精品解析：江苏省天一中学2026-2027学年第一学期第一次学情调研高一英语试题

江苏省天一中学2026-2027学年度第一学期第一次学情调研 高一英语 (考试时间：90分钟 满分：125分) 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节(共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段录音播放两遍。 1. How will the girl go to school today? A. On foot. B. By underground. C. By car. 2. What is the normal checkout time of the hotel? A. 1:00 p.m. B. 2:00 p.m. C. 11:00 a.m. 3. What does the man want to do? A. Apply for a job. B. Advertise a product. C. Complain to the manager. 4. What does the woman think about her old laptop? A. It is slow to start. B. It is heavy. C. It doesn’t work properly. 5. How will the man learn about new games? A. From his friends B. From the Internet. C. From the magazine. 第二节 (共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段录音读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What does the woman want the man to do? A. Study abroad together. B. Check her forms C. Fill out application forms. 7. Which country will the woman go to? A. Canada. B. England. C. America. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What mainly contributed to the woman’s illness? A. The hot food. B. The weather conditions. C. Too much work 9. What will the woman do first? A. Finish the task. B. See the doctor C. Have a good rest. 10. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Husband and wife. B. Doctor and patient. C. Boss and employee. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What does the woman want the man to fix mainly? A. The fridge. B. The water heater. C. The washing machine. 12. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Seller and buyer. B. Family members. C. Customer and service provider. 13. How will the woman deal with the washing machine? A. She’ll donate it. B. She’ll recycle it. C. She’ll replace its parts. 听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。 14. What happened to the man? A. He forgot to make a reservation. B. A clerk took down incorrect information. C. The hotel had no record of his reservation. 15. What does the woman suggest the man do? A. Go to another hotel. B. Check his email. C. Talk to the manager. 16. What kind of room will the man live in finally? A. A luxury room. B. A single room. C. A standard room. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. What is the speaker doing? A. Reporting a study. B. Giving a lecture. C. Chairing a meeting. 18. What is one of the reasons for companies’ refusing remote working? A. They will increase operating costs. B. They have heard disadvantages of it. C. They worry employees will work less hard. 19. What does the speaker say about his company? A. 50% of the employees work from home all week. B. All employees work from home one day a week. C. Receptionists don’t work from home. 20. What is the speaker’s attitude towards remote working? A. Positive. B. Negative. C. Unconcerned. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A The Arts Co-op Program allows undergraduates to gain challenging, paid work experience while completing their degrees at UBC (University of British Columbia). How Co-op Works Co-op is a structured program for students to gain professional experience by alternating (交替) between work and study terms. Students who complete the required 3 work terms will graduate with a co-op recognition on their transcript (成绩单). Length & Number of Work Terms Students in co-op complete 3 work terms throughout their degrees, with each work term being 4 months long. As a result, students typically complete their degrees in 4.5-5 years. While it may take you longer to complete your degree, you will graduate with 12 months of paid work experience to kickstart your career! Typical Work / Study Schedule Use the following as a guide to determine a schedule based on your courses and other UBC plans: YEAR FALL (SEP-DEC) WINTER (JAN-APR) SUMMER (MAY-AUG) 1st Study Study Break 2nd ● Study & Apply to Co-op ● Pre-employment training ● Study ● Pre-employment training Co-op Term 1 3rd Co-op Term 2 Study Co-op Term 3 4th Study Co-op Term 4(Optional) Study 5th Study Study Required Pre-Employment Training If you are admitted to the program, you will be required to participate in specialized training for co-op students. In this training, you will learn how to put together a compelling job application and increase your chances of success in co-op and beyond. These pre-employment training sessions are required, so you’ll need to adjust your schedules accordingly in order to attend. Co-op Wage Structure Here is an approximate breakdown by hourly wage: Non-profit organizations: $ 17.85 — $ 19.00 Private business: $ 17.85 — $ 24.00 Government: $ 19.00 — $ 24.00 1. Who is the text probably intended for? A. Professional artists. B. College program developers. C. UBC freshmen majoring in arts. D. UBC graduates looking for jobs. 2. In which year do co-op students spend the most time working? A. Year 1. B. Year 2. C. Year 3. D. Year 4. 3. What can be inferred about the pre-employment training? A. It strengthens students’ job applications. B. Students get paid for attending the training. C. It focuses mainly on the technical job training. D. It will be adjusted according to the applicants’ schedules. B Climate change, including extreme heat and frequent heat waves, is already known to put pressure on us in many ways — threatening ecosystems, reducing food production, and harming public health. Now, new research points to a possibly lifelong setback (障碍) for children who are suffering from extreme heat. In the first few years of life, children develop key physical, cognitive (认知的) and social skills that can shape (塑造) the rest of their lives. Meeting these basic developmental milestones (里程碑) at the early time — including recognizing letters (字母) or words and playing independently — can influence later life achievements, from mental health to economic success. “Delays in developing these skills set kids down a developmental path that can affect not just personal well-being, but society as a whole,” says Cuarta, a researcher at New York University. To see if there are connections between extreme heat and the development of these skills, Cuarta and his team studied data from 19,600 children surveyed by UNICEF in six countries. The team used the Early Childhood Development Index, which follows milestones in four areas: reading and number-related skills (cognitive skills), social-emotional development (social skills) , ways of learning (learning skills) and physical development (physical skills). The Index tested children’s ability to name letters, read simple words and recognize the numbers 1 through 10, among other skills. In Cuarta’s study, researchers found that compared to children living in areas with cooler conditions, children who experienced higher temperatures above 30℃ were less likely to meet basic developmental milestones, particularly for reading and number-related skills. Learning loss may happen because heat’s effects on the brain can produce slower reaction times and an inability to focus. Heat can mess with (扰乱) children’s sleep, leading to cognitive disorder and learning difficulties in early childhood. With temperature rising globally, these delays could continue through school years and beyond, widening gaps in education and opportunity. “There is an urgent need to find out the exact ways in which heat is affecting development,” suggests Cuarta. “Gaining a better understanding of who is being affected and how it affects will allow us to develop adaptation strategies (适应策略) to help them in the future.” 