第20讲 句子成分和基本句型（练习）-【上好课】2025年中考英语一轮复习讲练测（全国通用）

第20讲 句子成分和基本句型（练习） （模拟精练+真题演练） 一、单项选择 1．She will make her students finish the task in ten minutes. A．表语 B．定语 C．直宾 D．宾补 2．Students aren’t allowed to eat in the classroom. A．谓语 B．状语 C．直宾 D．宾补 3．The girl with long hair is tall and beautiful. A．谓语 B．状语 C．表语 D．宾语 4．I found my English book yesterday. A．宾语 B．表语 C．主语 D．定语 5．Which part is the VERB of the following sentence “I often ride my bike to school. ”? A．“I” B．“often” C．“ride” D．“my” 6．He keeps exercising every day no matter what the weather is like. A．定语 B．表语 C．宾语 D．状语 7．It’s difficult for me to finish the work in a week. A．宾语 B．表语 C．状语 D．主语 8．The seats at the cinema are not comfortable. A．主语 B．表语 C．定语 D．谓语 9．Mary dislikes wearing her school uniform at school. A．宾语 B．表语 C．定语 D．主语 10．What is the sentence pattern of “The dish smells terrible”? A．S+V B．S+V+O C．S+V+P D．S+V+O+OC 11．Which of the following sentences has the same structure as “Lily gives me much help.”? A．Lily is 13 years old. B．Lily is a member of the Reading Club. C．Lily reads books every day. D．Lily’s Dad will buy her a new book. 12．The sentence pattern of “She gave me a present yesterday.” is ________. A．S+V B．S+V+O C．S+V+IO+DO D．S+V+P 13．Sometimes I wonder if there ________ any jobs left for humans in the future? After all, robots are already doing a lot for us. A．was B．is going to C．will be 14．There ________ a modern high-speed railway station in my hometown next year. A．be B．have C．will be D．will have 15．The structure of the sentence “The students visited the museum” is _______. A．S+V B．S+V+DO C．S+V+IO+DO D．S+V+DO+OC 二、完成句子 1．a, gave, wrong size, you, me . 2．hard, is, math, problem, the . 3．pick apples, I, him, helped . 4．reading  she  books  likes . 5．I, grandparents, visited, my . 一、完形填空 （一）（2023·四川广安·一模）Some people have no interest in sports. They think that sports make them 1 and smell bad. They say, “Why waste time playing sports?” To these people, I politely say, “You have not discovered the 2 of sports!” Let me share with you a basketball game I played two weeks ago. Our parents and friends were there to 3 us. A lot of people were watching. We all wanted to 4 the game in front of so many people. The game was 5 over and we were one point behind. Our coach called us together and said, “Okay, this is it! Either we score now or the game is over. Let’s work hard to score. Even if we don’t score, 6 we know that we have tried our best. So, boys, don't think too much. It doesn’t matter if we lose. Just do it.” Well, in the last 7 of the game, we truly scored and two teams tied (打成平局)! We went into overtime (加时赛) and we lost in the end. But after the game, the coach hugged all of us. He told us that he was 8 because he had never seen a team try harder than us. To be honest, I 9 a lot of pleasure in playing sports. It makes me happy and comfortable. Because of that, I play sports whenever I get the chance. So my 10 is to choose a sport and keep doing it. Your body will thank you and your mind will be ready to work well. 1．A．lazy B．ugly C．tired D．afraid 2．A．prize B．fun C．time D．level 3．A．cheer B．train C．help D．call 4．A．report B．lose C．join D．win 5．A．suddenly B．recently C．finally D．nearly 6．A．at first B．at least C．at last D．at the time 7．A．month B．week C．hour D．minute 8．A．proud B．active C．brave D．honest 9．A．guess B．face C．feel D．give 10．A．action B．order C．advice D．interest （二）（2023·辽宁沈阳·一模）Sarah was sad. Her best friend Jenny was moving in a month. Jenny promised to write, but Sarah didn’t 1 that. Last year another friend of her moved. Sarah wrote three letters to the friend, but never 2 her. Sarah knew the same thing would happen between Jenny and her, so she 3 not to be friends with Jenny. On Monday, Jenny invited Sarah to play with her, but Sarah refused. The next day Jenny asked Sarah if she wanted to share her 4 . Sarah wanted to but she said, “No, thanks. I don’t have a sweet tooth. ” On Wednesday, Jenny asked if Sarah wanted to sit next to her at the school play, and Sarah said 5 . Jenny sat by herself and looked 6 . Sarah’s 7 was on Thursday. Her mum didn’t have time to buy her a present, and her dad had to leave early for a meeting. It seemed that 8 cared that it was her birthday. But when Sarah got to school, she saw Jenny sitting outside with a present box. Sarah took the box silently and felt 9 for what she had done to Jenny. She knew that 10 Jenny was moving, they would keep in touch and be friends forever. 1．A．remember B．believe C．wish D．mind 2．A．looked for B．thought about C．depended on D．heard from 3．A．tried B．refused C．preferred D．decided 4．A．computer B．secret C．chocolate D．umbrella 5．A．no B．OK C．please D．goodbye 6．A．excited B．worried C．nervous D．sad 7．A．birthday B．test C．fight D．competition 8．A．everyone B．anyone C．someone D．no one 9．A．proud B．sorry C．interested D．pleased 10．A．although B．because C．if D．till 二、阅读理解 （2024·浙江杭州·二模）①The scientific method is used for simple experiments that students may do in the classroom or very difficult experiments that scientists are doing all over the world. It is a way of thinking that helps you to avoid drawing incorrect conclusions (结论). There are usually four steps in the scientific method, including observation (观察), hypothesis (假设), experiment, and conclusion. ②The steps may not always be completed in the same order, but the first step is usually observation and asking a question about your observation. For example, you had a sick stomach, and ate a candy bar. An hour later, you observed that you felt much better. Here, you can ask a question, such as, “What makes a sick stomach feel better?” ③The second step is to state a possible answer to the question, or a hypothesis, such as “ ▲ ” A good hypothesis includes three things: The explanation for the observations, it is able to be tested, and it will usually predict new results or conclusions. ④The third step is the experiment, to test the hypothesis. An experiment is a test which will either challenge or support the hypothesis. The hypothesis will then be true or false. ⑤The final step is to think about what happened when you tested the hypothesis and draw a conclusion. The conclusion will either clearly support the hypothesis or it will not. If the results support the hypothesis, a conclusion can be written and you can share it with the rest of the world. If it does not support the hypothesis, you may choose to change the hypothesis or write a new one based on what was learned during the experiment. 1．How does the writer make us better understand the first step in Paragraph 2? A．By comparing the differences between the steps. B．By giving an example of asking a question. C．By asking some questions about the step. D．By presenting the questions during the experiment. 2．Which sentence can be put into “ ▲ ” in Paragraph 3? A．A candy bar makes a sick stomach feel better. B．It is the medicine that makes you feel better. C．Eat a candy bar again, and see what happens. D．Ask people if eating a candy bar makes them feel better. 3．What does the underlined word “it” in the last paragraph refer to? A．The hypothesis. B．The conclusion. C．The question. D．The observation. 4．What’s the structure of the text? A． B． C． D． 一、单项选择 1．（2023·四川内江·中考真题）If you feel unhappy, you can ask your parents or teachers for help. A．表语 B．状语 C．宾语 D．主语 2．（2023·四川内江·中考真题）I have had the dictionary for many years. A．状语 B．表语 C．定语 D．谓语 3．（2023·四川内江·中考真题）Excuse me. Are there any restrooms near here? A．定语 B．主语 C．表语 D．宾语 4．（2023·四川内江·中考真题）The students will have a three-day holiday soon. A．定语 B．宾语 C．状语 D．表语 5．（2023·四川内江·中考真题）Jim’s father bought him a schoolbag on his birthday. A．表语 B．直接宾语 C．间接宾语 D．主语 二、完形填空 （2024·四川巴中·中考真题）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，使短文完整、通顺、正确。将答案序号涂在答题卡上相应的位置。 Chinese swimmer Qin Haiyang will be one of China’s medal hopes in the Paris Olympic pool. Although Qin has 1 the World Aquatics Championship in 2023, he tries his best to improve himself. However, Qin’s swimming journey was not 2 smooth. In 2016, Qin missed the chance to take part 3 the Rio Olympic Games because he fell behind by 4 than 0.5 seconds. “After that, I felt regret and started to dream big. I 5 to stand on the world stage to show my talent,” Qin said in an interview for China Daily’s online 6 Tracking Success. 7 , he met with regret again in 2021. During the men’s 200m breaststroke preliminaries (蛙泳预赛) at the Tokyo Olympics, Qin finished first in his group. But his score 8 because of his mistakes. From then on, Qin threw 9 into endless training, focusing on every detail of his swimming skills. Changing swimming habits is as difficult as changing 10 habits, especially for an adult athlete. He described this process as “breaking and rebuilding”. “Just like learning to dance, I asked myself to finish every certain move perfectly,” Qin 11 Jimu News. 12 two years of training, Qin finally became a hit in 2023, taking home 33 medals in total and being called “Breastroke King”. Still, he kept low-key. He compared 13 his achievements to the process of a stream (小溪) flowing into the sea. “When I was a child, I was like a small stream. Then it gradually became a small river, and then a 14 river, finally flowing into the ocean,” Qin told China Daily. Qin’s next goal is the Paris Olympic Games. “I 15 I can produce the best result possible and make a real splash (水花),” he said in the online show. 1．A．beat B．kept C．won D．made 2．A．hardly B．always C．sometimes D．never 3．A．