上海市建平中学2024-2025学年高二上学期1月期末英语试题

建平中学2024学年第一学期期末教学质量检测 高二英语试卷 说明：(1)本场考试时间为120分钟，总分150分： (2)请认真答卷，并用规范文字书写。 I.Listening Comprehension Section A Directions:In Section A,you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers.At the end of each conversation,a question will be asked about what was said.The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a conversation and the question about it,read the four possible answers on your paper,and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1.A.By bike. B.By train. C.By bus. D.On foot. 2.A.He does like his wife's new hairstyle. B.His wife didn't take his wise advice. C.He would like to get a haircut. D.His wife often complains about her hair. 3.A.She can't finish her assignment.on time. B.She has already given up her homework. C.She has to buy a new computer today. D.She got infected with some virus. 4.A.To make a road trip right now. B.To hire a qualified mechanic. C.To buy a new car insurance. D.To have her car maintained. 5.A.Hail a taxi co go to airmort. B.Leave for New York with Philip. C.Go to the airport after work. D.Ask someone else for a ride. 6.A.She doesn't drink coffee on campus B.She has already had something for breakfast. C.She would like to grab a cup of coffee. D.She needs to eat something before class. 7.A.It's much more convenient to go shopping in supermarkets. B.Convenience stores are not necessatily convenient sometimes. C.Many goods cannot be purchased in the convenience stores. D.The same goods are sold at higher prices in convenience stores. 8.A.The paper needs a thorough review B.The paper should include more references. C.The research proceduresshould be better arranged. D.The research procedures should be presented in detail 第1页（共12页） 9.A.The man should try a new way to exercise. B.The man should continue to go jogging. C.It istimportanu to go on a diet when jogging. D.The man should try to work out one weck later. 10.A.Few sudents meet Professor Smith's requirements B.Many students consider Professor Smith's course.oorng. C.Nobody can understand Professor Smith's course. D.Many students have dropped out of Professor Smith's course. Section B Directions:In Section B,you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation,and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages and conversation.The passages and conversation will be read twice,but the questions will be spoken only once.When you hear a question,read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11.A.Brenda lost her balance in the 400-meter run. B.Brenda won first place in the 1,500-meter race. C.Brenda just focused on her goal in each race. D.Brenda concentrated on the process of the race/ 12.A.Boosted confidence. B.Reduced motivation. C.Mental disorder. D.Ethical behavior. 13.A.You will pay no attention to your progress. B.You will eventually drop your good habits. C.You will set an unrealistic plan for what's next. D.You will not get along well with yourfpartners. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14.A.She lost her sight. B.Her legs were injured. C.She lost her appetite. D.Her nose was broken. 15.A.Because of her regained sense of smell. B.Because of the agreeable weather C.Because of her neighbor's front yard. D.Because of the deliciousness of bacon. 16.A.Small but pleasant things. B.Grand and pretty things. C.Worthwhile but tough things. D.Significant and great things. Questions 17 to 20 are based on the following conversution. 17.A.Well paid. B.Demanding. C.Exciting. D.Secure. 18.A.In Brazil. B.In Portugal. C.In the United States. D.In his current position. 第2页（共12页） 19.A.He has difficulty communicating with local people. B.He has to spend a lot more traveling back and forth. C.He has trouble adapting to the local weather. D.He has to sign a long-term contract. 20.A.The woman will help the man make a decision B.The man has attended several iob interviews. C.The man is in the process of job hunting D.The woman feels sympathy for the man. II.Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions:After reading the passage below,fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent anc grammatically correct.For the blanks with a given word,fill in each blank with the proper form o the given word;for the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank. Chang'e-6 Takes Off from the Moon's Far Side The ascender of China's Chang'e-6 probe航空探测器)lifted off from the lunar surface or Tuesday morning,carrying samples collected from the moon's far side,(21) unprecedented achievement in human lunar exploration history. The Chang'e-6 probe,(22)(consist)of an orbiter,a lander,an ascender and a returnerlike its predecessor Chang'e-5-was launched on May 3.Its lander-ascender combinatior touched down at(23) was designated as the landing area in the South Pole in June 2.The spacecraft finished its intelligent and rapid sampling work,and the samples were put in a containe inside the ascender of the probed as planned."The mission(24)(withstand)the test o: high temperature on the far side of the