4. How does the author present the pressure caused by climate change? A. By quoting an expert. B. By raising a suggestion. C. By giving examples. D. By making comparisons. 5. What is Paragraph 2 mainly about? A. The influence of painful childhood. B. The importance of early development. C. The science behind the heat’s damage. D. The explanation of cognitive skills. 6. What can be inferred from Cuarta’s study? A. Heat stress can promote kids’ sleep quality. B. Heat’s effects were greater on mental health. C. Temperature can determine kids’ personality. D. Extreme heat may harm reading and number-related skills. 7. What is Cuarta’s suggestion about? A. Increase more control groups. B. Need to include more volunteers. C. Possible direction of future studies. D. Wide promotion of the findings. C For a long time, psychologists believed in “catharsis theory,” or the idea that it’s better to release negative emotions than hold onto them. But back in 2002, Brad Bushman, a professor of communication at the Ohio State University, published a study that questioned that logic, saying that venting (发泄) “is the worst thing you can do” when you’ re mad and it’s “adding more fuel to the fire.” Focusing on a frustrating conversation can blow out of proportion relatively minor annoyances, which is unhealthy, says Jesse Cougle, a psychology professor studying anger at Florida State University. The problem is that when you’re furious (愤怒的), it feels better to shout angrily than it does to take some centering deep breaths. Bushman has seen that in his research. Even though activities like hitting a punching bag don’t actually lessen anger, “75% of people report feeling better” after they do it, he says. The same is often true for venting to a friend. It feels great to have someone support your perspective. Can something that feels so good really be so wrong? Bushman says it’s not always a bad thing to get something off your chest. Talking through a negative feeling with the goal of understanding why something bothered you and how to better respond in the future, such as with a therapist, can be beneficial, he says. But venting becomes less helpful, Cougle says, when it’s mean-spirited—when you repeat the same thing you’ve done many times, keeping yourself stuck in that past anger without trying to move past it. When you feel yourself getting stuck in the trap of venting, look for healthier coping strategies. If yoga and meditation aren’t your thing, try a quick shift in perspective. Bushman’s research supports the “fly-on-the-wall” technique, which challenges angry people to imagine themselves as a third party observing the situation that made them angry. And finally, don’t underestimate the impact of anger — that is, getting angry when you’re hungry. Science suggests it’s a real phenomenon. So next time you feel yourself gearing up for a venting session, think of grabbing a snack and taking a few deep breaths instead. 8. What is the traditional belief of venting? A. Nothing can be worse than venting. B. Venting may lead to worse emotions. C. Letting anger out always works well. D. Releasing negative feelings is logical. 9. What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 3 refer to? A. The problem of venting while angry. B. The benefit of taking some deep breaths. C. The temporary relief from venting anger. D. The lessened anger after hitting something. 10. Why is the “fly-on-the-wall” technique mentioned in paragraph 5? A. To challenge angry people. B. To replace yoga and meditation. C. To illustrate change in perspective. D. To observe the situation as a third party. 11. What is the passage mainly about? A. The psychological risk of venting and its influence. B. The harm of venting anger and its coping techniques. C. The science of hunger-related anger and its solutions. D. The development of catharsis theory and its modern debates. D We often think of our environment in terms of what we see, but the sounds that surround us — the soundscape — hold profound power over our emotions and physical health. This sonic environment includes everything from the calming, rhythmic crash of ocean waves to the chaotic, stressful roar of city traffic and the hum of office electronics. Each of these sonic elements can trigger powerful, immediate biological and emotional responses, influencing our state of mind without our conscious awareness. A growing body of research confirms that natural sounds are particularly restorative. Listening to birdsong or a stream can lower heart rates and reduce stress hormones, aiding mental recovery. In contrast, chronic exposure to noise pollution, like traffic rumble, is linked to increased risks of heart disease, sleep problems, and difficulty concentrating. However, the impact of a soundscape isn’t purely physical or universal; it is also deeply psychological and cultural. As Dr. Eleanor Vance, an acoustic ecologist, explains, the perception of sound is highly subjective. A sound that is annoying to one person might be comforting to another. For instance, the distant whistle of a train might evoke feelings of loneliness or disruption for some, yet it could trigger fond childhood memories of travel or home for others. This personal and cultural filter (过滤) means that our individual histories and backgrounds fundamentally shape how we interpret and are affected by the sounds around us. This expanding understanding is now driving a global movement to intentionally design healthier acoustic environments. Urban planners and architects are increasingly using “soundscaping” techniques. This goes beyond simple noise reduction. It involves creating more urban parks with water features whose sound masks traffic noise, implementing designated quiet zones, and using specific building materials to absorb unwanted sound. The goal is not to create absolute silence, but to cultivate a balanced mix of sounds that promotes well-being. By becoming more aware of the sound around us, we can take meaningful steps to create sonic environments that nourish, rather than harm, our quality of life. 12. What is the function of the first paragraph? A. To lead in urban noise pollution. B. To compare natural and urban sounds. C. To explain how human’s hearing works. D. To introduce soundscapes and their effects. 