Unit 2 Sports culture 单元知识重点 背诵与检测-2024-2025学年高中英语译林版（2019）选择性必修第二册

高中英语 译林牛津同步教材单元重点 · 选择性必修第二册Unit 2 Sports culture 背诵版 Part1词性转化 1. participate vi.参加，参与→participant n.参加者，参与者→participation n.参加，参与 2. compete vi.竞争，对抗，比赛→competitor n.对手，竞赛者→competition n.竞争，比赛→competent adj.有能力的，能胜任的→competitive adj.有竞争力的 3. motivate vt.激励，激发；成为…的动机→motivation n.动力，积极性→motivated adj.积极的，主动的 4. applaud vt.&vi.称赞，赞许；鼓掌→applause n.称赞，赞许；鼓掌 5. consist vi.由…组成(of)；在于(in)→consistent adj.一致的，始终如一的；连续的 6. elect v.选举；推选→election n.选举，推选；当选 7. gradual adj.逐渐的→gradually adv.逐渐地，逐步地 8. literal adj.字面上的；逐字的→literally adv.真正地，确实地；按字面，字面上 9. diverse adj.多种多样的，不同的→diversity n.多样性 10. selfish adj.自私的→unselfish adj.无私的，忘我的→selfless adj.无私的，忘我的 11. cruel adj.残酷的→cruelty n.残酷，虐待 12. oppose v.反对，抵制→opponent n.对手，竞争者；反对者→opposing adj.对抗的；相反的→opposed adj.强烈反对的（主要指态度）【XB1U3】 13. complain vi.&vt.抱怨；投诉→complaint n.抱怨；投诉 14. intend vt.&vi.想要，计划；意指→intention n.意图；打算→intentionally adv.有意地，故意地→unintentionally adv.无意地，非故意地 15. ambition n.追求的目标，夙愿；野心，雄心→ambitious adj.有野心的，有雄心的 16. faith n.信心；宗教信仰→faithful adj.忠实的；忠诚的；可信任的→faithless adj.不忠实的，不可信任的→faithfully adv.忠诚地 17. limit n.限制;界限vt.限制→limited adj.有限的→limited过去式→limited过去分词 18. celebrity n.名人；名望→复数pl celebrities（作为“名人”可数名词） 19. opponent n.对手，竞争者；反对者→复数pl opponents 20. motto n. 格言，座右铭→pl. mottoes/mottos Part2固定搭配 · 课本单词表中直接出现的知识点 · 与本单元单词直接有关的知识点 · 已学，本单元再次考察的知识点 · 补充（本单元做题需要的）知识点 （1） 含冠词 · play a significant role in...在...中发挥重要作用/扮演着重要角色 （2） 含介词 · participate in..参加，参与 · complain about...抱怨... · remark on...说起，评论... · whether...or...无论...还是...【课本P23】 · without hesitation毫不犹豫【课本P23】 · be regarded as...将...视作...【课本P17】【B2U1】 · a wide range of... 大范围的,各种不同的...【课本P19】【B2U2】 · The majority of... ...大多数...【课本P19】【B3U3】 （3） 含非谓语动词 · call on sb to do (do) sth 正式邀请某人做某事；请求某人做某事 同义：appeal sb to do (do) sth 呼吁某人做某事 · motivate sb to do (do) sth 激励某人做某事 · proceed to do (do) sth 继续做某事 同义：encourage/inspire sb to do (do) sth 激发/鼓舞/鼓励某人做某事 · allow sb to do (do) sth允许某人做某事【课本P16】 allow doing (do) sth允许做某事 · devote oneself to doing (do) sth 致力于/投身于/奉献于...【课本P16】 · In addition to doing (do) sth除...之外，还...【课本P17】【B1U4】 · It’s said that.../...is said to do (do) sth 据说... （4） 动词+介词、副词的短语 · walk on air 欢天喜地，得意扬扬 · keep sth in perspective 正确客观地看待 · find one’s way into 偶然来到，无意中处于 · bring...back to life 带来……/恢复生机 · pour down 顺着...落下 · come to public attention 引起公众关注【课本P16】 · give birth to... 生（孩子），生育；引起，产生【课本P17】 · lead to 导致【课本P17】 · return to normal 恢复正常【课本P20】 · reflect on... 反思...【课本P20】 （5） 其他短语 · track and field 田径运动 · move the goalposts 改变条件（或规则）[贬义] · score an own goal 进乌龙球；无意中做让自己吃亏的事 · in the ballpark 差不多 · a ballpark estimate 大致相近的估计 · throw sb a curveball 给某人出难题 · three strikes and you are out 三振出局 · below the belt 不公正的，伤人的 · throw in the towel 认输，承认失败 · make joint efforts 做出共同的努力【课本P16】 （6） 补充短语 · in the spirit of... 