Unit 1 People around us(知识清单)英语新教材沪教版七年级下册

2025-01-10
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学段 初中
学科 英语
教材版本 初中英语沪教版七年级下册
年级 七年级
章节 Unit 1 People around us
类型 学案-知识清单
知识点 -
使用场景 同步教学-单元练习
学年 2026-2027
地区(省份) 全国
地区(市) -
地区(区县) -
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发布时间 2025-01-10
更新时间 2026-01-22
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Unit 1 People around us Unit 1 重点 词汇 名词:advice /ədˈvaɪs/ n. 建议 community /kəˈmju:nəti/ n. 社区 future /ˈfju:tʃə(r)/ n. 将来; 未来 attention /əˈtenʃ(ə)n/ n.专心; 注意力 relative /ˈrelətɪv/ n. 亲戚; 亲属 uniform /ˈju:nɪfɔːm/ n. 制服; 校服 personality /ˌpɜːsəˈnæləti/ n. 性格; 个性 characteristic /ˌkærəktəˈrɪstɪk/ n. 特点; 品质 topic /ˈtɒpɪk/ n. 话题; 标题 smartphone /ˈsmɑ:tfəʊn/ n. 智能手机 competition /ˌkɒmpəˈtɪʃ(ə)n/ n. 比赛; 竞赛 shower /ˈʃaʊə(r)/ n. 淋浴 superman /ˈsuːpəmæn/ n. 超人 动词: encourage /ɪnˈkʌrɪdʒ/ v. 鼓励; 激励 retire /rɪˈtaɪə(r)/ v. (令)退职; (使)退休 形容词:cheerful /ˈtʃɪəf(ə)l/ adj. 快乐的; 高兴的 medical /ˈmedɪk(ə)l/ adj. 医学的; 医疗的 *fried /fraid/ adj. 油炸的; 油煎的; 油炒的 smart /sma:t/ adj. 聪明的; 机敏的 bored /bɔːd/ adj. (对某人/事物)厌倦的; 烦闷的 strict /strɪkt/ adj. 要求严格的; 严厉的 active /ˈæktɪv/ adj. 忙碌的; 活跃的 online /ˌɒnˈlaɪn/ adj. 在线的 narrow /ˈnærəʊ/ adj. 狭窄的; 窄小的 副词:seldom /ˈseldəm/ adv. 不常; 很少; 难得 soon /su:n/ adv. 很快; 马上; 不久 wisely /ˈwaɪzli/ adv. 聪明地; 明智地 连词:wherever /weərˈevə(r)/ conj. 各处; 处处  重点 短语 give up 认输; 放弃 used to 曾经 in the future 在未来 be strict about 对……要求严格 be worried about 担心 其他短语:take care of 照顾 be patient with 对......有耐心 help sb do 帮助某人(做)… give sb advice给某人建议 feel bored 感到无聊的 work out 解决 protect from 保护免受……的伤害 bring up 抚养(成人) cook meals for 为……做饭:为......准备食物 give sb.support 给予某人支持 keep one's attention 保持某人的注意力 典型 句型 1.My mother always listens to me and give me advice.我妈妈总是听我说话,给我一些建议。 2.My father always encourages me to study hard and never give up.我的爸爸总是鼓励我努力学习,永不放弃。 3.My grandma used to be a doctor, but she retired many years ago.我奶奶以前是一名医生,但她多年前就退休了。 4.She is kind to everyone and very patient with people and she is always cheerful.她对每个人都很好,对人也很有耐心,而且她总是很高兴。 5.She gives them tips on how to stay healthy.她给了他们如何保持健康的建议。 6.Wherever I go in the future I will never forget the taste of her cooking.无论我将来走到哪里,我都永远不会忘记她烹饪的味道。 7.She is in hospital now.We are very worried and we hope she gets well soon.她现在在住院。我们很担心,希望她能早日康复。 8.He knows how to keep our attention in class and his lessons are always interesting.他知道如何在课堂上保持我们的注意力,他的课总是很有趣的。 9.That's why I seldom feel bored in his maths lessons.这就是为什么我很少对他的数学课感到无聊。 10.Mr Li is strict about our schoolwork but he gives us lots of support when we need help.李先生对我们的学校作业很严格,但在我们需要帮助时,他给了我们很多支持。 11.If we cannot work out a difficult maths problem, he will encourage us to think about it in a new way.如果我们不能解决一个数学难题,他就会鼓励我们以一种新的方式来思考它。 12.He's walking on a narrow plank, not worried about the height.他走在一块狭窄的木板上,并不担心这个高度。 13.Yao Yuan is active in our community.姚元在我们的社区很活跃。 14.Yao Yuan also use his time wisely.姚元也合理地利用他的时间。 15.What does she do? 她是做什么的? 语言目标 掌握双元音/ɪə/、/eə/、/ʊə/的发音及常见字母组合 语法目标 定冠词the的用法 写作目标 Writing an article about a person you like写一篇关于你喜欢的人的文章 【考点1】My mother always listens to me and give me advice.我妈妈总是听我说话,给我一些建议。 【详解】advice n. 建议(不可数名词)→ advise v. 建议 give sb. advice 给某人建议 a piece of advice 一则建议 some advice 一些建议 听从某人的建议:follow/ take one’s advice/ suggestions 【拓展】辨析advice 和suggestion 名词 用法 动词 用法 advice 不可数名词,无复数形式。 advise advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事 suggestion 可数名词,复数形式是suggestions. suggest suggest doing sth. 建议做某事 suggest (that) sb. (should) do sth. 【典例】 1.I think it is ________ good advice, and it’s really ________ useful suggestion. A.a; an B./; a C.a; a D./; an 2.My teacher often gives me ________ about how to study English well. A.some advice B.some suggestion C.an adivce D.good advices 3.________ you have offered me! I am out of trouble now. A.What valuable advice B.what valuable suggestion C.How a useful advice D.How useful suggestions 【考点2】My father always encourages me to study hard and never give up. 我的爸爸总是鼓励我努力学习,永不放弃。 【详解1】encourage v. 鼓励;激励 【拓展】①courage n. 勇气 ② encouragement n. 鼓励 ③ encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事 【详解2】give up 放弃 【拓展】give 相关的短语 give away 分发;赠送 give back 归还 give off 发出(光、热等) give out 分发;耗尽 give sb. a hand 帮助某人 give in 屈服;让步 give sb. sth.= give sth. to sb. 给某人某物 【典例】1.无论做什么,王老师都不放弃。 Whatever Miss Wang does, she never . 妈妈总是鼓励我在早晨锻炼。 2.Mom always me in the morning. 3.Sun Shuang often helps his teachers to ________ exercise-books. A.give in B.give up C.give out D.give off 【考点3】My grandma used to be a doctor, but she retired many years ago.我奶奶以前是一名医生,但她多年前就退休了。 【详解1】used to be: 曾经是 “used to +动词原形”表示过去常常做某事,通常用于描述过去的一种习惯或状态。否定形式为“didn't use to+动词原形”或“used not to +动词原形”。 例句:I used to go to school by bike. 我过去常常骑自行车上学。 He didn't use to smoke. 他过去不抽烟。 【拓展】be / get used to doing 习惯于...... I am / get used to getting up early.我习惯早起。 【详解2】retire: v. 退休 →retired adj. 退休的 (同时也是retire的过去式和过去分词) 例句:My father retired last year.我父亲去年退休了。 He is retired now. 他现在已经退休了。 【典例】1.The boy ________ up late, but now he gets up early. A.is used to get B.used to get C.is used to getting D.used to getting 2.I ________ late. But now I ________ up early. A.used to get up; am used to getting B.used to sleeping; am used to get C.am used to sleeping; used to get D.used to get up; am used for getting 3.你过去常常晚饭后散步吗? Did you take a walk after dinner? 4.我过去常常看到他每天在图书馆里读书。 I see him reading in the library every day. 【考点4】She is kind to everyone and very patient with people and she is always cheerful.她对每个人都很好,对人也很有耐心,而且她总是很高兴。 【详解1】be kind to : 对......友善的= be friendly to 【详解2】cheerful:adj. 欢快的,高兴的。同义词:glad,happy。 【拓展】cheer v. (为......)欢呼,加油 短语:cheer sb. up 使某人振奋起来/ 使某人开心 例句:She told him a funny story to cheer him up. 她给她讲了一个有趣的故事,让他开心起来。 【详解3】patient:adj. 有耐心的 → impatient 没有耐心的 短语:be patient with sb. v. 对…有耐心 【拓展】patient 还可以作名词,意为“病人”。 例句:The doctor is patient with his patients. 这名医生对他的病人们很有耐心。 【典例】1. 她的同学对她都友好。 Her classmates all her. 2.When others don’t understand, you should be patient ________ them. A.to B.at C.with 3.—Cheer up! Don’t give up! You will get better! —__________ A.That’s very kind of you! B.Don’t say that to me! C.Why do you help me? D.You must be joking! 【考点5】She gives them tips on how to stay healthy.她给了他们如何保持健康的建议。 【详解1】tip 诀窍;小费 gives sb. tips on :就......给某人建议 【详解2】“how to stay healthy”为“疑问词+动词不定式”结构,作介词on的宾语。动词不定式可以和what、which、who、when、where、how等连用,构成 “疑问词+to do” 结构,在句中可以作主语、宾语或表语等成分。 例句:I don't know what to do next. 我不知道接下来做什么。 【典例】1.This problem is too hard. Can you tell me ________ it finally? A.what to solve B.how to solve C.when to solve 2.There are so many kinds of ties here. I don’t know ________. A.how to buy B.to buy what C.which to buy D.to buy which 3.