13. What can be learned from Dr. Vance’s explanation? A. Urban noise usually leads to health problems. B. Natural sounds universally produce calming effects. C. The perception of sound is shaped by personal background. D. Sound’s impact is primarily a physiological reaction. 14. What is the goal of the “soundscaping” movement? A. To create perfect silence. B. To remove all man-made sounds. C. To use nature recordings everywhere. D. To create a harmonious sound environment. 15. What is the best title for the text? A. Soundscapes: The Pursuit of Quietness B. Soundscapes: The Problem of Urban Noise C. Soundscapes: Shaping Health and Experience D. Soundscapes: The healing Power of Nature 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 “Feeling hungry all of a sudden? Whatever you fancy, it’s just a tap away on food delivery apps. Sunday brunch plans cancelled? Skip the queues and get your favorite food delivered right to your door.” These are typical marketing lines that delivery platforms use daily to attract customers to place orders. ____16____ One main reason for choosing food delivery lies in its convenience. ____17____ There is no need to dress up, travel a long way to restaurants or wait in endless crowds. Time saved can be spent on leftover schoolwork and delayed housework. When convenience is prioritized, home delivery surely wins over eating out. ____18____ For introverts (内向的人), ordering food online is practically a must. Thanks to contactless delivery, we can ask riders to leave meals at the door handles and pick them up later. After getting food, we may curl up on the sofa in casual clothes and enjoy shows while eating, a comfortable experience hard to gain from dining outside. Dine-out lovers claim delivery costs more with extra delivery fees and marked-up dish prices. ____19____ The extra payments actually serve to fairly reward hard-working delivery riders. Every extra penny helps support riders’ livelihoods, which makes ordering delivery worthwhile. All things considered, home delivery turns out to be a wiser choice. ____20____ It saves our energy, offers cozy enjoyment and helps feed delivery workers, leaving little reason to prefer dining out. A. It helps escape tiring face-to-face communication. B. Some people still prefer to dine in local restaurants. C. And behind this choice are multiple practical benefits. D. It saves us all the trouble of preparing for eating outside. E. However, these extra fees are quite reasonable from another angle. F. Some small restaurants lower prices to compete with online delivery services. G. Despite ignoring these ads, most people still prefer ordering delivery to dining out. 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 One evening I was running late for a meeting and I passed a friend in the hallway. My friend asked the daily ____21____ question, “How are you doing?” However, rather than give the ____22____ response, “Good, how about you?” I decided to ____23____ my dissatisfaction with traffic, people who can’t ____24____ their cellphones at traffic lights, poor vision in the rain and everything else about my ____25____ journey to work. Instead of showing sympathy, my friend asked a challenging question, “What would have happened if your guardian angel hadn’t ____26____ those traffic problems?” The inference was that I might have been ____27____ something much worse than being late for a meeting. My ____28____ reaction was to laugh and walk on, but later I began to ____29____ what he had asked. Over the next few days, the more I thought about this question, the more ____30____ I was able to see in it. I thought about my family experiences as well as the things that had happened to me, and the seed he had ____31____ started to grow. I remembered my uncle who was late for a flight and the flight he had ____32____ crashed down. I remembered when ____33____ kept me from accidents on the same road I was traveling on. Ever since my friend gave me his advice in the form of a ____34____, I have become less stressed. Keeping the advice in mind makes me feel more ____35____ and has improved my life. 21. A. formal B. routine C. annoying D. awkward 22. A. confused B. impressive C. expected D. unique 23. A. spread B. contain C. erupt D. crack 24. A. turn on B. put down C. pick out D. take up 25. A. thoughtful B. delightful C. stressful D. careful 26. A. packed B. created C. mastered D. swept 27. A. saved B. spared C. offered D. made 28. A. positive B. quick C. extreme D. immediate 29. A. think over B. care about C. make up D. check out 30. A. chances B. wisdom C. concern D. skills 31. A. collected B. transported C. planted D. purchased 32. A. forgotten B. missed C. revised D. boarded 33. A. delays B. schedules C. traps D. events 34. A. dialogue B. lecture C. question D. statement 35. A. under control B. at ease C. on hand D. in charge 第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 For travelers who used to think that Chinese farmers live in poor conditions, the rural tours can be quite an eye opener. ____36____ (travel) to Jiangsu’s rural villages, many of which look like beautiful postcard scenes, might be totally different from ____37____ you have imagined. A rural tour to the province might allow travelers to have a glance at their daily lives as well as the ____38____ (develop) of China’s rural areas in recent years. Longshang village, ____39____ has 140 people from 51 households, is located at the foot of Youzi Mountain in Nanjing’s Gaochun district. It used to have ruined houses, muddy roads ____40____ annoying flies everywhere. In 2017, experts ____41____ (invite) to design the village’s landscape and help restore its ancient buildings. Now it has become ____42____ “internet celebrity” and attracted many visitors ____43____ (draw) by its tea houses, cafes and book stores. Also in Nanjing, Bulao village in Pukou district, known ____44____ Never Aging village, has attracted many who are interested in finding the secret of staying young. Besides clean water and refreshing air, the village ____45____ (impress) many with its stone streets, ancient-style farm houses and various sports venues where people can go hiking, play baseball and go fishing. 第四部分 写作 (共一节，满分15分) 46. 假如你是李华，你的英国笔友James来信说，进入高中以来，学习和心理压力日益加大，请你用英文给他写一封回信，内容包括： 1. 表示理解并给予安慰； 2. 提出建议(不少于2条)并说明理由。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear James, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 江苏省天一中学2026-2027学年度第一学期第一次学情调研 高一英语 (考试时间：90分钟 满分：125分) 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节(共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段录音播放两遍。 1. How will the girl go to school today? A. On foot. B. By underground. C. By car. 2. What is the normal checkout time of the hotel? A. 1:00 p.m. B. 2:00 p.m. C. 11:00 a.m. 3. What does the man want to do? A. Apply for a job. B. Advertise a product. C. Complain to the manager. 4. What does the woman think about her old laptop? A. It is slow to start. B. It is heavy. C. It doesn’t work properly. 5. How will the man learn about new games? A. From his friends B. From the Internet. C. From the magazine. 