慈善机构——他们以最赚钱的方式给商品定价。在定语从句中缺少主语，且先行词为way，所以应用关系代词that或which。故填that/which。 例27（2023全国甲卷）“There was once a town in the heart of America, 64 all life seemed to enjoy peaceful existence with is surroundings,” her fable begins, borrowing some familiar words from many age-old fables. 答案：where。 解析：考查定语从句。句意：“从前，在美国的中心地带有一个小镇，那里所有的生命似乎都和周围的环境一起享受着和平的生活，”她的寓言是这样开头的，借用了许多古老寓言中的一些熟悉的词。句中先行词为town，在非限定性定语从句作地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导。故填where。 考点十三：无提示词，根据句子含义填名词性从句连接词。 设空处后面有两个谓语动词，通常后面的那个是主句的谓语，前面为主语从句；设空处跟在及物动词或介词后面，且后面有谓语动词，通常为宾语从句；设空处跟在系动词后面(注意系动词不仅仅是指be动词，还包括感官动词和表示动作保持或变化的动词)，则为表语从句。 例28（2023新高考II卷）They also need to be ready to give interviews in English with international journalists. This is 42 they need an English trainer. 答案：why。 解析：考查表语从句。句意：这就是他们需要英语培训师的原因。分析句子结构可知，空处引导表语从句，从句中结构完整，应该用连接副词连接，前文提到需要培训师的原因，此处是表达“这就是他们需要英语培训师的原因”之意，应用why引导表语从句。故填why。 例29（2021全国I卷）_____________is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes. 答案：what。 解析：考查主语从句。句意为：这段经历让人叹为观止的是那些超凡脱俗的场景。引导主语从句,在从句中作主语,表示"……的东西",故填What。 考点十四：无提示词，根据句子含义填状语从句连接词。 设空处所在的句子后面为逗号，逗号后为另一个句子，此时一般为状语从句。从属连词是连词的一种，用来引导从句，作为主句的一部分，修饰主句。确定从属连词的关键是，先判断其前后是不是两个完整的句子，它们是否都有各自的谓语，然后根据句意确定它们的从属关系判断具体用哪个词。 例30（2020全国III卷）__________ he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary (传奇的) artist, they smiled and pointed down the river. 答案：When/As。 解析：考查连接词。句意：当他问河岸上的村民，他在哪里可以找到这位传奇艺术家时，他们笑着指着河的下游。本句为时间状语从句，表示“当……时候”，且从句中动词asked为短暂性动作动词，不能用while引导，故应用when或as引导。句首单词首字母要大写。故填When/As。 （建议用时：40分钟） 【提升练一：给词填空微练】 1．In most people the first signs show up in their 50s or early 60s. And among people who don’t exercise, the changes can start even (soon). 【答案】sooner 【详解】考查比较级。句意：大多数人在50多岁或60岁出头时出现第一个症状。而在不锻炼的人群中，这种变化可能会更早开始。这里是一个比较级的语境，even这个词通常用于修饰比较级，表示程度的加深。soon是副词，其比较级是sooner，意思是 “更早；更快”，与前面提到的in their 50s or early 60s形成对比，强调不锻炼的人身体出现变化的时间更早。故填sooner。 2．After over a decade of field research, Li (successful) completed the first draft of his masterpiece, Bencao Gangmu, or the Compendium of Materia Medica in 1578. 【答案】successfully 【详解】考查副词。句意：经过十多年的实地调研，李时珍在1578 年成功完成了他的杰作《本草纲目》的初稿。此处修饰动词completed(完成)，要用副词形式，successful是形容词，其副词形式为successfully，表示 “成功地”。故填successfully。 3．In recent years, local authorities have replaced their handmade ladders with a steel one,   (extreme) reducing their travel time. 【答案】extremely 【详解】考查副词。句意：近年来，当地政府用钢制梯子取代了手工制作的梯子，极大地减少了他们的出行时间。此处是用来修饰动词“reducing（减少）”，需要用副词形式extremely作状语。故填extremely。 4．The birds, usually around 10 to 15 in number, (gather) around her before she even had a chance (take) the bag of rice out from her handbag. 【答案】 would gathe to take 【详解】考查时态和非谓语动词。句意：在她还没来得及从手提包中取出一袋米之前，通常约为10 到15只鸟，就会聚集在她周围。第一空做谓语，由从句had和句意可知，表示过去将要发生的事，应用过去将来时，即would gather；第二空是固定搭配have a chance to do sth.，意为“有机会做某事”，故填would gather；to take。 5．In 2010, the UN Department of Global Communications (institute) language days for each of the organization’s six (office) languages. 【答案】 instituted official 【详解】考查动词时态和形容词。句意：2010年，联合国全球传播部为联合国六种官方语言分别设立了语言日。第一空作谓语，根据“In 2010”可知，行为发生在过去，时态应用一般过去时，institute“建立，制定”应用过去式的形式；第二空作修饰languages的定语，office的形容词形式official“官方的”符合题意，表示“官方语言”。故填①instituted；②official。 6．On this particular evening, the lady arrived at her usual spot (feed) the birds. But, as she approached the bench to sit down, her necklace (fall) to the ground. 【答案】 to feed fell 【详解】考查非谓语动词和时态。句意：在这个特别的晚上，这位女士来到她平常的地方喂鸟。但是，当她走近长凳坐下时，她的项链掉在了地上。第一空feed作目的状语，应用不定式形式；第二空作谓语，结合上文approached可知为一般过去时。故填①to feed；②fell。 7．（24-25高三上·福建福州·期中）Last year, the tennis player (withdraw) from several tournaments due to injury. 【答案】withdrew 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：去年，这位网球运动员因伤退出了几场比赛。