专题04 选择必修一Unit 4 Exploring poetry 重难知识综合复习-【寒假自学课】2025年高二英语寒假提升精品讲义（译林版2020）

专题04 Unit 4 Exploring poetry (选择必修一) 考点聚焦：核心考点+小考考点，有的放矢 重点速记：知识点和关键点梳理，查漏补缺 难点强化：难点内容标注与讲解，能力提升 学以致用：真题感知+提升专练，全面突破 重点单词 1. imply 　　　 vt. 含有……的意思, 暗示, 暗指 2. dimension n. 方面, 侧面; 规模, 程度; 维 3. grasp n. 理解, 领会; 抓紧, 握紧, 控制; 能力所及vt. 抓紧; 领会, 理解 4. rhyme n. 押韵词, 押韵vt. 使押韵vi. 和……同韵 5. complex adj. 复杂的, 难懂的n. 建筑群; 复合体; 情结 6. clue n. 线索, 提示; 迹象 7. cage vt. 把(动物)关在笼中n. 笼子 8. aside adv. 到旁边, 在旁边; 留, 存; 除……以外 9. remote adj. 偏远的, 偏僻的; 遥远的, 久远的; 远亲的 10. reward  vt. 奖励, 奖赏n. 奖励, 回报; 悬赏金 11. inner adj. 内心的, 隐藏的; 里面的, 内部的 12. perceive  vt. 注意到, 意识到, 将……理解为, 将……视为 13. ideal  n. 理想; 典范adj. 完美的, 理想的 14. rigid adj. 死板的, 僵硬的; 固执的, 僵化的 15. undergo vt. (underwent, undergone)经历, 经受 16. advocate vt. 拥护, 支持, 提倡n. 拥护者, 支持者; 辩护律师 17. district n. 区, 行政区; 地区, 区域 18. bend  vi. & vt. (bent, bent)(使)拐弯, 弯曲n. 拐弯, 弯道 19. claim n. 声明, 宣称; 所有权; 索赔vt. 宣称, 声称, 要求; 索取; 获得 20. hence  adv. 因此, 由此 21. dare  vi. & vt. 敢于, 胆敢; 激(某人做某事) 22. numerous adj. 众多的, 许多的 23. encounter vt. 偶然碰到, 意外地遇见; 遭遇, 碰到n. 相遇, 遭遇, 冲突 24. nourish  vt. 培养, 助长; 抚养, 滋养 25. boom n. (贸易和经济活动的)激增, 繁荣vi. 迅速发展, 激增, 繁荣昌盛 26. vitality n. 生命力, 活力, 热情 27. distinguish  vt. & vi. 成为……的特征, 使有别于; 区分, 辨别; 认出; 使出众 28. cast  vt. (cast, cast)投射; 向……投以(视线、笑容等); 投, 抛; 选派角色n. 全体演员; 投, 抛 29. owe  vt. 欠(情); 欠(债) 30. debt  n. 人情债, 情义, 恩情; 借款, 欠款, 债务 31. entitle vt. (usually passive)给……命名; 使享有权利, 使符合资格 32. blame vt. 把……归咎于, 责怪, 指责n. 责任, 责备, 指责 33. allowance n. 津贴, 补助; 限额; 零花钱 34. freeze v. 冰冻; (使)冻结, 结冰; (使)冻住, 冻堵; 严寒→ frozen adj. 结冰的, 冰封的; 冷冻的; 冻僵的→ freezing adj. 极冷的; 冰冻的; 冰点以下的  35. detect vt. 发现, 查明, 侦察出→ detector n. 探测器; 检测器  36. contradict v. 反驳; 驳斥; 批驳; 相矛盾; 相抵触; 相反→ contradictory adj. 互相矛盾的, 对立的  37. interpret vt. 解释, 阐释; 把……理解为, 领会; 演绎 vi. 口译→ interpreter n. 口译工作者; 口译译员  38. patient adj. 耐心的 n. 患者→ patience n. 耐心, 忍耐力 39. constant adj. 不断的; 连续发生的→ constantly adv. 始终, 一直  40. logic n. 逻辑; 逻辑学; 思维方式→ logical adj. 符合逻辑的; 必然的, 合乎情理的→ logically adv. 逻辑上; 合乎逻辑地 41. real adj. 真正的; 真实的; 真的; 实际存在的→reality n. 现实, 实际情况; 事实, 实际经历 42. mist n. 薄雾, 水汽→ misty adj. 模糊的; 多雾的; 不明晰的 43. novel n. 小说→ novelist n. 小说家  44. industry n. 工业→ industrial adj. 工业的→ industrialize v. (使)工业化→industrialization n. 工业化 45. belief n. 看法, 信念; 信仰; 相信, 信心→ believe v. 相信  46. strike vt. &vi. 突然想到; 撞, 碰; 打; 突击; 罢工; 划(火柴)n. 罢工; 袭击; 击; 打→ striking adj. 引人注目的, 显著的; 妩媚动人的, 标致的 ( 核心考点 ) 考点1 frozen adj.结冰的，冰封的；冷冻的；冻僵的→________ adj.冰点以下的；结冰的；极冷的n.冰点→________ v．(使)结冰，凝固；冷藏；冰冻；(因恐惧等而)呆住 (1)freezing point冰点 freezing cold 非常冷 above/below freezing 在冰点以上/下 (2)freeze (...) ______ death (使……)冻死 【答案】 freezing, freeze, to 【考点再现】单句语法填空 The air temperature was well below (freeze), and lakes and rivers froze over. 【思路点拨】考查名词。句意：气温远低于冰点，湖泊和河流都结冰了。空处用于介词below之后，应用名词freezing，作宾语，符合题意。故填freezing。 【答案】freezing 考点2 grasp vt.& n．理解，领会；抓紧，握紧，控制；能力所及 (1)grasp that/wh从句 理解…… grasp sb._____ the hand/arm抓住某人的手/手臂 grasp __________ 尽力抓住 grasp a chance/an opportunity抓住机会 (2)have a grasp of sth. beyond one's grasp超出某人的理解能力 [名师点津]　grasp同catch一样，由“抓住”可引申为“理解，明白”。 【答案】by, at, 掌握某物 【考点再现】单句语法填空 A businessman will grasp any chance to make a profit. 【思路点拨】考查介词。句意：商人会尽力抓住任何赚钱的机会。grasp at为固定短语，意为“尽力抓住”，符合句意。故填at。 【答案】at 考点3 reward vt.奖励，奖赏，报答，酬谢 n．奖励，回报；酬谢；悬赏金；奖赏→________adj.值得做的；有益的) •reward sb ____ sth 用……奖赏某人 •as a reward _______...作为对……的报酬 in reward for为报答……；作为……的奖赏 [易混辨析]　reward/award reward 名词 指赏金、酬金或一些非金钱的报酬，多指对某人的工作或服务等的报答 动词 表示“报答，酬谢” award 名词 指奖品、奖金，其义与prize近似。指一种官方的奖励行为，往往指对在工作中取得成就或完成所提出要求的人而进行的一种奖励，强调荣誉而不在乎奖品的大小或奖金的多少，还可指某种奖项 【答案】rewarding, with, for, 【考点再现】单句语法填空 reward for her contributions to the arts, the university named a new building after the artist. 【思路点拨】考查介词。句意：为了奖励她对艺术的贡献，这所大学以这位艺术家的名字命名了一座新楼。短语in reward for表示“为了奖励”，首字母大写。故填In。 【答案】In 考点4 advocate vt.拥护，支持，提倡 n．提倡者，拥护者，支持者；辩护律师 (1)advocate + that从句　　 主张…… advocate sth. 　　 提倡做某事 advocate sb. sth. It is advocated that...主张/提倡……[从句谓语动词用“ ”] (2)an advocate of sth. 【答案】doing, to do, (should)+动词原形，某事倡导者 【考点再现】单句语法填空 Some people advocated (limit) the number of cars on the main roads in this city. 【思路点拨】考查非谓语动词。句意：一些人倡议限制该城市里主干道上汽车的数量。advocate“提倡，倡议”，后接动词-ing形式作宾语。故填limiting。 【答案】limiting。 考点5 claim vt.声称，宣称；索要，索取；致命；认领；获得 n．声称，宣称；所有权；索赔 claim that/_______...声称…… claim to _______ sth 声称做过某事 claim for/make ________ claim for sth 就……提出要求 ________ is claimed that...据称……，据说…… 【答案】to do, have done sth. a, It 【考点再现】单句语法填空 Over 3,000 lives (claim) in the 1906 San Francisco earthquake and the series of fires that occurred after it. 【思路点拨】考查动词和时态。句意：1906年的旧金山地震和随后发生的一系列火灾夺去了3000多人的生命。设空处在句中作谓语，和句子的主语之间是被动关系，根据时间状语“in the 1906 San Francisco earthquake (在1906年的旧金山地震中)”可知，句子的时态为一般过去时，Over 3,000 lives与claim为被动关系，设空处为一般过去时的被动语态，主语为over 3,000 lives，be动词用were。故填were claimed。 【答案】were claimed 考点6 tolerant adj.宽容的，容忍的；能耐……的 →________vt.容忍；允许；忍受→_______n．容忍；忍耐力) •be tolerant _________________对……容忍/宽容 •tolerate (sb/sb’s) doing...容忍(某人)做…… 【答案】tolerate, tolerance, of/ towards 【考点再现】单句语法填空 There is lowered pain (tolerant), lowered resistance to infection. 【思路点拨】考查名词。句意：对疼痛的忍耐力降低了，对感染的抵抗力也减弱了。本句为there be句型，结合空前的lowered pain可知，空处应用名词，表示降低的疼痛忍耐力，应用tolerance，意为“忍耐力”，为不可数名词，作主语。故填tolerance。 【答案】tolerance 考点7 distinguish v．区分，辨别；分清；成为……的特征；使有别于；使出众→___________adj.卓越的；著名的；杰出的；高贵的；受尊重的) distinguish between A and B　区分A和B distinguish...________...使……有别于……；把……与……区分开来 distinguish oneself (as)(作为……而)出名；使自己出众 •be distinguished _________..因……而出名 be distinguished as...作为……而出名 【答案】distinguished, from, for 【考点再现】单句语法填空 He has already distinguished (he) as an athlete in the world. 【思路点拨】考查反身代词。句意：他已经作为世界级的运动员而扬名了。当主语与宾语是同一个人时，需用反身代词作宾语，主语为he，此处反身代词应用himself，作宾语。故填himself。 【答案】himself 考点8 owe vt.欠(情)，欠(债)；归功于；归因于 •owe sb sth ＝owe sth to sb 欠某人某物；把……归功于…… owe it to sb that.../to do...把……归功于某人 owe an apology to sb/owe sb an apology_______ •owing to_______ 【答案】应向某人道歉, 由于 【考点再现】单句语法填空 You owe it yourself to get some professional help. 【思路点拨】考查介词。句意：你为了自己着想也该去寻求一些专业的帮助了。owe it to sb to do sth“该为某人做某事”，固定搭配，故填to。 【答案】to 考点9 blame n．责任，责备，指责 vt.责怪，指责，把……归咎于 •take/bear the blame ...对……负责；为……承担责任 put/lay the blame for sth on sb 把某事推到某人身上/归咎于某人 •blame sb for...因……而指责某人；把……归咎于某人 blame sth sb 把某事归咎于某人 be (for sth)(为某事)承担责任；(因某事)该受责备(主动形式表被动意义) 答案：for, on, to blame 【考点再现】单句语法填空 Who is (blame) for some students failing to keep up with the pace? 【思路点拨】考查固定短语。句意：谁应该为一些学生跟不上节奏而负责呢？be to blame是一个固定短语，表示“应受责备；应负责任”。根据句意，故填to blame。。 【答案】to blame 考点10 belief n. 看法, 信念; 信仰; 相信, 信心→_________vt. &vi. 相信 (1)_____ is one’s belief that. . . 某人相信 beyond belief　　　　　 (因太大﹑太难﹑太可怕等)难以置信 hold the belief that. . . 相信, 认为 (2)believe in 相信 ______is believed that. . . 人们相信 [答案]：believe, It, it 【考点再现】单句语法填空 I have the belief some of you have heard about UNESCO heritage sites or maybe even visited one! 【思路点拨】考查同位语从句。句意：我相信你们中的一些人听说过联合国教科文组织目录中的文化遗址，或者甚至参观过一个。本空引导同位语从句，对名词belief解释说明，从句成份和意义都完整，所以用that引导。故填that。 【答案】that 重点短语 1. dig up 　　　　　 发现, 搜集, 查明  2. set sth. aside  把……放一边; 留出  3. break with sth. 与某事终止关联, 破除  4. make allowance for  体谅; 考虑到, 估计到  ( 核心考点 ) 考点1 dig up发现, 搜集, 查明 dig. . . ____　　挖出…… dig in/into sth. 把……插入…… dig ______ sth. 