第二节 (共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段录音读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What does the woman want the man to do? A. Study abroad together. B. Check her forms C. Fill out application forms. 7. Which country will the woman go to? A. Canada. B. England. C. America. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What mainly contributed to the woman’s illness? A. The hot food. B. The weather conditions. C. Too much work 9. What will the woman do first? A. Finish the task. B. See the doctor C. Have a good rest. 10. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Husband and wife. B. Doctor and patient. C. Boss and employee. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What does the woman want the man to fix mainly? A. The fridge. B. The water heater. C. The washing machine. 12. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Seller and buyer. B. Family members. C. Customer and service provider. 13. How will the woman deal with the washing machine? A. She’ll donate it. B. She’ll recycle it. C. She’ll replace its parts. 听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。 14. What happened to the man? A. He forgot to make a reservation. B. A clerk took down incorrect information. C. The hotel had no record of his reservation. 15. What does the woman suggest the man do? A. Go to another hotel. B. Check his email. C. Talk to the manager. 16. What kind of room will the man live in finally? A. A luxury room. B. A single room. C. A standard room. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. What is the speaker doing? A. Reporting a study. B. Giving a lecture. C. Chairing a meeting. 18. What is one of the reasons for companies’ refusing remote working? A. They will increase operating costs. B. They have heard disadvantages of it. C. They worry employees will work less hard. 19. What does the speaker say about his company? A. 50% of the employees work from home all week. B. All employees work from home one day a week. C. Receptionists don’t work from home. 20. What is the speaker’s attitude towards remote working? A. Positive. B. Negative. C. Unconcerned. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A The Arts Co-op Program allows undergraduates to gain challenging, paid work experience while completing their degrees at UBC (University of British Columbia). How Co-op Works Co-op is a structured program for students to gain professional experience by alternating (交替) between work and study terms. Students who complete the required 3 work terms will graduate with a co-op recognition on their transcript (成绩单). Length & Number of Work Terms Students in co-op complete 3 work terms throughout their degrees, with each work term being 4 months long. As a result, students typically complete their degrees in 4.5-5 years. While it may take you longer to complete your degree, you will graduate with 12 months of paid work experience to kickstart your career! Typical Work / Study Schedule Use the following as a guide to determine a schedule based on your courses and other UBC plans: YEAR FALL (SEP-DEC) WINTER (JAN-APR) SUMMER (MAY-AUG) 1st Study Study Break 2nd ● Study & Apply to Co-op ● Pre-employment training ● Study ● Pre-employment training Co-op Term 1 3rd Co-op Term 2 Study Co-op Term 3 4th Study Co-op Term 4(Optional) Study 5th Study Study Required Pre-Employment Training If you are admitted to the program, you will be required to participate in specialized training for co-op students. In this training, you will learn how to put together a compelling job application and increase your chances of success in co-op and beyond. These pre-employment training sessions are required, so you’ll need to adjust your schedules accordingly in order to attend. Co-op Wage Structure Here is an approximate breakdown by hourly wage: Non-profit organizations: $ 17.85 — $ 19.00 Private business: $ 17.85 — $ 24.00 Government: $ 19.00 — $ 24.00 1. Who is the text probably intended for? A. Professional artists. B. College program developers. C. UBC freshmen majoring in arts. D. UBC graduates looking for jobs. 2. In which year do co-op students spend the most time working? A. Year 1. B. Year 2. C. Year 3. D. Year 4. 3. What can be inferred about the pre-employment training? A. It strengthens students’ job applications. B. Students get paid for attending the training. C. It focuses mainly on the technical job training. D. It will be adjusted according to the applicants’ schedules. 【答案】1. C 2. C 3. A 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍不列颠哥伦比亚大学文科本科带薪实习项目，含学制安排、实习时段、岗前培训及时薪标准，学生在读分段实习，积累一年工作经验助力就业。 【1题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“The Arts Co-op Program allows undergraduates to gain challenging, paid work experience while completing their degrees at UBC (University of British Columbia).(文科合作教育项目允许本科生在不列颠哥伦比亚大学（UBC）完成学位的同时，获得具有挑战性且带薪的工作经验)”可知，文章针对的是不列颠哥伦比亚大学文科专业的大一新生。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据表格3年级含 Co-op Term2、3 两段实习，多于其他学年。可知，合作教育项目学生在第三年工作时间最长。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据Required Pre-Employment Training部分“In this training, you will learn how to put together a compelling job application and increase your chances of success in co-op and beyond.(在本培训中，你将学习如何撰写一份引人注目的求职申请，从而提高在合作教育项目及其他领域的成功机会)”可知，入职前培训能增强学生的求职竞争力。 B Climate change, including extreme heat and frequent heat waves, is already known to put pressure on us in many ways — threatening ecosystems, reducing food production, and harming public health. Now, new research points to a possibly lifelong setback (障碍) for children who are suffering from extreme heat. In the first few years of life, children develop key physical, cognitive (认知的) and social skills that can shape (塑造) the rest of their lives. Meeting these basic developmental milestones (里程碑) at the early time — including recognizing letters (字母) or words and playing independently — can influence later life achievements, from mental health to economic success. “Delays in developing these skills set kids down a developmental path that can affect not just personal well-being, but society as a whole,” says Cuarta, a researcher at New York University. To see if there are connections between extreme heat and the development of these skills, Cuarta and his team studied data from 19,600 children surveyed by UNICEF in six countries. The team used the Early Childhood Development Index, which follows milestones in four areas: reading and number-related skills (cognitive skills), social-emotional development (social skills) , ways of learning (learning skills) and physical development (physical skills). The Index tested children’s ability to name letters, read simple words and recognize the numbers 1 through 10, among other skills. In Cuarta’s study, researchers found that compared to children living in areas with cooler conditions, children who experienced higher temperatures above 30℃ were less likely to meet basic developmental milestones, particularly for reading and number-related skills. Learning loss may happen because heat’s effects on the brain can produce slower reaction times and an inability to focus. Heat can mess with (扰乱) children’s sleep, leading to cognitive disorder and learning difficulties in early childhood. With temperature rising globally, these delays could continue through school years and beyond, widening gaps in education and opportunity. “There is an urgent need to find out the exact ways in which heat is affecting development,” suggests Cuarta. “Gaining a better understanding of who is being affected and how it affects will allow us to develop adaptation strategies (适应策略) to help them in the future.” 