精品解析：陕西省渭南市2024-2025学年高三上学期一模考试英语试题

渭南市2025届高三教学质量检测 (Ⅰ) 英语试题 注意事项： 1. 本试卷由选择题和非选择题两大部分组成，共12页。选择题包括第一、第二和第三部分第一节;非选择题为第三部分第二节和第四部分。全卷满分150分。考试用时120分钟。 2. 考生领到试卷后，须按规定在试卷上填写姓名、准考证号，并在答题卡上填涂对应的信息点。 3. 所有答案必须在答题卡指定区域内作答。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节 (共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. £19.15 B. £f9.18 C. £9.15 答案是C. 1. How does the woman probably feel? A. Sorry. B. Tired. C. Comfortable. 2. Who does the girl usually play with probably? A. Lucy. B. Jane. C. Susan. 3. Where does the conversation take place? A. At the woman’s home. B. In an office. C. In a classroom. 4. What time is it now? A. 7:00 p. m. B. 7:30 p. m. C. 8:00 p. m. 5. What does the woman think can be done to help the environment? A. Buying fewer products. B. Creating more eco-friendly materials. C. Spending more money on scientific studies. 第二节 (共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。 6. What does the man say about his parents? A. They wear glasses. B. They are scientists. C. They limit his screen time. 7. What is the main topic of the conversation? A. Eating habits. B. Eyesight. C. Family. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. Why does the man call the woman? A. To complain about a lost package. B. To check on a broken package. C. To ask about a late package. 9. When was the package sent yesterday? A. At 8:00 a. m. B. At 10:00 a. m. C. At 5:00 p. m. 10. What will the woman do later? A. Check the tracking number. B. Deliver the package in person. C. Call the man back. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Teacher and student. B. Boss and employee. C. Classmates. 12. What problem does Henry have? A. He did worse than Harry in the test. B. He received the wrong test paper. C. He was given the wrong mark. 13. What does the woman offer to do? A. Call Henry’s mother to praise him. B. Give Henry a higher mark. C. Apologize in the class. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. What did the man want to be when he was a child? A. A story writer. B. A shop owner. C. A wedding planner. 15. What is the man’s mother interested in doing now? A. Planting flowers. B. Traveling around. C. Teaching people. 16. Which does the woman think is the most important for her job? A. Being patient. B. Providing care. C. Communicating well. 17. What does the man think of the woman’s job? A. It’s creative. B. It’s meaningful. C. It’s inspiring. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. What might cooks in the UK have to change soon? A. The way that they cook seafood. B. The place where they buy seafood. C. The range where they select seafood. 19. How did researchers at a public research university reach their conclusion? A. By making a lot of studies. B. By observing hundreds of animals. C. By looking at 300 different pieces of research. 20. What did Dr. Jonathan Birch say people should be trained to do to sea creatures? A. Prepare them more quickly. B. Kill them less painfully. C. Make them live freely. 第二部分 阅读理解 (共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Duke Kunshan University is a non-profit Sino-Foreign Cooperative University approved by the Chinese Ministry of Education and founded by Duke University and Wuhan University. We are committed to supporting talented international students who have a demonstrated desire to make a positive impact in the world around them. How to apply Applications for Duke Kunshan University are submitted using the Common App website. Application deadlines (2025 entry term) Early decision application deadline: November 4, 2024 (11:59 pm ET) Regular decision application deadline: January 2, 2025 (11:59 pm ET) Common application checklist · Counselor recommendation · High school transcripts · Teacher evaluations · SAT or ACT test score The application includes the Common App essay and 2 DKU-specific essays: 1. “Why do you think Duke Kunshan University is a good match for you? And what special qualities do you feel you could bring to Duke Kunshan University?” (Required) 2. “Is there anything else you would like the Admission Committee to know about you?” (Optional) Annual costs for international students 2024 2025 academic year Tuition & Fees: $66,326 Insurance: $1.413 Room: $2,119 Board: $2,968 Books & Supplies: S2, 596 Total Estimated Cost: $75.422 (exclusive of transportation costs) All fees and rates provided are estimates and are subject to change Scholarship & financial aid When you apply to DKU, you will have the opportunity to access both NEED-BASED FINANCIAL AID and MERIT-BASED SCHOLARSHIP awards that typically cover up to, and including, full tuition. General Contact-China Office Phone: +86 5123665 7675 Work Hours: Monday-Friday 9:00 AM-5:30 PM General Contact-U. S. Office Phone: +1919613 5416 Office Hours: Monday-Friday 9:00 AM-5:30 PM 1. What can we know about Duke Kunshan University? A. It is a profitable university in China. B. It is a Chinese-foreign joint university. C. It was founded by a Chinese university. D. It aimed to educate talented students for free. 2. Which of the following items must be submitted with the application? A. English level certificate. B. High school diploma. C. High school academic report. D. Volunteer experience. 3. Where is this text probably taken from? A. A research paper. B. A training schedule. C. A university website. D. An academic magazine. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文，文章主要讲的是如何申请昆山杜克大学。 1题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Duke Kunshan University is a non-profit Sino-Foreign Cooperative University approved by the Chinese Ministry of Education and founded by Duke University and Wuhan University.(昆山杜克大学是经中国教育部批准，由杜克大学和武汉大学共同创办的一所非营利性中外合作大学。)”可知昆山杜克大学是一所中外联合大学。故选B项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章Common application checklist部分的“•Counselor recommendation • High school transcripts• Teacher evaluations• SAT or ACT test score (•咨询师推荐•高中成绩单•教师评价•SAT或ACT考试成绩)”可知高中学业报告必须连同申请一并提交。故选C项。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章How to apply部分“Applications for Duke Kunshan University are submitted using the Common App website.(昆山杜克大学的申请是通过通用应用程序网站提交的。)”可知文章有可能出自一个大学网站。故选C项。 B The British Museum’s rich collection of ancient Chinese paintings has attracted many visitors. At the heart of this preservation and revival of Chinese art history is senior conservator (文物修复员) Qiu Jinxian. Joanna Kosek, head of Pictorial Art Conservation at the British Museum, told the Times Publications that Qiu is considered one of the museum’s most priceless treasures. “We let the treasure treat the treasure,” Kosek said. In 1987, Qiu was introduced to Mrs. Jessica Rawson, director of the British Museum. At the time the museum lacked conservators specializing in ancient Chinese art. The Chinese ancient paintings and cultural relics in the museum were largely repaired by Japanese and British methods, which were unsuitable for Chinese artworks. As a result, many pieces remained in storage, hidden from public view. Just before Christmas in 1987, Qiu had her first appointment at the British Museum. She was asked to repair a fire-damaged scroll by Fu Baoshi. Qiu’s methods, which included washing with warm water to separate the glue in order to repair the paper, stunned people on the spot. Some observers even got out the camera to record her methods as they’d never seen this way of restoring ancient art. Mrs. Rawson, amazed by Qiu Jinxian’s incredible skills, immediately invited Qiu to join the British Museum. Chinese ancient paintings are notoriously difficult to repair because of their large size, complex materials, diverse colors, and rich composition. The most important thing is to understand the long history, meaning and culture behind the painting. Repair is an extremely time and energy intensive process. Each painting normally takes several months from cleaning to restoration and drying. Since 1987, Qiu has repaired more than 400 artworks. Qiu told the media that she is very proud of her work. She wants more people to understand and appreciate Chinese history and culture through art. Although the artworks originated from China, they now belong to the people of the world. 