moon,"said the China National Space Administratior (CNSA). It adopted two methods of moon sampling,including using a drill to collect subsurface samples and grabbing samples on the surface(25) a robotic arm.It automatically gathered diverse samples at different sites. After the sampling was completed,a Chinese flag carried by the lander(26) (unfold for the first time on the far side of the moon. Unlike takeoff on Earth,the ascender could not rely on a launch tower system,and the lande acted as a temporary "launching pad"instead.Chang'e-6's takeoff from the far side of the moor can't copy the Chang'e-5 ascent from the near side of the moon,(27)it could not receive direct ground control and support.It(28)use its special sensors to achieve autonomou positioning and orientation,with the assistance of Queqiao-2 for communication. Compared with Chang'e-5,Chang'e-6,(29)has witnessed improvements in the autonomy and reliability of its navigation,tackles the challenges posed by the uncertainties of the moon's far side during its takeoff and ascent.The control system of Chang'e-6 has also beer enhanced to improve its autonomy,making it possible for lunar takeoff and ascent(30) (complete)with reduced reliance on relay satellite and ground support. 第3页（共12页） Section B Directions:Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box.Each word can be used only once.Note that there is one word more than you need (A) A.agreement B.boosting C concentrated D.custom B dominant R established G impossibly Nloss I presented I.subconsciously K.throwing How a Hotel Gets Its Signature Scent Six years ago,Atelier Cologne (founder Sylvie Ganter was offered a challenge:to create a signature scent for the Majestic,a five-star hotel,in celebration of its 100-year anniversary. She had six years of developing and perfecting fragrances (for her consumers.But for a building?"I was at a(n)31where to even start."she recalls. The first step was 32 herself in the hotel.She stayed there over a long weekend, soaking up every detail,like the history(Hemingway was,famously,a longtime resident),the decor, and the overall aesthetic.It crystallized what had felt like a(n)33abstract task,allowing her a hope of how she could capture the spirit of the hotel. Once she 34 the mood she wanted to arouse-chic,elegant,and timeless-she turned her attention to the ingredients."I designed it like I would have for the skin because that's what I know,"says Ganter."And then we adapted it so it could be spread out through air conditioning by making it brighter and less35.You want something that smells good in the space,not overwhelming.” Finally,"Musc Imperial"was launched at the Majestic in 2015,and soon after,guests demanded it in perfume form.The hotel requested that it be made into an amenities line(銑s护用品 )ending Bulgari's 36position as its sole retailer. "Guests may not pay that much attention to the scent,but,37,they're aware it's there when they walk into the lobby."She says,"If you bring home the shower gel,it transports you back to the place where you had a really good time."Which is precisely the whole point of signature scents for hotels:creating an olfactory (memory that,when38 again,can trigger nostalgia,ultimately driving repeat business. The 39 between a hotel's personality and the signature scent is an important one When there's a disconnect,it could potentially lead to disastrous results,thus hurting its brand identity.No one will know for certain how a(n)40fragrance will be received,but when done right,it enhances the overall experience.For Ganter,it paid off when she dreamed up"Musc Imperial,” IIL Reading Comprehension Section A Directions:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,B. C and D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Why You Might Need an Adventure In 2017,a scholar at the Murdoch University in Australia proposed a hypothesis about why materially comfortable humans would nonetheless be drawn to difficult,even dangerous tasks.The universe is life-giving and deadly,and therefore,from the outser ()humans needed to embrace 41 to flourish.This characteristic,encoded in the genome ever since,may42 第4页（共12页） itself as a tendency to adopt risky heroic behaviors Evidence from modern researchers does suggest that framing one's life as this type of difficult quest )can lead to positive transformation.In one 2023 experiment,scholars asked participants to reframe their life as one that followed the steps in the 43 journey.The researchers found it raised their subjects'44 it also made a difficult task more meaningful and improved their resistance to trouble.Beyond simply rewriting your life story,starting a voluntary challenge or adventure can bring immediate and big 45 benefits.Consider a 2013 study finding that experienced climbers tend to feel happier when they climb mountains. A challenging adventure doesn't have to be physical in nature;it can equally be 46_ Leaming new things with curiosity and exploration will arouse positive moods.This raises an interesting paradox that appears in this field