—Excuse me, can you tell me ________ to get to the post office, please? —Of course. Walk up Kingswell Street and turn left onto Green Road. A.where B.when C.how D.why 【考点6】Wherever I go in the future I will never forget the taste of her cooking.无论我将来走到哪里,我都永远不会忘记她烹饪的味道。 【详解1】 “wherever”意为“各处,处处”。通常用作连词,引导状语从句,意为“无论哪里”。 另有whenever,however,whichever,whatever等作连词,引导状语从句。 例句:The puppy followed the girl wherever she went. 无论小女孩去哪里,小狗都跟着她。 【详解2】future n. 未来;将来。短语“in the future”意为“在将来”,常与一般将来时连用。 例句: He hopes he will be able to fly in the future. 他希望在未来他能够飞起来。 【典例】1.____ you come, you can see beautiful flowers in our school yard. A.Whatever B.Wherever C.Whenever D.Whoever 2. 无论你去哪里,记住你是中国人。(wherever) 【考点7】She is in hospital now.We are very worried and we hope she gets well soon.她现在在住院。我们很担心,希望她能早日康复。 【详解1】in hospital: 住院 (辨析:in the hospital 在医院里) 【详解2】soon adv. 很快;马上;不久; 作时间状语,通常用于将来时。也可用于其他时态,根据具体语境而定。 I will finish my homework soon.我会很快完成作业。 She is going to travel to Europe soon.她不久将要去欧洲旅行。 I soon realized the mistake.我很快意识到犯了错误。 The aspirins soon take effect.阿司匹林药品很快见效。 【拓展】How soon “多久之后;还要多久”针对时间进行提问,与一般将来时连用。通常用“in+时间段”来回答,“in”表示“......后”。 --How soon will you get up? 你多久才能起床? --In an hour. 一个小时以后。 【典例】1.Today I will go to _________ to see my friend. She is ill in _________. A.the hospital; hospital B.hospital; hospital C.hospital; the hospital D.the hospital; the hospital 2.—How soon will the new term begin? —________. A.In 2 weeks B.Twice a week C.For 2 weeks 3.— will I receive the T-shirt, Madam? —In two or three days, boy. A.How long B.How soon C.How many D.How far 【考点8】He is really smart.他真的很聪明。 【详解】smart adj. 聪明的;机敏的 近义词 clever。 【典例】1.—What do you think of Wang Mei? —She is a ________ girl. She is good at all her subjects. A.smart B.lazy C.noisy D.scary 【考点9】He knows how to keep our attention in class and his lessons are always interesting.他知道如何在课堂上保持我们的注意力,他的课总是很有趣的。 【详解】 attention n. 专心,注意力 keep one's attention 保持某人的注意力 【拓展】常用短语:pay attention to(介词)+ sth/ doing sth. 当心;注意 attract/draw/catch one's attention 吸引某人的注意力 例句:We should pay more attention to environment protection. 我们应该更加重视环境保护。 【典例】 1.—What should I do to improve my spoken English? —You need to pay attention to ________ as much as possible. A.speak B.speaking C.speaks D.spoken 2.在服装店里的那件连衣裙吸引了她的注意力。 The dress which is at the clothes shop her . 【考点10】That's why I seldom feel bored in his maths lessons.这就是为什么我很少对他的数学课感到无聊。 【详解1】“That's why...”意为“这就是为什么;这就是.....的原因”。 【拓展】辨析that's why 和that's because 辨析 用法 例句 that's why... 后接某事产生的结果,含义是“这就是为什么...”。 He was ill. That’s why he was sent to the hospital.  他病了,所以被送到医院来。 that's because... 后接某事发生的原因,含义是“那是...的原因”。 He was sent to the hospital. That’s because he was ill. 他被送到医院,是因为他生病了。 【详解2】seldom adv. 不常;很少;难得 【拓展】 频度副词的用法 【详解3】bored:adj. (感到)无聊的 【拓展】辨析boring 和bored 辨析 用法 一言辨析 boring adj. 主要用于修饰事物的特征。 She feels bored because this film is boring. 她感到很无聊这部电影很无趣。 bored adj. 主要用于描述人的感受。 【典例】 1.用that's why 和that's because填空。 ① I was late for the meeting this morning. __________ I met an old friend on the way. ②I met an old friend on the way, and __________ I was late for the meeting this morn 2.The job is ________. It always makes me feel ________. A.boring, bored B.boring, boring C.bored, boring D.bored, bored 3. He is ________ the soccer team. That’s ________ he plays soccer better than us. A.at; because B.in; why C.on; why D.in; because 4.——________ your brother a member of the basketball team? ——No, he ________ plays basketball. A.Does; seldom B.Do; always C.Is; seldom D.Is; always 5.Tom ________ goes shopping because he is ________ busy working. A.often; always B.never; seldom C.usually; often D.seldom; always 【考点11】Mr Li is strict about our schoolwork but he gives us lots of support when we need help.李先生对我们的学校作业很严格,但在我们需要帮助时,他给了我们很多支持。 【详解】strict adj.要求严格的;严厉的 【拓展】be strict about sth:对某事要求严格 例句:She is very strict about things like homework. 她对家庭作业之类事很严格。 be strict with sb.:对某人要求严格 例句:Parents should not be too strict with teenagers. 父母不应该对青少年要求太严格。 【典例】1.My English teacher is always strict ________ our studies, and she often says we should be strict ________ ourselves. A.about; about B.with; with C.about; with D.with; about 【考点12】If we cannot work out a difficult maths problem, he will encourage us to think about it in a new way.如果我们不能解决一个数学难题,他就会鼓励我们以一种新的方式来思考它。 【详解1】这是由if引导的条件状语从句,主句用一般将来时,从句则用一般现在时,即“主将从现”。 例句: He will help you if you ask him. = If you ask him, he will help you.如果你问他,他会帮助你。 【要点复习】 1. if意为“如果”,引导条件状语从句,既可放在主句前面,也可放在主句后面。若if条件句放在句首,从句后面要加逗号与主句隔开。 If you go there , I'll go , too.如果你去那儿,我也会去。 My mother will take me to the park if she is free.我妈妈如果有空,就会带我去公园。 2.时态运用在含有if引导的条件状语从句的主从复合句中,主句有下列情况之一时,从句要用一般现在时表示将来意义。 (1)主句是一般将来时。 (2)主句谓语含有情态动词may/might/can/must/should 等。 (3)主句是祈使句 3.句型转换 (1)借助“祈使句+and/or+句子(一般将来时)”这一句型来转换。其中,在句意上 and表示顺承;or 表示转折,意为“否则”。 If you study hard , you’ll pass the exam easily.= Study hard and you’ll pass the exam easily. 努力学习,你将很容易通过考试。 (2)借助 without 或 with 来转换条件状语从句。 If there is no water , fish will die.= Fish will die without water.如果没有水,鱼将会死。 If you help me , I'll finish the work soon.= With your help , I'll finish the work soon. 如果你帮助我,我将很快完成工作。 助记:if引导的条件状语从句(if)条件句,放在前,逗号要放主句前;(if)条件句,表条件,主将从现是关键。 【典例】 1.如果你经常听英文歌曲,你将会喜欢英语。 If you often English songs, you English. 2.如果我明天有空,我会和你一起去那里。 I will go there with you free tomorrow. 3.If I travel to Kunming next week, I ________ you a postcard. A.send B.sent C.will send D.am sending 4.You’ll miss the interesting details in the story ________ you pay special attention. A.unless B.as long as C.if D.because 5.If our government ________ attention to the food safety now, our health ________ in danger. A.won’t pay; is B.doesn’t pay; is C.won’t pay; will be D.doesn’t pay; will be 【考点13】He's walking on a narrow plank, not worried about the height.他走在一块狭窄的木板上,并不担心这个高度。 【详解1】narrow adj. 狭窄的;窄小的 →(反义词)wide:宽的 短语:a narrow escape 死里逃生 narrow-minded 心胸狭窄的 【拓展】narrow 还可以作动词,意为“使缩小,压缩;使变窄”。 例句:We should narrow the gap between rich and poor. 我们应该缩小贫富之间的差距。 【详解2】(be)worried about 担心;担忧 例句:Every time the exam is over, I will be worried about the results. 每次考试结束后,我都会担心考试成绩。 【拓展】 ① worry about 担心;担忧;是动词短语,强调动作。be worried about 侧重状态。 ② worried 用于形容人感到担忧的;worrying 多用于修饰事物,意为“令人担忧的”。 ③ worry 的用法 (1)worry后面可接宾语从句,意为“担心,担忧”。 如:I always worried that I couldn't pass the exam.我总是担心我考试不能通过。 (2)worry作及物动词,还可以跟sb.作宾语,意为“使担心,使发愁”。 如:Nothing worries me.没有什么让我发愁。 (3) worry作不及物动词,常单独使用或与about连用,意为“担心某人或某事物”。 如:Don't worry. Everything will be OK.  别担心。一切都会没事的。 I have nothing to worry about.  我没什么可担心的。 (4)worry作不可数名词意为“烦恼,担忧”;作可数名词意为“令人烦恼的人或事物”。 如:He has no worry at all.    他没有一点烦恼。 She is full of worries.      她有种种烦恼。 【典例】 1.不要担心,今天下午天就会晴的。 . It will be sunny this afternoon. 