专题03 选词填空（含2025年上海春考“小猫钓鱼”深度剖析及教学启示）-2025年高考英语二轮热点题型归纳与变式演练（上海专用）

专题03 选词填空 目录 题型综述 2 解题攻略 2 考点01 熟词生义题 2 考点02 一词多性题 4 考点03 构词法知识题 5 考点04 固定搭配题 5 高考练场 6 真题回顾 （2025年1月上海春考‘小猫钓鱼’深度剖析及教学启示 6 变式演练 图表图画题 14 上海高考英语的“小猫钓鱼”题型，自2008年起采用，主要考查学生在语篇中应用词汇和语法知识的能力。文章长度一般在350词左右，首句通常为主题句且不设空，每隔10-30个词会有一个空缺，共10个空。题目会给出11个选项，学生需要从中选出10个填入空缺处，使文章完整。这种题型将词汇的使用与完形阅读紧密结合，综合考查词汇与阅读理解能力。 考向诠释： · 词汇方面：主要考查名词、动词、形容词、副词等实词。选项中的词汇会涉及一词多性、一词多义、派生和合成词等。 · 语法方面：考查词性之间的关系和句子结构分析能力。例如，通过分析句子成分来判断空缺处应填入的词性。 · 逻辑方面：考察上下文逻辑联系和语篇分析能力。需要根据文章的语境和逻辑关系来选择合适的词汇。 解题技巧： · 通读全文，把握大意：快速浏览全文，了解文章的主题和脉络。这样可以更好地理解上下文，为填空提供语境支持。 · 整理选项，标注词性：将选项中的单词按词性分类，并注意词性的判断与多样性。例如，动词的不同形式（如现在分词、过去分词）需要特别注意。 · 选词填空，逻辑先行：根据上下文逻辑和语篇分析，结合语法判断，逐步填入合适的词汇。例如，通过冠词、形容词等线索判断空缺处的词性。 · 复读调整，确保连贯：完成填空后，再次通读全文，调整确保上下文连贯，情感色彩一致。这有助于发现并修正可能的错误。 【要点梳理】 词性考察 考点分析 做题技巧 名词 1、主要考察名词作主语和宾语 2、注意名词也可作前置定语 1、先判断方框单词的词性词义，注意一词多性和一词多义。 2、精读第一句，掌握文章主题。 3、根据语法知识确定被填入空格词的词性，缩小范围。 4、根据文章理解确定答案。 5、仔细检查，最终敲定答案。 动词 do/does形式： 1、句子缺少一个谓语动词，可根据“谓语动词数=连词数+1”规则判断 2、注意三单和动词及物不及物 doing形式： 1、可能是动名词和现在分词 2、动名词主要考察作主语、宾语 3、现在分词主要考察作表语、定语、状语、宾补，注意分词短语作后置定语情况 done形式： 1、可能是谓语动词过去式、被动语态及过去分词 2、若空格前有be动词，要根据句意判断是被动还是表状态的过去分词 3、过去分词主要考察作表语、定语、状语、宾补，注意分词短语作后置定语情况，注意单个过去分词作后置定语的情况，如：left，saved，remained，gained等 形容词 单个形容词作前置定语，形容词短语作后置定语 副词 句子结构完整时用副词，位置可放句首，句中，句末 第一步，判断方框内单词词性 有些词具有多个词性，不认识的词要看后缀。构词法中,  前缀区分意思,  后缀区分词性。所以看词尾往往能大致分出词性。词性无法确定的,  暂时搁置。 第二步，略读抓中心。 略读文章，细读文章首句，快速掌握文章的主题词与了解文章大致内容。 第三步，填词入空。分为三小步： 1、确认空处可填词性， 2、同性词筛选， 3、按逻辑关系代入确认答案。 · 考点一：熟词生义 A. address B. fascination C.governed D. imposing E.offensive F.originally G.overlooking H. rebellion I.reminder J. randomly K.swept Not limited to military purposes, castles also served as offices from which the lord would administer control over his fiefdom. That is to say, the lord of the land would hold court in his castle. Those that were socially beneath the lord would come to report the affairs of the lands that they ___37___ and pay tribute to the lord. They would ___38___ disputes, handle business, feast, and enjoy festivities. In this way castles served as important social centers in medieval England. （2018上海春考） 【答案】 38. A [解析]动词并列表示一系列连贯的动作，前后时态一致。address v. “处理；解决”。address disputes解决纠纷。 A. competitors B. philosophy C. properly D. maximize E. enthusiastic F. candidate G. mirrors H. background I. extremely J. conducted K. cultural You need to communicate in a way that 38 their company standards; this will show that you can fit in that organization.（2017上海春考模拟卷） 【答案】 38. G [解析] 句意：你需要以一种反映他们公司标准的方式进行沟通；这将表明你能够融入那个组织。此处mirror用作动词，“照射”，“反映”。熟词生义。 · 考点二：一词多性 These demands must also be balanced with the need to create interiors (内饰) that in some way enhance, establish or promote a company’s image and will enable employees to 49 at their best. A. access B.alternatives C.designed D. confirmed E. conflicting F. elements G. function H.innovative I.prospective J. separate K. supporting 【答案】G 【解析】本句意为“这种要求要注意均衡内饰的需要和使得员工起到最好的作用，内饰在一定程度上，可以加强，建立或促进公司的形象。”结合搭配enable sb to do sth可以知道空格填动词形式，而且是原形。需注意function可以做名词（“功能”），也可做不及物动词动词用（“起作用”）。 · 考点三：构词法知识（派生/转化/合成/缀合） （2016上海高考） A. account B. adjustable C. appliances D. capture E. decorations F. direct G. experiment H. intended I. operated J. soulless K. squeeze More is not a bore. The American-born architect Robert Venturi concluded that if simplicity is done badly, the result is 43 design. For example, think of a(n) 47 desk lamp. It needs to be constructed from materials that will stand the heat of the lamp and regular adjustments by the user. 【解析】以上两空均所填入单词均涉及到构词法知识。 43.J  形容词soulless 没有灵魂的；该词在本句中做定语修饰名词design。根据前半句“The American-born architect Robert Venturi concluded that if simplicity is done badly...”可知美国建筑家Robert Venturi总结过，如果简约没有做好，那么这样的设计就是没有灵魂的； 47.B  形容词adjustable可调节的；本句中该词作为定语修饰名词desk lamp，意为“可调节的台灯”，与后句中“regular adjustments by the user” 形成呼应。 （2017黄埔一模） A. administered B. assess C. evaluating D. externally E. improperly F. life-threatening G. measures H. original I. preexisting J. principles K. vital Next, __（assess）____ the scene, asking other people or the injured person’s family or friends about details of the injury or illness, any care that may have already been given, and __ preexisting___ conditions such as heart trouble. Unless the accident scene becomes unsafe or the victim may suffer further injury, do not move the victim. First aid requires rapid assessment of victims to determine whether life-threatening conditions exist. 【解析】以上2空考查了构词法知识，分别是构词法中前缀与合成。preexisting 意思为“以前存在的”；life-threatening意思为 “威胁生命的”。 · 考点四：固定搭配 在选词填空中，约定俗成的固定搭配不是很多，但对固定搭配的理解很常见。此外，非常重要的一点是注意小品词，即我们通常所说的to, in , on , at ,from等等,某种程度上能给我们选择的提示。如： 1).He believes design must take into the sensory side of our nature—sight, smell, touch and taste. （account）（2016上海高考） 2). Since you really____ yourself to a healthier lifestyle, a little help would come in handy, wouldn't it? (commit) (2014上海高考) 3).The British and Swedish governments have introduced a so-called "traffic light system" to ____foods as healthy or unhealthy. (classify) （2014上海高考） 【解析】以上均考察词汇固定搭配。take into account 意思为“把……考虑在内”。commit oneself to “使自己致力于做”；“使自己承担于……”。classify....as “将……分类或划分”。 【真题回顾】 2025年1月上海春季高考英语真题 【题源出处】选自2023年10月《Independent》上关于碳标注可持续旅行的介绍。 A.anchor B.comparing C.calorie D.charge E.operator  F.calculates  G. insufficient H.live  I. plug J. specializing  K. tailor-made Carbon labelling isn't new, but it is gaining a lot more traction of late-especially when it comes to travel. Carbon labels should be an easy way of (11)       products or services to see which are the most sustainable at a glance by providing a comprehensive, numbered footprint. Increasing numbers of businesses across a variety of sectors are getting onboard with the idea. For example, in the last month alone, exercise tracking app Strava announced a new tool to calculate carbon savings from going for runs, walks, cycles and e-bike rides. But perhaps one of the industries in which the concept could be most complicated is travel. It is one of the most carbon-intensive recreational activities any of us will ever take, and one for which the majority of us have (12)        ideas of the impact. If you break it all down, which is really worse: an all-inclusive cruise round the Bahamas? Or a trip to an eco-lodge in Costa Rica that involves a 24-hour round-trip on a plane? As an ordinary individual, it feels like an impossible task to figure out if one holiday is“better” than another. Many a pioneering (13)      started doing the hard work of measuring the impact of trips, down to the smallest element, and posting the results on their packages several years ago. Much Better Adventures led the (14)      , trialing the idea at the beginning of 2021-the first international travel company to do so. “Do I think it will be everywhere? I do,”Sam Bruce, the business's co-founder, told me at the time. “It should go beyond travel and they should be on all products that we buy; carbon labels should be the new (15)______. In Much Better Adventures' case, the label includes carbon emissions from all local transport accommodation, activities, guides, staff and office operations. Pura Aventura, (16)       in holidays to Latin America, Spain and Portugal, wasn't far behind, though with a different slant. “The complexity we have is that all our trips are (17)       - so we can't say we've got 50 trips and let's measure the carbon of each one," said cofounder and CEO Thomas Power. “Every trip is different. You need a (18)      tool - so we built it into our database. The company doesn't just measure the trip itself, but includes the travel to get there, door-to- door: “We want to know where you live, where the airport is, which flight you're taking," says Thomas. “We can(19)      into the database your postcode, Gatwick airport, your short- haul flight - and then the carbon factor (20)       the journey and the amount of carbon produced. 【参考答案】11-15 BGEDC 16-20 JKHIF 11. comparing 12. insufficient 13. operator 14. charge 15. calorie 16. specializing 17. tailor-made 18.live 19. plug 20. calculates 【考点分析】 11. comparing (考查动名词) 原句分析：Carbon labels should be an easy way of _____ products or services to see which are the most sustainable at a glance by providing a comprehensive, numbered footprint.解析：这里需要一个动词来描述碳标签的功能，即帮助消费者比较不同产品或服务的可持续性。"comparing" 是合适的词，因为它表示“比较”，符合句子的意思：碳标签应该是一种简单的方法，通过比较产品或服务，让消费者一目了然地看到哪些是最可持续的. 12. insufficient (考查形容词的否定前缀)原句分析：It is one of the most carbon-intensive recreational activities any of us will ever take, and one for which the majority of us have _____ ideas of the impact.解析：这里需要一个形容词来描述大多数人对旅行碳影响的认识程度。"insufficient" 是合适的词，因为它表示“不充分的”，符合句子的意思：旅行是碳排放最密集的休闲活动之一，而我们大多数人对它的影响认识是不充分的. 13. operator (考查名词结尾的后缀)原句分析：Many a pioneering _____ started doing the hard work of measuring the impact of trips, down to the smallest element, and posting the results on their packages several years ago.解析：这里需要一个名词来指代开始测量旅行影响的公司或组织。"operator" 是合适的词，因为它表示“运营商”或“经营者”，符合句子的意思：许多先驱运营商几年前就开始做测量旅行影响的艰苦工作，并将结果发布在他们的包装上. 14. charge (考查名词搭配，lead the charge)原句分析：Much Better Adventures led the _____, trialing the idea at the beginning of 2021-the first international travel company to do so.解析：这里需要一个名词来表示引领潮流的公司或组织。"charge" 是合适的词，因为它在这里表示“领导”或“带头”，符合句子的意思：Much Better Adventures在2021年初率先尝试了这个想法，成为第一家这样做的国际旅行公司. 15. calorie (考查名词，注意语境中的暗喻的修辞手法)原句分析："It should go beyond travel and they should be on all products that we buy; carbon labels should be the new _____.解析：这里需要一个名词来比喻碳标签应该成为一种标准，类似于卡路里标签。"calorie" 是合适的词，因为它表示“卡路里”，符合句子的意思：碳标签应该超越旅行，出现在我们购买的所有产品上；碳标签应该成为新的卡路里标签标准. 16. specializing (考查现在分词作伴随状语)原句分析：Pura Aventura, _____ in holidays to Latin America, Spain and Portugal, wasn't far behind, though with a different slant.解析：这里需要一个现在分词来描述专注于拉丁美洲、西班牙和葡萄牙假期的公司。"specializing" 是合适的词，因为它表示“专注于”，符合句子的意思：Pura Aventura专注于拉丁美洲、西班牙和葡萄牙的假期，虽然方法不同，但也紧随其后. 17. tailor-made (考查合成词作表语)原句分析："The complexity we have is that all our trips are _____ - so we can't say we've got 50 trips and let's measure the carbon of each one," said cofounder and CEO Thomas Power.解析：这里需要一个形容词来描述所有旅行都是量身定制的。"tailor-made" 是合适的词，因为它表示“量身定制的”，符合句子的意思：我们面临的复杂性是所有旅行都是量身定制的，所以我们不能说我们有50个旅行，然后测量每个旅行的碳排放量. 18. live (考查形容词)原句分析："Every trip is different. You need a _____ tool - so we built it into our database.解析：这里需要一个形容词来描述需要一个实时的工具来测量碳影响。"live" 是合适的词，因为它表示“实时的”，符合句子的意思：每个旅行都不相同。你需要一个实时的工具——所以我们将其构建到我们的数据库中. 19. plug (考查动词搭配，plug into接入)原句分析："We can _____ into the database your postcode, Gatwick airport, your short-haul flight - and then the carbon factor _____ the journey and the amount of carbon produced.解析：这里需要一个动词来描述将信息输入数据库的动作。"plug" 是合适的词，因为它表示“插入”或“输入”，符合句子的意思：我们可以将你的邮编、盖特威克机场、你的短途航班等信息输入数据库——然后碳因素会计算旅程和产生的碳排放量. 20. calculates (考查谓语动词)原句分析："We can plug into the database your postcode, Gatwick airport, your short-haul flight - and then the carbon factor _____ the journey and the amount of carbon produced.解析：这里需要一个动词来描述数据库计算旅程的碳排放量。"calculates" 是合适的词，因为它表示“计算”，符合句子的意思：我们可以将你的邮编、盖特威克机场、你的短途航班等信息输入数据库——然后碳因素会计算旅程和产生的碳排放量. 【重难词汇】 1.Carbon labelling：碳标签。这是一种标识，显示产品或服务在生产、使用和处置过程中产生的碳排放量，帮助消费者做出更环保的选择. 2.Traction：牵引力，这里指关注度或流行度。"gaining a lot more traction" 表示“获得更多的关注或流行度”. 3.Sustainable：可持续的。指在不损害未来代际满足自身需求的能力情况下，满足当前需求的资源利用方式. 4.Comprehensive：全面的。指包括所有相关方面的. 5.Footprint：足迹，这里指碳足迹。指个人或组织在一定时间内直接或间接产生的二氧化碳排放总量. 6.Carbon-intensive：碳密集型的。指在生产或使用过程中产生大量碳排放的活动或产品. 7.Pioneering：开拓性的，先锋的。指在某个领域或行业中率先尝试或创新的. 8.Measure：测量。这里指测量旅行等活动的碳排放量. 9.Package：包装。这里指旅行套餐或服务包. 10.Tailor-made：量身定制的。根据个人或特定需求定制的. 11.Carbon emissions：碳排放。指在生产、使用或运输过程中产生的二氧化碳排放. 12.Local transport：当地交通。指在旅行目的地的交通方式. 13.Office operations：办公室运营。指公司或组织的日常办公活动. 14.Complexity：复杂性。指事物的复杂程度或涉及的因素众多. 15,Slant：角度，观点。这里指不同的方法或策略. 16.Short-haul flight：短途航班。指飞行距离较短的航班. 17.Carbon factor：碳因子。指用于计算碳排放量的系数或参数. 【重点短语】 1.At a glance：一目了然。指通过简单查看就能了解或识别.2.Get onboard with：加入，支持。"get onboard with the idea" 表示“加入或支持这个想法”.3.Trial the idea：尝试这个想法。指对某个新想法或方法进行初步的测试或实验.4.Lead the charge：带头，引领潮流。"led the charge" 表示“带头或引领潮流”.5.Beyond travel：超越旅行。指不仅限于旅行领域，还扩展到其他领域.6.On all products that we buy：在我们购买的所有产品上。指碳标签不仅应用于旅行，还应用于其他各种产品.7.Be the new：成为新的。这里指碳标签成为一种新的标准或标签形式.8.Down to the smallest element：到最小的元素。指对事物进行非常细致和全面的分析或测量.9.Post the results on：发布结果在。"post the results on their packages" 表示“将结果发布在他们的包装上”.10.Be far behind：远远落后。"wasn't far behind" 表示“并没有远远落后”.11.With a different slant：从不同的角度。指采用不同的方法或策略.12.Build into：构建到...。"built it into our database" 表示“将其构建到我们的数据库中”.13.Plug into：链接到...。"plug into the database" 表示“将信息链接数据库”.14.Calculate the journey：计算旅程。"calculates the journey" 表示“计算旅程的碳排放量”.15.Amount of carbon produced：产生的碳量。指在某个过程中产生的二氧化碳总量. 【高考启示】 这篇小猫钓鱼难就难在将《普通高中英语课程标准（2017年版2020修订）》中的语篇体现的淋漓尽致。新高考注重理论概念的学习和应用，不是刷题的机器，而且现在是人工智能时代，死记硬背的知识已经不符合这个时代。 【请对比一下2014年上海高考英语选词填空】 Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. alert B. classify C. commit D. delicately E. gentle F. impose G. labels H. moderation I. relieve J. signals K. simply Let's say you've decided you want to eat more healthfully. However, you don't have time to carefully plan menus for meals or read food __41__ at the supermarket. Since you really__42__ yourself to a healthier lifestyle, a little help would come in handy, wouldn't it? This is where a "choice architect" can help__43__some of the burden of doing it all yourself. Choice architects are people who organize the contexts in which customers make decisions. For example, the person who decides the layout of your local supermarket-including which shelf the peanut butter goes on, and how the oranges are piled up—is a choice architect. Governments don't have to__44__healthier lifestyles through laws---for example, smoking bans. Rather, if given an environment created by a choice architect one that encourages us to choose what is best-we will do the right things. In other words, there will be designs that gently push customers toward making healthier choices, without removing freedom of choice. This idea combines freedom to choose with__45__hints from choice architects, who aim to help people live longer, healthier, and happier lives. The British and Swedish governments have introduced a so-called "traffic light system" to __46__foods as healthy or unhealthy. This means that customers can see at a glance how much fat, sugar, and salt each product contains__47__by looking at the lights on the package. A green light __48__that the amounts of the three nutrients are healthy; yellow indicates that the customer should be__49__; and red means that the food is high in at least one of the three nutrients and should be eaten in __50__. The customer is given important health information, but is still free to decide what to choose. 【答案】41. G 42. C 43.1 44. F 45. E 46. B 47. K 48. J 49. A 50. H 【解析】 41. G 本题考查名词搭配。由于在超市里，所以是阅读食物标签（labels）。故选G。 42. C 本题考查动词短语搭配。根据所给词汇以及…yourself to a healthier lifestyle，只有commit yourself to（承诺……）符合句意。故选C。 43. L 本题考查动词用法。根据后面内容some of the burden of doing it all yourself以及前面动词help可知此空应填relieve（减轻），构成“……能够有助于减轻独自做这事的一些负担”。故选L。 44. F 本题考查动词用法。根据句子逻辑，此句意思为“政府不必通过法律来强加（impose）更健康的生活方式，如戒烟”。