精品解析：甘肃省靖远县第二中学2024-2025学年高三上学期1月期末英语试题

2025年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 英语模拟测试 本试卷共150分 考试时间120分钟 注意事项： 1．答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 When did the table tennis match end? A. At 2 am. B. At 3 am. C. At 5 am. 2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 How does the woman probably feel? A. Embarrassed. B. Thrilled. C. Annoyed. 3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Whose birthday party are the speakers talking about? A. Aden’s. B. Aden’s sister’s. C. Aden’s brother’s. 4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What does the man probably do? A. A receptionist. B. A head teacher. C. A driver. 5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What does the woman ask the man to show? A. His passport. B. His photograph. C. His registration book. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 6. Where are the speakers? A. In a shop. B. At the man’s home. C. At a clinic. 7. How often should the man take the medicines? A. Once a day. B. Twice a day. C. Three times a day. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 8. What are the speakers planning? A. A summer vacation. B. A family reunion. C. A business trip. 9. How long do the speakers plan to stay in Greece? A. A week. B. Ten days. C. A month. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 10. Why did Lucy start gardening? A. To save money on groceries. B. To grow her own food and flowers. C. To sell home-grown vegetables. 11. What does Lucy think of gardening? A. Joyful. B. Boring. C. Effortless. 12. What does Lucy suggest James do? A. Ignore gardening. B. Start gardening. C. Tend to her garden. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 13. Why does Anna show interest in astronomy? A. She desires to be an astronaut. B. She has got a telescope as a gift. C. She has a fascination with stars. 14. Where does Anna prefer to go for stargazing? A. Her backyard. B. Less light-polluted areas. C. The city center. 15 How has Anna’s new hobby affected her? A. It has made her want to travel more. B. It has increased her curiosity about space. C. It has led her to change her career path. 16. What does Tom encourage Anna to do? A. Stick to her exploration. B. Have her own lab. C. Enjoy new world wonders. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 17. How old was Alfred Nobel when he invented dynamite? A. 19 years old. B. 33 years old. C. 36 years old. 18. In what form is the prize money awarded? A. In dollars. B. In euros. C. In Swedish kronor. 19. Who decides the winner of the Nobel Prize for Economics? A. Alfred Nobel. B. A secret committee. C. The Bank of Sweden. 20. What is the topic of this speech? A. The Nobel Prize. B. Great achievements. C. Alfred Nobel’s life. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Library Officer/ Assistant Library Officer Job: Full-time Non-Academic School/ Unit: Library Closing Date: 18 May Major Duties and Responsibilities ·Assisting in supervising and coordinating operations of the circulation section of the library; ·Assisting in staff supervision and training, and policy review and implementation; ·Handling library user enquires and contacting with internal and external parties; ·Supervising and coordinating the resources sharing activities that collaborate with local and overseas partners; ·Assisting in general administrative duties including office management, event organization and budgeting; ·Performing counter and shift duties during weekdays, weekends and public holidays; ·Performing any other duty as assigned by the librarian Candidates Candidates should possess the following qualifications, experience and competence: ·A recognized degree, preferably in library and information science; ·Relevant work experience. Candidates with experience in providing Interlibrary Loans Services to other institutions will be advantageous; ·Experience in and knowledge of an Integrated Library Management System, preferably the Alma and Primo systems; ·Good command of written and spoken English and Chinese; ·Strong problem-solving, interpersonal and organizational skills; ·Good analytical/ logical sense, self-motivated and with a strong sense of responsibility. Candidates with less relevant experience may be considered for appointment as Assistant Library Officer. Candidates may be invited to attend a written test focusing on troubleshooting skills. 21. What is the primary responsibility mentioned for the Library Officer role? A. Supervising library circulation. B. Conducting library research. C. Hiring library employees. D. Teaching library science. 22. What is highlighted as an advantage for candidates applying for this position? A. Having a library science degree. B. Previous administrative experience. C. Proficiency in a foreign language. D. Experience in Interlibrary Loan Services. 23. What could be the likely reason for inviting candidates to a written test? A. To evaluate their interpersonal skills. B. To test their proficiency in Chinese. C. To assess their problem-solving abilities. D. To measure their administrative experience. B Sandhill cranes circled around our bird blind, a converted shipping container set into the riverbank, and dropped out of the sky in groups, landing gently in the Platte River in central Nebraska. “It looks like one big mass of birds,” explained our guide from a conservation group called Crane Trust. “But they actually stay in family groups for their entire migration.” “How do they keep track of their mates?” I asked. “They look alike to us, but I bet they look different to each other,” replied a woman in a green coat. I turned away from the birds to study her face. She had wide-set eyes, a ski-jump nose, and short gray hair. Was she the same woman I was chatting with on the van ride here? To my eye, humans are nearly as interchangeable as cranes. I have a neurological disorder known as face blindness. As a kid, I couldn’t seem to make any friends. I’d hit it off with someone one day and then treat them like a stranger the next. My classmates thought that I was weirdly (古怪地) hot and cold. In college I abruptly switched strategies — from treating everyone like a stranger to treating everyone like a friend. It was, I thought, a major improvement. This is also true for the sandhill cranes. When humans replaced wetlands with farmlands, the birds adapted their diet to include crops like corn. The sandhill cranes, however, are uncompromising in at least one regard: They need wide, shallow waterways to roost in — and that’s why, during much of the year, the Crane Trust staff move young trees and prevent shrubbery (灌木) from rooting along the riverbanks. As a result, sandhill crane populations have been steadily increasing every year. Still curious about the cranes, I skimmed a few papers and discovered that cranes probably do look alike, even to each other. But their calls are distinctive. This is how cranes keep track of their family members throughout their migration — not with their eyes but their ears. 24. What can be learned about the bird watching? A. It was done in a hilly setting. B. It was focused on crane migration. C. It was conducted with facial recognition. D. It was guided by a conservationist. 25. What does the author mainly talk about in paragraph 5? A. Her college life. B. Her classmates’ opinions. C. Her childhood adventures. D. Her changing social strategies. 26. What is a primary reason for the increasing population of sandhill cranes? A. The expansion of wetlands. B. The variety of food sources. C. The maintenance of habitats. D. The reduction of predators. 