采掘探寻(黄金等); 挖掘某物 【答案】out, for 【考点再现】单句语法填空 . Reading poetry is like trying to find and dig a treasure: I can use a poem as a treasure map that will (eventual) guide me to exciting new discoveries. 【思路点拨】考查固定短语和副词。句意：读诗就像试图寻找和挖掘宝藏：我可以把一首诗当作藏宝图，最终引导我找到令人兴奋的新发现。第一空，根据句意和空格前的动词dig分析句子可知，空格处应该填入up，构成固定短语dig up“挖出”；第二空，空格处应该填入eventual的副词形式eventually作状语，修饰谓语动词。故填up；eventually。 【答案】up eventually 考点2 set sth. aside把……放一边；留出 set ______留出，存储 set out出发，开始 set _________ doing sth.开始做某事 set off出发；使爆炸；引发；激起 【答案】aside, about 【考点再现】单句语法填空 A group of boys were setting fireworks in the street. 【思路点拨】考查固定短语。句意：一群男孩在街上放烟花。根据句意及空前的“setting”可知，空处应填off，构成固定短语set off，表示“点燃，引爆”。故填off。 【答案】off 重点句型 1. even if引导状语从句 Even if its true meaning appears to be beyond your grasp, you can always say something about how the poem sounds when you read it aloud.   即使你无法理解诗歌的真正含义, 也总可以说出这首诗在朗读时听起来如何。 2. as long as引导状语从句 As long as the journey of poetry reading makes you feel something or lets you perceive another level of meaning, it will have been worth your effort.   只要读诗之旅能让你有所感悟, 或者让你领悟到另一层含义, 你的努力就是值得的。 3. Given. . . 考虑到…… Given his personal experiences and the historical background, it is only natural to see that the majority of Li Bai’s poems are characterized by the romantic style.   鉴于他的个人经历和历史背景, 李白多数作品皆富浪漫主义色彩就不足为奇了。 4. 完全倒装句 Equally impressive is Li Bai’s free expression of strong feelings, which breathes vitality into the lifeless objects he describes, and which distinguishes him from other landscape poets.   同样让人印象深刻的是李白强烈情感的自由抒发, 这为他笔下的无生命物体注入了生机, 也让他有别于其他山水诗人。 5. as if 引导的状语从句 Second, approach the poem as if you were an explorer in an unfamiliar landscape. 第二，把这首诗当作一个探索陌生风景的探险家。 ( 核心考点 ) 1. as if 引导状语从句 [教材原句]　Second, approach the poem as if you were an explorer in an unfamiliar landscape. 第二，把这首诗当作一个探索陌生风景的探险家。 (1)as if引导方式状语从句。其用法和意义与as though相似，都表示“好像，仿佛”之意；在look、seem、feel、sound等系动词后可引导表语从句。 (2)当as if引导的方式状语从句或表语从句所表示的情况不是事实，而是主观的想象或夸大性的比喻时，从句通常用虚拟语气。as if/though从句用虚拟语气的情况： a．当从句表示与现在事实相反的情况时，谓语动词用一般过去时，be动词用were； b．当从句表示与过去事实相反的情况时，谓语动词用“had＋过去分词”形式； c．当从句表示与将来事实相反的情况时，谓语动词用“could/might/would＋动词原形”。 【考点再现】单句语法填空 She opened her mouth as if (say) something. 【思路点拨】考查省略。句意:她张开嘴好像要说什么。as if引导状语从句中主语与主句主语一致并且包含be动词，则可以省略从句中的主语和be动词。根据语境，她似乎是打算要说些什么，应表示为as if she was to say something，可省略为as if to say something。故填to say。 【答案】to say 重点语法 考点一 非谓语动词作主语和表语 1．作主语 (1) 非谓语动词中能作主语的有动名词和不定式。动名词作主语表示一般的、抽象的或习惯性的动作,不定式作主语表示具体的、一次性的或尚未做的动作 (2) it作形式主语,代替真正作主语的不定式或动名词 2．作表语 非谓语动词中能作表语的有现在分词、过去分词、动名词和不定式。现在分词作表语意为“令人……的”,而过去分词作表语意为“感到……的” 注:get、 become、 look、 seem、 appear等系动词后可接过去分词作表语,表示被动或主语的状态 【考点再现】单句语法填空 The purpose of education is (develop) a fine personality in children.. 【思路点拨】考查不定式。句意：教育的目的是为了培养孩子好的品质。此处作表语，根据主语The purpose可知，此处应用不定式to do作表语，故填to develop。 【答案】to develop。 考点二 非谓语动词作宾语 后接动名词作宾语的动词(短语)有suggest、 imagine、 mind、 admit、 practise、 allow、 risk、 keep、 keep on、 avoid、 escape、 enjoy、 consider、 excuse、 finish、 miss、 insist on、 look forward to、 feel like、 get down to、 object to等 后接不定式作宾语的动词(短语)有wish、 hope、 decide、 refuse、 promise、 pretend、 manage、 plan、 fail、 choose、 would like等 Why did Patrick keep on asking the same question? 为什么帕特里克总是问同样的问题呢? She doesn‘t talk to you and refuses to text or phone you back. 她不跟你说话,也不回你的短信或电话。 既可接动名词又可接不定式的动词(短语)有remember、forget、regret、stop、go on、mean、start、begin、try等,但意义上有区别 forget to do sth 忘记去做某事(未做) forget doing sth忘记做过某事(已做或已发生) stop to do sth 停止(某事)去做另一件事 stop doing sth停止正在做的事 remember to do sth 记住去做某事(未做) remember doing sth 记得做过某事(已做) regret to do sth 对要做的事感到遗憾 regret doing sth 对做过的事表示后悔 try to do sth 努力做某事 try doing sth 尝试做某事 need、 require、 want作“需要”讲以及deserve作“应受,应得”讲时,其后接动名词的主动形式或不定式的被动式 it作形式宾语,代替真正作宾语的不定式或动名词 【考点再现】单句语法填空 The miners were in a desperate situation after (trap) in the collapsed mine for days. 【思路点拨】考查非谓语动词。句意：矿工们在坍塌的矿井中被困了几天，处于绝望的境地。空前是介词，所以空处应填动名词作宾语，trap和逻辑主语miners之间是被动关系，用动名词的被动形式。故填being trapped。 【答案】being trapped。 考点三 非谓语动词作宾语补足语 1.“五看二听一感觉”的感官动词(短语),如see、 watch、 observe、 notice、 look at、 hear、 listen to、 feel,后面的宾语补足语有三种常见的非谓语动词形式(do/doing/done)。do表示主动或完成(被动句应补上不定式符号to),doing表示主动或正在进行,done表示被动或完成 2.使役动词后面的宾语补足语。常见的使役动词有make、 leave、 keep、 have、 get等 (1) 宾语和宾语补足语之间表示主动的结构 make sb do sth 使得某人做某事 get sb to do sth 使得某人开始做某事(强调使/让……开始行动起来) have sb do sth 使得某人做某事 have sb doing sth 使得某人(持续)做某事 (2) 宾语和宾语补足语之间表示被动的结构 make/get/have sth done使/让某事被做 leave sth to be done 留下……要被做 常跟不定式作宾补的动词有advise、 allow、 ask、 beg、 encourage、 expect、 forbid、 force、 get、 intend、 invite、 like、 order、 persuade、 prefer、 require、 teach、 remind、 tell、 want等 with/without复合结构 sb/sth doing(表示主动、进行或特征) with/without sth done(表示被动、完成或状态) with/without sth to do(表示将来) 【考点再现】单句语法填空 I regularly see groups of people in restaurants (pay) more attention to their phones than to each other. 【思路点拨】考查非谓语动词。句意：我经常看到一群人在餐馆里更关注自己的手机，而不是彼此。空处作宾语补足语，pay attention to“关注”和groups of people逻辑上是主动关系，结合句意可知，“我”看到的应该是瞬间动作，而非全过程，因此用pay的现在分词形式，固定搭配see sb. doing sth.表示“看见某人正在做某事”。故填paying。 【答案】paying 考点四 非谓语动词作状语 1.不定式作状语 (1) 通常表示目的,相当于in order to或so as to,以示强调 (2) 表示结果时常用于too...to...、only to...、never to...等结构中 (3) 可用在某些形容词的后面 2.分词作状语 分词作状语可表示时间、条件、原因、伴随、让步、方式和结果等 注:现在分词和only to do sth都可以表示结果。但是现在分词作状语表示顺理成章的结果,即由于前句动作的发生而造成的结果;而only to do sth表示出乎意料的(往往是不太好的)结果 【考点再现】单句语法填空 (cover) with thick snow, the mountains look like a silver world. 【思路点拨】考查非谓语动词。句意：山上覆盖着厚厚的积雪，看起来像一个银色的世界。look为谓语动词，空处作状语，逻辑主语the mountains与cover构成被动关系，用过去分词，放在句首，首字母大写。故填Covered。 【答案】Covered。 考点五 非谓语动词作定语 1.不定式作定语 (1) 不定式作定语表示将来的动作 (2) 有些名词后大多用不定式作定语,如ability、desire、attempt、 chance、 decision、 effort、 failure、 promise、 offer、 way、 time、 wish等 (3) 被修饰的名词前有序数词、形容词最高级或next、last、only、not a、the等限定词时,只能用不定式 2.分词作定语* (1) 现在分词表示主动意义;过去分词表示被动意义 (2) 现在分词表示正在进行;过去分词表示状态或完成 注:动词不定式的被动式强调的是一个即将要发生的被动动作;现在分词的被动式表示一个正在进行的被动动作;过去分词的被动式表示发生在过去的被动动作. 【考点再现】单句语法填空 I have recently challenged myself to take part in Happy Run, a sports event (intend) to  get more people involved in daily physical exercise. 【思路点拨】考查非谓语动词。句意：我最近挑战自己参加Happy Run，这是一项旨在让更多人参与日常体育锻炼的体育赛事。intend作后置定语，修饰a sports event ，二者之间是被动关系，需用过去分词形式intended表示被动和完成状态。故填intended。 【答案】intended 考点六 非谓语动词的时态与语态 类别 时态 语态 主动 被动 不定式 一般式 to do to be done 进行式 to be doing — 完成式 to have done to have been done 现在分词 一般式 doing being done 完成式 having done having been done 过去分词 一般式 done — 非谓语动词与逻辑主语(通常是句子的主语)之间存在主谓或动宾关系。与逻辑主语之间存在主谓关系时,用主动形式;与逻辑主语之间存在动宾关系时,用被动形式 Tip 2 非谓语动词的时态 (1) 非谓语动词所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之后或同时发生,用一般式 (2) 非谓语动词所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前,用完成式 【考点再现】单句语法填空 (leave) alone in the dark forest frightened the little girl terribly. 【思路点拨】考查动名词。句意：被单独留在黑暗的森林里，小女孩感到非常害怕。空格处作主语，用动名词形式，且leave(遗留)和其逻辑主语the little girl之间是被动关系，所以需用动名词的被动式being left作主语；句首单词首字母大写。故填Being left。 【答案】Being left。 1． bananas will last several weeks, depending on their ripeness and the temperature of the . (freeze) 【答案】 Frozen freezer 【详解】考查形容词和名词。句意：冷冻香蕉可以保存几个星期，这取决于香蕉的成熟度和冰箱的温度。第一个空处为形容词frozen“冷冻的”作定语修饰名词，首字母大写。第二个空为名词freezer“冰箱”作宾语。故填Frozen；freezer。 2．He wondered whether his friends (grasp)that he had done his best. 【答案】grasped 【详解】考查动词的时态。句意：他想知道他的朋友们是否知道他已经尽力了。grasp意为“领会；理解”。分析句子可知，空格处在whether引导的宾语从句中作谓语，由wondered可知，此处应用一般过去时态。故填grasped。 3．According to a professional running athlete, finishing a long run is a very (reward) experience. 