设空处作谓语，根据时间状语“Last year”可知应用一般过去时，设空处填动词不定式withdrew。故填withdrew。 8．Her father, the first person from Hunan Province (reach) the summit of Qomolangma, greatly _________ (influence) her. 【答案】to reach, influenced 【详解】考查不定式和时态。句意：她的父亲是第一位登上珠穆朗玛峰的湖南人，极大地影响了她。person有序数词first修饰，用reach“到达”的不定式，作后置定语。本句描述过去的动作和状态，故时态用一般过去时，第二空用influence“影响”的过去式，作谓语。故填①to reach；②influenced。 9．I (intend) to see you off at the airport, but I had an unexpected visitor when I was about to leave. 【答案】had intended 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：我本打算去机场送你，但正当我准备出发时，来了一个意外的访客。结合句意可知，此处考查had intended/ planned/ expected…“本打算/计划/期待”，它们是特殊的虚拟语气，表示没有按计划/安排等完成任务，故填had intended。 10．Together, they experienced kindness, ________ (visit) charities, and rescued animals, forming an unbreakable bond. 【答案】visited 【详解】考查时态。句意：他们一起体验了善意，参观了慈善机构，救助了动物，形成了不可破的纽带。visit意为“参观”，空处与experienced和rescued并列，用连词and连接，应为一般过去式。故填visited。 11．Nathen ________ (cycle) along a remote road when he came across an abandoned kitten. 【答案】was cycling 【详解】考查固定句型和时态。句意：Nathen在一条偏僻的路上骑自行车时，遇到了一只被遗弃的小猫。cycle“骑自行车”。根据句意和空后的when和came可知，此处为固定句型was/were doing... when...，本空用过去进行时，表示过去某个时间正在进行的动作，主语Nathen为第三人称单数，be动词用was。故填was cycling。 12．Sitting in the front row (be) some college students who are invited to take part in a debate. 【答案】are 【详解】考查主谓一致。句意：坐在前排的是一些大学生，他们被邀请参加一场辩论。本句为完全倒装结构，主语为some college students，陈述事实用一般现在时，谓语用复数。故填are。 13．He was about to do his homework when an unusual noise (arrest) his attention. 【答案】arrested 【详解】考查动词的时态。句意：他刚要做作业，这时一个不寻常的声音吸引了他的注意力。根据was可知，主句的时态为一般过去时，从句应该与主句时态一致，所以空格处应该用提示词的动词过去式形式。故填arrested。 14．When he wasn’t doing all that, Jim was running across a checkerboard of green lawns (草坪) (ensure) the local postal service did not fall short of its (day) promise. 【答案】 to ensure，daily 【详解】考查非谓语动词和形容词。句意：当吉姆不做这些事情的时候，他就会跑过像棋盘一样的绿色草坪，以确保当地的邮政服务不会辜负它每天的承诺。句子已有谓语，第一空是非谓语，作目的状语，表示“为了……”，应用ensure“确保”的不定式形式；第二空作修饰promise的定语，应用形容词daily，意为“每天的”。故填①to ensure；②daily。 15．The goal was two-fold: (celebrate) cultural diversity as well as to promote the equal use of all six (tongue). 【答案】to celebrate，tongues 【详解】考查非谓语和名词复数。句意：目标有两个：一是庆祝文化多样性，二是促进所有六种语言的平等使用。此处第一个空填to celebrate，与后面的to promote构成并列结构，“to + 动词原形”在这里作表语，用于说明目标具体所指的两方面内容；第二个空填tongues，根据前面的“all six(所有六个)”可知要用复数形式，tongue作可数名词时意思是“语言，方言” 等。故填to celebrate；tongues。 16．I was sitting on the grass nearby (wait) for the sun to set. (notice) that, I got up to get it back for her. 【答案】 waiting，Noticing 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我坐在附近的草地上，等待太阳落山。注意到这一点，我站起来给她拿回来。第一空需填非谓语动词作状语，I和wait为逻辑主谓关系，需用现在分词形式；第二空需填非谓语动词作状语，I和notice为逻辑主谓关系，需用现在分词形式，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填①waiting；②Noticing。 17．We also have a range of (bird) and other animals (offer) a fun-filled day out for families. 【答案】birds，to offer 【详解】考查名词的数和非谓语动词。句意：我们还有各种鸟类和其他动物，可为家庭提供充满乐趣的一天。a range of(各种各样的)，后面应用复数形式作宾语，第二空表示目的，应用不定式作目的状语，故填birds；to offer。 18．（24-25高三上·福建福州·期中） (expose) to the freezing weather, many brave tourists and scientists still choose to visit Antarctica. 【答案】Exposed 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管暴露在寒冷的天气中，许多勇敢的游客和科学家仍然选择去南极洲旅游。本句谓语为choose，此处为非谓语动词，且expose“使暴露”与逻辑主语many brave tourists and scientists为被动关系，应用过去分词，作状语。位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Exposed。 19．He was lying on the grass, his hands (cross) under his head. 【答案】crossed 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他躺在草地上，双手交叉放在头下。句中已有谓语was lying，且没有连词，空处作非谓语动词，cross与逻辑主语his hands之间是被动关系，应用过去分词形式crossed，构成独立主格结构。故选crossed。 20．Butch, a dog who belonged to one of the (neighbor), was waiting just like every day before. 