of happiness research:People 47 a lot more happiness from high-skill activities that require learning than they do from low-skill ones that don't, yet we typically 48 the latter.In other words,you will probably be much happier reading about 49 or science than you will if you just scroll social media-so why are you still scrolling? The obvious answer is that it is less mentally 50-and although the happiness benefits of reading Socrates(苏格拉底)will probably be greater,,they are deferred(延期的)and abstract compared with the instant satisfaction of sitting on the couch watching videos on your phone. Therefore,those whose life feels dull and gray should go find a challenge that is worthwhile and hard.51,if you are little too comfortable marking time in work that doesn't inspire you, perhaps you should quit and start a job search.If the information in your head has become 52 to you,maybe it is time to go back to school in a new field.For a physical challenge,53a half-marathon in six months'time or set out to walk a few hundred miles. There is no 54 that whatever adventure you choose will turn out the way you expect, of course.And that is the point.If it were safe,it wouldn't be heroic;if it were 55,it wouldn't be an adventure.The object is not to win in a conventional way;it is to wake up and be fully alive. 41.A.adaptation B.cooperation C.evolution D.risk 42.A.reveal B.conceal C.imagine D.replace 43.A.criminal's B.hero's C.ancestor's D.champion's 44.A.pessimism about life B.sense of purpose C.desire for materialism D.withdrawal from society 45.A.happiness B.charity C.career D.finance 46.A.academic B.mental C.professional D.subjective 47.A.sacrifice B.overlook C.obtain D.shelter 48.A.opt against B.amount to C.turn down D.settle for 49.A.comics B.philosophy C.gossip D.guidance 50.A.sensational B.valuable C.demanding D.advantageous 51.A.For instance B.In addition C.By contrast D.In consequence 52.A.dull B.nasty C.bare D.priceless 53.A.give in to B.put up with C.keep away from D.sign up for 54.A.perspective B.guarantee C.need D.doubt 55.A.durable B.inevitable C.remarkable D.predictable 第5页（共12页） Section B Directions:Read the following three passages.Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) Some years ago Christian Vanlare wanted to buy a"really big birthday cake"for his uncle,who was turning 88.But there was a problem.Mr.Vanlare lives in New Jersey on America's east coast, while his uncle lives in Accra,Ghana's capital.Icing and sponge do not travel well,and simple things like organizing a cake can be complicated in a bustling African city.Various cousins said they were too busy to buy pastries. Eventually he had a slice of luck when a friend showed kindness and went to the shops.The big uncle got his big cake.But it was a reminder of the challenges of being abroad while having commitments back home."For those of us who live in the diaspora,this is our daily problem,"says Mr.Vanlare. So he came up with a solution.Somafour("One who is sent"in Akan,a language spoken by most Ghanaians)is an app that connects Ghanaians in the diaspora with those in Ghana who can run errands on their behaif.Mr.Vanlare's startup is unlikely to attract the attention of venture capitalists in the near future.But its very existence reflects the growing number of Africans living overseas and their economic importance to the continent.It also offers a lesson in the role of trust in getting things done. In the past five years,Ghana's currency has been devalued,which has encouraged some in the diaspora to buy land while their dollars are worth more.One Somafour agent says he was asked to visit the land a customer had bought to check the quality of the plot.Dealing with officials at the land register office can also be part of the job.Other errands can be more personal,such as taking elderly relatives to the doctor or delivering drinking water to clients'parents. Mr.Vanlare admits,however,that business has been slow so far.Many Ghanaians are cautious about using an app rather than asking family for help,even if their kin are unreliable.In a global survey of values,just 5%of Ghanaians agreed with the statement"most people can be trusted",a standard result for a poor country."In the African context it is very difficult to break into family networks,"says Mr.Vanlare. 56.What problem did Christian Vanlare face when he wanted to buy a birthday cake for his unele? A.His uncle lived too far away for a courier to deliver. B.The cake would not travel well from New Jersey to Accra. C.He was too busy to buy pastries and considered it troublesome. D.Icing and sponge are unavailable in cake shops in African cities. 57.What does "diaspora"in paragraph 2 refer to? A.People who are living in their home country. B.People who are traveling frequently between countries. C.People who have moved away from their home country. D.People who have retumed to their home country after living abroad. 