重难点06 单项选择之情态动词-2025年高考英语【热点·重点·难点】专练（天津专用）

重难点06 单项选择之情态动词 考点 三年考情分析 2025考向预测 情态动词 2023年6月：needn’t （不必） 2021年6月：may have done (推测) 2021年3月：could （可能） 近年来，单项选择题中重点考查考生在不同语境下对情态动词的基本用法和表推测用法的具体理解。 预计2025年，单项选择题在情态动词表推测的用法和情态动词+have done的用法。考生要在语言实践中、在具体语境中体会并掌握情态动词的基本用法和特殊用法，特别是表推测的用法。 【核心识记】 情态动词的基本含义 情态动词 含义 例句 can/could 表示能力，译为“能，能够”（could 常用于表示过去的能力） The police still haven’t found the missing child, but they’re doing all they can. 警察还没有找到那个失踪的孩子，但是他们正在做所能做的一切。 表示推测，译为“可能” It can be quite windy here, especially in spring. 这里有时候可能会起大风,特别是在春季。 表示请求、允许，译为“可以，能” Could you tell me how I can get to the railway station? 你能告诉我如何到火车站吗？ may/might 表示请求、允许，译为“可以，能”（might比may语气更委婉） -- May I take the book out? 我可以把这本书带出去吗？ -- I'm afraid not. 恐怕不可以。 用于祈使句，表示祝愿 May we never forget each other. 愿我们彼此永不相忘。 must 必须（否定为mustn’t） I think you must inform him of the change of the schedule right now. 我认为你必须马上通知他日程的变化。 偏要，非得 Why must she interrupt? 她为什么偏要打断呢？ 表示推测，译为“一定”（“不可能，一定不”用can’t） He must be the wanted man: he’s exactly like the one in the picture. 他一定就是那个通缉犯：他和照片上的人一模一样。 should 应该 We should learn from each other. 我们应该互相学习。 竟然，怎么会 I got on the bus and who should be sitting in front of me but Tony! 我上了公共汽车，没想到坐在我前面的竟然是托尼! shall 第一人称疑问句中，表示征求意见 Shall we go to the theatre by bus? 我们乘公共汽车去剧院，好不好？ 第二、三人称陈述句中，表示说话人给对方的允诺、命令、警告或威胁 You shall have one if you go to bed as soon as possible. 如果你尽快上床睡觉，你就可以听到一个故事。（表允诺） Candidates shall remain in their seats until all the papers have been collected. 考生必须留在座位上，等所有试卷收好以后方可离去。（表命令） will/would 表示意志或意愿。 You can stay here as long as you want, if you will. 如果你愿意，你想在这里待多久都可以。 表示习惯。will表示现在的习惯，译为“总是，习惯于”；would 表示过去的习惯，译为“过去常常” She will listen to music, alone in her room for hours.她总是独自一个人在房间里听音乐，一听就是几个小时。 He would get up early when he lived in the country. 他住在乡下的时候经常起得很早。 表示事物的某种性质和倾向，或按照规律“会，注定会……” Oil will float on water. 油会浮在水面上。 need 需要 （needn’t = don’t have to 不需要，不必） I needn’t/don’t have to worry about my weekend. 我没有必要担心我的周末。 dare 敢于 I wondered if you dared finish the task alone. 我想知道你是否敢独自完成这个任务。 cannot but do sth. 不得不，只好做某事 I cannot but choose to go. 我只好选择去。 can't help doing sth. =can't help but do sth. 忍不住做某事 I can’t help thinking about the past. 我不禁回想起过去。 She couldn’t help but wonder what he was doing. 她不禁琢磨着他在做些什么。 may well 可能 He may well be right. 他很可能是对的。 may as well 不如 We may as well stay where we are. 我们不如待在原地。 can not (或never等否定词) + enough/ too/too much 再……也不为过 We can’t thank you too much. 我们再怎么感谢你都不为过。 【体系建构】 （建议用时：40分钟） 【考点一：表推测】 1．（2021·天津卷第二次）---I honestly don't think I'm going to be admitted. ---Well, you never know! You________ a better impression than you think. A．may have made B．should have made C．couldn't have made D．needn't have made 2．（2021·天津卷第一次）It used to be that you ___drive for miles here without seeing another person, but now there are houses and people everywhere. A．need B．should C．could D．must 3．（2024·天津和平·二模）—Jimmy, how did your final exam go? —I thought I_______, but the result was not so bad. A．might have failed B．shall have failed C．should have failed D．must have failed 4．（2024·天津河东·二模）—I think I saw John in the library yesterday. —You ________ him; he is still on business. A．can’t have seen B．needn’t see C．mightn’t see D．mustn’t have seen 5．（2024·天津部分区·二模）The cake __________ have been carefully baked for hours based on its delicious taste. A．must B．need C．should D．would 6．（2024·天津九校·一模）Jason is telling kids something interesting in the living room. He ______ have had a brilliant journey in Beijing. A．must B．should C．could D．would 7．（2024·天津和平·三模）My laptop ______ be old, but it still works really well. A．can B．could C．may D．would 8．（2024·天津滨海新·三模）The first attempt at making a lantern proved more challenging than the boy ever ______ have imagined. A．could B．must C．needn’t D．shouldn’t 9．（2024·天津北辰·三模）The high school student answered all the questions properly. In my view, he ______ have read many books. A．must B．should C．need D．could 10．（2023·天津耀华·二模）—Congratulations! You ________ great efforts for the English speech contest. —Thanks. I do appreciate my teacher’s guidance. A．must have made B．should have made C．could make D．would make 11．（2023·天津河北·二模）During our trip to the Great Wall last week, I couldn’t help but think it ________have been a huge project to build it in ancient times. A．should B．must C．would D．need 12．（2024·天津红桥·一模）—The woman biologist had stayed in Africa studying wild animals for 13 years before she returned. —Oh dear! She ________ a lot of difficulties! A．may go through B．must have gone through C．should have gone through D．might go through 13．（2022·天津南开·一模）With no gravity to push against, astronauts’ bones and muscles ________become weak. A．should B．must C．can D．need 14．（2023·天津红桥·一模）—It’s nearly a quarter to eight. Beth hasn’t turned up yet. —She________ the time. Why don’t I call and see what happened? A．shouldn’t have forgotten B．might have forgotten C．needn’t have forgotten D．must have forgotten 15．（2022·天津南开·二模）Using supercomputer, many labs are now conducting experiments that ________ possible in the past. A．would have been B．might have been C．shouldn’t have been D．couldn’t have been 16．（2022·天津部分区·二模）This ___________an improvement, but “breakthrough” was an overstatement. A．can have been B．should have been C．may have been D．need have been 17．（2022·天津河北·二模）—I wonder why Robert hasn’t shown up at the interview yet. It’s a pity if he missed. —I’m not sure, but he ________ in a traffic jam riding here. A．could be stuck B．should be stuck C．must have been stuck D．might have been stuck 18．（2022·天津和平·一模）He speaks English with a strong American accent, so he ______ brought up in Britain. A．couldn’t be B．shouldn’t be C．can’t have been D．needn’t have been 19．（2022·天津新华中学·一模）In the country Bhutan, weather ______ vary dramatically from place to place, day to day or even within the same day. A．can B．shall C．must D．need 20．（2022·天津南开·一模）There was no sign of a break-in, so the thieves ________ someone on the inside helping them. A．might have B．should have had C．could have D．must have had 【考点二：本……（实际行动正相反）】 1．（2020·天津卷第二次）You ____________ have scolded him for his poor performance. After all, he had done his best. A．must B．should C．mustn’t D．shouldn't 2．（2024·天津南开·二模）They queued (排队) for two hours for nothing. They _________ have been told the tickets were sold out. A．would B．may C．must D．should 3．（2024·天津河西·二模）I______ before I came to the new company, for my colleagues here are very friendly and helpful to me. A．couldn’t worry B．couldn’t have worried C．needn’t worry D．needn’t have worried 4．（2024·天津河东·一模）I ______ you about your mistakes, but I didn’t think you would listen to me. A．could have told B．must have told C．should tell D．might tell 5．（2023·天津十二区重点校·一模）Zhang Guimei, a famous moral model, ________ a better life, but caring for neither, she devoted herself to changing the fates of children in the mountains. A．could have enjoyed B．may enjoy C．must have enjoyed D．can enjoy 6．（2023·天津和平·一模）You ________so slowly. I just needed a few seconds to get used to your voice. A．shouldn’t speak B．couldn’t have spoken C．don’t have to D．needn’t have spoken 7．（2022·天津滨海新·一模）—The computer keeps reminding me “Error, can’t save the file”. —Well, you _____ the software yesterday as the technician recommended. This old version doesn’t work well. A．should have updated B．must have updated C．couldn’t have updated D．needn’t have updated 8．（2022·天津部分区·一模）— I think you ________ there in person; a phone call would have been fine. — It is a good chance to know more of you from your parents. A．couldn’t have been B．needn’t have been C．wouldn’t be D．shouldn’t be 9．（2021·天津耀华·三模）I appreciate your kindness very much, but you________ have bought such an expensive present. A．needn't B．mustn't C．wouldn't D．couldn't 10．（2021·天津和平·二模）---Mary, I got lost. ---Sorry, I________ a map for you. A．must have drawn B．should draw C．could draw D．ought to have drawn 【考点三：情态动词词义辨析】 31．（2023·天津卷第二次）We _________bother with details, for our teammates will do everything in their power to help us. A．mustn’t B．daren’t C．needn’t D．can’t 32．（2024·天津十二区重点校·二模）—Could you give me a ride to the airport? I’m going to be late. — Come with me. I’ll take the nearest route and you ______ be in time for your flight. A．shall B．need C．dare D．have to 33．（2024·天津耀华·二模）—Sorry, Tony. I’m too busy to attend the meeting this Saturday. —Well, you ________ attend it if you truly can’t spare the time. A．shouldn’t B．needn’t C．can’t D．mustn’t 34．（2024·天津九校·二模）I love spring because I______ endure the cold of winter or avoid the burning sun of summer in spring. A．mustn’t B．needn’t C．can’t D．shouldn’t 35．（2024·天津耀华·二模）The HR director announced, “Candidates _______ remain in your seats until all the papers have been collected.” A．can B．shall C．would D．need 36．（2024·天津南开·一模）I know he was wrong, but I ________ tell him because he never listens. A．mustn’t B．daren’t C．needn’t D．oughtn’t 37．（2024·天津十二区重点校·一模）Whenever I visited my grandmother’s house, I ______ rush to the kitchen for the stinky tofu with excitement. A．shall B．would C．must D．may 38．（2024·天津部分区·一模）Look, double yellow lines! You ________ park here. A．wouldn’t B．mustn’t C．needn’t D．daren’t 39．（2024·天津河北·一模）—The test is very important to us. Do you think so? —Yes, so we ________ be too careful during the test. A．mustn’t B．daren’t C．needn’t D．can’t 40．（2024·天津和平·一模）People liked O. Henry’s stories, because simple as the tales were, they ______ finish with a sudden change at the end, to the readers’ surprise. A．could B．would C．might D．must 41．（2023·天津河西·三模）—Ethan is asking whether he must attend the meeting tomorrow. — Well, he ______ if he has something else to do. A．mustn’t B．needn’t C．shouldn’t D．can’t 42．（2023·天津滨海新·三模）Waking up suddenly ________lead to rapid heart rate and high blood pressure. A．must B．would C．can D．shall 43．（2023·天津耀华·一模）I asked in the bookshop about Will Dutton’s latest book, but all they ________tell me was that it would come out before the end of the year. A．might B．must C．could D．should 44．（2023·天津和平·二模）Next time, read the small print in the document before you sign it. You ________ make the same mistake again. A．mustn’t B．needn’t C．don’t have to D．wouldn’t 45．（2023·天津河东·二模）“Those responsible for the accident ________be punished while those contributing to solving the problems be rewarded.” promised the official then and there. A．need B．shall C．must D．should 46．（2023·天津部分区·一模）It’s eleven o’clock already. ______ you watch the movie at such a late hour? A．Can B．Must C．May D．Shall 47．（2023·天津滨海新·一模）—The computer ________start. What’s the matter with it? —Let me look. Well, the power was cut off just now. A．shan’t B．needn’t C．won’t D．mustn’t 48．（2022·天津河西·三模）Although the climate in our city is good, yet the temperature ________ fall to 14 centigrade below freezing point in winter. A．should B．shall C．can D．may 49．（2022·天津南开·三模）________ you make so much noise, Jimmy? Your little sister is still sleeping. A．Can’t B．Must C．May D．Won’t 50．（2022·天津耀华·一模）Angela reasoned with Simon, trying to persuade him to change his mind, but Simon ________ not listen to her. A．can B．would C．must D．should 51．（2022·天津和平·三模）As a smoker, you ________ remember that the damage passive smoking does to people’s health and people’s lives is also very serious. A．can B．would C．must D．might 52．（2022·天津河西·二模）一Excuse me, can I use your computer to type a report? 一You________ have my computer if you take good care of it. A．shall B．might C．should D．need 53．（2022·天津宁河·二模）You ________allow a golden opportunity to slip through your fingers or you will regret it later. A．may not B．wouldn’t C．needn’t D．mustn’t 54．（2022·天津河西·一模）One of the few things you ________ say about British people with certainty is that they can talk a lot about the weather. A．can B．must C．should D．need 55．（2024·天津十二区重点校·一模）—Oh, God! I was almost hit by the car. It was driving so fast! —This is a busy crossroad. You ______ be too careful when crossing the street. A．may not B．needn’t C．mustn’t D．cannot ( 2 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 重难点06 单项选择之情态动词 考点 三年考情分析 2025考向预测 情态动词 2023年6月：needn’t （不必） 2021年6月：may have done (推测) 2021年3月：could （可能） 近年来，单项选择题中重点考查考生在不同语境下对情态动词的基本用法和表推测用法的具体理解。 预计2025年，单项选择题在情态动词表推测的用法和情态动词+have done的用法。考生要在语言实践中、在具体语境中体会并掌握情态动词的基本用法和特殊用法，特别是表推测的用法。 【核心识记】 情态动词的基本含义 情态动词 含义 例句 can/could 表示能力，译为“能，能够”（could 常用于表示过去的能力） The police still haven’t found the missing child, but they’re doing all they can. 警察还没有找到那个失踪的孩子，但是他们正在做所能做的一切。 表示推测，译为“可能” It can be quite windy here, especially in spring. 这里有时候可能会起大风,特别是在春季。 表示请求、允许，译为“可以，能” Could you tell me how I can get to the railway station? 你能告诉我如何到火车站吗？ may/might 表示请求、允许，译为“可以，能”（might比may语气更委婉） -- May I take the book out? 我可以把这本书带出去吗？ -- I'm afraid not. 恐怕不可以。 用于祈使句，表示祝愿 May we never forget each other. 愿我们彼此永不相忘。 must 必须（否定为mustn’t） I think you must inform him of the change of the schedule right now. 我认为你必须马上通知他日程的变化。 偏要，非得 Why must she interrupt? 她为什么偏要打断呢？ 表示推测，译为“一定”（“不可能，一定不”用can’t） He must be the wanted man: he’s exactly like the one in the picture. 他一定就是那个通缉犯：他和照片上的人一模一样。 should 应该 We should learn from each other. 我们应该互相学习。 竟然，怎么会 I got on the bus and who should be sitting in front of me but Tony! 我上了公共汽车，没想到坐在我前面的竟然是托尼! shall 第一人称疑问句中，表示征求意见 Shall we go to the theatre by bus? 我们乘公共汽车去剧院，好不好？ 第二、三人称陈述句中，表示说话人给对方的允诺、命令、警告或威胁 You shall have one if you go to bed as soon as possible. 如果你尽快上床睡觉，你就可以听到一个故事。（表允诺） Candidates shall remain in their seats until all the papers have been collected. 考生必须留在座位上，等所有试卷收好以后方可离去。（表命令） will/would 表示意志或意愿。 You can stay here as long as you want, if you will. 如果你愿意，你想在这里待多久都可以。 表示习惯。will表示现在的习惯，译为“总是，习惯于”；would 表示过去的习惯，译为“过去常常” She will listen to music, alone in her room for hours.她总是独自一个人在房间里听音乐，一听就是几个小时。 He would get up early when he lived in the country. 他住在乡下的时候经常起得很早。 表示事物的某种性质和倾向，或按照规律“会，注定会……” Oil will float on water. 油会浮在水面上。 need 需要 （needn’t = don’t have to 不需要，不必） I needn’t/don’t have to worry about my weekend. 我没有必要担心我的周末。 dare 敢于 I wondered if you dared finish the task alone. 我想知道你是否敢独自完成这个任务。 cannot but do sth. 不得不，只好做某事 I cannot but choose to go. 我只好选择去。 can't help doing sth. =can't help but do sth. 忍不住做某事 I can’t help thinking about the past. 我不禁回想起过去。 She couldn’t help but wonder what he was doing. 她不禁琢磨着他在做些什么。 may well 可能 He may well be right. 他很可能是对的。 may as well 不如 We may as well stay where we are. 我们不如待在原地。 can not (或never等否定词) + enough/ too/too much 再……也不为过 We can’t thank you too much. 我们再怎么感谢你都不为过。 【体系建构】 （建议用时：40分钟） 【考点一：表推测】 1．（2021·天津卷第二次）---I honestly don't think I'm going to be admitted. ---Well, you never know! You________ a better impression than you think. A．may have made B．should have made C．couldn't have made D．needn't have made 【答案】A 【详解】考查情态动词用法。句意：—老实说，我觉得我不会被录取。—唉，谁知道呢!你给人的印象可能比你想象的要好。A.may have made 可能；B.should have made本应该做；C.couldn't have made不可能做；D.needn't have made本不必做。根据句意可知，此处表示的是有可能，故选A。 2．（2021·天津卷第一次）It used to be that you ___drive for miles here without seeing another person, but now there are houses and people everywhere. A．need B．should C．could D．must 【答案】C 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：以前你可能在这里开了几英里，都没见过别人，但现在到处都是房子和人。A. need 需要；B. should 应该，理应如此； C. could 可能，表示对客观可能性的推测；D. must 一定，必须。根据前半句意思可知，表示的是对客观可能性的推测。故选C。 3．（2024·天津和平·二模）—Jimmy, how did your final exam go? —I thought I_______, but the result was not so bad. A．might have failed B．shall have failed C．should have failed D．must have failed 【答案】A 【详解】考查情态动词+have done结构。句意：——吉米，你期末考试怎么样？——我想我可能会失败，但结果并不是那么糟糕。A. might have failed可能会失败；B. shall have failed将会失败；C. should have failed应该会失败；D. must have failed肯定失败了。根据but the result was not so bad可知，作者本以为自己可能会失败，但是结果还可以。故选A。 4．（2024·天津河东·二模）—I think I saw John in the library yesterday. —You ________ him; he is still on business. A．can’t have seen B．needn’t see C．mightn’t see D．mustn’t have seen 【答案】A 【详解】考查情态动词用法。句意：——我想我昨天在图书馆看到约翰了。——你不可能看到他；他还在出差。根据上下句句意可知，此处为对过去的推测，故需用“情态动词+have done”结构，故排除B、C项。must have done没有否定形式，表示对过去事实或状态的否定推测时用can’t/couldn’t have done。故选A项。 5．（2024·天津部分区·二模）The cake __________ have been carefully baked for hours based on its delicious taste. A．must B．need C．should D．would 【答案】A 【详解】考查情态动词+完成式的辨析。句意：这蛋糕一定是经过精心烘烤了好几个小时才做出的美味。A. must一定；B. need需要；C. should应该，表示本该做却没有做；D. would将会，本来会做，表示对过去事情的假设。根据后文based on its delicious taste可知，此处表达对过去发生的事情做出的肯定推测，用must have done。故选A。 6．（2024·天津九校·一模）Jason is telling kids something interesting in the living room. He ______ have had a brilliant journey in Beijing. A．must B．should C．could D．would 【答案】A 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：杰森正在客厅给孩子们讲一些有趣的事情。他在北京的旅行一定很愉快。根据上下句句意可知，此处为情态动词must+ have done表示“对过去事情的肯定推测”，此处表示“他在北京的旅行一定很愉快”，满足句意要求。故选A项。 7．（2024·天津和平·三模）My laptop ______ be old, but it still works really well. A．can B．could C．may D．would 【答案】C 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：我的笔记本电脑或许旧了，但它仍然工作得很好。A.can能够；B.could能够；C.may或许；D.would将。根据下文but it still works really well，此处表示事实上的可能性，用may ，can表示逻辑上的可能性。故选C。 8．（2024·天津滨海新·三模）The first attempt at making a lantern proved more challenging than the boy ever ______ have imagined. A．could B．must C．needn’t D．shouldn’t 【答案】A 【详解】考查情态动词的固定用法。句意：男孩发现，制作灯笼的第一次尝试比他想象的更具挑战性。分析句子可知，这个题考查的是could have done的固定结构，表示对过去的一种可能性猜测。这个男孩是在过去想象灯笼是否好做，could have imagined便是这个意思，故选A项。 9．（2024·天津北辰·三模）The high school student answered all the questions properly. In my view, he ______ have read many books. A．must B．should C．need D．could 【答案】A 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：这个高中生把所有的问题都答得很好。在我看来，他一定读了很多书。must have done必定做了……(表示对过去的推测)，should have done原本该做但是没做，need have done本需要做某事却没有做，could have done本能做某事却没有做，结合“The high school student answered all the questions properly.”可知，此处指我认为这个高中生过去一定读了很多书。故选A项。 10．（2023·天津耀华·二模）—Congratulations! You ________ great efforts for the English speech contest. —Thanks. I do appreciate my teacher’s guidance. A．must have made B．should have made C．could make D．would make 【答案】A 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：——祝贺你!你一定为这次英语演讲比赛下了很大的功夫。——谢谢。我很感激老师的指导。A. must have done一定已经做了；B. should have done本应做；C. could do能做；D. would do会做。根据句意可知，演讲很成功，说话人向演讲者表达祝贺，说话人推测演讲者在此之前一定为这次比赛下了很大的功夫；对过去情况的肯定推测用must have done结构，意为“一定做了……”。故选A项。 11．（2023·天津河北·二模）During our trip to the Great Wall last week, I couldn’t help but think it ________have been a huge project to build it in ancient times. A．should B．must C．would D．need 【答案】B 【详解】考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：上周我们去长城的时候，我不禁想，在古代修建长城一定是一项浩大的工程。A. should应该；B. must必须；C. would将；D. need需要。must have done“一定做过某事”表示对过去的事情的肯定性推测。根据“to build it in ancient times.”可知，古代建长城一定是一项浩大的工程。故选B。 12．（2024·天津红桥·一模）—The woman biologist had stayed in Africa studying wild animals for 13 years before she returned. —Oh dear! She ________ a lot of difficulties! A．may go through B．must have gone through C．should have gone through D．might go through 【答案】B 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：——这位女生物学家在非洲研究野生动物长达13年才回国。——哦，天啊！她一定经历了很多困难！go through意为“经历”；根据语境可知，说话人所表示的是“她一定克服了很多困难”，表示对过去事实的肯定推测。故选B项。 13．（2022·天津南开·一模）With no gravity to push against, astronauts’ bones and muscles ________become weak. A．should B．must C．can D．need 【答案】C 【详解】考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：由于没有重力的推动，宇航员的骨骼和肌肉可能会变得脆弱。A. should应该；B. must必须，一定；C. can能，可能（表可能性）；D. need需要。由“With no gravity to push against, astronauts’ bones and muscles”和“become weak”可知，句子表示“由于没有重力的推动，宇航员的骨骼和肌肉可能会变得脆弱”，空格处表示“可能会”，应用can表推测，故选C。 14．（2023·天津红桥·一模）—It’s nearly a quarter to eight. Beth hasn’t turned up yet. —She________ the time. Why don’t I call and see what happened? A．shouldn’t have forgotten B．might have forgotten C．needn’t have forgotten D．must have forgotten 【答案】B 【详解】考查情态动词+have done用法。句意：——现在快八点一刻了。贝丝还没出现。——她也许忘记了时间。我为什么不打电话看看发生了什么？根据句意可知，贝丝没有按时出现，我想打电话看看发生了什么，由此可知，贝丝也许忘记了时间，“might have done”表示“也许已经做了某事”，符合语境，“shouldn’t have done”表示“本不该做某事，而实际上做了”，“needn’t have done”表示“本不必做某事，而实际上做了”，“must have done”表示“必定做了某事（表示对过去的推测）”，均不符合语境。故选B项。 15．（2022·天津南开·二模）Using supercomputer, many labs are now conducting experiments that ________ possible in the past. A．would have been B．might have been C．shouldn’t have been D．couldn’t have been 【答案】D 【详解】考查情态动词+have done表推测。句意：许多实验室现在使用超级计算机进行试验，这在几年前是不可能的。A.would have been本来会（却没）；B.might have been过去可能已经；C.shouldn’t have been本不应该；D. couldn’t have been（本不可能）。根据时间状语in the past可知，此处表示“过去不可能”，应该用couldn’t have done，故选D项。 16．（2022·天津部分区·二模）This ___________an improvement, but “breakthrough” was an overstatement. A．can have been B．should have been C．may have been D．need have been 【答案】C 【详解】考查情态动词+have done。句意：这或许是一种进步，但“突破”一词言过其实。A. can have been可能是；B. should have been应该是；C. may have been或许是；D. need have been需要是。根据空后“but “breakthrough” was an overstatement.”可知，这或许是一种进步，但“突破”一词言过其实。may have been符合语境。故选C。 17．（2022·天津河北·二模）—I wonder why Robert hasn’t shown up at the interview yet. It’s a pity if he missed. —I’m not sure, but he ________ in a traffic jam riding here. A．could be stuck B．should be stuck C．must have been stuck D．might have been stuck 【答案】D 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：——我想知道为什么罗伯特还没有出现在采访中。 如果他错过了，那就太可惜了。 ——我不确定，但他可能是在这里骑车时被堵车了。A. could be stuck可能堵车了；B. should be stuck应该堵车了；C. must have been stuck一定是堵车了；D. might have been stuck可能堵车了。此处表示对于过去已经发生的事情的推测应该用情态动词的完成式，且根据句意可知，应用被动语态，故选D项。 18．（2022·天津和平·一模）He speaks English with a strong American accent, so he ______ brought up in Britain. A．couldn’t be B．shouldn’t be C．can’t have been D．needn’t have been 【答案】C 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：他说英语带有很重的美国口音，所以他不可能是在英国长大的。分析句意可知，此处用情态动词+have done形式表示对过去情况的推测，所以排除A项和B项；在根据“with a strong American accent(带有很重的美国口音)”可知，他不可能是在英国长大的，所以此处用情态动词 can’t 表示“不可能”符合语境。故选C项。 19．（2022·天津新华中学·一模）In the country Bhutan, weather ______ vary dramatically from place to place, day to day or even within the same day. A．can B．shall C．must D．need 【答案】A 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：在不丹，不同的地方，不同的日子，甚至在同一天，天气都有可能有很大的差异。A. can可能；    B. shall应该；C. must必须；D. need需要。根据语境分析，can有时可能会（用于偶尔的可能性），用于此处阐述天气比较合适。故选A项。 20．（2022·天津南开·一模）There was no sign of a break-in, so the thieves ________ someone on the inside helping them. A．might have B．should have had C．could have D．must have had 【答案】D 【详解】考查情态动词用法。句意：没有闯入的迹象，所以盗贼们肯定有内应帮助他们。根据“There was no sign of a break-in”可知，此处是指对过去事实的推测，排除A项和C项；should have done表示“本应该做确没做某事”，此处表示对过去事实的肯定推测，需用must have done这种形式。故选D。 【考点二：本……（实际行动正相反）】 1．（2020·天津卷第二次）You ____________ have scolded him for his poor performance. After all, he had done his best. A．must B．should C．mustn’t D．shouldn't 【答案】D 【详解】考查情态动词+ have done。句意：你本不应该因为他表现不好而责骂他。毕竟，他已经尽力了。根据前后句关系可知此处表示“本不该”是 shouldn't have done指做了本不该做的事，must have done表示对过去发生的事情的肯定性推测；should have done表示应当做某事而实际上未做；mustn’t不和have done连用。故选D。 2．（2024·天津南开·二模）They queued (排队) for two hours for nothing. They _________ have been told the tickets were sold out. A．would B．may C．must D．should 【答案】D 【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：他们白白排队两个小时。他们本应该被告知票已经卖完了。A. would将会；B. may可能；C. must必须；D. should应该。根据空后have been told the tickets were sold out以及常识可知，他们本应该被告知票已经卖完了，这样他们就不需要白白排队两个小时，空处应用should，should have done结构表示“本应该做某事却没做”，符合题意。故选D项。 3．（2024·天津河西·二模）I______ before I came to the new company, for my colleagues here are very friendly and helpful to me. A．couldn’t worry B．couldn’t have worried C．needn’t worry D．needn’t have worried 【答案】D 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：在我来到新公司之前，我本不必担心，因为这里的同事对我非常友好和乐于助人。根据下文“for my colleagues here are very friendly and helpful to me”可知，我本不必担心到新公司的事情，因为这里的同事对我非常友好和乐于助人，但实际上是担心了。needn’t have done意为“本不必做某事，但实际上做了”，符合本题语境；couldn’t have done意为“不可能做了某事”，表示对过去的一种推测。couldn’t do sth. 意为“不能做某事”，needn’t do sth.意为“不需要做某事”，均不符合语境。故选D。 4．（2024·天津河东·一模）I ______ you about your mistakes, but I didn’t think you would listen to me. A．could have told B．must have told C．should tell D．might tell 【答案】A 【详解】考查情态动词 。句意：我本可以告诉你你的错误，但我认为你不会听我的。A. could have done本可以做某事而没有做；B. must have done一定做过某事；C. should do应该做某事；D. might do可能做某事。根据“but I didn’t think you would listen to me.”可知，本可以告诉你你的错误。故选A。 5．（2023·天津十二区重点校·一模）Zhang Guimei, a famous moral model, ________ a better life, but caring for neither, she devoted herself to changing the fates of children in the mountains. A．could have enjoyed B．may enjoy C．must have enjoyed D．can enjoy 【答案】A 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：张桂梅，一位著名的道德模范，本可以享受更好的生活，但两者她都不关心，她致力于改变山区儿童的命运。根据情态动词的用法，表示“原本……”含义的情态动词结构为：could have + 过去分词，A项“could have enjoyed(本能够享受)”与句子表达的含义一致，故选A项。 6．（2023·天津和平·一模）You ________so slowly. I just needed a few seconds to get used to your voice. A．shouldn’t speak B．couldn’t have spoken C．don’t have to D．needn’t have spoken 【答案】D 【详解】考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：你没有必要说得那么慢。我只需要几秒钟就能习惯你的声音。A. shouldn’t speak不应该说；B. couldn’t have spoken不能说；C. don’t have to不必；D. needn’t have spoken没有必要说。结合语意，我只需要很短的时间就能习惯你的声音，所以你没有必要说得那么慢。故选D项。 7．（2022·天津滨海新·一模）—The computer keeps reminding me “Error, can’t save the file”. —Well, you _____ the software yesterday as the technician recommended. This old version doesn’t work well. A．should have updated B．must have updated C．couldn’t have updated D．needn’t have updated 【答案】A 【详解】考查should have done用法。句意：——电脑一直提醒我“出错了，不能保存文件”。——嗯，你昨天本应该按照技术人员的建议更新软件的。这个旧版本不太好用。A.should have updated本应该更新；B. must have updated肯定更新了；C. couldn’t have updated不可能更新了；D. needn’t have updated本不必要更新。根据“This old version doesn’t work well.”可知，此处表示“昨天本应该更新软件”，should have done表示过去本应该做而没做的事情。故选A项。 8．（2022·天津部分区·一模）— I think you ________ there in person; a phone call would have been fine. — It is a good chance to know more of you from your parents. A．couldn’t have been B．needn’t have been C．wouldn’t be D．shouldn’t be 【答案】B 【详解】考查情态动词对过去事实的推测。句意：——我认为你本不需要亲自到场，打个电话就可以了。——这是一个很好的机会，可以从你父母那里了解你更多的情况。A. couldn’t have been不可能； B. needn’t have been 本不必；C. wouldn’t be 将不；D. shouldn’t be不应该。结合句中“a phone call would have been fine.”可知，本句表示对过去发生事实的推测，此处指一个电话就可以解决的事情，不需要亲自来，然而你却来了。所以此处应用“本不必来的”，故选B。 9．（2021·天津耀华·三模）I appreciate your kindness very much, but you________ have bought such an expensive present. A．needn't B．mustn't C．wouldn't D．couldn't 【答案】A 【详解】考查情态动词+have done。句意：我非常感谢你的好意，但你不必买这么昂贵的礼物。A.  needn't have done本不必做；B. mustn't have done肯定没做；C. wouldn't have done不会做；D. couldn't have done本来做不成的。根据前后文语境，表示“本不必买这么昂贵的礼物”应用needn't have done。故选A。 10．（2021·天津和平·二模）---Mary, I got lost. ---Sorry, I________ a map for you. A．must have drawn B．should draw C．could draw D．ought to have drawn 【答案】D 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：——玛丽，我迷路了。——对不起，我本应该给你画张地图的。根据“Mary, I got lost.”可知，对过去事情的推测，所以用情态动词+have done。 must have done表示对过去事情肯定的推测；ought to have done表示过去本应该做某事却未做。根据句意，故选D。 【考点三：情态动词词义辨析】 31．（2023·天津卷第二次）We _________bother with details, for our teammates will do everything in their power to help us. A．mustn’t B．daren’t C．needn’t D．can’t 【答案】C 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：我们不必为细节而烦恼，因为我们的队友会尽全力帮助我们。A. mustn’t禁止；B. daren’t不敢；C. needn’t不必；D. can’t不能。根据“for our teammates will do everything in their power to help us”可知，因为我们队友会全力帮助我们，所以我们不必为细节烦恼。故选C。 32．（2024·天津十二区重点校·二模）—Could you give me a ride to the airport? I’m going to be late. — Come with me. I’ll take the nearest route and you ______ be in time for your flight. A．shall B．need C．dare D．have to 【答案】A 【详解】考查情态动词的用法。句意：——你能送我去机场吗？我要迟到了。——跟我来。我会走最近的路线，你应该能赶上你的航班。A. shall应该；B. need需要；C. dare敢；D. have to必须。根据句意，此处表示说话人对将来的一种推测或者预测，用shall。故选A。 33．（2024·天津耀华·二模）—Sorry, Tony. I’m too busy to attend the meeting this Saturday. —Well, you ________ attend it if you truly can’t spare the time. A．shouldn’t B．needn’t C．can’t D．mustn’t 【答案】B 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：——对不起，托尼。我太忙了，不能参加这个星期六的会议。——嗯，如果你真的抽不出时间，你就不必参加了。A. shouldn’t不应该；B. needn’t不必；C. can’t不能； D. mustn’t禁止，不允许。根据“if you truly can’t spare the time.”可知，抽不出时间就不必参加星期六的会议了。故选B。 34．（2024·天津九校·二模）I love spring because I______ endure the cold of winter or avoid the burning sun of summer in spring. A．mustn’t B．needn’t C．can’t D．shouldn’t 【答案】B 【详解】考查情态动词的用法。句意：我喜欢春天，因为在春天我不必忍受冬天的寒冷或避开夏天的烈日。A. mustn’t禁止；B. needn’t不必；C. can’t不能；D. shouldn’t不应该。根据句意，春天是一个温和的季节，不需要避免极端的冷或热，needn’t符合题意，故选B项。 35．（2024·天津耀华·二模）The HR director announced, “Candidates _______ remain in your seats until all the papers have been collected.” A．can B．shall C．would D．need 【答案】B 【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：人力资源总监宣布：“候选人应留在座位上，直到所有试卷都收集完毕。”A. can 能够，可能；B. shall必须，应该；C. would将，会；D. need需要。根据句意可知，此处表示规定，应用情态动词shall，表示规定、警告、命令。故选B。 36．（2024·天津南开·一模）I know he was wrong, but I ________ tell him because he never listens. A．mustn’t B．daren’t C．needn’t D．oughtn’t 【答案】C 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：我知道他错了，但我不必告诉他，因为他从来不听。A. mustn’t禁止，不许；B. daren’t不敢；C. needn’t不必；D. oughtn’t不应该。结合because he never listens可知，空格处应表达“不必”，故用 needn’t。故选C。 37．（2024·天津十二区重点校·一模）Whenever I visited my grandmother’s house, I ______ rush to the kitchen for the stinky tofu with excitement. A．shall B．would C．must D．may 【答案】B 【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：从那时起，每当我去奶奶家，我都会兴奋地冲进厨房吃臭豆腐。A. shall将要，用于一般将来时；B. would将会；C. must必须；D. may可能。根据上文“Whenever I visited my grandmother’s house”可知，此处主句为过去将来时，为would+动词原形。故选B。 38．（2024·天津部分区·一模）Look, double yellow lines! You ________ park here. A．wouldn’t B．mustn’t C．needn’t D．daren’t 【答案】B 【详解】考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：看，双黄线！你禁止在这里停车。A. wouldn’t不会；B. mustn’t禁止；C. needn’t不需要；D. daren’t不敢。由“double yellow lines”可知，句子表示“你禁止在这里停车”，空格处表示“禁止”，故选B。 39．（2024·天津河北·一模）—The test is very important to us. Do you think so? —Yes, so we ________ be too careful during the test. A．mustn’t B．daren’t C．needn’t D．can’t 【答案】D 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：——考试对我们来说非常重要。你认为是吗?——是的，所以我们在考试时再认真都不为过。A.must't禁止；B.daren't不敢； C.neednt不必；D.can't不能。分析结构可知这向话使用“can't be too+形容词”的句型，意为“再……都不为过”。故选D。 40．（2024·天津和平·一模）People liked O. Henry’s stories, because simple as the tales were, they ______ finish with a sudden change at the end, to the readers’ surprise. A．could B．would C．might D．must 【答案】B 【详解】考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：人们喜欢欧·亨利的故事，因为这些故事虽然简单，但往往会在结尾突然发生变化，让读者感到惊讶。A. could可能；B. would常常；C. might也许；D. must必须。此处表示过去的习惯，“would + 动词原形”表示过去常常做某事。故选B。 41．（2023·天津河西·三模）—Ethan is asking whether he must attend the meeting tomorrow. — Well, he ______ if he has something else to do. A．mustn’t B．needn’t C．shouldn’t D．can’t 【答案】B 【详解】考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：——伊桑在问他是否必须参加明天的会议。——嗯，如果他有别的事要做，就不用了。A. mustn’t禁止；B. needn’t不需要；C. shouldn’t不应该；D. can’t不能。根据上下句句意可知，此处为情态动词needn’t“不需要”，满足句意要求。故选B项。 42．（2023·天津滨海新·三模）Waking up suddenly ________lead to rapid heart rate and high blood pressure. A．must B．would C．can D．shall 【答案】C 【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：突然醒来会导致心率加快和高血压。A. must一定；B. would将会；C. can可能；D. shall将要。此处表示推测，意为“能够，可以”应用can，故选C。 43．（2023·天津耀华·一模）I asked in the bookshop about Will Dutton’s latest book, but all they ________tell me was that it would come out before the end of the year. A．might B．must C．could D．should 【答案】C 【详解】考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：我在书店询问威尔·达顿的新书，但他们只能告诉我，这本书将在今年年底前出版。A. might也许；B. must必须；C. could能够；D. should应该。根据“I asked in the bookshop about Will Dutton’s latest book,”可知，书店店员只能告诉这本书将在今年年底前出版。故选C。 44．（2023·天津和平·二模）Next time, read the small print in the document before you sign it. You ________ make the same mistake again. A．mustn’t B．needn’t C．don’t have to D．wouldn’t 【答案】A 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：下次，在你签署文件之前，先看看上面的小字。你不允许再犯同样的错误了。A. mustn't禁止；B.needn't没必要；C.don't have to不必；D.wouldn't不愿意。根据句意可知，此处表示禁止在犯同样的错误，故选A。 45．（2023·天津河东·二模）“Those responsible for the accident ________be punished while those contributing to solving the problems be rewarded.” promised the official then and there. A．need B．shall C．must D．should 【答案】B 【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：“对事故负有责任的人要受到处罚，对解决问题有贡献的人要受到奖励。”那个官员当场答应道。A. need需要；B. shall（表示说话者的意图、允诺、告诫、警告、命令、决心等）一定会，必须，应该，可以；C. must必须，一定；D. should应该。shall用于第二、三人称表示“允诺，警告，命令”等语气。这里是表示“命令”的语气。故选B。 46．（2023·天津部分区·一模）It’s eleven o’clock already. ______ you watch the movie at such a late hour? A．Can B．Must C．May D．Shall 【答案】B 【详解】考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：已经11点了。这么晚了，你一定要看电影吗？A. Can能，可以；B. Must必须，一定，偏要；C. May可以，可能；D. Shall(表示说话人的允诺、命令、决心等，用于陈述句的第二、三人称)必须，应，可。情态动词must可以表示坚持或固执，表达“偏要，偏偏”符合语境。故选B项。 47．（2023·天津滨海新·一模）—The computer ________start. What’s the matter with it? —Let me look. Well, the power was cut off just now. A．shan’t B．needn’t C．won’t D．mustn’t 【答案】C 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：——计算机无法启动。它怎么了？——让我看看。嗯，刚才停电了。A. shan’t不应该；B. needn’t不需要；C. won’t不会；D. mustn’t禁止。根据句意，此处指“计算机无法启动”，应用情态动词will，表示事物的倾向、特征和趋势。故选C。 48．（2022·天津河西·三模）Although the climate in our city is good, yet the temperature ________ fall to 14 centigrade below freezing point in winter. A．should B．shall C．can D．may 【答案】C 【详解】考查情态动词用法。句意：虽然我们城市的气候很好，但是冬天的温度有时可以降到冰点以下14摄氏度。A.should应该；B.shall将要，将会；C.can有时会；D.may也许。根据“Although the climate in our city is good”和“fall to 14 centigrade below freezing point in winter”可知，此处是指冬天时温度有时会降到冰点以下14摄氏度。故选C。 49．（2022·天津南开·三模）________ you make so much noise, Jimmy? Your little sister is still sleeping. A．Can’t B．Must C．May D．Won’t 【答案】B 【详解】考查情态动词用法。句意：Jimmy你非要弄出这么多噪音吗？你妹妹还在睡觉。A. Can’t不能，不可能；B. Must必须，非要，偏要，一定；C. May可以，可能；D. Won’t不会。结合语境，此处表示指责，用must“偏要，非要”符合。故选B。 50．（2022·天津耀华·一模）Angela reasoned with Simon, trying to persuade him to change his mind, but Simon ________ not listen to her. A．can B．would C．must D．should 【答案】B 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：安吉拉与西蒙进行了辩论，试图说服他改变主意，但西蒙不愿听。A. can能、可以；B. would（表达愿望）会，将会；C. must必须；D. should应该。结合句意可知，此处用表达愿望的情态动词would。故选B项。 51．（2022·天津和平·三模）As a smoker, you ________ remember that the damage passive smoking does to people’s health and people’s lives is also very serious. A．can B．would C．must D．might 【答案】C 【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：作为一名吸烟者，你必须记住被动吸烟对人们的健康和生活的损害也是非常严重的。A. can能；B. would将会，表示某事的可能性；C. must必须，有很大可能性；D. might可能，表示可能性很小。根据后文“the damage passive smoking does to people’s health and people’s lives is also very serious”可知，指必须记住被动吸烟对人们的健康和生活的损害也是非常严重的。故选C。 52．（2022·天津河西·二模）一Excuse me, can I use your computer to type a report? 一You________ have my computer if you take good care of it. A．shall B．might C．should D．need 【答案】A 【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：——不好意思，我能不能用你的电脑打一份报告？——如果你好好使用我的电脑，我就把它送给你。A. shall可以（用于第二、三人称时，表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺或威胁）；B. might可能；C. should应该；D. need需要。由“if you take good care of it”可知，句子表示“如果你好好使用我的电脑，我就把它送给你”，空格处意为“可以”，表示允诺，故选A。 53．（2022·天津宁河·二模）You ________allow a golden opportunity to slip through your fingers or you will regret it later. A．may not B．wouldn’t C．needn’t D．mustn’t 【答案】D 【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：你千万不能让绝好的机会从指缝间溜走，否则你以后会后悔的。A. may not也许不；B. wouldn’t不会；C. needn’t不必；D. mustn’t一定不要。根据“or you will regret it later.”可知，一定不要将机会溜走，否则会后悔的，应用情态动词mustn’t。故选D。 54．（2022·天津河西·一模）One of the few things you ________ say about British people with certainty is that they can talk a lot about the weather. A．can B．must C．should D．need 【答案】A 【详解】考查情态动词的用法。句意：关于英国人，你可以肯定的为数不多的事情之一就是他们可以谈论很多关于天气的话题。A. can可以，能够；B. must必须；C. should表示责任和义务；D. need需要。根据语境，表示“可以，能够”应用can。故选A。 55．（2024·天津十二区重点校·一模）—Oh, God! I was almost hit by the car. It was driving so fast! —This is a busy crossroad. You ______ be too careful when crossing the street. A．may not B．needn’t C．mustn’t D．cannot 【答案】D 【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：——哦,上帝! 我差点被车撞了。 它开得真快! ——这是一个繁忙的十字路口。 过马路时越小心越好。 A. may not可能不；B. needn't不需要；C. mustn't禁止，不准；D. cannot不能。根据句意以及句式结构，可知此处考查can't be too + adj. （再...也不为过）。故选D项。 ( 2 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$