4. How does the author present the pressure caused by climate change? A. By quoting an expert. B. By raising a suggestion. C. By giving examples. D. By making comparisons. 5. What is Paragraph 2 mainly about? A. The influence of painful childhood. B. The importance of early development. C. The science behind the heat’s damage. D. The explanation of cognitive skills. 6. What can be inferred from Cuarta’s study? A. Heat stress can promote kids’ sleep quality. B. Heat’s effects were greater on mental health. C. Temperature can determine kids’ personality. D. Extreme heat may harm reading and number-related skills. 7. What is Cuarta’s suggestion about? A. Increase more control groups. B. Need to include more volunteers. C. Possible direction of future studies. D. Wide promotion of the findings. 【答案】4. C 5. B 6. D 7. C 【解析】 【导语】主要介绍极端高温的危害，阐述高温会阻碍儿童早期能力发展、造成学习缺陷，并提出需深入研究以制定适配对策。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Climate change, including extreme heat and frequent heat waves, is already known to put pressure on us in many ways — threatening ecosystems, reducing food production, and harming public health.(气候变化，包括极端高温与频发热浪，现已公认会从多方面给我们带来压力——破坏生态系统、降低粮食产量，并损害公共健康。)” 可知，作者通过列举具体危害的方式，介绍气候变化带来的各类压力。 【5题详解】 主旨大意题。通读第二段，尤其根据“In the first few years of life, children develop key physical, cognitive (认知的) and social skills that can shape (塑造) the rest of their lives.(在生命最初几年里，儿童会发展出能够塑造其一生的关键身体、认知与社交能力。)”可知，本段主要讲述儿童早期发展各项能力的重要意义，影响终身发展与社会整体发展。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“In Cuarta’s study, researchers found that compared to children living in areas with cooler conditions, children who experienced higher temperatures above 30℃ were less likely to meet basic developmental milestones, particularly for reading and number-related skills. (在Cuarta的研究中，研究人员发现，与生活在气候凉爽地区的儿童相比，长期处于30摄氏度以上高温环境的儿童更难达到基础成长发展关键指标，在阅读和数字相关能力方面尤为明显。)”可知，极端高温会损害儿童的读写与数字相关技能，阻碍其成长发展。 【7题详解】 细节理解题。根据尾段““There is an urgent need to find out the exact ways in which heat is affecting development,” suggests Cuarta. “Gaining a better understanding of who is being affected and how it affects will allow us to develop adaptation strategies (适应策略) to help them in the future.”(“我们迫切需要弄清楚高温影响发育的确切途径，”Cuarta表示。“更清楚哪些人群会受到影响以及高温如何产生影响，将有助于我们制定适应策略，在未来为他们提供帮助。”)”可知，Cuarta指出要探明高温影响儿童发育的具体方式与对象，为后续研究和应对策略指明了未来研究方向。 C For a long time, psychologists believed in “catharsis theory,” or the idea that it’s better to release negative emotions than hold onto them. But back in 2002, Brad Bushman, a professor of communication at the Ohio State University, published a study that questioned that logic, saying that venting (发泄) “is the worst thing you can do” when you’ re mad and it’s “adding more fuel to the fire.” Focusing on a frustrating conversation can blow out of proportion relatively minor annoyances, which is unhealthy, says Jesse Cougle, a psychology professor studying anger at Florida State University. The problem is that when you’re furious (愤怒的), it feels better to shout angrily than it does to take some centering deep breaths. Bushman has seen that in his research. Even though activities like hitting a punching bag don’t actually lessen anger, “75% of people report feeling better” after they do it, he says. The same is often true for venting to a friend. It feels great to have someone support your perspective. Can something that feels so good really be so wrong? Bushman says it’s not always a bad thing to get something off your chest. Talking through a negative feeling with the goal of understanding why something bothered you and how to better respond in the future, such as with a therapist, can be beneficial, he says. But venting becomes less helpful, Cougle says, when it’s mean-spirited—when you repeat the same thing you’ve done many times, keeping yourself stuck in that past anger without trying to move past it. When you feel yourself getting stuck in the trap of venting, look for healthier coping strategies. If yoga and meditation aren’t your thing, try a quick shift in perspective. Bushman’s research supports the “fly-on-the-wall” technique, which challenges angry people to imagine themselves as a third party observing the situation that made them angry. And finally, don’t underestimate the impact of anger — that is, getting angry when you’re hungry. Science suggests it’s a real phenomenon. So next time you feel yourself gearing up for a venting session, think of grabbing a snack and taking a few deep breaths instead. 8. What is the traditional belief of venting? A. Nothing can be worse than venting. B. Venting may lead to worse emotions. C. Letting anger out always works well. D. Releasing negative feelings is logical. 9. What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 3 refer to? A. The problem of venting while angry. B. The benefit of taking some deep breaths. C. The temporary relief from venting anger. D. The lessened anger after hitting something. 10. Why is the “fly-on-the-wall” technique mentioned in paragraph 5? A. To challenge angry people. B. To replace yoga and meditation. C. To illustrate change in perspective. D. To observe the situation as a third party. 11. What is the passage mainly about? A. The psychological risk of venting and its influence. B. The harm of venting anger and its coping techniques. C. The science of hunger-related anger and its solutions. D. The development of catharsis theory and its modern debates. 【答案】8. D 9. C 10. C 11. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍发泄愤怒的危害及应对技巧。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“For a long time, psychologists believed in “catharsis theory,” or the idea that it’s better to release negative emotions than hold onto them. (长期以来，心理学家们信奉“宣泄理论”，即认为释放负面情绪比压抑它们更好的观点。)”可知，传统的发泄观点是释放负面情绪是合乎逻辑的。故选D项。 【9题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第三段“The problem is that when you’re furious (愤怒的), it feels better to shout angrily than it does to take some centering deep breaths. (他说，尽管像打沙袋这样的活动实际上并不能减轻愤怒，但“75%的人表示在做了这些活动后感觉更好”。)”可知，研究发现75%的人认为这些活动后会感觉更好，由此可知，研究中发现的“that”指的是发泄愤怒带来的暂时缓解。故选C项。