2. 朵拉的妈妈非常担心她并叮嘱她要注意安全。 Dora’s mother her very much and asked her to be careful. 【考点14】Yao Yuan is active in our community.姚元在我们的社区很活跃。 【详解】active adj. 忙碌的;活跃的 community:社区 【拓展】actively adv. 积极地;活跃地 activity: n. 活动 take an active in: 积极参加 be active in: 在......中积极参与 【典例】 1.她积极参加学校活动。 She in school life. 【考点15】Yao Yuan also use his time wisely.姚元也合理地利用他的时间。 【详解】wisely adv. 明智地 【词汇拓展】wisely adv.→ wise adj. 明智的(unwise adj. 不明智的)→ wisdom n. 智慧 【常考句型】It’s wise of sb. to do sth. 某人做某事是明智的... 【典例】用所给词的正确形式填空。 1.It’s really wise of you (join) the club. You have so many friends now. 2.There is truth in an old saying that comes with age. (wise) 3.Work hard and learn (wise), and then you will make progress. 【考点16】What does she do? 她是做什么的? 【详解】询问职业的句型 ①What do/ does sb. do? ② What is/ are+主语? ③ What is sb's job? 【典例】1.—What does your father do? —_______. A.He is a man B.He is 30 years old C.He is a doctor D.He is kind Grammar:定冠词 the的用法 ⑴ 特指某(些)人或某(些)事物。 如:The girl in red is my sister. The man with a flower in his hand is Jack. ⑵ 指谈话双方都熟悉的人或事物。 如:Pass me the ball, please. // Open the door, please. ⑶ 指上文已经提到的人或事物。 如:I bought a pen yesterday. The pen is for my brother. I saw a film last night. The film is about Jim. / There is a man under the tree. The man is called Robert. ⑷ 用在世界上独一无二的名词前。 如:The sun rises from the east. The earth turns around the sun. ⑸ 用在序数词、形容词最高级(副词最高级前the可省略)以及表示方位的名词的前面。 如:Who is the first one to go? Of all the stars, the sun is the nearest to the earth. There will be strong wind to the south of the Yangtze River. 【提醒】序数词前通常要加the,但表示在原来基础上另加一(个)时,则在序数词前加a。如:a second language (除母语外的)第二语言 ⑹ 用在与play连用的西洋乐器名词前构成固定搭配“play+the+乐器名称”。 如:play the piano/the violin /guitar ⑺ 用在江河、湖泊、海洋、山脉、群岛等名称的前面。 如:the Changjiang River;the Pacific Ocean;the West Lake。 ⑻ 用在由普通名词构成的专有名词前(如:国家名称、机关团体、阶级)等。 如:the Great Wall;the Forbidden City;the Red Army; He is from the United States of America. ⑼ 用在姓氏的复数形式前,表示全家人或夫妇二人。 如:The Lis have moved to Beijing.  The Greens are going to Mount Emei next month. ⑽ 用在某些形容词前,表示一类人或事物。 如:the poor穷人;the blind盲人;the rich富人;the old老人;the sick病人。 ⑾ 用于单数可数名词前,泛指某一类。 如:The horse is a useful animal. ⑿ 用于“动词+sb.+介词+the+身体部位”。 如:He catch me by the arm. She hit him on the nose. I looked him in the face. ⒀ 用在表示“……世纪……年代”的结构前,年份后面加“-s”。 如:in the 1990s在二十世纪九十年代 ⒁ 用在一些习惯用语中。 如:in the sky在天空中;in the middle of…在……的中间;all the year round一年到头;at the same time (与此同时);make the bed(铺床);in the end(最后);all the time(一直);by the way(顺便说一下);on the way(在路上);in the morning (afternoon, evening);on the left(right);at the end of等。 【典例】 1.That is ________ important key. It’s ________ key to the locker. A.the; an B.an; the C.a; the D.the; a 2.Earth is ________ only home to everyone. Let’s try to make it ________ greener world to live in. A.an; the B.the; a C.an; a D.an; a 3. Windy wants to play ________ guitar, but her sister wants to play ________ Chinese chess. A.the; the B.the; / C./; the 4.—How do you like ________ trip to Mount Tai? —Wonderful! We all had ________ great time there. A.a; a B.the; a C.a; the D.an; an 5.There’s ________ chemistry lab in my new school. It’s on ________ third floor. A.a; the B.an; a C.an; the D.a; an 6.My brother Robert keeps playing ________ violin for half ________ hour every morning. A./; the B.the; a C./; an D.the; an 7.________ Whites will visit ________ USA next month. A.The; the B.The; an C./; an D./;the 8. _______apple _______ day keeps _______ doctor away! A.A; a; the B.An; a; the C.The; a; a D.An; the; the 9.The businessman has promised to help ________ poor in west China. A./ B.a C.an D.the 48.— What’s ________ matter with you? — I have ________ fever. A.a; the B.the; \ C.\; a D.the; a 10.Wang Hua says he would like to be ________ artist in ________ future. A.an; / B.an; the C.the; / D.the; the 11.Hong Kong returned to China in ________ 1990s. A.an B./ C.a D.the 12. Suqian is beautiful city in north of Jiangsu Province. A.a; / B.a; the C./; a D.the; a 13.What’s _______ weather like in _______ Europe country? A.the; a B./; a C.the; / D./; the 14. Linda is only ________ 8-year-old girl, but she can play ________ violin well. A.a; the B.the; an C.an; the D.the; a 15.— Do you think ________ film YOLO is exciting? — Yes, it tells us ________ unusual story. A.the; a B.the; an C.an; an D.an; a 二、用a,an,the或/填空。 1.Beijing is beautiful city. It’s capital of China. 2. blue postcard and the white notebook are from my grandfather. 3.I have apple every day for breakfast. 4.Zhang Ming is always first student to get to the classroom. 5.My mother has red scarf, and she wears it in winter. 6.My friend Daniel is from Canada, but he is in China now. 7.Alice is my sister, and she is eight-year-old girl. 8. interesting storybook and pen are in my bag. 9.I heard someone playing piano in next room. 10. Can you play drums in the school music party? 一.语音 【典例】从下列每组单词中找出一个划线部分与其他单词发音不同的单词。 1.A.wear B.hear C.bear D.pear 2.A.heart B.tear C.appear D.year 3.选出单词中划线部分与所给音标发音相同的一项。 /ʊə/ A.tour B.blouse C.pair D.near 二、将下面方框中单词画线部分发音按音标归类,并将单词填写到相应的横线上。 point        shout            hear     total                poor around         area                join             sure             radio 1./ aʊ / 2./ əʊ / 3./ ɔɪ / 4./ ɪə / 5./ʊə / 二、主题词汇拓展 人物外貌词汇 beautiful adj. 漂亮的 handsome adj. 帅气的 tall adj. 高的 short adj. 矮的 fat adj. 胖的 thin / slim adj. 瘦的 / 苗条的 strong adj. 强壮的 weak adj. 虚弱的 人物性格词汇 lazy adj. 懒惰的 hard-working adj. 勤奋的 polite adj. 有礼貌的 clever / smart adj. 聪明的 strict adj. 要求严格的 brave adj. 勇敢的 人物职业词汇 teacher n. 老师 police officer n. 警察 cook n. 厨师 dentist n. 牙医 worker n. 工人 farmer n. 农民 lawyer n. 律师 engineer n. 工程师 scientist n. 科学家 painter n. 画家 三、书面表达 【典例1】Write a passage of at least 70 words about the topic “the person I love most”.(以我最喜欢的人为题写一篇不少于70个词的短文。) Suggested questions(以下问题仅供参考): 1、 Who do you love most? 2、 Why do you like him/her? The person I love most ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ 【典例2】母爱情深,母爱无价;学会感恩,学会回报,某英语网站举办以“My mother”为题的英语征文活动。请你根据下列思维导图提供的信息,写一篇短文,介绍自己的母亲和你的真情故事。 提示: 1. 短文应包括导图中的全部信息,条理清楚,行文连贯,段落分明; 2. 短文中不能出现真实的人名和地名 3. 词数不少于70,开头已给出;不计入总词数 We need love. We also need to love. The person I love most is my mother. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【典例3】假设你是班长,请根据下列提示写一篇人物介绍,向同学们介绍你的化学老师Hanson。 要点如下:1. 这位老师名Hanson,40岁左右,又矮又瘦,戴着一副深度近视眼镜; 2. 对学生要求严格,认真备课,认真批改(correct)作业;     3. 教学方法不同于别人,课上得很生动。鼓励学生思考,培养(develop)学生自学能力; 4. 常和学生一起进行体育活动,和蔼可亲,深受学生的爱戴和尊重。 词数80个左右(文章的开头已给出,不计入词数) My Chemistry Teacher ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1 / 14 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$ Unit 1 People around us Unit 1 重点 词汇 名词:advice /ədˈvaɪs/ n. 建议 community /kəˈmju:nəti/ n. 社区 future /ˈfju:tʃə(r)/ n. 将来; 未来 attention /əˈtenʃ(ə)n/ n.