27. What does the last paragraph serve as? A. A clarification of how cranes identify each other. B. An explanation of cranes’ physical differences. C. A comparison of cranes’ vision and hearing. D. A description of cranes’ migration patterns. C On June 26, 1974, at the Marsh Supermarket in Troy, Ohio, as in major groceries throughout the country, cashiers would ring up items by manually entering the price of each on a cash register. That day, though, saw something new: A cashier named Sharon Buchanan rang up a packet of Wrigley’s Juicy Fruit chewing gum by using a new device to scan a symbol on the packaging that’d indicate the cost. The rectangular (长方形的) device with four light sensors, named Spectra-Physics Model A price scanner, would change shopping forever, making checkout a piece of cake. Since 1970, the grocery industry had been exploring the potential of bar code scanning. Despite some skepticism from shoppers and clerks - many customers missed the old hand-placed price tags on each product - the checkout process itself was undeniably smoother. The store manager at Marsh’s declared a victory for all shoppers: “This system will remove cashier error, and it ensures the customer that she’s getting the full advantage of price breaks on items sold in multiples.” The first use of the price scanner was also good news for the bar code, a world-shifting idea that had been languishing since its invention in 1949 by Norman Joseph Woodland and Bernard Silver, graduates of Philadelphia’s Drexel Institute of Technology. The bar code was created by stretching Morse code’s vocabulary of dots and dashes. Finally, with the arrival of the microcomputer and the creation of laser scanner technology in the early 1970s, National Cash Register Company and Spectra-Physics company collaborated to develop the Spectra-Physics Model A, which used a laser to read bar codes. This technology translated the reflected light into data that matched product descriptions and prices, even on a pack of chewing gum. Marking the dawn of the “frictionless” technology, the scanner’s design immediately declared its glittering modernity. While much of 19th-century technology tended not to hide its gears and wheels, most operations of a supermarket scanner take place out of sight. Now the descendants of the 1974 scanner are all around us - foremost in the universal self-checkout register - all thanks to the revolution that began 50 years ago, when Sharon Buchanan scanned the gum. 28. What significant event occurred at the Marsh’s on June 26, 1974? A. The introduction of self-checkout machines. B. The first use of the bar code scanning device. C. The launch of a new brand of chewing gum. D. The practice of a new cash register system. 29. What does the underlined word “languishing” in paragraph 3 mean? A. Recognized. B. Deniable. C. Valuable. D. Unchanged. 30. What do we know about the Spectra-Physics Model A price scanner? A. It was first used in 1970. B. It relied on a manual input system. C. It read bar codes and translated the reflected light. D. It was invented by two graduates from Philadelphia. 31. Why is the 19th-century scanner technology mentioned in the last paragraph? A. To show the challenges faced by inventors then. B. To highlight the visibility of early scanning technologies. C. To illustrate the historical context of technological innovation. D. To emphasize the great progress in scanner technology. D A new study has found that feeding dogs uncooked meat increases their risk of excreting E. coli (大肠杆菌) that is resistant to a widely-used antibiotic, therefore increasing the potential that the bacteria will be passed on to owners and other people and cause infections that may be difficult to treat. The main cause of antibiotic resistance is antibiotic overuse. The more we use antibiotics, the more opportunities bacteria have to become resistant to them. Fluoroquinolones are a class of broad-spectrum antibiotics that are used in both human and veterinary medicine. However, their widespread use has driven up resistance rates, prompting attempts to reduce the use of fluoroquinolones in many settings. Now, a new study by researchers at the University of Bristol has found that feeding dogs uncooked meat increases their risk of excreting E. coli bacteria that are resistant to ciprofloxacin, a widely used fluoroquinolone antibiotic. “Our aim was not to focus on raw dog food, but to investigate what might make a dog more likely to excrete resistant E. coli in its feces (排泄物),” said Jordan Sealey, lead author of the study. “Our study found a very strong association between excreting ciprofloxacin- resistant E. coli and feeding dogs a raw food diet.” E. coli are found in the intestines (肠) of people and animals, and can be passed between them, usually due to poor hygiene (卫生) or handling food polluted with fecal material, including uncooked meat. The bacteria can cause urinary and bloodstream infections in humans and can stay in the intestines for years without causing an infection. The researchers recruited 600 healthy adult dogs and collected their fecal samples. Each sample was tested to see if the E. coli present were resistant to ciprofloxacin. In addition the dogs’ owners completed a survey that provided details about their dogs, their diet, the environments the dogs walked in and whether the dogs had been treated with antibiotics. Analysis of those dogs’ samples showed that feeding them uncooked meat was strongly associated with the excretion of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. “Raw meat — whether intended for human consumption after cooking or sold as raw dog food — is likely to be polluted with antibiotic-resistant E. coli,” said Matthew Avison, the study’s corresponding author. “Cooking kills the bacteria, and good hand hygiene reduces the immediate risk of these bacteria being swallowed and getting into a person’s intestines.” 32. What is the primary concern identified with feeding dogs uncooked meat? A. Digestive issues in dogs. B. Nutritional imbalances. C. Increased aggressiveness in dogs. D. Transmission of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. 33. What factor contributes to the rise in antibiotic resistance according to the text? A. Poor quality of dog food. B. Overuse of antibiotics. C. Lack of vaccination in dogs. D. Limited access to veterinary care. 34. What is a potential consequence of E. coli transmission from dogs to humans? A. Serious flu. B. Allergic reactions. C. Indigestion problems. D. Serious infections. 35. What preventive measure is suggested in the text to reduce the risk? A. Regular dog vaccination. B. Cooking meat thoroughly. C. Frequent dog bathing. D. Limiting dog-human interaction. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 When you get “in the zone” for your job or a big meeting, you might have a particular song you play or an outfit you wear to feel powerful and focused. But don’t discount the power of scent. ____36____ Scent experts share why and offer their own tips as to how you can find the one that works best for you. ____37____ “Pleasant smells are associated with better performance, probably through improved mood, whereas unpleasant smells impair performance, most likely due to negative mood,” said Mark Moss, head of the psychology department at Northumbria University, who has researched the effects of scent on mood and cognition. Another important reason scents can help us work better is related to the way how they interact with our brain. The olfactory bulb that sits behind the nose and processes what you smell has projections into more areas of the brain than any other sense organ. Scents are made up of small volatile (易挥发的) compounds. ____38____ Then they cross into the bloodstream and get delivered straight to the brain. On your quest for the ideal productivity-boosting scent, you don’t just need to stick to one scent. ____39____ “People may like specific scents at work or home, but they need to expose themselves to multiple scents over time to gain a cognitive advantage,” said Michael Leon, a neurobiologist behind the study. If you want to apply this finding to your everyday life, pay attention to what interesting and novel smells you encounter each day. ____40____ Also keep in mind that your perfect productivity scent might be different from someone else’s. In other words, what you may find comforting, another person may find totally off-putting. A. One reason is that we like good smells. B. When we breathe in these, they are passed into the lungs. C. It could help improve your own memory recall and focus. D. Your sense of smell relies on your nose’s recognition of tiny particles. E. A study finds that exposure to multiple smells is a good idea. F. The variety of answers could also be tied to your personal memories. G. There’s a science behind why certain scents make us work and think better. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 For schools in or near the path of the April 8’s total eclipse (日全食) , the event has inspired lessons in science, literacy and culture. Some schools are also organizing group ____41____ for students to experience the awe of daytime ____42____ and learn about the astronomy behind it together. The school system in Portville, New York, near the Pennsylvania line, plans to____43____ its 500 7th - through 12th-grade students onto buses and drive about 15 minutes into the ____44____, to an old horse barn overlooking a ____45____. There, they will be able to ____46____ the shadow of the eclipse as it arrives around 3:20 pm EST. It requires ____47____ the hours of the school day to remain in session, but Superintendent Thomas Simon said staff did not want to____48____ on the learning opportunity, especially at a time when students experience so much of life through screens. “We want them to leave here that day____49____ they’re a very small part of a pretty magnificent planet that we live on, and the world that we live in, and that there are some real _____50_____ things that we can experience in the natural world,” Simon said. In _____51_____ future science teachers, University at Buffalo professor Noemi Waight has encouraged her student teachers to incorporate how culture _____52_____ the way people experience an eclipse. Native Americans, for example, may view the total eclipse as something _____53_____, she said. “This is important for our teachers to _____54_____,” she said, “so when they’re teaching, they can address all of these _____55_____.” 