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段“When you feel yourself getting stuck in the trap of venting, look for healthier coping strategies. If yoga and meditation aren’t your thing, try a quick shift in perspective. Bushman’s research supports the “fly-on-the-wall” technique, which challenges angry people to imagine themselves as a third party observing the situation that made them angry. (当你感觉自己陷入宣泄的陷阱时，要寻找更健康的应对策略。如果瑜伽和冥想不合你的心意，试试快速转换视角。布什曼的研究支持“墙上苍蝇”技巧，即让愤怒的人想象自己作为第三方观察令他们生气的情境。)”可推断，第五段提到“墙上苍蝇”技巧是为了说明视角的变化。故选C项。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“But back in 2002, Brad Bushman, a professor of communication at the Ohio State University, published a study that questioned that logic, saying that venting (发泄) “is the worst thing you can do” when you’ re mad and it’s “adding more fuel to the fire.”(但早在2002年，俄亥俄州立大学传播学教授布拉德・布什曼发表了一项研究，对这一逻辑提出了质疑。他指出，生气时发泄“是你能做的最糟糕的事情”，这无异于“火上浇油”。)”可知，文章先指出传统宣泄理论的问题，接着说明发泄愤怒的危害，最后介绍应对技巧，“发泄愤怒的危害及其应对技巧”最能概括全文。故选B项。 D We often think of our environment in terms of what we see, but the sounds that surround us — the soundscape — hold profound power over our emotions and physical health. This sonic environment includes everything from the calming, rhythmic crash of ocean waves to the chaotic, stressful roar of city traffic and the hum of office electronics. Each of these sonic elements can trigger powerful, immediate biological and emotional responses, influencing our state of mind without our conscious awareness. A growing body of research confirms that natural sounds are particularly restorative. Listening to birdsong or a stream can lower heart rates and reduce stress hormones, aiding mental recovery. In contrast, chronic exposure to noise pollution, like traffic rumble, is linked to increased risks of heart disease, sleep problems, and difficulty concentrating. However, the impact of a soundscape isn’t purely physical or universal; it is also deeply psychological and cultural. As Dr. Eleanor Vance, an acoustic ecologist, explains, the perception of sound is highly subjective. A sound that is annoying to one person might be comforting to another. For instance, the distant whistle of a train might evoke feelings of loneliness or disruption for some, yet it could trigger fond childhood memories of travel or home for others. This personal and cultural filter (过滤) means that our individual histories and backgrounds fundamentally shape how we interpret and are affected by the sounds around us. This expanding understanding is now driving a global movement to intentionally design healthier acoustic environments. Urban planners and architects are increasingly using “soundscaping” techniques. This goes beyond simple noise reduction. It involves creating more urban parks with water features whose sound masks traffic noise, implementing designated quiet zones, and using specific building materials to absorb unwanted sound. The goal is not to create absolute silence, but to cultivate a balanced mix of sounds that promotes well-being. By becoming more aware of the sound around us, we can take meaningful steps to create sonic environments that nourish, rather than harm, our quality of life. 12. What is the function of the first paragraph? A. To lead in urban noise pollution. B. To compare natural and urban sounds. C. To explain how human’s hearing works. D. To introduce soundscapes and their effects. 13. What can be learned from Dr. Vance’s explanation? A. Urban noise usually leads to health problems. B. Natural sounds universally produce calming effects. C. The perception of sound is shaped by personal background. D. Sound’s impact is primarily a physiological reaction. 14. What is the goal of the “soundscaping” movement? A. To create perfect silence. B. To remove all man-made sounds. C. To use nature recordings everywhere. D. To create a harmonious sound environment. 15. What is the best title for the text? A. Soundscapes: The Pursuit of Quietness B. Soundscapes: The Problem of Urban Noise C. Soundscapes: Shaping Health and Experience D. Soundscapes: The healing Power of Nature 【答案】12. D 13. C 14. D 15. C 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍了声景（soundscape）对人的情绪、身体健康的影响，区分自然声与噪音污染带来的不同作用，阐释声音感知具有主观性，同时介绍打造健康声环境的声景设计运动及其目标。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“We often think of our environment in terms of what we see, but the sounds that surround us — the soundscape — hold profound power over our emotions and physical health. This sonic environment includes everything from the calming, rhythmic crash of ocean waves to the chaotic, stressful roar of city traffic and the hum of office electronics. Each of these sonic elements can trigger powerful, immediate biological and emotional responses, influencing our state of mind without our conscious awareness.(我们看待环境时，往往只关注眼前所见，但环绕在身边的各类声音 —— 也就是声景，对我们的情绪与身体健康有着深刻的影响。 这种声音环境包罗万象：既有海浪舒缓规律的拍打声，也有城市车流嘈杂扰人的轰鸣，还有办公室电子设备持续的嗡鸣。 每一种声音元素都能立刻引发强烈的生理与情绪反应，在我们毫无察觉的情况下左右心境。)”可知，第一段旨在引入声景并说明它带来的各类影响。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“As Dr. Eleanor Vance, an acoustic ecologist, explains, the perception of sound is highly subjective.(声学生态学家Eleanor Vance博士解释，人对声音的感知极具主观性。)”以及“This personal and cultural filter (过滤) means that our individual histories and backgrounds fundamentally shape how we interpret and are affected by the sounds around us.(这种个人与文化层面的过滤机制意味着个人经历与背景从根本上决定我们如何理解周遭声音、以及受其影响的方式。)”可知，人对声音的感知由个人背景塑造。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段“The goal is not to create absolute silence, but to cultivate a balanced mix of sounds that promotes well-being.(该举措的目标并非打造绝对寂静，而是营造均衡、能提升幸福感的混合声环境。)”可知，声景设计运动的目标是打造和谐健康的声环境。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“We often think of our environment in terms of what we see, but the sounds that surround us — the soundscape — hold profound power over our emotions and physical health.(我们常从视觉角度看待环境，但环绕我们的声音——声景，会深刻影响我们的情绪与身体健康。)”以及最后一段“By becoming more aware of the sound around us, we can take meaningful steps to create sonic environments that nourish, rather than harm, our quality of life.(只要我们多留意身边的声响，就能采取切实有效的举措，打造滋养生活品质、而非损害生活质量的声环境。)”可知，全文围绕声景对人体健康、个人感官体验的塑造展开，C选项“Soundscapes: Shaping Health and Experience(声景：塑造健康与感官体验)”最能概括文章大意。