第6奥（共12顶） H的n 58.Which of the following is most likely an example of an errand performed by a Somafour agent? A.Organizing volunteer activities to help the clderly in an American nursing home. B.Helping local people to buy daily necessities at their request when they are busy. C.Visiting a land with a Ghanaian in the diaspora to check the quality of the plot. D.Attending a wedding on behalf of a client who works overseas in his hometown. 59.What can you conclude about the challenge Mr.Vanlare faces in expanding his business? A.Venture capitalists do not view this project favorably. B.The majority of Ghanaians considered their kin to be unreliable. C.There is cultural resistance to replacing family networks with technology. D.The high cost of the app's service is a barrier to potential users in poor countries. (B) What is the serial or Oxford comma? The serial,also called the Oxford comma,is used before the concluding conjunction (and,or)that marks the final item in a list of three or more items.It appears after the second-last element in a scries. EXAMPLE:We had cats,dogs,and horses on the farm. EXAMPLE:Would you like tea,coffee,or sparkling water? When to use Using the serial comma is optional,except when not using it would result in confusion. Confusing:My favorite people are my sisters,Lady Gaga and Beyonce. Unless your sisters are the two famous singers,use a serial comma. Better:My favorite people are my sisters,Lady Gaga,and Beyonce. CAUTION Be careful to place the comma correctly.It doesn't always go before the final and. EXAMPLE:Paul ordered milk,toast,and eggs and bread. The final item is "eggs and bread,"so the comma goes before it. Differences in academie,creative,and news writing In academic and other formal writing,where it is important to convey exact meaning, the serial comma is gencrally preferred. In news copy,where space is precious,the serial comma is generally omitted. In creative writing,where rhythm and cadence are more important,the serial comma is often omitted (though some writers may prefer it,and that is perfectly fine as long as it is used consistently). For ￥Against(or flexible) AMA(American Medical Association): AP (Associated Press):"Use commas to "Use a comma before the conjunction that separate elements in a series,but do not put a precedes the last term in a series." comma before the conjunction in a simple series.” 第7页（共12页） APA (American Psychological Cambridge University Press:"In British Association):"Use a comma between practice there's an Oxford/Cambridge divide elements (including before andand or)in a [with Oxford in favor and Cambridge against]." series of three or more items." Oxford University Press:"Given that the The Guardian:"Straightforward [lists]...do final comma is sometimes necessary to not need [an Oxford comma],but sometimes it prevent ambiguity,it is logical to impose it can help the reader." uniformly.” 60.Which of the following statements is true about the Oxford comma? A.The serial comma is before the last"and"in a sentence. There's no strict rule for the use of serial comma in poems. C.Mainstream press companies are against the use of the Oxford comma. D Academic writing uses the Oxford comma to keep the text short. 61.Which of the following statements is correct according to the article? A.This sentence is grammatically correct:She's fummy,caring and smart. B.This sentence is clear and correct:The girl ate some broccoli,peas,and bread,and butter. Z.This sentence contains an Oxford comma:She loves the shells,the waves,the sunshine and the shoreline. D.This sentence clearly conveys that your parents are a doctor and a teacher:My parents,a doctor,and a teacher,inspired me to become a writer. 62.If you were an editor,which of the following sentences would you consider stylistically correct? Sentence Source A Every Friday,be the first to see reviews,news,and The New York Times features. B.The rucksack didn't contain any significant clues:just "The Mystery of the Man Who some bread,a bottle of Fanta,a bottle of water and a Fell from the Sky,"The Guardian pair of trainers. (April15,2021) C.Bacteria play a major role in bodily functions, from an article in Clinical including immunity,digestion and protection against Microbiology Reviews disease. D. She represents love,beauty,purity,the ideal female and On Beauty (2005)by novelist the moon.She's the mystere of love,perpetual help,Zadie Smith goodwill,health,beauty,and fortune. 