4. Why is Qiu regarded as a treasure at the British Museum? A. She restored the Chinese scroll successfully. B. She is the only Chinese conservator there. C. She understands Chinese history comprehensively. D. She possesses special skills in repairing the treasures. 5. What does the underlined word “stunned” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Touched. B. Inspired. C. Shocked. D. Impacted. 6. What matters most for repairing Chinese artworks? A. Strong determination. B. Incredible painting skills. C. A deep understanding of the objects. D. A sound knowledge of Chinese history. 7. Which of the following best describes Qiu? A. Modest and patient. B. Creative and talented. C. Resourceful and humble. D. Innovative and dedicated. 【答案】4. D 5. C 6. C 7. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了中国文物修复员邱锦仙在英国博物馆修复中国古代绘画的事迹。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中“Joanna Kosek, head of Pictorial Art Conservation at the British Museum, told the Times Publications that Qiu is considered one of the museum’s most priceless treasures.(大英博物馆绘画艺术保护部门负责人Joanna Kosek向《泰晤士报出版业》透露，邱被视为该博物馆最无价的珍宝之一。)”以及第四段中“Some observers even got out the camera to record her methods as they’d never seen this way of restoring ancient art. (一些观察者甚至拿出相机记录下她的方法，因为他们从未见过这种修复古代艺术品的方法。)”以及倒数第二段中“Repair is an extremely time and energy intensive process. Each painting normally takes several months from cleaning to restoration and drying. Since 1987, Qiu has repaired more than 400 artworks.( 维修是一个耗费大量时间和精力的过程。从清洁到修复和干燥，每幅画通常需要几个月的时间。自1987年以来，她已经修复了400多件艺术品。)”可知，邱锦仙在文物修复方面有着特殊技能，同时她已经修复了400多件艺术品，并且邱被视为该博物馆最无价的珍宝之一；可以推断出邱被视为英国博物馆的珍宝是因为她拥有修复珍宝的特殊技能。故选D。 【5题详解】 词义猜测题。根据文章第四段划线词前面的内容“Qiu’s methods, which included washing with warm water to separate the glue in order to repair the paper, stunned people on the spot.(邱的方法包括用温水清洗以分离胶水来修复纸张，这让在场的人……)”以及后文“Some observers even got out the camera to record her methods as they’d never seen this way of restoring ancient art. (一些观察者甚至拿出相机记录她的方法，因为他们从未见过这种修复古代艺术的方式)”可以推断，一些观察者甚至拿出相机记录她的方法，因为他们从未见过这种修复古代艺术的方式，因此邱的修复方法让人们感到震惊。因此，划线词与选项C“Shocked.(震惊的)”意思相近。故选C。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第五段“Chinese ancient paintings are notoriously difficult to repair because of their large size, complex materials, diverse colors, and rich composition. The most important thing is to understand the long history, meaning and culture behind the painting. (中国古画因为尺寸大、材料复杂、颜色多样、构图丰富而难以修复。最重要的是理解画作背后的悠久历史、意义和文化)”可知，修复中国艺术品最重要的是对修复对象的深刻理解。因此，选项C“A deep understanding of the objects.(对修复对象的深刻理解)”符合题意。故选C。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中“Some observers even got out the camera to record her methods as they’d never seen this way of restoring ancient art. Mrs. Rawson, amazed by Qiu Jinxian’s incredible skills, immediately invited Qiu to join the British Museum.(一些观察者甚至拿出相机记录下她的方法，因为他们从未见过这种修复古代艺术品的方法。Rawson夫人被邱锦仙不可思议的技艺所折服，立即邀请她加入大英博物馆。)”以及最后一段中“Qiu told the media that she is very proud of her work. She wants more people to understand and appreciate Chinese history and culture through art. (邱告诉媒体，她对自己的工作感到非常自豪。她希望更多的人通过艺术来了解和欣赏中国的历史和文化。)”可知，邱锦仙对工作充满热情且致力于推广中国文化。D选项“Innovative and dedicated.(创新和专注)”符合题意。故选D。 C Sky Kurtz farms in the desert. The co-founder and CEO of Pure Harvest Smart Farms-located outside Abu Dhabi, where temperatures regularly top 113°F-and his team use the challenging environs (周围地区) to trial new crops and technologies that have the potential to change farming in climate-challenged areas. Pure Harvest also provides produce to supermarkets and restaurants in Dubai and across the region using less water, which is important in one of the driest regions of the world. Kurtz founded Pure Harvest Smart Farms in 2017 with his co-founders Mahmoud Adi and Robert Kupstas. The founders’ research and technological innovation led to the development of a proprietary(专营的)Controlled-Environment Agriculture(CEA) system-a combination of high-tech greenhouses and vertical farms that provides a stable year-round climate. The first crop of tomatoes was planted in August 2018 and harvested in October. The company’s original farm is now its Research & Development (R&D) facility, and Pure Harvest has expanded its facilities in the UAE to 16 hectares of growing area. It also operates a 6-hectare farm in Saudi Arabia, and is developing a 6-hectare farm in Kuwait. It now produces 14 types of leafy greens; two varieties of strawberries, with seven more being developed; and almost 30 varieties of tomatoes. With limited availability of local, seasonal produce, the UAE has typically imported much of its food, often by air, which comes at a high cost, both economically and environmentally. And while they are more expensive compared with locally grown seasonal produce, company says its fruit and vegetables are typically up to 60% cheaper than products imported by air of comparable quality. Their vision fits in with a wider goal for Dubai to become more self-sufficient, and they have a desire to use their R&D to help deal with the impacts that climate change is already having on the food industry in the Gulf region and beyond. Kurtz hopes the company’s data-driven technology can become a model for other regions that are experiencing climate difficulty. 8. Why did Kurtz found Pure Harvest Smart Farms? A. To use the challenging region. B. To save water during farming. C. To test new crops and technologies. D. To supply local agricultural products. 9. What is the second paragraph mainly about? A. The expansion of R&D facility. B. The harvest of organic tomatoes. C. The establishment of CEA system. D. The development of Pure Harvest. 10. What can be inferred from the third paragraph? A. Food imports in UAE are by no means costly. B. Pure Harvest never pursues its produce diversity. C. The company’s produce enjoys its own advantages. D. Local seasonal produce in UAE is in sufficient supply 11. What does Kurtz expect of the technology? A. An approach to earning high profits. B. A pattern for areas with climate stress. C. A case of improving scientific research. D. A model for the high-end market in dry areas. 【答案】8. C 9. D 10. C 11. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道，文章主要介绍了Pure Harvest智能农场的联合创始人Sky Kurtz在沙漠地区建农场种植农产品的故事。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“The co-founder and CEO of Pure Harvest Smart Farms-located outside Abu Dhabi, where temperatures regularly top 113°F-and his team use the challenging environs (周围地区) to trial new crops and technologies that have the potential to change farming in climate-challenged areas.(他是Pure Harvest智能农场的联合创始人兼首席执行官，该农场位于阿布扎比郊外，气温经常高达113华氏度。他和他的团队利用具有挑战性的环境试验新的作物和技术，这些作物和技术有可能改变气候变化地区的农业。)”可知库尔茨利用智能农场来测试新的作物和新技术。故选C项。 【9题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“Kurtz founded Pure Harvest Smart Farms in 2017 with his co-founders Mahmoud Adi and Robert Kupstas.(库尔茨于2017年与他的联合创始人马哈茂德·阿迪和罗伯特·库普斯塔斯共同创立了Pure Harvest智能农场。)”以及“The first crop of tomatoes was planted in August 2018 and harvested in October. The company’s original farm is now its Research & Development (R&D) facility, and Pure Harvest has expanded its facilities in the UAE to 16 hectares of growing area. It also operates a 6-hectare farm in Saudi Arabia, and is developing a 6-hectare farm in Kuwait.(第一批西红柿于2018年8月种植，10月收获。该公司最初的农场现在是其研发（R&D）设施，Pure Harvest已将其在阿联酋的设施扩大到16公顷的种植面积。它还在沙特阿拉伯经营着一个6公顷的农场，并正在科威特开发一个6公顷的农场。)”可知Pure Harvest智能农场由2017年的创立到2018年10月第一批西红柿的收获，再到正在科威特开发一个6公顷的农场，农场在不断发展壮大，由此可知文章第二段主要讲的是Pure Harvest智能农场发展的过程，故选D项。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“And while they are more expensive compared with locally grown seasonal produce, company says its fruit and vegetables are typically up to 60% cheaper than products imported by air of comparable quality.(虽然与当地种植的季节性农产品相比，它们的价格更高，但该公司智能农场的产品价格更高，但其水果和蔬菜通常比同等质量的空运进口产品便宜60%，由此可推断该公司的产品也有其自身的优势。故选C项。