41. A. meetings B. viewings C. findings D. writings 42. A. temperature B. schedule C. observation D. darkness 43. A. guide B. push C. load D. transfer 44. A. corner B. background C. garage D. path 45. A. canal B. platform C. valley D. garden 46. A. cast B. approach C. trace D. cross 47. A. interrupting B. rearranging C. dividing D. treasuring 48. A. miss out B. catch up C. follow up D. cut down 49. A. predicting B. commenting C. feeling D. confirming 50. A. reasonable B. accidental C. confusing D. amazing 51. A. accompanying B. training C. assessing D. testing 52. A. explores B. shapes C. starts D. fixes 53. A. common B. predictable C. familiar D. sacred 54. A. understand B. compare C. complete D. defend 55. A. elements B. dilemmas C. definitions D. exhibitions 第二节（10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The history of the Bronze Age in the wide region of Southwest China has hardly been systematically and adequately recorded in any ____56____ (history) literature. Since the 1930s, archaeologists ____57____ (focus) on the Sanxingdui site in Sichuan Province as a key to this problem. ____58____ particular, two major archaeological excavations of the sacrificial area of the Sanxingdui site in 1986 and 2021 unearthed extremely large ____59____ (quantity) of bronze, jade, gold artifacts and elephant tusks. These artifacts are of peculiar shapes and include a number of remains rarely ____60____ (see) in East Asia, such as sacred trees, bronze altars, large human figures and gold masks. The ancient remains found at the Sanxingdui site show us ____61____ an ancient civilization once flourished in the Sichuan Basin. The exquisite artifacts of ____62____ Sanxingdui civilization demonstrate a high level of artistic design and craftsmanship of bronze, gold and jade products. At the same time, these artifacts ____63____ (collect) seem to reflect a socio-political and religious system ____64____ is different from that civilization of the Central Plain during the same period. The important archaeological discoveries at Sanxingdui once again highlight the rich _____65_____ (diverse) of the developmental trajectory (轨迹) of the early civilizations in diverse geographical and cultural background. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 66. 假定你是李华，上周五你们班邀请了一位音乐家来学校上了一堂音乐课。请你给你的英国朋友Chris写一封邮件分享这次经历，内容包括： （1）音乐家分享的内容； （2）你的收获。 注意： （1）写作词数应80个左右； （2）请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 Dear Chris, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节（满分25分） 67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Tom was having a terrible day. It had started off badly when he had gotten into an argument with his best friend at school. They had been working on a group project together and couldn’t agree on what to do. The argument had escalated quickly and they had both said things they didn’t mean. To make matters worse, Tom had also failed a math test that day. He had studied hard for it, but the questions had been much harder than he had expected. He felt embarrassed and extremely disappointed in himself. When Tom got home from school, he was in a terrible mood. He was feeling angry and upset about everything that had happened. His mom greeted him at the door with a smile and asked him how his day was. Tom didn’t want to talk about it. He was feeling overwhelmed by his emotions and just wanted to be left alone. Instead of answering his mom’s question, he snapped at her and said something hurtful. His mom was taken aback by his sudden outburst. She didn’t understand why Tom was so angry and assumed that he was just in a difficult situation. They got into a heated argument and Tom stormed off to his room, slamming the door behind him. Tom felt terrible about what had happened. He knew that he shouldn’t have taken his anger out on his mom, but he didn’t know how to make things right. He lay on his bed for a while, feeling regretful and alone. He thought about everything that had happened that day and felt like the world was against him. He wondered if he would ever be able to make things right with his best friend and if he would ever be good at math. 注意： （1）续写词数应为150个左右； （2）请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 After some time had passed, Tom’s mom knocked on his door. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ She told him that everyone has bad days sometimes and that it’s okay to feel upset. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$null 2025年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 英语模拟测试 本试卷共150分 考试时间120分钟 注意事项： 1．答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 When did the table tennis match end? A. At 2 am. B. At 3 am. C. At 5 am. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】W: Did you watch the table tennis match last night? It was incredible. M: No. I fell asleep half an hour before the match began. When I woke up at 5 this morning, the match had been over for 3 hours. 2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 How does the woman probably feel? A. Embarrassed. B. Thrilled. C. Annoyed. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】M: Do you have any freshly-squeezed orange juice? W: Oh, no. I’m out of orange juice. Would you like some apple juice? M: That would be okay. W: Oh, sorry. Out of apple juice. Why not go out to have some coffee then? 3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Whose birthday party are the speakers talking about? A. Aden’s. B. Aden’s sister’s. C. Aden’s brother’s. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】W: Aden, it’s Jessica’s 18th birthday. Promise me you’re going home soon to help us throw her an awesome birthday party. And Jessica has been expecting her beloved brother. M: I promise you, Mom. 4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What does the man probably do? A. A receptionist. B. A head teacher. C. A driver. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】W: Hello, Mr Clark. This is Linda Smith. I want to have a talk with you about my son’s transferring to this school. M: All right, Mrs Smith. You can come to my office at 2:30 this afternoon. 5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What does the woman ask the man to show? A. His passport. B. His photograph. C. His registration book. 【答案】C 【解析】 【原文】M: I understand I’m supposed to register. W: Has the school sent your passport up to London? M: Yes. And I have uploaded my photograph. W: Then, please present your registration book. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 6. Where are the speakers? A In a shop. B. At the man’s home. C. At a clinic. 7. How often should the man take the medicines? A. Once a day. B. Twice a day. C. Three times a day. 【答案】6. C 7. B 【解析】 【原文】W: How can I help you, sir? M: Well, I had a slight backache this morning. W: Does it happen frequently, sir? M: No. Since the beginning of this month, I guess. W: OK. I’ll prescribe two types of medicines for you. M: Do I have to drink them every meal? W: No. You just have to drink every morning and before going to bed. M: Thanks. How much do they cost? W: They cost $14. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 8. What are the speakers planning? A. A summer vacation. B. A family reunion. C. A business trip. 9. How long do the speakers plan to stay in Greece? A. A week. B. Ten days. C. A month. 【答案】8. A 9. B 【解析】 【原文】W: Hey, Tim, have you thought about our summer vacation? I was thinking of going somewhere warm and sunny. M: Absolutely, Sarah. How about visiting Greece? It has beautiful beaches and a rich history. W: Greece sounds wonderful! I’d love to explore ancient ruins. Do you think a week would be enough? M: Maybe ten days would be better and then we can include Athens and a few islands in our schedule. We can also try their delicious food. W: Great idea! Let’s start planning and look for flights and hotels. It’s going to be an exciting trip. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 10. Why did Lucy start gardening? A. To save money on groceries. B. To grow her own food and flowers. C. To sell home-grown vegetables. 11. What does Lucy think of gardening? A. Joyful. B. Boring. C. Effortless. 12. What does Lucy suggest James do? A. Ignore gardening. B. Start gardening. C. Tend to her garden. 【答案】10 B 11. A 12. B 【解析】 【原文】M: Hey, Lucy, you’ve started gardening, right? How’s that going? W: Hi, James, it’s going well. I’m growing vegetables and flowers in my backyard. M: That’s great. What made you start gardening? W: I wanted to try growing my own food. I love the idea of having fresh flowers at home. M: What kind of vegetables are you growing? W: Right now, I have tomatoes, lettuce and cucumbers. They’re easy for beginners. M: And the flowers? W: I’ve planted roses and sunflowers. They’re starting to bloom and look beautiful. M: That sounds rewarding. Are you finding gardening difficult? W: There’s a lot to learn, but it’s enjoyable. I spend my weekends tending to the garden. M: It must be nice to see everything grow. W: You are right. It’s amazing to see the results of your work. You should try it too. M: Maybe I will. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 13. Why does Anna show interest in astronomy? A. She desires to be an astronaut. B. She has got a telescope as a gift. C. She has a fascination with stars. 14. Where does Anna prefer to go for stargazing? A Her backyard. B. Less light-polluted areas. C. The city center. 15. How has Anna’s new hobby affected her? A. It has made her want to travel more. B. It has increased her curiosity about space. C. It has led her to change her career path. 16. What does Tom encourage Anna to do? A. Stick to her exploration. B. Have her own lab. C. Enjoy new world wonders. 【答案】13. C 14. B 15. B 16. A 【解析】 【原文】M: Hi, Anna, I heard you’ve taken up astronomy as a hobby. W: Hi, Tom, yes, I have! I’ve always been fascinated by stars and planets since I was a child. M: That’s interesting. Do you have a telescope? W: I do! I recently got one. It’s amazing to see the night sky up close. M: What have you observed so far? W: I’ve been able to see the Moon’s craters and even spotted Jupiter. M: That sounds incredible. Do you go to specific places to observe? W: Yes, I try to find spots with less light pollution. It makes a big difference in what you can see. M: How often do you stargaze? W: Whenever the weather’s clear, usually on weekends. M: Has this new hobby influenced you in any other way? W: Yes. It’s made me more curious about space and science in general. M: It seems like a fascinating world to explore. W: It really is. The universe is full of wonders. M: Keep enjoying it, Anna. Maybe you’ll discover a new star someday. W: Thanks, Tom. That would be a dream. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 17. How old was Alfred Nobel when he invented dynamite? A. 19 years old. B. 33 years old. C. 36 years old. 18. In what form is the prize money awarded? A. In dollars. B. In euros. C. In Swedish kronor. 19. Who decides the winner of the Nobel Prize for Economics? A. Alfred Nobel. B. A secret committee. C. The Bank of Sweden. 20. What is the topic of this speech? A. The Nobel Prize. B. Great achievements. C. Alfred Nobel’s life. 【答案】17. B 18. C 19. C 20. A 【解析】 原文】W: One of the greatest achievements in the world is to win the Nobel Prize. It has been given to people since 1901. There are prizes for physics, chemistry and medicine. There are also prizes for literature, economics and peace. The Nobel Prize is named after Alfred Nobel. He was born in Stockholm, Sweden, in 1833. Alfred Nobel invented dynamite, a type of explosive, in 1866. Dynamite is used in mining, construction and war. Before he died, he wrote that all of his money should be used to create the Nobel Prize. He died in 1896. Each prize has three parts: a diploma, a gold medal and money. The money has increased since 1980. It is now ten million Swedish kronor. This is about nine hundred thousand euros. How are the winners chosen? Five committees secretly meet to pick the winners. The Nobel Prize for Economics is the only one that is not decided that way. This is because it was created in 1968 by the Bank of Sweden in honor of Alfred Nobel. The Bank of Sweden decides who gets the Nobel Prize for Economics. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Library Officer/ Assistant Library Officer Job: Full-time Non-Academic School/ Unit: Library Closing Date: 18 May Major Duties and Responsibilities ·Assisting in supervising and coordinating operations of the circulation section of the library; ·Assisting in staff supervision and training, and policy review and implementation; ·Handling library user enquires and contacting with internal and external parties; ·Supervising and coordinating the resources sharing activities that collaborate with local and overseas partners; ·Assisting in general administrative duties including office management, event organization and budgeting; ·Performing counter and shift duties during weekdays, weekends and public holidays; ·Performing any other duty as assigned by the librarian. Candidates Candidates should possess the following qualifications, experience and competence: ·A recognized degree, preferably in library and information science; ·Relevant work experience. Candidates with experience in providing Interlibrary Loans Services to other institutions will be advantageous; ·Experience in and knowledge of an Integrated Library Management System, preferably the Alma and Primo systems; ·Good command of written and spoken English and Chinese; ·Strong problem-solving, interpersonal and organizational skills; ·Good analytical/ logical sense, self-motivated and with a strong sense of responsibility. Candidates with less relevant experience may be considered for appointment as Assistant Library Officer. Candidates may be invited to attend a written test focusing on troubleshooting skills. 21. What is the primary responsibility mentioned for the Library Officer role? A. Supervising library circulation. B. Conducting library research. C. Hiring library employees. D. Teaching library science. 22. What is highlighted as an advantage for candidates applying for this position? A. Having a library science degree. B. Previous administrative experience. C. Proficiency in a foreign language. D. Experience in Interlibrary Loan Services. 23. What could be the likely reason for inviting candidates to a written test? A. To evaluate their interpersonal skills. B. To test their proficiency in Chinese. C. To assess their problem-solving abilities. D. To measure their administrative experience. 【答案】21. A 22. D 23. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了一则图书馆职员招聘信息，包括岗位职责和应聘者应具备的条件。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据Major Duties and Responsibilities中“Assisting in supervising and coordinating operations of the circulation section of the library; (协助监督和协调图书馆流通部门的运作。)”可知，图书馆职员的主要职责之一是监督和协调图书馆流通部门的运作。BCD选项均与原文实意不符。故选A项。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据Candidates中“Relevant work experience. Candidates with experience in providing Interlibrary Loans Services to other institutions will be advantageous; (相关工作经验。有向其他机构提供馆际互借服务经验者优先考虑。)”可知，申请这个职位的候选人最突出的优势是有馆际互借服务经验。故选D项。 【23题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章最后一句话“Candidates may be invited to attend a written test focusing on troubleshooting skills. (候选人可能会被邀请参加笔试，重点是考察分析解决问题能力。)”可知，邀请候选人参加笔试的可能原因是评估他们解决问题的能力。故选C项。 B Sandhill cranes circled around our bird blind, a converted shipping container set into the riverbank, and dropped out of the sky in groups, landing gently in the Platte River in central Nebraska. “It looks like one big mass of birds,” explained our guide from a conservation group called Crane Trust. “But they actually stay in family groups for their entire migration.” “How do they keep track of their mates?” I asked. “They look alike to us, but I bet they look different to each other,” replied a woman in a green coat. I turned away from the birds to study her face. She had wide-set eyes, a ski-jump nose, and short gray hair. Was she the same woman I was chatting with on the van ride here? To my eye, humans are nearly as interchangeable as cranes. I have a neurological disorder known as face blindness. As a kid, I couldn’t seem to make any friends. I’d hit it off with someone one day and then treat them like a stranger the next. My classmates thought that I was weirdly (古怪地) hot and cold. In college I abruptly switched strategies — from treating everyone like a stranger to treating everyone like a friend. It was, I thought, a major improvement. This is also true for the sandhill cranes. When humans replaced wetlands with farmlands, the birds adapted their diet to include crops like corn. The sandhill cranes, however, are uncompromising in at least one regard: They need wide, shallow waterways to roost in — and that’s why, during much of the year, the Crane Trust staff move young trees and prevent shrubbery (灌木) from rooting along the riverbanks. As a result, sandhill crane populations have been steadily increasing every year. Still curious about the cranes, I skimmed a few papers and discovered that cranes probably do look alike, even to each other. But their calls are distinctive. This is how cranes keep track of their family members throughout their migration — not with their eyes but their ears. 24. What can be learned about the bird watching? A. It was done in a hilly setting. B. It was focused on crane migration. C. It was conducted with facial recognition. D. It was guided by a conservationist. 