【答案】neighbors 【详解】考查名词的数。句意：其中一个邻居家的一只狗布奇，像往常一样等着。此处用固定结构“one of the+可数名词复数”表示“……之一”，neighbor“邻居”应用复数形式。故填neighbors。 21．If you decide to do your own make-up, here are a few (use) tips that will help you look your best. 【答案】useful 【详解】考查形容词。句意：如果你决定自己化妆，这里有一些小提示可以帮助你看起来最好。空白处在句子中作定语，使用形容词，故填useful。 22．Finally, they reached the snow-covered Uhuru summit, the (high) point of Kilimanara. 【答案】highest 【详解】考查形容词最高级。句意：最终，他们到达了白雪覆盖的乌呼鲁峰，乞力马扎罗山的最高点。根据句意及设空处前的the可知需用形容词的最高级形式highest修饰名词point。故填highest。 23．The (high) we go above the earth, the (thin) the air is. 【答案】 higher thinner 【详解】考查比较级固定句型。句意：我们离地面越高，空气就越稀薄。根据句中的两个“The…”，“the…”并结合句意可推知，这是“The+比较级+主语+谓语，the+比较级+主语+谓语”句型，意为“越……，就越……”。因此，空①为“higher”，空②为“thinner”。故填①higher；②thinner。 24．My car broke down on the way, otherwise I (get) there on time. 【答案】would have got 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：我的车在路上抛锚了，否则我就准时到那了。此处otherwise引出含蓄虚拟条件，后面的句子应用虚拟语气。根据broke down判断这里是对过去的虚拟，所以用would have done的形式。故填would have got。 25．So far, the number of the workers in that factory (decrease) by 12 percent. 【答案】has decreased 【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，那家工厂的工人人数减少了12%。空处应填谓语动词，由时间状语So far可知应用现在完成时，the number of +名词复数作主语，谓语动词应用单数形式，故填has decreased。 【提升练二：自由填空微练】 1．Stay focused and persistent, you’ll get over challenges and attain your goals. 【答案】and 【详解】考查连词。句意：保持专注并坚持下去，你会克服挑战，实现你的目标。设空处使用连词连接前后两个句子，此处构成祈使句+and/or+简单句的固定结构，该句型中and表示前后句是顺接关系，意思是“那么”。故填and。 2． is acknowledged that wealth doesn't necessarily boost happiness. 【答案】It 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：人们普遍认为财富不一定能增加幸福感。本题考查的是主语从句的固定句型“It is acknowledged that…”，意为“人们普遍认为……”，it作形式主语，that引导主语从句，作真正的主语。故填It。 3．Apart its geographical diversity, Canada’s many rural areas and urban centers reflect the diversity of its residents. 【答案】from 【详解】考查介词。句意：除了地理上的多样性，加拿大的许多农村地区和城市中心也反映了其居民的多样性。apart from“除了”，固定短语，故填from。 4．We have found an approach   dealing with the tough problem. 【答案】to 【详解】考查介词。句意：我们找到了一个解决这个难题的方法。固定搭配approach to“……的方法”，to是介词。故填to。 5．The ban cigarette smoking inside public buildings has now been enforced for over 2 years. 【答案】on 【详解】考查介词。句意：公共建筑内禁止吸烟的规定已经实施了两年多了。ban on sth.是固定搭配，意为“关于某事的禁令”。故填on。 6．The Chinese government will continue to attach importance the development of bilateral ties with Bulgaria. 【答案】to 【详解】考查介词。句意：中国政府将继续重视与保加利亚的双边关系发展。attach importance to sth为固定短语，意为“重视某事”，to是介词。故填to。 7．（23-24高一上·山东淄博·期中）Some nouns and adjectives can be used as verbs, the other way round. 【答案】or 【详解】考查连词。句意：有些名词和形容词可以用作动词，反过来亦是如此。根据句意可知，此处为连词or表示“或者”，满足句意要求。故填or。 8．I was left with a huge smile on my face happily went back to watching the sunset.   【答案】and 【详解】考查并列连词。句意：我脸上带着灿烂的笑容，高高兴兴地回去看日落。此处需要使用并列连词，连接两个并列谓语“was left”与“went back”。故填and。 9．There, I would always see same elderly lady feeding the pigeons. 【答案】the 【详解】考查冠词。句意：在那里，我总是看到同一个老太太在喂鸽子。same前需要使用定冠词the。故填the。 10．Young people today may find difficult to be accustomed to life without the Internet. 【答案】it 【详解】考查代词。句意：今天的年轻人可能会发现很难习惯没有互联网的生活。“find it + adj. + to do sth.”是一个常用结构，其中 it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的 to be accustomed to life without the Internet。故填it。 11．Hardly had he got to the middle of the street he saw a car suddenly appear on his right-hand side and come directly towards him. 【答案】when 【详解】考查固定句式以及部分倒装结构。句意：他刚到街道中间，突然看到一辆车从他的右侧出现，直接朝他开来。由于hardly位于句首，句子采用了部分倒装结构，构成固定句型hardly...when...“一……就……”，用于描述两个几乎同时发生的动作或事件，其中 hardly 后的动作先发生，when 后的动作紧接着发生。故填when。 12．I liked to go and watch the sunset at my local park, was a seaside area in Karachi. 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我喜欢去当地的公园看日落，那是卡拉奇的一个海滨地区。