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Kurtz hopes the company’s data-driven technology can become a model for other regions that are experiencing climate difficulty.(库尔茨希望，该公司的数据驱动技术能够成为其他正在经历气候困难的地区的典范。)”可知库尔茨对这项技术的期望是希望它护成为气候压力大的地区的模式。故选B项。 D A blind fish living in the deep darkness of a Mexican cave system still maintains some ability to sense light. As the cavefish no longer seem to rely on an internal daily cycle and some sleep very little, biologist Inga Steindal and her team were keen to see if their bodies can still regulate cyclically through time. Most animals on Earth have a circadian rhythm — an internal clock influenced by light levels — that helps coordinate behaviors like hunger with our planet’s day and night cycles. The Mexican blind cavefish live in a complex of over 30 isolated caves, within which they have each independently adapted to the dark. Their bodies are extra sensitive to vibrations, allowing them to sense changes in water currents for navigation in compensation for their limited or complete lack of sight. This adaptation occurred despite the fish from each cave evolving from the same species with fully functioning eyes. This ancestral group still lives in the surface waters in the El Albra region of Mexico and parts of the Southwestern US. Steindal’s team took tissue samples from blind cavefish, from three isolated caves, and their surface relatives and tested the cells in different conditions. They detected that even cavefish cells, though less responsive than surface fish cells, activated several molecular (分子的) clock mechanisms (机制) when exposed to light. “Non-visual light detection is maintained at a fundamental cell-based level,” the researchers explained. While there were some similarities between the fish from the different caves compared to their surface relatives, differences in the biological clock mechanisms among fish from different caves further confirm that each group independently evolved its adaptations. “We have provided proof that despite being blind, cells from the Mexican blind cavefish can detect light and make their clocks fit in with a light/dark cycle,” Steindal concluded. The team hopes these findings will provide insights into the circadian rhythm and offer a model for studying animal adaptations to dark environments. 12. What did Steindal and her colleagues want to find out? A. Whether the cavefish need sleep. B. Whether the cavefish can sense light. C. Whether the cavefish have a circadian rhythm D. Whether the cavefish depend on an internal daily cycle. 13. How do Mexican blind cavefish adapt to living in darkness? A. By increasing their sleep cycles. B. By relying on surface fish for navigation. C. By developing extra sensitivity to vibrations. D. By employing their circadian rhythms to find food. 14. Which of the following is NOT a feature of Mexican blind cavefish? A. Extra sensitivity to vibrations in water currents. B. A complete loss of their molecular clock mechanisms. C. Limited or no vision due to their dark environment. D. Adaptations that evolved independently in different caves. 15. What can be the best title for the text? A. Light Detection in Blind Cavefish B. Evolution of Vibrational Sensitivity C. Circadian Rhythms in Surface Fish D. Survival Strategies in Mexican Caves 【答案】12. C 13. C 14. B 15. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了生物学家Steindal团队研究墨西哥盲眼洞穴鱼，发现其虽生活在黑暗中、似乎不依赖体内日常周期，但细胞仍能感知光线并激活分子钟机制，而且不同洞穴的鱼生物钟机制有差异，这些发现有助于了解昼夜节律及动物对黑暗环境的适应。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“As the cavefish no longer seem to rely on an internal daily cycle and some sleep very little, biologist Inga Steindal and her team were keen to see if their bodies can still regulate cyclically through time. (由于洞穴鱼似乎不再依赖于体内的日常周期，有些睡眠很少，生物学家Inga Steindal和她的团队渴望了解它们的身体是否仍能周期性地调节时间)”可知，他们想研究的是盲眼洞穴鱼是否有昼夜节律。故选C项。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Their bodies are extra sensitive to vibrations, allowing them to sense changes in water currents for navigation in compensation for their limited or complete lack of sight. (它们的身体对振动特别敏感，这使它们能够感知水流的变化，以便导航，以补偿它们有限或完全失明的视力)”可知，它们适应黑暗环境的方式是通过增强对振动的敏感性。故选C项。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“hey detected that even cavefish cells, though less responsive than surface fish cells, activated several molecular (分子的) clock mechanisms (机制) when exposed to light. (他们发现，即使是洞穴鱼的细胞，虽然没有表层鱼的细胞反应灵敏，但当暴露在光线下时，也会激活几种分子钟机制)”可知，盲眼洞穴鱼并没有完全失去分子钟机制，而是仍然保留了一些功能，B项与文意不符。根据第二段中“The Mexican blind cavefish live in a complex of over 30 isolated caves, within which they have each independently adapted to the dark. Their bodies are extra sensitive to vibrations, allowing them to sense changes in water currents for navigation in compensation for their limited or complete lack of sight. (墨西哥盲眼洞穴鱼生活在一个由30多个孤立的洞穴组成的综合体中，在这些洞穴中，它们各自适应了黑暗。它们的身体对振动特别敏感，这使它们能够感知水流的变化，以便导航，以补偿它们有限或完全失明的视力)”可知，盲眼洞穴鱼在不同的洞穴中独立进化出适应性，对水流的震动特别敏感，由于黑暗的环境，视力有限或没有视力，A项、C项、D项符合文意。故选B项。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“A blind fish living in the deep darkness of a Mexican cave system still maintains some ability to sense light. (一条生活在墨西哥洞穴系统黑暗深处的盲鱼仍然保持着一些感知光线的能力)”和最后一段中“We have provided proof that despite being blind, cells from the Mexican blind cavefish can detect light and make their clocks fit in with a light/dark cycle (我们已经提供了证据，证明尽管墨西哥盲眼洞穴鱼的细胞是失明的，但它们可以探测到光，并使它们的生物钟与光/暗周期相适应)”可知，文章介绍了生物学家Steindal团队对墨西哥盲眼洞穴鱼的研究，他们发现这种鱼虽生活在黑暗中、似乎不依赖体内日常周期，但其细胞仍能感知光线并激活分子钟机制，而且不同洞穴的鱼生物钟机制有差异，这些发现有助于了解昼夜节律及动物对黑暗环境的适应。因此，A项“盲眼洞穴鱼的光感知”最契合文章主旨，适合作为文章标题。故选A项。 第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Some people have faith in an afternoon nap, whether it’s to catch up on lost sleep or to help them feel more alert for the afternoon ahead. ____16____. Napping is a great way to feel more rested and alert, and some research shows that it can benefit our cognitive (认知的) function. ____17____. If you need to be alert right after waking up, so-called “power naps” of 10-30 minutes are recommended. Longer naps may cause some initial tiredness, though they keep sleepiness at bay longer. ____18____. For example they improve activation of the hippo-campus, an area of the brain important for learning and memory. A one-to-two-hour afternoon nap is shown to benefit both your motor skills and your ability to recall facts and events. A recent study from China even suggested that regular afternoon napping may boost cognitive function in older adults. The researchers asked 2,200 over-70s about their napping habits and tested their memory and language skills. They found that habitual nappers were less likely to have cognitive impairments (损害) than those who didn’t. ____19____. But nap length may play a role here. A similar study showed that those who usually napped for 30-90 minutes had better overall cognition compared to those who napped for longer or shorter, or who didn’t nap at all. ____20____. It’s possible that napping helps the brain clean up sleep-inducing waste products that would otherwise slow down brain activity, and that they refuel the brain’s energy stores. Short naps may also help improve your attention by letting particularly sleepy areas of the brain recover, thereby preventing instability in the brain’s networks. A. This was true regardless of age or level of education B. Many of us may feel we lack time for a nap C. Why short naps are beneficial for alertness and focus are not well understood D. However, you may consider how long you have to sleep before your midday nap E. While short naps boost energy, longer naps aid restoration and learning F. Longer sleep also reduces unimportant connections G. Winston Churchill, Albert Einstein and Leonardo Da Vinci were all famous nappers 【答案】16. G 17. D 18. E 19. A 20. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了午睡的益处，包括其对认知功能的积极影响，以及午睡时长对效果的影响等。 【16题详解】 根据上文“Some people have faith in an afternoon nap, whether it’s to catch up on lost sleep or to help them feel more alert for the afternoon ahead.(有些人对午睡深信不疑，无论是为了补觉，还是为了让自己在下午更有精神)”可知，上文提到有些人相信午睡的好处。选项G“Winston Churchill, Albert Einstein and Leonardo Da Vinci were all famous nappers.