25. What does the author mainly talk about in paragraph 5? A. Her college life. B. Her classmates’ opinions. C. Her childhood adventures. D. Her changing social strategies. 26. What is a primary reason for the increasing population of sandhill cranes? A. The expansion of wetlands. B. The variety of food sources. C. The maintenance of habitats. D. The reduction of predators. 27. What does the last paragraph serve as? A. A clarification of how cranes identify each other. B. An explanation of cranes’ physical differences. C. A comparison of cranes’ vision and hearing. D. A description of cranes’ migration patterns. 【答案】24. D 25. D 26. C 27. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者在内布拉斯加州普拉特河观察沙丘鹤的经历，重点介绍了这些鸟类的独特行为和适应能力。这位有脸盲症的叙述者反思了他们识别人的困难，并将其与鹤在视觉上区分彼此的困难进行了类比。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段““It looks like one big mass of birds,” explained our guide from a conservation group called Crane Trust. “But they actually stay in family groups for their entire migration.”(‘它看起来像一大群鸟，’我们的导游解释说，他来自一个名为Crane Trust的保护组织。‘但在整个迁徙过程中，它们实际上都是在家庭群体中度过的。’)”可知，这次观鸟活动是在一个自然环境保护主义者的带领下进行的。故选D项。 【25题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第五段“As a kid, I couldn’t seem to make any friends. I’d hit it off with someone one day and then treat them like a stranger the next. My classmates thought that I was weirdly (古怪地) hot and cold. In college I abruptly switched strategies — from treating everyone like a stranger to treating everyone like a friend. It was, I thought, a major improvement.(小时候，我似乎交不到任何朋友。我今天和某人很合得来，第二天就把他们当陌生人看待。我的同学们都觉得我冷热得奇怪。在大学里，我突然改变了策略——从把每个人都当成陌生人，变成把每个人都当成朋友。我认为这是一个很大的进步。)”可知，作者在第五段主要讲了她变化的社交策略。故选D项。 【26题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“The sandhill cranes, however, are uncompromising in at least one regard: They need wide, shallow waterways to roost in — and that’s why, during much of the year, the Crane Trust staff move young trees and prevent shrubbery (灌木) from rooting along the riverbanks. As a result, sandhill crane populations have been steadily increasing every year.(然而，沙丘鹤至少在一个方面是不妥协的：它们需要宽阔、浅的水道栖息——这就是为什么在一年中的大部分时间里，Crane Trust的工作人员会移走小树，防止灌木沿着河岸扎根。因此，沙丘鹤的数量每年都在稳步增长。)”可推知，沙丘鹤数量增加的主要原因是栖息地的维护。故选C项。 【27题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Still curious about the cranes, I skimmed a few papers and discovered that cranes probably do look alike, even to each other. But their calls are distinctive. This is how cranes keep track of their family members throughout their migration—not with their eyes but their ears.(出于对鹤的好奇，我浏览了几篇论文，发现鹤可能确实长得很像，甚至彼此之间也很像。但它们的叫声很独特。这就是鹤在迁徙过程中追踪家人的方式——不是用眼睛，而是用耳朵。)”可推知，最后一段的作用是阐明鹤是如何识别彼此的。故选A项。 C On June 26, 1974, at the Marsh Supermarket in Troy, Ohio, as in major groceries throughout the country, cashiers would ring up items by manually entering the price of each on a cash register. That day, though, saw something new: A cashier named Sharon Buchanan rang up a packet of Wrigley’s Juicy Fruit chewing gum by using a new device to scan a symbol on the packaging that’d indicate the cost. The rectangular (长方形的) device with four light sensors, named Spectra-Physics Model A price scanner, would change shopping forever, making checkout a piece of cake. Since 1970, the grocery industry had been exploring the potential of bar code scanning. Despite some skepticism from shoppers and clerks - many customers missed the old hand-placed price tags on each product - the checkout process itself was undeniably smoother. The store manager at Marsh’s declared a victory for all shoppers: “This system will remove cashier error, and it ensures the customer that she’s getting the full advantage of price breaks on items sold in multiples.” The first use of the price scanner was also good news for the bar code, a world-shifting idea that had been languishing since its invention in 1949 by Norman Joseph Woodland and Bernard Silver, graduates of Philadelphia’s Drexel Institute of Technology. The bar code was created by stretching Morse code’s vocabulary of dots and dashes. Finally, with the arrival of the microcomputer and the creation of laser scanner technology in the early 1970s, National Cash Register Company and Spectra-Physics company collaborated to develop the Spectra-Physics Model A, which used a laser to read bar codes. This technology translated the reflected light into data that matched product descriptions and prices, even on a pack of chewing gum. Marking the dawn of the “frictionless” technology, the scanner’s design immediately declared its glittering modernity. While much of 19th-century technology tended not to hide its gears and wheels, most operations of a supermarket scanner take place out of sight. Now the descendants of the 1974 scanner are all around us - foremost in the universal self-checkout register - all thanks to the revolution that began 50 years ago, when Sharon Buchanan scanned the gum. 28. What significant event occurred at the Marsh’s on June 26, 1974? A. The introduction of self-checkout machines. B. The first use of the bar code scanning device. C. The launch of a new brand of chewing gum. D. The practice of a new cash register system. 29. What does the underlined word “languishing” in paragraph 3 mean? A. Recognized. B. Deniable. C. Valuable. D. Unchanged. 30. What do we know about the Spectra-Physics Model A price scanner? A. It was first used in 1970. B. It relied on a manual input system. C. It read bar codes and translated the reflected light. D. It was invented by two graduates from Philadelphia. 31. Why is the 19th-century scanner technology mentioned in the last paragraph? A. To show the challenges faced by inventors then. B. To highlight the visibility of early scanning technologies. C. To illustrate the historical context of technological innovation. D. To emphasize the great progress in scanner technology. 【答案】28. B 29. D 30. C 31. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了条形码扫描器的发明和演变过程。 【28题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“That day, though, saw something new: A cashier named Sharon Buchanan rang up a packet of Wrigley’s Juicy Fruit chewing gum by using a new device to scan a symbol on the packaging that’d indicate the cost. The rectangular (长方形的) device with four light sensors, named Spectra-Physics Model A price scanner, would change shopping forever, making checkout a piece of cake. (不过，那天她看到了一些新东西：一位名叫莎伦·布坎南的收银员用一种新设备扫描包装上的价格符号，结账买了一包箭牌多汁水果口香糖。这个带有四个光传感器的矩形设备被命名为光谱物理模型A价格扫描仪，它将永远改变购物方式，使结账变得小菜一碟。)”可知，在1974年6月26日，俄亥俄州特洛伊市的马什超市首次使用条形码扫描器。故选B。 【29题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“The first use of the price scanner was also good news for the bar code (价格扫描仪的首次使用对条形码来说也是一个好消息。)”以及倒数第二段“Finally, with the arrival of the microcomputer and the creation of laser scanner technology in the early 1970s, National Cash Register Company and Spectra-Physics company collaborated to develop the Spectra-Physics Model A, which used a laser to read bar codes. (最后，随着20世纪70年代早期微型计算机的出现和激光扫描仪技术的发明，国家收银机公司和光谱物理公司合作开发了光谱物理模型A，它使用激光读取条形码。)”可知，20世纪70年代开发了激光读取条形码，说明条形码自1949年发明以来一直没有变化，故划线词意思是“没有变化的”。故选D。 【30题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“Finally, with the arrival of the microcomputer and the creation of laser scanner technology in the early 1970s, National Cash Register Company and Spectra-Physics company collaborated to develop the Spectra-Physics Model A, which used a laser to read bar codes. This technology translated the reflected light into data that matched product descriptions and prices, even on a pack of chewing gum. (最后，随着20世纪70年代早期微型计算机的出现和激光扫描仪技术的发明，国家收银机公司和光谱物理公司合作开发了光谱物理模型A，它使用激光读取条形码。这项技术将反射光转换成与产品描述和价格相匹配的数据，即使是在一包口香糖上。)”可知，A型光谱物理价格扫描仪读取条形码并翻译反射光。