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词 local park，在从句作主语，指物，故填which。 13．Rankings, however, are only one reason a low value is placed on teaching in higher education. 【答案】why 【详解】考查定语从句。句意: 然而，排名只是高等教育对教学重视程度较低的一个原因。设空处引导定语从句, 修饰先行词reason，引导词在从句中作原因状语, 应用关系副词why。故填why。 14． There is no doubt telescopes are crucial for astronomers to study the universe. 【答案】that 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：毫无疑问，望远镜对天文学家研究宇宙至关重要。there is no doubt that...为固定句型，表示“毫无疑问……”，that引导同位语从句，从句不缺成分，解释说明名词doubt的内容。故填that。 15．Leaves contain certain temperature sensitive chemicals. That’s the leaves change color in the fall. 【答案】why 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：叶子含有某些对温度敏感的化学物质。这就是树叶在秋天变色的原因。空处引导表语从句，从句缺少原因状语，需用连接副词why引导。故填why。 16．We choose this hotel because the price is down to $ 200, half of it used to charge. 【答案】what 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：我们选择这家旅馆，因为价格降到200美元，这是过去价格的一半。空格处引导宾语从句，作介词of的宾语，引导词在从句中作动词charge的宾语，指代“所需的费用”，所以使用连接代词what。故填what。 17．It was not until I entered high school I realized how right my parents were. 【答案】that 【详解】考查强调句型。句意：直到我上了高中，我才意识到我的父母是多么的正确。根据空前“It was not until I entered high school”及空后“I realized”可知，该句符合强调句型结构It is/was not until + 被强调部分 + that + 其它，去掉It was和设空处句子依然完整，强调时间状语从句，应用that。故填that。 18．Heritage protection is the top of the agenda for the benefit of all mankind. 【答案】at 【详解】考查介词。句意：遗产保护是造福全人类的头等大事。此处为固定短语at the top of意为“处于……的顶部”符合句意，所以此处使用介词at。故填at。 19．It’s been 33 years Jim left the route, but we are still reminded the deep bond (establish) between community and letter carrier. 【答案】 since of established 【详解】考查固定句型，介词和非谓语从句。句意：吉姆离开这条路线已经33年了，但我们仍然记得社区和邮递员之间建立的深厚联系。①空处是固定句型：It is/has been + 时间段 + since + 从句意为“自……以来已经……了”，所以用since，②空处为固定搭配：remind of意为“想起”，③空处，因为本句已有谓语动词are still reminded，所以establish用非谓语形式，和逻辑主语deep bond之间是被动关系，用过去分词形式。故填①since，②of，③established。 20．The Great Wall is UNESCO World Heritage site, consisting of many interconnected sections. 【答案】a 【详解】考查冠词。句意：长城是联合国教科文组织的世界遗产，由许多相互连接的部分组成。此处表示“长城是一个联合国教科文组织的世界遗产”，空处需要不定冠词表示泛指，且空后为辅音音素开始的单词，所以用不定冠词a。故填a。 21．I think essential for us to appeal to someone for help when necessary. 【答案】it 【详解】考查代词。句意：我认为我们有必要在必要的时候向别人求助。此处为“think+it+adj.+for sb. to do sth.”结构，其中it为形式宾语，不定式短语作真正的宾语，所以此处应为it作形式宾语。故填it. 22．Such an honest person is he you can turn to him when you are in trouble. 【答案】that 【详解】考查结果状语从句。句意：他是如此诚实的一个人，以至于你可以在困难时向他求助。根据“Such an honest person is he”可知，这里用了such部分置于句首引起的倒装，可还原为he is such an honest person，应用结果状语从句such…that…表示“如此……以至于……”。故填that。 23．Even though Tu Youyou is not interested in fame, she has become a scientist work is internationally renowned. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：句意: 尽管屠呦呦对名声不感兴趣，她已成为一位工作享誉国际的科学家。空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词scientist，关系词在从句中作定语，scientist和work是所属关系，用关系代词whose引导从句。故填whose。 24．Many of the chemicals in fireworks are also persistent in the environment, means they stubbornly sit there instead of breaking down. 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：烟花中的许多化学物质也会在环境中持续存在，这意味着它们顽固地停留在那里，而不是分解。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词指代整个主句的内容，关系词替代先行词在从句中作主语，用关系代词which。故填which。 25．Nevertheless, it contains lots of ideas beyond the passage of time, some of are still relevant today. 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：然而，它包含了许多超越时间流逝的思想，其中一些仍然适用于今天。空处和空前的some of搭配，形成“代词+of+关系代词”的结构，引导非限制性定语从句，对先行词ideas作补充说明，先行词指物，作介词of的宾语，因此应用关系代词which。故填which。 【提升练三：语篇填空微练】 （24-25高三上·甘肃白银·期末）A significant leap forward in quantum computing technology has been achieved by researchers in China, as the Anhui Quantum Computing Engineering Research Center announced that a high-performance anti-interference ruthenium oxide thermometer (抗干扰氧化钌温度计) 1 (develop) by Chinese scientists, Science and Technology Daily reported on Sunday. The thermometer 2 (create) by QuantumCTek, which boasts a starting temperature close to 6 millikelvin (mK), not only set a new record within China but also marked a crucial step 3 places China’s ultra-low temperature measurement technology for superconducting quantum computing at the forefront of global advancements. Ruthenium oxide thermometers play 4 vital role in quantum computers. They function by precisely 5 (measure) the temperature of the working environment within quantum chips. As explained by technology expert LiXu from QuantumCTek, “absolute zero” (around minus 273.15 degrees Celsius), also known as 0 Kelvin, is often referred to as the “lowest temperature in the universe” and represents the theoretical limit for 6 (achieve) thermodynamic temperatures. Since quantum states are 7 (incredible) delicate, quantum chips require operation at conditions near “absolute zero”. Even the 8 (slight) temperature fluctuation can lead to the loss of quantum information. Utilizing ruthenium oxide thermometers for accurate monitoring of a quantum chip’s operating temperature is essential for guaranteeing the stable operation of quantum computers and enhancing the accuracy and 9 (reliable) of calculations performed by these powerful machines, said Li. Wang Zhehui, deputy director of the Anhui Quantum Information Engineering Technology Research Center, hailed the new thermometer 10 a major step towards solidifying China’s self-sufficiency and control over the entire superconducting quantum computing industry chain. 【答案】 1．had been developed 2．created 3．that/which 4．a 5．measuring 6．achievable 7．incredibly 8．slightest 9．reliability 10．as 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。本文报道了中国在量子计算技术方面取得重大突破，安徽量子计算工程研究中心宣布，中国科学家研发了一款高性能抗干扰氧化钌温度计，该温度计不仅在国内创下新纪录，还标志着中国在超导量子计算超低温测量技术领域走在全球前列。 1．考查动词时态语态。句意：据《科技日报》周日报道，安徽省量子计算工程研究中心宣布，中国科学家已经研发出一种高性能的抗干扰氧化钌温度计，量子计算技术取得了重大突破。设空处应填谓语，根据前文的announced可知，此处表示设空处的动作发生在过去的过去，同时a high-performance anti-interference ruthenium oxide thermometer 与develop之间是被动关系，故使用过去完成时的被动语态。故填had been developed。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：这款由QuantumCTek公司研发的温度计，起始温度接近6毫开尔文（mK），不仅在中国创下了新纪录，也标志着中国在超导量子计算超低温测量技术领域迈出了至关重要的一步。句中set和marked构成并列谓语，create在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语thermometer构成被动关系，应用过去分词作定语。故填created。 3．考查定语从句。句意：同上。设空处引导定语从句，先行词为step，在从句中作主语，指物，应用关系代词that/which引导。故填which。 4．考查冠词。句意：氧化钌温度计在量子计算机中发挥着至关重要的作用。play a role in…为固定短语，意为“在……中发挥作用”。故填a。 5．考查非谓语动词。句意：它们通过精确测量量子芯片内部工作环境的温度来发挥作用。measure在句中应用非谓语动词形式，此处指通过测量温度来发挥作用，用介词by后接动名词作宾语，故填measuring。 6．考查形容词。句意：据来自QuantumCTek的技术专家李旭解释，“绝对零度”（约零下273.15摄氏度），也被称为0开尔文，通常被称为“宇宙中的最低温度”，代表了热力学温度理论上可达到的极限。设空处应用形容词作定语，修饰名词thermodynamic temperatures，表示“可实现的”，应用achievable，故填achievable。 7．考查副词。句意：由于量子态极其精细，量子芯片需要在接近“绝对零度”的条件下运行。设空处应用副词修饰形容词delicate，表示“极其”，应用incredibly，故填incredibly。 8．考查形容词最高级。句意：即使是极其微小的温度变化也会导致量子信息的丢失。根据后文can lead to the loss of quantum information可知，此处强调变化极其微小，应用形容词最高级作定语，修饰名词temperature fluctuation。故填slightest。 9．考查名词。句意：李说，利用氧化钌温度计准确监测量子芯片的工作温度，对于保证量子计算机的稳定运行，提高这些强大机器的计算准确性和可靠性至关重要。and连接并列成分，根据and前名词accuracy可知，设空处也应填名词，表示“可靠性”，应用reliability，不可数。故填reliability。 10．考查介词。句意：安徽省量子信息工程技术研究中心副主任王哲晖称赞这款新温度计，认为它是巩固中国在超导量子计算整个产业链上的自给自足和控制权方面迈出的一大步。设空处考查固定短语hail…as…，意为“称赞……为……”，故填as。 （24-25高一上·宁夏石嘴山·期末）Pets Corner is a company with dozens of pet stores and more than 600 employees around the UK. It is planning 1 (provide) the first-ever pet and human first aid course for its staff. To develop the 2 (special) designed course, training teams have been organized up to now. The course 3 (begin) next month. The full-day course will cover two parts with the first part 4 (deal) with humans and the second with dog and cat first aid. Topics covered will include different 5 (situation) in our daily life which require first aid skills such as minor injuries, shock and unconsciousness. Lucy Ross, Head of Training at Pets Corner, said, “At Pets Corner, we have always tried to apply an honest and moral approach to everything 6 we do. This includes having the best trained staff in the industry. Every human customer as well as their pet animals 7 (be) welcome in our stores. It’s our duty to provide all of our staff 8 the tools and knowledge they need to feel 9 (confidence) in helping both pets and customers. 10 makes sense that our staff’s first aid knowledge is beyond all your expectations.” 【答案】 1．to provide 2．specially 3．will begin 4．dealing 5．situations 6．that 7．is 8．with 9．confident 20．It 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了一家宠物公司Pets Corner为其员工提供宠物和人类急救培训课程的事情。 1．考查动词不定式。句意：它计划为员工提供有史以来第一个宠物和人类急救课程。此处为固定短语plan to do“计划做某事”，所以为动词不定式形式作宾语。故填to provide。 2．考查副词。句意：为开发这门专门设计的课程，迄今为止已经组织了培训团队。由副词修饰形容词可知，此处为副词specially作状语修饰过去分词转化的形容词designed，满足句意要求。故填specially。 3．考查动词时态。句意：这门课下个月开始。此处为谓语动词的填入，根据时间状语next month可知，此处为一般将来时。故填will begin。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：全天的课程将包括两部分，第一部分是关于人类的急救，第二部分是关于狗和猫的急救。此处为with的复合结构，其中的动词应为非谓语形式，deal和宾语the first part为主动关系，所以为现在分词形式。故填dealing。 5．考查名词复数形式。句意：课程内容包括日常生活中需要急救技巧的不同情况，如轻伤、休克及昏迷等。由空前different可知，此处为复数名词形式作宾语成分。故填situations。 6．考查定语从句。句意：“宠物之角”的培训主管露西·罗斯说：“在“宠物之角”，我们一直试图以诚实和道德的方式对待我们所做的一切。分析句子可知，设空处引导定语从句，先行词everything在从句中作宾语成分，因为先行词everything为不定代词，所以只能由关系代词that引导。故填that。 7．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：我们欢迎每一位顾客和他们的宠物光临我们的商店。此处为谓语动词的填入，根据上下文时态可知，此处为一般现在时，结合主语由as well as连接，因遵循就远原则，所以谓语动词和主语Every human customer保持一致，为动词三单形式。故填is。 8．考查介词。句意：我们有责任为所有员工提供他们所需的工具和知识，让他们有信心帮助宠物和顾客。此处为固定短语provide sb with sth，表示“为某人提供某物”，所以为介词with的填入。故填with。 9．考查形容词。句意：我们有责任为所有员工提供他们所需的工具和知识，让他们有信心帮助宠物和顾客。根据句意以及空前feel为系动词可知，此处为形容词confident“自信的”作表语，满足句意要求。故填confident。 20．考查代词。句意：我们员工的急救知识超出了你的预期，这是有道理的。分析句子可知，该句为it makes sense that...的固定句型，其中代词it为形式主语，that从句作真正的主语。位于句首，故填It。 （24-25高一上·河南南阳·期末）Fashion coming from traditional Chinese culture is going through a renaissance(复兴)on the world stage. At the Sino-French Fashion Week last week, 30 clothes, jewelry and hat elements(元素) 1 (select)to describe Quanzhou, a city in East China’s Fujian province. Quanzhou was the starting point of the Maritime Silk Road. During the Song (960—1279)and Yuan(1271—1368)dynasties, Quanzhou was one of the 2 (busy)seaports in the world. “The event began a dialogue between tradition and modernity, Eastern and Western aesthetics(美学),” says an 3 (experience)designer Meng Yueming, who was responsible 4 the hat. “Everything in Quanzhou has something to do with the ocean,” says Meng. “It’s quite different from the way I used to make. The fusion(融合)of culture is a 5 (complete)different feeling.” Zhang Kaidi, another designer, feels the same. Drawing 6 (inspire)from ocean elements, such as shells, fishes and waves, she designed a collection of necklaces and earrings, 7 (use) 3D technology. For Meng, the event was 8 good opportunity for Chinese culture and designers. He also encourages more designers 9 (take)part in this kind of event actively and show Chinese culture on the world stage. Meng hopes the event will develop cultural exchange between Quanzhou and Paris, as a symbol of the once-again flourishing(繁荣的)friendship, 10 dates back centuries. 