【答案】rewarding 【详解】考查形容词。句意：根据专业跑步运动员的说法，完成长跑是一次非常有益的经历。根据句意可知，修饰名词experience应用形容词rewarding“有益的，值得做的”。故填rewarding。 4．The sociologists state that naked marriage is worth (advocate) strongly among young people because it demonstrates civilization and progress. 【答案】advocating 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：社会学家指出，裸婚值得在年轻人中大力提倡，因为它体现了文明和进步。be worth doing意为“值得做”，是固定搭配。故填advocating。 5．Last month, scientists in Russia claimed (develop) cancer vaccine and now it’s on the testing process. 【答案】to have developed 【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：上个月，俄罗斯科学家声称已经开发出癌症疫苗，目前正在测试过程中。根据谓语“claimed”可知，空处应用非谓语动词；动词短语claim to do sth.表示“声称要去做某事”，claim to have done sth.表示“声称已经做了某事”，根据“now it’s on the testing process”可知，疫苗正在测试阶段，可见疫苗已经开发出来了，故应用claim to have developed。故填to have developed。 6．I can’t tolerate (work) with Kate in the same office，for she always behaves badly to others. 【答案】working 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我无法忍受和凯特在同一个办公室工作，因为她总是对别人不好。can’t tolerate doing sth.不能容忍做某事。根据句意，故填working。 7．There are (vary) approaches to the center，where experts will try to make twins (distinguish). 【答案】 various distinguished 【详解】考查形容词。句意：该中心有各种各样的方法，专家们将努力区分双胞胎。此处修饰名词应用形容词various表示“各种各样的”作定语。make...distinguished意为“区分……”，此处用过去分词distinguished作宾语补足语。动词distinguish意为“区分”。故填①various；②distinguished。 8． The actor said that he would owe his success his dear teachers. 【答案】to 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：这位演员说他的成功要归功于他亲爱的老师们。固定短语“owe...to...”意为“把……归功于……”，故填to。 9．It is (belief) that this poem was written by Li Bai in his teenage years. 【答案】believed 【详解】考查过去分词。句意：有人认为这首诗是李白十几岁时写的。分析句子可知，这里考查it is believed that表“有人认为j”，为固定句型。故填believed。 10．As they gasped and felt the freedom of open air, a glorious ray of sunshine brightened their faces, as if (praise) the heroic act of these selfless and courageous soldiers. 【答案】praising 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当他们喘着粗气，感受着户外的自由时，一缕灿烂的阳光照亮了他们的脸，仿佛在赞扬这些无私勇敢的士兵的英勇行为。此处prais与上文句子构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填praising。 11．Her ambition is (become) part of the national team for the next Olympic Games. 【答案】to become 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她的志向是成为下届奥运会国家队的一员。本空位于is后，作表语，表示一个明确的目标，用become“成为”的不定式。故填to become。 12．There is a tendency for most of us to postpone (complete) the tasks allocated (分配). 【答案】completing 【详解】考查动名词。句意：我们大多数人倾向于推迟完成分配给我们的任务。。根据空前的postpone可知，此处意为“延迟做某事”，表达为postpone doing sth.，故此处应用动名词作宾语，故填completing。 13．Doctors say we should have our eyes (test) every year. 【答案】tested 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：医生说我们应该每年检查一次眼睛。根据句意及空前“have our eyes”可知，句子使用固定结构“have + sth. + 过去分词”，表示“让某物被……”，故空处应用过去分词形式。故填tested。 14． (compare) with team sports, individual sports like swimming require more self-discipline. 【答案】Compared 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：与团队运动相比，像游泳这样的个人运动需要更多的自律。此处作状语，compare与其逻辑主语individual sports与之间为被动关系，故应用过去分词作状语，句首单词首字母大写。故填Compared。 15． (bury) in his study, he always forgets all about sleeping or eating. 【答案】Buried 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他埋头在书房里，总是忘记睡觉和吃饭。句中谓语是forgets，空格处用非谓语动词，be buried in是固定短语，意为“专心于”，因此空格处用buried，作状语，位于句首的单词首字母大写。故填Buried。 提升专练 一、阅读理解 In late 2021, The Road of Tang Poetry, a book co-authored by Nobel Prize-winning French novelist Le Clézio and Professor Dong Qiang, was published by People’s Literature Publishing House in China. This book also represents a practice of cross-cultural dialogue. Le Clézio regards the Tang Dynasty as the golden age of Chinese poetry. Due to their efforts, Le Clézio and Dong simplified complex issues and broke time and space limitations to examine five outstanding poets from the Tang era. Nature, women, and wine are themes of common concern to Chinese and foreign poets alike. Influenced by European poetic traditions, Le Clézio was amazed the first time he read Li Bai’s Sitting Alone in Face of Peak Jingting. The peace and harmony when the man is alone with nature, as conveyed in the poem, deeply impressed Le Clézio, who loves nature deeply. The poem even inspired him to look for his own “Mountain Jingting”, where he could sit facing its peak like Li Bai and lose himself in nature. In addition to Li Bai, other Tang poets, such as Du Fu, Bai Juyi, and Zhang Ruoxu, also highly praised nature through poetry. Like them, foreign poets like British and German Romantic poets sang nature’s praises. When trying to understand Chinese poetry, Westerners must have “windows” through which to read. For example, due to insufficient knowledge of Chinese language and culture, French poet Judith Gautier relied heavily on her Chinese teacher Ding Dunling to explain the Chinese texts when she was translating classical Chinese poetry. The path of spreading Tang poetry through joint efforts made by Chinese and French scholars should be an energetic, inclusive stream of poetry that welcomes mutual learning, as a saying suggests, “Poetry is a stream that continually flows.” 1．What can we learn about The Road of Tang Poetry? A．It was published in France. B．It was written by Le Clézio. C．It won a worldwide prize in 2021. D．It studied five poets in the Tang Dynasty. 2．Which aspect of Li Bai’s poem impressed Le Clézio most? A．The outstanding skill of the poet. B．The beautiful description of nature. C．The man’s peace while staying in nature. D．The action of the man sitting facing the peak. 3．What does the underlined word “windows” in paragraph 4 refer to? A．Application of some modern tools. B．Translation of Chinese original texts. C．Knowledge about German Romantic poets. D．A good command of Chinese language and culture. 4．What is the text? A．A news report. B．A book review. C．A research paper. D．A short story. 【导语】本文是一篇书评。文章主要介绍了《唐诗之路》这本书的出版情况以及作者勒·克莱姆齐奥和董强对唐朝诗歌的看法，同时强调了跨文化对话的重要性。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Le Clézio regards the Tang Dynasty as the golden age of Chinese poetry. Due to their efforts, Le Clézio and Dong simplified complex issues and broke time and space limitations to examine five outstanding poets from the Tang era.(勒·克莱姆齐奥认为唐代是中国诗歌的黄金时代。由于他们的努力，勒·克莱姆齐奥和董强简化了复杂的问题，打破了时间和空间的限制，观察了五位唐代杰出的诗人。)” 可知，这本书研究了五位唐代杰出的诗人。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“The peace and harmony when the man is alone with nature, as conveyed in the poem, deeply impressed Le Clézio, who loves nature deeply. (诗中所表达的人与自然独处时的平和与和谐，深深打动了热爱自然的勒·克莱姆齐奥。)”可知，李白诗中所表达的人与自然独处时的平和与和谐，深深打动了勒·克莱姆齐奥。故选C。 3．词句猜测题。根据划线单词下一句“For example, due to insufficient knowledge of Chinese language and culture, French poet Judith Gautier relied heavily on her Chinese teacher Ding Dunling to explain the Chinese texts when she was translating classical Chinese poetry.(例如，由于对中国语言和文化的了解不足，法国诗人朱迪思·戈蒂埃在翻译中国古典诗歌时，严重依赖她的中文老师丁敦玲来解释中文文本。)”可知，划线单词“window”指的正是对中国语言和文化的了解。故选D。 4．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“In late 2021, The Road of Tang Poetry, a book co-authored by Nobel Prize-winning French novelist Le Clézio and Professor Dong Qiang, was published by People’s Literature Publishing House in China. This book also represents a practice of cross-cultural dialogue.