in B．of C．at D．to 4．A．better B．faster C．more D．less 5．A．refused B．forgot C．decided D．pretended 6．A．show B．task C．suggestion D．way 7．A．Especially B．Suddenly C．Luckily D．Unluckily 8．A．canceled B．was canceled C．recorded D．was recorded 9．A．himself B．her C．his D．herself 10．A．other B．others C．another D．both 11．A．said B．spoke C．told D．talked 12．A．After B．Since C．Before D．During 13．A．all B．whole C．some D．most 14．A．deep B．small C．wild D．big 15．A．find B．hope C．realize D．know 三、阅读理解 （一）（2024·四川·中考真题）Shen Hu, from Shenyang, Liaoning, is good at cooking. He came to London, England’s biggest city, in 2005. He then started working at a Chinese restaurant. He has brought Chinese dishes and food culture to English people through his excellent cooking skills. “All the seasonings (调味品) used in my kitchen are brought from China by air to make English people enjoy great Chinese food,” Shen said. He not only cooks dishes of his hometown but also serves other famous Chinese dishes. English people like Shen’s meals. Some even travel far to have meals at the restaurant. They ask to try more Chinese dishes. Some even try learning cooking Chinese dishes. Peter, a college student, usually has his lunch in the restaurant, and Beijing Duck is one of his favorites. For him, the flavor (味道) of English food is quite different from that of Chinese food, “English people can have a try,” he advised. John, owning a store near the restaurant, likes Shen’s dishes, too. “I love his veggie rice and sweet and sour chicken the most,” he said. John comes to the restaurant as long as he finds time and always advises his friends to try the delicious Chinese food served in the restaurant. “We are trying to keep Eastern food culture alive here and because of Shen, our restaurant represents (代表) this culture,” said Alan, the owner of the restaurant. “I plan to open another Chinese restaurant in London.” 1．What did Shen go to London to do? A．To enjoy English dishes. B．To make English friends. C．To start a Chinese restaurant. D．To work as a cook in a restaurant. 2．What does Paragraph 2 tell us about the English people? A．They buy food from China. B．They enjoy Chinese dishes. C．They often eat at restaurants. D．They are good at cooking Chinese dishes. 3．Who likes Beijing Duck? A．Peter. B．John. C．Alan. D．Shen Hu. 4．What can we know about Alan from the last paragraph? A．He is satisfied with the restaurant. B．He’ll start a restaurant in China. C．He likes to cook Chinese food. D．He is learning Chinese culture. （二）（2024·四川·中考真题）From America to Egypt, Hazelip and Hamby showed people around the world that it’s never too late to get out and see the world. They come from Texas, USA．The two friends are in their 80s. They did a big thing months ago. They took a world trip in just over two and a half months. Hazelip said that she wanted to start the trip in 2021. After reading the book Around the World in 80 Days, she thought it would be fun for Hamby and her to go around the world in 80 days at age 80. Then she told Hamby what she wanted to do. When Hamby heard this, she just couldn’t believe her ears. She asked Hazelip if she was sure what she was talking about. Hazelip said yes. With that, they decided on a world trip. But because of COVID-19, they had to put off their trip. In January this year, the two got a start. Hamby said their families were supportive of their big dream. “My daughter had no worries about my trip,” Hamby said. “She was happy that I could live the life I wanted to live.” Hazelip wishes that their story could inspire (激励) people of all ages. “Don’t sit in that chair and wait,” she said. “If you don’t use your time, you lose it.” 1．How old were Hazelip and Hamby in 2021? A．76. B．80. C．84. D．86. 2．How did Hamby feel when she first heard of Hazelip’s plan? A．Satisfied. B．Worried. C．Interested. D．Surprised. 3．What is Hazelip’s advice for people of all ages? A．To do more reading. B．To do what you like right now. C．To learn from others. D．To wait for good chances. 4．What can be the best title for the text? A．A World Trip at Old Age B．Two Interesting Ladies C．Support from Families D．Courage from A Book 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 第20讲 句子成分和基本句型（练习） （模拟精练+真题演练） 一、单项选择 1．She will make her students finish the task in ten minutes. A．表语 B．定语 C．直宾 D．宾补 【答案】D 【详解】句意：她会让她的学生在十分钟内完成任务。考查句子成分。分析句子结构可知，句中make是谓语，her students 是宾语，finish the task in ten minutes作make的宾补。故选D。 2．Students aren’t allowed to eat in the classroom. A．谓语 B．状语 C．直宾 D．宾补 【答案】A 【详解】句意：学生们不允许在教室里吃东西。考查句子成分。分析句子结构可知，Students是主语，aren’t allowed是谓语。故选A。 3．The girl with long hair is tall and beautiful. A．谓语 B．状语 C．表语 D．宾语 【答案】C 【详解】句意：长头发的女孩又高又漂亮。考查句子成分。分析句子可知，主语是The girl，is是系动词；tall and beautiful是形容词作表语。故选C。 4．I found my English book yesterday. A．宾语 B．表语 C．主语 D．定语 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我昨天找到了我的英语书。考查句子成分。分析句子可知，I为主语，found为谓语，my English book为宾语；yesterday是时间状语。故选A。 5．Which part is the VERB of the following sentence “I often ride my bike to school. ”? A．“I” B．“often” C．“ride” D．“my” 【答案】C 【详解】句意：句子“我经常骑自行车去上学。”中的动词是？考查句子结构。I是主语，often是频率副词，ride是动词作谓语，my是形容词性物主代词，故选C。 6．He keeps exercising every day no matter what the weather is like. A．定语 B．表语 C．宾语 D．状语 【答案】D 【详解】句意：不管天气如何，他每天都坚持锻炼。考查句子成分。no matter what“不论什么”，引导的是让步状语从句，故选D。 7．It’s difficult for me to finish the work in a week. A．宾语 B．表语 C．状语 D．主语 【答案】D 【详解】句意：对我来说，在一周内完成这项工作是困难的。考查动词不定式作主语。固定句式：It’s+形容词+for sb to do sth表示“对某人来说，做某事是……的”，动词不定式作真正的主语，故选D。 8．The seats at the cinema are not comfortable. A．主语 B．表语 C．定语 D．谓语 【答案】B 【详解】句意：电影院的座位不舒服。考查句子成分分析。从“are”可知，其为系动词，所以后常接形容词作表语。故选B。 9．Mary dislikes wearing her school uniform at school. A．宾语 B．表语 C．定语 D．主语 【答案】A 【详解】句意：玛丽不喜欢在学校穿校服。考查句子成分。分析句子可知，Mary作主语，dislikes是及物动词，作谓语，其后接动名词作宾语，所以划线部分“wearing her school uniform”作宾语。故选A。 10．What is the sentence pattern of “The dish smells terrible”? A．S+V B．S+V+O C．S+V+P D．S+V+O+OC 【答案】C 【详解】句意：“这道菜闻起来很糟糕”的句型是什么？考查基本句型。S+V主谓；S+V+O主谓宾；S+V+P主系表；S+V+O+OC主谓宾宾补。“The dish”作主语；“smells”是系动词；“terrible”是形容词，作表语。故选C。 11．Which of the following sentences has the same structure as “Lily gives me much help.”? A．Lily is 13 years old. B．Lily is a member of the Reading Club. C．Lily reads books every day. D．Lily’s Dad will buy her a new book. 【答案】D 【详解】句意：以下哪个句子的结构与“莉莉给了我很多帮助”相同？考查句子结构。Lily is 13 years old莉莉13岁，是主系表结构；Lily is a member of the Reading Club莉莉是读书俱乐部的成员，是主系表结构；Lily reads books every day莉莉每天读书，是主谓宾结构；Lily’s Dad will buy her a new book莉莉的爸爸将给她买一本新书，是主谓+间宾+直宾结构。题干句子“Lily gives me much help”是主谓+间宾+直宾结构。故选D。 12．The sentence pattern of “She gave me a present yesterday.” is ________. A．S+V B．S+V+O C．S+V+IO+DO D．S+V+P 【答案】C 【详解】句意：“She gave me a present yesterday.”这个句子结构是主+谓+间接宾语+直接宾语。考查句子结构。S+V主+谓；S+V+O主+谓+宾；S+V+IO+DO主+谓+间接宾语+直接宾语；S+V+P主+系动词+表语。She主语；gave谓语；me间接宾语；a present直接宾语。故选C。 13．Sometimes I wonder if there ________ any jobs left for humans in the future? After all, robots are already doing a lot for us. A．was B．is going to C．will be 【答案】C 【详解】句意：有时候，我会想，未来人类是否还会有其他工作？毕竟，机器人已经为我们做了很多事情。 考查there be句型的时态。根据“in the future”可知，本句时态为一般将来时，there be句型的一般将来时结构为there will be。故选C。 14．There ________ a modern high-speed railway station in my hometown next year. A．be B．have C．will be D．will have 【答案】C 【详解】句意：明年我的家乡将有一个现代化的高铁站。考查动词时态及there be句型的用法。根据“next year”可知，时态为一般将来时，其结构为will+动词原形，There be句型表示“某地有某物”。故需will be。故选C。 15．The structure of the sentence “The students visited the museum” is _______. A．S+V B．S+V+DO C．S+V+IO+DO D．S+V+DO+OC 【答案】B 【详解】句意：The students visited the museum.这个句子的结构是什么？考查句子结构。分析句子可知，the students是主语；visited是谓语；the museum是宾语。故选B。 二、完成句子 1．a, gave, wrong size, you, me . 【答案】You gave me a wrong size 【详解】根据标点及所给词可知，此句为陈述句。you作主语；gave作谓语， give sb sth“给某人某物”；me作间接宾语；a wrong size作直接宾语。故填You gave me a wrong size“你给我的尺码不对”。 2．hard, is, math, problem, the . 【答案】The math problem is hard 【详解】根据所给词并结合标点可知，该句是一句简单句，结构为：主系表，the math problem“这个数学问题”，作主语，the位于句首，首字母要大写；is“是”，系动词；hard“难的”，形容词，作表语。故填The math problem is hard“这个数学问题是难的”。 3．pick apples, I, him, helped . 【答案】I helped him pick apples 【详解】根据所给标点可知应用陈述句的形式，分析所给单词，I作主语，helped作谓语，him作宾语，pick apples作宾语补足语。故答案为：I helped him pick apples“我帮他摘苹果”。 4．reading  she  books  likes . 【答案】She likes reading books 【详解】根据所给提示可知，该句是肯定句，其句型结构是：主语+谓语+宾语。She作主语，首字母大写，likes作谓语，使用了三单形式，reading books作宾语。故填She likes reading books“她喜欢读书”。 5．I, grandparents, visited, my . 【答案】I visited my grandparents 【详解】根据所给标点可知应用陈述句的形式，分析所给单词，I作主语，visited作谓语，my grandparents作宾语。故填I visited my grandparents“我拜访了我的祖父母”。 一、完形填空 （一）（2023·四川广安·一模）Some people have no interest in sports. They think that sports make them 1 and smell bad. They say, “Why waste time playing sports?” To these people, I politely say, “You have not discovered the 2 of sports!” Let me share with you a basketball game I played two weeks ago. Our parents and friends were there to 3 us. A lot of people were watching. We all wanted to 4 the game in front of so many people. The game was 5 over and we were one point behind. Our coach called us together and said, “Okay, this is it! Either we score now or the game is over. Let’s work hard to score. Even if we don’t score, 6 we know that we have tried our best. So, boys, don't think too much. It doesn’t matter if we lose. Just do it.” Well, in the last 7 of the game, we truly scored and two teams tied (打成平局)! We went into overtime (加时赛) and we lost in the end. But after the game, the coach hugged all of us. He told us that he was 8 because he had never seen a team try harder than us. To be honest, I 9 a lot of pleasure in playing sports. It makes me happy and comfortable. Because of that, I play sports whenever I get the chance. So my 10 is to choose a sport and keep doing it. Your body will thank you and your mind will be ready to work well. 1．A．lazy B．ugly C．tired D．afraid 2．A．prize B．fun C．time D．level 3．A．cheer B．train C．help D．call 4．A．report B．lose C．join D．win 5．A．suddenly B．recently C．finally D．nearly 6．A．at first B．at least C．at last D．at the time 7．A．month B．week C．hour D．minute 8．A．proud B．active C．brave D．honest 9．A．guess B．face C．feel D．give 10．A．action B．order C．advice D．interest 【答案】 1．C 2．B 3．A 4．D 5．D 6．B 7．D 8．A 9．C 10．C 【文章大意】本文作者介绍自己对运动的喜爱以及自己的运动经历。 1．句意：他们认为运动使他们疲劳和气味不好。 lazy懒惰的；ugly丑陋的；tired疲惫的；afraid害怕的。根据前文“Some people have no interest in sports.”和“They think that sports make them...and smell bad.”可知，对运动不感兴趣的人会觉得运动使他们疲劳和气味不好。故选C。 2．句意：你们还没有发现运动的乐趣！ prize奖项；fun乐趣；time时间；level水平。根据“You have not discovered the...of sports!”，结合选项可知，对于对运动不感兴趣的人，作者想表达他们还没有发现运动的乐趣。故选B。 3．句意：我们的父母和朋友都在那里为我们加油。 cheer加油；train训练；help帮助；call打电话。根据“Our parents and friends were there to...us.”，结合选项可知，此处应该指的是父母和朋友都在那里喊加油。故选A。 4．句意：我们都想在这么多人面前赢得比赛。 report报告；lose失去；join参加；win赢得。根据空格后“the game in front of so many people.”，结合选项可知，此处应该指的是想要赢得比赛。故选D。 5．句意：比赛快结束了，我们落后一分。 suddenly突然；recently最近；finally最终；nearly几乎。根据“The game was...over and we were one point behind.”，结合选项可知，在比赛快结束时，作者队伍还落后一分。故选D。 6．句意：即使我们没有得分，至少我们知道我们已经尽力了。 at first起初；at least至少；at last最后；at the time当时。根据“Even if we don’t score, ...we know that we have tried our best.”以及语境可知，教练认为即使没有得分，但是至少已经尽力了。故选B。 7．句意：嗯，在比赛的最后一分钟，我们真的得分了，两队打平了！ month月；week周；hour小时；minute分钟。根据“in the last...of the game, we truly scored and two teams tied (打成平局)”可知，应该是在最后一分钟打平。故选D。 8．句意：他告诉我们，他很自豪，因为他从未见过一支球队比我们更努力。 proud自豪的；active积极的；brave勇敢的；honest诚实的。根据空格后“because he had never seen a team try harder than us.”可知，队员们的努力使教练自豪。故选A。 9．句意：老实说，我在运动中感到很多乐趣。 guess猜测；face面对；feel感受；give给。根据空格后“a lot of pleasure in playing sports.”可知，此处应该指作者在运动中感受到很多乐趣。故选C。 10．句意：所以我的建议是选择一项运动并坚持下去。 action行为；order顺序；advice建议；interest兴趣。根据空格后“to choose a sport and keep doing it”可知，这是作者给大家的建议。故选C。 （二）（2023·辽宁沈阳·一模）Sarah was sad. Her best friend Jenny was moving in a month. Jenny promised to write, but Sarah didn’t 1 that. Last year another friend of her moved. Sarah wrote three letters to the friend, but never 2 her. Sarah knew the same thing would happen between Jenny and her, so she 3 not to be friends with Jenny. On Monday, Jenny invited Sarah to play with her, but Sarah refused. The next day Jenny asked Sarah if she wanted to share her 4 . Sarah wanted to but she said, “No, thanks. I don’t have a sweet tooth. ” On Wednesday, Jenny asked if Sarah wanted to sit next to her at the school play, and Sarah said 5 . Jenny sat by herself and looked 6 . Sarah’s 7 was on Thursday. Her mum didn’t have time to buy her a present, and her dad had to leave early for a meeting. It seemed that 8 cared that it was her birthday. But when Sarah got to school, she saw Jenny sitting outside with a present box. Sarah took the box silently and felt 9 for what she had done to Jenny. She knew that 10 Jenny was moving, they would keep in touch and be friends forever. 1．A．remember B．believe C．wish D．mind 2．A．looked for B．thought about C．depended on D．heard from 3．A．tried B．refused C．preferred D．decided 4．A．computer B．secret C．chocolate D．umbrella 5．A．no B．OK C．please D．goodbye 6．A．excited B．worried C．nervous D．sad 7．A．birthday B．test C．fight D．competition 8．A．everyone B．anyone C．someone D．no one 9．A．proud B．sorry C．interested D．pleased 10．A．although B．because C．if D．till 【答案】 1．B 2．D 3．D 4．C 5．A 6．D 7．A 8．D 9．B 10．A 【文章大意】本文主要讲述了被友谊伤过的Sarah最终相信即使搬家友谊也会存在的事实。 1．句意：Jenny答应写信，但是Sarah不相信。 remember记得；believe相信；wish希望；mind介意。根据“Sarah wrote three letters to the friend, but never…her.”可知，此处表示Sarah不相信。故选B。 2．句意：Sarah给这位朋友写了三封信，但从未收到她的回信。 looked for寻找；thought about考虑；depended on取决于；heard from收到……来信。根据“Sarah wrote three letters to the friend, but never…her.”可知，此处表示从未收到她的来信。故选D。 3．句意：Sarah知道Jenny和她之间也会发生同样的事情，所以她决定不和Jenny做朋友。 tried尝试；refused拒绝；preferred更喜欢；decided决定。根据“Sarah knew the same thing would happen between Jenny and her”可知，此处表示决定不和Jenny做朋友。故选D。 4．句意：第二天，Jenny问Sarah是否愿意分享她的巧克力。 computer电脑；secret秘密；chocolate巧克力；umbrella雨伞。根据“I don’t have a sweet tooth.”可知，此处分享的是巧克力。故选C。 5．句意：周三，Jenny问Sarah是否想在学校的戏剧中坐在她旁边，莎拉说不想。 no不；OK好的；please请；goodbye再见。根据“Sarah knew the same thing would happen between Jenny and her, so she…not to be friends with Jenny.”可知，此处Sarah拒绝了Jenny。故选A。 6．句意：Jenny独自坐着，看起来很伤心。 excited兴奋的；worried担心的；nervous紧张的；sad伤心的。根据上文Sarah拒绝了Jenny可知，Jenny应是很伤心。故选D。 7．句意：Sarah的生日是星期四。 birthday生日；test测试；fight打架；competition比赛。