专心; 注意力 relative /ˈrelətɪv/ n. 亲戚; 亲属 uniform /ˈju:nɪfɔːm/ n. 制服; 校服 personality /ˌpɜːsəˈnæləti/ n. 性格; 个性 characteristic /ˌkærəktəˈrɪstɪk/ n. 特点; 品质 topic /ˈtɒpɪk/ n. 话题; 标题 smartphone /ˈsmɑ:tfəʊn/ n. 智能手机 competition /ˌkɒmpəˈtɪʃ(ə)n/ n. 比赛; 竞赛 shower /ˈʃaʊə(r)/ n. 淋浴 superman /ˈsuːpəmæn/ n. 超人 动词: encourage /ɪnˈkʌrɪdʒ/ v. 鼓励; 激励 retire /rɪˈtaɪə(r)/ v. (令)退职; (使)退休 形容词:cheerful /ˈtʃɪəf(ə)l/ adj. 快乐的; 高兴的 medical /ˈmedɪk(ə)l/ adj. 医学的; 医疗的 *fried /fraid/ adj. 油炸的; 油煎的; 油炒的 smart /sma:t/ adj. 聪明的; 机敏的 bored /bɔːd/ adj. (对某人/事物)厌倦的; 烦闷的 strict /strɪkt/ adj. 要求严格的; 严厉的 active /ˈæktɪv/ adj. 忙碌的; 活跃的 online /ˌɒnˈlaɪn/ adj. 在线的 narrow /ˈnærəʊ/ adj. 狭窄的; 窄小的 副词:seldom /ˈseldəm/ adv. 不常; 很少; 难得 soon /su:n/ adv. 很快; 马上; 不久 wisely /ˈwaɪzli/ adv. 聪明地; 明智地 连词:wherever /weərˈevə(r)/ conj. 各处; 处处  重点 短语 give up 认输; 放弃 used to 曾经 in the future 在未来 be strict about 对……要求严格 be worried about 担心 其他短语:take care of 照顾 be patient with 对......有耐心 help sb do 帮助某人(做)… give sb advice给某人建议 feel bored 感到无聊的 work out 解决 protect from 保护免受……的伤害 bring up 抚养(成人) cook meals for 为……做饭:为......准备食物 give sb.support 给予某人支持 keep one's attention 保持某人的注意力 典型 句型 1.My mother always listens to me and give me advice.我妈妈总是听我说话,给我一些建议。 2.My father always encourages me to study hard and never give up.我的爸爸总是鼓励我努力学习,永不放弃。 3.My grandma used to be a doctor, but she retired many years ago.我奶奶以前是一名医生,但她多年前就退休了。 4.She is kind to everyone and very patient with people and she is always cheerful.她对每个人都很好,对人也很有耐心,而且她总是很高兴。 5.She gives them tips on how to stay healthy.她给了他们如何保持健康的建议。 6.Wherever I go in the future I will never forget the taste of her cooking.无论我将来走到哪里,我都永远不会忘记她烹饪的味道。 7.She is in hospital now.We are very worried and we hope she gets well soon.她现在在住院。我们很担心,希望她能早日康复。 8.He knows how to keep our attention in class and his lessons are always interesting.他知道如何在课堂上保持我们的注意力,他的课总是很有趣的。 9.That's why I seldom feel bored in his maths lessons.这就是为什么我很少对他的数学课感到无聊。 10.Mr Li is strict about our schoolwork but he gives us lots of support when we need help.李先生对我们的学校作业很严格,但在我们需要帮助时,他给了我们很多支持。 11.If we cannot work out a difficult maths problem, he will encourage us to think about it in a new way.如果我们不能解决一个数学难题,他就会鼓励我们以一种新的方式来思考它。 12.He's walking on a narrow plank, not worried about the height.他走在一块狭窄的木板上,并不担心这个高度。 13.Yao Yuan is active in our community.姚元在我们的社区很活跃。 14.Yao Yuan also use his time wisely.姚元也合理地利用他的时间。 15.What does she do? 她是做什么的? 语言目标 掌握双元音/ɪə/、/eə/、/ʊə/的发音及常见字母组合 语法目标 定冠词the的用法 写作目标 Writing an article about a person you like写一篇关于你喜欢的人的文章 【考点1】My mother always listens to me and give me advice.我妈妈总是听我说话,给我一些建议。 【详解】advice n. 建议(不可数名词)→ advise v. 建议 give sb. advice 给某人建议 a piece of advice 一则建议 some advice 一些建议 听从某人的建议:follow/ take one’s advice/ suggestions 【拓展】辨析advice 和suggestion 名词 用法 动词 用法 advice 不可数名词,无复数形式。 advise advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事 suggestion 可数名词,复数形式是suggestions. suggest suggest doing sth. 建议做某事 suggest (that) sb. (should) do sth. 【典例】 1.I think it is ________ good advice, and it’s really ________ useful suggestion. A.a; an B./; a C.a; a D./; an 【答案】B 【详解】句意:我认为这是个好建议,真的是个有用的建议。 考查冠词辨析。a一个,不定冠词,表泛指,用于以辅音音素开头的单词或字母前;an一个,不定冠词,表泛指,用于以元音音素开头的单词或字母前;the这个,定冠词,表特指。根据“I think it is…good advice”可知,空后advice为不可数名词,空处不填冠词;根据“it’s really…useful suggestion”可知,空后suggestion为可数名词,useful发音以辅音音素开头,空处应用不定冠词a。故选B。 2.My teacher often gives me ________ about how to study English well. A.some advice B.some suggestion C.an adivce D.good advices 【答案】A 【详解】句意:我的老师经常给我一些关于如何学好英语的建议。 考查可数名词与不可数名词。advice“建议”,不可数名词;suggestion“建议”,可数名词。根据“My teacher often gives me ... about how to study English well.”可知,此处指给我一些建议,应用some advice/suggestions。故选A。 3.________ you have offered me! I am out of trouble now. A.What valuable advice B.what valuable suggestion C.How a useful advice D.How useful suggestions 【答案】A 【详解】what引导的感叹句,表示what +adj n 后接主语+谓语,而how +adj /adv +主+谓,故选A 【考点2】My father always encourages me to study hard and never give up. 我的爸爸总是鼓励我努力学习,永不放弃。 【详解1】encourage v. 鼓励;激励 【拓展】①courage n. 勇气 ② encouragement n. 鼓励 ③ encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事 【详解2】give up 放弃 【拓展】give 相关的短语 give away 分发;赠送 give back 归还 give off 发出(光、热等) give out 分发;耗尽 give sb. a hand 帮助某人 give in 屈服;让步 give sb. sth.= give sth. to sb. 给某人某物 【典例】1.无论做什么,王老师都不放弃。 Whatever Miss Wang does, she never . 【答案】 gives up 【详解】考查动词短语。放弃give up。空处前面的主语she为第三人称单数,因此,空处需使用单数谓语动词。故填gives ;up。 妈妈总是鼓励我在早晨锻炼。 2.Mom always me in the morning. 【答案】 encourages to exercise 【详解】根据英汉对照可知,空格处填“鼓励(我)锻炼”,encourage sb. to do sth.“鼓励某人做某事”,固定短语, exercise“锻炼”。由“always”可知此句时态为一般现在时,主语“Mom”第三人称单数,谓语动词用三单形式。故填encourages;to;exercise。 3.Sun Shuang often helps his teachers to ________ exercise-books. A.give in B.give up C.give out D.give off 【答案】C 【详解】句意:孙双经常帮助他的老师们分发练习本。A. give in屈服;B. give up放弃;C. give out分发;D. give off炫耀。根据题意可知是分发练习本,这里用give out,根据题意,故选C。 【考点3】My grandma used to be a doctor, but she retired many years ago.我奶奶以前是一名医生,但她多年前就退休了。 【详解1】used to be: 曾经是 “used to +动词原形”表示过去常常做某事,通常用于描述过去的一种习惯或状态。否定形式为“didn't use to+动词原形”或“used not to +动词原形”。 例句:I used to go to school by bike. 我过去常常骑自行车上学。 He didn't use to smoke. 他过去不抽烟。 【拓展】be / get used to doing 习惯于...... I am / get used to getting up early.我习惯早起。 【详解2】retire: v. 退休 →retired adj. 退休的 (同时也是retire的过去式和过去分词) 例句:My father retired last year.我父亲去年退休了。 He is retired now. 他现在已经退休了。 【典例】1.The boy ________ up late, but now he gets up early. A.is used to get B.used to get C.is used to getting D.used to getting 【答案】B 【详解】句意:这个男孩过去常常起得很晚,但现在他起得很早。 考查动词短语。be used to do sth.被用来做某事;used to do sth.过去常常做某事;be used to doing习惯于做某事;used to doing表达错误。根据“but now he gets up early”可知,此句是说这个男孩过去常常起得晚,故选B。 2.I ________ late. But now I ________ up early. A.used to get up; am used to getting B.used to sleeping; am used to get C.am used to sleeping; used to get D.used to get up; am used for getting 【答案】A 【详解】句意:我过去常常起得很晚。但是现在我习惯早起。 考查动词短语。used to do sth.过去常常做某事;get up起床;sleep“睡觉”,动词;be used to doing sth.习惯于做某事;be used for doing sth.被用来做某事。分析句子结构,由“But now”可知,第一空,应用used to do sth.表示过去常做某事,排除B和C;第二空,此处是指“我”现在习惯了早起,应用be used to doing,排除D。故选A。 3.你过去常常晚饭后散步吗? Did you take a walk after dinner? 【答案】use to 【详解】used to do sth“过去常常做某事”,did后面的动词用原形,故填use to。 4.我过去常常看到他每天在图书馆里读书。 I see him reading in the library every day. 【答案】 used to 【详解】“过去常常做某事”为used to do sth.,为动词短语,故填used;to。 【考点4】She is kind to everyone and very patient with people and she is always cheerful.她对每个人都很好,对人也很有耐心,而且她总是很高兴。 【详解1】be kind to : 对......友善的= be friendly to 【详解2】cheerful:adj. 欢快的,高兴的。同义词:glad,happy。 【拓展】cheer v. (为......)欢呼,加油 短语:cheer sb. up 使某人振奋起来/ 使某人开心 例句:She told him a funny story to cheer him up. 她给她讲了一个有趣的故事,让他开心起来。 【详解3】patient:adj. 有耐心的 → impatient 没有耐心的 短语:be patient with sb. v. 