(2021年底，诺贝尔文学奖得主法国小说家勒·克莱姆齐奥与董强教授合著的《唐诗之路》由中国人民文学出版社出版。这本书也代表了一种跨文化对话的实践。)”、第二段“Le Clézio regards the Tang Dynasty as the golden age of Chinese poetry. Due to their efforts, Le Clézio and Dong simplified complex issues and broke time and space limitations to examine five outstanding poets from the Tang era.(勒·克莱姆齐奥认为唐代是中国诗歌的黄金时代。由于他们的努力，勒·克莱姆齐奥和董强简化了复杂的问题，打破了时间和空间的限制，观察了五位唐代杰出的诗人。)”以及全文内容可知，本文是一篇书评。故选B。 二、阅读理解七选五 How to Read a Poem You’ve selected the poem you want to read — congratulations! Now it’s time for the business of reading it. Examine the title and the shape 1 — how does it make you feel? How does the title fit the shape of the poem? If the title is sad, let the shape of the poem inform the small difference of the emotion — if it’s short and sparse (稀疏的), maybe it’s coming from a place of desolation or desperation. 2 . Read the poem as you normally read anything Reading poetry doesn’t require a clever approach; you can read as you’d read anything else. On the first pass through, absorb whatever it is that arises upon first impression. 3 , maybe your stomach churns (恶心) at a particular phrase, or you hold your breath at a certain line. Explore the feelings that come up as you read. 4 Next, try reading the poem out loud or search for readings of the poem online. This is where the music of a poem emerges, and you can feel the shape of each word and line as you move through it. Add context to paint a full picture Finally, return to the poem context. 5 ; look at the publication date and consider the world around the poem when it was first released. Consider where the poem lives: Was it released as part of the author’s poetry book, or was it published in a literary magazine? From these details and materials you will get a deeper understanding of the poem. A．Re-read for sound B．Re-read for meaning C．Dig into the author’s history D．Notice where in the poem you react E．Look for where the poem offers a moment of surprise F．Before you start a poem, you should first read the title G．Long messy forms might mean it’s coming from a place of confusion or anger 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了阅读诗歌的一些具体方法。 1．段落标题“Examine the title and the shape (检查标题和形式)”建议读诗前看标题和形式，后文“how does it make you feel? How does the title fit the shape of the poem? (这让你感觉如何？标题如何符合诗歌的形式？)”描述看标题后的思考，F项“Before you start a poem, you should first read the title (在你开始写一首诗之前，你应该先读一下标题)”符合语境，提出去读标题，符合段落标题内容，引出后文的思考，其中的title和段落标题中的title、后文中的title是原词复现。故选F。 2．前文“If the title is sad, let the shape of the poem inform the small difference of the emotion — if it’s short and sparse (稀疏的), maybe it’s coming from a place of desolation or desperation. (如果读标题失败了，让诗歌的形式告诉情感的微小差异——如果它简短而稀疏，也许它源于一个孤寂或绝望的处境。)”举例说明简短而稀疏的诗歌形式所提供的信息，G项“Long messy forms might mean it’s coming from a place of confusion or anger (冗长凌乱的形式可能意味着它源于一个困惑或愤怒的处境)”符合语境，说明冗长凌乱的诗歌形式所提供的信息，和前文是并列关系。故选G。 3．前文“On the first pass through, absorb whatever it is that arises upon first impression. (在第一次阅读时，吸收第一印象所产生的任何东西。)”建议初读时吸收任何感受，后文“maybe your stomach churns (恶心) at a particular phrase, or you hold your breath at a certain line (也许你读到某句话会感到恶心，或者读到某句话你会屏住呼吸)”描述阅读时的具体情绪感受，D项“Notice where in the poem you react (注意你在诗中哪里有触动)”符合语境，提醒注意有触动的地方，承接前文的吸收，统领后文的具体感受，其中的react与后文的your stomach churns和you hold your breath呼应。故选D。 4．空处是段落标题，是段落主旨句，需统领段落内容，且需和其他段落标题一样使用祈使句的形式。后文“Next, try reading the poem out loud or search for readings of the poem online. This is where the music of a poem emerges, and you can feel the shape of each word and line as you move through it. (接下来，试着大声朗读这首诗，或者在网上搜索这首诗的阅读材料。这就是一首诗的音乐出现的地方，当你穿行其中时，你可以感受到每个单词和诗行的形状。)”建议朗读诗歌，感受诗歌的音乐之美，A项“Re-read for sound (为了音韵重新阅读)”符合语境，契合后文内容，其中的sound和后文的reading the poem out loud以及music呼应。故选A。 5．后文“look at the publication date and consider the world around the poem when it was first released (看看出版日期，想想这首诗第一次出版时周围的世界)”举例说明了解诗歌的各种相关背景信息，C项“Dig into the author’s history (深入研究作者的生平)”符合语境，建议了解诗歌作者，与后文是并列关系。故选C。 三.完形填空 Two hundred years ago the English poet William Wordsworth wrote I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud, a poem that was inspired when he came across a field of daffodils (水仙花). It 1 a basic spirit of early English Romanticism (浪漫主义). What makes this poem a(n) 2 of Romantic thinking? It isn’t that Wordsworth 3 to write about a natural scene: it is the way he describes the scene as if it had human 4 . For him, nature is not only a neutral (无感情色彩的) 5 of scenery, colors, plants, rocks, soil, water and air. It is a 6 force that feels joy and sadness and even tries to educate us human beings and show us the beauty of life. Wordsworth’s home is now one of the most popular 7 in the Lake District. You can go on a tour of the garden where wild flowers still 8 now regardless of the change of the time. The place, where Wordsworth saw the daffodils, is at the southernmost end of the lake. When you are walking in the 9 of William from two centuries ago, the first group of daffodils appear, but they aren’t tall yellow trumpets (小号状的花) 10 swinging in the gentle wind as described in Wordsworth’s 11 . They are just tiny wild daffodils grouped around individual trees rather than 12 together. But as you look north, from beside a huge ancient oak tree, you realize this is what 13 Wordsworth: group after group of daffodils, spread out to left and right but coming together in your sight so that they 14 a beautiful, pale yellow carpet. What you’re seeing at last is nature transformed by human sight and 15 . 1．A．expresses B．raises C．breaks D．compares 2．A．cause B．series C．example D．proposal 3．A．volunteers B．chooses C．refuses D．hesitates 4．A．identities B．emotions C．appearances D．characters 5．A．balance B．shape C．pattern D．mixture 6．A．violent B．economic C．physical D．living 7．A．masterpieces B．destinations C．activities D．performances 8．A．shakes B．escapes C．survives D．responds 9．A．footprint B．direction C．possession D．charge 10．A．proudly B．casually C．sharply D．regularly 11．A．sight B．mind C．memory D．poem 12．A．floating B．waiting C．collecting D．trembling 13．A．confused B．delighted C．persuaded D．confirmed 14．A．form B．decorate C．destroy D．change 15．A．capability B．flexibility C．expectation D．imagination 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了英国著名诗人威廉·华兹华斯的诗歌风格以及他的故居鸽子农舍的景色。 1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它表达了早期英国浪漫主义的基本精神。A. expresses表达；B. raises筹集；C. breaks打破；D. compares比较。根据后文“a basic spirit of early English Romanticism”此处指这首诗歌中表达的是精神是早起英国浪漫主义。故选A。 2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：是什么使这首诗成为浪漫主义思想的范例？A. cause原因；B. series系列；C. example例子；D. proposal提议。上文提到《我像一朵云一样孤独地漫游》这首诗表达了早期英国浪漫主义的基本精神，说明这首诗是一个浪漫主义思想的范例。故选C。 3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这并不是华兹华斯选择写一个自然的场景，而是他描述场景的方式，仿佛它有人类的情感。A. volunteers志愿；B. chooses选择；C. refuses拒绝；D. hesitates犹豫。根据后文“to write about a natural scene: it is the way he describes the scene”可知，这首诗之所以可以成为浪漫主义思想的范例，不在于华兹华斯选择写一个自然的场景，而是他描述场景的方式，故选B。 4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这并不是华兹华斯选择写一个自然的场景，而是他描述场景的方式，仿佛它有人类的情感。A. identities身份；B. emotions情感；C. appearances外观；D. characters特性。根据后文“feels joy and sadness and even tries to educate us human beings”可知，华兹华斯的诗歌中自然有人类的情感。