本着...精神【课本P16】 · in the hope of... 希望...【课本P16】 · in praise of... 为表彰/赞扬...【课本P23】 · In honour of 为纪念，为庆祝【课本P87】 · In defence of 保卫，捍卫【课本P87】 · In favour of... 支持，赞同【课本P87】 · in celebration of 为庆祝...【课本P87】 · in memory of 纪念....【课本P87】 · side by side 并排，并肩；一起【课本P19】 · More often than not 往往，多半，时常，常常【课本P23】 Part3语法点 · 过去进行时和过去完成时的被动语态 过去进行时 结构：was/were doing→ was/were being done 定义1：过去的某个时间点正在发生的动作 I was doing my homework when you called me yesterday. 定义2：过去的某个时间段持续进行的动作 —Where have you been?I couldn’t find you. —I was studying for the whole afternoon. 时间标志词：at that moment，then（那时）；the whole morning，this/that time yesterday，at eight o’clock last night 过去完成时 结构：had done→ had been done 定义：过去某一时间之前已经完成的动作（过去的过去） 1. By +过去时间点/the time of+过去时间/By the time+一般过去式句子 2. 两个过去的动作：一前一后 3. 宾语从句：主过从必过 4. 某人第几次做某事★★★ This/That/It is the first/second/third time that sb have done sth（现在完成时） This/That/It was the first/second/third time that sb had done sth（过去完成时） 5. 自从...已多少年 It is/has been ...years since+过去时(did) It was ...years since+过去完成时(had done) 6. 主句（一般过去时）,only to find... 7. 虚拟语气： 基本虚拟：对过去虚拟，if从句用过去完成时，主句WCMS+have done 特殊用法：对过去虚拟，as if/though似乎, 好像、if only 要是…就好啦!、I wish 我多么希望、would rather 宁愿 8. 倒装句：Hardly /Scarcely/Barely....when...;No sooner …than ...“刚...就/一...就/几乎未来得及做...就...”hardly/scarcely/no sooner置于句首，所在分句部分倒装句。注意：前半句（主句）用过去完成时，后半句（从句）用一般过去时。 · 强调句: 考点：It is/was not until...that... 直到...才.... · I didn’t pardon him until I found the reason.直到我找到了原因，我才原谅了他。 →It was not until I found the reason that I pardon him. · She didn’t go to bed until his son came back.直到他儿子回来，她才去睡觉。 →It was not until her son came back that she went to bed. · 倒装句 考点：Not until..置于句首，主句部分倒装，遵循“前不倒后倒”的原则 · I didn’t pardon him until I found the reason.直到我找到了原因，我才原谅了他。 →Not until I found the reason did I pardon him. · She didn’t go to bed until his son came back.直到他儿子回来，她才去睡觉。 →Not until her son came back did she went to bed. · 长难句解析 指出下列复合句的类型 1. It was a Frenchman, Pierre de Coubertin, who brought the Olympics back to life. (强调句)【课本P16】 2. He came to public attention during the 1960 Rome Olympics, when he won the light heavyweight gold medal for the USA,demonstrating great talent and personality in the process. (when时间状语从句)【课本P16】 3. Another sportsperson that should be applauded is Jessica Ennis-Hill. (定语从句)【课本P17】 4. This success is truly remarkable if you consider that just 24 years before, at the 1984 Los Angeles Olympics, Xu Haifeng won our country’s first-ever gold medal. (if状语从句+宾语从句) 【课本P17】 5. As Coubertin believed, “With the Olympic Games, each generation