对…有耐心 【拓展】patient 还可以作名词,意为“病人”。 例句:The doctor is patient with his patients. 这名医生对他的病人们很有耐心。 【典例】1. 她的同学对她都友好。 Her classmates all her. 【答案】 are friendly/ kind to 【详解】对照中英文可知,空处意为“对……友好”,译成:be friendly/kind to,主语Her classmates是复数,be动词用are。故填are;friendly/kind;to。 2.When others don’t understand, you should be patient ________ them. A.to B.at C.with 【答案】C 【详解】句意:当别人不理解时,你应该对他们有耐心。 考查介词辨析。to朝向;at在几点或小地点;with和。be patient with sb表示“对某人有耐心”,为固定用法。故选C。 3.—Cheer up! Don’t give up! You will get better! —__________ A.That’s very kind of you! B.Don’t say that to me! C.Why do you help me? D.You must be joking! 【答案】A 【详解】句意:——振作起来!不要放弃!你会好起来的!——你真是太好了! 考查情景交际。That’s very kind of you!你真是太好了;Don’t say that to me!别对我说那种话;Why do you help me你为什么帮我;You must be joking你肯定是在开玩笑。根据“Cheer up! Don’t give up! You will get better!”可知,这是一种鼓励和安慰的表达,适合的回应应该是对这种鼓励表示感谢和认可,“That’s very kind of you!”符合语境。故选A。 【考点5】She gives them tips on how to stay healthy.她给了他们如何保持健康的建议。 【详解1】tip 诀窍;小费 gives sb. tips on :就......给某人建议 【详解2】“how to stay healthy”为“疑问词+动词不定式”结构,作介词on的宾语。动词不定式可以和what、which、who、when、where、how等连用,构成 “疑问词+to do” 结构,在句中可以作主语、宾语或表语等成分。 例句:I don't know what to do next. 我不知道接下来做什么。 【典例】1.This problem is too hard. Can you tell me ________ it finally? A.what to solve B.how to solve C.when to solve 【答案】B 【详解】句意:这个问题太难了,你能告诉我最后怎么解吗? 考查疑问词+不定式。根据“This problem is too hard.”可知,这里是指“怎么”解决,how表示“怎么”。故选B。 2.There are so many kinds of ties here. I don’t know ________. A.how to buy B.to buy what C.which to buy D.to buy which 【答案】C 【详解】句意:这里有很多种领带。我不知道该买哪一个。 考查“疑问词+不定式”作宾语。当从句中省略主语和助动词时,用动词不定式连接。根据“There are so many kinds of ties here.”可知,款式多,不知道买哪一个,which“哪一个”。故选C。 3.—Excuse me, can you tell me ________ to get to the post office, please? —Of course. Walk up Kingswell Street and turn left onto Green Road. A.where B.when C.how D.why 【答案】C 【详解】句意:——打扰一下,你能告诉我怎么去邮局吗?——当然。沿着金斯韦尔街走,左转到格林路。 考查特殊疑问词辨析。where哪里;when什么时候;how怎么样;why为什么。根据“Walk up Kingswell Street and turn left onto Green Road.”可知,此处是问怎样到达邮局,故选C。 【考点6】Wherever I go in the future I will never forget the taste of her cooking.无论我将来走到哪里,我都永远不会忘记她烹饪的味道。 【详解1】 “wherever”意为“各处,处处”。通常用作连词,引导状语从句,意为“无论哪里”。 另有whenever,however,whichever,whatever等作连词,引导状语从句。 例句:The puppy followed the girl wherever she went. 无论小女孩去哪里,小狗都跟着她。 【详解2】future n. 未来;将来。短语“in the future”意为“在将来”,常与一般将来时连用。 例句: He hopes he will be able to fly in the future. 他希望在未来他能够飞起来。 【典例】1.____ you come, you can see beautiful flowers in our school yard. A.Whatever B.Wherever C.Whenever D.Whoever 【答案】C 【详解】句意:无论你何时来,总能在我们校园里看到美丽的花朵。whatever意为无论什么,wherever意为无论哪里,whenever意为无论何时,whoever意为无论谁。考查连词辨析,结合句意可知,答案选C。 2. 无论你去哪里,记住你是中国人。(wherever) 【答案】Remember you are Chinese wherever you go. 【详解】根据汉语提示和英文提示“wherever”可知,句子是whenever引导的让步状语从句+祈使句。Wherever“无论你到哪里”;祈使句以动词原形开头,此处为remember“记住”,首字母应大写;remember后跟that引导的宾语从句,that可省略,且宾语从句用陈述句语序,you are Chinese“你是中国人”。故填Remember you are Chinese wherever you go. 【考点7】She is in hospital now.We are very worried and we hope she gets well soon.她现在在住院。我们很担心,希望她能早日康复。 【详解1】in hospital: 住院 (辨析:in the hospital 在医院里) 【详解2】soon adv. 很快;马上;不久; 作时间状语,通常用于将来时。也可用于其他时态,根据具体语境而定。 I will finish my homework soon.我会很快完成作业。 She is going to travel to Europe soon.她不久将要去欧洲旅行。 I soon realized the mistake.我很快意识到犯了错误。 The aspirins soon take effect.阿司匹林药品很快见效。 【拓展】How soon “多久之后;还要多久”针对时间进行提问,与一般将来时连用。通常用“in+时间段”来回答,“in”表示“......后”。 --How soon will you get up? 你多久才能起床? --In an hour. 一个小时以后。 【典例】1.Today I will go to _________ to see my friend. She is ill in _________. A.the hospital; hospital B.hospital; hospital C.hospital; the hospital D.the hospital; the hospital 【答案】A 【详解】句意:今天我要去医院看望一位朋友。她生病住院了。 考查冠词用法。根据“to see my friend”可知,“介词+the+场所名词”表示在某个场所,go to the hospital“去医院”,表示去医院探望朋友;根据“is ill in”可知,“介词+场所名词”表示抽象活动,be in hospital“住院”。故选A。 2.—How soon will the new term begin? —________. A.In 2 weeks B.Twice a week C.For 2 weeks 【答案】A 【详解】句意:——新学期多久以后开始?——两周后。 考查介词短语。In 2 weeks两周后,用于一般将来时;Twice a week一周两次,表示频率;For 2 weeks两周,表示一段时间。根据问句中“how soon多久以后”的提示,空处的短语应为“两周后”,故选A。 3.— will I receive the T-shirt, Madam? —In two or three days, boy. A.How long B.How soon C.How many D.How far 【答案】B 【详解】句意:——你过多久会收到体恤衫,夫人?——两,三天后,男孩。A. How long 多长,通常指做某事用多长时间;   B. How soon 多久,指将来某个动作发生这段时间提问,常用于一般将来时态中, C. How many多少,后用可数名词复数;   D. How far多远;故选B 点睛:how much多少,后用不可数名词;how many多少,后用可数名词复数;how long多长,主要对一段时间进行提问,例如:How long do you wtach TV at weekend?;how often多久,对频率进行提问,例如:How often do you go home?Once a week.;how  soon多久,指将来某个动作发生这段时间提问,常用于一般将来时态中,例如:How soon will you come back? 【考点8】He is really smart.他真的很聪明。 【详解】smart adj. 聪明的;机敏的 近义词 clever。 【典例】1.—What do you think of Wang Mei? —She is a ________ girl. She is good at all her subjects. A.smart B.lazy C.noisy D.scary 【答案】A 【详解】句意:——你觉得王梅怎么样?——她是一个聪明的女孩。她所有的功课都很好。 考查形容词辨析。smart聪明的;lazy懒惰的;noisy吵闹的;scary可怕的。根据“She is good at all her subjects.”可知,她是一个聪明的女孩。故选A。 【考点9】He knows how to keep our attention in class and his lessons are always interesting.他知道如何在课堂上保持我们的注意力,他的课总是很有趣的。 【详解】 attention n. 专心,注意力 keep one's attention 保持某人的注意力 【拓展】常用短语:pay attention to(介词)+ sth/ doing sth. 当心;注意 attract/draw/catch one's attention 吸引某人的注意力 例句:We should pay more attention to environment protection. 我们应该更加重视环境保护。 【典例】 1.—What should I do to improve my spoken English? —You need to pay attention to ________ as much as possible. A.speak B.speaking C.speaks D.spoken 【答案】B 【详解】句意:——我应该做什么来提高我的英语口语?——你需要注意尽可能多地说英语。 考查动名词作宾语。speak讲,动词原形;speaking讲,动名词或现在分词;speaks讲,speak的三单形式;spoken讲,过去分词。动词短语pay attention to doing sth表示“注意做某事”,因此应用动名词speaking作宾语。故选B。 2.在服装店里的那件连衣裙吸引了她的注意力。 The dress which is at the clothes shop her . 【答案】 drew/caught attention/eye 【详解】由中英文对照分析,空处表示“吸引注意力”,draw one’s attention/catch one’s eye“吸引某人的注意力”,根据中文语境分析可知,时态为一般过去时,谓语动词用过去式。故填drew/caught;attention/eye。 【考点10】That's why I seldom feel bored in his maths lessons.这就是为什么我很少对他的数学课感到无聊。 【详解1】“That's why...”意为“这就是为什么;这就是.....的原因”。 【拓展】辨析that's why 和that's because 辨析 用法 例句 that's why... 后接某事产生的结果,含义是“这就是为什么...”。 He was ill. That’s why he was sent to the hospital.  他病了,所以被送到医院来。 that's because... 后接某事发生的原因,含义是“那是...的原因”。 He was sent to the hospital. That’s because he was ill. 他被送到医院,是因为他生病了。 【详解2】seldom adv. 不常;很少;难得 【拓展】 频度副词的用法 【详解3】bored:adj. (感到)无聊的 【拓展】辨析boring 和bored 辨析 用法 一言辨析 boring adj. 主要用于修饰事物的特征。 She feels bored because this film is boring. 她感到很无聊这部电影很无趣。 bored adj. 主要用于描述人的感受。 【典例】 1.用that's why 和that's because填空。 ① I was late for the meeting this morning. __________ I met an old friend on the way. ②I met an old friend on the way, and __________ I was late for the meeting this morn 【答案】:①That's because ②. that’s why 【解析】that's because 后接某事发生的原因,含义是“那是...的原因”;that's why 后接某事产生的结果,含义是“这就是为什么...”。因此,第一句填:that was because第二句填: that was why。 