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 “Feeling hungry all of a sudden? Whatever you fancy, it’s just a tap away on food delivery apps. Sunday brunch plans cancelled? Skip the queues and get your favorite food delivered right to your door.” These are typical marketing lines that delivery platforms use daily to attract customers to place orders. ____16____ One main reason for choosing food delivery lies in its convenience. ____17____ There is no need to dress up, travel a long way to restaurants or wait in endless crowds. Time saved can be spent on leftover schoolwork and delayed housework. When convenience is prioritized, home delivery surely wins over eating out. ____18____ For introverts (内向的人), ordering food online is practically a must. Thanks to contactless delivery, we can ask riders to leave meals at the door handles and pick them up later. After getting food, we may curl up on the sofa in casual clothes and enjoy shows while eating, a comfortable experience hard to gain from dining outside. Dine-out lovers claim delivery costs more with extra delivery fees and marked-up dish prices. ____19____ The extra payments actually serve to fairly reward hard-working delivery riders. Every extra penny helps support riders’ livelihoods, which makes ordering delivery worthwhile. All things considered, home delivery turns out to be a wiser choice. ____20____ It saves our energy, offers cozy enjoyment and helps feed delivery workers, leaving little reason to prefer dining out. A. It helps escape tiring face-to-face communication. B. Some people still prefer to dine in local restaurants. C. And behind this choice are multiple practical benefits. D. It saves us all the trouble of preparing for eating outside. E. However, these extra fees are quite reasonable from another angle. F. Some small restaurants lower prices to compete with online delivery services. G. Despite ignoring these ads, most people still prefer ordering delivery to dining out. 【答案】16. G 17. D 18. A 19. E 20. C 【解析】 【导语】主要分析人们偏爱外卖的多重现实好处，对比堂食，说明外卖是更明智的就餐选择。 【16题详解】 根据前文“These are typical marketing lines that delivery platforms use daily to attract customers to place orders.(这些是外卖平台每天用来吸引顾客下单的典型营销话术。)” 可知，上文介绍外卖平台的营销宣传，本空承接广告引出人们的实际选择。G选项“Despite ignoring these ads, most people still prefer ordering delivery to dining out (尽管忽视这些广告，大多数人仍然更喜欢点外卖而不是外出就餐)”中的指示短语these ads精准对应上文中的marketing lines，实现内容上的指代衔接；句子逻辑上让步转折，即便广告不一定被关注，大众依旧倾向外卖，自然引出下文分析原因，符合上下文语境。 【17题详解】 根据空前“One main reason for choosing food delivery lies in its convenience.(选择外卖的一个主要原因在于它的便利性。)”以及空后“There is no need to dress up, travel a long way to restaurants or wait in endless crowds.(不需要精心打扮、长途奔赴餐馆或是排漫长的队伍。)”可知，本段中心主题是外卖的便利性。空前提到核心关键词convenience，空格处需要对“便利”进行具体阐释，空后则列举外出就餐的种种麻烦作为细节支撑。D选项“It saves us all the trouble of preparing for eating outside (它帮我们省去外出就餐的所有麻烦)”中的It指代food delivery，和后文不需要打扮、赶路、排队形成呼应，起到承上启下的作用，符合语境。 【18题详解】 根据空后“For introverts (内向的人), ordering food online is practically a must. Thanks to contactless delivery, we can ask riders to leave meals at the door handles and pick them up later.(对于内向的人来说，网上点餐几乎是必需的。得益于无接触配送，我们可以让骑手把餐品放在门把手上，之后再取餐。)”可知，后文围绕内向人群展开，介绍无接触配送，不用和他人直接碰面交流。本空是该段主题句，需要概括整段段落主旨。A选项“It helps escape tiring face‑to‑face communication (它有助于摆脱令人疲惫的面对面交流)” 概括本段核心内容，总领本段，符合语境。 【19题详解】 根据空前“Dine‑out lovers claim delivery costs more with extra delivery fees and marked‑up dish prices.(喜爱堂食的人认为外卖花费更高，有额外配送费，菜品价格也更高。)”以及空后“The extra payments actually serve to fairly reward hard‑working delivery riders.(这些额外花费实际上是用来公平回报辛苦工作的外卖骑手。)”可知，空前提出堂食支持者的反面观点，指出外卖存在额外费用的弊端；空后转换立场，解释额外费用存在的积极意义，前后属于明显转折逻辑。E选项“However, these extra fees are quite reasonable from another angle (然而，换个角度看，这些额外费用十分合理)”中However表转折，these extra fees对应上文extra delivery fees and marked‑up dish prices，衔接上下文，符合语境。 【20题详解】 根据空前“All things considered, home delivery turns out to be a wiser choice.(综合来看，外卖是一个更明智的选择。)”以及空后“It saves our energy, offers cozy enjoyment and helps feed delivery workers, leaving little reason to prefer dining out.(它节省我们的精力，带来舒适体验，同时保障骑手收入，几乎没有理由偏爱外出就餐。)”可知，空前得出外卖是更好选择的总判断；空后逐条罗列外卖带来的三点具体益处。空格需要搭建总观点与分条好处之间的桥梁。C选项“And behind this choice are multiple practical benefits (这一选择背后有着诸多实际好处)”中的this choice指代前文选择外卖，引出后文具体好处，符合语境。 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 One evening I was running late for a meeting and I passed a friend in the hallway. My friend asked the daily ____21____ question, “How are you doing?” However, rather than give the ____22____ response, “Good, how about you?” I decided to ____23____ my dissatisfaction with traffic, people who can’t ____24____ their cellphones at traffic lights, poor vision in the rain and everything else about my ____25____ journey to work. Instead of showing sympathy, my friend asked a challenging question, “What would have happened if your guardian angel hadn’t ____26____ those traffic problems?” The inference was that I might have been ____27____ something much worse than being late for a meeting. My ____28____ reaction was to laugh and walk on, but later I began to ____29____ what he had asked. Over the next few days, the more I thought about this question, the more ____30____ I was able to see in it. I thought about my family experiences as well as the things that had happened to me, and the seed he had ____31____ started to grow. I remembered my uncle who was late for a flight and the flight he had ____32____ crashed down. I remembered when ____33____ kept me from accidents on the same road I was traveling on. Ever since my friend gave me his advice in the form of a ____34____, I have become less stressed. Keeping the advice in mind makes me feel more ____35____ and has improved my life. 21. A. formal B. routine C. annoying D. awkward 22. A. confused B. impressive C. expected D. unique 23. A. spread B. contain C. erupt D. crack 24. A. turn on B. put down C. pick out D. take up 25. A. thoughtful B. delightful C. stressful D. careful 26. A. packed B. created C. mastered D. swept 27. A. saved B. spared C. offered D. made 28. A. positive B. quick C. extreme D. immediate 29. A. think over B. care about C. make up D. check out 30. A. chances B. wisdom C. concern D. skills 31. A. collected B. transported C. planted D. purchased 32. A. forgotten B. missed C. revised D. boarded 33. A. delays B. schedules C. traps D. events 34. A. dialogue B. lecture C. question D. statement 35. A. under control B. at ease C. on hand D. in charge 【答案】21. B 22. C 23. C 24. B 25. C 26. B 27. B 28. D 29. A 30. B 31. C 32. B 33. A 34. C 35. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己某天因开会迟到而心情烦躁，在向朋友抱怨通勤路上的种种不顺时，朋友的一个问题引发了作者对生活态度的深入思考。作者通过回忆生活中的经历，逐渐领悟到要珍惜当下、感恩生活中的点滴，并因此变得更加从容。 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的朋友问了一个日常问题：“你过得怎么样？”A. formal正式的；B. routine日常的；C. annoying恼人的；D. awkward尴尬的。根据后文““How are you doing?””可知，朋友问的是日常问候语。故选B。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，我没有给出预期的回答“很好，你呢？”A. confused困惑的；B. impressive令人印象深刻的；C. expected预期的；D. unique独特的。根据后文““Good, how about you?””可知，这是通常人们对于问候的预期回答。故选C。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我决定把我对交通堵塞、红绿灯前不肯放下手机的人、雨中视线不佳以及我上班途中紧张的一切不满都发泄出来。A. spread传播；B. contain包含；C. erupt爆发，发泄；D. crack破裂。根据后文“my dissatisfaction with traffic”可知，此处指发泄对交通的不满。故选C。 【24题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我决定把我对交通堵塞、红绿灯前不肯放下手机的人、雨中视线不佳以及我上班途中紧张的一切不满都发泄出来。A. turn on打开；B. put down放下；C. pick out挑选出；D. take up占据。根据后文“their cellphones at traffic lights”可知，此处指在红绿灯前不放下手机的人。故选B。 【25题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我决定把我对交通堵塞、红绿灯前不肯放下手机的人、雨中视线不佳以及我上班途中有压力的一切不满都发泄出来。A. thoughtful体贴的；B. delightful令人愉快的；C. stressful有压力的；D. careful仔细的。根据上文“I decided to ____ my dissatisfaction with traffic, people who can’t ____ their cellphones at traffic lights, poor vision in the rain”可知，作者在抱怨上班路上有压力的事情。故选C。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的朋友没有表示同情，而是问了一个有挑战性的问题：“如果你的守护天使没有制造这些交通问题，会发生什么？”