故选C。 【31题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Marking the dawn of the “frictionless” technology, the scanner’s design immediately declared its glittering modernity. While much of 19th-century technology tended not to hide its gears and wheels, most operations of a supermarket scanner take place out of sight. Now the descendants of the 1974 scanner are all around us - foremost in the universal self-checkout register - all thanks to the revolution that began 50 years ago, when Sharon Buchanan scanned the gum. (标志着“无摩擦”技术的黎明，扫描仪的设计立即宣布了其闪闪发光的现代性。虽然19世纪的大部分技术往往不会隐藏其齿轮和轮子，但超市扫描仪的大多数操作都是在视线之外进行的。现在，1974年扫描仪的后代就在我们身边——最重要的是在通用自助结账登记簿中——这一切都要归功于50年前开始的革命，当时莎伦·布坎南扫描了口香糖。)”可知，最后一段提到19世纪的扫描仪技术是为了强调扫描仪技术的巨大进步。故选D。 D A new study has found that feeding dogs uncooked meat increases their risk of excreting E. coli (大肠杆菌) that is resistant to a widely-used antibiotic, therefore increasing the potential that the bacteria will be passed on to owners and other people and cause infections that may be difficult to treat. The main cause of antibiotic resistance is antibiotic overuse. The more we use antibiotics, the more opportunities bacteria have to become resistant to them. Fluoroquinolones are a class of broad-spectrum antibiotics that are used in both human and veterinary medicine. However, their widespread use has driven up resistance rates, prompting attempts to reduce the use of fluoroquinolones in many settings. Now, a new study by researchers at the University of Bristol has found that feeding dogs uncooked meat increases their risk of excreting E. coli bacteria that are resistant to ciprofloxacin, a widely used fluoroquinolone antibiotic. “Our aim was not to focus on raw dog food, but to investigate what might make a dog more likely to excrete resistant E. coli in its feces (排泄物),” said Jordan Sealey, lead author of the study. “Our study found a very strong association between excreting ciprofloxacin- resistant E. coli and feeding dogs a raw food diet.” E. coli are found in the intestines (肠) of people and animals, and can be passed between them, usually due to poor hygiene (卫生) or handling food polluted with fecal material, including uncooked meat. The bacteria can cause urinary and bloodstream infections in humans and can stay in the intestines for years without causing an infection. The researchers recruited 600 healthy adult dogs and collected their fecal samples. Each sample was tested to see if the E. coli present were resistant to ciprofloxacin. In addition the dogs’ owners completed a survey that provided details about their dogs, their diet, the environments the dogs walked in and whether the dogs had been treated with antibiotics. Analysis of those dogs’ samples showed that feeding them uncooked meat was strongly associated with the excretion of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. “Raw meat — whether intended for human consumption after cooking or sold as raw dog food — is likely to be polluted with antibiotic-resistant E. coli,” said Matthew Avison, the study’s corresponding author. “Cooking kills the bacteria, and good hand hygiene reduces the immediate risk of these bacteria being swallowed and getting into a person’s intestines.” 32. What is the primary concern identified with feeding dogs uncooked meat? A. Digestive issues in dogs. B. Nutritional imbalances. C. Increased aggressiveness in dogs. D. Transmission of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. 33. What factor contributes to the rise in antibiotic resistance according to the text? A. Poor quality of dog food. B. Overuse of antibiotics. C. Lack of vaccination in dogs. D. Limited access to veterinary care. 34. What is a potential consequence of E. coli transmission from dogs to humans? A. Serious flu. B. Allergic reactions. C. Indigestion problems. D. Serious infections. 35. What preventive measure is suggested in the text to reduce the risk? A. Regular dog vaccination. B. Cooking meat thoroughly. C. Frequent dog bathing. D. Limiting dog-human interaction. 【答案】32. D 33. B 34. D 35. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍一项研究，研究发现，给狗喂食生肉会增加它们排泄耐氟喹诺酮类抗生素的大肠杆菌的风险，从而可能导致细菌传播给狗的主人或他人，引起肠道感染。 【32题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“A new study has found that feeding dogs uncooked meat increases their risk of excreting E. coli (大肠杆菌) that is resistant to a widely-used antibiotic, therefore increasing the potential that the bacteria will be passed on to owners and other people and cause infections that may be difficult to treat.(一项新的研究发现，给狗喂食未煮熟的肉会增加它们排出大肠杆菌的风险，大肠杆菌对一种广泛使用的抗生素具有耐药性，因此增加了细菌传播给主人和其他人的可能性，并导致可能难以治疗的感染。)”可知，给狗喂食生肉的主要问题是耐抗生素细菌的传播。故选D项。 【33题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“The main cause of antibiotic resistance is antibiotic overuse. The more we use antibiotics, the more opportunities bacteria have to become resistant to them.(抗生素耐药性的主要原因是抗生素的过度使用。我们使用抗生素越多，细菌产生抗药性的机会就越多。)”可知，过度使用抗生素导致抗生素耐药性上升。故选B项。 【34题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“E. coli are found in the intestines (肠) of people and animals, and can be passed between them, usually due to poor hygiene (卫生) or handling food polluted with fecal material, including uncooked meat. The bacteria can cause urinary and bloodstream infections in humans and can stay in the intestines for years without causing an infection.(大肠杆菌存在于人和动物的肠道中，通常由于卫生条件差或处理被粪便污染的食物（包括未煮熟的肉）而在它们之间传播。这种细菌可以引起人类的泌尿系统和血液感染，并且可以在肠道中存活（潜伏）数年而不引起感染。)”可知，大肠杆菌从狗传染给人类的潜在后果是严重感染。故选D项。 【35题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中““Raw meat — whether intended for human consumption after cooking or sold as raw dog food — is likely to be polluted with antibiotic-resistant E. coli,” said Matthew Avison, the study’s corresponding author. “Cooking kills the bacteria, and good hand hygiene reduces the immediate risk of these bacteria being swallowed and getting into a person’s intestines.”(该研究的通讯作者马修·艾维森说：“生肉——无论是烹饪后供人类食用还是作为生狗粮出售——都可能被耐抗生素的大肠杆菌污染。”“烹饪可以杀死细菌，良好的手部卫生可以降低这些细菌被吞下并进入人体肠道的直接风险。”)”可知，文中建议彻底煮熟肉来降低风险。故选B项。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 When you get “in the zone” for your job or a big meeting, you might have a particular song you play or an outfit you wear to feel powerful and focused. But don’t discount the power of scent. ____36____ Scent experts share why and offer their own tips as to how you can find the one that works best for you. ____37____ “Pleasant smells are associated with better performance, probably through improved mood, whereas unpleasant smells impair performance, most likely due to negative mood,” said Mark Moss, head of the psychology department at Northumbria University, who has researched the effects of scent on mood and cognition. Another important reason scents can help us work better is related to the way how they interact with our brain. The olfactory bulb that sits behind the nose and processes what you smell has projections into more areas of the brain than any other sense organ. Scents are made up of small volatile (易挥发的) compounds. ____38____ Then they cross into the bloodstream and get delivered straight to the brain. On your quest for the ideal productivity-boosting scent, you don’t just need to stick to one scent. ____39____ “People may like specific scents at work or home, but they need to expose themselves to multiple scents over time to gain a cognitive advantage,” said Michael Leon, a neurobiologist behind the study. If you want to apply this finding to your everyday life, pay attention to what interesting and novel smells you encounter each day. ____40____ Also keep in mind that your perfect productivity scent might be different from someone else’s. In other words, what you may find comforting, another person may find totally off-putting. A. One reason is that we like good smells. B. When we breathe in these, they are passed into the lungs. C. It could help improve your own memory recall and focus. D. Your sense of smell relies on your nose’s recognition of tiny particles. E. A study finds that exposure to multiple smells is a good idea. F. The variety of answers could also be tied to your personal memories. G. There’s a science behind why certain scents make us work and think better. 【答案】36. G 37. A 38. B 39. E 40. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了某些气味能让我们更好地工作和思考背后的科学原理。 【36题详解】 由上文“When you get “in the zone” for your job or a big meeting, you might have a particular song you play or an outfit you wear to feel powerful and focused. But don’t discount the power of scent. (当你对自己的工作或一场重要的会议进入“专注区”时，你可能会播放一首特别的歌，或者穿上一套让你觉得自己强大而专注的衣服。但不要忽视气味的力量。)”可知，本空应强调气味的作用，G选项“There’s a science behind why certain scents make us work and think better. (某些气味能让我们工作得更好、思考得更清晰的背后是有科学依据的。)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选G。 【37题详解】 由下文““Pleasant smells are associated with better performance, probably through improved mood, whereas unpleasant smells impair performance, most likely due to negative mood,” said Mark Moss, head of the psychology department at Northumbria University, who has researched the effects of scent on mood and cognition. (诺森比亚大学心理学系主任Mark Moss研究了气味对情绪和认知的影响，他说：“令人愉悦的气味与更好的表现有关，可能是通过改善情绪来实现的；而令人不快的气味会损害表现，很可能是由于负面情绪造成的。”)”可知，本段主要讲述了气味（尤其是愉悦的气味）对情绪和表现的影响，A选项“One reason is that we like good smells. (一个原因是，我们喜欢好闻的气味。)”符合题意，选项中的good smells对应下文中的Pleasant smells，且good smells是后文提到的愉悦的气味能提高表现和改善情绪的原因之一，能引出下文，符合题意。故选A。 【38题详解】 由上文“Scents are made up of small volatile (易挥发的) compounds. (气味是由小型的挥发性化合物组成的。)”及下文“Then they cross into the bloodstream and get delivered straight to the brain. (然后它们进入血液，直接被输送到大脑。)”可知，本段主要讲述了气味（挥发性化合物）如何影响大脑的过程，本空需要说明这些化合物如何被我们的身体接收和处理，B选项“When we breathe in these, they are passed into the lungs. (当我们吸入这些（挥发性化合物）时，它们会被吸入肺部。)”能承上启下，符合题意，选项中的these指代上文的small volatile compounds。故选B。 【39题详解】 由上文“On your quest for the ideal productivity-boosting scent, you don’t just need to stick to one scent. (在寻找能提高工作效率的理想气味的道路上，你不只需要坚持一种气味。)”及下文““People may like specific scents at work or home, but they need to expose themselves to multiple scents over time to gain a cognitive advantage,” said Michael Leon, a neurobiologist behind the study. (该研究背后的神经生物学家Michael Leon说：“人们可能喜欢工作或家庭中的特定气味，但随着时间的推移，他们需要接触多种气味以获得认知优势。”。)”可知，本空应说明研究发现人们需要接触多种气味，E选项“A study finds that exposure to multiple smells is a good idea. (一项研究发现，接触多种气味是个好主意。)”符合题意，承上启下，其中的exposure to multiple smells对应下文的expose themselves to multiple scents。故选E。 【40题详解】 由上文“If you want to apply this finding to your everyday life, pay attention to what interesting and novel smells you encounter each day. (如果你想将这个发现应用到你的日常生活中，那么请注意你每天遇到的有趣和新颖的气味。)”可知，这里在建议我们关注日常遇到的气味。接下来需要说明这样做的好处或结果。C选项“It could help improve your own memory recall and focus. (这有助于提高自己的记忆力和注意力。)”正好说明了关注日常气味的好处，能承接上文，符合题意。故选C。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 For schools in or near the path of the April 8’s total eclipse (日全食) , the event has inspired lessons in science, literacy and culture. Some schools are also organizing group ____41____ for students to experience the awe of daytime ____42____ and learn about the astronomy behind it together. The school system in Portville, New York, near the Pennsylvania line, plans to____43____ its 500 7th - through 12th-grade students onto buses and drive about 15 minutes into the ____44____, to an old horse barn overlooking a ____45____. There, they will be able to ____46____ the shadow of the eclipse as it arrives around 3:20 pm EST. It requires ____47____ the hours of the school day to remain in session, but Superintendent Thomas Simon said staff did not want to____48____ on the learning opportunity, especially at a time when students experience so much of life through screens. “We want them to leave here that day____49____ they’re a very small part of a pretty magnificent planet that we live on, and the world that we live in, and that there are some real _____50_____ things that we can experience in the natural world,” Simon said. In _____51_____ future science teachers, University at Buffalo professor Noemi Waight has encouraged her student teachers to incorporate how culture _____52_____ the way people experience an eclipse. Native Americans, for example, may view the total eclipse as something _____53_____, she said. “This is important for our teachers to _____54_____,” she said, “so when they’re teaching, they can address all of these _____55_____.” 41. A. meetings B. viewings C. findings D. writings 42. A. temperature B. schedule C. observation D. darkness 43. A. guide B. push C. load D. transfer 44. A. corner B. background C. garage D. path 45. A. canal B. platform C. valley D. garden 46. A. cast B. approach C. trace D. cross 47. A. interrupting B. rearranging C. dividing D. treasuring 48. A. miss out B. catch up C. follow up D. cut down 49. A. predicting B. commenting C. feeling D. confirming 50. A. reasonable B. accidental C. confusing D. amazing 51. A. accompanying B. training C. assessing D. testing 52. A. explores B. shapes C. starts D. fixes 53. A. common B. predictable C. familiar D. sacred 54. A. understand B. compare C. complete D. defend 55. A. elements B. dilemmas C. definitions D. exhibitions 【答案】41. B 42. D 43. C 44. D 45. C 46. C 47. B 48. A 49. C 50. D 51. B 52. B 53. D 54. A 55. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了为了让学生体验日全食，纽约州波特维尔的学校将学生们送往日全食路径上的一个旧马棚，在那里他们可以观赏日全食的阴影。为了配合观测活动，学校需要重新安排课程时间的故事。 【41题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一些学校还组织学生集体观看，让他们一起体验白天黑暗的敬畏，并了解其背后的天文学。A. meetings会议；B. viewings观看；C. findings发现；D. writings作品。根据下文“for students to experience the awe of daytime ____2____ and learn about the astronomy behind it together.”提到了解其背后的天文学，可知，此处应表示一些学校组织学生集体观看日全食。故选B项。 【42题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一些学校还组织学生集体观看，让他们一起体验白天黑暗的敬畏，并了解其背后的天文学。A. temperature温度；B. schedule日程表；C. observation观察；D. darkness黑暗。根据上文“the April 8’s total eclipse (日全食)”可知，日全食是一种白天的黑暗，此处应表示让他们一起体验白天黑暗的敬畏，并了解其背后的天文学。故选D项。 【43题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：位于宾夕法尼亚线附近的纽约波特维尔市的学校系统计划让500名7年级到12年级的学生坐上公交车，开车大约15分钟到达俯瞰山谷的旧马棚。A. guide指导；B. push推；C. load承载；D. transfer转移。根据下文“its 500 7th-through 12th-grade students onto buses”可知，此处应表示学校计划让500名7年级到12年级的学生坐上公交车去观看日全食。故选C项。 【44题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：位于宾夕法尼亚线附近的纽约波特维尔市的学校系统计划让500名7年级到12年级的学生坐上公交车，开车大约15分钟到达俯瞰山谷的旧马棚。A. corner角落；B. background背景；C. garage车库；D. path路径。根据上文“drive about 15 minutes into”以及下文“to an old horse barn”可知，此处应表示开车大约15分钟的路径。故选D项。 【45题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：位于宾夕法尼亚线附近的纽约波特维尔市的学校系统计划让500名7年级到12年级的学生坐上公交车，开车大约15分钟到达俯瞰山谷的旧马棚。A. canal运河；B. platform平台；C. valley山谷；D. garden花园。根据常识可知，观看日全食应该在高处为最佳观看点，由此可推知，开车大约15分钟到达俯瞰山谷的旧马棚。故选C项。 【46题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那里，他们将能够在美国东部时间下午3点20分左右追踪日食的阴影。A. cast投射；B. approach靠近；C. trace追踪；D. cross穿过。根据下文“the shadow of the eclipse”可知，此处应表示他们将在下午3点20分左右追踪日食的阴影。故选C项。 【47题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这需要重新安排学校一天的时间，以保持上课，但主管托马斯西蒙说，教职员工不想错过学习机会，特别是在学生通过屏幕体验如此多的生活的时候。A. interrupting打断；B. rearranging重新安排；C. dividing分开；D. treasuring珍惜。根据下文“the hours of the school day to remain in session”可知，此处应表示这需要重新安排学校一天的时间，以保持上课。故选B项。 【48题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：这需要重新安排学校一天的时间，以保持上课，但主管托马斯西蒙说，教职员工不想错过学习机会，特别是在学生通过屏幕体验如此多的生活的时候。A. miss out错过；B. catch up赶上；C. follow up跟进；D. cut down减少。根据下文“especially at a time when students experience so much of life through screens”可知，此处应表示教职员工不想错过学习机会，特别是在学生通过屏幕体验如此多的生活的时候。故选A项。 【49题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：西蒙说：“我们希望他们那天离开这里时，能感觉到他们只是我们生活的这个美丽星球和世界的一小部分，在自然界中我们可以体验到一些真正令人惊奇的事情。”A. predicting预测；B. commenting评论；C. feeling感觉到；D. confirming证实。根据下文“they’re a very small part of a pretty magnificent planet that we live on”可知，此处应表示希望学生们那天离开时，能感觉到他们只是生活的这个美丽星球和世界的一小部分。故选C项。 【50题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：西蒙说：“我们希望他们那天离开这里时，能感觉到他们只是我们生活的这个美丽星球和世界的一小部分，在自然界中我们可以体验到一些真正令人惊奇的事情。”A. reasonable合理的；B. accidental偶然的；C. confusing令人困惑的；D. amazing令人惊奇的。根据下文“that we can experience in the natural world”可知，此处应表示在自然界中可以体验到一些真正令人惊奇的事情。故选D项。 【51题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在培训未来的科学教师时，布法罗大学的诺埃米·怀特教授鼓励她的学生教师将文化如何影响人们体验日食的方式纳入其中。A. accompanying陪伴；B. training培训；C. assessing评价；D. testing测试。根据下文““so when they’re teaching, they can address all of these ____15____.””可知，此处指的是培训未来的科学教师时应该鼓励的做法。故选B项。 【52题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在培训未来的科学教师时，布法罗大学的诺埃米·怀特教授鼓励她的学生教师将文化如何影响人们体验日食的方式纳入其中。A. explores探索；B. shapes影响，塑造；C. starts开始；D. fixes修理。根据下文“Native Americans, for example, may view the total eclipse as something ”可知，此处应表示文化如何影响人们体验日食的方式。故选B项。 【53题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她说，例如，美洲原住民可能将日全食视为神圣的事情。A. common共同的；B. predictable可预测的；C. familiar熟悉的；D. sacred神圣的。根据常识以及上文“Native Americans, for example, may view the total eclipse as something”可知，美洲原住民可能将日全食视为神圣的事情。故选D项。 【54题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“让我们的老师理解这一点很重要，”她说，“这样当他们在教学时，他们就能陈述所有这些要素。”A. understand理解；B. compare比较；C. complete完成；D. defend防卫。根据语境以及上文“University at Buffalo professor Noemi Waight has encouraged her student teachers to incorporate how culture… the way people experience an eclipse.”可知，此处应表示让老师理解这一点很重要。故选A项。 【55题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“让我们的老师理解这一点很重要，”她说，“这样当他们在教学时，他们就能陈述所有这些要素。”A. elements要素；B. dilemmas困境；C. definitions定义；D. exhibitions展览。