(温斯顿・丘吉尔、阿尔伯特・爱因斯坦和列奥纳多・达・芬奇都是著名的午睡爱好者)”列举了温斯顿・丘吉尔、阿尔伯特・爱因斯坦和列奥纳多・达・芬奇这些著名的午睡者，进一步举例说明有很多人认可午睡，符合语境。故选G。 【17题详解】 根据下文“If you need to be alert right after waking up, so-called “power naps” of 10-30 minutes are recommended. Longer naps may cause some initial tiredness, though they keep sleepiness at bay longer.(如果你希望醒来后立刻保持警觉，建议进行10到30分钟的所谓“高效午睡”。时间更长的午睡可能会让人一开始感到困倦，尽管它们能让你在更长时间内不犯困)”可知，此处讨论了不同时长午睡的效果。选项D“However, you may consider how long you have to sleep before your midday nap(不过，在午睡之前，你或许得考虑一下自己能睡多久)”自然引出下文关于午睡时长的话题，符合语境。故选D。 【18题详解】 根据下文“For example, they improve activation of the hippo-campus, an area of the brain important for learning and memory. A one-to-two-hour afternoon nap is shown to benefit both your motor skills and your ability to recall facts and events.(例如，长时间午睡能提高海马体的活跃度，海马体是大脑中对学习和记忆至关重要的区域。研究表明，一到两小时的午睡对运动技能以及回忆事实和事件的能力都有好处)”可知，下文指出长时间午睡对学习和记忆等方面的益处。选项E“While short naps boost energy, longer naps aid restoration and learning.(短时间午睡能提升精力，而长时间午睡则有助于恢复体力和促进学习)”指出短时间午睡提升精力，长时间午睡有助于恢复和学习，总领后文关于长短午睡不同益处的内容。故选E。 【19题详解】 根据上文“The researchers asked 2,200 over-70s about their napping habits and tested their memory and language skills. They found that habitual nappers were less likely to have cognitive impairments (损害) than those who didn’t.(研究人员询问了2200名70岁以上老人的午睡习惯，并测试了他们的记忆力和语言能力。他们发现，有午睡习惯的人比没有午睡习惯的人更不容易出现认知障碍)”可知，上文提出了有午睡习惯的人比没有午睡习惯的人更不容易出现认知障碍。选项A“This was true regardless of age or level of education(无论年龄或教育程度如何，都是如此)”进一步说明这种情况与年龄和教育程度无关，对前文研究结果进行补充。故选A。 【20题详解】 根据下文“It’s possible that napping helps the brain clean up sleep-inducing waste products that would otherwise slow down brain activity, and that they refuel the brain’s energy stores. Short naps may also help improve your attention by letting particularly sleepy areas of the brain recover, thereby preventing instability in the brain’s networks.(有可能是午睡帮助大脑清除了诱导睡眠的代谢产物，否则这些产物会减缓大脑活动，同时午睡还能为大脑补充能量储备。短时间午睡还可能通过让大脑中特别困倦的区域得到恢复，从而防止大脑网络出现不稳定，进而有助于提高注意力)”可知，下文解释了午睡对大脑有益的原因。选项C“Why short naps are beneficial for alertness and focus are not well understood(目前人们对为何短时间午睡有助于提高警觉性和注意力，尚未完全理解)”提出为什么短时间午睡对警觉性和注意力有益还不太清楚，引出后文对原因的解释。故选C。 第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A British adventurer has become the first person to walk the entire length of China’s Yangtze River. Ash Dykes started his ____21____ from the Tibetan Plateau last August and finished it ____22____ in Shanghai after nearly a full year on foot. Walking the entire length of China’s Yangtze River, British Adventurer Ash Dykes arrived at his final ____23____ in Shanghai. The 4,000-mile, or 6,400-kilometer journey took 350 days, all on foot. Each step was one of the resilience, as Dykes ____24____ the elements and pushed through the extremes of nature. “We faced dangers. A group of wolves ____25____ us for a couple of days. Some locals even warned us that bears frequently ____26____ from the mountains in search of food.” Dykes recalled. Wild animals and extreme weather only ____27____ the daily journey of about 50 kilometers, which brought physical and mental ____28____. But Dykes says the expedition was not made just for the personal ____29____. Through the course of his journey, Ash Dykes ____30____ to raise awareness about China’s biodiversity and environmental protection. He has shared his ____31____ experiences on social media platforms both at home and broad. “One ____32____ of this journey is sharing of the beauty, and when I ____33____ photos and videos, a lot of people from Western countries have been ____34____, asking ‘Is this real China’?” Dykes added. Dykes is always on the road. He ____35____ others to believe in themselves and in what they’re doing, saying if he can do what he does, you can, too. 21. A. expedition B. experiment C. decision D. business 22. A. luckily B. naturally C. incredibly D. instantly 23. A. conclusion B. destination C. agreement D. station 24. A. braved B. withdrew C. estimated D. ignored 25. A. respected B. followed C. protected D. joined 26. A. emerged B. fled C. leapt D. hung 27. A. simplified B. changed C. delayed D. complicated 28. A. recovery B. comfort C. challenges D. exercises 29. A. advantage B. feeling C. hobby D. achievement 30. A. refused B. aimed C. failed D. happened 31. A. energy-saving B. less-known C. record-breaking D. money-consuming 32. A. regret B. highlight C. blessing D. difficulty 33. A. posted B. delivered C. edited D. laid 34. A. threatened B. embarrassed C. astonished D. satisfied 35. A. promises B. inspires C. forces D. allows 【答案】21. A 22. C 23. B 24. A 25. B 26. A 27. D 28. C 29. D 30. B 31. C 32. B 33. A 34. C 35. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了英国探险家阿什·戴克斯成为了第一个徒步走完中国长江全程的人，旨在提高人们对中国生物多样性和环境保护的认识，并鼓励他人相信自己和自己所做的事情。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：阿什·戴克斯去年8月从青藏高原开始了他的探险。A. expedition探险；B. experiment实验；C. decision决定；D. business生意。根据下文的“Walking the entire length of China’s Yangtze River (走过了整个中国长江)”可知，阿什·戴克斯进行的是一次长途徒步“探险”。故选A。 【22题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：经过近一年的徒步，最终令人难以置信地在上海完成了这一壮举。A. luckily幸运地；B. naturally自然地；C. incredibly难以置信地；D. instantly立即。根据上文的“after nearly a full year on foot (在步行了将近一年之后)”及后文“The 4,000-mile, or 6,400-kilometer journey took 350 days, all on foot.(4000英里或6400公里的旅程花了350天，全部都是步行。)”可知，阿什·戴克斯经过近一年的徒步后，最终“令人难以置信地”在上海完成了这一壮举。故选C。 23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：英国探险家阿什·戴克斯抵达了他的最终目的地上海。A. conclusion结论；B. destination目的地；C. agreement协议；D. station车站。根据上文的“arrived at his final (到达了他的最终)”以及下文的“in Shanghai (在上海)”可知，他到达了最终的“目的地”上海。故选B。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：每一步都展现了他的坚韧不拔，因为戴克斯勇敢面对了自然元素，穿越了极端的自然环境。A. braved勇敢面对；B. withdrew撤回；C. estimated估计；D. ignored忽视。根据下文的“pushed through the extremes of nature (穿越了大自然的极限)”可知，戴克斯“勇敢地面对”了自然元素的考验。故选A。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们面临过危险。一群狼跟踪了我们好几天。A. respected尊重；B. followed跟随；C. protected保护；D. joined加入。根据上文的“We faced dangers (我们面临危险)”以及空所在句“A group of wolves…us for a couple of days. (一群狼……我们了几天。)”可知，在探险的路上，危险一直伴随着戴克斯，此处表示一群狼“跟踪”了他们几天。故选B。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一些当地人甚至警告我们，熊经常从山上出现寻找食物。A. emerged出现；B. fled逃离；C. leapt跳跃；D. hung悬挂。根据空所句“bears frequently…from the mountains in search of food. (熊经常……从山上寻找食物。)”可知，当地人警告他们熊经常从山里“出现”寻找食物。故选A。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：野生动物和极端天气只是使每天约50公里的行程变得更加复杂。A. simplified简化；B. changed改变；C. delayed延迟；D. complicated使复杂化。根据上文的“Wild animals and extreme weather (野生动物和极端天气)”以及下文的“the daily journey of about 50 kilometers (每日行程约50公里)”可知，野生动物和极端天气使每天的50公里旅程变得“复杂”。故选D。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这给他带来了身心上的挑战。A. recovery恢复；B. comfort安慰；C. challenges挑战；D. exercises锻炼。根据空所在句“which brought physical and mental…”及前文提到的在整个路程上遇到的种种困难可知，这样的旅程带来了身心上的“挑战”。故选C。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这次探险并不仅仅是为了个人的成就。A. advantage优势；B. feeling感觉；C. hobby爱好；D. achievement成就。根据下文的“Through the course of his journey, Ash Dykes…to raise awareness about China’s biodiversity and environmental protection. (通过他的旅程，阿什·戴克斯旨在提高人们对中国生物多样性和环境保护的认识。)”可知，戴克斯说这次探险不仅仅是为了个人的“成就”，而是为了提高人们对中国生物多样性和环境保护的认识。故选D。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在旅途中，阿什·戴克斯旨在提高人们对中国生物多样性和环境保护的认识。A. refused拒绝；B. aimed旨在；C. failed失败；D. happened发生。根据空所在句“Through the course of his journey, Ash Dykes…to raise awareness about China’s biodiversity and environmental protection. (通过他的旅程，阿什·戴克斯旨在提高人们对中国生物多样性和环境保护的认识。)”可知，戴克斯“旨在”提高人们对这些问题的认识，其中“aim to do”是固定搭配，意为“旨在做某事”。故选B。 【31题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他在国内外的社交媒体平台上分享了他破纪录的经历。 A. energy-saving节能的；B. less-known不太知名的；C. record-breaking破纪录的；D. money-consuming耗资的。根据空所在句“He has shared his…experiences on social media platforms both at home and broad. (他在国内和国外的社交媒体平台上分享了他的……经历。)”可知，戴克斯在社交媒体上分享了他“破纪录的”经历，即第一个徒步走完中国长江全程的人。故选C。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这次旅程的一个亮点就是分享美景。A. regret遗憾；B. highlight亮点；C. blessing祝福；D. difficulty困难。根据下文的“sharing of the beauty (分享美景)”可知，分享美景是这次旅程的一个“亮点”。故选B。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我发布照片和视频时，很多西方国家的人都感到惊讶。A. posted发布；B. delivered递送；C. edited编辑；D. laid放置。