A. packed打包；B. created创造、制造；C. mastered掌握；D. swept打扫。根据后文“those traffic problems”可知，此处指制造交通问题。故选B。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：由此得出的结论是，我侥幸逃脱了比开会迟到更糟糕的事情。A. saved拯救；B. spared侥幸逃脱；C. offered提供；D. made制作。根据后文“something much worse than being late for a meeting”可知，此处指侥幸逃脱了比开会迟到更糟糕的事情。故选B。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我当下的反应是笑着走开，但后来我开始仔细考虑他问的问题。A. positive积极的；B. quick快的；C. extreme极端的；D. immediate立即的。根据前文“The inference was that I might have been ____ something much worse than being late for a meeting. ”后文“to laugh and walk on”可知朋友的意思是作者侥幸逃脱了比开会迟到更糟糕的事情，所以作者当下的反应是笑着走开。故选D。 【29题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我立即的反应是笑着走开，但后来我开始仔细考虑他问的问题。A. think over仔细考虑；B. care about关心；C. make up编造；D. check out结账离开。根据后文“Over the next few days, the more I thought about this question”可知，作者开始仔细考虑朋友问的问题。故选A。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在接下来的几天里，我对这个问题的思考越多，就越能从中看到智慧。A. chances机会；B. wisdom智慧；C. concern关心；D. skills技能。根据后文作者回忆生活中的经历以及“Keeping the advice in mind makes me feel more ____ and has improved my life.”可知，作者从朋友的问题中看到了智慧。故选B。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想到了我的家庭经历以及发生在我身上的事情，他播下的种子开始发芽。A. collected收集；B. transported运输；C. planted种植；D. purchased购买。根据后文“started to grow”可知，此处指朋友的问题在作者心里播下了种子。故选C。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我记得我叔叔赶不上航班，而他所错过的航班坠毁了。A. forgotten忘记；B. missed错过；C. revised复习；D. boarded登机。根据上文“my uncle who was late for a flight and the flight he had”以及后文“crashed down”可知，叔叔错过了坠毁的航班。故选B。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我记得有一次延误使我在同一条路上避免了事故。A. delays延误；B. schedules时间表；C. traps陷阱；D. events事件。根据后文“kept me from accidents on the same road I was traveling on”可知，延误使作者避免了事故。故选A。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：自从我的朋友以问题的形式给我建议以来，我的压力减轻了。A. dialogue对话；B. lecture讲座；C. question问题；D. statement声明。根据上文“my friend asked a challenging question”可知，朋友以问题的形式给了作者建议。故选C。 【35题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：记住这个建议让我感到更轻松，也改善了我的生活。A. under control在控制中；B. at ease轻松；C. on hand在手边；D. in charge负责。根据前文“I have become less stressed”以及后文“has improved my life”可知，记住这个建议让作者感到更轻松，也改善了作者的生活。故选B。 第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 For travelers who used to think that Chinese farmers live in poor conditions, the rural tours can be quite an eye opener. ____36____ (travel) to Jiangsu’s rural villages, many of which look like beautiful postcard scenes, might be totally different from ____37____ you have imagined. A rural tour to the province might allow travelers to have a glance at their daily lives as well as the ____38____ (develop) of China’s rural areas in recent years. Longshang village, ____39____ has 140 people from 51 households, is located at the foot of Youzi Mountain in Nanjing’s Gaochun district. It used to have ruined houses, muddy roads ____40____ annoying flies everywhere. In 2017, experts ____41____ (invite) to design the village’s landscape and help restore its ancient buildings. Now it has become ____42____ “internet celebrity” and attracted many visitors ____43____ (draw) by its tea houses, cafes and book stores. Also in Nanjing, Bulao village in Pukou district, known ____44____ Never Aging village, has attracted many who are interested in finding the secret of staying young. Besides clean water and refreshing air, the village ____45____ (impress) many with its stone streets, ancient-style farm houses and various sports venues where people can go hiking, play baseball and go fishing. 【答案】36. Traveling##Traveling 37. what 38. development 39. which 40. and 41. were invited 42. an 43. drawn 44. as 45. impresses 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了江苏乡村旅游新貌，展现农村发展变化及特色村落的独特魅力。 【36题详解】 考查动名词。句意：到江苏的乡村旅游，许多乡村看起来就像美丽的明信片场景，这可能与你想象的完全不同。此处应用动名词作主语，位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Traveling/Traveling。 【37题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：到江苏的乡村旅游，许多乡村看起来就像美丽的明信片场景，这可能与你想象的完全不同。此处引导宾语从句，从句缺少宾语，表示“……的东西”，应用连接代词what引导。故填what。 【38题详解】 考查名词。句意：到该省的乡村旅游可以让游客了解他们的日常生活以及中国农村近年来的发展。此处应用名词development，表示“发展”，作介词at的宾语。故填development。 【39题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：陇上村位于南京市高淳区油子山脚下，有51户140人。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词Longshang village指物，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。 【40题详解】 考查连词。句意：这里曾经有破败的房子，泥泞的道路，到处都是令人讨厌的苍蝇。ruined houses，muddy roads和annoying flies everywhere之间为并列关系，应用连词and连接。故填and。 【41题详解】 考查时态和语态。句意：2017年，专家们被邀请设计村庄的景观，并帮助修复古建筑。此处缺少谓语，根据时间状语In 2017可知，句子应用一般过去时，invite和主语experts之间为被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语experts为复数，be动词应用were。故填were invited。 【42题详解】 考查冠词。句意：现在它已经成为“网红”，并吸引了许多被茶馆、咖啡馆和书店吸引的游客。此处泛指“一个网红”，应用不定冠词，internet是以元音音素开头的单词，应用an。故填an。 【43题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：现在它已经成为“网红”，并吸引了许多被茶馆、咖啡馆和书店吸引的游客。此处应用非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰名词visitors，draw和visitors之间为被动关系，应用过去分词。故填drawn。 【44题详解】 考查介词。句意：同样在南京，浦口区的不老村，被称为“不老村”，吸引了许多对寻找保持年轻的秘密感兴趣的人。此处考查固定搭配be known as，表示“被称为”。故填as。 【45题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：除了干净的水和清新的空气，这个村庄的石街、古色古香的农舍和各种运动场所也给人留下了深刻的印象，人们可以在那里徒步旅行、打棒球和钓鱼。此处缺少谓语，根据上下文可知，句子应用一般现在时，主语the village为单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填impresses。 第四部分 写作 (共一节，满分15分) 46. 假如你是李华，你的英国笔友James来信说，进入高中以来，学习和心理压力日益加大，请你用英文给他写一封回信，内容包括： 1. 表示理解并给予安慰； 2. 提出建议(不少于2条)并说明理由。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear James, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【答案】Dear James, I am sorry to hear that you have been under the pressure of study and psychology since you entered high school. Here are some suggestions for you to relieve stress. To begin with, keep a balance between study and rest. You should take regular exercise to keep fit and energetic. Besides, it’s highly recommended to have brief conversations with close friends, from whom you can get confidence and comfort. Most importantly, you should make a good study schedule and stick to it, which can make you devote yourself to studies and realize your potential. I hope my suggestions will be of help and I’m sure you will have a happy high school life! Your sincerely, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本文是应用文。要求考生给上了高中之后感到压力很大的英国笔友James写一封，表达安慰和建议。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 建议：suggestion→tip 消除：relieve→remove 锻炼身体：take exercise→work out 此外：besides→what’s more 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Here are some suggestions for you to relieve stress. 拓展句：Here are some suggestions that can help you relieve stress. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I am sorry to hear that you have been under the pressure of study and psychology since you entered high school.（由that引导的宾语从句和since引导的时间状语从句） 【高分句型2】Besides, it’s highly recommended to have brief conversations with close friends, from whom you can get confidence and comfort.（由whom引导的定语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $