外刊时文 阅读CD篇-2025届高三英语上学期一轮复习

题型：高中阅读理解 来源：外刊读物 Passage 1 字数：390 来源：Discover John Bird is a Special Operations and Enforcement Unit Investigator for the West Virginia Division of Forestry. He has a unique partner in his work - Boone, a specially trained bloodhound. Unlike other law enforcement dogs trained to find explosives or chemicals, Boone is devoted to finding human suspects. Bird has trained several bloodhounds over his 26-year career in fire prevention and investigation. He loves Boone and says, "He's an energetic handful, but once the harness goes on, he's hardworking and microfocused." Boone can find missing children, lost hikers, fugitives, and criminals. Bird says their tracking skills are amazing as they can sniff out a single person through crowds, even with hundreds of people around. Although there are thousands of specially trained dogs employed in all areas of law enforcement throughout the country, Bird is currently the only canine handler with a dog strictly devoted to tracking wildlife arsonists. "I'm the last one," he says. "No others in this nation are directly related to wildlife investigations." Bird starts training puppies when they're a precarious 9 weeks old. The first important step is to introduce the young pups to a variety of environmental situations so they won't get nervous in new or unusual circumstances. This helps the dog stay on task when tracking through cluttered remains and when firefighting personnel and clamorous equipment are nearby. To initiate the pups for tracking, a trainer will hold a puppy while a partner hides in a nearby location. When the puppy finds the hidden person, it's given a treat. Within a few months, the young bloodhounds are able to track a trainer up to several miles. By itself, having a dog track a suspect to a house or a vehicle isn't enough to have a warrant issued or to make an arrest, but it's a vital piece of information that can help investigators close in on an arsonist. In addition to monthly training sessions, the West Virginia Police Canine Association evaluates these four-legged investigators annually to recertify their tracking skills. Certifications help ensure that the evidence the dogs sniff out stands up in court. Bird takes Boone on the job with him regularly. So far, the 3-year-old bloodhound has helped solve dozens of arson cases. Bird is extremely pleased with him and says, "He does a really good job and has a great nose." 1. 细节理解题（直接信息题）：What is special about Boone compared to other law enforcement dogs? A. Boone is trained to find explosives. B. Boone is devoted to finding human suspects. C. Boone is the youngest bloodhound. D. Boone can only work in forests. 2. 细节理解题（正误判断题）：Which of the following is TRUE about John Bird? A. He has only trained Boone. B. He has been in the career for less than 20 years. C. He is the only one in the nation with a dog for wildlife arson tracking. D. He doesn't like working with Boone. 3. 主旨归纳题（判断最佳标题）：What could be the best title for this passage? A. The Training of Bloodhounds B. The Life of John Bird C. Boone: The Special Bloodhound for Human Suspect Tracking D. The Work of Law Enforcement Dogs 4. 猜测词义题（根据上下文的指代关系）：The word "They" in the sentence "Bird says their tracking skills are amazing as they can sniff out a single person through crowds, even with hundreds of people around." (Paragraph 2) refers to _. A. John Bird and Boone B. bloodhounds C. law enforcement dogs D. trainers 答案： 1. B 解析：文章明确提到 “Unlike other law enforcement dogs that may be trained to find explosives or chemicals, his bloodhounds are devoted to finding human suspects.”，这里的 “his bloodhounds” 指的是 Boone，B 选项正确。A 选项与原文不符；C 选项文中未提及 Boone 是最年轻的；D 选项文中未说 Boone 只能在森林工作。 2. C 解析：根据文中 “Although there are thousands of specially trained dogs employed in all areas of law enforcement throughout the country, Bird is currently the only canine handler with a dog strictly devoted to tracking wildlife arsonists. 'I'm the last one,' says Bird. 'No others in this nation are directly related to wildlife investigations.'” 可知，C 选项正确。A 选项他训练了好几只血猎犬；B 选项他有 26 年的职业生涯；D 选项与原文 “He loves Boone” 相悖。 3. C 解析：文章主要围绕 Boone 这只专门用于追踪人类嫌疑人的血猎犬展开，包括它的训练、技能以及在案件侦破中的作用等，C 选项最能概括文章主旨。A 选项只是文章的一部分内容；B 选项没有突出 Boone；D 选项过于宽泛，没有具体到 Boone。 4. B 解析：根据前文 “Bird has trained several bloodhounds over his 26-year career...” 以及后文描述的追踪技能可知，这里的 “They” 指代的是 “bloodhounds”，B 选项正确。 Passage 2 字数：335 来源：Discover Paul Anastas, known as the Father of Green Chemistry, is a pioneering scientist who is redesigning chemical processes for health and sustainability. Chemicals often bring negative images, but Anastas, a green chemist and professor at Yale University, is transforming chemistry's image to one of health and sustainability. He believes that "Chemistry is all about how you redesign the material basis of our society and our economy." Experts have been good at inventing new materials and chemical processes, but Anastas was concerned about the waste they produced. In 1991, while working with the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), he launched a research program to promote clean and green chemical processes. That was the moment green chemistry's clean revolution began. At that time, Anastas realized that chemistry involved too much pollution and toxic substances. He defined green chemistry as inventing new materials and manufacturing processes that are conducive to life. It covers the entire life cycle from the origins of the feedstock all the way to the ultimate fate and use of the substance. In short, green chemistry is the philosophy of designing chemicals, products, and processes to make them less hazardous and more sustainable, all based on research. The field of green chemistry has grown since then. Anastas has had a great impact, even helping three subsequent Nobel Prize winners in chemistry in 2005. Innovations include methods of decaffeinating coffee without harsh chemicals and packing peanuts made from renewable plant starch. He works with many Fortune 100 companies and can tell that green chemistry is touching everything. Anastas emphasizes that the green color doesn't just symbolize sustainability; it's also the color of U.S. money. This shows how aligning health and environmental goals with profitability goals can make things happen faster and on a larger scale. He has brought his science experience to the U.S. government. After 10 years at the EPA, he moved to the White House Office of Science and Technology Policy and then rejoined the EPA under the Obama administration to lead research and development. 题目： 1. 细节理解题（直接信息题）：When did Paul Anastas launch the research program to promote clean and green chemical processes? A. In 1991. B. In 2005. C. During his time at Yale University. D. Under the Obama administration. 2. 细节理解题（正误判断题）：Which of the following is TRUE about green chemistry according to the text? A. It only focuses on reducing pollution. B. It covers the entire life cycle of substances. C. It was invented by Paul Anastas alone. D. It has no relation to economic goals. 3. 主旨归纳题（判断最佳标题）：What could be the best title for this passage? A. The Life of Paul Anastas B. The Importance of Chemicals C. Paul Anastas and the Rise of Green Chemistry D. The Innovations in Chemistry 4. 猜测词义题（根据上下文的指代关系））：The word "It" in the sentence "It covers the entire life cycle from the origins of the feedstock all the way to the ultimate fate and use of the substance." (Paragraph 3) refers to _. A. green chemistry B. pollution C. the research program D. the substance 答案： 1. A 解析：文章明确提到 “In 1991, Anastas was working with the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) when he launched a research program to promote clean and green chemical processes.”，A 选项正确。 2. B 解析：根据文中 “It covers the entire life cycle from the origins of the feedstock all the way to the ultimate fate and use of the substance.” 可知，绿色化学涵盖了物质的整个生命周期，B 选项正确。A 选项不全面，绿色化学还包括设计更可持续的化学品等；C 选项文中未提及是他独自发明；D 选项与文中 “it's also the color of U.S. money. This shows how aligning health and environmental goals with profitability goals...” 不符。 3. C 解析：文章主要讲述了 Paul Anastas 以及他所推动的绿色化学的发展，包括其理念、发展历程和影响等，C 选项最能概括文章主旨。A 选项只是提到了 Paul Anastas，没有突出绿色化学；B 选项没有提及 Paul Anast. 4. A 解析：根据上文可知，it指代上文信息。 Passage 3 字数：209 来源：Discover As we age, our sense of taste changes. We may have craved salty or sweet foods as children, but over time, our taste perception becomes more complex. This is not just about our taste buds telling us whether we like a particular food. When we take a bite, our brain processes a dizzying array of sensory and neurochemical signals to help us decide whether we want to take another bite. Our taste buds, located on the tongue, mouth, esophagus and at the back of the throat, respond to five fundamental stimuli - sweet, sour, salty, bitter and the more recently discovered umami. In fact, a penchant for sweet and salty foods when we're children may be hard-wired into our basic biology. From an evolutionary perspective, nature's shorthand for high-energy foods, while salty flavors signal the presence of a much-needed mineral. That's because until relatively recently in human history, children needed every scrap of energy they could find to survive until adulthood. As a result, their palates evolved towards energy-rich foods. Julie Mennella, a biopsychologist at the Monell Chemical Senses Center in Philadelphia, says, "Given a choice, they'd probably eat more sweets, because it's just the biology of it all. They're really seeking out that energy source." 1. 细节理解题（直接信息题）：According to the text, what do our taste buds respond to? A. Only sweet and salty foods. B. Five fundamental stimuli including sweet, sour, salty, bitter and umami. C. High-energy foods. D. The presence of minerals. 2. 细节理解题（正误判断题）：Which of the following is TRUE about children's taste preference? A. Children don't like sweet and salty foods. B. Children's preference for sweet and salty foods is related to evolution. C. Children's taste buds are different from adults'. in structure. D. Children's taste sense doesn't change as they grow up. 3. 主旨归纳题（判断最佳标题）：What could be the best title for this passage? A. The Taste Buds and Their Functions B. The Reasons for Children's Food Choices C. The Changes in Our Sense of Taste with Age D. The Impact of Evolution on Taste 4. 猜测词义题（根据上下文的指代关系）：The word "They" in the sentence "Given a choice, they'd probably eat more sweets, because it's just the biology of it all. They're really seeking out that energy source." (Paragraph 3) refers to _. A. taste buds B. children C. adults D. foods 答案： 1. B 解析：文章第一段明确提到 “Our taste buds, located on the tongue, mouth, esophagus and at the back of the throat, respond to five fundamental stimuli - sweet, sour, salty, bitter and the more recently discovered umami.”，B 选项正确。A 选项不全面；C、D 选项是对某些味道的解释，不是味蕾的直接反应。 2. B 解析：根据文章第二段 “In fact, a penchant for sweet and salty foods when we're children may be hard-wired into our basic biology. From an evolutionary perspective...” 可知，儿童对甜和咸食物的偏好与进化有关，B 选项正确。A 选项与原文不符；C 选项文中未提及味蕾结构的不同；D 选项与原文 “our sense of taste changes” 相悖。 3. C 解析：文章主要讲述了随着年龄增长，我们的味觉会发生变化，包括儿童时期对某些味道的偏好以及背后的原因等，C 选项能很好地概括文章主旨。A 选项只是提到了味蕾，不全面；B 选项只是文章的一部分内容；D 选项也只是文章的一个方面，不全面。 4. B 解析：根据前文 “Julie Mennella, a biopsychologist at the Monell Chemical Senses Center in Philadelphia, says, 'Given a choice, they'd probably eat more sweets...'” 可知，这里的 “They” 指代的是 “children”，B 选项正确。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$题型：高中阅读理解 来源：外刊读物 Passage 1 字数：390 来源：Discover John Bird is a Special Operations and Enforcement Unit Investigator for the West Virginia Division of Forestry. He has a unique partner in his work - Boone, a specially trained bloodhound. Unlike other law enforcement dogs trained to find explosives or chemicals, Boone is devoted to finding human suspects. Bird has trained several bloodhounds over his 26-year career in fire prevention and investigation. He loves Boone and says, "He's an energetic handful, but once the harness goes on, he's hardworking and microfocused." Boone can find missing children, lost hikers, fugitives, and criminals. Bird says their tracking skills are amazing as they can sniff out a single person through crowds, even with hundreds of people around. Although there are thousands of specially trained dogs employed in all areas of law enforcement throughout the country, Bird is currently the only canine handler with a dog strictly devoted to tracking wildlife arsonists. "I'm the last one," he says. "No others in this nation are directly related to wildlife investigations." Bird starts training puppies when they're a precarious 9 weeks old. The first important step is to introduce the young pups to a variety of environmental situations so they won't get nervous in new or unusual circumstances. This helps the dog stay on task when tracking through cluttered remains and when firefighting personnel and clamorous equipment are nearby. To initiate the pups for tracking, a trainer will hold a puppy while a partner hides in a nearby location. When the puppy finds the hidden person, it's given a treat. Within a few months, the young bloodhounds are able to track a trainer up to several miles. By itself, having a dog track a suspect to a house or a vehicle isn't enough to have a warrant issued or to make an arrest, but it's a vital piece of information that can help investigators close in on an arsonist. In addition to monthly training sessions, the West Virginia Police Canine Association evaluates these four-legged investigators annually to recertify their tracking skills. Certifications help ensure that the evidence the dogs sniff out stands up in court. Bird takes Boone on the job with him regularly. So far, the 3-year-old bloodhound has helped solve dozens of arson cases. Bird is extremely pleased with him and says, "He does a really good job and has a great nose." 1. 细节理解题（直接信息题）：What is special about Boone compared to other law enforcement dogs? A. Boone is trained to find explosives. B. Boone is devoted to finding human suspects. C. Boone is the youngest bloodhound. D. Boone can only work in forests. 2. 细节理解题（正误判断题）：Which of the following is TRUE about John Bird? A. He has only trained Boone. B. He has been in the career for less than 20 years. C. He is the only one in the nation with a dog for wildlife arson tracking. D. He doesn't like working with Boone. 3. 主旨归纳题（判断最佳标题）：What could be the best title for this passage? A. The Training of Bloodhounds B. The Life of John Bird C. Boone: The Special Bloodhound for Human Suspect Tracking D. The Work of Law Enforcement Dogs 4. 猜测词义题（根据上下文的指代关系）：The word "They" in the sentence "Bird says their tracking skills are amazing as they can sniff out a single person through crowds, even with hundreds of people around." (Paragraph 2) refers to _. A. John Bird and Boone B. bloodhounds C. law enforcement dogs D. trainers Passage 2 字数：335 来源：Discover Paul Anastas, known as the Father of Green Chemistry, is a pioneering scientist who is redesigning chemical processes for health and sustainability. Chemicals often bring negative images, but Anastas, a green chemist and professor at Yale University, is transforming chemistry's image to one of health and sustainability. He believes that "Chemistry is all about how you redesign the material basis of our society and our economy." Experts have been good at inventing new materials and chemical processes, but Anastas was concerned about the waste they produced. In 1991, while working with the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), he launched a research program to promote clean and green chemical processes. That was the moment green chemistry's clean revolution began. At that time, Anastas realized that chemistry involved too much pollution and toxic substances. He defined green chemistry as inventing new materials and manufacturing processes that are conducive to life. It covers the entire life cycle from the origins of the feedstock all the way to the ultimate fate and use of the substance. In short, green chemistry is the philosophy of designing chemicals, products, and processes to make them less hazardous and more sustainable, all based on research. The field of green chemistry has grown since then. Anastas has had a great impact, even helping three subsequent Nobel Prize winners in chemistry in 2005. Innovations include methods of decaffeinating coffee without harsh chemicals and packing peanuts made from renewable plant starch. He works with many Fortune 100 companies and can tell that green chemistry is touching everything. Anastas emphasizes that the green color doesn't just symbolize sustainability; it's also the color of U.S. money. This shows how aligning health and environmental goals with profitability goals can make things happen faster and on a larger scale. He has brought his science experience to the U.S. government. After 10 years at the EPA, he moved to the White House Office of Science and Technology Policy and then rejoined the EPA under the Obama administration to lead research and development. 题目： 1. 细节理解题（直接信息题）：When did Paul Anastas launch the research program to promote clean and green chemical processes? A. In 1991. B. In 2005. C. During his time at Yale University. D. Under the Obama administration. 2. 细节理解题（正误判断题）：Which of the following is TRUE about green chemistry according to the text? A. It only focuses on reducing pollution. B. It covers the entire life cycle of substances. C. It was invented by Paul Anastas alone. D. It has no relation to economic goals. 3. 主旨归纳题（判断最佳标题）：What could be the best title for this passage? A. The Life of Paul Anastas B. The Importance of Chemicals C. Paul Anastas and the Rise of Green Chemistry D. The Innovations in Chemistry 4. 猜测词义题（根据上下文的指代关系））：The word "It" in the sentence "It covers the entire life cycle from the origins of the feedstock all the way to the ultimate fate and use of the substance." (Paragraph 3) refers to _. A. green chemistry B. pollution C. the research program D. the substance Passage 3 字数：209 来源：Discover As we age, our sense of taste changes. We may have craved salty or sweet foods as children, but over time, our taste perception becomes more complex. This is not just about our taste buds telling us whether we like a particular food. When we take a bite, our brain processes a dizzying array of sensory and neurochemical signals to help us decide whether we want to take another bite. Our taste buds, located on the tongue, mouth, esophagus and at the back of the throat, respond to five fundamental stimuli - sweet, sour, salty, bitter and the more recently discovered umami. In fact, a penchant for sweet and salty foods when we're children may be hard-wired into our basic biology. From an evolutionary perspective, nature's shorthand for high-energy foods, while salty flavors signal the presence of a much-needed mineral. That's because until relatively recently in human history, children needed every scrap of energy they could find to survive until adulthood. As a result, their palates evolved towards energy-rich foods. Julie Mennella, a biopsychologist at the Monell Chemical Senses Center in Philadelphia, says, "Given a choice, they'd probably eat more sweets, because it's just the biology of it all. They're really seeking out that energy source." 1. 细节理解题（直接信息题）：According to the text, what do our taste buds respond to? A. Only sweet and salty foods. B. Five fundamental stimuli including sweet, sour, salty, bitter and umami. C. High-energy foods. D. The presence of minerals. 2. 细节理解题（正误判断题）：Which of the following is TRUE about children's taste preference? A. Children don't like sweet and salty foods. B. Children's preference for sweet and salty foods is related to evolution. C. Children's taste buds are different from adults'. in structure. D. Children's taste sense doesn't change as they grow up. 3. 主旨归纳题（判断最佳标题）：What could be the best title for this passage? A. The Taste Buds and Their Functions B. The Reasons for Children's Food Choices C. The Changes in Our Sense of Taste with Age D. The Impact of Evolution on Taste 4. 猜测词义题（根据上下文的指代关系）：The word "They" in the sentence "Given a choice, they'd probably eat more sweets, because it's just the biology of it all. They're really seeking out that energy source." (Paragraph 3) refers to _. A. taste buds B. children C. adults D. foods 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$