UNIT 11 Section Ⅱ Lesson 1 Living in a community-【金版新学案】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第四册同步课堂高效讲义配套教参（北师大版2019）

Section Ⅱ　Lesson 1 Step One：Pre-reading Look at the pictures and answer the following questions. Have you ever experienced a neighbourhood conflict？What do you think might cause conflicts between neighbours? ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ (The answers may vary. ) Step Two：While-reading Ⅰ．Read for the main idea What’s the main idea of the text? A．An unwelcome neighbour. B．The drummer was hit by an old man. C．The conflicts happening in a community. D．Grandpa was arrested because of fight with a young man. 答案：C Ⅱ．Match the main idea with each part Part 1(Para. 1)　　 A．The writers went to have an interview with Ma Ming. Part 2(Para. 2) B．The local council gave Ma Ming a warning. Part 3(Paras. 3—4) C．Ma Ming’s neighbours were in trouble being exposed to the drum noise. Part 4(Para. 5) D．Ma Ming has left his apartment because of his drumming. 答案：Parts 1—4　DCBA Ⅲ．Read for the structure Ⅳ. Read for details 1．How did Ma Ming’s neighbours feel after his departure? A．They felt very sorry for their selfishness. B．They felt pleased. C．They felt sleepy. D．They felt unbearable. 2．What do we know about Mr. McKay? A．He is both a keen gardener and a fish collector. B．He is not a peaceful man. 学生用书第48页 C．He hit Smith because the latter watered his flowers on the balcony. D．He was set free on Sunday. 3．Mr. McKay hit Mr. Smith over the head because ________. A．Mr. McKay was a man of violence B．Mr. McKay didn’t like fish C．Mr. Smith was impolite D．The McKays were often wet through by Mr. Smith 4．How long was Mr. McKay in prison? A．A year. B．Two weeks. C．A night. D．Thirty years. 答案：1－4　BDDC Step Three：Post-reading Ⅰ．难句解构 1． 尝试翻译　迈奇的妻子劳瑞恩说，尽管迈奇平时是个平和、和善的人，是因为再三被淋湿，他才会做出这种暴力的行为。 2． 尝试翻译　她补充说，让他们烦恼的不仅是史密斯给植物浇水时洒到阳台上的水，还有他清洗鱼缸的方式。 Ⅱ．佳句仿写 1．教材佳句　I have never seen him move so fast and I couldn’t stop him. He was up there in a flash. (动作描写) 学后仿写　汤姆很沮丧，因为在辩论中他没能让自己的观点被别的同学理解。 Tom felt disappointed because he couldn’t get his point across to other students in the debate. 2．教材佳句　“Life will go back to normal now，” they said. (语言描写) 学后仿写　“你只是把它打破了，”我俏皮地笑着补充道。 “You did just break it，”I added with a playful grin. Ⅲ．品质升华 1．What do you think of the conflict and compromise？Do you think the conflict and compromise is very important？(Critical Thinking批判性思维) Society itself is a body of contradictions，conflict and compromise are everywhere，reducing conflict，more compromise is the basis of human harmonious survival. Therefore，from this perspective，compromise is the guarantee for the coexistence and win-win of human society. Only in this way can human beings develop and survive better. 2．What did the community council do？Why did they take action？(Creative Thinking创造性思维) The community council voted to warn Ma Ming，telling him he should stop drumming or move out. Because they think enough sleep is important for people’s health. 学生用书第49页 ◎ ①drummer/ˈdrʌmə/n. 鼓手 drum/drʌm/vi. 击鼓，打鼓 ②pack/pæk/vi. & vt. 打包 n．包，包裹 pack up整理；把……打包 ③move out of搬出；脱离；摆脱 ④complaint/kəmˈpleɪnt/n. 投诉 complain/kəmˈpleɪn/v. 抱怨，投诉 ⑤tendency/ˈtendənsi/n. 趋势，趋向 have the tendency to do sth有做某事的倾向 ⑥plug/plʌɡ/vt. 把……塞住，堵塞；填塞 ⑦have a bad influence on对……有不良影响 ⑧take action采取行动；提出诉讼 ⑨vote/vəʊt/n. 投票(指行为)；票数 ⑩resolution/ˌrezəˈluːʃn/n. 决定；解决 ⑪warning/ˈwɔːnɪŋ/n. 警告，警示；告诫 ⑫cease/siːs/vi. & vt. 停止，终止，结束 ⑬property/ˈprɒpəti/n. 房产；所有物；财产 ⑭chorus/ˈkɔːrəs/n. 齐声；副歌；合唱团 ⑮departure/dɪˈpɑːtʃə/n. 离开，起程 ⑯go back to返回；追溯到 ⑰prejudiced/ˈpredʒədɪst/adj. 有偏见的，有成见的，歧视的 ⑱bitter/ˈbɪtə/adj. 愤愤不平的；带来痛苦的，令人难过的；苦的 ⑲anyhow/ˈenihaʊ/adv. (非正式)尽管如此；至少 ⑳remote/rɪˈməʊt/adj. 偏僻的，偏远的 ㉑edge/edʒ/n. 边缘，外围 ㉒arrest/əˈrest/vt. 逮捕，拘捕；抑制；阻止 ㉓tailor/ˈteɪlə/n. (男装)裁缝 ㉔pleasant/ˈplezənt/adj. 礼貌而友善的，和蔼可亲的 ㉕violence/ˈvaɪələns/n. 暴力行为，暴力 violent/ˈvaɪələnt/adj. 暴力的；剧烈的 ㉖literally/ˈlɪtərəli/adv. 确实地 ㉗no longer不再 ㉘tolerate/ˈtɒləreɪt/vt. 忍受；忍耐；容忍，容许；宽容 ㉙keen/kiːn/adj. 着迷的，有强烈兴趣的 ㉚balcony/ˈbælkəni/n. 阳台 ㉛unsuspecting/ˌʌnsəˈspektɪŋ/adj. 无提防之心的，无疑心的 ㉜bother/ˈbɒðə/vi. & vt. (使) 担心，(使)生气，(使)苦恼 ㉝get rid of摆脱，除去 ㉞recall/rɪˈkɔːl/vi. & vt. 回想，回忆起 ㉟starry/ˈstɑːri/adj. 布满星星的；闪闪发光的 ㊱in a flash瞬间；立刻 ㊲a large crowd of一大群的 ㊳cheerful/ˈtʃɪəfl/adj. 欢快的，高兴的 ◎ LIVING IN A COMMUNITY Drummer Hits the Road Ma Ming，drummer①for the rock band “Storm”[1]，had to pack② his bags. He moved out of③ his rented flat after complaints④ from his neighbours about disturbing the peace. [1]画线部分为同位语，进一步解释说明主语。 Being single，Ma Ming often held parties at night，but the biggest problem was his tendency⑤ to drum late at night. Ma Ming’s neighbours said they were being driven mad being exposed to such noise[2]. The flat-owner said if he had known that Ma Ming was a drummer，he wouldn’t have rented the flat to him[3]. The neighbours quickly realised they were in trouble when he moved in. And from then on，they rarely got a full night’s sleep. They couldn’t relax or read a book without plugging⑥ their ears. One neighbour also claimed that Ma Ming had a bad influence on⑦ his teenage son. [2]句中being exposed to such noise为动词-ing形式短语作状语。 [3]if引导与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句。 In the end，the community council took action⑧. “We took a vote⑨，and came to a resolution⑩. We gave Ma Ming a warning⑪. We told him that he ought to cease⑫ drumming or leave the property⑬，”a council member said. “Getting enough sleep is important for people’s health[4] and，after such a chorus⑭ of complaints，we had to take action. ” [4]句中Getting enough sleep为动词-ing形式短语作主语。 Ma Ming’s departure⑮has pleased his neighbours. “Life will go back to⑯ normal now，” they said. For Ma Ming’s version of the story，we found him in a hotel[5] in Shanghai. Ma Ming felt that they were prejudiced⑰ against him. He’s bitter⑱ over the fact that people thought of his music as “noise”[6]. Otherwise he didn’t really mind having to leave the flat. “Living in a hotel means the hotel staff makes the bed every day and I don’t have to do my own washing！Anyhow⑲，I’m now looking for a remote⑳ house on the edge㉑ of the city. ” 学生用书第50页 [5]画线部分为find sb/sth＋介词短语结构，其中介词短语作宾语补足语。 [6]that引导同位语从句，对the fact的内容进一步解释说明。 Grandpa Arrested㉒ After One Shower Too Many Eighty-year-old retired tailor㉓，James McKay，spent Saturday night in a cell after hitting 30-year-old Keith Smith over the head with his walking stick. McKay’s wife，Laurene said that，while McKay is usually a peaceful and pleasant㉔ person[7]，he had been driven to this act of violence㉕ by literally㉖ getting wet just once too often. He could no longer㉗ tolerate㉘ it. [7]while引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管”。 Smith lives above the McKays. He is a keen㉙ gardener，and also a fish collector. Unfortunately，the water he sent over his balcony㉚ every day ended up on the McKays’ floor，or too often，on the unsuspecting㉛ McKays themselves. “For the last two weeks，since Smith moved into the flat above us[8]，we dared not go onto our balcony，” said Laurene. She added that it wasn’t only the water falling onto their balcony from Smith watering his plants that bothered㉜ them，but also the way he cleaned his fish tanks. “We’d be sitting there happily reading our newspapers，when suddenly so much water would come from above that we’d be as wet as if we had showered with our clothes on[9]! We could hardly get rid of㉝ the smell of fish！” [8]since引导时间状语从句，意为“自……以来”。 [9]as if引导方式状语从句，意为“好像”。 And on Saturday evening it was just too much. “It was James’ birthday，” Laurene recalled㉞，“and it was such a beautiful night to enjoy the starry㉟ night outside. I made him a birthday cake. The candles were a great sight as you can imagine[10]，but James didn’t get to blow them out. ” Instead，Smith emptied one of his larger tanks over his balcony and both the McKays and the cake were wet through. “I have never seen him move so fast and I couldn’t stop him. He was up there in a flash㊱. ” [10]as引导限制性定语从句，指代先行词a great sight。 Smith is not going to take things further with the police. He has also promised to change his ways from now on. And what of James McKay？As he left the police station，a large crowd of㊲ supporters sang him “Happy Birthday”．“Definitely the most exciting birthday ever！” said the cheerful㊳ old man. “The best since my youth，I’d say！” 学生用书第51页 ◎ 社区生活 鼓手走人 摇滚乐队“暴风雨”的鼓手马明不得不收拾行李。他搬出租用的公寓，因为邻居们投诉他扰乱社区的宁静。 马明是个单身汉，经常在晚上开派对，但最大的问题是他常常打鼓到深夜。邻居说他们都快被这样的噪音逼疯了。房东说如果他知道马明是个鼓手，就不会把房子租给他。马明一搬进来，邻居们很快就意识到麻烦来了。从那以后，他们很少能安安稳稳地睡一整晚觉。如果不堵住耳朵，他们就不能放松或者看书。有个邻居还说，马明对他十几岁的儿子造成了不良影响。 最后，居委会采取了行动。一位居委会成员说：“我们投票表决，达成了一项决议。我们警告马明，告诉他应该停止打鼓，否则就搬走。充足的睡眠对人们的健康很重要，收到这样的集体投诉，我们不得不采取行动。” 马明的离开让他的邻居很高兴。“生活终于要恢复正常了，”他们说。 我们在上海的一家酒店里找到了马明，想听听他对这个事件的看法。马明觉得邻居对自己有偏见。他对人们认为他的音乐是“噪音”的事实感到痛心。不过他并不介意离开公寓。“住在旅馆里就意味着每天有服务员整理床铺，我也不必自己洗衣服！不过，我现在正在城郊找位置稍微偏僻一点的房子。” 洗了“大澡”而被捕的爷爷 80岁的退休裁缝詹姆斯·迈奇，周六的晚上是在监狱里度过的，因为用拐杖打了30岁的基思·史密斯的头。迈奇的妻子劳瑞恩说，他平时是个平和、和善的人，是因为再三被淋湿，他才会做出这种暴力的行为。他实在是忍无可忍了。 史密斯住在迈奇家楼上。他热爱园艺，喜欢养鱼。但不幸的是，他每天在阳台上浇的水最后都落到迈奇家的地板上，也经常洒在毫无防备的迈奇夫妇身上。 劳瑞恩说：“过去两周，自从史密斯搬到楼上的公寓，我们都不敢去阳台了。”她补充说，让他们烦恼的不仅是史密斯给植物浇水时洒到阳台上的水，还有他清洗鱼缸的方式。“我们本来高兴地坐在阳台上看报纸，突然间很多水从天而降，把我们都给浇湿了，就像穿着衣服洗了个澡一样！我们很难去掉(身上的)鱼腥味！” 这周六晚上实在是忍无可忍了。劳瑞恩回忆道：“那天是詹姆斯的生日，是个特别美丽的夜晚，可以坐在外面享受夜晚的星空。我给他做了个生日蛋糕，你可以想象点上蜡烛有多么漂亮，可詹姆斯却没能把蜡烛吹灭。”然而，史密斯从阳台上倒掉他的一个大鱼缸中的水，将迈奇夫妇和蛋糕都淋了个通透。“我从没见过他动作那么快，根本没办法阻止，他一下子就冲到楼上去了。” 史密斯不会让警方进一步追究这件事。他还承诺从现在开始改变他的方式。而詹姆斯·迈奇呢？他离开警察局时，一大群支持者为他唱起了《生日快乐》歌。“这绝对是最激动人心的一次生日啦！”老人快乐地说道。“我得说，这是自打我年轻以来最棒的一次生日！” 学生用书第52页 ◎阅读单词——识记 1．destroy her personal property　 毁掉她的私有财产 2．his departure from the island 离开这座岛 3．be prejudiced in your judgement 在判断上存在偏见 4．involve literally hundreds of people 确实要几百个人参与 5．a drummer in a rock band 一支摇滚乐队的鼓手 6．a successful resolution to the problem 问题的成功解决 7．an unsuspecting local official 一名毫无猜疑心的地方官员 ◎核心单词——练通 1．①pack a few toys 打包一些玩具 ②free information pack 免费信息包 2．vote in the election 在选举中投票 3．bitter experience 痛苦的经历 4．a remote beach 偏远的海滩 5．on the edge of the cliff 在悬崖边上 6．arrest five young men 逮捕了5名年轻男子 7．keep a keen interest 保持着强烈的兴趣 8．recall his name 回想起他的名字 ◎拓展单词——用活 1．drummer n．鼓手→drum vi. 击鼓，打鼓 2．complaint n．投诉→complain vi. 抱怨；发牢骚；诉说 3．warning n．警告，警示；告诫→warn vt. 警告，提醒；通知 4．departure n．离开，启程→depart vi. 离开，出发 5．prejudiced adj. 有偏见的，有成见的，歧视的→prejudice n．偏见，歧视 6．pleasant adj. 礼貌而友善的，和蔼可亲的→please vt. 使喜欢；使高兴，使满意→pleased adj. 高兴的；喜欢的；乐于(做某事)→pleasure n．高兴，快乐，愉快 7．violence n．暴力行为，暴力→violent adj. 暴力的；猛烈的→violently adv. 激烈地；剧烈地；凶猛地，暴力地 8．tolerate vt. 忍受；忍耐；容忍，容许；宽容→tolerant adj. 宽容的；容忍的→tolerance n．宽容，容忍；耐力 9．bother vi. &vt. (使) 担心，(使)生气，(使) 苦恼→bothered adj. 烦(恼)的；感到讨厌的 1．规律：动词后跟-ing变成名词 warn vt. 警告，提醒；通知＋-ing→warning n．警告，警示；告诫 例如：meeting n．会议 building n. 建筑(物)swimming n．游泳 2．规律：-ence结尾的名词变成-ent结尾的形容词 violence n．暴力行为，暴力→violent adj. 暴力的；猛烈的 例如：apparent adj. 显而易见的 confident adj. 自信的，有自信的 ◎重点短语——再现 第一组　汉译英 1．采取行动 take action 2．处于不幸中；处于困难中 in trouble 3．对……有不良影响 have a bad influence on 4．除掉，去掉 get rid of 5．几乎；濒于；在……的边缘 on the edge of 6．不再 no longer 7．最终成为；最后处于 end up 学生用书第53页 第二组　英译汉 8．be exposed to 接触；暴露于…… 9．in a flash 瞬间，即刻 10．go back to 回去，返回；追溯到 11．move out of 搬出；脱离；摆脱 12．from then on 从那时起 13．in the end 终于，最后 14．look for 寻找 15．a large crowd of 一大群的…… ◎典型句式——默背 1．句型公式　动词-ing形式作状语 教材原句　Being single(因为单身)，Ma Ming often held parties at night，but the biggest problem was his tendency to drum late at night. 2．句型公式　if引导虚拟条件句 教材原句　… if he had known(如果他早知道) that Ma Ming was a drummer，he wouldn’t have rented the flat to him. 3．句型公式　that引导同位语从句 教材原句　He’s bitter over the fact that people thought of his music as “noise”(人们认为他的音乐是“噪音”). Ⅰ．核心词汇练全 complaint n．投诉 (教材原句)He moved out of his rented flat after complaints from his neighbours about disturbing the peace. 他搬出租用的公寓，因为邻居们投诉他扰乱社区的宁静。 (1)complain(to sb) of/about sth (向某人) 抱怨 (某事)，(向某人) 发牢骚 complain (to sb) that… (向某人)抱怨…… (2)make a complaint/complaints to sb about/of sth 向某人投诉某事 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①But too many complaints (complain) will bore your audience. ②What I am to complain about/of is that the books I bought online are poorly printed and smell terrible. ③I’m writing to make a complaint about your service standard. ④她抱怨工作机会不平等。 She complained that she had received inequality of job opportunity. warning n．警告，警示；告诫 (教材原句)We gave Ma Ming a warning. 我们给了马明一个警告。 warn sb of sth 　 警告/提醒某人注意某事 warn (sb) against doing sth 警告/提醒(某人)不要做某事 warn sb (not) to do sth 告诫某人(不要)做某事 单句语法填空/一句多译 ①Warned of the danger，he still went skating on the thin ice. ②The change in the colour of the ocean will be one of the early warning (warn)signals that we really have changed our planet. ③我父亲警告我不要去西海岸，因为那里挤满了游客。 →My father warned me against going to the west coast because it was crowded with tourists. →My father warned me not to go to the west coast because it was crowded with tourists. 学生用书第54页 tolerate vt. 忍受；忍耐；容忍，容许；宽容 (教材原句)He could no longer tolerate it. 他实在是忍无可忍了。 (1)tolerate (doing) sth/to do sth 容忍/容许(做)某事 (2)tolerant adj. 容忍的；宽容的 be tolerant of 对……宽容；容忍…… (3)tolerance n． 宽容；容忍 单句语法填空/词汇升级 ①If neighbours want to get along well with each other，they have to show their tolerance(tolerate). ②I couldn’t tolerate being interrupted (interrupt) when I was editing my book. ③We must learn to be tolerant of different cultures especially when we live in a multi-cultural society. ④When he went abroad，he found the new surroundings hard to bear. →When he went abroad，he found the new surroundings hard to tolerate/put up with. keen adj. 着迷的，有强烈兴趣的 (教材原句)He is a keen gardener，and also a fish collector. 他热爱园艺，喜欢养鱼。 be keen on sb/sth　　 喜欢某人/某物 be keen on doing sth 喜欢做某事 be keen to do sth 渴望做某事 单句语法填空/应用文写作之演讲稿 ①It has always been an attraction for those who are keen on anything that is Chinese. ②He told me that he was keen on helping those who were in trouble. ③我的外国朋友渴望更多地了解我们的文化，所以我想与他们分享。 My foreign friends are keen to learn more about our culture, so I’d like to share it with them. bother vi. & vt. (使)担心，(使)生气，(使)苦恼 (教材原句)She added that it wasn’t only the water falling onto their balcony from Smith watering his plants that bothered them，but also the way he cleaned his fish tanks. 她补充说，让他们烦恼的不仅是史密斯给植物浇水时洒到阳台上的水，还有他清洗鱼缸的方式。 bother sb with/about sth 因某事麻烦(打扰)某人 bother to do/doing sth 费/操心做某事 It bothers sb that/to do sth 使某人苦恼的是…… /做某事令某人苦恼 单句语法填空/句式升级 ①You don’t bother to get/getting (get) dinner for me today，because I’ll eat out. ②Don’t bother your deskmate about/with the math problem. Try to work it out by yourself. ③My best friend Tom has become addicted to playing computer games recently，and it bothers me a lot. →It bothers me a lot that my best friend Tom has become addicted to playing computer games recently. (that引导主语从句) 学生用书第55页 Ⅱ．典型句式讲透 句型公式：if引导虚拟条件句 (教材原句)… if he had known that Ma Ming was a drummer，he wouldn’t have rented the flat to him. ……如果他知道马明是个鼓手，就不会把房子租给他。 if引导虚拟语气主要考查主从句的谓语动词的时态，基本规则如下： 表虚拟的时间 if从句谓语形式 主句谓语形式 现在 did/were would (should/might/could)＋do 过去 had done would (should/might/could)＋have done 将来 were to/should＋do would (should/might/could)＋do ,单句语法填空/完成句子 ①If I were given another chance, I would perform(perform) much better than I did last night. ②It was John who broke the window. Why are you talking to me as if I had done(do) it? ③If we had taken the other road, we might have arrived(arrive) here in time for the meeting. ④无论何时何地，只要您方便，如果您能帮助我们，我将不胜感激。 I would appreciate it if you could help us whenever and wherever it is convenient for you. (求助信) 句型公式：that引导同位语从句 (教材原句)He’s bitter over the fact that people thought of his music as “noise”． 他对人们认为他的音乐是“噪音”的事实感到痛心。 (1)从属连词 that 引导同位语从句时，常跟在某些抽象名词如：fact，hope，desire，thought，suggestion，idea，news，problem，possibility，chance，plan，question等之后，对前面的名词起补充说明的作用。 (2)在某些名词(如demand，wish，suggestion，request等)的后面，同位语从句要用“(should＋)do”表示虚拟语气。 (3)同位语从句也可以由连接代词who，what，whose，which；连接副词how，when，where，why或从属连词whether来引导。 单句语法填空/句式升级 ①We have confidence that the job will be completed on schedule. ②The thought flashed through my mind that I would never give up. ③The phenomenon that students can’t convey/express their ideas is worth paying attention to by every English teacher. ④Doctors have suggested that patients should take in less sugar and salt. →A suggestion that patients (should) eat less sugar and salt has been given by doctors. (改为同位语从句) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$