故选B。 5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：对他来说，自然不仅仅是风景、色彩、植物、岩石、土壤、水和空气的中性混合物。A. balance平衡；B. shape形状；C. pattern模式；D. mixture混合。根据后文“of scenery, colors, plants, rocks, soil, water and air”指自然不仅仅是风景、色彩、植物、岩石、土壤、水和空气的中性混合物。故选D。 6．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它是一种生命的力量，它能感受快乐和悲伤，甚至试图教育我们人类，向我们展示生活的美好。A. violent暴力的；B. economic经济的；C. physical身体的；D. living活着的。根据后文“feels joy and sadness”能感受到快乐和悲伤是生命的力量，living force表示“生命力”。故选D。 7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：华兹华斯的故居现在是湖区最受欢迎的景点之一。A. masterpieces杰作；B. destinations目的地；C. activities活动；D. performances表现。根据上文“Wordsworth’s home is now one of the most popular”可知，华兹华斯是著名诗人，所以华兹华斯的故居现在是湖区最受欢迎的景点之一。故选B。 8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：你可以去参观花园，在那里，尽管时代变迁，野花仍然存活着。A. shakes摇晃；B. escapes逃走；C. survives幸存；D. responds回复。根据上文“You can go on a tour of the garden where wild flowers still”以及后文提到了去看水仙花，可知尽管时代变迁，野花仍然存活着。故选C。 9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当你走在两个世纪前威廉的足迹上时，第一批水仙花出现了，但它们并不是华兹华斯诗中描述的在微风中骄傲地摆动的高大的黄色喇叭。A. footprint脚印；B. direction方向；C. possession财产；D. charge收费。根据上文“When you are walking in the”与行走对应的是足迹，故选A。 10．考查副词词义辨析。句意：当你走在两个世纪前威廉的足迹上时，第一批水仙花出现了，但它们并不是华兹华斯诗中描述的在微风中骄傲地摆动的高大的黄色喇叭。A. proudly骄傲地；B. casually随意地；C. sharply尖锐地；D. regularly定期地。根据后文“They are just tiny wild daffodils”描述了水仙花真正的样子，可推知华兹华斯的诗歌中水仙花在微风中骄傲地摆动的高大的黄色喇叭。故选A。 11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当你走在两个世纪前威廉的足迹上时，第一批水仙花出现了，但它们并不是华兹华斯诗中描述的在微风中骄傲地摆动的高大的黄色喇叭。A. sight看见；B. mind思维；C. memory记忆；D. poem诗歌。结合第一段“Two hundred years ago the English poet William Wordsworth wrote I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud, a poem that was inspired when he came across a field of daffodils.(两百年前，英国诗人威廉·华兹华斯写了《我像一朵云一样孤独地漫游》，这首诗的灵感来自于他偶然看到的一片水仙花)”可知，此处指他是个中描述的水仙花。故选D。 12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它们只是小小的野生水仙花，簇生在一棵棵树周围，而不是聚集在一起。A. floating漂浮；B. waiting等待；C. collecting收集，聚集；D. trembling颤抖。根据上文“grouped around individual trees”可知，水仙花是一簇簇生长，而不是聚在一起的。故选C。 13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但当你从一棵巨大的古橡树旁向北望去时，你会意识到这正是华兹华斯所喜欢的：一群又一群的水仙花向左右两边散开，但又在你的视线中汇聚在一起，形成一块美丽的淡黄色地毯。A. confused使困惑；B. delighted使高兴；C. persuaded说服；D. confirmed确认。根据后文“group after group of daffodils, spread out to left and right but coming together in your sight”的描述可知，华兹华斯当时看到一簇簇水仙花，从左到右展开，但在你的视线中汇聚在一起，这一场景让他高兴，所以写下了著名的诗歌。故选B。 14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但当你从一棵巨大的古橡树旁向北望去时，你会意识到这正是华兹华斯所喜欢的：一群又一群的水仙花向左右两边散开，但又在你的视线中汇聚在一起，形成一块美丽的淡黄色地毯。A. form形成；B. decorate装饰；C. destroy破坏；D. change改变。根据后文“a beautiful, pale yellow carpet”指水仙花形成一块美丽的淡黄色地毯。故选A。 15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：你最终看到的是经过人类视觉和想象力改造的自然。A. capability能力；B. flexibility灵活性；C. expectation期待；D. imagination想象力。根据上文“force that feels joy and sadness and even tries to educate us human beings and show us the beauty of life”可知，华兹华斯的诗歌不仅仅描述了眼睛所见，他还把自然形容成有情感的生物，即充满了想象力。故选D。 四、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Tang Dynasty opened a new age of prosperity and innovation(创新) in arts and technology. During this period, China was the 1 (large) and most influential country in the world. The Tang Dynasty is also considered by modern Chinese scholars as the golden age of Chinese poetry, when poetry 2 (reach) its peak. In this age, poetry had developed well as the most important literary form, the writing of 3 became the feature of everyday life in China. Even Tang rulers were often poets themselves. Tang poets are perhaps the best 4 (know) and most admired of all Chinese literary figures. Furthermore, composing poems was introduced as one of the requirements in the Imperial Examination(科举考试), which was held 5 (select) talents for the government. During this long period of nearly 300 years, more than 50,000 poems 6 (create) by more than 2,200 poets from all walks of life. A book worth mention is 300 Tang poems by a Qing scholar Sun Zhu, a 7 (collect) of Tang poems which are very popular among people. Sun’s book became the best seller soon after its publication. The compiler(编者) said,“ 8 (learn) Tang poems three hundred by heart, you can chant though you know not the art.” Tang poems are characterized by 9 variety of forms, the beauty of imaginations and the broadness of themes. In general, Tang poetry has strict patterns, written in sentences of fixed length, usually with each line having five 10 seven characters long. 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了唐朝诗歌的发展。 1．考查形容词。句意：在这一时期，中国是世界上最大和最有影响力的国家。由句意及空前的the以及空后的and most influential country in the world可知此处应填形容词最高级largest，与most influential并列作定语，修饰country。故填largest。 2．考查动词时态。句意：唐代也被现代中国学者认为是中国诗歌的黄金时代，诗歌达到了顶峰。空处为谓语动词，动词发生在过去，应用一般过去时。故填reached。 3．考查非限制性定语从句。句意：在这个时代，诗歌作为最重要的文学形式发展得很好，它的写作成为中国日常生活的特征。此处为名词/不定代词/数词+ of+关系代词which/whom引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词为literary form，应用关系代词which。故填which。 4．考查形容词。句意：唐代诗人也许是所有中国文学人物中最著名和最受尊敬的。由句意及空后的and most admired可知应填过去分词形式的形容词known“有名的”，作表语。故填known。 5．考查不定式。句意：此外，写诗被列为科举考试的一项要求，这是为政府选拔人才而举行的考试。空处应填非谓语动词的形式，由句意知应用不定式作目的状语。故填to select。 6．考查动词时态和语态。句意：在这近300年的漫长岁月里，2200多位各行各业的诗人创作了5万多首诗歌。空处为谓语动词，动作发生在过去且主语poems与create之间为被动关系，应用一般过时的被动语态。故填were created. 7．考查名词。句意：值得一提的是清代学者孙洙的《唐诗三百首》，这是一本脍炙人口的唐诗集。由句意及空前的a以及空后的of Tang poems可知此处应填名词形式collection，a collection of意为“……作品集”。故填collection。 8．考查现在分词。句意：编者说：“熟读唐诗三百首，不会作诗也会吟。”空处为非谓语动词，主语you与learn之间为主动关系，应用现在分词表示主动；由句意知此处也可用现在分词的完成时表示在主句动作之前已经发生的动作，作时间状语。故填Learning/Having learned。 9．考查定冠词。句意：唐诗的特点是形式多样，想象之美，主题之广。由句意及空后的the beauty of imaginations and the broadness of themes.可此处表示特指，应用定冠词the。故填the。 10．考查连词。句意：总的来说，唐诗有严格的模式，用固定长度的句子写成，通常每行有五到七个字长。由句意及常识可知此处唐诗每行的长度为五个字或七个字，即“五言七律”，空前后表示选择关系，应用表示选择的并列连词or。故填or。 ( 7 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题04 Unit 4 Exploring poetry (选择必修一) 考点聚焦：核心考点+小考考点，有的放矢 重点速记：知识点和关键点梳理，查漏补缺 难点强化：难点内容标注与讲解，能力提升 学以致用：真题感知+提升专练，全面突破 重点单词 1. imply 　　　 vt. 含有……的意思, 暗示, 暗指 2. dimension n. 方面, 侧面; 规模, 程度; 维 3. grasp n. 理解, 领会; 抓紧, 握紧, 控制; 能力所及vt. 抓紧; 领会, 理解 4. rhyme n. 押韵词, 押韵vt. 使押韵vi. 和……同韵 5. complex adj. 复杂的, 难懂的n. 建筑群; 复合体; 情结 6. clue n. 线索, 提示; 迹象 7. cage vt. 把(动物)关在笼中n. 笼子 8. aside adv. 到旁边, 在旁边; 留, 存; 除……以外 9. remote adj. 偏远的, 偏僻的; 遥远的, 久远的; 远亲的 10. reward  vt. 奖励, 奖赏n. 奖励, 回报; 悬赏金 11. inner adj. 内心的, 隐藏的; 里面的, 内部的 12. perceive  vt. 注意到, 意识到, 将……理解为, 将……视为 13. ideal  n. 理想; 典范adj. 完美的, 理想的 14. rigid adj. 死板的, 僵硬的; 固执的, 僵化的 15. undergo vt. (underwent, undergone)经历, 经受 16. advocate vt. 拥护, 支持, 提倡n. 拥护者, 支持者; 辩护律师 17. district n. 区, 行政区; 地区, 区域 18. bend  vi. & vt. (bent, bent)(使)拐弯, 弯曲n. 拐弯, 弯道 19. claim n. 声明, 宣称; 所有权; 索赔vt. 宣称, 声称, 要求; 索取; 获得 20. hence  adv. 因此, 由此 21. dare  vi. & vt. 敢于, 胆敢; 激(某人做某事) 22. numerous adj. 众多的, 许多的 23. encounter vt. 偶然碰到, 意外地遇见; 遭遇, 碰到n. 相遇, 遭遇, 冲突 24. nourish  vt. 培养, 助长; 抚养, 滋养 25. boom n. (贸易和经济活动的)激增, 繁荣vi. 迅速发展, 激增, 繁荣昌盛 26. vitality n. 生命力, 活力, 热情 27. distinguish  vt. & vi. 成为……的特征, 使有别于; 区分, 辨别; 认出; 使出众 28. cast  vt. (cast, cast)投射; 向……投以(视线、笑容等); 投, 抛; 选派角色n. 全体演员; 投, 抛 29. owe  vt. 欠(情); 欠(债) 30. debt  n. 人情债, 情义, 恩情; 借款, 欠款, 债务 31. entitle vt. (usually passive)给……命名; 使享有权利, 使符合资格 32. blame vt. 把……归咎于, 责怪, 指责n. 