根据“Her mum didn’t have time to buy her a present, and her dad had to leave early for a meeting.”可知，周四是Sarah的生日。故选A。 8．句意：似乎没有人在乎今天是她的生日。 everyone每个人；anyone任何人；someone某个人；no one没有人。根据“Her mum didn’t have time to buy her a present, and her dad had to leave early for a meeting.”可知，此处表示似乎没人在乎今天是她的生日。故选D。 9．句意：Sarah默默的接过盒子，为自己对Jenny所做的一切感到抱歉。 proud自豪的；sorry抱歉的；interested感兴趣的；pleased愉快的。根据“what she had done to Jenny.”和前文内容可知，Sarah感到很抱歉。故选B。 10．句意：她知道尽管Jenny要搬家，但她们会保持联系，永远是朋友。 although尽管；because因为；if如果；till直到。根据前文内容可知，此处表示尽管Jenny要搬家，但她们会保持联系，永远是朋友。故选A。 二、阅读理解 （2024·浙江杭州·二模）①The scientific method is used for simple experiments that students may do in the classroom or very difficult experiments that scientists are doing all over the world. It is a way of thinking that helps you to avoid drawing incorrect conclusions (结论). There are usually four steps in the scientific method, including observation (观察), hypothesis (假设), experiment, and conclusion. ②The steps may not always be completed in the same order, but the first step is usually observation and asking a question about your observation. For example, you had a sick stomach, and ate a candy bar. An hour later, you observed that you felt much better. Here, you can ask a question, such as, “What makes a sick stomach feel better?” ③The second step is to state a possible answer to the question, or a hypothesis, such as “ ▲ ” A good hypothesis includes three things: The explanation for the observations, it is able to be tested, and it will usually predict new results or conclusions. ④The third step is the experiment, to test the hypothesis. An experiment is a test which will either challenge or support the hypothesis. The hypothesis will then be true or false. ⑤The final step is to think about what happened when you tested the hypothesis and draw a conclusion. The conclusion will either clearly support the hypothesis or it will not. If the results support the hypothesis, a conclusion can be written and you can share it with the rest of the world. If it does not support the hypothesis, you may choose to change the hypothesis or write a new one based on what was learned during the experiment. 1．How does the writer make us better understand the first step in Paragraph 2? A．By comparing the differences between the steps. B．By giving an example of asking a question. C．By asking some questions about the step. D．By presenting the questions during the experiment. 2．Which sentence can be put into “ ▲ ” in Paragraph 3? A．A candy bar makes a sick stomach feel better. B．It is the medicine that makes you feel better. C．Eat a candy bar again, and see what happens. D．Ask people if eating a candy bar makes them feel better. 3．What does the underlined word “it” in the last paragraph refer to? A．The hypothesis. B．The conclusion. C．The question. D．The observation. 4．What’s the structure of the text? A． B． C． D． 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．B 4．A 【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了基本科学方法包括四个步骤：观察、假设、实验和结论。 1．细节理解题。根据“For example, you had a sick stomach”可知是通过举例让我们明白第一个步骤。故选B。 2．推理判断题。根据“A good hypothesis includes three things: The explanation for the observations, it is able to be tested, and it will usually predict new results or conclusions.”可知一个好的假设包括三件事：对观察结果的解释，它能够被检验，它通常会预测新的结果或结论，A选项“一块糖能让恶心的胃感觉好一点”是一个好的假设，是一个解释，且能够被检验。故选A。 3．词义猜测题。根据“The conclusion will either clearly support the hypothesis or it will not”可知结论要么明确支持假设，要么不支持，此处“it”指代前面的“The conclusion”。故选B。 4．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段引出话题；第二至第五段分别介绍了基本科学方法的四个步骤。故文章结构是总分结构。故选A。 一、单项选择 1．（2023·四川内江·中考真题）If you feel unhappy, you can ask your parents or teachers for help. A．表语 B．状语 C．宾语 D．主语 【答案】B 【详解】句意：如果你感到不开心，你可以向你的父母或老师寻求帮助。考查句子成分。根据“If you feel unhappy”可知这是if引导的条件状语从句，属于状语。故选B。 2．（2023·四川内江·中考真题）I have had the dictionary for many years. A．状语 B．表语 C．定语 D．谓语 【答案】D 【详解】句意：这本字典我已经用了很多年了。考查句子成分。I作主语，have had作谓语，the dictionary作宾语，for many years作状语。故选D。 3．（2023·四川内江·中考真题）Excuse me. Are there any restrooms near here? A．定语 B．主语 C．表语 D．宾语 【答案】B 【详解】句意：打扰一下。这附近有洗手间吗？考查句子成分。Are there“有”，any restrooms作主语，near here作地点状语。故选B。 4．（2023·四川内江·中考真题）The students will have a three-day holiday soon. A．定语 B．宾语 C．状语 D．表语 【答案】A 【详解】句意：学生们很快就要有三天的假期了。考查句子成分。根据“a three-day holiday”可知three-day在此处作定语，修饰名词holiday。故选A。 5．（2023·四川内江·中考真题）Jim’s father bought him a schoolbag on his birthday. A．表语 B．直接宾语 C．间接宾语 D．主语 【答案】C 【详解】句意：吉姆的爸爸在他生日那天给他买了一个书包。考查句子成分。buy sb sth“给某人买某物”，人作间接宾语，物作直接宾语。故选C。 二、完形填空 （2024·四川巴中·中考真题）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，使短文完整、通顺、正确。将答案序号涂在答题卡上相应的位置。 Chinese swimmer Qin Haiyang will be one of China’s medal hopes in the Paris Olympic pool. Although Qin has 1 the World Aquatics Championship in 2023, he tries his best to improve himself. However, Qin’s swimming journey was not 2 smooth. In 2016, Qin missed the chance to take part 3 the Rio Olympic Games because he fell behind by 4 than 0.5 seconds. “After that, I felt regret and started to dream big. I 5 to stand on the world stage to show my talent,” Qin said in an interview for China Daily’s online 6 Tracking Success. 7 , he met with regret again in 2021. During the men’s 200m breaststroke preliminaries (蛙泳预赛) at the Tokyo Olympics, Qin finished first in his group. But his score 8 because of his mistakes. From then on, Qin threw 9 into endless training, focusing on every detail of his swimming skills. Changing swimming habits is as difficult as changing 10 habits, especially for an adult athlete. He described this process as “breaking and rebuilding”. “Just like learning to dance, I asked myself to finish every certain move perfectly,” Qin 11 Jimu News. 12 two years of training, Qin finally became a hit in 2023, taking home 33 medals in total and being called “Breastroke King”. Still, he kept low-key. He compared 13 his achievements to the process of a stream (小溪) flowing into the sea. “When I was a child, I was like a small stream. Then it gradually became a small river, and then a 14 river, finally flowing into the ocean,” Qin told China Daily. Qin’s next goal is the Paris Olympic Games. “I 15 I can produce the best result possible and make a real splash (水花),” he said in the online show. 1．A．beat B．kept C．won D．made 2．A．hardly B．always C．sometimes D．never 3．A．in B．of C．at D．to 4．A．better B．faster C．more D．less 5．A．refused B．forgot C．decided D．pretended 6．A．show B．task C．suggestion D．way 7．A．Especially B．Suddenly C．Luckily D．Unluckily 8．A．canceled B．was canceled C．recorded D．was recorded 9．A．himself B．her C．his D．herself 10．A．other B．others C．another D．both 11．A．said B．spoke C．told D．talked 12．A．After B．Since C．Before D．During 13．A．all B．whole C．some D．most 14．A．deep B．small C．wild D．big 15．A．find B．hope C．realize D．know 【答案】 1．C 2．B 3．A 4．D 5．C 6．A 7．D 8．B 9．A 10．A 11．C 12．A 13．A 14．D 15．B 【文章大意】本文主要介绍了中国游泳运动员覃海洋的经历。 1．句意：尽管覃在2023年赢得了世界游泳锦标赛冠军，但他仍在努力提高自己。 beat打败；kept保持；won赢；made制造。根据“the World Aquatics Championship in 2023, he tries his best to improve himself.”可知是赢得了世界游泳锦标赛冠军。故选C。 2．句意：然而，覃的游泳之旅并不总是一帆风顺。 hardly几乎不；always总是；sometimes有时；never从不。根据“However, Qin’s swimming journey was not...smooth”以及下文内容可知，他的旅游之旅不总是一帆风顺。故选B。 3．句意：2016年，覃因落后不到0.5秒而错过了参加里约奥运会的机会。 in在里面；of……的；at在；to到。take part in“参加”。故选A。 4．句意：2016年，覃因落后不到0.5秒而错过了参加里约奥运会的机会。 better更好；faster更快；more更多；less更少。根据“he fell behind”可知是不到0.5秒。故选D。 5．句意：我决定站在世界舞台上展示我的才华。 refused拒绝；forgot忘记；decided决定；pretended假装。根据“to stand on the world stage to show my talent”可知是决定站是世界舞台上展示自己的才华。故选C。 6．句意：覃在接受《中国日报》在线节目《追踪成功》的采访时说。 show节目；task认为；suggestion建议；way方式。根据“said in an interview for China Daily’s online”可知这是一个在线节目。故选A。 7．句意：不幸的是，他在2021年再次遭遇了遗憾。 Especially尤其；Suddenly突然；Luckily幸运地；Unluckily不幸地。根据“he met with regret again in 2021”可知他又遭遇了遗憾，这是不幸的。故选D。 8．句意：但由于他的失误，他的分数被取消了。 canceled取消；was canceled被取消，一般过去时的被动语态；recorded记录；was recorded被记录，一般过去时的被动语态。根据“because of his mistakes.”可知因为他的错误，他的成绩被取消了，用一般过去时的被动语态。故选B。 9．句意：从那时起，覃就全身心投入到无休止的训练中，专注于游泳技巧的每一个细节。 himself他自己；her她的；his他的；herself他自己。此处主语Qin和宾语一致，故此处用反身代词himself。故选A。 10．句意：改变游泳习惯和改变其他习惯一样困难，尤其是对于成年运动员来说。 other其他的；others其他人或物；another另一个；both两者多。根据“changing...habits”可知是改变其他的习惯，修饰名词复数用other。故选A。 11．句意：覃告诉《极目新闻》。 said说，后加具体内容；spoke说，后加语言；told告诉；talked说话。根据“Jimu News.”可知是告诉《极目新闻》。故选C。 12．句意：经过两年的训练，覃终于在2023年大放异彩，共获得33枚奖牌，被誉为“蛙泳之王”。 After在……之后；Since自从；Before在……之前；During在……期间。根据“two years of training, Qin finally became a hit in 2023,”可知是经过两年的训练。故选A。 13．句意：他把自己所有的成就比作一条小溪流入大海的过程。 all全都；whole整体的；some一些；most大多数。根据“his achievements to the process of a stream...”可知是把他的所有成就比作一条小溪流入大海的过程。故选A。 14．句意：然后它逐渐变成一条小河，然后变成一条大河，最后流入大海。 deep深的；small小的；wild野外的；big大的。根据“Then it gradually became a small river, and then a...river...”可知小河变成大河，最后流入大海。故选D。 15．句意：我希望我能取得最好的成绩，真正引起轰动。 find发现；hope希望；realize意识到；know知道。根据“I can produce the best result possible and make a real splash”可知是希望自己能取得好成绩。故选B。 三、阅读理解 （一）（2024·四川·中考真题）Shen Hu, from Shenyang, Liaoning, is good at cooking. He came to London, England’s biggest city, in 2005. He then started working at a Chinese restaurant. He has brought Chinese dishes and food culture to English people through his excellent cooking skills. “All the seasonings (调味品) used in my kitchen are brought from China by air to make English people enjoy great Chinese food,” Shen said. He not only cooks dishes of his hometown but also serves other famous Chinese dishes. English people like Shen’s meals. Some even travel far to have meals at the restaurant. They ask to try more Chinese dishes. Some even try learning cooking Chinese dishes. Peter, a college student, usually has his lunch in the restaurant, and Beijing Duck is one of his favorites. For him, the flavor (味道) of English food is quite different from that of Chinese food, “English people can have a try,” he advised. John, owning a store near the restaurant, likes Shen’s dishes, too. “I love his veggie rice and sweet and sour chicken the most,” he said. John comes to the restaurant as long as he finds time and always advises his friends to try the delicious Chinese food served in the restaurant. “We are trying to keep Eastern food culture alive here and because of Shen, our restaurant represents (代表) this culture,” said Alan, the owner of the restaurant. “I plan to open another Chinese restaurant in London.” 1．What did Shen go to London to do? A．To enjoy English dishes. B．To make English friends. C．To start a Chinese restaurant. D．To work as a cook in a restaurant. 2．What does Paragraph 2 tell us about the English people? A．They buy food from China. B．They enjoy Chinese dishes. C．They often eat at restaurants. D．They are good at cooking Chinese dishes. 3．Who likes Beijing Duck? A．Peter. B．John. C．Alan. D．Shen Hu. 4．What can we know about Alan from the last paragraph? A．He is satisfied with the restaurant. B．He’ll start a restaurant in China. C．He likes to cook Chinese food. D．He is learning Chinese culture. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．A 4．A 【文章大意】本文主要介绍了沈胡通过在伦敦的中国餐馆展示精湛的烹饪技艺，将中国菜和饮食文化带给英国人，赢得了他们的喜爱和认可，同时餐厅老板艾伦也计划在伦敦再开一家中餐馆以保持东方饮食文化的活力。 1．细节理解题。根据“He came to London, England’s biggest city, in 2005. He then started working at a Chinese restaurant”可知他在伦敦一家中国餐馆工作。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“English people like Shen’s meals. Some even travel far to have meals at the restaurant. They ask to try more Chinese dishes. Some even try learning cooking Chinese dishes.”可知英国人喜欢中国菜。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“Peter, a college student, usually has his lunch in the restaurant, and Beijing Duck is one of his favorites”可知彼得喜欢北京烤鸭。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据“We are trying to keep Eastern food culture alive here and because of Shen, our restaurant represents (代表) this culture”可知他们正努力在这里保持东方饮食文化的活力，因为沈，他们的餐厅代表了这种文化，可见他对餐厅很满意。故选A。 （二）（2024·四川·中考真题）From America to Egypt, Hazelip and Hamby showed people around the world that it’s never too late to get out and see the world. They come from Texas, USA．The two friends are in their 80s. They did a big thing months ago. They took a world trip in just over two and a half months. Hazelip said that she wanted to start the trip in 2021. After reading the book Around the World in 80 Days, she thought it would be fun for Hamby and her to go around the world in 80 days at age 80. Then she told Hamby what she wanted to do. When Hamby heard this, she just couldn’t believe her ears. She asked Hazelip if she was sure what she was talking about. Hazelip said yes. With that, they decided on a world trip. But because of COVID-19, they had to put off their trip. In January this year, the two got a start. Hamby said their families were supportive of their big dream. “My daughter had no worries about my trip,” Hamby said. “She was happy that I could live the life I wanted to live.” Hazelip wishes that their story could inspire (激励) people of all ages. “Don’t sit in that chair and wait,” she said. “If you don’t use your time, you lose it.” 1．How old were Hazelip and Hamby in 2021? A．76. B．80. C．84. D．86. 2．How did Hamby feel when she first heard of Hazelip’s plan? A．Satisfied. B．Worried. C．Interested. D．Surprised. 3．What is Hazelip’s advice for people of all ages? A．To do more reading. B．To do what you like right now. C．To learn from others. D．To wait for good chances. 4．What can be the best title for the text? A．A World Trip at Old Age B．Two Interesting Ladies C．Support from Families D．Courage from A Book 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．B 4．A 【文章大意】本文主要介绍了Hazelip和Hamby这两位80多岁的朋友通过在短短两个半月内完成世界旅行，向世界各地的人们展示了走出去看世界永远不会太晚，他们的故事激励了所有年龄段的人要珍惜时间，勇敢追求梦想。 1．细节理解题。根据“Hazelip said that she wanted to start the trip in 2021...go around the world in 80 days at age 80”可知当时他们是80岁。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“When Hamby heard this, she just couldn’t believe her ears”可知当 Hamby听到这些时，她简直不敢相信自己的耳朵，所以她很吃惊。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“‘Don’t sit in that chair and wait,’ she said. ‘If you don’t use your time, you lose it.’”可知Hazelip建议所有人不要坐在椅子上等待，要好好利用自己的时间，做自己想做的事情。故选B。 4．最佳标题题。本文主要介绍了Hazelip和Hamby这两位80多岁的朋友通过在短短两个半月内完成世界旅行，向世界各地的人们展示了走出去看世界永远不会太晚，他们的故事激励了所有年龄段的人要珍惜时间，勇敢追求梦想，以选项A“老年世界之旅”为标题最合适。故选A。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$