根据空所在句“and when I…photos and videos, a lot of people from Western countries have been… (当我……的照片和视频，很多来自西方国家的人……)”可知，戴克斯将照片和视频“发布”后，受到关注。故选A。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我发布照片和视频时，很多西方国家的人都感到惊讶。A. threatened威胁；B. embarrassed尴尬；C. astonished惊讶；D. satisfied满意。根据下文的“asking ‘Is this real China’? (问：这是真实的中国吗？)”可知，很多人对戴克斯分享的照片和视频感到“惊讶”。故选C。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他激励他人相信自己和自己所做的事情，并说如果他能做到，你也能。A. promises承诺；B. inspires激励；C. forces强迫；D. allows允许。根据下文的“others to believe in themselves and in what they’re doing (让别人相信自己，相信自己正在做的事情)”可知，这里是戴克斯“激励”他人相信自己和自己所做的事情。故选B。 第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Nestled in the heart of downtown Chongqing, a city ____36____ (famous) known as the “8D City” for its mountainous landscape and unique urban design, Luohan Temple stands as a hidden cultural and architectural treasure amid a forest of ____37____ (tower) skyscrapers. Originally ____38____ (construct) between 1064 and 1067 during the Song Dynasty, Luohan Temple ____39____ (house) over 500 skillfully crafted clay Luohan statues. Each statue tells a story or represents a significant figure in Chinese Buddhist culture. Over the centuries, the temple ____40____ (undergo) multiple reconstructions, blending architectural styles from various ____41____ (dynasty). Its halls and structures show fine ancient craftsmanship in both stone and wood. Amid the hustle and bustle of modern Chongqing, Luohan Temple offer ____42____ peaceful escape for visitors. Here, one can meditate on inner peace, seek blessings for a brighter future and appreciate the beauty of traditional Chinese architecture. The temple’s cafe also invites guests ____43____ (enjoy) a cup of coffee while taking ____44____ broad views of Chongqing’s vibrant cityscape-a harmonious blend of history and modernity. For those seeking a connection between the past and present, Luohan Temple provides not just a spiritual journey but also an architectural wonder _____45_____ stands the test of time. 【答案】36. famously 37. towering 38. constructed 39. houses 40. has undergone 41. dynasties 42. a 43. to enjoy 44. in 45. that##which 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了坐落于重庆市中心的罗汉寺的情况。 【36题详解】 考查副词。句意：坐落在以其山地景观和独特的城市设计而闻名于“8D城市”的重庆市的中心地带，罗汉寺是一座隐藏在摩天大楼森林中的文化和建筑宝藏。由句意及空后的形容词known可知应填副词形式famously，作状语，修饰known，故填famously。 【37题详解】 考查形容词。考查句意：坐落在以其山地景观和独特的城市设计而闻名于“8D城市”的重庆市的中心地带，罗汉寺是一座隐藏在摩天大楼森林中的文化和建筑宝藏。由句意及空后的名词buildings可知应填形容词形式towering(高耸的)，作定语，修饰buildings，故填towering。 【38题详解】 考查过去分词。句意：罗汉寺始建于宋朝1064年至1067年，内有500多尊工艺精湛的罗汉泥像。空处应填非谓语动词，主语Luohan Temple与construct之间为被动关系，应用过去分词表示被动，作状语，故填constructed。 【39题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：罗汉寺始建于宋朝1064年至1067年，内有500多尊工艺精湛的罗汉泥像。空处为句子的谓语动词，此处表示客观陈述，主语为Luohan Temple，应用一般现在时，house此处为动词，意为“是（某物）的贮藏处（或安置处）；收藏；安置”，故填houses。 【40题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：几个世纪以来，这座寺庙经历了多次重建，融合了各个朝代的建筑风格。空处应填谓语动词，由时间状语Over the centuries可知应用现在完成时，主语为the temple，故填has undergone。 41题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：几个世纪以来，这座寺庙经历了多次重建，融合了各个朝代的建筑风格。由句意及空后的from various可知应填名词复数形式dynasties，作介词from的宾语，故填dynasties。 【42题详解】 考查冠词。句意：在熙熙攘攘的现代重庆，罗汉寺为游客提供了一个宁静的去处。此处泛指一个去处，应用不定冠词，且peaceful发音是以辅音音素开头，故填a。 【43题详解】 考查不定式。句意：寺庙的咖啡馆还邀请客人一边喝咖啡，一边欣赏重庆充满活力的城市景观——历史与现代的和谐融合。invite sb to do sth.“邀请某人做某事”，不定式作宾语补足语，故填to enjoy。 【44题详解】 考查介词。句意：寺庙的咖啡馆还邀请客人一边喝咖啡，一边欣赏重庆充满活力的城市景观——历史与现代的和谐融合。take in意为“吸收；领会；欣赏”，故填in。 【45题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：对于那些寻求过去和现在之间联系的人来说，罗汉寺不仅是一次精神之旅，也是一个经得起时间考验的建筑奇迹。此处为限制性定语从句，先行词为an architectural wonder，从句缺少主语，应用关系代词that/which，故填that/which。 第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分40分) 第一节 (满分15分) 46. 每个人心中都有一件属于自己的幸运物，无论是一支笔，一本书，还是一个不起眼的小物件。它们在我们迷茫时，带来一丝勇气；在我们脆弱时，给予一缕安慰。你是否有这样一个物件? 请以My Lucky Charm为题，写一篇短文向校英文报投稿，内容包括： (1) 简要介绍你的幸运物；(2) 说明理由。 注意：(1) 写作词数应为80个左右；(2) 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 My Lucky Charm ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】My Lucky Charm Everyone has a lucky charm that carries a world of meaning. For me, it’s a small, worn-out bracelet my grandmother gave me as a birthday gift. The bracelet is simple, woven from colorful threads, but it carries grandmother’s warmth and wisdom. Whenever life feels overwhelming or uncertainty clouds my path, I hold it tightly in my hand, and it reminds me of her encouraging words: “Stay strong and never give up.” This little charm gives me courage in moments of doubt and comfort when I feel down. It’s not just a bracelet — it’s a reminder of my family’s love and a source of strength in life. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以“My Lucky Charm”为题，简要介绍自己的幸运物并说明其成为幸运物的理由，向校英文报投稿。 【详解】1.词汇积累 笼罩：cloud → envelop 握住：hold → grasp/grip 给予：give → grant/bestow 安慰：comfort → solace/consolation 2.句式拓展 并列句变复合句 原句：The bracelet is simple, woven from colorful threads, but it carries grandmother’s warmth and wisdom. 拓展句：The bracelet, which is woven from colorful threads, is simple but carries grandmother’s warmth and wisdom. 【点睛】[高分句型1] For me, it’s a small, worn-out bracelet my grandmother gave me as a birthday gift. (运用了省略关系代词的限制性定语从句修饰) [高分句型2] Whenever life feels overwhelming or uncertainty clouds my path, I hold it tightly in my hand, and it reminds me of her encouraging words: “Stay strong and never give up.” (运用了从属连词whenever引导的时间状语从句) 第二节 (满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 My senior year of high school was a whirlwind (旋流) of chaos. If I wasn’t buried in textbooks or stressing over my grades, I was juggling (应付) multiple extracurricular activities and piecing together my college plans. Life felt like a crazy cloud of confusion, and I was stumbling (跌跌撞撞) around blindly, hoping to find some direction. To ease some stress, as senior year approached. I got a part-time job at a local coffee shop. I had figured the job would be easy-pouring the best coffees, making delicious doughnuts and becoming close friends with the regular customers. But reality was quite different. Customers with enormous orders crowded the drive-thru window (免下车窗口): the women felt that the coffee was much too creamy; the men wanted their iced coffees remade again and again. There were moments when I was doubting myself, simply because I couldn’t seem to please anyone. Nevertheless, I kept at it. One miserable rainy day, one of my regulars came in, looking depressed and defeated. When I asked if I could help, he just said he felt like crawling into bed and staying there for a few years. I knew exactly how he felt. Before he left, I slipped his favourite doughnut into a bag and handed it to him along with his coffee. “It’s on me! Have a nice day!” I said with a smile He seemed surprised but thanked me warmly before heading back out into the rain. The next day was miserable as well, rain spilling from the sky. The drive-thru was busier than ever. I spent hours passing orders through the window, drenched (湿透) from the rain while customers stayed cozy in their temperature-controlled cars. No one seemed to notice how hard I was working. On top of that, the tip jar stayed nearly empty! By late afternoon. I grew more depressed. 注意： (1) 续写词数应为150左右； (2) 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Then, around seven o clock that evening, the customer from the day before drove up to the window. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ After seeing his Jeep exit the parking lot, I ran to the back of the shop and opened the note. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Then, around seven o clock that evening, the customer from the day before drove up to the window. His usual friendly smile returned as he handed me a little note along with his payment for the coffee. “This is for you,” he said, nodding toward the note. Then he placed a bill in the tip jar, which instantly brightened my mood. “Thank you for yesterday.” he added. “That small act of kindness meant more than you know.” I tried to thank him, but he just waved and smiled as the rain continued to pour. After seeing his Jeep exit the parking lot, I ran to the back of the shop and opened the note. It was short but heartfelt: “Sometimes a small gesture can turn someone’s entire day around Yesterday, you did that for me. I just wanted you to know it mattered. Keep being yourself.” Tears welled up in my eyes as I reread the words. In that moment, the exhaustion and frustration of the day melted away, replaced by a sense of purpose. I realized that even in the chaos, the little things I did could make a big difference in someone else’s life. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了即将高中毕业的作者在忙碌的学习间隙找了一份咖啡店的兼职，原本这份工作会很轻松，不想却是非常紧张，而且顾客似乎并不体会作者的忙乱和无助，但无论如何作者都在坚持着。在一个糟糕的雨天，作者的一个常客来到了店里，他一脸的无助和沮丧，作者用自己的热情鼓励他，并送给他最喜欢的甜甜圈及咖啡，显然作者这一举动打动了顾客。第二天该顾客来向作者表示感谢，不仅给了咖啡的费用和小费而且还有一张温情的纸条，这一切都让作者意识到自己的一个小小的举动会对别人产生巨大的影响。 【详解】1. 段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“然后，那天晚上7点钟左右，前一天的顾客开车到窗口。”可知，第一段可描写顾客到咖啡店后交给作者一张小纸条以及一些小费以及对于作者的感谢和称赞。 ②由第二段首句内容“看到他的吉普车从停车场出来后，我跑到商店的后面，打开了纸条。”可知，第二段可描写作者打开纸条后看到的内容以及作者的感受。 2. 续写线索：顾客递给纸条和咖啡钱——给小费——表示感谢——顾客离去——打开纸条——阅读纸条——感悟 3. 词汇激活： 行为类： ①传递：hand/pass/deliver ②放置：place/put ③消散：melt away/dissipate/disappear ④意识到：realize/become aware of 情绪类： ①感谢：thank sb/convey one’s gratitude to sb ②衷心的，诚挚的：heartfelt/sincere 【点睛】【高分句型1】“This is for you,” he said, nodding toward the note. (运用了现在分词作状语) 【高分句型2】Then he placed a bill in the tip jar, which instantly brightened my mood. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句) 听力 1-5 AACCB 6-10ABCBC 11-15ACAAB 16-20 CBACB 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 渭南市2025届高三教学质量检测 (Ⅰ) 英语试题 注意事项： 1. 本试卷由选择题和非选择题两大部分组成，共12页。选择题包括第一、第二和第三部分第一节;非选择题为第三部分第二节和第四部分。全卷满分150分。考试用时120分钟。 2. 考生领到试卷后，须按规定在试卷上填写姓名、准考证号，并在答题卡上填涂对应的信息点。 3. 所有答案必须在答题卡指定区域内作答。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节 (共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. £19.15 B. £f9.18 C. £9.15 答案是C. 1. How does the woman probably feel? A. Sorry. B. Tired. C. Comfortable. 2. Who does the girl usually play with probably? A. Lucy. B. Jane. C. Susan. 3. Where does the conversation take place? A. At the woman’s home. B. In an office. C. In a classroom. 4. What time is it now? A. 7:00 p. m. B. 7:30 p. m. C. 8:00 p. m. 5. What does the woman think can be done to help the environment? A. Buying fewer products. B. Creating more eco-friendly materials. C. Spending more money on scientific studies. 第二节 (共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。 6. What does the man say about his parents? A. They wear glasses. B. They are scientists. C. They limit his screen time. 7. What is the main topic of the conversation? A. Eating habits. B. Eyesight. C. Family. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. Why does the man call the woman? A. To complain about a lost package. B. To check on a broken package. C. To ask about a late package. 9. When was the package sent yesterday? A. At 8:00 a. m. B. At 10:00 a. m. C. At 5:00 p. m. 10. What will the woman do later? A. Check the tracking number. B. Deliver the package in person. C. Call the man back. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Teacher and student. B. Boss and employee. C. Classmates. 12. What problem does Henry have? A. He did worse than Harry in the test. B. He received the wrong test paper. C. He was given the wrong mark. 13. What does the woman offer to do? A. Call Henry’s mother to praise him. B. Give Henry a higher mark. C. Apologize in the class. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. What did the man want to be when he was a child? A. A story writer. B. A shop owner. C. A wedding planner. 15. What is the man’s mother interested in doing now? A. Planting flowers. B. Traveling around. C. Teaching people. 16. Which does the woman think is the most important for her job? A. Being patient. B. Providing care. C. Communicating well. 17. What does the man think of the woman’s job? A. It’s creative. B. It’s meaningful. C. It’s inspiring. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. What might cooks in the UK have to change soon? A. The way that they cook seafood. B. The place where they buy seafood. C. The range where they select seafood. 19. How did researchers at a public research university reach their conclusion? A. By making a lot of studies. B. By observing hundreds of animals. C. By looking at 300 different pieces of research. 20. What did Dr. Jonathan Birch say people should be trained to do to sea creatures? A. Prepare them more quickly. B. Kill them less painfully. C. Make them live freely. 第二部分 阅读理解 (共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Duke Kunshan University is a non-profit Sino-Foreign Cooperative University approved by the Chinese Ministry of Education and founded by Duke University and Wuhan University. We are committed to supporting talented international students who have a demonstrated desire to make a positive impact in the world around them. How to apply Applications for Duke Kunshan University are submitted using the Common App website. Application deadlines (2025 entry term) Early decision application deadline: November 4, 2024 (11:59 pm ET) Regular decision application deadline: January 2, 2025 (11:59 pm ET) Common application checklist · Counselor recommendation · High school transcripts · Teacher evaluations · SAT or ACT test score The application includes the Common App essay and 2 DKU-specific essays: 1. “Why do you think Duke Kunshan University is a good match for you? And what special qualities do you feel you could bring to Duke Kunshan University?” (Required) 2. “Is there anything else you would like the Admission Committee to know about you?” (Optional) Annual costs for international students 2024 2025 academic year Tuition & Fees: $66,326 Insurance: $1.413 Room: $2,119 Board: $2,968 Books & Supplies: S2, 596 Total Estimated Cost: $75.422 (exclusive of transportation costs) All fees and rates provided are estimates and are subject to change Scholarship & financial aid When you apply to DKU, you will have the opportunity to access both NEED-BASED FINANCIAL AID and MERIT-BASED SCHOLARSHIP awards that typically cover up to, and including, full tuition. General Contact-China Office Phone: +86 5123665 7675 Work Hours: Monday-Friday 9:00 AM-5:30 PM General Contact-U. S. Office Phone: +1919613 5416 Office Hours: Monday-Friday 9:00 AM-5:30 PM 1. What can we know about Duke Kunshan University? A. It is a profitable university in China. B. It is a Chinese-foreign joint university. C. It was founded by a Chinese university. D. It aimed to educate talented students for free. 2. Which of the following items must be submitted with the application? A English level certificate. B. High school diploma. C. High school academic report. D. Volunteer experience. 3. Where is this text probably taken from? A A research paper. B. A training schedule. C. A university website. D. An academic magazine. B The British Museum’s rich collection of ancient Chinese paintings has attracted many visitors. At the heart of this preservation and revival of Chinese art history is senior conservator (文物修复员) Qiu Jinxian. Joanna Kosek, head of Pictorial Art Conservation at the British Museum, told the Times Publications that Qiu is considered one of the museum’s most priceless treasures. “We let the treasure treat the treasure,” Kosek said. In 1987, Qiu was introduced to Mrs. Jessica Rawson, director of the British Museum. At the time the museum lacked conservators specializing in ancient Chinese art. The Chinese ancient paintings and cultural relics in the museum were largely repaired by Japanese and British methods, which were unsuitable for Chinese artworks. As a result, many pieces remained in storage, hidden from public view. Just before Christmas in 1987, Qiu had her first appointment at the British Museum. She was asked to repair a fire-damaged scroll by Fu Baoshi. Qiu’s methods, which included washing with warm water to separate the glue in order to repair the paper, stunned people on the spot. Some observers even got out the camera to record her methods as they’d never seen this way of restoring ancient art. Mrs. Rawson, amazed by Qiu Jinxian’s incredible skills, immediately invited Qiu to join the British Museum. Chinese ancient paintings are notoriously difficult to repair because of their large size, complex materials, diverse colors, and rich composition. The most important thing is to understand the long history, meaning and culture behind the painting. Repair is an extremely time and energy intensive process. Each painting normally takes several months from cleaning to restoration and drying. Since 1987, Qiu has repaired more than 400 artworks. Qiu told the media that she is very proud of her work. She wants more people to understand and appreciate Chinese history and culture through art. Although the artworks originated from China, they now belong to the people of the world. 