责任, 责备, 指责 33. allowance n. 津贴, 补助; 限额; 零花钱 34. freeze v. 冰冻; (使)冻结, 结冰; (使)冻住, 冻堵; 严寒→ frozen adj. 结冰的, 冰封的; 冷冻的; 冻僵的→ freezing adj. 极冷的; 冰冻的; 冰点以下的  35. detect vt. 发现, 查明, 侦察出→ detector n. 探测器; 检测器  36. contradict v. 反驳; 驳斥; 批驳; 相矛盾; 相抵触; 相反→ contradictory adj. 互相矛盾的, 对立的  37. interpret vt. 解释, 阐释; 把……理解为, 领会; 演绎 vi. 口译→ interpreter n. 口译工作者; 口译译员  38. patient adj. 耐心的 n. 患者→ patience n. 耐心, 忍耐力 39. constant adj. 不断的; 连续发生的→ constantly adv. 始终, 一直  40. logic n. 逻辑; 逻辑学; 思维方式→ logical adj. 符合逻辑的; 必然的, 合乎情理的→ logically adv. 逻辑上; 合乎逻辑地 41. real adj. 真正的; 真实的; 真的; 实际存在的→reality n. 现实, 实际情况; 事实, 实际经历 42. mist n. 薄雾, 水汽→ misty adj. 模糊的; 多雾的; 不明晰的 43. novel n. 小说→ novelist n. 小说家  44. industry n. 工业→ industrial adj. 工业的→ industrialize v. (使)工业化→industrialization n. 工业化 45. belief n. 看法, 信念; 信仰; 相信, 信心→ believe v. 相信  46. strike vt. &vi. 突然想到; 撞, 碰; 打; 突击; 罢工; 划(火柴)n. 罢工; 袭击; 击; 打→ striking adj. 引人注目的, 显著的; 妩媚动人的, 标致的 ( 核心考点 ) 考点1 frozen adj.结冰的，冰封的；冷冻的；冻僵的→________ adj.冰点以下的；结冰的；极冷的n.冰点→________ v．(使)结冰，凝固；冷藏；冰冻；(因恐惧等而)呆住 (1)freezing point冰点 freezing cold 非常冷 above/below freezing 在冰点以上/下 (2)freeze (...) ______ death (使……)冻死 【考点再现】单句语法填空 The air temperature was well below (freeze), and lakes and rivers froze over. 【思路点拨】考查名词。句意：气温远低于冰点，湖泊和河流都结冰了。空处用于介词below之后，应用名词freezing，作宾语，符合题意。故填freezing。 【答案】freezing 考点2 grasp vt.& n．理解，领会；抓紧，握紧，控制；能力所及 (1)grasp that/wh从句 理解…… grasp sb._____ the hand/arm抓住某人的手/手臂 grasp __________ 尽力抓住 grasp a chance/an opportunity抓住机会 (2)have a grasp of sth. beyond one's grasp超出某人的理解能力 [名师点津]　grasp同catch一样，由“抓住”可引申为“理解，明白”。 【考点再现】单句语法填空 A businessman will grasp any chance to make a profit. 【思路点拨】考查介词。句意：商人会尽力抓住任何赚钱的机会。grasp at为固定短语，意为“尽力抓住”，符合句意。故填at。 【答案】at 考点3 reward vt.奖励，奖赏，报答，酬谢 n．奖励，回报；酬谢；悬赏金；奖赏→________adj.值得做的；有益的) •reward sb ____ sth 用……奖赏某人 •as a reward _______...作为对……的报酬 in reward for为报答……；作为……的奖赏 [易混辨析]　reward/award reward 名词 指赏金、酬金或一些非金钱的报酬，多指对某人的工作或服务等的报答 动词 表示“报答，酬谢” award 名词 指奖品、奖金，其义与prize近似。指一种官方的奖励行为，往往指对在工作中取得成就或完成所提出要求的人而进行的一种奖励，强调荣誉而不在乎奖品的大小或奖金的多少，还可指某种奖项 【考点再现】单句语法填空 reward for her contributions to the arts, the university named a new building after the artist. 【思路点拨】考查介词。句意：为了奖励她对艺术的贡献，这所大学以这位艺术家的名字命名了一座新楼。短语in reward for表示“为了奖励”，首字母大写。故填In。 【答案】In 考点4 advocate vt.拥护，支持，提倡 n．提倡者，拥护者，支持者；辩护律师 (1)advocate + that从句　　 主张…… advocate sth. 　　 提倡做某事 advocate sb. sth. It is advocated that...主张/提倡……[从句谓语动词用“ ”] (2)an advocate of sth. 【考点再现】单句语法填空 Some people advocated (limit) the number of cars on the main roads in this city. 【思路点拨】考查非谓语动词。句意：一些人倡议限制该城市里主干道上汽车的数量。advocate“提倡，倡议”，后接动词-ing形式作宾语。故填limiting。 【答案】limiting。 考点5 claim vt.声称，宣称；索要，索取；致命；认领；获得 n．声称，宣称；所有权；索赔 claim that/_______...声称…… claim to _______ sth 声称做过某事 claim for/make ________ claim for sth 就……提出要求 ________ is claimed that...据称……，据说…… 【考点再现】单句语法填空 Over 3,000 lives (claim) in the 1906 San Francisco earthquake and the series of fires that occurred after it. 【思路点拨】考查动词和时态。句意：1906年的旧金山地震和随后发生的一系列火灾夺去了3000多人的生命。设空处在句中作谓语，和句子的主语之间是被动关系，根据时间状语“in the 1906 San Francisco earthquake (在1906年的旧金山地震中)”可知，句子的时态为一般过去时，Over 3,000 lives与claim为被动关系，设空处为一般过去时的被动语态，主语为over 3,000 lives，be动词用were。故填were claimed。 【答案】were claimed 考点6 tolerant adj.宽容的，容忍的；能耐……的 →________vt.容忍；允许；忍受→_______n．容忍；忍耐力) •be tolerant _________________对……容忍/宽容 •tolerate (sb/sb’s) doing...容忍(某人)做…… 【考点再现】单句语法填空 There is lowered pain (tolerant), lowered resistance to infection. 【思路点拨】考查名词。句意：对疼痛的忍耐力降低了，对感染的抵抗力也减弱了。本句为there be句型，结合空前的lowered pain可知，空处应用名词，表示降低的疼痛忍耐力，应用tolerance，意为“忍耐力”，为不可数名词，作主语。故填tolerance。 【答案】tolerance 考点7 distinguish v．区分，辨别；分清；成为……的特征；使有别于；使出众→___________adj.卓越的；著名的；杰出的；高贵的；受尊重的) distinguish between A and B　区分A和B distinguish...________...使……有别于……；把……与……区分开来 distinguish oneself (as)(作为……而)出名；使自己出众 •be distinguished _________..因……而出名 be distinguished as...作为……而出名 【考点再现】单句语法填空 He has already distinguished (he) as an athlete in the world. 【思路点拨】考查反身代词。句意：他已经作为世界级的运动员而扬名了。当主语与宾语是同一个人时，需用反身代词作宾语，主语为he，此处反身代词应用himself，作宾语。故填himself。 【答案】himself 考点8 owe vt.欠(情)，欠(债)；归功于；归因于 •owe sb sth ＝owe sth to sb 欠某人某物；把……归功于…… owe it to sb that.../to do...把……归功于某人 owe an apology to sb/owe sb an apology_______ •owing to_______ 【考点再现】单句语法填空 You owe it yourself to get some professional help. 【思路点拨】考查介词。句意：你为了自己着想也该去寻求一些专业的帮助了。owe it to sb to do sth“该为某人做某事”，固定搭配，故填to。 【答案】to 考点9 blame n．责任，责备，指责 vt.责怪，指责，把……归咎于 •take/bear the blame ...对……负责；为……承担责任 put/lay the blame for sth on sb 把某事推到某人身上/归咎于某人 •blame sb for...因……而指责某人；把……归咎于某人 blame sth sb 把某事归咎于某人 be (for sth)(为某事)承担责任；(因某事)该受责备(主动形式表被动意义) 【考点再现】单句语法填空 Who is (blame) for some students failing to keep up with the pace? 【思路点拨】考查固定短语。句意：谁应该为一些学生跟不上节奏而负责呢？be to blame是一个固定短语，表示“应受责备；应负责任”。根据句意，故填to blame。。 【答案】to blame 考点10 belief n. 看法, 信念; 信仰; 相信, 信心→_________vt. &vi. 相信 (1)_____ is one’s belief that. . . 某人相信 beyond belief　　　　　 (因太大﹑太难﹑太可怕等)难以置信 hold the belief that. . . 相信, 认为 (2)believe in 相信 ______is believed that. . . 人们相信 【考点再现】单句语法填空 I have the belief some of you have heard about UNESCO heritage sites or maybe even visited one! 【思路点拨】考查同位语从句。句意：我相信你们中的一些人听说过联合国教科文组织目录中的文化遗址，或者甚至参观过一个。本空引导同位语从句，对名词belief解释说明，从句成份和意义都完整，所以用that引导。故填that。 【答案】that 重点短语 1. dig up 　　　　　 发现, 搜集, 查明  2. set sth. aside  把……放一边; 留出  3. break with sth. 与某事终止关联, 破除  4. make allowance for  体谅; 考虑到, 估计到  ( 核心考点 ) 考点1 dig up发现, 搜集, 查明 dig. . . ____　　挖出…… dig in/into sth. 把……插入…… dig ______ sth. 采掘探寻(黄金等); 挖掘某物 【考点再现】单句语法填空 . Reading poetry is like trying to find and dig a treasure: I can use a poem as a treasure map that will (eventual) guide me to exciting new discoveries. 【思路点拨】考查固定短语和副词。句意：读诗就像试图寻找和挖掘宝藏：我可以把一首诗当作藏宝图，最终引导我找到令人兴奋的新发现。第一空，根据句意和空格前的动词dig分析句子可知，空格处应该填入up，构成固定短语dig up“挖出”；第二空，空格处应该填入eventual的副词形式eventually作状语，修饰谓语动词。故填up；eventually。 【答案】up eventually 考点2 set sth. aside把……放一边；留出 set ______留出，存储 set out出发，开始 set _________ doing sth.开始做某事 set off出发；使爆炸；引发；激起 【考点再现】单句语法填空 A group of boys were setting fireworks in the street. 【思路点拨】考查固定短语。句意：一群男孩在街上放烟花。根据句意及空前的“setting”可知，空处应填off，构成固定短语set off，表示“点燃，引爆”。故填off。 【答案】off 重点句型 1. even if引导状语从句 Even if its true meaning appears to be beyond your grasp, you can always say something about how the poem sounds when you read it aloud.   即使你无法理解诗歌的真正含义, 也总可以说出这首诗在朗读时听起来如何。 2. as long as引导状语从句 As long as the journey of poetry reading makes you feel something or lets you perceive another level of meaning, it will have been worth your effort.   只要读诗之旅能让你有所感悟, 或者让你领悟到另一层含义, 你的努力就是值得的。 3. Given. . . 考虑到…… Given his personal experiences and the historical background, it is only natural to see that the majority of Li Bai’s poems are characterized by the romantic style.   鉴于他的个人经历和历史背景, 李白多数作品皆富浪漫主义色彩就不足为奇了。 4. 完全倒装句 Equally impressive is Li Bai’s free expression of strong feelings, which breathes vitality into the lifeless objects he describes, and which distinguishes him from other landscape poets.   同样让人印象深刻的是李白强烈情感的自由抒发, 这为他笔下的无生命物体注入了生机, 也让他有别于其他山水诗人。 5. as if 引导的状语从句 Second, approach the poem as if you were an explorer in an unfamiliar landscape. 第二，把这首诗当作一个探索陌生风景的探险家。 ( 核心考点 ) 1. as if 引导状语从句 [教材原句]　Second, approach the poem as if you were an explorer in an unfamiliar landscape. 第二，把这首诗当作一个探索陌生风景的探险家。 (1)as if引导方式状语从句。