【答案】 1．were selected 2．busiest 3．experienced 4．for 5．completely 6．inspiration 7．using 8．a 9．to take 10．which 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在中国福建泉州举办的一场融合中法时尚元素的活动，通过设计师的视角阐述了活动如何体现传统与现代、东西方美学的对话，以及活动对推广中国文化、促进文化交流的意义。 1．考查谓语动词。句意：在上周的中法时装周上，30件服装、珠宝和帽子元素被挑选出来，用以展现中国东部福建省的城市——泉州。空处为本句谓语动词；根据“last week”可知，本句时态为一般过去时；主语为“30 clothes, jewelry and hat elements(元素)”，复数，和动词“select”之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填were selected。 2．考查最高级。句意：在宋（96 -1279年）元（1271- 1368年）时期，泉州是世界上最繁忙的海港之一。此处为：one of+形容词最高级+名词复数。故填busiest。 3．考查形容词。句意：“这场活动开启了传统与现代、东方与西方美学之间的对话，”经验丰富的帽子设计师孟月明表示。空处为形容词形式修饰空后的名词“designer”，experienced意为“有经验的”。故填experienced。 4．考查固定搭配。句意：“这场活动开启了传统与现代、东方与西方美学之间的对话，”经验丰富的帽子设计师孟月明表示。固定搭配：be responsible for，意为“负责……”，符合句意。故填for。 5．考查副词。句意：“泉州的一切都与海洋息息相关，”孟月明说，“这和我以往的创作方式截然不同。文化的融合带来一种全然不同的感受。”修饰形容词“different”用副词形式。故填completely。 6．考查名词。句意：她从贝壳、鱼和海浪等海洋元素中汲取灵感，运用3D 技术设计了一系列项链和耳环。空处为名词形式担当宾语，inspiration意为“灵感”，且为不可数名词。故填inspiration。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：她从贝壳、鱼和海浪等海洋元素中汲取灵感，运用 3D 技术设计了一系列项链和耳环。空处为非谓语动词担当状语；主语“she”和动词“use”之间为主动关系，用现在分词形式。故填using。 8．考查冠词。句意：对孟月明而言，这场活动对中国文化和设计师来说是一个绝佳机遇。修饰可数名词单数，表示泛指，且good的发音为辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。故填a。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：他还鼓励更多设计师积极参与此类活动，在世界舞台上展示中国文化。空处为非谓语动词担当宾语补足语，构成短语：encourage sb. to do sth.，意为“鼓励某人做某事”。故填to take。 10．考查定语从句。句意：孟月明希望这场活动能促进泉州与巴黎之间的文化交流，作为数百年前就已存在的友好关系再次繁荣的象征。空处为定语从句的关系词；先行词为“cultural exchange between Quanzhou and Paris”，在非限制性定语从句中担当主语，用关系代词which引导。故填which。 （24-25高三上·辽宁·期末）Self-driving cars, also known as autonomous vehicles, have been a topic of interest and 1 (argue) for several years. The idea of vehicles that can operate 2 human control is promising. It can make transportation efficient and convenient. And as technology continues to advance rapidly, the widespread use of self-driving cars seems increasingly popular and unavoidable. In a future impacted by climate change and ecosystem protection, the role of self-driving cars 3 (become) vital in their environmental and social benefits and thus can increase energy efficiency, ease traffic jams, and promote shared mobility. 4 (enable) the change to electric and renewable-powered vehicles, self-driving cars also help encourage the efficient use of infrastructure (基础设施) . However, some challenges must be addressed 5 (ensure) safety. One of the primary 6 (concern) is regulation (管理) , as current traffic laws and policies may not be equipped to handle various problems 7 (close) related to autonomous vehicles. Governments and regulatory bodies will need to establish clear guidelines and safety standards 8 are essential to manage the operation of self-driving cars on roads. In conclusion, the future of self-driving cars presents 9 mix of opportunities and challenges that will shape our societies, economies, and environments. We should develop the strengths of this technology while reducing 40 (it) risks. 【答案】 1．argument 2．without 3．will become 4．Enabling 5．to ensure 6．concerns 7．closely 8．that/which 9．a 10．its 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了自动驾驶汽车，也被称为自动驾驶汽车，多年来一直是人们感兴趣和争论的话题。无人驾驶汽车的想法很有前景。它可以使交通高效和方便。随着科技的快速发展，自动驾驶汽车的广泛使用似乎越来越受欢迎，而且不可避免。 1．考查名词。句意：自动驾驶汽车，也被称为自动驾驶汽车，多年来一直是人们感兴趣和争论的话题。由and连接的interest为名词可知，此处也应为名词形式，共同作介词of的宾语成分。故填argument。 2．考查介词。句意：无人驾驶汽车的想法很有希望。根据句意以及空后human control为名词短语可知，此处为介词without表示“没有”，满足句意要求。故填without。 3．考查动词时态。句意：在受气候变化和生态系统保护影响的未来，自动驾驶汽车在环境和社会效益方面的作用将变得至关重要，因此可以提高能源效率，缓解交通拥堵，促进共享出行。此处为谓语动词的填入，根据该句In a future可知，此处为表示将来发生的动作，为一般将来时。故填will become。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：自动驾驶汽车使电动和可再生能源汽车成为可能，也有助于鼓励有效利用基础设施。此处为非谓语动词作状语，enable和逻辑主语self-driving cars为主动关系，所以为现在分词形式。首字母大写。故填Enabling。 5．考查动词不定式。句意：然而，为了确保安全，必须解决一些挑战。此处为动词不定式to do表示“为了……”作目的状语，满足句意要求。故填to ensure。 6．考查名词复数形式。句意：其中一个主要的担忧是监管，因为目前的交通法规和政策可能无法处理与自动驾驶汽车密切相关的各种问题。由空前primary为形容词可知，此处为名词形式，结合One of the可知，应为名词复数形式。故填concerns。 7．考查副词。句意：其中一个主要的担忧是监管，因为目前的交通法规和政策可能无法处理与自动驾驶汽车密切相关的各种问题。由副词修饰动词可知，此处为副词closely作状语修饰动词related to。故填closely。 8．考查定语从句。句意：政府和监管机构需要制定明确的指导方针和安全标准，这对管理自动驾驶汽车在道路上的运行至关重要。设空处引导定语从句，先行词clear guidelines and safety standards在从句中作主语成分，所以为关系代词that/ which引导。故填that/ which。 9．考查冠词。句意：总而言之，自动驾驶汽车的未来是机遇和挑战的混合体，将塑造我们的社会、经济和环境。根据句意以及空后mix为单数名词可知，此处为表示泛指“一种混合体”，结合mix为首音节辅音单词，所以为不定冠词a的填入。故填a。 10．考查代词。句意：我们应该发挥这项技术的优势，同时降低其风险。由空后risks为名词可知，此处为形容词性物主代词作定语修饰该名词。故填its。 （24-25高二上·四川德阳·期末）In the early days of the People’s Republic of China, Youyu county, 1 (locate) at the edge of the Maowusu Desert, had a green coverage ratio of less than 0.3 percent. Over the past seven decades, continuous efforts have increased the county’s green coverage 2 68 percent, turning barren land into 3 oasis (绿洲), which shows how China’s national efforts are transforming the environment. China’s forest coverage rate has risen from 8.6 percent to more than 24 percent. Since the start of this century, it is estimated that China 4 (contribute) around a quarter of the world’s new green areas, according to the Ministry of Ecology and Environment. The Three-North Shelterbelt Forest Program, 5 was started in 1978, has effectively limited desertification (沙漠化) and sandstorms, forming a “green great wall.” By 2020, afforestation (植树造林) was completed on 480 million mu of land, 6 (raise) forest from around 5 percent in 1978 to about 14 percent in these regions. What makes this program 7 (remark) is its impact on conserving water, soil, and agriculture. Efforts persist today with new programs 8 (design) to prevent land degradation. The goal is to improve ecological resilience and protect agriculture 9 (global). This transformation is one of the most important environmental 10 (achievement). 【答案】 1．located 2．to 3．an 4．has contributed 5．which 6．raising 7．remarkable 8．designed 9．globally 10．achievements 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了中国毛乌素沙漠边缘的右玉县在过去七十年间通过持续努力，将绿色覆盖率从不足0.3%提高到68%，将不毛之地变成了绿洲，并借此展示了中国全国性努力对环境改善的影响。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：在中华人民共和国成立初期，地处毛乌素沙漠边缘的右玉县，森林覆盖率不足0.3%。空处为非谓语动词担当后置定语；被修饰词“Youyu county”和动词“locate”之间为被动关系，用过去分词形式。故填located。 2．考查介词。句意：在过去的七十年里，经过持续不懈的努力，该县的森林覆盖率提升至68%，将荒地变成了绿洲，这彰显了中国为改善环境所做出的举国努力。空处为介词形式，构成短语：increase…to…，意为“将……提升为……”，符合句意。故填to。 3．考查冠词。句意：在过去的七十年里，经过持续不懈的努力，该县的森林覆盖率提升至68%，将荒地变成了绿洲，这彰显了中国为改善环境所做出的举国努力。修饰可数名词单数，表示泛指，用不定冠词；空后单词为元音音素开头，用an。故填an。 4．考查谓语动词。句意：据生态环境部统计，自本世纪初以来，中国新增的绿化面积约占全球新增绿化面积的四分之一。空处为从句谓语动词；根据时间状语“Since the start of this century”可知，本句时态为现在完成时；主语为“China”，单数，谓语动词用has。故填has contributed。 5．考查定语从句。句意：1978 年启动的“三北”防护林工程，有效地遏制了沙漠化和沙尘暴，构筑起了一道“绿色长城”。空处为定语从句的关系词；先行词为“The Three-North Shelterbelt Forest Program”，在非限制性定语从句中担当主语，用关系代词which引导。故填which。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：到2020年，已完成造林4.8亿亩，这些地区的森林覆盖率从1978年的约5%提高到了约14%。空处为非谓语动词担当结果状语，用现在分词形式。故填raising。 7．考查形容词。句意：这项工程的卓越之处在于其对水土保持和农业发展产生的积极影响。空处为形容词形式担当宾语补足语，意为“卓越的”。故填remarkable。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：如今，中国仍在持续努力，通过实施新的项目来防止土地退化。空处为非谓语动词担当宾语补足语；宾语“new programs”和动词“design”之间为被动关系，用过去分词形式。故填designed。 9．考查副词。句意：目标是提高生态恢复能力，并在全球范围内保护农业。担当句子的地点状语，用副词形式。故填globally。 10．考查名词的数。句意：这种转变是最重要的环境成就之一。固定搭配：one of 名词的复数形式，意为“……之一”，符合句意。故填achievements。 ( 1 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$