celebrates its advent, its joy of living, its faith in the future, its ambition and its will to ascend.” (定语从句)【课本P17】 6. I ran my race relaxed and confident, even though my limits were being tested like never before. (even though状语从句)【课本P20】 7. Whether you come first or last, it is important to remember that at any sporting event, you face two opponents: your fellow competitors and yourself. (宾语从句)【课本P20】 8. As it suggests, in baseball this means that a batter (the person with the baseball bat in his or her hands) is out after making three unsuccessful attempts to hit the ball. (定语从句+宾语从句)【课本P26】 · 选择性必修第二册Unit 2 Sports culture 检测版 Part1词性转化 1. participate vi.参加，参与→ n.参加者，参与者→ n.参加，参与 2. compete vi.竞争，对抗，比赛→ n.对手，竞赛者→ n.竞争，比赛 → adj.有能力的，能胜任的→ adj.有竞争力的 3. motivate vt.激励，激发；成为…的动机→ n.动力，积极性→ adj.积极的，主动的 4. applaud vt.&vi.称赞，赞许；鼓掌→ n.称赞，赞许；鼓掌 5. consist vi.由…组成(of)；在于(in)→ adj.一致的，始终如一的；连续的 6. elect v.选举；推选→ n.选举，推选；当选 7. gradual adj.逐渐的→ adv.逐渐地，逐步地 8. literal adj.字面上的；逐字的→ adv.真正地，确实地；按字面，字面上 9. diverse adj.多种多样的，不同的→ n.多样性 10. selfish adj.自私的→ adj.无私的，忘我的→ adj.无私的，忘我的 11. cruel adj.残酷的→ n.残酷，虐待 12. oppose v.反对，抵制→ n.对手，竞争者；反对者→ adj.对抗的；相反的→ adj.强烈反对的（主要指态度）【XB1U3】 13. complain vi.&vt.抱怨；投诉→ n.抱怨；投诉 14. intend vt.&vi.想要，计划；意指→ n.意图；打算→ adv.有意地，故意地→ adv.无意地，非故意地 15. ambition n.追求的目标，夙愿；野心，雄心→ adj.有野心的，有雄心的 16. faith n.信心；宗教信仰→ adj.忠实的；忠诚的；可信任的→ adj.不忠实的，不可信任的→ adv.忠诚地 17. limit n.限制;界限vt.限制→ adj.有限的→ 过去式→ 过去分词 18. celebrity n.名人；名望→复数pl （作为“名人”可数名词） 19. opponent n.对手，竞争者；反对者→复数pl 20. motto n. 格言，座右铭→pl. Part2固定搭配 · 课本单词表中直接出现的知识点 · 与本单元单词直接有关的知识点 · 已学，本单元再次考察的知识点 · 补充（本单元做题需要的）知识点 （1） 含冠词 · play significant role in...在...中发挥重要作用/扮演着重要角色 （2） 含介词 · participate ..参加，参与 · complain ...抱怨... · remark ...说起，评论... · whether... ...无论...还是...【课本P23】 · hesitation毫不犹豫【课本P23】 · be regarded ...将...视作...【课本P17】【B2U1】 · a wide range ... 大范围的,各种不同的...【课本P19】【B2U2】 · The majority ... ...大多数...【课本P19】【B3U3】 （3） 含非谓语动词 · call on sb (do) sth 正式邀请某人做某事；请求某人做某事 同义：appeal sb (do) sth 呼吁某人做某事 · motivate sb (do) sth 激励某人做某事 · proceed (do) sth 继续做某事 同义：encourage/inspire sb (do) sth 激发/鼓舞/鼓励某人做某事 · allow sb (do) sth允许某人做某事【课本P16】 allow (do) sth允许做某事 · devote oneself (do) sth 致力于/投身于/奉献于... · In addition to (do) sth除...之外，还...【课本P17】【B1U4】 · It’s said that.../...is said (do) sth 据说... （4） 动词+介词、副词的短语 · walk on air · keep sth in perspective · find one’s way into · bring...back to life · pour down · come to public attention · give birth to... · lead to · return to normal · reflect on... （5） 其他短语 · track and field · move the goalposts 改变条件（或规则） · score an own goal 进乌龙球；无意中做让自己吃亏的事 · in the ballpark 差不多 · a ballpark estimate 大致相近的估计 · throw sb a curveball 给某人出难题 · three strikes and you are out 三振出局 · below the belt 不公正的，伤人的 · throw in the towel 认输，承认失败 · make joint efforts （6） 补充短语 · in the spirit of... · in the hope of... · in praise of... · In honour of · In defence of · In favour of... · in celebration of · in memory of · side by side · More often than not Part3语法点 · 过去进行时和过去完成时的被动语态 过去进行时 结构：was/were doing→ was/were being done 定义1：过去的某个时间点正在发生的动作 I was doing my homework when you called me yesterday. 定义2：过去的某个时间段持续进行的动作 —Where have you been?I couldn’t find you. —I was studying for the whole afternoon. 时间标志词：at that moment，then（那时）；the whole morning，this/that time yesterday，at eight o’clock last night 过去完成时 结构：had done→ had been done 定义：过去某一时间之前已经完成的动作（过去的过去） 1. By +过去时间点/the time of+过去时间/By the time+一般过去式句子 2. 两个过去的动作：一前一后 3. 宾语从句：主过从必过 4. 某人第几次做某事★★★ This/That/It is the first/second/third time that sb have done sth（现在完成时） This/That/It was the first/second/third time that sb had done sth（过去完成时） 5. 自从...已多少年 It is/has been ...years since+过去时(did) It was ...years since+过去完成时(had done) 6. 主句（一般过去时）,only to find... 7. 虚拟语气： 基本虚拟：对过去虚拟，if从句用过去完成时，主句WCMS+have done 特殊用法：对过去虚拟，as if/though似乎, 好像、if only 要是…就好啦!、I wish 我多么希望、would rather 宁愿 8. 倒装句：Hardly /Scarcely/Barely....when...;No sooner …than ...“刚...就/一...就/几乎未来得及做...就...”hardly/scarcely/no sooner置于句首，所在分句部分倒装句。注意：前半句（主句）用过去完成时，后半句（从句）用一般过去时。 · 强调句: 考点：It is/was not until...that... 直到...才.... · I didn’t pardon him until I found the reason.直到我找到了原因，我才原谅了他。 → . · She didn’t go to bed until his son came back.直到他儿子回来，她才去睡觉。 → . · 倒装句 考点：Not until..置于句首，主句部分倒装，遵循“前不倒后倒”的原则 · I didn’t pardon him until I found the reason.直到我找到了原因，我才原谅了他。 → . · She didn’t go to bed until his son came back.直到他儿子回来，她才去睡觉。 → . · 长难句解析 指出下列复合句的类型 1. It was a Frenchman, Pierre de Coubertin, who brought the Olympics back to life. ( ) 2. He came to public attention during the 1960 Rome Olympics, when he won the light heavyweight gold medal for the USA,demonstrating great talent and personality in the process. ( ) 3. Another sportsperson that should be applauded is Jessica Ennis-Hill. ( ) 4. This success is truly remarkable if you consider that just 24 years before, at the 1984 Los Angeles Olympics, Xu Haifeng won our country’s first-ever gold medal. ( ) 5. As Coubertin believed, “With the Olympic Games, each generation celebrates its advent, its joy of living, its faith in the future, its ambition and its will to ascend.” ( ) 6. I ran my race relaxed and confident, even though my limits were being tested like never before.( ) 7. Whether you come first or last, it is important to remember that at any sporting event, you face two opponents: your fellow competitors and yourself. ( ) 第 1 页 共 11 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$