4. Why is Qiu regarded as a treasure at the British Museum? A. She restored the Chinese scroll successfully. B. She is the only Chinese conservator there. C. She understands Chinese history comprehensively. D. She possesses special skills in repairing the treasures. 5. What does the underlined word “stunned” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Touched. B. Inspired. C. Shocked. D. Impacted. 6. What matters most for repairing Chinese artworks? A. Strong determination. B. Incredible painting skills. C. A deep understanding of the objects. D. A sound knowledge of Chinese history. 7. Which of the following best describes Qiu? A. Modest and patient. B. Creative and talented. C. Resourceful and humble. D. Innovative and dedicated. C Sky Kurtz farms in the desert. The co-founder and CEO of Pure Harvest Smart Farms-located outside Abu Dhabi, where temperatures regularly top 113°F-and his team use the challenging environs (周围地区) to trial new crops and technologies that have the potential to change farming in climate-challenged areas. Pure Harvest also provides produce to supermarkets and restaurants in Dubai and across the region using less water, which is important in one of the driest regions of the world. Kurtz founded Pure Harvest Smart Farms in 2017 with his co-founders Mahmoud Adi and Robert Kupstas. The founders’ research and technological innovation led to the development of a proprietary(专营的)Controlled-Environment Agriculture(CEA) system-a combination of high-tech greenhouses and vertical farms that provides a stable year-round climate. The first crop of tomatoes was planted in August 2018 and harvested in October. The company’s original farm is now its Research & Development (R&D) facility, and Pure Harvest has expanded its facilities in the UAE to 16 hectares of growing area. It also operates a 6-hectare farm in Saudi Arabia, and is developing a 6-hectare farm in Kuwait. It now produces 14 types of leafy greens; two varieties of strawberries, with seven more being developed; and almost 30 varieties of tomatoes. With limited availability of local, seasonal produce, the UAE has typically imported much of its food, often by air, which comes at a high cost, both economically and environmentally. And while they are more expensive compared with locally grown seasonal produce, company says its fruit and vegetables are typically up to 60% cheaper than products imported by air of comparable quality. Their vision fits in with a wider goal for Dubai to become more self-sufficient, and they have a desire to use their R&D to help deal with the impacts that climate change is already having on the food industry in the Gulf region and beyond. Kurtz hopes the company’s data-driven technology can become a model for other regions that are experiencing climate difficulty. 8. Why did Kurtz found Pure Harvest Smart Farms? A. To use the challenging region. B. To save water during farming. C. To test new crops and technologies. D. To supply local agricultural products. 9. What is the second paragraph mainly about? A. The expansion of R&D facility. B. The harvest of organic tomatoes. C. The establishment of CEA system. D. The development of Pure Harvest. 10. What can be inferred from the third paragraph? A. Food imports in UAE are by no means costly. B. Pure Harvest never pursues its produce diversity. C. The company’s produce enjoys its own advantages. D. Local seasonal produce in UAE is in sufficient supply 11. What does Kurtz expect of the technology? A An approach to earning high profits. B. A pattern for areas with climate stress. C. A case of improving scientific research. D. A model for the high-end market in dry areas. D A blind fish living in the deep darkness of a Mexican cave system still maintains some ability to sense light. As the cavefish no longer seem to rely on an internal daily cycle and some sleep very little, biologist Inga Steindal and her team were keen to see if their bodies can still regulate cyclically through time. Most animals on Earth have a circadian rhythm — an internal clock influenced by light levels — that helps coordinate behaviors like hunger with our planet’s day and night cycles. The Mexican blind cavefish live in a complex of over 30 isolated caves, within which they have each independently adapted to the dark. Their bodies are extra sensitive to vibrations, allowing them to sense changes in water currents for navigation in compensation for their limited or complete lack of sight. This adaptation occurred despite the fish from each cave evolving from the same species with fully functioning eyes. This ancestral group still lives in the surface waters in the El Albra region of Mexico and parts of the Southwestern US. Steindal’s team took tissue samples from blind cavefish, from three isolated caves, and their surface relatives and tested the cells in different conditions. They detected that even cavefish cells, though less responsive than surface fish cells, activated several molecular (分子的) clock mechanisms (机制) when exposed to light. “Non-visual light detection is maintained at a fundamental cell-based level,” the researchers explained. While there were some similarities between the fish from the different caves compared to their surface relatives, differences in the biological clock mechanisms among fish from different caves further confirm that each group independently evolved its adaptations. “We have provided proof that despite being blind, cells from the Mexican blind cavefish can detect light and make their clocks fit in with a light/dark cycle,” Steindal concluded. The team hopes these findings will provide insights into the circadian rhythm and offer a model for studying animal adaptations to dark environments. 12. What did Steindal and her colleagues want to find out? A. Whether the cavefish need sleep. B. Whether the cavefish can sense light. C. Whether the cavefish have a circadian rhythm D. Whether the cavefish depend on an internal daily cycle. 13. How do Mexican blind cavefish adapt to living in darkness? A. By increasing their sleep cycles. B. By relying on surface fish for navigation. C. By developing extra sensitivity to vibrations. D. By employing their circadian rhythms to find food. 14. Which of the following is NOT a feature of Mexican blind cavefish? A. Extra sensitivity to vibrations in water currents. B. A complete loss of their molecular clock mechanisms. C. Limited or no vision due to their dark environment. D. Adaptations that evolved independently in different caves. 