根据上文“so when they’re teaching, they can address all of these”可知，当老师在教学时，他们就能陈述所有这些与日全食相关的文化要素。故选A项。 第二节（10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The history of the Bronze Age in the wide region of Southwest China has hardly been systematically and adequately recorded in any ____56____ (history) literature. Since the 1930s, archaeologists ____57____ (focus) on the Sanxingdui site in Sichuan Province as a key to this problem. ____58____ particular, two major archaeological excavations of the sacrificial area of the Sanxingdui site in 1986 and 2021 unearthed extremely large ____59____ (quantity) of bronze, jade, gold artifacts and elephant tusks. These artifacts are of peculiar shapes and include a number of remains rarely ____60____ (see) in East Asia, such as sacred trees, bronze altars, large human figures and gold masks. The ancient remains found at the Sanxingdui site show us ____61____ an ancient civilization once flourished in the Sichuan Basin. The exquisite artifacts of ____62____ Sanxingdui civilization demonstrate a high level of artistic design and craftsmanship of bronze, gold and jade products. At the same time, these artifacts ____63____ (collect) seem to reflect a socio-political and religious system ____64____ is different from that civilization of the Central Plain during the same period. The important archaeological discoveries at Sanxingdui once again highlight the rich _____65_____ (diverse) of the developmental trajectory (轨迹) of the early civilizations in diverse geographical and cultural background. 【答案】56. historical 57. have focused 58. In 59. quantities 60. seen 61. that 62. the 63. collectively 64. which##that 65. diversity 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了在中国西南广大地区，青铜器时代的历史在任何历史文献中几乎没有系统而充分的记载。自20世纪30年代以来，考古学家一直把四川三星堆遗址作为解决这一问题的关键。 【56题详解】 考查形容词。句意：在中国西南广大地区，青铜器时代的历史在任何历史文献中几乎没有系统而充分的记载。由空后literature为名词可知，此处为形容词作定语修饰该名词，满足句意要求。故填historical。 【57题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：自20世纪30年代以来，考古学家一直把四川三星堆遗址作为解决这一问题的关键。此处为谓语动词的填入，根据时间状语Since the 1930s可知，应为现在完成时，结合主语archaeologists为复数名词，所以助动词用have。故填have focused。 【58题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：特别是1986年和2021年对三星堆遗址祭祀区进行的两次重大考古发掘，出土了数量极大的青铜器、玉器、金器和象牙。此处为固定短语In particular“尤其，特别”，满足句意要求。故填In。 【59题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：特别是1986年和2021年对三星堆遗址祭祀区进行的两次重大考古发掘，出土了数量极大的青铜器、玉器、金器和象牙。分析句子可知，此处为固定短语quantities of“大量的”，满足句意要求。故填quantities。 【60题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这些文物形状奇特，包括一些在东亚罕见的遗迹，如圣树、青铜祭坛、大型人像和金面具。分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动词作后置定语修饰remains，remains和see为被动关系，所以为过去分词形式。故填seen。 【61题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：在三星堆遗址发现的古代遗迹向我们展示了四川盆地曾经繁荣过的古代文明。分析句子可知，设空处引导宾语从句，从句成分完整，且无需意思要求，所以为从属连词that引导。故填that。 【62题详解】 考查冠词。句意：三星堆文明的精美工艺品展示了高水平的青铜、黄金和玉器的艺术设计和工艺。根据句意以及空后Sanxingdui civilization为名词可知，此处为特指“三星堆文明”，所以为定冠词the的填入。故填the。 【63题详解】 考查副词。句意：同时，这些器物似乎共同反映了一种不同于同一时期中原文明的社会政治和宗教制度。由副词修饰动词可知，此处为副词collectively作状语修饰动词短语seem to do。故填collectively。 【64题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：同时，这些器物似乎共同反映了一种不同于同一时期中原文明的社会政治和宗教制度。分析句子可知，设空处引导定语从句，先行词a socio-political and religious system (指物) ，关系词在从句中作主语成分，所以为关系代词which/ that引导。故填which/ that。 【65题详解】 考查名词。句意：三星堆的重要考古发现再次凸显了不同地理和文化背景下早期文明发展轨迹的丰富多样性。由空前rich为形容词可知，此处为名词形式，作宾语成分。故填diversity。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 66. 假定你是李华，上周五你们班邀请了一位音乐家来学校上了一堂音乐课。请你给你的英国朋友Chris写一封邮件分享这次经历，内容包括： （1）音乐家分享的内容； （2）你的收获。 注意： （1）写作词数应为80个左右； （2）请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 Dear Chris, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Chris, I’m writing to share an amazing experience we had last Friday. Our class invited a musician to give us a music lesson at our school. The musician, Mr Zhang, is a well-known pianist. He explained the history of classical music and demonstrated various techniques on the piano. He also played some beautiful pieces, which left us all in awe. I was deeply impressed by his skill. His explanations were very insightful, and I learned a lot about music. This lesson not only enhanced my appreciation for classical music but also inspired me to practice piano skills more diligently. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国朋友Chris写一封邮件分享上周五邀请了一位音乐家来学校上音乐课的经历。 【详解】1.词汇积累 令人惊叹的：amazing→remarkable 著名的：well-known→famous 各种各样的：various→different kinds of 提高：enhance→improve 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：The musician, Mr Zhang, is a well-known pianist. 拓展句：The musician, who is Mr Zhang, is a well-known pianist. 【点睛】【高分句型1】He also played some beautiful pieces, which left us all in awe. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句) 【高分句型2】This lesson not only enhanced my appreciation for classical music but also inspired me to practice piano skills more diligently. (运用了not only…but also句型) 第二节（满分25分） 67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Tom was having a terrible day. It had started off badly when he had gotten into an argument with his best friend at school. They had been working on a group project together and couldn’t agree on what to do. The argument had escalated quickly and they had both said things they didn’t mean. To make matters worse, Tom had also failed a math test that day. He had studied hard for it, but the questions had been much harder than he had expected. He felt embarrassed and extremely disappointed in himself. When Tom got home from school, he was in a terrible mood. He was feeling angry and upset about everything that had happened. His mom greeted him at the door with a smile and asked him how his day was. Tom didn’t want to talk about it. He was feeling overwhelmed by his emotions and just wanted to be left alone. Instead of answering his mom’s question, he snapped at her and said something hurtful. His mom was taken aback by his sudden outburst. She didn’t understand why Tom was so angry and assumed that he was just in a difficult situation. They got into a heated argument and Tom stormed off to his room, slamming the door behind him. Tom felt terrible about what had happened. He knew that he shouldn’t have taken his anger out on his mom, but he didn’t know how to make things right. He lay on his bed for a while, feeling regretful and alone. He thought about everything that had happened that day and felt like the world was against him. He wondered if he would ever be able to make things right with his best friend and if he would ever be good at math. 注意： （1）续写词数应为150个左右； （2）请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 After some time had passed, Tom’s mom knocked on his door. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ She told him that everyone has bad days sometimes and that it’s okay to feel upset. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】After some time had passed, Tom’s mom knocked on his door. She came in and sat down next to him on the bed. She told him that she was sorry for their argument and that she loved him no matter what had happened. Tom felt a wave of relief wash over him. He opened up to his mom about the bad day he had at school and how it had made him feel. His mom listened patiently and offered him some words of comfort. She told him that everyone has bad days sometimes and that it’s okay to feel upset. She also reminded him that he was smart and capable, even if he didn’t do well in one math test. In the end, their misunderstanding was cleared up and they hugged each other. Tom felt grateful to have such an understanding mom. He realized that even when things get tough, his family will always be there for him. They spent the rest of the evening together, cooking dinner and watching a movie. Tom felt much better after talking to his mom and knew that everything would be okay. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开。汤姆在学校度过了糟糕的一天，和最好的朋友发生了争吵，数学考试也不及格。回家后，他把怒气的发泄在妈妈身上。进屋后，他感到后悔和孤独。过来一段时间妈妈来敲门，进来后，妈妈告诉他，无论发生什么事，她都爱他。汤姆感到如释重负。他向妈妈敞开心扉，讲述了他在学校度过的糟糕的一天。妈妈接着开导和安慰汤姆。汤姆很感激有这样一位善解人意的妈妈。汤姆和妈妈谈过之后感觉好多了，他知道一切都会好起来的。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“过了一段时间，汤姆的妈妈敲了他的门。”可知，第一段可描写妈妈表示对汤姆的爱以及汤姆向妈妈讲述自己糟糕的一天。 ②由第二段首句内容“她告诉他，每个人都有糟糕的时候，感到沮丧是正常的。”可知，第二段可描写妈妈接着开导和安慰汤姆以及汤姆的感受。 2.续写线索：表示对汤姆的爱——感觉如释重负——讲述发生的事情——妈妈接着开导和安慰——消除误会——感觉好多了 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①发生：happen/occur ②拥抱：hug/hold ③进来：come in/enter the room 情绪类 ①感激的：grateful/appreciative ②沮丧的：upset/depressed 【点睛】[高分句型1]. They spent the rest of the evening together, cooking dinner and watching a movie.（运用了现在分词作状语） [高分句型2]. She also reminded him that he was smart and capable, even if he didn’t do well in one math test.（运用了that引导的宾语从句和even if引导的让步状语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$