2.The job is ________. It always makes me feel ________. A.boring, bored B.boring, boring C.bored, boring D.bored, bored 【答案】A 【详解】句意:这份工作很没趣,它总是让我感到无聊。 考查形容词辨析。boring用来形容物品让人感到无聊;bored用来形容人感到无聊。因此,第一空用boring修饰job;第二空用bored修饰me。故选A。 3. He is ________ the soccer team. That’s ________ he plays soccer better than us. A.at; because B.in; why C.on; why D.in; because 【答案】C 【详解】句意:他是足球队的一员。那是为什么他踢足球踢得比我们好的原因。 考查介词和表语从句。at指具体的某个点;in在某物里面;on在某物上面;because因为;why为什么。表示“足球队的一员”用“on the soccer team”,第一空填介词“on”。根据“he plays soccer better than us”可知后面是结果,用“why”引导表语从句。故选C。 4.——________ your brother a member of the basketball team? ——No, he ________ plays basketball. A.Does; seldom B.Do; always C.Is; seldom D.Is; always 【答案】C 【详解】句意:——你哥哥是篮球队的成员吗?——不,他很少打篮球。 考查系动词和副词辨析。seldom很少;always总是。根据“a member of the basketball team”可知,第一空是系表结构,排除选项A和B;根据回答“No”可知,seldom“很少”打篮球符合语境。故选C。 5.Tom ________ goes shopping because he is ________ busy working. A.often; always B.never; seldom C.usually; often D.seldom; always 【答案】D 【详解】句意:汤姆很少去购物,因为他总是忙于工作。 考查频度副词。often经常;always总是;never从不;seldom很少;usually通常。根据“because he is … busy working”结合语境可知,应是他总是忙于工作,因此很少去购物,这样才符合逻辑。故选D。 【考点11】Mr Li is strict about our schoolwork but he gives us lots of support when we need help.李先生对我们的学校作业很严格,但在我们需要帮助时,他给了我们很多支持。 【详解】strict adj.要求严格的;严厉的 【拓展】be strict about sth:对某事要求严格 例句:She is very strict about things like homework. 她对家庭作业之类事很严格。 be strict with sb.:对某人要求严格 例句:Parents should not be too strict with teenagers. 父母不应该对青少年要求太严格。 【典例】1.My English teacher is always strict ________ our studies, and she often says we should be strict ________ ourselves. A.about; about B.with; with C.about; with D.with; about 【答案】C 【详解】句意:我的英语老师对我们的学习总是很严格,她经常说我们应该严格要求自己。 考查介词辨析。about关于;with和。be strict about sth意为 “对某事要求严格”,be strict with sb意为 “对某人要求严格”,our study为事物,应用about,ourselves指人,应用with。故选C。 【考点12】If we cannot work out a difficult maths problem, he will encourage us to think about it in a new way.如果我们不能解决一个数学难题,他就会鼓励我们以一种新的方式来思考它。 【详解1】这是由if引导的条件状语从句,主句用一般将来时,从句则用一般现在时,即“主将从现”。 例句: He will help you if you ask him. = If you ask him, he will help you.如果你问他,他会帮助你。 【要点复习】 1. if意为“如果”,引导条件状语从句,既可放在主句前面,也可放在主句后面。若if条件句放在句首,从句后面要加逗号与主句隔开。 If you go there , I'll go , too.如果你去那儿,我也会去。 My mother will take me to the park if she is free.我妈妈如果有空,就会带我去公园。 2.时态运用在含有if引导的条件状语从句的主从复合句中,主句有下列情况之一时,从句要用一般现在时表示将来意义。 (1)主句是一般将来时。 (2)主句谓语含有情态动词may/might/can/must/should 等。 (3)主句是祈使句 3.句型转换 (1)借助“祈使句+and/or+句子(一般将来时)”这一句型来转换。其中,在句意上 and表示顺承;or 表示转折,意为“否则”。 If you study hard , you’ll pass the exam easily.= Study hard and you’ll pass the exam easily. 努力学习,你将很容易通过考试。 (2)借助 without 或 with 来转换条件状语从句。 If there is no water , fish will die.= Fish will die without water.如果没有水,鱼将会死。 If you help me , I'll finish the work soon.= With your help , I'll finish the work soon. 如果你帮助我,我将很快完成工作。 助记:if引导的条件状语从句(if)条件句,放在前,逗号要放主句前;(if)条件句,表条件,主将从现是关键。 【典例】 1.如果你经常听英文歌曲,你将会喜欢英语。 If you often English songs, you English. 【答案】 listen to will love/like 【详解】对比中英文可知,空处缺少“听”和“将会喜欢”;结合英文题干和汉语提示可知,句子为含if引导的条件状语从句的主从复合句,遵循“主将从现”原则;根据“often”可知,从句时态为一般现在时,主句则用一般将来时;listen to“听”,动词短语;主语为“you”,谓语动词应用原形;like/love“喜欢”,动词;主句时态为一般将来时,其结构为will do。故填listen;to;will;like/love。 2.如果我明天有空,我会和你一起去那里。 I will go there with you free tomorrow. 【答案】 if I am 【详解】根据中英文比对可知,缺“如果我有空”,根据“I will go there with you...free tomorrow. ”可知,这里是if引导的条件状语从句,主句是一般将来时,从句用一般现在时,即“主将从现”;be free“有空”,主语是I,be用am。故填if;I;am。 3.If I travel to Kunming next week, I ________ you a postcard. A.send B.sent C.will send D.am sending 【答案】C 【详解】句意:如果下周去昆明旅游,我将给你寄一张明信片。 考查时态。根据“If I travel to Kunming next week, I ... you a postcard.”可知,此句为if引导的条件状语从句,主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时。故选C。 4.You’ll miss the interesting details in the story ________ you pay special attention. A.unless B.as long as C.if D.because 【答案】A 【详解】句意:除非你特别注意,否则你会错过故事中有趣的细节。 考查连词辨析。unless除非;as long as只要;if如果;because因为。“you pay special attention”是“You’ll miss the interesting details in the story”的否定条件,因此应用unless来引导条件状语从句。故选A。 5.If our government ________ attention to the food safety now, our health ________ in danger. A.won’t pay; is B.doesn’t pay; is C.won’t pay; will be D.doesn’t pay; will be 【答案】D 【详解】句意:如果我们的政府现在不重视食品安全,我们的健康将处于危险之中。 考查动词时态。if引导的条件状语从句,遵循主将从现原则,从句用一般现在时,主句用一般将来时“will do”,故选D。 【考点13】He's walking on a narrow plank, not worried about the height.他走在一块狭窄的木板上,并不担心这个高度。 【详解1】narrow adj. 狭窄的;窄小的 →(反义词)wide:宽的 短语:a narrow escape 死里逃生 narrow-minded 心胸狭窄的 【拓展】narrow 还可以作动词,意为“使缩小,压缩;使变窄”。 例句:We should narrow the gap between rich and poor. 我们应该缩小贫富之间的差距。 【详解2】(be)worried about 担心;担忧 例句:Every time the exam is over, I will be worried about the results. 每次考试结束后,我都会担心考试成绩。 【拓展】 ① worry about 担心;担忧;是动词短语,强调动作。be worried about 侧重状态。 ② worried 用于形容人感到担忧的;worrying 多用于修饰事物,意为“令人担忧的”。 ③ worry 的用法 (1)worry后面可接宾语从句,意为“担心,担忧”。 如:I always worried that I couldn't pass the exam.我总是担心我考试不能通过。 (2)worry作及物动词,还可以跟sb.作宾语,意为“使担心,使发愁”。 如:Nothing worries me.没有什么让我发愁。 (3) worry作不及物动词,常单独使用或与about连用,意为“担心某人或某事物”。 如:Don't worry. Everything will be OK.  别担心。一切都会没事的。 I have nothing to worry about.  我没什么可担心的。 (4)worry作不可数名词意为“烦恼,担忧”;作可数名词意为“令人烦恼的人或事物”。 如:He has no worry at all.    他没有一点烦恼。 She is full of worries.      她有种种烦恼。 【典例】 1.不要担心,今天下午天就会晴的。 . It will be sunny this afternoon. 【答案】 Don’t worry 【详解】对照中英文,设空处缺“不要担心”,其英语表达为“don’t worry”,为固定表达。故填Don’t;worry。 2. 朵拉的妈妈非常担心她并叮嘱她要注意安全。 Dora’s mother her very much and asked her to be careful. 【答案】 was worried about 【详解】对比中英文可知,空处缺少“担心”,其英语表达为be worried about,形容词短语;根据“and asked her to be careful”可知,句子时态为一般过去时,主语“Dora’s mother”为第三人称单数,be动词用was。故填was;worried;about。 【考点14】Yao Yuan is active in our community.姚元在我们的社区很活跃。 【详解】active adj. 忙碌的;活跃的 community:社区 【拓展】actively adv. 积极地;活跃地 activity: n. 活动 take an active in: 积极参加 be active in: 在......中积极参与 【典例】 1.她积极参加学校活动。 She in school life. 【答案】 takes an active part 【详解】结合语境可知,该句考查take part in“参加……”。active“积极的”,形容词,作定语修饰名词part。take an active part in“积极参加”符合语境;主语是she 为第三人称单数,动词用takes。故填 takes an active;part。 【考点15】Yao Yuan also use his time wisely.姚元也合理地利用他的时间。 【详解】wisely adv. 明智地 【词汇拓展】wisely adv.→ wise adj. 明智的(unwise adj. 不明智的)→ wisdom n. 智慧 【常考句型】It’s wise of sb. to do sth. 某人做某事是明智的... 【典例】用所给词的正确形式填空。 1.It’s really wise of you (join) the club. You have so many friends now. 【答案】to join 【详解】句意:你加入这个俱乐部真是太明智了。你现在有这么多朋友。根据“It’s really wise of you...the club.”可知,选择加入俱乐部是明智的。考查的是it is+形容词+of sb to do sth.“某人做某事是……的”,这里的形容词是形容人的品质、品德等。故填to join。 2.There is truth in an old saying that comes with age. (wise) 【答案】wisdom 【详解】句意:有句老话是有道理的:年长智高。分析句子结构,that引导的是an old saying的同位词从句,因此此处应用wise的名词wisdom作主语,是不可数名词。故填wisdom。 3.Work hard and learn (wise), and then you will make progress. 【答案】wisely 【详解】句意:努力学习,明智地学习,然后你就会进步。分析句子结构可知,此处应用所给词的副词形式,在句中作状语。故填wisely。 