15. What can be the best title for the text? A. Light Detection in Blind Cavefish B. Evolution of Vibrational Sensitivity C. Circadian Rhythms in Surface Fish D. Survival Strategies in Mexican Caves 第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Some people have faith in an afternoon nap, whether it’s to catch up on lost sleep or to help them feel more alert for the afternoon ahead. ____16____. Napping is a great way to feel more rested and alert, and some research shows that it can benefit our cognitive (认知的) function. ____17____. If you need to be alert right after waking up, so-called “power naps” of 10-30 minutes are recommended. Longer naps may cause some initial tiredness, though they keep sleepiness at bay longer. ____18____. For example, they improve activation of the hippo-campus, an area of the brain important for learning and memory. A one-to-two-hour afternoon nap is shown to benefit both your motor skills and your ability to recall facts and events. A recent study from China even suggested that regular afternoon napping may boost cognitive function in older adults. The researchers asked 2,200 over-70s about their napping habits and tested their memory and language skills. They found that habitual nappers were less likely to have cognitive impairments (损害) than those who didn’t. ____19____. But nap length may play a role here. A similar study showed that those who usually napped for 30-90 minutes had better overall cognition compared to those who napped for longer or shorter, or who didn’t nap at all. ____20____. It’s possible that napping helps the brain clean up sleep-inducing waste products that would otherwise slow down brain activity, and that they refuel the brain’s energy stores. Short naps may also help improve your attention by letting particularly sleepy areas of the brain recover, thereby preventing instability in the brain’s networks. A. This was true regardless of age or level of education B. Many of us may feel we lack time for a nap C. Why short naps are beneficial for alertness and focus are not well understood D. However, you may consider how long you have to sleep before your midday nap E. While short naps boost energy, longer naps aid restoration and learning F. Longer sleep also reduces unimportant connections G. Winston Churchill, Albert Einstein and Leonardo Da Vinci were all famous nappers 第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A British adventurer has become the first person to walk the entire length of China’s Yangtze River. Ash Dykes started his ____21____ from the Tibetan Plateau last August and finished it ____22____ in Shanghai after nearly a full year on foot. Walking the entire length of China’s Yangtze River, British Adventurer Ash Dykes arrived at his final ____23____ in Shanghai. The 4,000-mile, or 6,400-kilometer journey took 350 days, all on foot. Each step was one of the resilience, as Dykes ____24____ the elements and pushed through the extremes of nature. “We faced dangers. A group of wolves ____25____ us for a couple of days. Some locals even warned us that bears frequently ____26____ from the mountains in search of food.” Dykes recalled. Wild animals and extreme weather only ____27____ the daily journey of about 50 kilometers, which brought physical and mental ____28____. But Dykes says the expedition was not made just for the personal ____29____. Through the course of his journey, Ash Dykes ____30____ to raise awareness about China’s biodiversity and environmental protection. He has shared his ____31____ experiences on social media platforms both at home and broad. “One ____32____ of this journey is sharing of the beauty, and when I ____33____ photos and videos, a lot of people from Western countries have been ____34____, asking ‘Is this real China’?” Dykes added. Dykes is always on the road. He ____35____ others to believe in themselves and in what they’re doing, saying if he can do what he does, you can, too. 21. A. expedition B. experiment C. decision D. business 22. A. luckily B. naturally C. incredibly D. instantly 23. A. conclusion B. destination C. agreement D. station 24. A. braved B. withdrew C. estimated D. ignored 25. A. respected B. followed C. protected D. joined 26. A. emerged B. fled C. leapt D. hung 27. A. simplified B. changed C. delayed D. complicated 28. A. recovery B. comfort C. challenges D. exercises 29. A. advantage B. feeling C. hobby D. achievement 30. A. refused B. aimed C. failed D. happened 31. A. energy-saving B. less-known C. record-breaking D. money-consuming 32. A. regret B. highlight C. blessing D. difficulty 33. A. posted B. delivered C. edited D. laid 34. A. threatened B. embarrassed C. astonished D. satisfied 35. A. promises B. inspires C. forces D. allows 第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Nestled in the heart of downtown Chongqing, a city ____36____ (famous) known as the “8D City” for its mountainous landscape and unique urban design, Luohan Temple stands as a hidden cultural and architectural treasure amid a forest of ____37____ (tower) skyscrapers. Originally ____38____ (construct) between 1064 and 1067 during the Song Dynasty, Luohan Temple ____39____ (house) over 500 skillfully crafted clay Luohan statues. Each statue tells a story or represents a significant figure in Chinese Buddhist culture. Over the centuries, the temple ____40____ (undergo) multiple reconstructions, blending architectural styles from various ____41____ (dynasty). Its halls and structures show fine ancient craftsmanship in both stone and wood. Amid the hustle and bustle of modern Chongqing, Luohan Temple offer ____42____ peaceful escape for visitors. Here, one can meditate on inner peace, seek blessings for a brighter future and appreciate the beauty of traditional Chinese architecture. The temple’s cafe also invites guests ____43____ (enjoy) a cup of coffee while taking ____44____ broad views of Chongqing’s vibrant cityscape-a harmonious blend of history and modernity. For those seeking a connection between the past and present Luohan Temple provides not just a spiritual journey but also an architectural wonder _____45_____ stands the test of time. 第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分40分) 第一节 (满分15分) 46. 每个人心中都有一件属于自己的幸运物，无论是一支笔，一本书，还是一个不起眼的小物件。它们在我们迷茫时，带来一丝勇气；在我们脆弱时，给予一缕安慰。你是否有这样一个物件? 请以My Lucky Charm为题，写一篇短文向校英文报投稿，内容包括： (1) 简要介绍你的幸运物；(2) 说明理由。 注意：(1) 写作词数应为80个左右；(2) 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 My Lucky Charm ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节 (满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 My senior year of high school was a whirlwind (旋流) of chaos. If I wasn’t buried in textbooks or stressing over my grades, I was juggling (应付) multiple extracurricular activities and piecing together my college plans. Life felt like a crazy cloud of confusion, and I was stumbling (跌跌撞撞) around blindly, hoping to find some direction. To ease some stress as senior year approached. I got a part-time job at a local coffee shop. I had figured the job would be easy-pouring the best coffees, making delicious doughnuts and becoming close friends with the regular customers. But reality was quite different. Customers with enormous orders crowded the drive-thru window (免下车窗口): the women felt that the coffee was much too creamy; the men wanted their iced coffees remade again and again. There were moments when I was doubting myself, simply because I couldn’t seem to please anyone. Nevertheless, I kept at it. One miserable rainy day, one of my regulars came in, looking depressed and defeated. When I asked if I could help, he just said he felt like crawling into bed and staying there for a few years. I knew exactly how he felt. Before he left, I slipped his favourite doughnut into a bag and handed it to him along with his coffee. “It’s on me! Have a nice day!” I said with a smile He seemed surprised but thanked me warmly before heading back out into the rain. The next day was miserable as well, rain spilling from the sky. The drive-thru was busier than ever. I spent hours passing orders through the window, drenched (湿透) from the rain while customers stayed cozy in their temperature-controlled cars. No one seemed to notice how hard I was working. On top of that, the tip jar stayed nearly empty! By late afternoon. I grew more depressed. 注意： (1) 续写词数应为150左右； (2) 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Then, around seven o clock that evening, the customer from the day before drove up to the window. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ After seeing his Jeep exit the parking lot, I ran to the back of the shop and opened the note. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 听力 1-5 AACCB 6-10ABCBC 11-15ACAAB 16-20 CBACB 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$