其用法和意义与as though相似，都表示“好像，仿佛”之意；在look、seem、feel、sound等系动词后可引导表语从句。 (2)当as if引导的方式状语从句或表语从句所表示的情况不是事实，而是主观的想象或夸大性的比喻时，从句通常用虚拟语气。as if/though从句用虚拟语气的情况： a．当从句表示与现在事实相反的情况时，谓语动词用一般过去时，be动词用were； b．当从句表示与过去事实相反的情况时，谓语动词用“had＋过去分词”形式； c．当从句表示与将来事实相反的情况时，谓语动词用“could/might/would＋动词原形”。 【考点再现】单句语法填空 She opened her mouth as if (say) something. 【思路点拨】考查省略。句意:她张开嘴好像要说什么。as if引导状语从句中主语与主句主语一致并且包含be动词，则可以省略从句中的主语和be动词。根据语境，她似乎是打算要说些什么，应表示为as if she was to say something，可省略为as if to say something。故填to say。 【答案】to say 重点语法 考点一 非谓语动词作主语和表语 1．作主语 (1) 非谓语动词中能作主语的有动名词和不定式。动名词作主语表示一般的、抽象的或习惯性的动作,不定式作主语表示具体的、一次性的或尚未做的动作 (2) it作形式主语,代替真正作主语的不定式或动名词 2．作表语 非谓语动词中能作表语的有现在分词、过去分词、动名词和不定式。现在分词作表语意为“令人……的”,而过去分词作表语意为“感到……的” 注:get、 become、 look、 seem、 appear等系动词后可接过去分词作表语,表示被动或主语的状态 【考点再现】单句语法填空 The purpose of education is (develop) a fine personality in children.. 【思路点拨】考查不定式。句意：教育的目的是为了培养孩子好的品质。此处作表语，根据主语The purpose可知，此处应用不定式to do作表语，故填to develop。 【答案】to develop。 考点二 非谓语动词作宾语 后接动名词作宾语的动词(短语)有suggest、 imagine、 mind、 admit、 practise、 allow、 risk、 keep、 keep on、 avoid、 escape、 enjoy、 consider、 excuse、 finish、 miss、 insist on、 look forward to、 feel like、 get down to、 object to等 后接不定式作宾语的动词(短语)有wish、 hope、 decide、 refuse、 promise、 pretend、 manage、 plan、 fail、 choose、 would like等 Why did Patrick keep on asking the same question? 为什么帕特里克总是问同样的问题呢? She doesn‘t talk to you and refuses to text or phone you back. 她不跟你说话,也不回你的短信或电话。 既可接动名词又可接不定式的动词(短语)有remember、forget、regret、stop、go on、mean、start、begin、try等,但意义上有区别 forget to do sth 忘记去做某事(未做) forget doing sth忘记做过某事(已做或已发生) stop to do sth 停止(某事)去做另一件事 stop doing sth停止正在做的事 remember to do sth 记住去做某事(未做) remember doing sth 记得做过某事(已做) regret to do sth 对要做的事感到遗憾 regret doing sth 对做过的事表示后悔 try to do sth 努力做某事 try doing sth 尝试做某事 need、 require、 want作“需要”讲以及deserve作“应受,应得”讲时,其后接动名词的主动形式或不定式的被动式 it作形式宾语,代替真正作宾语的不定式或动名词 【考点再现】单句语法填空 The miners were in a desperate situation after (trap) in the collapsed mine for days. 【思路点拨】考查非谓语动词。句意：矿工们在坍塌的矿井中被困了几天，处于绝望的境地。空前是介词，所以空处应填动名词作宾语，trap和逻辑主语miners之间是被动关系，用动名词的被动形式。故填being trapped。 【答案】being trapped。 考点三 非谓语动词作宾语补足语 1.“五看二听一感觉”的感官动词(短语),如see、 watch、 observe、 notice、 look at、 hear、 listen to、 feel,后面的宾语补足语有三种常见的非谓语动词形式(do/doing/done)。do表示主动或完成(被动句应补上不定式符号to),doing表示主动或正在进行,done表示被动或完成 2.使役动词后面的宾语补足语。常见的使役动词有make、 leave、 keep、 have、 get等 (1) 宾语和宾语补足语之间表示主动的结构 make sb do sth 使得某人做某事 get sb to do sth 使得某人开始做某事(强调使/让……开始行动起来) have sb do sth 使得某人做某事 have sb doing sth 使得某人(持续)做某事 (2) 宾语和宾语补足语之间表示被动的结构 make/get/have sth done使/让某事被做 leave sth to be done 留下……要被做 常跟不定式作宾补的动词有advise、 allow、 ask、 beg、 encourage、 expect、 forbid、 force、 get、 intend、 invite、 like、 order、 persuade、 prefer、 require、 teach、 remind、 tell、 want等 with/without复合结构 sb/sth doing(表示主动、进行或特征) with/without sth done(表示被动、完成或状态) with/without sth to do(表示将来) 【考点再现】单句语法填空 I regularly see groups of people in restaurants (pay) more attention to their phones than to each other. 【思路点拨】考查非谓语动词。句意：我经常看到一群人在餐馆里更关注自己的手机，而不是彼此。空处作宾语补足语，pay attention to“关注”和groups of people逻辑上是主动关系，结合句意可知，“我”看到的应该是瞬间动作，而非全过程，因此用pay的现在分词形式，固定搭配see sb. doing sth.表示“看见某人正在做某事”。故填paying。 【答案】paying 考点四 非谓语动词作状语 1.不定式作状语 (1) 通常表示目的,相当于in order to或so as to,以示强调 (2) 表示结果时常用于too...to...、only to...、never to...等结构中 (3) 可用在某些形容词的后面 2.分词作状语 分词作状语可表示时间、条件、原因、伴随、让步、方式和结果等 注:现在分词和only to do sth都可以表示结果。但是现在分词作状语表示顺理成章的结果,即由于前句动作的发生而造成的结果;而only to do sth表示出乎意料的(往往是不太好的)结果 【考点再现】单句语法填空 (cover) with thick snow, the mountains look like a silver world. 【思路点拨】考查非谓语动词。句意：山上覆盖着厚厚的积雪，看起来像一个银色的世界。look为谓语动词，空处作状语，逻辑主语the mountains与cover构成被动关系，用过去分词，放在句首，首字母大写。故填Covered。 【答案】Covered。 考点五 非谓语动词作定语 1.不定式作定语 (1) 不定式作定语表示将来的动作 (2) 有些名词后大多用不定式作定语,如ability、desire、attempt、 chance、 decision、 effort、 failure、 promise、 offer、 way、 time、 wish等 (3) 被修饰的名词前有序数词、形容词最高级或next、last、only、not a、the等限定词时,只能用不定式 2.分词作定语* (1) 现在分词表示主动意义;过去分词表示被动意义 (2) 现在分词表示正在进行;过去分词表示状态或完成 注:动词不定式的被动式强调的是一个即将要发生的被动动作;现在分词的被动式表示一个正在进行的被动动作;过去分词的被动式表示发生在过去的被动动作. 【考点再现】单句语法填空 I have recently challenged myself to take part in Happy Run, a sports event (intend) to  get more people involved in daily physical exercise. 【思路点拨】考查非谓语动词。句意：我最近挑战自己参加Happy Run，这是一项旨在让更多人参与日常体育锻炼的体育赛事。intend作后置定语，修饰a sports event ，二者之间是被动关系，需用过去分词形式intended表示被动和完成状态。故填intended。 【答案】intended 考点六 非谓语动词的时态与语态 类别 时态 语态 主动 被动 不定式 一般式 to do to be done 进行式 to be doing — 完成式 to have done to have been done 现在分词 一般式 doing being done 完成式 having done having been done 过去分词 一般式 done — 非谓语动词与逻辑主语(通常是句子的主语)之间存在主谓或动宾关系。与逻辑主语之间存在主谓关系时,用主动形式;与逻辑主语之间存在动宾关系时,用被动形式 Tip 2 非谓语动词的时态 (1) 非谓语动词所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之后或同时发生,用一般式 (2) 非谓语动词所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前,用完成式 【考点再现】单句语法填空 (leave) alone in the dark forest frightened the little girl terribly. 【思路点拨】考查动名词。句意：被单独留在黑暗的森林里，小女孩感到非常害怕。空格处作主语，用动名词形式，且leave(遗留)和其逻辑主语the little girl之间是被动关系，所以需用动名词的被动式being left作主语；句首单词首字母大写。故填Being left。 【答案】Being left。 1． bananas will last several weeks, depending on their ripeness and the temperature of the . (freeze) 2．He wondered whether his friends (grasp)that he had done his best. 3．According to a professional running athlete, finishing a long run is a very (reward) experience. 4．The sociologists state that naked marriage is worth (advocate) strongly among young people because it demonstrates civilization and progress. 5．Last month, scientists in Russia claimed (develop) cancer vaccine and now it’s on the testing process. 6．I can’t tolerate (work) with Kate in the same office，for she always behaves badly to others. 7．There are (vary) approaches to the center，where experts will try to make twins (distinguish). 8． The actor said that he would owe his success his dear teachers. (用适当的词填空) 9．It is (belief) that this poem was written by Li Bai in his teenage years. 10．As they gasped and felt the freedom of open air, a glorious ray of sunshine brightened their faces, as if (praise) the heroic act of these selfless and courageous soldiers. 11．Her ambition is (become) part of the national team for the next Olympic Games. 12．There is a tendency for most of us to postpone (complete) the tasks allocated (分配). 13．Doctors say we should have our eyes (test) every year. 14． (compare) with team sports, individual sports like swimming require more self-discipline. 15． (bury) in his study, he always forgets all about sleeping or eating. 提升专练 一、阅读理解 In late 2021, The Road of Tang Poetry, a book co-authored by Nobel Prize-winning French novelist Le Clézio and Professor Dong Qiang, was published by People’s Literature Publishing House in China. This book also represents a practice of cross-cultural dialogue. Le Clézio regards the Tang Dynasty as the golden age of Chinese poetry. Due to their efforts, Le Clézio and Dong simplified complex issues and broke time and space limitations to examine five outstanding poets from the Tang era. Nature, women, and wine are themes of common concern to Chinese and foreign poets alike. Influenced by European poetic traditions, Le Clézio was amazed the first time he read Li Bai’s Sitting Alone in Face of Peak Jingting. The peace and harmony when the man is alone with nature, as conveyed in the poem, deeply impressed Le Clézio, who loves nature deeply. The poem even inspired him to look for his own “Mountain Jingting”, where he could sit facing its peak like Li Bai and lose himself in nature. In addition to Li Bai, other Tang poets, such as Du Fu, Bai Juyi, and Zhang Ruoxu, also highly praised nature through poetry. Like them, foreign poets like British and German Romantic poets sang nature’s praises. When trying to understand Chinese poetry, Westerners must have “windows” through which to read. For example, due to insufficient knowledge of Chinese language and culture, French poet Judith Gautier relied heavily on her Chinese teacher Ding Dunling to explain the Chinese texts when she was translating classical Chinese poetry. The path of spreading Tang poetry through joint efforts made by Chinese and French scholars should be an energetic, inclusive stream of poetry that welcomes mutual learning, as a saying suggests, “Poetry is a stream that continually flows.” 1．What can we learn about The Road of Tang Poetry? A．It was published in France. B．It was written by Le Clézio. C．It won a worldwide prize in 2021. D．It studied five poets in the Tang Dynasty. 2．Which aspect of Li Bai’s poem impressed Le Clézio most? A．The outstanding skill of the poet. B．The beautiful description of nature. C．The man’s peace while staying in nature. D．The action of the man sitting facing the peak. 3．What does the underlined word “windows” in paragraph 4 refer to? A．Application of some modern tools. B．Translation of Chinese original texts. C．Knowledge about German Romantic poets. D．A good command of Chinese language and culture. 4．What is the text? A．A news report. B．A book review. C．A research paper. D．A short story. 二、阅读理解七选五 How to Read a Poem You’ve selected the poem you want to read — congratulations! Now it’s time for the business of reading it. Examine the title and the shape 1 — how does it make you feel? How does the title fit the shape of the poem? If the title is sad, let the shape of the poem inform the small difference of the emotion — if it’s short and sparse (稀疏的), maybe it’s coming from a place of desolation or desperation. 2 . Read the poem as you normally read anything Reading poetry doesn’t require a clever approach; you can read as you’d read anything else. On the first pass through, absorb whatever it is that arises upon first impression. 3 , maybe your stomach churns (恶心) at a particular phrase, or you hold your breath at a certain line. Explore the feelings that come up as you read. 4 Next, try reading the poem out loud or search for readings of the poem online. This is where the music of a poem emerges, and you can feel the shape of each word and line as you move through it. Add context to paint a full picture Finally, return to the poem context. 5 ; look at the publication date and consider the world around the poem when it was first released. Consider where the poem lives: Was it released as part of the author’s poetry book, or was it published in a literary magazine? From these details and materials you will get a deeper understanding of the poem. A．Re-read for sound B．Re-read for meaning C．Dig into the author’s history D．Notice where in the poem you react E．Look for where the poem offers a moment of surprise F．Before you start a poem, you should first read the title G．Long messy forms might mean it’s coming from a place of confusion or anger 三.完形填空 Two hundred years ago the English poet William Wordsworth wrote I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud, a poem that was inspired when he came across a field of daffodils (水仙花). It 1 a basic spirit of early English Romanticism (浪漫主义). What makes this poem a(n) 2 of Romantic thinking? It isn’t that Wordsworth 3 to write about a natural scene: it is the way he describes the scene as if it had human 4 . For him, nature is not only a neutral (无感情色彩的) 5 of scenery, colors, plants, rocks, soil, water and air. It is a 6 force that feels joy and sadness and even tries to educate us human beings and show us the beauty of life. Wordsworth’s home is now one of the most popular 7 in the Lake District. You can go on a tour of the garden where wild flowers still 8 now regardless of the change of the time. The place, where Wordsworth saw the daffodils, is at the southernmost end of the lake. When you are walking in the 9 of William from two centuries ago, the first group of daffodils appear, but they aren’t tall yellow trumpets (小号状的花) 10 swinging in the gentle wind as described in Wordsworth’s 11 . They are just tiny wild daffodils grouped around individual trees rather than 12 together. But as you look north, from beside a huge ancient oak tree, you realize this is what 13 Wordsworth: group after group of daffodils, spread out to left and right but coming together in your sight so that they 14 a beautiful, pale yellow carpet. What you’re seeing at last is nature transformed by human sight and 15 . 1．A．expresses B．raises C．breaks D．compares 2．A．cause B．series C．example D．proposal 3．A．volunteers B．chooses C．refuses D．hesitates 4．A．identities B．emotions C．appearances D．characters 5．A．balance B．shape C．pattern D．mixture 6．A．violent B．economic C．physical D．living 7．A．masterpieces B．destinations C．activities D．performances 8．A．shakes B．escapes C．survives D．responds 9．A．footprint B．direction C．possession D．charge 10．A．proudly B．casually C．sharply D．regularly 11．A．sight B．mind C．memory D．poem 12．A．floating B．waiting C．collecting D．trembling 13．A．confused B．delighted C．persuaded D．confirmed 14．A．form B．decorate C．destroy D．change 15．A．capability B．flexibility C．expectation D．imagination 四、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Tang Dynasty opened a new age of prosperity and innovation(创新) in arts and technology. During this period, China was the 1 (large) and most influential country in the world. The Tang Dynasty is also considered by modern Chinese scholars as the golden age of Chinese poetry, when poetry 2 (reach) its peak. In this age, poetry had developed well as the most important literary form, the writing of 3 became the feature of everyday life in China. Even Tang rulers were often poets themselves. Tang poets are perhaps the best 4 (know) and most admired of all Chinese literary figures. Furthermore, composing poems was introduced as one of the requirements in the Imperial Examination(科举考试), which was held 5 (select) talents for the government. During this long period of nearly 300 years, more than 50,000 poems 6 (create) by more than 2,200 poets from all walks of life. A book worth mention is 300 Tang poems by a Qing scholar Sun Zhu, a 7 (collect) of Tang poems which are very popular among people. Sun’s book became the best seller soon after its publication. The compiler(编者) said,“ 8 (learn) Tang poems three hundred by heart, you can chant though you know not the art.” Tang poems are characterized by 9 variety of forms, the beauty of imaginations and the broadness of themes. In general, Tang poetry has strict patterns, written in sentences of fixed length, usually with each line having five 10 seven characters long. ( 13 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$