【考点16】What does she do? 她是做什么的? 【详解】询问职业的句型 ①What do/ does sb. do? ② What is/ are+主语? ③ What is sb's job? 【典例】1.—What does your father do? —_______. A.He is a man B.He is 30 years old C.He is a doctor D.He is kind 【答案】C 【详解】句意:——你爸爸是做什么的?——他是一名医生。 考查情景交际。He is a man他是一个男人;He is 30 years old他30岁了;He is a doctor他是一名医生;He is kind他很善良。根据“What does your father do?”可知,此处问的是职业,C选项符合语境,故选C。 Grammar:定冠词 the的用法 ⑴ 特指某(些)人或某(些)事物。 如:The girl in red is my sister. The man with a flower in his hand is Jack. ⑵ 指谈话双方都熟悉的人或事物。 如:Pass me the ball, please. // Open the door, please. ⑶ 指上文已经提到的人或事物。 如:I bought a pen yesterday. The pen is for my brother. I saw a film last night. The film is about Jim. / There is a man under the tree. The man is called Robert. ⑷ 用在世界上独一无二的名词前。 如:The sun rises from the east. The earth turns around the sun. ⑸ 用在序数词、形容词最高级(副词最高级前the可省略)以及表示方位的名词的前面。 如:Who is the first one to go? Of all the stars, the sun is the nearest to the earth. There will be strong wind to the south of the Yangtze River. 【提醒】序数词前通常要加the,但表示在原来基础上另加一(个)时,则在序数词前加a。如:a second language (除母语外的)第二语言 ⑹ 用在与play连用的西洋乐器名词前构成固定搭配“play+the+乐器名称”。 如:play the piano/the violin /guitar ⑺ 用在江河、湖泊、海洋、山脉、群岛等名称的前面。 如:the Changjiang River;the Pacific Ocean;the West Lake。 ⑻ 用在由普通名词构成的专有名词前(如:国家名称、机关团体、阶级)等。 如:the Great Wall;the Forbidden City;the Red Army; He is from the United States of America. ⑼ 用在姓氏的复数形式前,表示全家人或夫妇二人。 如:The Lis have moved to Beijing.  The Greens are going to Mount Emei next month. ⑽ 用在某些形容词前,表示一类人或事物。 如:the poor穷人;the blind盲人;the rich富人;the old老人;the sick病人。 ⑾ 用于单数可数名词前,泛指某一类。 如:The horse is a useful animal. ⑿ 用于“动词+sb.+介词+the+身体部位”。 如:He catch me by the arm. She hit him on the nose. I looked him in the face. ⒀ 用在表示“……世纪……年代”的结构前,年份后面加“-s”。 如:in the 1990s在二十世纪九十年代 ⒁ 用在一些习惯用语中。 如:in the sky在天空中;in the middle of…在……的中间;all the year round一年到头;at the same time (与此同时);make the bed(铺床);in the end(最后);all the time(一直);by the way(顺便说一下);on the way(在路上);in the morning (afternoon, evening);on the left(right);at the end of等。 【典例】 1.That is ________ important key. It’s ________ key to the locker. A.the; an B.an; the C.a; the D.the; a 【答案】B 【详解】句意:这是一把重要的钥匙。它是开这把锁的钥匙。 考查冠词。不定冠词a和an都可用于可数名词前,表示“一个”;an用在元音音素开头的可数名词前,a用在辅音音素开头的可数名词前;定冠词the表示特指。key钥匙,可数名词;important以元音音素开头,所以第一空用an;第二句话的“钥匙”指代上文提到的钥匙,表特指,用the。故选B。 2.Earth is ________ only home to everyone. Let’s try to make it ________ greener world to live in. A.an; the B.the; a C.an; a D.an; a 【答案】B 【详解】句意:地球是每个人的唯一家园。让我们努力使它成为一个更绿色的生活世界。 考查冠词辨析。an一个,不定冠词表泛指,位于以元音音素开头字母前;the这个,定冠词表特指;a一个,不定冠词表泛指,位于以辅音音素开头字母前。根据“Earth is…only home to everyone.”可知,此处指的是地球是每个人的唯一家园,表示特指地球,空处应为定冠词“the”;根据“Let’s try to make it…greener world to live in.”可知,此处泛指一个更绿色的世界,“greener”以辅音音素开头,空处应为不定冠词“a”。故选B。 3. Windy wants to play ________ guitar, but her sister wants to play ________ Chinese chess. A.the; the B.the; / C./; the 【答案】B 【详解】句意:温蒂想弹吉他,但她姐姐想下象棋。 考查冠词。play+the+乐器“弹……;拉……”,第一个空位于乐器guitar“吉他”前,填the。第二个空位于棋类chess“象棋”前,不用加冠词。故选B。 4.—How do you like ________ trip to Mount Tai? —Wonderful! We all had ________ great time there. A.a; a B.the; a C.a; the D.an; an 【答案】B 【详解】句意:——你们去泰山的旅行怎么样?——太棒了!我们在那里都玩得很开心。 考查冠词的用法。a一个,用于以辅音音素开头的单词前;an一个,用于以元音音素开头的单词前;the这个,那个。根据“trip to Mount Tai”可知,去泰山的旅行,是特指,用定冠词the;have a great time意为“玩得很开心”,固定短语。故选B。 5.There’s ________ chemistry lab in my new school. It’s on ________ third floor. A.a; the B.an; a C.an; the D.a; an 【答案】A 【详解】句意:在我新学校有一个化学实验室。它在三层。 考查冠词辨析。a是不定冠词,用于以辅音音素开头的字母或单词前,表示某类人或事物中的“一个”,表泛指;an是不定冠词,用于以元音音素开头的字母或单词前,表示某类人或事物中的“一个”,也表泛指;the是定冠词,表特指,意为“这、那、这些、那些”,放在可数名词和不可数名词前。根据题意可知,第一空第一次提到化学实验室,泛指“一个”,且chemistry辅音音素开头,所以应用a,第二空“third floor”,序数词前应用the。故选A。 6.My brother Robert keeps playing ________ violin for half ________ hour every morning. A./; the B.the; a C./; an D.the; an 【答案】D 【详解】句意:我哥哥罗伯特每天早上都要拉半个小时的小提琴。 考查冠词的用法。play the violin“拉小提琴”,half an hour“半小时”,故选D。 7.________ Whites will visit ________ USA next month. A.The; the B.The; an C./; an D./;the 【答案】A 【详解】句意:怀特一家将于下个月访问美国。 考查冠词。the+姓氏+s表示“……一家人”;the USA美国,固定搭配。故选A。 8. _______apple _______ day keeps _______ doctor away! A.A; a; the B.An; a; the C.The; a; a D.An; the; the 【答案】B 【详解】句意:一天一个苹果,医生远离我! 考查冠词。a/an 是不定冠词,修饰可数名词单数,表示泛指一个……,an用于元音发音开头的单词前;the是定冠词,表示特指这个……。根据句意可知,前两个空表示泛指一个,apple是元音开头的,故用an修饰;第三个空用the+单数名词,表示一类人。故选B。 9.The businessman has promised to help ________ poor in west China. A./ B.a C.an D.the 【答案】D 【详解】句意:这位商人答应帮助中国西部的穷人。 考查冠词的用法。此处用“the+形容词”表示一类人,故选D。 48.— What’s ________ matter with you? — I have ________ fever. A.a; the B.the; \ C.\; a D.the; a 【答案】D 【详解】句意:——你怎么了?——我发烧了。 考查冠词。a表示“一个”,后加辅音音素开头的单词;an表示“一个”,后加元音音素开头的单词;the表示特指。What’s the matter with you?是固定句型,表示“你怎么了”,先排除AC;have a fever表示“发烧”。故选D。 10.Wang Hua says he would like to be ________ artist in ________ future. A.an; / B.an; the C.the; / D.the; the 【答案】B 【详解】句意:王华说他未来想成为一名艺术家。 考查冠词的用法。an一个,泛指,接元音音素开头的词;the这个,特指。这里泛指一名艺术家,artist以元音音素开头,故第一个空填an;in the future是固定短语,表示“在将来”,因此第二空用the。故选B。 11.Hong Kong returned to China in ________ 1990s. A.an B./ C.a D.the 【答案】D 【详解】句意:香港于二十世纪九十年代回归中国。 考查冠词用法。an一个,表泛指,用于元音音素前;/零冠词;a一个,表泛指,用于辅音音素前;the这个,表特指。此处指二十世纪九十年代,世纪和年代前使用定冠词the。故选D。 12. Suqian is beautiful city in north of Jiangsu Province. A.a; / B.a; the C./; a D.the; a 【答案】B 【详解】句意:宿迁是江苏省北部一座美丽的城市。 考查冠词辨析。a不定冠词,表泛指,用于以辅音音素开头的单词前;the定冠词,表特指;/零冠词。根据“Suqian is...beautiful city”可知,此处表泛指,beautiful是以辅音音素开头的单词,此处填冠词a;根据“in...north of”可知,此处方位词前需要加定冠词the。故选B。 13.What’s _______ weather like in _______ Europe country? A.the; a B./; a C.the; / D./; the 【答案】A 【详解】句意:在欧洲此时的天气怎样呢?根据句意,结合定冠词the的使用口诀:特指双方熟悉,上文已经提及,世上独一无二,序数词最高级。可知第一空出使用the;而根据常识,欧洲有很多国家,因此第二空使用其中之一“a”。故答案为A。 14. Linda is only ________ 8-year-old girl, but she can play ________ violin well. A.a; the B.the; an C.an; the D.the; a 【答案】C 【详解】句意:虽然Linda是一个8岁的女孩,但她小提琴拉得很好。 考查冠词用法。an不定冠词,表泛指,用于元音音素开头的单词前;a不定冠词,表泛指,用于辅音音素开头的单词前;the定冠词。“一个8岁的女孩”表泛指,且“eight”以元音音素开头,故其前应加不定冠词an;violin “小提琴”是西洋乐器,其前应加定冠词the。故选D。 15.— Do you think ________ film YOLO is exciting? — Yes, it tells us ________ unusual story. A.the; a B.the; an C.an; an D.an; a 【答案】B 【详解】句意:——你认为《热辣滚烫》这部电影令人兴奋吗?——是的,它告诉我们一个不同寻常的故事。 考查冠词。a不定冠词,表示泛指,用于以辅音音素开头的单词前;an不定冠词,表示泛指,用于以元音音素开头的单词前;the定冠词,表示特指。根据第一个空空后的“YOLO”可知,此处表示特指;根据第二个空所在句的句意可知,此处表示泛指的一个不同寻常的故事,空后的“unusual”是以元音音素开头的单词,所以此处应用an。故选B。 二、用a,an,the或/填空。 1.Beijing is beautiful city. It’s capital of China. 2. blue postcard and the white notebook are from my grandfather. 3.I have apple every day for breakfast. 4.Zhang Ming is always first student to get to the classroom. 5.My mother has red scarf, and she wears it in winter. 6.My friend Daniel is from Canada, but he is in China now. 7.Alice is my sister, and she is eight-year-old girl. 8. interesting storybook and pen are in my bag. 9.I heard someone playing piano in next room. 10. Can you play drums in the school music party? 【答案】 1. a the 2.The 3.an 4.the 5.a 6./ 7.an 8. An a 9. the the 10. the 【解析】 1.句意:北京是一个美丽的城市。它是中国的首都。第一个空格前是指一个非特指的城市,因此用不定冠词表示泛指,beautiful以辅音音素开头,应用a。第二个空格前描述的是中国的唯一的首都,因此用定冠词the。故填a;the。 2.句意:那张蓝色的明信片和那本白色的笔记本是我爷爷送的。此处特指爷爷送的那张蓝色的明信片,应用不定冠词the,句首首字母t要大写。故填The。 3.句意:我每天早餐吃一个苹果。此处泛指一个苹果,应用不定冠词a或an,空后的apple以元音音素开头,故填an。 4.句意:张明总是第一个到教室的学生。空后的first是序数词,其前常用定冠词the。故填the。 5.句意:我妈妈有一条红色的围巾,她在冬天戴着它。此处泛指一条红色的围巾,应用不定冠词a或an,空后的red以辅音音素开头,故填a。 6.句意:我的朋友丹尼尔来自加拿大,但他现在在中国。空后的China是专有名词,其前不加任何冠词。故填/。 7.句意:爱丽丝是我的妹妹,她是一个八岁的女孩。此处泛指一个八岁的女孩,应用不定冠词a或an,空后的eight-year-old以元音音素开头,故填an。 8.句意:一本有趣的故事书和一支钢笔在我的书包里。此处泛指一本有趣的故事书和一支钢笔,应用不定冠词a或an,第一空后的interesting以元音音素开头,所以第一空填an,句首首字母a要大写;第二空后的pen以辅音音素开头,所以第二空填a。故填An;a。 9.句意: 我听到有人在隔壁房间弹钢琴。play the piano表示“弹钢琴”,乐器前用定冠词the;the next room表示“隔壁”,固定用法。故填the;the。 10. 句意:你能在学校音乐晚会上打鼓吗?drums指乐器,与play连用时,其前要加定冠词the。故填the。 一.语音 【典例】从下列每组单词中找出一个划线部分与其他单词发音不同的单词。 1.A.wear B.hear C.bear D.pear 【答案】B 【解析】wear/weə/;hear/hɪə/;bear/beə/;pear/peə/。根据音标可知,hear划线部分发音为/ɪə/,与其他选项划线部分发音不同。故选B。 2.A.heart B.tear C.appear D.year 【答案】A 【解析】heart/hɑːt/;tear/tɪə(r)/;appear/əˈpɪə(r)/;year/jɪə(r)/。A项的划线部分读/ɑː/,其他选项划线部分读/ɪə(r)/。故选A。 3.选出单词中划线部分与所给音标发音相同的一项。 /ʊə/ A.tour B.blouse C.pair D.near 【答案】A 【解析】.tour中的our发音为/ʊə/;blouse中的ou发音为/aʊ/;pair中的air发音为/eə/;near中的ear发音为/ɪə/。选项A的划线部分与所给音标发音相同。故选A。 二、将下面方框中单词画线部分发音按音标归类,并将单词填写到相应的横线上。 point        shout            hear     total                poor around         area                join             sure             radio 1./ aʊ / 2./ əʊ / 3./ ɔɪ / 4./ ɪə / 5./ʊə / 【答案】1. shout around 2. total radio 3. point join 4. hear area 5. poor sure 【解析】1.shout/ʃaʊt/;around/əˈraʊnd/。根据音标可知,划线部分发音一致,故填shout;around。 2.total/ˈtəʊt(ə)l/;radio/ˈreɪdiəʊ/。根据音标可知,划线部分发音一致,故填total;radio。 3.point/pɔɪnt/;join/dʒɔɪn/。根据音标可知,划线部分发音一致,故填point;join。 4.hear/hɪə(r)/;area/ˈeəriə/。根据音标可知,划线部分发音一致,故填hear;area。 5.poor/pʊə(r)/;sure/ʃʊə(r)/。根据音标可知,划线部分发音一致,故填poor;sure。 二、主题词汇拓展 人物外貌词汇 beautiful adj. 漂亮的 handsome adj. 帅气的 tall adj. 高的 short adj. 矮的 fat adj. 胖的 thin / slim adj. 瘦的 / 苗条的 strong adj. 强壮的 weak adj. 虚弱的 人物性格词汇 lazy adj. 懒惰的 hard-working adj. 勤奋的 polite adj. 有礼貌的 clever / smart adj. 聪明的 strict adj. 要求严格的 brave adj. 勇敢的 人物职业词汇 teacher n. 老师 police officer n. 警察 cook n. 厨师 dentist n. 牙医 worker n. 工人 farmer n. 农民 lawyer n. 律师 engineer n. 工程师 scientist n. 科学家 painter n. 画家 三、书面表达 【典例1】Write a passage of at least 70 words about the topic “the person I love most”.(以我最喜欢的人为题写一篇不少于70个词的短文。) Suggested questions(以下问题仅供参考): 1、 Who do you love most? 2、 Why do you like him/her? The person I love most ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The person I love most My elder sister is the person I love most. She is two years older than me. We grow up together, play together and share the same room. In fact, we share all the things. I would dress her clothes and she would wear my shoes. I would tell her all my secret, so does her. She will help me with my homework. No matter what I do, she will stands behind me. Sometimes she even fight for me. She is the one who knows me the most. I love her more than anyone. 【详解】试题分析:这是一篇给材料作文,介绍我和我的朋友。结合所给材料,可知本文主要考查一般现在时态,人称为单数第一,三人称,注意主谓一致问题,句子结构主要为系表结构和动宾结构,注意一些常见句式的应用,比如:My elder sister is...,She is...,I would....,She will...,I love...等句式的应用。写作中注意运用代词,注意多种句式交替运用。写作中注意叙述顺序,符合逻辑关系,注意主谓一致。 写作亮点:本文结构紧凑,语言简练。开头介绍了最喜爱的人的名字,接下来介绍我们在一起的活动,最后指出她最了解我。此处grow up, the same, help sb with sth, no matter what, fight for等这些词组的运用也让文章增色不少。 【典例2】母爱情深,母爱无价;学会感恩,学会回报,某英语网站举办以“My mother”为题的英语征文活动。请你根据下列思维导图提供的信息,写一篇短文,介绍自己的母亲和你的真情故事。 提示: 1. 短文应包括导图中的全部信息,条理清楚,行文连贯,段落分明; 2. 短文中不能出现真实的人名和地名 3. 词数不少于70,开头已给出;不计入总词数 We need love. We also need to love. The person I love most is my mother. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文: My mother     We need love. We also need to love. The person I love most is my mother. My mother is 41 years old. She is of medium build with long black hair. She is quiet. She’s a history teacher in a middle school. She likes dancing. She can cook delicious food. She did a lot for me when I was a child. She bought whatever I needed for my study, even though she didn’t have much money. She sent me from piano lessons to dancing lessons at the weekend. She cooked delicious and healthy food for me When I grow up, I will do what I can to make my mother happy. I will find a good job after I graduate from college. I’ll save money and buy beautiful clothes that make her look still young. I’ll take her to wonderful sights around China. Most importantly, I will stay with her when I have free time. I think that’s what she wants most. 【详解】 [总体分析] ①题材:本文是一篇说明文; ② 时态:时态为“一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时”; ③ 提示:写作要点已给出,考生应注意围绕“信息提示”介绍妈妈的工作、长相、能力、爱好,谈谈她为你做了什么及你会为她做什么。 [写作步骤] 第一步,介绍妈妈的工作、长相、能力、爱好; 第二步,谈谈妈妈为你做了什么; 第三步,谈谈你会为妈妈做什么。 [亮点词汇] ① of medium build 中等身材 ② grow up 长大 ③ most importantly 最重要的是 [高分句型] ① She bought whatever I needed for my study, even though she didn’t have much money.(even though引导的让步状语从句) ② When I grow up, I will do what I can to make my mother happy.(when引导时间状语从句) 【典例3】假设你是班长,请根据下列提示写一篇人物介绍,向同学们介绍你的化学老师Hanson。 要点如下:1. 这位老师名Hanson,40岁左右,又矮又瘦,戴着一副深度近视眼镜; 2. 对学生要求严格,认真备课,认真批改(correct)作业;     3. 教学方法不同于别人,课上得很生动。鼓励学生思考,培养(develop)学生自学能力; 4. 常和学生一起进行体育活动,和蔼可亲,深受学生的爱戴和尊重。 词数80个左右(文章的开头已给出,不计入词数) My Chemistry Teacher _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 My Chemistry Teacher Hanson is our chemistry teacher. He is about 40 years old. He is short and thin with a pair of deep glasses on his nose. He is strict with us in our study. He prepares for his lessons well. He corrects our homework very carefully. His teaching style is quite different from the others. He always makes his class interesting and lively. He often encourages us to develop our ability to study on our own. He often helps and cares for us. He is very kind to us. In his spare time, he has sports with us. We all love and respect him. 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材:本文是一篇记叙文,为材料作文; ②时态:时态为“一般现在时”; ③提示:写作要点已给出,要求根据提示内容介绍化学老师Hanson,适当添加细节,并突出写作重点。 [写作步骤] 第一步,表明写作意图,介绍老师的相关信息; 第二步,具体阐述写作内容,从“外貌、工作、师生关系”几个方面重点介绍; 第三步,书写结语。 [亮点词汇] ①a pair of一副 ②be strict with对……严格 ③be different from与……不同 ④care for关心 [高分句型] He often encourages us to develop our ability to study on our own.(动词不定式作宾语补足语) 1 / 14 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$

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Unit 1 People around us(知识清单)英语新教材沪教版七年级下册
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Unit 1 People around us(知识清单)英语新教材沪教版七年级下册
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Unit 1 People around us(知识清单)英语新教材沪教版七年级下册
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