故选F。 45. E 本题考查形容词用法。根据设空，本空填形容词，而alert（警觉的）不符合句意，只有gentle（文雅的）符合句意。故选E。 46. B 本题考查动词短语用法。本句句意为“英国和瑞典政府引进了所谓的交通灯系统来吧食物分类为健康的或不健康的”，短语classify …as…表示“把……分类为……”，故选B。 47. K 本题考查副词用法。根据…customers can see at a glance how much fat, sugar, and salt each product contains__47__by looking at the lights on the package（顾客们只要看包装上的指示灯一眼就能看出每一个产品含有多少脂肪、糖和盐）可知，此空填simply。故选K。 48. J 本题考查动词用法。由于空后所接的是宾语从句，所以该空填及物动词，结合后面indicates的意思可知，该空填signals（表示）。故选J。 49. A 本题考查形容词用法。根据前面“绿灯表示三种营养的量是健康的”可知“黄灯表示三种营养的量可能有问题”，因此消费者应当留心（alert）。故选A。 50. H 本题考查名词词义。根据句子red means that the food is high in at least one of the three nutrients（红灯意味着至少三个营养中的一个是高的）可知，这样的食物应当有节制地（in moderation）吃。故选H。 2022年7月上海高考英语真题 Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A pursuits B.interests C.comparable D.innovation E.schedule F.options G.realization H routes I.subjects J.recipes K.motivated Creativity Is a Human Quality That Exists in US When you think about creativity,it might be highly creative people like Mozart, da Vinci or Einstein who spring to mind.They were all considered to be"Geniuses”for their somewhat unique talents that led to global (31)______ in their fields. Their type of creativity is what's known as"Big C creativity”(or historical) and is not very common in everyday life. Not all of us can create works of art or music or scientific theories that are new to the world. But while we can’t all be Mozart, da Vinci or Einstein, many people do enjoy creative activity through hobbies such as water colour painting or playing the piano. And these types of (32) ______ are often what people think of when asked what being creative looks like. Our finished pieces may not be (33) _______ with the likes of the great masters, but often the process is therapeutic and the end result can be aesthetically pleasing. On top of hobbies and (34)_______, we all possess creative attributes that can help as we solve life's problems and make decisions. It is this type of creativity that enables us to plan different(35)_________ to get to the same destination, or how to fit in a trip to the supermarket when our (36)________ looks full. It might not sound very creative, but this aspect of creativity relies on our ability to consider(37) ________ and assess their suitability, as well as how to make decisions based on personal prior experience or what we have learnt formally or informally. These examples are known as "Small C creativity”or “personal everyday creativity. While Big C creativity is valued and celebrated, It is often Small C creativity that has allowed humans to flourish over thousands of years.it sets us apart from other animals and it is also the type of creativity which can be fostered through our education system and beyond into the workplace. Traditionally, research tells us that creativity has been largely associated with the arts. Our previous research has shown that teachers are often able to give examples of creative activity in arts(38)________, but find it harder to do so when asked to describe creativity in subjects such as science. But there is a growing(39) _______that opportunities to be creative are found across a broader range of subjects.For instance,engineering provides opportunities to be creative through problem solving. and history gives the opportunity to think creatively about why events happened, and what(40)________ those involved. 【答案】31-40 DACBH LFIGK 31 D【解析】此处的形容词 global (全球的)应修饰名词，结合前面提到的“当你想到创造力时，你可能会想到像莫扎特、达芬奇或爱因斯坦这样极具创造力的人。他们都被认为是“天才”，因为他们有些独特的才能”，这里讲的是创造力，分析选项，只有“innovation"符合语境及逻辑。此处句意为“他们都被认为是“天才”，因为他们有些独特的才能，导致了他们所在领域的全球创新(innovation)”,故选D。innovation n.创新。 32 A【解析】该空对应的是前面提到的“hobbies such as water colour painting or playing the piano.”，分析选项可知“水彩画或弹钢琴”可以说是“追求”，句意为:当被间及创造力是什么样子时，人们通常会想到这些类型的追求(pursuits)。故选A。pursuits n.追求。 33.C【解析】此处考查固定搭配 be comparable with(与...可比较的,比得上...的),此处旬意为“我们完成的作品可能无法与大师们的作品相提并论(comparable),但通常这个过程是有益的，最终的结果是令人赏心悦目的"，故选C。comparable dj，可比的，可比较的。 34 B【解析】该空与 hobbies 并列，且它们的意思应该是相近的，分析选项可知应选“interests”。句意为“除了爱好和兴趣(interests)，我们都拥有创造性的属性，可以帮助我们解决生活中的问题和做决定”，故选B。interests n，兴趣。 35.H【解析】根据后面的"to get to the same destination(到达同一个目的地)”可以反推出我们需要先计划路线，此处句意为“正是这种创造力使我们能够计划不间的路线(routes)到达同一个目的地”，故选H。routes n路线:路途。 36E【解析】分析透项可知“当我们的时间表看起来很满时”符合语境及逻辑，此处句意为"或者当我们的时间表(schedule)看起来很满时如何安排去超市的旅行”,放选E。schedule，计划(表)，进度表:时间表。 37 F【解析】分析选项，根据后面的"as well as how to make decisions biased on personal prior experience or what we have learnt formally or informally (以及如何根据个人之前的经验或我们正式或非正式地学到的知识做出决定)”可以推测出我们考虑的是“选择”，句意为:这听起来可能不是很有创意，但这方面的创造力依赖于我们考虑选择(options)和评估其适用性的能力，以及如何根据个人之前的经验或我们正式或非正式地学到的知识做出决定。故选F。options n.可选择的事物:选择，选择权。 38.1【解析】根据后面的“but find it harder to do so when asked to describe creativity in subjects such as science"可知此处应为“subjects”。句意为“我们之前的研究表明。教师通常能够给出艺术科目(subjects)中创造性活动的例子，但当被要求描述科学等科目中的创造性时，他们发现很难做到这一点"，故选1。subjects n学科:科目:主题。 39.G【解析】分析选项，“创新的机会在更广泛的学科中存在“属于一种”认识。意识"，此处句意为“但人们越来越意识到(realization)，创新的机会在更广泛的学科中存在"，故选G。realization n.认识，领悟。 40 K【解析】分析句子结构可知此空是一个谓语动词，且时态为一般过去时，应选 motivated。此处句意为“例如，工程学提供了通过解决问题来发挥创造力的机会，而历史则提供了机会来创造性地思考事件发生的原因，以及是什么激发了(motivated )参与者”，故选K。motivated v.成为……的动机，是……的原因;激励，激发。 （2018上海春考） Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. address B. fascination C.governed D. imposing E.offensive F.originally G.overlooking H. rebellion I.reminder J. randomly K.swept Palaces are known for their beauty and splendor, but they offer little protection against attacks. It is easy to defend a fortress, but fortresses are not designed with the comfort of a king or queen in mind. When it comes to structures that are both ___31___ and well-fortified, the classic European castle is the pinnacle of design. Across the ages castles changed, developed, and eventually fell out of use, but they still command the ___32___ of our culture. Castles were ___33___ built in England by Norman invaders in 1066. As William the Conqueror ___34___ through England, he fortified key positions to secure the land he had taken. The castles he built allowed the Norman lords to retreat to safety when threatened by English ___35___. Castles also served as bases of operation for offensive attacks. Troops were summoned to, organized around, and deployed from castles. In this way castles served both ___36___ and defensive roles in military operations. Not limited to military purposes, castles also served as offices from which the lord would administer control over his fiefdom. That is to say, the lord of the land would hold court in his castle. Those that were socially beneath the lord would come to report the affairs of the lands that they ___37___ and pay tribute to the lord. They would ___38___ disputes, handle business, feast, and enjoy festivities. In this way castles served as important social centers in medieval England. Castles also served as symbols of power. Built on prominent sites ___39___ the surrounding areas, castles constantly loomed in the background of many peasants' lives and served as a daily ___40___ of the lord's strength. 【答案】31-40: DBFKH ECAGI 【解析】 31.D。【解析】根据句意:当涉及到建筑既雄伟又坚固的建筑，经典的欧洲城堡是设计的顶峰。imposing壮观的;令人印象深刻的，作表语修饰定语从句中的主语，构成主系表结构。 32.B。【解析】根据句意:他们仍然指挥着我们文化的魅力可知，应为fascination 魅力;吸引力。 33.F。【解析】根据句子结构可知，应填副词修饰 built。句意;城堡最初是诺曼入侵者于1066年在英国建造的。 34.K。【解析】as 引导的非限制性定语从句中缺少谓语动词。sweep through 横扫。 35.H。【解析】介词后加名词。根据句意他们受到了英国叛乱的威胁。 rebellion造反，叛乱。 36.E。【解析】and链接两个形容词修饰roles。offensive攻击的，冒犯的。 37.C。【解析】and 连接两个并列的动词，所以要用一般过去时。根据句意是他们管理的土地。 38.A。【解析】动词并列表示一系列连贯的动作，前后时态一致。address disputes地址纠纷。 39.G。【解析】考查伴随状语，主句句子完整，前为对主句句子的补充说明，不应构成句子，所以用 v-ing。 40.1。【解析】固定搭配，reminder of提醒。 （一） （2025年浦东新区一模） Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. accompany B. alternative C. diverse D. doubt E. predictable F. reflecting G. reframe H. reportedly I. seeking J. socially K. undesirable Voice changes as you age Do you sound… old? As we age, reductions in muscles and changes in the position you sit or stand make it harder to produce the same sounds that came easily in the past. Actually, many of the inconveniences that (11)_________ aging can damage the voice. If you’ve noticed your voice changing as you age, you’re not alone. Up to one in three older adults (12)_________ experiences a change in “normal voice quality.” Treatments that preserve or improve vocal(嗓音的) function for aging adults are highly (13)_________. There’s medication like hormone replacement therapy or thyroid(甲状腺) medication targeted at reducing an enlarged thyroid, which can cause vocal changes. But the front-line (14)_________ is usually a non-invasive therapeutic approach. It is a personalized physical therapy including vocal and breathing exercises designed to maintain vocal range, preserve volume, and handle individual issues. Overall, surgery is often unnecessary for the vast majority of patients with age-related issues. Keeping active and fit as you age can preserve muscle mass, strength, and benefit the breathing system. Voice experts further stress the importance of nutrition and hydration(水化作用), suggesting older adults drink plenty of water, adopt healthy diets and use steam generators at home. While researchers may (15)_________ the role that various factors play in voice preservation, they agree that quitting smoking significantly reduces the risk of developing age-related voice disorders. What is noteworthy is that (16)_________ voice changes will cause other health concerns. If older adults are feeling like their voice is changing, and it’s impacting their ability to engage in personal and professional growth, or interpersonal communication, they can start to withdraw (17)_________ and become depressed. Researchers are increasingly trying to (18)_________ many “disorders” of the aging voice as a natural part of aging. Thus, it’s crucial for older adults to recognize that these changes are inevitable, (19)_________ the passage of time. Besides medical interventions, psychological support also plays a vital role in helping older adults handle voice changes. Since age-related voice changes are inevitable, there’s no shame in (20)_________ help. Our voice is very personal at any age. 参考答案： 11. A 12. H 13. C 14.B 15. D 16. K 17. J 18. G 19.F 20. I 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了随着年龄增长，人们的嗓音会发生变化这一现象，介绍了针对老年人嗓音功能的一些治疗方法、嗓音变化可能引发的其他健康问题以及研究者对这一现象的看法等，强调了认识到嗓音变化不可避免以及寻求帮助应对变化的重要性。 【11 题详解】 考查动词。句意：实际上，伴随衰老而来的许多不便都会损害嗓音。此处需要一个动词，根据语境及所给单词，“accompany”（陪伴，与…… 同时发生，伴随）符合句意，指那些与衰老同时出现的不便情况，故填 “A”。 【12 题详解】 考查副词。句意：多达三分之一的老年人据说经历了 “正常嗓音质量” 的变化。此处修饰动词 “experiences”，要用副词，“reportedly”（据说，据报道）符合语境，引出后面关于老年人嗓音变化情况的陈述，故填 “H”。 【13 题详解】 考查形容词。句意：针对老年人保护或改善嗓音功能的治疗方法是多种多样的。此处作表语，要用形容词，“diverse”（不同的，多种多样的）符合语境，说明治疗方法有多种类型，故填 “C”。 【14 题详解】 考查名词。句意：但一线的替代方案通常是一种非侵入性的治疗方法。此处需要一个名词作主语，根据语境及所给单词，“alternative”（可供选择的事物，替代方案）符合句意，指除了前面提到的药物治疗之外的其他可选方案，故填 “B”。 【15 题详解】 考查动词。句意：虽然研究人员可能对各种因素在嗓音保护中所起的作用存在疑问，但他们一致认为戒烟能显著降低患与年龄相关的嗓音障碍的风险。此处需要一个动词，“doubt”（怀疑，疑问）符合语境，表达对相关因素作用的不确定态度，故填 “D”。 【16 题详解】 考查形容词。句意：值得注意的是，不良的嗓音变化会引发其他健康问题。此处修饰 “voice changes”，要用形容词，“undesirable”（不良的，不受欢迎的）符合语境，指那些不好的嗓音变化会带来后续影响，故填 “K”。 【17 题详解】 考查副词。句意：如果老年人感觉自己的嗓音在变化，并且影响到他们个人和职业发展以及人际交往的能力，他们可能会开始在社交方面退缩并变得抑郁。此处修饰动词 “withdraw”，要用副词，“socially”（在社交方面，社会上）符合语境，描述退缩的具体方面，故填 “J”。 【18 题详解】 考查动词。句意：研究人员越来越试图将许多老年人嗓音的 “障碍” 重新定义为衰老的自然组成部分。此处需要一个动词，“reframe”（重新构建，重新定义）符合语境，指改变对嗓音变化现象的看法，故填 “G”。 【19 题详解】 考查动词。句意：因此，对于老年人来说，认识到这些变化是不可避免的，是时间流逝的反映，这一点至关重要。此处需要一个动词，“reflecting”（反映，体现）符合语境，说明嗓音变化与时间流逝的关联，故填 “F”。 【20 题详解】 考查动词。句意：由于与年龄相关的嗓音变化是不可避免的，所以寻求帮助并不可耻。此处需要一个动词，“seeking”（寻求，寻找）符合语境，指寻求应对嗓音变化的帮助，故填 “I”。 （二） （2025年闵行一模） Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. display B. features C. home D. peak E. timing F. mass G. equivalent H. favor I. extensive J. upsets K. distinction The Atacama Desert stretches along the coast of northern Chile, covering over 40,000 square miles of dry land. It has a reputation as the harshest desert in the world, although that （11）________ technically belongs to the Antarctica desert. In fact, some weather stations in the Atacama have never recorded rainfall. Despite the severe conditions, the Atacama Desert is （12）________to a surprising number of plant species, many of which have evolved to survive long periods of drought. These flowers lie inactive, coming to life in a breathtaking（13）________that can stretch across thousands of square kilometers when conditions are favorable. This phenomenon is called a desert bloom. It occurs when infrequent rains cause a（n） （14）________growth of seeds that have lain inactive in the soil for years. These seeds are capable of resisting extreme heat and extended dryness. The current flowering isn't yet （15）________enough to be regarded as a desert bloom, covering only a few hundred square kilometers. But here's the strange thing: this phenomenon usually happens in the spring. Now, in Chile, it's winter —— so it's unusually early for something like this to happen. El Niño, a natural climate phenomenon that influences global weather, often plays a crucial role in the desert bloom. However, it is not yet confirmed whether it is to blame for the（16）________of this bloom. This phenomenon （17）________normal weather patterns, regularly bringing increased rainfall to regions that are typically dry. In the case of the Atacama desert, it can lead to occasional but significant rain events, which creates the perfect conditions for a desert bloom. The desert bloom（18）________ a collection of native flowers, each of which has adapted itself uniquely to the harsh environment. The current event, however, seems to（19）________ a specific purple flower that doesn't need a lot of water and grows in sandy sites. At its （20）________, a desert bloom can include up to 200 species, showcasing the toughness of life in this unpleasant environment. 参考答案： 11. K 12. C 13. A 14. F 15. I 16. E 17. J 18. B 19. H 20. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了阿塔卡马沙漠的相关情况，包括它虽条件恶劣但有着独特的沙漠开花现象，介绍了沙漠开花现象产生的原因、涉及的花卉特点以及厄尔尼诺现象对此现象可能产生的影响等内容。 【11 题详解】 考查名词。句意：它有着世界上最严酷沙漠的名声，尽管严格来说这一殊荣属于南极沙漠。此处作主语，需要一个名词，根据 “belongs to” 以及所给单词，“distinction”（荣誉，殊荣，区别）符合语境，指世界上最严酷沙漠这一荣誉，故填 “K”。 【12 题详解】 考查名词。句意：尽管条件恶劣，阿塔卡马沙漠却是数量惊人的植物物种的家园，其中许多植物已经进化到能够在长期干旱中生存下来。“be home to...” 是固定短语，意为 “是…… 的家园，是…… 的所在地”，符合语境描述沙漠是众多植物物种生存的地方，故填 “C”。 【13 题详解】 考查名词。句意：这些花处于休眠状态，在条件适宜时，它们会焕发生机，形成一片令人惊叹的景象，其范围可延伸数千平方公里。此处作介词 “in” 的宾语，需要一个名词，“display”（展示，景象）符合语境，指花开时呈现出的壮观景象，故填 “A”。 【14 题详解】 考查形容词。句意：当罕见的降雨导致多年来一直潜伏在土壤中的种子大量生长时，就会出现这种现象。此处修饰 “growth”，要用形容词，“mass”（大量的，大批的）符合语境，描述种子大量生长的情况，故填 “F”。 【15 题详解】 考查形容词。句意：目前的开花范围还不够广泛，还不能被视为沙漠开花，其覆盖面积只有几百平方公里。此处作表语，要用形容词，“extensive”（广泛的，广阔的）符合语境，指开花的范围程度，故填 “I”。 【16 题详解】 考查名词。句意：然而，目前还不确定它是否是此次开花时间异常的原因。此处作介词 “for” 的宾语，需要一个名词，“timing”（时间安排，时机，时间选择）符合语境，指开花的时间方面的情况，故填 “E”。 【17 题详解】 考查动词。句意：这种现象扰乱了正常的天气模式，经常给通常干旱的地区带来更多降雨。此处需要一个动词作谓语，根据语境及所给单词，“upsets”（打乱，扰乱）符合句意，描述对天气模式的影响，故填 “J”。 【18 题详解】 考查动词。句意：沙漠开花展现了一系列本土花卉，每一种都独特地适应了恶劣的环境。此处需要一个动词作谓语，“features”（以…… 为特色，展示，展现）符合语境，指开花呈现出各种花卉的情况，故填 “B”。 【19 题详解】 考查动词。句意：然而，目前的情况似乎更青睐一种特定的紫色花朵，这种花不需要太多水分，生长在沙地。此处需要一个动词，“favor”（较喜欢，偏爱，有利于）符合语境，指当前情况更利于这种花生长，故填 “H”。 【20 题详解】 考查名词。句意：在其鼎盛时期，沙漠开花可包含多达 200 种植物，展示了在这种恶劣环境中生命的顽强。“at its peak” 是固定短语，意为 “在鼎盛时期，在巅峰状态”，符合语境描述开花最旺盛的时候，故填 “D”。 （三） （2025年普陀区一模） Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. accents B. acquire C. boundaries D. fulfill E. guidelines F. liberally G. precisely H. priority I. prospect J. schedule K. suspect Find Your Life's Work Everyone has their own life values. You wonder what your vocation is and where you could successfully ___11___ your potential?Here are some tips. ● Turn Passion into Profit Do not___ 12___ this statement:find something you like and you won't have to work a day. There is no better ___ 13 ___ than getting good money for your hobby. So, think about what you really like to do even for free. Even if you only love to play online games and taste delicious food, you can go for cooking or tasting, game development or go into e-sports, start a thematic blog—as you can see, there are a lot of options. ● Imagine an Ideal World Another way to understand what is most important to you is to reflect on what an ideal world should look like. Perhaps your purpose is ___14 ___to bring the real world closer to this ideal image. Don't limit yourself to ___15 ___ . Let go of fantasy and let yourself just dream. Write down any thoughts that come to mind. Pay attention to all the details and ___ 16 ___ , and then think about how to translate them into reality. ● Recall Your Best Moments To determine your top ___ 17 ___ , think about the moments in which you experienced the greatest joy. What has given you the most satisfaction in the past?Take a little time and remember all the times when you were sincerely glad. So, you will understand what your main___ 18 ___ are at this stage of life. ● Create a Roadmap You've identified your goals. Now, develop a detailed plan, like drawing a map from your current life to your desired future. Find the best route from point A to point B. Think about what skills you need to ___ 19 ___and what daily habits are worth adding to your life. The more specific points you put on the map, the easier it will be to ___20 ___them and start moving towards your goal. 【答案】 11. D 12. K 13. I 14. G 15. C 16. A 17. H 18. E 19. B 20. J 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了几种帮助人们找到人生事业的方法，包括将爱好转化为收益、构想理想世界、回顾美好时刻以及制定路线图等，旨在引导人们挖掘自身潜力，明确并朝着目标前进。 【11 题详解】 考查动词。句意：你想知道自己的职业是什么，在哪里可以成功地发挥自己的潜力吗？此处需要一个动词与 “your potential” 搭配，“fulfill” 有 “发挥，实现” 的意思，符合语境，表示实现自身潜力，故填 “D”。 【12 题详解】 考查动词。句意：不要怀疑这句话：找到你喜欢的事情，你就不用工作一天了。根据语境及所给单词，“suspect”（怀疑）符合句意，表达不要对这句话持有怀疑态度，故填 “K”。 【13 题详解】 考查名词。句意：没有比把爱好变成赚钱的好途径更好的前景了。此处需要一个名词作表语，“prospect”（前景，可能性）符合语境，指把爱好变现是很好的一种前景，故填 “I”。 【14 题详解】 考查副词。句意：也许你的目的正是让现实世界更接近这个理想形象。此处修饰动词 “bring”，要用副词，“precisely”（精确地，恰好，正是）符合语境，强调目的的精准指向，故填 “G”。 【15 题详解】 考查名词。句意：不要把自己局限在边界内。让幻想自由驰骋，让自己尽情梦想。此处作介词 “to” 的宾语，要用名词，“boundaries”（边界，界限）符合语境，指不要自我设限，故填 “C”。 【16 题详解】 考查名词。句意：写下脑海中浮现的任何想法。注意所有的细节和口音，然后思考如何将它们转化为现实。此处与 “details” 并列，也需要一个名词，“accents”（口音，腔调）在此处可引申为特色、特点等意思，符合语境，故填 “A”。 【17 题详解】 考查名词。句意：要确定你的首要任务，想想你经历过最快乐的时刻。此处需要一个名词，根据语境及所给单词，“priority”（优先事项，首要任务）符合句意，指确定最重要的事情，故填 “H”。 【18 题详解】 考查名词。句意：所以，你会明白在人生的这个阶段你的主要指导方针是什么。此处需要一个名词作表语，“guidelines”（指导方针，准则）符合语境，指明白指导自己行动的准则，故填 “E”。 【19 题详解】 考查动词。句意：想想你需要获得哪些技能，哪些日常习惯值得添加到你的生活中。此处需要一个动词与 “skills” 搭配，“acquire”（获得，习得）符合语境，表示获取技能，故填 “B”。 【20 题详解】 考查动词。句意：你在地图上标注的具体要点越多，就越容易安排并朝着你的目标前进。此处需要一个动词，“schedule”（安排，预定）符合语境，指对这些要点进行合理安排，故填 “J”。 （四） （2025年嘉定一模） Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. access B. ended C. exchanged D. increased E. mirrored F. narrow G. non-judgmentally H. non-productively I. shame J. stranger K. understood For Those in Crisis, a Friend to Text “A 19-year-old woman wrote to me in a text message, saying she was feeling hopeless and beginning to give up on life. . . . ” Aaron, a veteran (老兵) , has himself suffered from the similar stress and depression. He ___11___ the feeling. For the past year, Aaron has been volunteering with the Crisis Text Line (CTL), a free 24-hour service that people in need of a lifeline can ___12___ through the number 741741. The line currently has 1, 500 volunteer Crisis Consultants across the country and has ___13___ more than 19 million texts — 50,000 messages a day. As he had been instructed, Aaron “listened” openly and ___14___ to the young woman. He didn’t offer advice: he didn’t try to help her solve her problems. Mostly, his messages ___15___ back what he’d heard from her, occasionally emphasizing a strength that he’d noticed — like the fact that she’d taken this step to help herself even in the middle of her depression. “A lot of people feel extremely lonely,” he says. “Sometimes it takes a(n) ___16___ , not a close friend, to say, ‘Hey, you’ve been through a lot, but you’ve been helping yourself. If you can do that, you can do more. ’ Many people reply, ‘I’ve never thought about it that way.’” The goal of a crisis line, explains Nancy Lublin, who runs the CTL, is ___17___ . It’s not treatment; it’s meant to bring people from “a moment of hot to a moment of cool, ” so consultants can suggest ways the texter can move to a place of ___18___ safety. Researchers are excited about the text line. “Teens have been reluctant to use crisis services,” observes Anthony Pisani. “The CTL offers a layer of protection from the ___19___ of expressing your weaknesses.” As for the woman with whom Aaron was communicating, the opportunity to share her feelings with a kind stranger appeared to help. “She said she couldn't remember the last time anyone had told her they believed in her,” Aaron recalls. She ___20___ the conversation the way people often do, by texting, “Thanks for listening.” 【答案】11. K 12. A 13. C 14. G 15. E 16. J 17. F 18. D 19. I 20. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Crisis Text Line (CTL)是一个帮助人们在情感危机中找到支持的短信服务，通过志愿者提供倾听和陪伴，帮助人们安抚情绪，找到安全的方法。 【11题详解】 考查动词。句意：他理解这种感觉。空处为句子的谓语动词。此处表示Aaron理解压力和抑郁带来的感受。understand“理解”符合语境。句子陈述过去的事实，所以用一般过去时态。故选K。 【12题详解】 考查动词。句意：在过去的一年里，Aaron一直在危机短信热线（CTL）做志愿者，这是一个24小时免费服务，有需要的人可以通过拨打741741这个号码接入。根据空前的can可知，空处需要动词原形。根据“a free 24-hour service that people in need of a lifeline”可知，需要的人能通过拨打741741这个号码接入危机短信热线。access为动词“进入”，符合语境。故选A。 【13题详解】 考查动词。句意：该热线目前在全国各地有1500名志愿者危机顾问，每天交换超过1900万条短信，即5万条。空处为句子的谓语动词。根据空后的more than 19 million texts可知，这条热线已经交换了超过1900万条短信。exchange为动词“交换”，符合语境。根据空前的has可知，本句话为现在完成时态，空处需要过去分词。故选C。 【14题详解】 考查副词。句意：按照指示，Aaron以开放和非评判的态度“倾听”这位年轻女士的心声。空处需要副词和空前的openly作并列状语，修饰动词listened。non-judgmentally为副词“不批评地”，符合语境。故选G。 【15题详解】 考查动词。句意：大多数情况下，他的信息只是反映了从她那里听到的内容，偶尔强调他注意到的一个优点——比如她在抑郁症期间还能采取行动帮助自己这一点。空处为句子的谓语动词。根据空前的“He didn’t offer advice: he didn’t try to help her solve her problems.”可知，Aaron不给建议，他的信息只反映他听到的内容。mirror为动词“反映”，符合语境。句子陈述过去的事实，所以用一般过去时态。故选E。 【16题详解】 考查名词。句意：“很多人感到非常孤独，”他说。“有时候，需要一个陌生人，而不是亲密的朋友，来说‘嘿，你经历了很多，但你在帮助自己。’根据空前的a (n)可知，空处需要名词。根据not a close friend可知，此处表示一个陌生人。stranger为名词“陌生人”，符合语境。故选J。 【17题详解】 考查形容词。句意：CTL的负责人Nancy Lublin解释说，危机热线的目标刚刚好。空处需要形容词作表语。narrow为形容词“刚刚好的”，此处指危机热线的目标刚刚好，即他们不是去治疗，而是让人们冷静下来。故选F。 【18题详解】 考查形容词。句意：它的目的是让人们从“激动时刻”转变为“冷静时刻”，这样顾问就可以建议发件人如何转移到更安全的状态。空处需要形容词作定语。increased为形容词“增强的”，此处指让人们转移到更安全的状态。故选D。 【19题详解】 考查名词。句意：CTL提供了一层保护，让你在表达自己的弱点时不会感到羞耻。空处需要名词作介词的宾语。根据“expressing your weaknesses”可知，人们在表达自己的弱点时会感到羞愧。shame为名词“羞愧”，符合语境。故选I。 【20题详解】 考查动词。句意：她像人们通常做的那样，通过发短信结束了对话：“谢谢你倾听。”空处为句子的谓语动词。根据“Thanks for listening.”可知，这位女士结束了对话。end为动词“结束”，符合语境。句子陈述过去的事实，所以用一般过去时态。故选B。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题03 选词填空 目录 题型综述 2 解题攻略 2 考点01 熟词生义题 2 考点02 一词多性题 4 考点03 构词法知识题 5 考点04 固定搭配题 5 高考练场 6 真题回顾 （2025年1月上海春考‘小猫钓鱼’深度剖析及教学启示 6 变式演练 图表图画题 14 上海高考英语的“小猫钓鱼”题型，自2008年起采用，主要考查学生在语篇中应用词汇和语法知识的能力。文章长度一般在350词左右，首句通常为主题句且不设空，每隔10-30个词会有一个空缺，共10个空。题目会给出11个选项，学生需要从中选出10个填入空缺处，使文章完整。这种题型将词汇的使用与完形阅读紧密结合，综合考查词汇与阅读理解能力。 考向诠释： · 词汇方面：主要考查名词、动词、形容词、副词等实词。选项中的词汇会涉及一词多性、一词多义、派生和合成词等。 · 语法方面：考查词性之间的关系和句子结构分析能力。例如，通过分析句子成分来判断空缺处应填入的词性。 · 逻辑方面：考察上下文逻辑联系和语篇分析能力。需要根据文章的语境和逻辑关系来选择合适的词汇。 解题技巧： · 通读全文，把握大意：快速浏览全文，了解文章的主题和脉络。这样可以更好地理解上下文，为填空提供语境支持。 · 整理选项，标注词性：将选项中的单词按词性分类，并注意词性的判断与多样性。例如，动词的不同形式（如现在分词、过去分词）需要特别注意。 · 选词填空，逻辑先行：根据上下文逻辑和语篇分析，结合语法判断，逐步填入合适的词汇。例如，通过冠词、形容词等线索判断空缺处的词性。 · 复读调整，确保连贯：完成填空后，再次通读全文，调整确保上下文连贯，情感色彩一致。这有助于发现并修正可能的错误。 【要点梳理】 词性考察 考点分析 做题技巧 名词 1、主要考察名词作主语和宾语 2、注意名词也可作前置定语 1、先判断方框单词的词性词义，注意一词多性和一词多义。 2、精读第一句，掌握文章主题。 3、根据语法知识确定被填入空格词的词性，缩小范围。 4、根据文章理解确定答案。 5、仔细检查，最终敲定答案。 动词 do/does形式： 1、句子缺少一个谓语动词，可根据“谓语动词数=连词数+1”规则判断 2、注意三单和动词及物不及物 doing形式： 1、可能是动名词和现在分词 2、动名词主要考察作主语、宾语 3、现在分词主要考察作表语、定语、状语、宾补，注意分词短语作后置定语情况 done形式： 1、可能是谓语动词过去式、被动语态及过去分词 2、若空格前有be动词，要根据句意判断是被动还是表状态的过去分词 3、过去分词主要考察作表语、定语、状语、宾补，注意分词短语作后置定语情况，注意单个过去分词作后置定语的情况，如：left，saved，remained，gained等 形容词 单个形容词作前置定语，形容词短语作后置定语 副词 句子结构完整时用副词，位置可放句首，句中，句末 第一步，判断方框内单词词性 有些词具有多个词性，不认识的词要看后缀。构词法中,  前缀区分意思,  后缀区分词性。所以看词尾往往能大致分出词性。词性无法确定的,  暂时搁置。 第二步，略读抓中心。 略读文章，细读文章首句，快速掌握文章的主题词与了解文章大致内容。 第三步，填词入空。分为三小步： 1、确认空处可填词性， 2、同性词筛选， 3、按逻辑关系代入确认答案。 · 考点一：熟词生义 A. address B. fascination C.governed D. imposing E.offensive F.originally G.overlooking H. rebellion I.reminder J. randomly K.swept Not limited to military purposes, castles also served as offices from which the lord would administer control over his fiefdom. That is to say, the lord of the land would hold court in his castle. Those that were socially beneath the lord would come to report the affairs of the lands that they ___37___ and pay tribute to the lord. They would ___38___ disputes, handle business, feast, and enjoy festivities. In this way castles served as important social centers in medieval England. （2018上海春考） A. competitors B. philosophy C. properly D. maximize E. enthusiastic F. candidate G. mirrors H. background I. extremely J. conducted K. cultural You need to communicate in a way that 38 their company standards; this will show that you can fit in that organization.（2017上海春考模拟卷） · 考点二：一词多性 These demands must also be balanced with the need to create interiors (内饰) that in some way enhance, establish or promote a company’s image and will enable employees to 49 at their best. A. access B.alternatives C.designed D. confirmed E. conflicting F. elements G. function H.innovative I.prospective J. separate K. supporting · 考点三：构词法知识（派生/转化/合成/缀合） （2016上海高考） A. account B. adjustable C. appliances D. capture E. decorations F. direct G. experiment H. intended I. operated J. soulless K. squeeze More is not a bore. The American-born architect Robert Venturi concluded that if simplicity is done badly, the result is 43 design. For example, think of a(n) 47 desk lamp. It needs to be constructed from materials that will stand the heat of the lamp and regular adjustments by the user. （2017黄埔一模） A. administered B. assess C. evaluating D. externally E. improperly F. life-threatening G. measures H. original I. preexisting J. principles K. vital Next, __（assess）____ the scene, asking other people or the injured person’s family or friends about details of the injury or illness, any care that may have already been given, and __ preexisting___ conditions such as heart trouble. Unless the accident scene becomes unsafe or the victim may suffer further injury, do not move the victim. First aid requires rapid assessment of victims to determine whether life-threatening conditions exist. · 考点四：固定搭配 在选词填空中，约定俗成的固定搭配不是很多，但对固定搭配的理解很常见。此外，非常重要的一点是注意小品词，即我们通常所说的to, in , on , at ,from等等,某种程度上能给我们选择的提示。如： 1).He believes design must take into the sensory side of our nature—sight, smell, touch and taste. （account）（2016上海高考） 2). Since you really____ yourself to a healthier lifestyle, a little help would come in handy, wouldn't it? (commit) (2014上海高考) 3).The British and Swedish governments have introduced a so-called "traffic light system" to ____foods as healthy or unhealthy. (classify) （2014上海高考） 【真题回顾】 2025年1月上海春季高考英语真题 【题源出处】选自2023年10月《Independent》上关于碳标注可持续旅行的介绍。 A.anchor B.comparing C.calorie D.charge E.operator  F.calculates  G. insufficient H.live  I. plug J. specializing  K. tailor-made Carbon labelling isn't new, but it is gaining a lot more traction of late-especially when it comes to travel. Carbon labels should be an easy way of (11)       products or services to see which are the most sustainable at a glance by providing a comprehensive, numbered footprint. Increasing numbers of businesses across a variety of sectors are getting onboard with the idea. For example, in the last month alone, exercise tracking app Strava announced a new tool to calculate carbon savings from going for runs, walks, cycles and e-bike rides. But perhaps one of the industries in which the concept could be most complicated is travel. It is one of the most carbon-intensive recreational activities any of us will ever take, and one for which the majority of us have (12)        ideas of the impact. If you break it all down, which is really worse: an all-inclusive cruise round the Bahamas? Or a trip to an eco-lodge in Costa Rica that involves a 24-hour round-trip on a plane? As an ordinary individual, it feels like an impossible task to figure out if one holiday is“better” than another. Many a pioneering (13)      started doing the hard work of measuring the impact of trips, down to the smallest element, and posting the results on their packages several years ago. Much Better Adventures led the (14)      , trialing the idea at the beginning of 2021-the first international travel company to do so. “Do I think it will be everywhere? I do,”Sam Bruce, the business's co-founder, told me at the time. “It should go beyond travel and they should be on all products that we buy; carbon labels should be the new (15)______. In Much Better Adventures' case, the label includes carbon emissions from all local transport accommodation, activities, guides, staff and office operations. Pura Aventura, (16)       in holidays to Latin America, Spain and Portugal, wasn't far behind, though with a different slant. “The complexity we have is that all our trips are (17)       - so we can't say we've got 50 trips and let's measure the carbon of each one," said cofounder and CEO Thomas Power. “Every trip is different. You need a (18)      tool - so we built it into our database. The company doesn't just measure the trip itself, but includes the travel to get there, door-to- door: “We want to know where you live, where the airport is, which flight you're taking," says Thomas. “We can(19)      into the database your postcode, Gatwick airport, your short- haul flight - and then the carbon factor (20)       the journey and the amount of carbon produced. 【请对比一下2014年上海高考英语选词填空】 Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. alert B. classify C. commit D. delicately E. gentle F. impose G. labels H. moderation I. relieve J. signals K. simply Let's say you've decided you want to eat more healthfully. However, you don't have time to carefully plan menus for meals or read food __41__ at the supermarket. Since you really__42__ yourself to a healthier lifestyle, a little help would come in handy, wouldn't it? This is where a "choice architect" can help__43__some of the burden of doing it all yourself. Choice architects are people who organize the contexts in which customers make decisions. For example, the person who decides the layout of your local supermarket-including which shelf the peanut butter goes on, and how the oranges are piled up—is a choice architect. Governments don't have to__44__healthier lifestyles through laws---for example, smoking bans. Rather, if given an environment created by a choice architect one that encourages us to choose what is best-we will do the right things. In other words, there will be designs that gently push customers toward making healthier choices, without removing freedom of choice. This idea combines freedom to choose with__45__hints from choice architects, who aim to help people live longer, healthier, and happier lives. The British and Swedish governments have introduced a so-called "traffic light system" to __46__foods as healthy or unhealthy. This means that customers can see at a glance how much fat, sugar, and salt each product contains__47__by looking at the lights on the package. A green light __48__that the amounts of the three nutrients are healthy; yellow indicates that the customer should be__49__; and red means that the food is high in at least one of the three nutrients and should be eaten in __50__. The customer is given important health information, but is still free to decide what to choose. （2022年7月上海高考） Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A pursuits B.interests C.comparable D.innovation E.schedule F.options G.realization H routes I.subjects J.recipes K.motivated Creativity Is a Human Quality That Exists in US When you think about creativity,it might be highly creative people like Mozart, da Vinci or Einstein who spring to mind.They were all considered to be"Geniuses”for their somewhat unique talents that led to global (31)______ in their fields. Their type of creativity is what's known as"Big C creativity”(or historical) and is not very common in everyday life. Not all of us can create works of art or music or scientific theories that are new to the world. But while we can’t all be Mozart, da Vinci or Einstein, many people do enjoy creative activity through hobbies such as water colour painting or playing the piano. And these types of (32) ______ are often what people think of when asked what being creative looks like. Our finished pieces may not be (33) _______ with the likes of the great masters, but often the process is therapeutic and the end result can be aesthetically pleasing. On top of hobbies and (34)_______, we all possess creative attributes that can help as we solve life's problems and make decisions. It is this type of creativity that enables us to plan different(35)_________ to get to the same destination, or how to fit in a trip to the supermarket when our (36)________ looks full. It might not sound very creative, but this aspect of creativity relies on our ability to consider(37) ________ and assess their suitability, as well as how to make decisions based on personal prior experience or what we have learnt formally or informally. These examples are known as "Small C creativity”or “personal everyday creativity. While Big C creativity is valued and celebrated, It is often Small C creativity that has allowed humans to flourish over thousands of years.it sets us apart from other animals and it is also the type of creativity which can be fostered through our education system and beyond into the workplace. Traditionally, research tells us that creativity has been largely associated with the arts. Our previous research has shown that teachers are often able to give examples of creative activity in arts(38)________, but find it harder to do so when asked to describe creativity in subjects such as science. But there is a growing(39) _______that opportunities to be creative are found across a broader range of subjects.For instance,engineering provides opportunities to be creative through problem solving. and history gives the opportunity to think creatively about why events happened, and what(40)________ those involved. （2018上海春考） Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. address B. fascination C.governed D. imposing E.offensive F.originally G.overlooking H. rebellion I.reminder J. randomly K.swept Palaces are known for their beauty and splendor, but they offer little protection against attacks. It is easy to defend a fortress, but fortresses are not designed with the comfort of a king or queen in mind. When it comes to structures that are both ___31___ and well-fortified, the classic European castle is the pinnacle of design. Across the ages castles changed, developed, and eventually fell out of use, but they still command the ___32___ of our culture. Castles were ___33___ built in England by Norman invaders in 1066. As William the Conqueror ___34___ through England, he fortified key positions to secure the land he had taken. The castles he built allowed the Norman lords to retreat to safety when threatened by English ___35___. Castles also served as bases of operation for offensive attacks. Troops were summoned to, organized around, and deployed from castles. In this way castles served both ___36___ and defensive roles in military operations. Not limited to military purposes, castles also served as offices from which the lord would administer control over his fiefdom. That is to say, the lord of the land would hold court in his castle. Those that were socially beneath the lord would come to report the affairs of the lands that they ___37___ and pay tribute to the lord. They would ___38___ disputes, handle business, feast, and enjoy festivities. In this way castles served as important social centers in medieval England. Castles also served as symbols of power. Built on prominent sites ___39___ the surrounding areas, castles constantly loomed in the background of many peasants' lives and served as a daily ___40___ of the lord's strength. （一） （2025年浦东新区一模） Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. accompany B. alternative C. diverse D. doubt E. predictable F. reflecting G. reframe H. reportedly I. seeking J. socially K. undesirable Voice changes as you age Do you sound… old? As we age, reductions in muscles and changes in the position you sit or stand make it harder to produce the same sounds that came easily in the past. Actually, many of the inconveniences that (11)_________ aging can damage the voice. If you’ve noticed your voice changing as you age, you’re not alone. Up to one in three older adults (12)_________ experiences a change in “normal voice quality.” Treatments that preserve or improve vocal(嗓音的) function for aging adults are highly (13)_________. There’s medication like hormone replacement therapy or thyroid(甲状腺) medication targeted at reducing an enlarged thyroid, which can cause vocal changes. But the front-line (14)_________ is usually a non-invasive therapeutic approach. It is a personalized physical therapy including vocal and breathing exercises designed to maintain vocal range, preserve volume, and handle individual issues. Overall, surgery is often unnecessary for the vast majority of patients with age-related issues. Keeping active and fit as you age can preserve muscle mass, strength, and benefit the breathing system. Voice experts further stress the importance of nutrition and hydration(水化作用), suggesting older adults drink plenty of water, adopt healthy diets and use steam generators at home. While researchers may (15)_________ the role that various factors play in voice preservation, they agree that quitting smoking significantly reduces the risk of developing age-related voice disorders. What is noteworthy is that (16)_________ voice changes will cause other health concerns. If older adults are feeling like their voice is changing, and it’s impacting their ability to engage in personal and professional growth, or interpersonal communication, they can start to withdraw (17)_________ and become depressed. Researchers are increasingly trying to (18)_________ many “disorders” of the aging voice as a natural part of aging. Thus, it’s crucial for older adults to recognize that these changes are inevitable, (19)_________ the passage of time. Besides medical interventions, psychological support also plays a vital role in helping older adults handle voice changes. Since age-related voice changes are inevitable, there’s no shame in (20)_________ help. Our voice is very personal at any age. （二） （2025年闵行一模） Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. display B. features C. home D. peak E. timing F. mass G. equivalent H. favor I. extensive J. upsets K. distinction The Atacama Desert stretches along the coast of northern Chile, covering over 40,000 square miles of dry land. It has a reputation as the harshest desert in the world, although that （11）________ technically belongs to the Antarctica desert. In fact, some weather stations in the Atacama have never recorded rainfall. Despite the severe conditions, the Atacama Desert is （12）________to a surprising number of plant species, many of which have evolved to survive long periods of drought. These flowers lie inactive, coming to life in a breathtaking（13）________that can stretch across thousands of square kilometers when conditions are favorable. This phenomenon is called a desert bloom. It occurs when infrequent rains cause a（n） （14）________growth of seeds that have lain inactive in the soil for years. These seeds are capable of resisting extreme heat and extended dryness. The current flowering isn't yet （15）________enough to be regarded as a desert bloom, covering only a few hundred square kilometers. But here's the strange thing: this phenomenon usually happens in the spring. Now, in Chile, it's winter —— so it's unusually early for something like this to happen. El Niño, a natural climate phenomenon that influences global weather, often plays a crucial role in the desert bloom. However, it is not yet confirmed whether it is to blame for the（16）________of this bloom. This phenomenon （17）________normal weather patterns, regularly bringing increased rainfall to regions that are typically dry. In the case of the Atacama desert, it can lead to occasional but significant rain events, which creates the perfect conditions for a desert bloom. The desert bloom（18）________ a collection of native flowers, each of which has adapted itself uniquely to the harsh environment. The current event, however, seems to（19）________ a specific purple flower that doesn't need a lot of water and grows in sandy sites. At its （20）________, a desert bloom can include up to 200 species, showcasing the toughness of life in this unpleasant environment. （三） （2025年普陀区一模） Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. accents B. acquire C. boundaries D. fulfill E. guidelines F. liberally G. precisely H. priority I. prospect J. schedule K. suspect Find Your Life's Work Everyone has their own life values. You wonder what your vocation is and where you could successfully ___11___ your potential?Here are some tips. ● Turn Passion into Profit Do not___ 12___ this statement:find something you like and you won't have to work a day. There is no better ___ 13 ___ than getting good money for your hobby. So, think about what you really like to do even for free. Even if you only love to play online games and taste delicious food, you can go for cooking or tasting, game development or go into e-sports, start a thematic blog—as you can see, there are a lot of options. ● Imagine an Ideal World Another way to understand what is most important to you is to reflect on what an ideal world should look like. Perhaps your purpose is ___14 ___to bring the real world closer to this ideal image. Don't limit yourself to ___15 ___ . Let go of fantasy and let yourself just dream. Write down any thoughts that come to mind. Pay attention to all the details and ___ 16 ___ , and then think about how to translate them into reality. ● Recall Your Best Moments To determine your top ___ 17 ___ , think about the moments in which you experienced the greatest joy. What has given you the most satisfaction in the past?Take a little time and remember all the times when you were sincerely glad. So, you will understand what your main___ 18 ___ are at this stage of life. ● Create a Roadmap You've identified your goals. Now, develop a detailed plan, like drawing a map from your current life to your desired future. Find the best route from point A to point B. Think about what skills you need to ___ 19 ___and what daily habits are worth adding to your life. The more specific points you put on the map, the easier it will be to ___20 ___them and start moving towards your goal. （四） （2025年嘉定一模） Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. access B. ended C. exchanged D. increased E. mirrored F. narrow G. non-judgmentally H. non-productively I. shame J. stranger K. understood For Those in Crisis, a Friend to Text “A 19-year-old woman wrote to me in a text message, saying she was feeling hopeless and beginning to give up on life. . . . ” Aaron, a veteran (老兵) , has himself suffered from the similar stress and depression. He ___11___ the feeling. For the past year, Aaron has been volunteering with the Crisis Text Line (CTL), a free 24-hour service that people in need of a lifeline can ___12___ through the number 741741. The line currently has 1, 500 volunteer Crisis Consultants across the country and has ___13___ more than 19 million texts — 50,000 messages a day. As he had been instructed, Aaron “listened” openly and ___14___ to the young woman. He didn’t offer advice: he didn’t try to help her solve her problems. Mostly, his messages ___15___ back what he’d heard from her, occasionally emphasizing a strength that he’d noticed — like the fact that she’d taken this step to help herself even in the middle of her depression. “A lot of people feel extremely lonely,” he says. “Sometimes it takes a(n) ___16___ , not a close friend, to say, ‘Hey, you’ve been through a lot, but you’ve been helping yourself. If you can do that, you can do more. ’ Many people reply, ‘I’ve never thought about it that way.’” The goal of a crisis line, explains Nancy Lublin, who runs the CTL, is ___17___ . It’s not treatment; it’s meant to bring people from “a moment of hot to a moment of cool, ” so consultants can suggest ways the texter can move to a place of ___18___ safety. Researchers are excited about the text line. “Teens have been reluctant to use crisis services,” observes Anthony Pisani. “The CTL offers a layer of protection from the ___19___ of expressing your weaknesses.” As for the woman with whom Aaron was communicating, the opportunity to share her feelings with a kind stranger appeared to help. “She said she couldn't remember the last time anyone had told her they believed in her,” Aaron recalls. She ___20___ the conversation the way people often do, by texting, “Thanks for listening.” 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$