第8页（共12页） (C) Social media and the Internet are changing the way we eat and cook.First they came for the eggs.Then the feta cheese,caviar,and cucumbers.In some countrics,these ingredients even sold out:Iceland experienced a shortage of cucumbers,and feta briefly vanished from grocery-store shelves.The reason for the shortages?Food enthusiasts were eager to recreate viral videos in which these ingredients starred. People who leamned to cook in kitchens or through books may scoff at the spread of online- cooking videos.But chefs have long embraced technology to instruct,share their culinary visions and build their careers.In the 1960s-70s Julia Child used television and helped popularize cookbooks,demystifying French food for those cooking at home. Successful online food celebrities"recognize and make a real effort to meet the specific needs of their viewers,"explains Madeline Buxton,culture and trends manager at YouTube.Some viewers want to be entertained;others want to leamn,travel or eat vicariously through people more adventurous than they are. Unlike cooking shows on TV,barriers to entry for online-cooking videos are low.Creators who think they have a winning idea do not need to persuade agents,editors and network executives;they can shoot a video themselves on their phone and see if people like it. Established media companies have got in on the act,but the Internet is mostly full of shorter content.Whereas adventurous TikTokers have tried their hand at complex recipes,approachable food tends to perform best:one reason recipes for baked-feta pasta and cucumber salad went viral is that it is easy to melt cheese and slice cucumbers.It also helps to be visually attractive:viral videos tend to show off the texture and crunch of food. Sometimes creators are surprised by which of their videos take off.Mr.DiGiovanni recalls his first popular video,which showed him making a chocolate bar from whole cacao pods;it was "poorly shot:the lighting was messed up;it was overexposed".But it has attracted almost 14m views.Much as other food creators do,he shows viewers things they would not otherwise see,and he has a good time doing it. This points to an important aspect of online food culture:fun.Julia Child certainly mastered the art of French cooking,and people who followed her recipes may have enjoyed themselves,but she most believed in the haute(高端的)part of haute cuisine.Reverence(崇敬)does poorly in the democratized world of online content,where training,background and even experience matter less 7than likeability,production value and whether a video makes you want to pick up a pan and start cooking.Now can you please pass the feta? 63.The author cites Julia Child as an example to suggest that A.the current trend of online cooking videos is not an entirely new phenomenon B.the shortages of certain ingredients were a direct result of popular TV shows C.cooking shows on TV have higher barriers for content creators D.television was as important as social media in the spread of culinary culture 第9页（共12页） o4.Which of the following statements might the author most probably agree with? A.A detailed instruction on how to make high-end French cuisine is likely to go viral. B.Ingredients like cucumbers sold out because of the popularization of French food. C.Even respected chefs cannot guarantee that their videos will take off. D.The shorter a food vidco is,the more likely it is to gain in popularity. 65.What can be inferred from the last sentence of the passage? A.The author highlights how modern cooking has been changed by the Internet. B.The author is drawn to the new culture of cooking on social media. C.The author is convinced that feta,as shown in the videos,can enhance the taste of food. D.The author's own culinary experiences haven't been influenced by online cooking videos. 66.Which of the following serves as the best title for the passage? A.From TV to TikTok:The Rise of Influencers B.A Taste of Trends:Culinary Journey Reshaped Online C.A Recipe for Success:How to Create Viral Cooking Videos D.Pass Me the Feta:Growing Appetite for Food Ingredients Section C Directions:Read the following passage.Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once.Note that there are two more sentences than you need. A.Most of them are in all likelihood unaware of its tragic origins B.Mondayitis appears to be contagious,infecting other days of the week. 8. While this approach is favored by some,plenty of employees beg to differ. D. They are highly motivated in all walks of life,and even somewhat workaholic. The condition is not just a figment of the imagination but has real physiological effects. It is defined as "a systemic illness with symptoms including fatigue,irritability or light- headedness” Why Monday Is the Most Misunderstood Day When the Boomtown Rats,an Irish band,released"Don't Like Mondays"in 1979,the song became an instant hit.The inspiration behind it was the Cleveland Elementary School shooting in San Diego that year.The 16-year-old perpetrator listed"not liking Mondays"as her main reason for firing 36 shots,killing two adults and injuring eight children and a police officer.This is not,though, why the song resonated with millions of people around the world.67 What many do recognize all too well is the difficulty of summoning the energy to get out of bed on Monday mornings in order to face the week ahead. Many bosses argue that starting off the week in person in the office creates good energy.They think that the initial meeting in the office can boost morale and encourage teamwork,which is essential for a productive work environment.68 A paper published in Z021 by the Journal of Applied Psychology provides some insight into this debate.The study found that people tend to be more ill-mannered on Mondays,possibly due to 第10页（其12页）